牛津译林版八年级英语下册8B U1 知识点讲解和练习(附答案)
8B Unit 1 Past and PresentWelcome to the unit预习热身1. present n. _______2. just adv. ______________3. _______ n.过去4. _______ conj.自……以来5. share …with … _______6. used to______________7. by underground_______ 8. _____________一小时前9. - Eddie, have you seen my food? ___________________________________- Yes. I've just eaten it. ___________________________________________10. You used to share food with me! ___________________________________11. Well, there were always too many people on the bus, and it took a long time towait for the next one._____________________________________________________________________ 知识点讲解1．- Eddie，have you seen my food?埃迪，你看到我的食物了吗？- Yes. I've just eaten it．是的。
我刚刚把它吃了。
思考：have you seen与I've just eaten用的是什么时态？讲解：have you seen和I've just eat en都用了现在完成时现在完成时由“助动词have/has＋过去分词”构成，其中I've是I have的缩略形式，seen是see的过去分词，eaten是eat的过去分词。
例如：- Have you eaten your breakfast? 你吃过早饭了吗？- Yes，I have. 是的，我吃过了。
( )- Would you like to go and see Avatar with me tonight?- Thank you very much, but I_______ it already.A. seeB. will seeC. have seenD. am seeing2．You've eaten my food? 你吃了我的食物?思考：该句为什么句式？讲解：本句为陈述句，但句末用问号，表示疑问。
这种问句常用于口语中，表示较弱的疑问语气。
- You are fourteen years old? 你十四岁了？- Yes，I am．是的。
( ) - _______ - Yes. I can watch TV for half an hour then.A. What about doing your homework?B. You've finished your homework?C. Do you finish your homework?D. Did you do your homework?3．Because I was very hungry．因为我很饿。
思考：because的意思是“_______”。
讲解：because意为“因为”，后跟原因状语从句，通常用来回答由why引导的特殊疑问句。
注意： because of 后面加名词短语- Why were you late for school this morning? 今天早上你为什么上学迟到了？- Because there was something wrong with my bike.因为我的自行车坏了。
( ) Tony never spends money in buying books_______ he doesn't like reading． A. but B. because C. though D. until4．You used to share food with me! 你过去常和我分享食物！思考：used to是什么意思？后接动词时，动词用什么形式？讲解：used to意为“过去常常”。
后接动词时，动词用原形。
used to do sth.意为“过去常常做某事”。
I used to help the old man.我过去常常帮助那位老人。
[注意] be used to doing sth. 意为“习惯做某事”．be used to do sth．意为“被用来做某事”。
I am used to getting up at six in the morning. 我习惯于早上六点起床。
A knife is used to cut things. 刀子是用来切东西的。
( )①He used to_______ in a small village, but now he has been used to_______ in a big city.A. live; livingB. live; liveC. living; living( )②Do you know what the box_______?A. is used to doingB. is used to doC．use to do D．used to do思考：share…with…的意思是“_______”。
讲解：share…with…意为“与……一起分享……”。
I share the same bedroom with my sister.我和我妹妹同住一室。
③你经常与别人分享你的信息吗？Do you often_______ _______ _______ _______ _______?Reading预习热身1. northern adj._______ 2．married adj. _______3. wife n._______4.improve vt.＆．vi. _______5．_______ n污染；污染物6．_______ n．工厂7．_______ n．废料；废品8．_______ vt. & vi.意识到；实现9．_______ n．形势，情况10. _______ adj.孤独的，寂寞的11．_______ n．丈夫12. _______ n．采访；会见13．turn…into…_______ 14.in some ways______________15. from time to time_______ 16. all one's life______________17. ______________结婚18. ______________变化很大19．______________多年来20. ______________感到有点儿寂寞21.Has the area changed/a lot over the years?___________________________22.Now, the government has turned part of the town centre into a new park._____________________________________________________________________ 23. Now I feel a bit lonely from time to time.___________________________________24. Anyway, it's good to see the amazing changes in the town._______________________25. Tell me more about your interview with Mr Chen, Millie._____________________________________________________________________ 知识点讲解1. - Do you know Sunshine Town very well, Mr Chen?陈先生，您对阳光镇非常了解吗？- Sure. I've lived here since l was born.当然。
