课时作业10：模块综合测评

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人教版英语选修10：模块综合测评

模块综合测评Ⅰ.阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)AHealth，Wellness and the Politics of Food9：00—9：45 a．m.Blue TentPanelists (专题讨论小组成员)：Jami Bernard，David Kamp，Marion Nestle and Peter Singer.Moderated (主持) by Denise Grady，science writer for The Ne w York Times.How does what we eat not only affect our bodies，but also the world？This group of food and nutrition experts debate the role that the diet plays in both personal and global health，and present a look at food politics.Sports Writing：For the Love of the Game9：50—10：35 a．m.Blue TentPanelists：Christine Brennan，Ira Rosen，Joe Wallace and Joe Drape.Moderated by William C．Rhoden，sports writer for The Ne w York Times.Whether catching that key moment of victory or defeat，or covering breaking news，sports writers are anything but audience.Listen as some of the industry's professionals discuss the special experience in reporting of sports news.The Art of the Review11：15—12：00 a．m.Green TentPanelists: John Freeman，Barry Gewen，David Orr，Celia McGee and Jennifer Schuessler.Moderated by Sam Tanenhaus，editor for The Ne w York Times Book Re v ie w.How much of an effect does the book review have on book sales？Join this group of critics as they discuss the reality of book review and bestseller lists，and how they choose books for review.New York Writers，New York Stories3：00—3：45 p．m.Green TentPanelists: Cindy Adams，Richard Cohen，Ric Klass and Lauren Redniss.Moderated by Clyde Haberman，columnist (专栏作家) for the City section of The Ne w York Times.Join this inspiring group of New Yorkcentric writers as they talk about why New York is a gold mine of ideas for their work.【语篇解读】本文是应用文。

