2020届中考英语 动词不定式考点梳理
初中英语知识点归纳动词不定式的基本用法
初中英语知识点归纳动词不定式的基本用法动词不定式是英语中的一种非谓语动词形式，通常由动词原形加上to 构成。
它具有名词、形容词和副词的性质，可以在句子中充当主语、宾语、表语和补语等成分。
本文将对动词不定式的基本用法进行归纳总结。
一、动词不定式作主语动词不定式作主语时，常常位于句首，具有强调的作用。
常见的句型有：1. To learn English well is my goal.学好英语是我的目标。
2. To drink eight glasses of water a day is beneficial to our health.每天喝八杯水对我们的健康有益。
二、动词不定式作宾语动词不定式可以作及物动词的宾语，常常跟在动词后面。
常见的动词有：1. want, hope, expect, plan, decide, promise, agree 等。
例如：I want to go to the park this weekend.我想这个周末去公园。
2. advise, encourage, allow, enable, force, teach 等。
例如：His teacher encourages him to learn new words every day.他的老师鼓励他每天学习新单词。
三、动词不定式作表语动词不定式可以作表语，说明主语的身份、职业、愿望等。
常见的句型有：1. His dream is to become a doctor.他的梦想是成为一名医生。
2. Our aim is to win the game.我们的目标是赢得比赛。
四、动词不定式作补语动词不定式可以作及物动词的宾语补语和形容词的补足语。
常见的动词有：1. make, let, see, hear, watch, feel, notice, observe 等。
例如：She made her son do his homework.她让她的儿子做作业。
初三英语动词不定式知识精讲
初三英语动词不定式【本讲主要内容】动词不定式【知识总结归纳】-.构成：to +动词原形二.特征：1.不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，同时也保留动词的特征，它有自己的宾语和状语，来构成不定式短语。
eg .1want to go there by bike .2.动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，但有时态的变化。
（1）动词不定式的一般式：“to +动词原形”eg .I am glad to meet you again. I want to go to the concert.（2）动词不定式的完成式：“to have +动词的过去分词”。
eg .I am sorry to have kept you waiting for a 10ng time.二.用法：1.作主语（如果不定式短语过长，可以把此短语放在句尾，主语的位置可以用it来替换，叫做形式主语）eg .\ To go surfing is exciting .I It is exciting to go surfing .To set up the new building will take them a year and a half .It will take them a year and a half to set up the new building .To learn all the subjects well is important.It is important to learn all the subjects well.▲在it作形式主语的句子中，某些形容词之后，不定式之前常带有for sb，这类形容词有：easy， difficult， hard， interesting， necessary 等。
而在某些形容词之后，不定式之前常带有 of sb，这类形容词有：nice，good，kind，clever，foolish，careful，polite 等。
2020届全国地区中考英语专项之不定式与现在分词作宾语补足语的用法
2020届全国地区中考英语专项之不定式与现在分词作宾语补足语的用法一、不定式和其短语做宾语补足语不定式和其短语做宾语补足语，要紧强调动作的全过程或一次性的动作。
例如：a. I asked him to come here.b. Did you see anyone come into the room?c. I think him to be a good teacher.d. Please tell her to wait for me at the school gate.能用不定式或不定式短语作宾语补足语动词两种情形，一种是接带to不定式作宾语补足语的动词，一种是接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语的动词。
1．常见的接带to的定式作宾语补足语的动词：tell, ask, want, teach, allow, drive, expect, invite, love, hate, like, prefer, would like等。
其否定形式在不定式前加not。
例如：a. My mother often tells me to study hard at school.b. Mr. Zhang asked us not to play too many computer games at home.c. I want you to teach me how to use a computer.2．常见的接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语的动词要紧是一些表示感受的动词和表示〝使〞、〝让〞的动词，表示情况全过程或一次性动作。
它们要紧有：一感：fell二听：hear, listen to三让：let, make, have四看：see, watch, notice, observe半关心: help help sb. to do / do sth.例如：a. Did you hear me sing a song last night?b. I saw him come into the room yesterday.c. Please let me help you clean / to clean the windows.d. Oh, please don’t make the baby cry again.注意：含不带to的不定式作宾语补足语的句子变成被动语态时，要把to加上，即不可省掉to，例如：a. I heard her sing yesterday. —— She was heard to sing yesterday by me.b. He made me laugh. —— I was made to laugh by him.二、现在分词或现在分词短语作宾语补足语现在分词或现在分词短语作宾语补足语，表示宾语补足语是一个正在进行和发生的动作，具有一定的描述性。