我从出生就住在这里了。
思考：know…well的意思是“_______”讲解：know…well意为“对……清楚，对……熟悉”，后面可以跟人或物。
对程度提问时用how well。
I know Mr. Green very well.我对格林先生很熟悉。
How well do you know your hometown? 你对你的家乡了解多少？( ) - How well do you know your school? -I know it quite_______.A. goodB. wellC. fineD. bad2. When I got married in 1965, my wife and I moved two blocks away and we've lived in this flat since then．在1965年，当我和我妻子结婚时，我们搬到了两个街区外并且一直在这个公寓里住到现在。
思考：get married的意思是“_______”。
讲解：get married意为“结婚”，表示结婚的动作，不能和一段时间连用。
My parents got married twenty years ago.我的父母是二十年前结婚的。
拓展：marry既可作及物动词，也可作不及物动词，意为“结婚；嫁；娶；与……结婚”等。
其常见用法如下：(1 ) marry sb.嫁给某人；与某人结婚。
John married Mary last week.上星期约翰和玛丽结婚了。
(2) marry sb. to sb.表示父每把女儿嫁给某人或为儿子娶媳妇。
She married her daughter to a businessman.她把女儿嫁给了一位商人：(3)marry作不及物动词时，常常用副词或介词短语来修饰。
She married very early.她很早就结婚了。
牛津译林版八年级下册8B Unit 1-2 知识点精讲
2. The Yellow River is the second ______ river in China. it’s also the mother river of China.
A. long
B. longer
C. longest
D. the longest
3. I know this plan is far from perfect, but I just can’t think of ______ one.
A. close
B. closer
C. closest
D. the closest
答案：D
解析：of + the +范围+形容词或副词的最高级表示“......（三者及三者以上）中最......的”，形容词的最高级前
面一定要加 the，所以此题答案是 D
2. Hui Ruoqi, a girl from Nanjing, is one of the ______ players in Chinese women’s volleyball team.
B. other boys
C. boys
D. other boy
-1-
答案：D
解析：首先，Tom 在这个班级里，在范围内，那么在比较的时候，就要除开自己，比：任何其他的男孩高。
其次，any other + n.单数。选 D。
4. Tom is more careful than ______ boys in his class.
A. the other
B. other
C. any other
D.首先，Tom 在这个班级里，在范围内，那么在比较的时候，就要除开自己，比：任何其他的男孩高。
译林牛津八年级下册 8B知识点梳理.doc
牛津初中英语8B unit1—unit8 知识点归纳8B Unit1【考点精讲】一、核心词汇1．past n．[考点点拨] past作名词，意为“过去”，其还可作介词和形容词，可用于如下情况：in the past （n．）在过去；half past(prep.)five 5点半；in the past(adj.)three years在过去的3年里。
如：When he walks past our desks, he always knocks ourbooks and pens off the desks.当他走过我们课桌的时候，他总是把我们的书本和钢笔从课桌上碰掉下来。
The boy finished his homework with the help of his father in the past.这个男孩过去是在他父亲的帮助下完成作业的。
2．present n．[考点点拨]present作名词，意为“现在，目前”。
At present＝at the moment＝right now目前；其还可作形容词，your present job你目前的工作；present用作名词，还可表示“礼物”，a birthday present -份生日礼物。
如：He is washing his clothes at present.现在他正在洗衣服。
3．northern adj。
[考点点拨] 方位词：north-northern; west-western; south-southern; east-eastern。
如：in the north of China ＝in the northern part of China在中国北部East China华东；North China华北The northern part of the city used to be sparsely populated, but has now become a cultural centre. 城北过去人口稀少，但现在成了文化中心。
牛津译林版英语八年级下册-8B-Unit1-知识点总结汇总
turn left 向左转
turn right 向右转
12.三种污：： water pollution,
noise pollution , air pollution
〈知识链接〉pollution 的动动式式 pollute. 注意总结动动完总动的后缀态
13 往河里排放废：： put the waste into the river. 【例句】 Please put the food into the fridge. 【常用短语】 put away 拿走，储存⋯ 用用 put back 放回前向后移
牛津英语 8B Unit 1 Past and present
一、重点短语汇总解析
1. 在碗里 in the bowl 2. 过去在在在 past and present （ 1） past
在盘里里 on the plate
n. 过去，以前前 in the past 在过去
adj. 过去的，以前的前 in the past few years 在过去的几里里 prep. 经过 walk past the post office 走过邮局 （ 2） present
从那以后 since then
〈知识链接〉since 有几个意思 （ 1）既然
（2）因为 （ 3）自...以来（在在完）常）
6. (1)搬家 move house, (2)搬到 Paris: move to Paris.