外研版七年级英语下册Module 10 综合素质评价含答案

外研版七年级英语下册Module 10 综合素质评价限时: 60分钟满分: 100分一、单项选择(每小题1 分，共10 分)( )1. Mr Green is _______ holiday in Beijing _______ his family.A. on; withB. for; atC. in; withD. on; for ( )2. —_______ is your friend going to stay in Shenzhen?—Maybe for a few weeks.A. WhenB. How longC. What timeD. How soon ( )3. It will _______ you some time to do shopping with your mother.A. spendB. costC. takeD. pay( )4. [2022·天津耀华中学期末] He was so _____ when he heard the _____ news.A. exciting; excitingB. exciting; excitedC. excited; excitedD. excited; exciting( )5. —What do they _______ in the shop?—School things. Would you like to buy some?A. goB. doC. sellD. say( )6. I _______ we’ll have to wait a few more minutes, but I am not sure.A. believeB. guessC. decideD. hope ( )7. —What language can she speak?—_______. That’s because she comes from Paris.A. ChineseB. FrenchC. JapaneseD. English ( )8. What time will you _______ the school gate?A. reach atB. arriveC. getD. arrive at ( )9. In Chinese family, people won’t start dinner ______ the elders take their seats.A. afterB. whenC. becauseD. until ( )10. [2022·合肥庐阳区期末] —How was your holiday to Shanghai last week?—_______A. Good idea.B. It was wonderful.C. All right.D. I’m happy.二、完形填空(每小题1 分，共15 分)Bill and Cathy wanted to go on a holiday. They chose a place called Maldives (马尔代夫). And they decided to 11 there for two weeks in spring, because they heard that the weather there was perfect at that time. They worked very hard for several 12 . Finally, they made enough money for their dream 13 . But their trip was more like a nightmare (噩梦)!The problem 14 when the flight was put off because of bad weather. They c ouldn’t leave 15 night. They finally got on the plane twelve hours later! But they 16 fly to Maldives because there was a storm. They had to fly to the capital city 17 . Then they stayed in a small hotel 18 the airport.The hotel was next to the sea, but the sea was 19 dirty that they couldn’t swim in it. And the hotel swimming pool was full of leaves! The food was awful, 20 . For breakfast there was 21 bread and milk! The worst part was when the storm came, they felt really 22 . Because of the bad weather, they had to stay for 23 night in the small hotel. And they had 24 to do. It was so boring. Finally, they 25 in Maldives three days later. And someone told them the weather there had been wonderful all the time!( )11. A. run B. work C. stay D. see( )12. A. minutes B. hours C. seconds D. months ( )13. A. trip B. job C. college D. clothes ( )14. A. finished B. jumped C. continued D. began ( )15. A. after B. since C. until D. from ( )16. A. needn’t B. couldn’t C. shouldn’t D. won’t ( )17. A. soon B. ago C. late D. instead ( )18. A. near B. from C. across D. next ( )19. A. hardly B. much C. so D. enough ( )20. A. also B. either C. too D. very ( )21. A. only B. many C. few D. any( )22. A. full B. quiet C. happy D. terrible ( )23. A. other B. another C. more D. others ( )24. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything( )25. A. reached B. arrived C. got D. moved三、阅读理解(每小题2 分，共20 分)AHave you ever been to Disney World? Now read Mary’s diary —A trip to the Disney World.March 18th, 2023 Cloudy This is the story about my trip! It was cold and cloudy. My family and I got to the airport and had lunch. Our plane was late for a few hours. Then finally we got on the plane. We got to Florida and we took a bus to Disney World. It was raining heavily when we got there. We ate chicken, hot dogs and hamburgers for dinner. Then we went to bed.The next morning we planned to go to the Animal Kingdom. We saw elephants, tigers, lions and many other animals. My favorite was The Tree of Life Show. It was cool because there were so many special effects.The next few mornings we went to all the parks. My favorite was the Magic Kingdom because all my favorite rides were there. After all of those we went home. That is my story.( )26. What was the weather like at the airport?A. It was cold and cloudy.B. It was rainy.C. It was sunny.D. It was cool and windy.( )27. How did they get to Florida?A. By bus.B. By train.C. By plane.D. On foot.( )28. What did they have for dinner after they got to Disney World?A. Eggs.B. Hot dogs.C. Bread.D. Milk.( )29. Where did they see The Tree of Life Show?A. In the Magic Kingdom.B. In the zoo.C. In the park.D. In the Animal Kingdom.( )30. What is the best title for this passage?A. My Pleasant TripB. Good ParksC. Animal WorldD. My Favorite DayBMy name is Lisa. My sister finished high school two weeks ago. As a special present, our parents took us to India last weekend. It was interesting but scary (吓人的).We went camping in a small village. First, we took a long bus ride to a lake in the countryside. There we put up our tents (帐篷) and made a fire to keep us warm and cook food on. On the first night, we just sat under the moon and told each other stories. But I was so tired that I went to sleep early.The next morning, my sister and I got a terrible surprise. When we looked out of our tent, we saw a big snake (蛇) sleeping near the fire. I was so scared that I couldn’t move. We shouted to our parents to let them know about the danger. My dad started to jump up and down in their tent.This woke the snake up and it moved into the forest near the lake. My dad told me later that snakes don’t have ears but can feel things moving. He also told me it was important not to go near a snake. This was a very useful lesson for me.( )31. How was Lisa’s last weekend?A. Boring and scary.B. Busy and tiring.C. Funny but scary.D. Relaxing but boring.( )32. Where did Lisa and her family put up their tents?A. In a park.B. Near a lake.C. Near a river.D. In a forest.( )33. What did Lisa and her sister see the next morning?A. A big snake.B. A big dog.C. A big bird.D. A big cat.( )34. Why did their dad jump up and down in the tent?A. To make him warm.B. To drive the snake away.C. To do morning exercises.D. To wake up their mother.( )35. What lesson did Lisa learn from her father?A. Snakes can’t feel things moving.B. Snakes are our friends.C. Don’t be afraid of snakes.D. Be away from snakes.四、词汇运用(每小题1.5 分，共15 分)A)用方框中所给单词的正确形式填空。

高中化学选择性必修一高考训练课时作业习题模块综合测评

模块综合测评（时间：90分钟满分：100分）一、选择题（本题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分。