第十二章动词不定式(思维导图+知识梳理+好题精炼)2022-2023初中英语中考语法归纳
第十二章动词不定式思维导图知识梳理一、不定式概述动词不定式的基本形式是:“t o+动词原形”,有时可以不带to.不带to的不定式与动词原形同形,但它不是原形,而是一种语法形式.除基本助动词do和情态动词外,英语动词都有不定式形式.动词不定式没有人称和数的变化,在句子中不能作谓语,但可以担任除谓语外的任何成分－主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语和宾语补足语.动词不定式和它的宾语或状语构成不定式短语.不定式有时态、语态变化(以do为例):主动语态被动语态一般式to do to be done进行式to be doing -完成式to have done to have been done 完成进行式to have been doing -(一)作主语用作主语的动词不定式通常表示一种具体的、特定的行为,其谓语动词用第三人称单数形式.To obey the laws is everyone's duty.服从法律是每个人的职责.How to use the computer is a question.怎么使用计算机是一个问题.How to get there is not decided yet.怎样去那里还没决定下来.点拨(1)在很多情况下,常用it作形式主语,而把真实主语不定式放在谓语之后.It was difficult to sell my car.我的车很难卖掉.It's not known where to stay for the night.在哪里过夜还不知道.(2)如果要表示不定式的动作是谁做的,一般在不定式前加一个for短语.It will be a regret for us not to help him.我们没有帮助他是个遗憾.(3)在某些形容词(如kind, good, nice, wise, unwise, clever, silly, wrong, right, foolish, stupid, careless, considerate, rude, naughty, impolite等)作表语时,不定式前常可加一个以of引起的短语,来说明不定式指的是谁的情况.It would be rude of us to refuse their invitation.(我们)拒绝他们的邀请,会显得无礼.(二)作表语作表语,一般紧跟在系动词,如:be, seem, get等后面,用以说明主语.The question is when to start.问题是什么时候启程.You seem to have lost weight.你好像减肥了.What we have to do first is to find a solution.我们得做的第一件事是找出一个解决办法.点拨当不定式所作的表语仅用来说明主语的内容时,这个不定式只作单纯的表语,而不具有未来的含义.(三)作宾语能以不定式作宾语的动词很多,常见的有:agree, begin, decide, expect, forget, hope, learn, like, manage, pretend, start, try, want, wish等.Do you wish to see the manager?你想见经理吗?They decided to learn English hard.他们决定好好学英语.Don't forget to meet me at 6:00.别忘了六点钟和我见面.有些动词,如:tell, advise, show, teach, know, forget, learn , remember, show,understand, see, wonder, hear, find out, explain, decide, discuss等后面,常用带疑问词的不定式作宾语.We don't know who(whom)to ask.我们不知道问谁.We asked how to get to the station.我们问怎么到达车站.Have you decided where to go for your holidays?你们决定到哪儿度假了吗?I don't know whether to apply for the job or not?那份工作我不知道申请还是不申请?(四)作定语I have no time to waste.我没有时间可浪费.Let me find a place to park.我来找个停车的地方.He is always the first to come to work and the last to leave.他总是第一个来上班,最后一个走.点拨不定式修饰something, anything, nothing时,放在它们的后面.如果something, anything, nothing 有形容词来修饰,词序是something(nothing...)+形容词＋不定式.My father had something to do.我父亲有事要办.Have you got anything important to buy?你有什么重要的东西要买吗?(五)作状语不定式常可用作状语,修饰动词,表示行为的目的、结果、原因等.一般放在被修饰词之后,但在表示目的时,为了强调也可放在句首.1.作目的状语为加强语气在否定式前还可加上in order或so as组成词组(即:in order to...,so as to...),作状语表示目的.To live a long and healthy life, we must learn to have a balanced diet.为了能过长寿而健康的生活,我们必须懂得吃均衡的食品.I stayed there so as to see what would happen.我留在那儿,为的是想看看会发生什么事.In order to help him, we would do everything we can.为了帮助他,我们愿意尽一切力量.2.作结果状语表结果,其逻辑主语通常亦是全句的主语.在“so...as to...”“such...as to..“enough to...”“only to...”以及“too...to...”等结构中的不定式皆表示结果.She is old enough to go to school.她已到了可以上学的年龄了.He was too drunk to drive home.他酩酊大醉,没法开车回家.3.作原因状语She trembled to think of the terrible accident.想到那可怕的车祸,她就不寒而栗.We jumped with joy to hear the news.听到这消息,我们都高兴地跳了起来.