(3)搬走 move away (4) 搬入新公寓 move into new flats. (区： move in 无宾语 )
〈知识链接〉east北北 →eastern 北北的 , west →western, north
→north态ern注意： 如果把短
牛津英语译林版八年级全册知识点全解+单元练习(附答案)
牛津英语译林版八年级全册知识点全解+单元练习(附答案) 译林版牛津英语8B全册单元知识点总结+练习（附答案）Unit 1 Past and past.......................................................................... ....................................... 1 Unit 2Travelling ................................................................... ................................................. 17 Unit 3 Onlinetours ........................................................................ ........................................ 40 Unit 4 A goodread ......................................................................... ........................................ 56 Unit 5 Goodmanners ...................................................................... ...................................... 73 Unit 6 Sunshine forall .......................................................................... ................................. 89 Unit 7 InternationalCharities .................................................................... ........................ 104 Unit 8 A greenworld ........................................................................ .. (122)Unit 1 Past and past内容全解 Part One Comic strip 重点全解1、past and present.（P 6）①pastn. 过去，以前；in the past �D在过去‖adj. 过去的，以前的；in the past few years 在过去的几年里 prep. 经过 walk past the post office走过邮局②presentadj.现在的; 目前的; 出席的n.现在; 礼物; at present 现在； a present for you给你的礼物 2、I’ve just eaten it..（P 6）just作副词，表示�D刚刚‖，通常与现在完成时连用。
2024年中考英语牛津译林版英语八年级下册u1-u8核心知识点考点汇总
8B Unit1重点词组、句型及语法复习提纲49 周围的青山绿水green hills and rivers around50 把某物落在某地leave sth sp51 和某人一起拍照take photos with sb52 拍某人的照片take photos of sb53 处于使用中be in service / be in use54 乘… 去某地take … to sp / go to sp by….55 靠近next to56 更少的发展less development57 放学后在学校和朋友聊天stay after school to chat with friends58 同意某人的观点agree with sb59 同意做某事agree to do60 有更多的时间放松自己have more time to relax oneself61 在小学in primary school62 有同感have the same feeling63 自然美景natural beauty64 顺便问一下by the way二、重点句子及句型：1. ----Eddie，have you seen my food ? ----Yes. I’ve just eaten it.2.The factory used to dump its waste into the river.（didn’t use to do/used not to do）3.I have known the place since I was very young.4.We lived together till 1965 when I got married.5.China has changed a lot. = Great changes have happened to China.= There have been great changes in China.6.Many of them have moved to other areas and I feel a bit lonely from time to time.7.They cannot see their friends as often as before.8.The government realized it was a very serious problem and took action to reduce the pollution.9.Eddie has lived with Millie since he was born./last year/3years ago.10.They have gone to the cinema already. John has been to the USA a few times.11.I come to school by bus on my own12.He thinks he is unlucky enough to see the changes to Sunshine Town.13.I will stay there for a whole week to enjoy the sun and the beach.14.I wish you a happy holiday. = I wish you will have a happy holiday.15.The changes to Moonlight Town have brought many benefits but they have also caused many problems for people.16. Some animals and plants have lost their living areas because of these changes.17. It no longer provides a good environment for wildlife. = It does n’t provide a good environment for wildlife any longer.18.Now, let me show you how to get to the train station.三、语法：1.现在完成时用法一：表示过去发生的动作对现在产生影响。