每小题只有一个选项符合题意）1．化学与生活息息相关，下列有关说法错误的是（）A．用可溶性的铝盐或铁盐处理水中的悬浮物B．银制器物久置表面变暗与电化学腐蚀有关C.为防止电池中的重金属等污染土壤和水体，应积极开发废电池的综合利用技术D.电热水器用镁棒防止加热棒腐蚀，原理是牺牲阳极保护法2．中国科学家在合成氨[N2（g）＋3H2（g）⇌2NH3（g）ΔH<0]反应机理研究中取得新进展，首次报道了LiH3d过渡金属这一复合催化剂体系，并提出了“氮转移”催化机理，如图所示。

下列说法不正确的是（）A．过程中有极性键形成B．复合催化剂降低了反应的活化能C．复合催化剂能降低合成氨反应的焓变D．350 ℃时，催化效率：5LiHFe/MgO>铁触媒3．化学与生活密切相关，下列说法错误的是（）A．泡沫灭火器可用于扑灭一般物品的起火，但不适用于扑灭电器起火B．用盐酸滴定碳酸氢钠溶液，可以用酚酞作指示剂C．锅炉水垢中含有的CaSO4，可先用Na2CO3溶液处理后，再用盐酸除去D．用热的碳酸钠溶液除油污效果更好4．研究表明N2O与CO在Fe＋作用下发生可逆反应的能量变化及反应历程如图所示。

下列说法不正确的是（）A．反应中Fe＋是催化剂，FeO＋是中间产物B．总反应速率由反应②的速率决定C．升高温度，总反应的平衡常数K减小D．当有14 g N2生成时，转移1 mol e－5．CH3OH是重要的化工原料，可用于制造甲酸甲酯。

工业上用CO与H2在催化剂作用下合成CH3OH，其反应为CO（g）＋2H2（g）⇌CH3OH（g）。

按n（CO）∶n（H2）＝1∶2向密闭容器中充入反应物，测得平衡时混合物中CH3OH的体积分数在不同压强下随温度的变化如图所示。

下列说法中正确的是（）A．p1<p2B．该反应的ΔH>0C．平衡常数：K（A）＝K（B）D．在C点时，CO转化率为75%6．常温时，下列各组溶液中的离子一定能够大量共存的是（）A．由水电离出的c（H＋）＝1.0×10－13 mol·L－1的溶液中：Na＋、Cl－、NH＋4、SO2－3 B．含有大量Al3＋的溶液中：K＋、Na＋、CO2－3、HCO－3C．使甲基橙试液变黄的溶液中：Fe2＋、Mg2＋、NO－3、Cl－D．c（H＋）＝1.0×10－13 mol·L－1的溶液中：Na＋、S2－、CO2－3、SO2－47．25 ℃时，K sp（BaSO4）＝1×10－10 mol2·L－2，K sp（BaCO3）＝2.6×10－9 mol2·L－2。