(六)宾语补足语1、有很多动词的后面都可以有不定式作宾语补足语常见的这类动词有:advise, ask, tell, help, wish, want, expect, forbid, persuade, press, request, teach, warn等.She asked her grandfather to play game with her.她请爷爷跟她一起做游戏.Mother told me to cook the meal.妈妈叫我做饭.2.有一些动词后用作宾语补足语的不定式通常不带to,这种动词有两类:一类是感觉动词,另一类是使役动词感觉动词:如feel, see, hear, watch, notice等.使役动词:如make, let, have等.Let me do it for you.让我来替你做.Don't let her go out.别让她出去.I made him work hard.我迫使他加劲干.(1)动词help之后,复合宾语中的不定式可带to,亦可不带to.在上述动词转换为被动结构时,其后的不定式必须带to.He was seen to enter the theatre.有人看见他走进了剧院.I was made to do my homework the whole night.我被迫整晚做作业.Can you help me (to) move this table?你能帮我移动一下这张桌子吗?(2)感官动词的宾语补足语有两种形式:不带to的不定式和动词-ing形式.I heard Meimei singing in her room when I went past.我路过的时候听见梅梅在房间里唱歌.(路过的瞬间正在唱,所以用singing)We often hear Meimei sing in her room.我们经常听见梅梅在房间里唱歌.(经常听见,用不定式)I saw him come in.I saw him coming in.两句话的意思都一样:我看见他进来.用不定式着重于动作的全过程,用动词-ing形式则是强调当时动作的进行情况.3.当谓语动词为think, make, find, consider, feel, regard等词,作宾语的不定式后面有宾语补足语时,常用it作形式宾语,而将真正的宾语放在补足语的后面I find it easy to learn English well.我发现要把英语学好很容易.三、不定式的主要句型及注意事项(一)不定式的否定式不定式的否定式:not+不定式,经常和ask(tell)sb. to do sth.句型连用.She asked me not to drive him to the station.她要我不要开车送他到车站.Try not to be late.争取不要迟到.Mary asked me not to give my pen to Jimmy.玛丽让我别把笔给吉米.She decided not to come here again.她决定不再到这儿来.点拨不定式的否定式和否定句的区别:I asked him not to open the door.我让他别把门打开.I didn't ask him to open the door.我没让他把门打开.(二)不定式的进行时态进行式:表示在谓语动词所表示的动作或状态发生时正在进行.It's nice to be sitting here with you.在这儿陪你坐着是非常愉快的.It is unwise for him to be talking that topic all the time.他老是谈论这件事,很不明智.(三)不定式的完成时态完成式表示在谓语动词的动作或状态发生时已经完成.She said she was sorry to have missed you.她说她没见到你很遗憾.He seemed to have visited our factory.他好像参观过我们的工厂.They appeared to have met before.他们看来以前见过面.(四)动词不定式的被动语态表示被动意义I didn't want to be told about it.我不想被告知这件事.Nothing seems to have been forgotten.似乎什么也没有被遗忘.The building is said to have been destroyed in a fire two years ago.据说这幢大楼两年前已毁于一场大火.在以某些形容词,如kind, good, silly, honest, bad, stupid, bold, clever, cruel,courteous, nice, rude, sensible, tactful, wise, wrong等作表语时,后面需用以“of+名词(或代词宾格)＋不定式”结构,以说明不定式所表示的动作的执行者是谁(即of短语是不定式的逻辑主语).It's very good of you to come.谢谢你的光临.How silly of you (it is)to make such a mistake!你出了这样的差错,多傻啊！It's very kind of you to say so.多谢你这么说.在had better, had best, would rather, would rather...than, would sooner, would sooner...than, cannot but, do nothing but等结构后面的不定式要省略“to”.You had better write it in English.你最好用英文写.I would rather stay at home.我宁愿待在家里.好题精练一、用-ing形式或不定式的适当形式完成句子1.Do you enjoy_________ football?(play)2.Fred didn't have any money, so he decided_________ a job.(take)3.We're going out for dinner, Would you like_________ us?(join)4.The teacher reminded the students_________ their test paper on time.(finish)5.When I was tired, I enjoyed_________ TV.(watch)6.It was a nice day, so the old man agreed_________ for a walk.(go)7.I'm not in a hurry, I don't mind_________.(wait)答案:1.playing2.to take3.to join4.to finish5.watching6.to go7.waiting二、选择括号内所给词组完成句子,注意括号内“go+v.-ing形式”构成固定搭配的用法(go boating; go fishing; go dancing; go running; go skating; go hunting; go singing)1.She's a good dancer. She always_________ on Saturday.2.I've got a gun. I'll_________ with that strong hunter next weekend.3.