牛津译林八年级下册8BUnit1 知识梳理
牛津译林八年级下册8BUnit1 知识梳理一、重点词汇：1. 时态标志词：一般现在时：from time to time=at times一般过去时：in the past现在进行时：at present现在完成时：in/during/over the past/last XX years / just /since /ever /over the years before (在句末，副词) yet recently重要考点：1) already, yet, just区别already, just只能用于肯定句，yet用于否定句和疑问句just只能放在have和done中间，already可以放在have和done中间或句末，yet只能放在句末。
2) since和for的区别，since的用法since+过去时间点；since+时间段 ago；since+从句(一般过去时) ；since doingIt is 时间段 since+从句for+时间段（注意时态未必是完成时，要看有没有持续到现在）3) just和just now的区别：just是现完标志词，just now是过去时4) ever表示的曾经不同于once，是现完标志词，一般用于疑问句，位置在done前面ever句型：It is the 最高级 sth that I have ever done5) before做副词才是现完标志词，做连词不是。
2. used to用法：(1) 句型：过去常常做used to do 过去有 there used to be 过去是 used to be(2) 同义：used to=once(3) 否定形式：usedn’t to didn’t use to(4) 辨析：be used to doing 习惯于做某事 be used to do 被用来做某事3. northern:在中国北部：in the north of China=in the northern part of China4. married:(1) 注意介词：get married to sb.(2) 持续性动词：be married to(3) 变形：marry vt. marry sb. marriage n. (了解)5. in some ways 在某种程度上way的短语：in this way 用这种方法 on the way to 在去某地的路上 in one’s way 挡了某人的道by the way 顺便说一下6. interview vt. 采访，面试 n. 采访，面试考点：区分动词，名词：have interviewed sb. have interviews with sb.7. return vi. 返回 vt. 归还return to return from 不与back共用return sth. to sb.8. abroad adv. 在国外go abroad 持续性动词be abroad 前面不加介词9. exactly adv. 正是，没错考查变形：exact-exactly考查中文提示：正是如此，确切地考查情景交际。
牛津译林版英语八年级下册 Unit 1 语法、词汇、句型知识点总结(详细版)
牛津译林版英语八年级下册Unit 1 语法、词汇、句型知识点总结（详细版）8B Unit 1 Past and presentComic strip & Welcome to the unit1.I've just eaten it.我刚才把它吃了。
just此处用作副词，意为“刚刚，刚才”，通常与现在完成时连用。
Mr Wang has just left our classroom.王老师刚刚离开我们的教室。
I've just heard the news.我刚听到这个消息。
拓展：①just 副词，还可意为“正好，恰好；仅仅，只是”，起加强语气的作用。
This jacket is just my size.这件夹克衫正合我的尺码。
That's just what he wanted.那正是他所要的。
He is just a child.他仅仅是一个孩子。
I just want to talk to you.我只是想和你谈谈。
①just now意为“刚才，刚刚”，相当于a moment ago，常用于句末，用于一般过去时态的句子中。
I met one of my friends in the street just now.我刚才在街上遇到了我的一个朋友。
①just then 意为“就在那时”。
Just then, someone knocked at the front door.就在那时，有人敲了敲前门。
2.Why?为什么?这是一个省略问句，其完整形式是“Why did you eat my food?”。
why引导的特殊疑问句用来询间原因，通常用because（因为）引导的句子来回答。
—Why didn't you come to the meeting yesterday?你昨天为什么没来参加会议?—Because I had a bad cold.因为我患了重感冒。
牛津译林版英语八下_Units 1-3 现在完成时语法讲解和练习
8BUnit1-3现在完成时语法（完整讲解）和练习（含答案）一、现在完成时讲解8BUnit1语法1. 构成：have / has + 动词过去分词2. 意义1）过去开始一直延续到现在的动作或状态。
She has lived here since she was born.You have studied in this school since 2014.I have taught English for 18 years. (注意：动词必须为延续性动词)2）发生在过去，对现在有影响的动作。
I have lost my key, so I can’t get into my house.Who has cleaned the window? It’s really clean.The bus has left, you must wait for the next one.I have seen the film. I won’t see it tonigh t.3）到目前为止，事情发生的次数。