外研版七年级英语上册Module 10 综合素质评价是附答案

外研版七年级英语上册Module 10 综合素质评价限时: 90分钟满分: 100分一、单项选择(每小题1. 5分, 共15分)1. Boys and girls, let’s wash our hands ________ meals.A. ofB. atC. beforeD. with2. This is a difficult song, but my sister sings it ________ well.A. onlyB. evenC. alsoD. quite3. Chinese people think “eight” is a(n) ________ number.A. sadB. luckC. unluckyD. lucky4. There are so many leaves here. Please ________.A. sweep away themB. sweep them awayC. sweeps them awayD. sweeps away them5. Eating dumplings at Spring Festival is ________ in China.A. patientB. luckyC. possibleD. traditional6. Kate ________, “Tom is ________ with his mother now. ”A. says; talkingB. talks; sayingC. says; sayingD. talks; talking7. —Your dress is so ________, Jane.—Thank you. My mother always helps me wash it.A. smallB. cleanC. expensiveD. beautiful8. Be careful ______ fire or (否则) something dangerous may happen ______ you.A. with; toB. for; withC. with; forD. to; to9. —Are your students running on the playground?—________. The first one is Henry.A. Yes, they areB. Yes, they doC. No, they aren’tD. No, they don’t10. —Hello, may I speak to John, please?—________A. I’m fine.B. Thanks.C. This is John speaking.D. I’m John.二、完形填空(每小题1. 5分, 共15分)China has many holidays. I love the ________11because I can play with my friends. January 1st is New Year’s Day. I like to go shopping on that day. I always buy some ________12 for my family. The Kite Festival is in April. I often fly kites with my friends. Children always like ________13. May 1st is International Workers’ Day. We have ________14 in June (六月). We usually have a ________15 at school every year. We sing and dance at the party. We are very ________16. Teachers’ Day comes on September 10th. We always give ________17or cards to our teachers. National Day comes in October. We often have a holiday of a(n)________18. Spring Festival is in ________19 or February. I usually have a big dinner with my ________20.11. A. holidays B. presents C. toys D. games12. A. flowers B. books C. presents D. food13. A. flying kites B. reading storiesC. playing gamesD. making friends14. A. Women’s Day B. Fath er’s DayC. Boxing DayD. Children’s Day15. A. class B. party C. rest D. meal16. A. happy B. tired C. sad D. cool17. A. flowers B. money C. cars D. names18. A. hour B. day C. week D. month19. A. April B. September C. June D. January20. A. friends B. family C. classmates D. teachers三、阅读理解(每小题2分, 共20分)AChongyang Festival is on the ninth day of the ninth lunar month every year. Do you know how it comes? Here is the story about it.Once there is a man called Huan Jing. He learns from his teacher Fei Changfang.One day, Fei Changfang tells Huan Jing, “On the ninth day of the ninth lunar month, your parents are going to be very ill. You must go home now. Make two redbags for your parents and put some dogwood (山茱萸) on the door. Then take the red bags in your hands, and climb the mountain near your house. You must stay on the mountain until (直到……为止) the next day. Then your parents can be OK. ”Huan Jing listens to his teacher and goes home. He asks his family to do all those things. This saves his parents. Huan Jing is very happy.Many people hear of it. They also do those things on this day. Then it becomes a tradition now.21. Fei Changfang is Huan Jing’s ________.A. doctorB. teacherC. friendD. brother22. From the passage, we know Chongyang Festival is a day for children to _____.A. be very illB. make red bagsC. do something for their parentsD. stay on the mountains23. What does the underlined word “saves” mean in the passage?A. 迫害B. 检查C. 拯救D. 挽留24. Which order (顺序) is Right?①Take the red bags in hands. ②Put some dogwood on the door.③Make two red bags. ④Climb up the mountain.A. ①②④③B. ②③①④C. ④②③①D. ③②①④25. What’s the best title for the passage?A. History of Chongyang FestivalB. A Story about a Good TeacherC. Traditions in ChinaD. Huan Jing’s FamilyBThe Spring Festival was coming, so I decided to visit mygrandma. When entering the room, I found she was busy makingpaper cuttings. She is good at Chinese paper cutting. She learned itfrom her mother. Later, there are fewer people needing it, so my mother doesn’t learn this skill. The paper-cutting art is losing in my family. But I was attracted by the delicate works, so I couldn’t wait to have a try.Grandma taught me how to make it patiently. I learnt the basic steps and skills of making paper cuttings. It wasn’t long before my works were “born”. Then eagerly (热切地), we put them up. With different designs on the windows, such as a monkey and t he Chinese character “Fu”, the room was filled with a festival atmosphere. I was satisfied with (对……满意) my first DIY work.To share our happiness with others, we called on(拜访) our next-door neighbours and gave them some of our paper cuttings. I felt proud (自豪的) when receiving their appreciation of our gifts.The paper cuttings must make this Spring Festival more special.26. The author’s (作者的) grandma is good at ________.A. paintingB. DIYC. potsD. Chinese paper cutting27. The author learned to make paper cuttings from his grandma, such as ________and the Chinese character “Fu”.A. a tigerB. a rabbitC. a dragonD. a monkey28. The author with his grandma gave some of their paper cuttings to the next-doorneighbours in order to ________.A. make them happyB. make himself feel proudC. make his grandma happyD. share their happiness with others29. The underlined word “appreciation” means “________” in Chinese.A. 礼物B. 兴奋C. 欣赏D. 不安30. Which is RIGHT according to the passage?A. The author visited his grandpa to learn the paper-cutting art.B. There are more and more people needing paper cuttings.C. It took the author a long time to make his DIY works.D. The paper cuttings must make this Spring Festival more special.四、词汇运用(每小题1分, 共10分)(A)用方框中所给单词的正确形式填空31. My father always ________ delicious meals for us every day.32. I can sing well, so I want to ________ the singing club.33. The old man is making lots of red ________ for New Year’s Day.34. Look at the photo! People are ________ the Spring Festival.35. My sister can sing and ________ very well.(B)根据汉语提示完成句子36. 明天要考试了, 但是他们还没有准备好。