“Where is Tim?”“He has. _________ He always runs in the morning.”4.We have enough fish to eat. Our father_________ every day.答案:1.goes dancing2.go hunting3.gone running4.goes fishing三、仿照示例改写下列句子示例:It is very interesting to play baseball.→ To play baseball is very interesting.1.lt was not polite to speak that way before Mr. Lee.___________________________________________________________________________________________ _2.It can be quite easy to travel by air.___________________________________________________________________________________________ _3.lt will be no problem to arrive there before noon.___________________________________________________________________________________________ _4.To make those strangers believe us was so difficult.___________________________________________________________________________________________ _5.To help Tom speak Chinese well is not at all easy.___________________________________________________________________________________________ _答案:1.To speak that way before Mr. Lee was not polite.2.To travel by air can be quite easy.3.To arrive there before noon will be no problem.4.It was so difficult to make those strangers believe us.5.It is not at all easy to help Tom (to) speak Chinese well.四、选择填空1. _________ the bookstore, he stopped_________ a few books.A. Passing; buyingB. Passing; to buyC. To pass; buyingD. Having passed; to buy2.Bruce,look at your dirty shoes, You'd better_________ them right now.A. washedB. washingC. washD. to wash3. _________ the room, I found the computer_________.A. Entering; stealingB. Entering; stolenC. To enter; stealD. To enter; stealing4.We've worked hard for nearly one hour. Let's stop_________ a rest now.A. haveB. to haveC. havingD. have had5.My mother always tells me not_________ to the net bars(网吧)．A. goB. to goC. goesD. going6.The teacher asked us_________ English for half an hour in the morning.A. reads B reading C. to read D. read7.You will have to get up early tomorrow. Stop_________ TV, Peter.A. watchesB. watchC. to watchD. watching8.I find it hard_________ English well.A. learnB. learningC. to learnD. learns9.The teacher asked John_________ a short talk in our class meeting.A. giveB. to giveC. gaveD. giving10.The girl was too poor_________ a houseA. to buy; to live inB. to buy ;to liveC. buy; to liveD. buying; living in11.It was very late at night, but Mr. Brown still went on_________.A. works B .worked C. working D. work12.Remember_________ him about it before he goes away.A. tellB. to tellC. tellingD. to telling13.Lin Tao is strong enough_________ the big box.A. carryB. to carryC. carryingD. carries14.Her mother told her_________ in bed.A. not readB. not to readC. don't readD. to not read15.When class began, we stopped_________ to the teacher carefully.A. listeningB. listenC. listens D .to listen16.You'd better_________ the cinema by bus.A. don't goB. to goC. to go toD. go to17.What did the manager_________ you to_________ at the meeting?A. tell; sayB. ask; speakC. tell; speakD. ask; talk18.Tom