I have already read this book many times.My uncle has been to France twice.How many times have you been to Beijing?★现在完成时的不同句式：1) She has lived in Wuxi since 2002.→Has she lived in Wuxi since 2002? Yes, she has./ No, she hasn’t.→She hasn’t lived in Wuxi since 2002.→How long has she lived in Wuxi?2) They have been to Shanghai three times.→Have they been to Shanghai three times?Yes, they have./ No, they haven’t.→They haven’t been to Shanghai three times.→How many times have they been to Shanghai?3.完成时常和以下时间状语连用：1)already 已经肯定句/ 特殊疑问句yet 还，仍否定句/ 一般疑问句She has already finished her homework. 句中She has finished her homework already.句末Has she finished her homework yet? 句末She hasn’t finished her homework yet. 句末2) ever 曾经肯定句/ 一般疑问句never 从未否定句I have ever seen the film. （肯定句）Have you ever seen this film? （一般疑问句）I have never seen the film. （否定句）3) since 自从+ 过去的时间点/ 一般过去时从句for 长达+ 一段时间（表示过去开始一直延续到现在的动作或状态）我爸爸在这住了二十年了。
译林牛津八年级下册8B知识点梳理
牛津初中英语8B unit1 — unit8知识点概括8B Unit1【考点精讲】一、核心词汇1． past n ．[ 考点点拨 ] past 作名词，意为“过去” ，其还可作介词和形容词，可用于以下状况：in thepast （ n．）在过去； half past(prep.)five 5点半；in the past(adj.)three years在过去的 3 年里。
如：When he walks past our desks, he always knocks ourbooks and pens off the desks.当他走过我们课桌的时候，他老是把我们的书籍和钢笔从课桌上碰掉下来。
The boy finished his homework with the help of his father in the past.这个男孩过去是在他父亲的帮助下达成作业的。
2． present n．[ 考点点拨 ] present作名词，意为“此刻，当前”。
At present＝at the moment＝rightnow 当前；其还可作形容词， your present job你当前的工作；present用作名词，还可表示“礼品”， a birthday present -份诞辰礼品。
如：He is washing his clothes at present.此刻他正在洗衣服。
3． northern adj。
[ 考点点拨 ]方向词：north-northern; west-western; south-southern; east-eastern。
如：in the north of China＝in the northern part of China在中国北部East China华东；North China华北The northern part of the city used to be sparsely populated, but has now become acultural centre.城北过去人口稀罕，但此刻成了文化中心。
牛津译林版 8B八年级下册 Unit1 Past and present 知识点梳理
八年级下册Unit1 Past and present知识点梳理【重点单词】past [pɑːst]过去present ['preznt] 现在，目前just [dʒʌst] 刚才used to (过去持续或常发生)曾经since [sɪns] 自…以来ever ['evə] 曾经，永远，这以前northern ['nɔːðən] 北方的，北部的married [ˈmærɪd] 已婚的，结婚的wife [waɪf] (妻子block [blɒk] 街区since [sɪns] 自…以来over ['əʊvə] 在…期间turn ... Into ... 把…变成…pollution [pəˈluːʃ(ə)n] 污染；污染物factory ['fæktəri] 工厂waste [weɪst] 废料；废品realize ['rɪəlaɪz] 意识到；实现improve [ɪm'pruːv]改进，改善situation [sɪtjʊˈeɪʃ(ə)n] 形势，情况in some ways 在某种程度上however [haʊ'evə] 然而impossible [ɪmˈpɒsəbl] 不可能的before [bɪ'fɔː]以前，过去，已经lonely ['ləʊnli] 孤独的，寂寞的from time to time [frɒm//taɪm//tuː//taɪm] 不时，有时，偶尔anyway [ˈenɪweɪ] 尽管，即使这样husband ['hʌzbənd] 丈夫interview [ˈɪntəvjuː]采访；会见all one's life 一生yet [jet] 还，仍recently ['riːsntli]近来，最近past [pɑːst]过去environment [ɪn'vaɪrənmənt] 环境transport [trænsˈpɔːt]交通车辆，运输工具condition [kənˈdɪʃ(ə)n] 环境，条件，状况return [rɪ'tɜːn]返回last [lɑːst]最近，上一次；最后abroad [ə'brɔːd]到（在）国外primary [ˈpraɪməri] 小学教育的；初级的keep in touch 保持联系communicate [kəˈmjuːnɪkeɪt] 交流，交际communication [kəmjuːnɪˈkeɪʃ(ə)n] 交流，交际exactly [ɪg'zæktli] （答语）正是，没错be/get used to 习惯于，适应于narrow [ˈnærəʊ] 狭窄的open space 开阔的空地【重点词组】1.in the bowl an hour ago一个小时之前在碗里的ed to do sth.