2020-2021学年人教A版数学选修2-1课时作业：模块综合评估

模块综合评估时限：120分钟满分：150分一、选择题(本大题共12小题，每小题5分，共60分，在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合要求的)1．“(2x －1)x ＝0”是“x ＝0”的( B ) A ．充分不必要条件B ．必要不充分条件C ．充分必要条件D ．既不充分也不必要条件解析：由(2x －1)x ＝0可得x ＝12或x ＝0.因为“x ＝12或x ＝0”是“x ＝0”的必要不充分条件，所以“(2x －1)x ＝0”是“x ＝0”的必要不充分条件．2．命题“对任意的x ∈R ，x 3－x 2＋1≤0”的否定是( C )A ．不存在x 0∈R ，x 30－x 20＋1≤0 B ．存在x 0∈R ，x 30－x 20＋1≤0 C ．存在x 0∈R ，x 30－x 20＋1>0D ．对任意的x ∈R ，x 3－x 2＋1>0解析：先变换量词，再否定结论，即“∃x 0∈R ，x 30－x 20＋1>0”．3．下列命题中是假命题的是( B ) A ．∀x ∈⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫0，π2，x >sin xB ．∃x 0∈R ，sin x 0＋cos x 0＝2C ．∀x ∈R,3x >0D ．∃x 0∈R ，lg x 0＝0解析：本题主要考查全称命题、特称命题以及命题真假的判断，因为sin x 0＋cos x 0＝2sin ⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫x 0＋π4≤2，所以B 错误，故选B.4．与双曲线y 25－x 2＝1共焦点，且过点(1,2)的椭圆的标准方程为( C ) A.x 28＋y 22＝1 B.x 210＋y 24＝1 C.y 28＋x 22＝1D.y 210＋x 24＝1解析：本题主要考查双曲线、椭圆的标准方程．由题知，焦点在y 轴上，排除A ，B ，将(1,2)代入C ，D 可得C 正确，故选C.5．给出下列三个命题：①“全等三角形的面积相等”的否命题；②“若lg x 2＝0，则x ＝－1”的逆命题；③“若x ≠y 或x ≠－y ，则|x |≠|y |”的逆否命题．其中真命题的个数是( B ) A ．0 B ．1 C ．2 D ．3解析：本题考查四种命题的关系及真假判断．对于①，否命题是“不全等的三角形的面积不相等”，它是假命题；对于②，逆命题是“若x ＝－1，则lg x 2＝0”，它是真命题；对于③，逆否命题是“若|x |＝|y |，则x ＝y 且x ＝－y ”，它是假命题，故选B.6．如图，在正方体ABCD -A ′B ′C ′D ′中，M 是AB 的中点，则sin 〈DB ′→，CM →〉的值为( B )A.12B.21015C.23D.1115解析：建立如图所示的空间直角坐标系，设正方体的棱长为1，则D (0,0,0)，B ′(1,1,1)，C (0,1,0)，M ⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫1，12，0，所以DB ′→＝(1,1,1)，CM →＝⎝⎛⎭⎪⎫1，－12，0，cos 〈DB ′→，CM →〉＝DB ′→·CM →|DB ′→||CM→|＝123×52＝1515.所以sin 〈DB ′→，CM →〉＝21015.7．已知向量a ＝(－1,1,0)，b ＝(1,0,2)，且k a ＋b 与a －2b 互相垂直，则k ＝( D )A ．－114 B.15 C.35D.114解析：k a ＋b ＝(－k ＋1，k,2)，a －2b ＝(－3,1，－4)，由(k a ＋b )·(a －2b )＝3(k －1)＋k －8＝0，解得k ＝114.8．