was let_________ in the gate house.A. waitB. to waitC. waitingD. to have waited19.Mr.Hu has enough time_________ the job in two days.A. finishB. to finishC. finishingD. finished20.Look,the building_________ is our library.A. is repairedB. being repairedC. repairingD. to be repairing21. _________ no money, I could not buy this coat.A. HaveB. HavingC. To haveD. Have had22.The teacher has something important_________ us.A. to tellB. tellsC. tellingD. told23.Li Ming didn't know_________ next.A. to do whatB. what to doC. how to doD. what do24.I'd love_________ to your birthday party.A. comeB. cameC. to comeD. comes25.It took me two hours_________ by bus.A. to get thereB. to get to thereC. get thereD. get to there答案:1-5BCBBB 6-10CDCBA11-15CBBBD 16-20DABBB21-25 BABCA五、改正下列句子的错误1.He seems to not hear from her.___________________________________________________________________________________________ _2.I hope see you soon.___________________________________________________________________________________________ _3.I made them to give the money back.___________________________________________________________________________________________ _4.The scientist gave us some advice on how learning English.___________________________________________________________________________________________ _5.No one noticed him to leave the room.___________________________________________________________________________________________ _6.Have you given up to smoke?___________________________________________________________________________________________ _7.We found him waited at the school gate.___________________________________________________________________________________________ _8.Why not to turn off the light?___________________________________________________________________________________________ _9.She didn't want me go.___________________________________________________________________________________________ _10.I don't know to swim.___________________________________________________________________________________________ _11.China is a developed country belonging to the third world.___________________________________________________________________________________________ _12.It's getting dark. We have to find a hotel to live.___________________________________________________________________________________________ _13.He said he had an important meeting to attended.___________________________________________________________________________________________ _14.They don't allow that people smoke.___________________________________________________________________________________________ _15.It's difficult sell my car.___________________________________________________________________________________________ _答案:1.He seems not to...2.I hope to see...3.I made them give...4....how to learn...5....him leave...6....given up smoking?7...him waiting...8.Why not turn off...9.She didn't want me to go.10.I don't know how to swim.11....a developing...12....to live in13....to attend.14. ...people to smoke.15...to sell my car.。
初中英语动词不定式知识点归纳