过去常常做某事be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事be used to do sth. 被用来做某事3.do a history project on the changes in Beijing over the years做个有关这些年北京的变化的历史调查4.write a report on the changes in your home town 写一个有关你家乡的变化的报道5.know about the different forms of transport 对不同形式的交通工具很了解6.talk about transport at different times 讨论不同时期的交通工具7.take turns to do sth.=do sth. by turns 轮流做某事8.go to school by bike = ride a bike to school 骑自行车去学校9.wait for the next one 等下一辆车10.go to school by bus= take a bus to school= go to school on the bus乘公交车去学校11.interview sb. to get some information 为了得到些信息采访某人12.know sunshine town very well 对阳光镇很了解13.be born 出生14.move house 搬家15.in the northern part of town 在这个镇的西部16.get married to sb.= marry sb.= be married to sb.和某人结婚17.marry sb. to sb. 把某人嫁给某人18.move two blocks away搬到两个街区以外19.live in this area 住在这个地区20.since then 自从那以后since I was born/ since last Saturday/since three days ago21.over the years 这些年over the past century 在过去的几个世纪22.in the town centre= in the centre of the town 在镇中心23.turn/change/put sth. into 把某物变成某物24.a steel factory 一个钢铁厂25.put the waste into the river 把垃圾倒入河里put down 记下put away 收好put on 穿上put off 推迟、延期26.take action to improve the situation采取行动改善这种情况27.in some ways 在某些方面on the way (to ) 在……的路上by the way 顺便说no way 没门in any way 无论如何28.most of my old friends大部分我的老朋友29.move away 搬走/move to(into) another town30.see each other as often as before像以前一样经常看到对方31.play cards and Chinese chess 打牌和下棋32.feel a bit lonely 感到有点孤单33.from time to time = at times = sometimes 有时34.because of being alone 因为独自一人35.a group of buildings with streets on all sides街道两边全是高楼on both sides/ on each side36.interview sb.= have an interview with sb. 采访某人37.all his life 整个他的一生38.in the past 在过去at present 现在39.make some notes 做些笔记40.waste sth. on sth./ sb.浪费某物在某物/某人上41.repair over ten bicycles= repair more than ten bicycles修理超过10辆自行车42.teach sb. a lot about the history of China教我很多有关中国的历史43.talk about a film about the history of Beijing讨论一个有关北京历史的影片44.learn more about Beijing’s past and present对北京的过去和现在了解更多45.hear about/of 听说hear from sb.= receive/ get one’s letter=receive/get a letter of sb.收到某人来信46.living conditions 居住条件47.return sth. to sb. 把某物归还给某人48.go abroad 去国外at home or abroad 在国内外49.at primary school 在小学50.keep in touch with each other 互相保持联系51.make communication much easier使得联系更容易Communicate with sb.和某人保持联系52.take place发生（有目的有计划的）、举行happen发生(偶然发生)53.green hills all around到处都是绿山54.a river runs through the centre of town一条小河穿过镇中心55.get used to the changes of life习惯了生活的变化56.on one’s own = by oneself = alone独自57.throw rubbish 扔垃圾58.in some large open spaces在一些大的开阔的地方59.move into new flats搬到新公寓去60.in their free time在他们业余时间61.travel around the town在镇里转转62.have their own cars= have cars of their own有他们自己的汽车e the new words to talk about my hometown用些新词来讨论我的家乡e facts to support my opinions用事实来支持我的观点【重点句型】1.There were always too many people on the bus, and it took a long time to wait for the next one.公共汽车上总是有太多的人，并且要花费很长时间等待下一趟。