初中英语动词不定式知识点归纳初中英语动词不定式的用法1、动词不定式作主语动词不定式作主语时，为避免句子的头重脚轻，常用it作为形式主语，而真正的主语动词不定式后置。
如要说明动作的执行者，可在不定式前加for引导的短语；但如果表语是nice, kind, clever等描述动作执行者的性格、品质的形容词时，则应在不定式前加of引导的短语。
2、动词不定式作宾语一些动词，如want, decide, hope, ask, agree, choose, learn, plan, need, teach, prepare,等，常接动词不定式作宾语。
当动词不定式作宾语时，如果后接宾语补足语，常用it作形式宾语，而把真正的宾语放在宾语补足语之后。
应注意有些动词后面可接不定式作宾语，也可接动名词作宾语，但所表达的意义不同。
3、动词不定式作定语动词不定式作后置定语时，与被修饰的名词逻辑上有动宾关系。
如果动词不定式是不及物动词时，则要带上与之搭配的介词，构成及物动词短语。
4、动词不定式作宾语补足语有些动词，如tell, ask, want, invite, teach, like, call等可接带to 的动词不定式作宾语补足语，构成tell/ask/want /call/invite sb. to do sth.结构。
应注意动词不定式作使役动词和感官动词的宾语补足语时应省去to，在被动语态中应加上to。
5、动词不定式作状语动词不定式作状语主要用来修饰动词，表示目的，结果或原因。
为了强调目的，有时可以把动词不定式放在句首，或在不定式前加in order或so as。
6、固定句式中动词不定式的用法在固定句式中对不定式的考察常见的有：had better (not) dosth./Would you like to do sth.?/Why not do sth.?/Would you please (not) do sth.?等。
中考英语动词不定式考点全攻略
中考英语动词不定式考点全攻略动词不定式历来是中考英语命题的热点之一。
它是动词的一种非谓语形式，没有人称和数的变化，不能单独作句子的谓语。
其构成形式为"（not）to+动词原形"。
考点攻略一：动词不定式作主语1）动词不定式直接用在主语位置：To see you is always a pleasure.2）如果主语较长，则可以用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语(不定式)置于后面。
① It is +形容词+(of sb.) to do sth. 此处常用careless, clever, foolish,honest, kind, nice, rude, stupid, silly, wrong, wise等形容词，与介词of搭配，这些形容词常表述不定式逻辑主语的属性或性质。
It’s brave of you to jump into the river to save the boy!②It is +名词或形容词+ (for sb.)to do sth. 此处常用necessary,hard, difficult, easy, important, impossible等形容词，与介词for搭配，表示不定式的动作或行为的性质。
It is our duty to keep our classroom clean. It is important for us to protect the environment.③It takes sb. some time to do sth.It usually takes us about two and a half hours to travel from Shanghai to Japan.考点攻略二：动词不定式作宾语其后常接不定式作宾语的动词有：agree, afford, choose, decide, expect, plan, promise, manage, hope, wish, want, seem, refuse, fail等。
人教版初中英语2020年中考英语语法考点知识复习13
2020年中考英语考点知识13非谓语动词（一）非谓语动词就是在句子中不充当谓语的动词。
它不受主语的限制，也没有像谓语动词那样的时态和语态的变化，又称为非限定动词，在句子中可以作主语、宾语、表语、宾补、定语和状语。
非谓语动词包括三种形式：不定式、动名词和分词。
动词不定式动词不定式的基本形式为：to+动词原形，有时可不带to。
不定式的否定形式是not to+动词原形。
动词不定式仍然具有动词的功能，可以接宾语或状语而构成不定式短语。
例如：to beat the opponent 打败对手to put on your coat 穿上你的大衣to drive fast 快速驾车to return home 归国，回家注意：不定式之前的to(又称为小品词)与介词to功能不同。
介词to 之后要接名词或代词的宾格，或相当于名词的短语作它的宾语。
而不定式的小品词to的后面需要跟原形动词。
speak to him (to是介词)对他讲话to speak English (to是不定式的小品词)讲英语1 不定式在句子中的用法(1)不定式作名词的用法不定式起名词作用，在句子中可以充当主语、表语、宾语和宾语补足语。
①不定式作主语To grow more trees here is very important.（=It is very important to grow more trees here.）在这里多种些树是非常重要的。
To think carefully before you act is necessary.（=It is necessary for you to think carefully before you act.）你须三思而后行。
To walk to school takes me twenty minutes.(=It takes me twenty minutes to walk to school.)步行到学校我要花20多分钟。
2020安徽中考英语专题复习课件动词不定式PPT下载
5. 这是一篇托物言志的铭文，本文言 简义丰 、讲究 修辞。 文章骈 散结合 ，以骈 句为主 ，句式 整齐， 节奏分 明，音 韵和谐 。
6.了解和名著有关的作家作品及相关 的诗句 、名言 、成语 和歇后 语等， 能按要 求向他 人推介 某部文 学名著 。
7.能够根据所提供的有关文学名著的 相关语 言信息 推断作 品的作 者、作 品的名 称和人 物形象 ，分析 人物形 象的性 格和作 品的思 想内容 并进行 简要评 价。
want sb to do get sb to do find sb to be would like sb to do
2020安徽中考英语专题复习课件动词 不定式P PT下载
wish sb to do order sb to do like sb to do help sb (to) do
2020安徽中考英语专题复习课件动词 不定式P PT下载
2020安徽中考英语专题复习课件动词 不定式P PT下载
2020安徽中考英语专题复习课件动词 不定式P PT下载
5.
用作表语
His work is to feed the animals.
Her job is to look after the patients.
My dream is to be a scientist.
2020安徽中考英语专题复习课件动词 不定式P PT下载
2020安徽中考英语专题复习课件动词 不定式P PT下载 2020安徽中考英语专题复习课件动词 不定式P PT下载
2020安徽中考英语专题复习课件动词 不定式P PT下载
1应该认识到，阅读是学校教育的重要 组成部 分，一 个孩子 如果在 十多年 的教育 历程中 没有养 成阅读 的习惯 、兴趣 和能力 ，一旦 离开校 园，很 可能把 书永远 丢弃在 一边， 这样的 结果一 定是我 们所有 的教育 工作者 不想看 到的。
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动词不定式动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种形式。
其结构是“to +动词原形”，否定形式为“not + to +动词原形”。
动词不定式在句中不充当谓语，不受主语的限制，但有时态和语态的变化。
动词不定式是全国各地区中考的必考点之一。
现结合最近几年的中考真题，全面梳理动词不定式的考点。
走进考题，用心感悟1. It’s happy for me __________ (have) the bike.2. They prefer __________ (stay) at home rather than go out.3. He is old enough __________ (join) the army.4. His boss made him __________ (finish) the work after five.5. His plan is __________ (spend) her summer in Shanghai.6. Have you got anything __________ (say)?7. Do you know when __________ (start) our work?8. He went out __________ (carry) the big bag.9. __________ (do) the homework at school is our duty.10. The teacher told me __________ (clean) the classroom after class.请大家大胆尝试做以上十个小题。
在做题的过程中，不需要过多考虑，要凭感觉填写，我相信这样的话大家做题的正确率会很高。
怎么样？完成了吧？是不是发现这些题的答案大都是“to +动词原形”呢？精心思索，你会发现动词不定式具有以下特点：动词不定式运用范围广，位置灵活；除了不能做谓语之外，动词不定式几乎可以充当其他句子成分。
边讲边练，牢记结构一、动词不定式做主语1. 动词不定式直接做主语。
例如：To drive less is good for the environment. 少开车对环境有好处。
(2020北京)2. 下列特殊句型中的动词不定式做真正的主语。
△“It is + adj. + for sb. to do sth.”意为“做某事对某人来说是……的”。
其中句中的形容词多为描述性的词语，不对人或物的品格进行评价，如difficult, easy, hard, important, dangerous, impossible等。
△“It is + adj. + of sb. to do sth.”意为“做某事对某人来说是……的”。
其中句中的形容词用于描述人的性格、品质，如kind, good, nice, right, wrong, clever, careless, polite, foolish 等。
△“It is a / one’s + n. (task / duty / job) + to do sth.”意为“做某事是……的任务/职责/工作”。
例如：It’s my duty to save patients. 治病救人是我的职责。
【真题再现】1. (2020雅安) It is important ______ people ______ good manners.A. for; to learnB. of; to learnC. for; learnD. of; learn2. (2020钦州) —Let me help you carry the box, Granny.—Thank you, Li Lei. It’s very nice ______ you ______ me.A. of; to helpB. for; to helpC. of; helpingD. for; helping3. (2020龙东) —It’s our duty ______ our city clean and beautiful.—Yes. We should do something for it.A. to keepB. keepC. keeping二、动词不定式做表语动词不定式做表语，一般用于be动词或seem等系表动词后面。
主语通常是wish, idea, work, task, job, aim等。
例如：My work is to clean the room every day. 我的工作是每天打扫房间。
三、动词不定式做宾语动词不定式做宾语是中考常考点之一，其用法分为两种情况：1. 一些动词必须接动词不定式做宾语，这类动词有want, decide, learn, hope, plan, afford, need, would like, expect, intend, agree, refuse等。
2. think, find, make, feel等动词可用于“v. + it + adj. + to do sth.”结构。
在此句型中，it做形式宾语，而真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式。
【真题再现】4. (2020遂宁) They decided ______ a bridge over the river.A. buildB. to buildC. building5. (2020扬州) —Some children can’t afford ______ necessary stationary.—Let’s donate our pocket money to them.A. buyB. buyingC. to buyD. be bought6. (2020齐齐哈尔) I found ______ not very easy ______ to ride a bike.A. that; learnB. it; to learnC. that; to learn四、动词不定式做宾语补足语后接动词不定式做宾语补足语的动词分为两种情况：1. 后接带to的不定式做宾补的动词有ask, tell, get, want, would like, need, teach, invite, advise, order, encourage, warn, remind, allow, persuade, force等。
2. 后接省略to的不定式做宾补的动词有：一感(feel)、二听(listen to; hear)、三让(make; let; have)、四看(look at; see; watch; notice)、半帮助(help)。
但要注意的是，在被动语态结构中，应还原动词不定式符号to，如make sb. do sth. → be made to do sth.。
【真题再现】7. (2020上海) My friend invited me ______ the art club, and I accepted it with pleasure.A. joinB. to joinC. joinedD. joining8. (2020呼和浩特) Mr. Smith told his son ______ the football match because of the exam.A. not to watchB. to not watchC. not watchingD. doesn’t watch9. (2020临沂) What happens when you hear a strange noise at night, or find a big spider inthecorner of your bedroom? It often makes us ______.A. jumpB. to jumpC. jumpingD. jumped10. (2020呼和浩特) If you see the cartoon film, you will ______ laugh.A. be madeB. be made toC. made toD. make11. (2020呼和浩特) —Why don’t you watch TV at home?—I’d love to, but my mother doesn’t allow me ______ that.A. doB. didC. to doD. doing12. (2020黔西南) Tom’s mother told him ______ eating too much meat.A. stoppingB. to stopC. stopsD. stopped五、动词不定式做状语动词不定式做状语，可以表示目的、结果或者原因等。
【真题再现】13. (2020未名) Mr. Li is a kind-hearted man. Though he is not rich, he always does everythinghe can ______ the homeless children.A. to supportB. supportC. supportingD. supported14. (2020泰安) When you leave, please turn off the lights ______ energy.A. saveB. to saveC. savingD. saved15. (2020丽水) —Does Mary only have an apple for breakfast?—Yes. She eats like a bird ______.A. to wake upB. to be strongC. to lose weightD. to fall asleep六、动词不定式做定语1. 动词不定式做定语时位于被修饰词语之后，做后置定语。
2. 如果不定式动词与被修饰语之间有逻辑上的动宾关系，并且该动词是不及物动词，则需要加上适当的介词或副词使动宾关系成立。
【真题再现】16. (2020漳州) —We don’t have enough money for our field trip. What shall we do?—The best way ______ money is to sell newspapers.A. raiseB. to raiseC. raising17. (2020凉山) When you move somewhere new, the first thing for you is to find a place ____.A. to liveB. living inC. to live in18. (2020毕节) —Would you like something ______?—Yes. I’d like ______.A. drink; orangeB. to drink; orangeC. to eat; orangeD. eat; oranges七、特殊结构中的动词不定式动词不定式可以和疑问词who, what, which, when, how, where等词连用，构成“疑问词+动词不定式”结构，在句中可以做主语、宾语和表语。