正方体ABCD -A 1B 1C 1D 1中，BB 1与平面ACD 1所成角的余弦值为( D )A.23B.33C.23D.63 解析：设正方体棱长为1. 建立空间直角坐标系如图．易知平面ACD 1的一个法向量为n ＝(1,1,1)，BB 1→＝(0,0,1)，∴cos 〈n ，BB 1→〉＝13＝33.∴BB 1与平面ACD 1所成角的余弦值为63.9.已知双曲线x 2a 2－y 2b 2＝1(a >0，b >0)，两渐近线的夹角为60°，则双曲线的离心率为( D )A.233B. 3 C ．2D.233或2解析：本题考查双曲线的简单几何性质的应用．根据题意，由于双曲线x 2a 2－y 2b 2＝1(a >0，b >0)的两渐近线的夹角为60°，则可知b a ＝3或b a ＝33，那么可知双曲线的离心率为e ＝1＋⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫b a 2＝2或233，故选D. 10．已知椭圆x 2a 2＋y 2b 2＝1(a >b >0)，双曲线x 2a 2－y 2b 2＝1和抛物线y 2＝2px (p >0)的离心率分别为e 1，e 2，e 3，则( C )A ．e 1e 2>e 3B ．e 1e 2＝e 3C ．e 1e 2<e 3D ．e 1e 2≥e 3解析：依题意可知，e 1＝a 2－b 2a ，e 2＝a 2＋b 2a ，e 3＝1，∴e 1e 2＝a 2－b 2a ·a 2＋b 2a ＝1－b 4a 4<1.∴e 1e 2<e 3.11．长方体ABCD -A 1B 1C 1D 1中，AB ＝2，AD ＝AA 1＝1，则二面角C 1-AB -C的大小为( D )A.π3B.2π3C.3π4D.π4解析：本题考查空间建系能力及二面角．以A 为原点，直线AB ，AD ，AA 1分别为x 轴、y 轴、z 轴建立空间直角坐标系，则平面ABC 的一个法向量为AA 1→＝(0,0,1)，平面ABC 1的一个法向量为A 1D →＝(0,1，－1)，∴cos 〈AA 1→，A 1D →〉＝－12＝－22，∴〈AA 1→，A 1D →〉＝3π4.又二面角C 1-AB -C 为锐角，故其大小为π－34π＝π4，故选D.12．若点P 为共焦点的椭圆C 1和双曲线C 2的一个交点，F 1，F 2分别是它们的左、右焦点，设椭圆的离心率为e 1，双曲线的离心率为e 2，若PF 1→·PF 2→＝0，则1e 21＋1e 22＝( B )A ．1B ．2C ．3D ．4解析：设椭圆的方程为x 2a 21＋y 2b 21＝1(a 1>b 1>0)，双曲线的方程为x 2a 22－y 2b 22＝1(a 2>0，b 2>0)，它们的半焦距为c ，不妨设P 为它们在第一象限的交点，因为PF 1→·PF 2→＝0，故|PF 1|2＋|PF 2|2＝|F 1F 2|2＝4c 2 ①.由椭圆和双曲线的定义知，⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧|PF 1|＋|PF 2|＝2a 1，|PF 1|－|PF 2|＝2a 2，解得|PF 1|＝a 1＋a 2，|PF 2|＝a 1－a 2，代入①式，得(a 1＋a 2)2＋(a 1－a 2)2＝4c 2，即a 21＋a 22＝2c 2，所以1e 21＋1e 22＝a 21c 2＋a 22c 2＝a 21＋a 22c 2＝2.二、填空题(本大题共4小题，每小题5分，共20分，请把答案填写在题中横线上)13．若命题p ：“∃x ∈R ，x 2＋(a －1)x ＋1≤0”为假命题，则实数a 的取值范围是(－1,3)．解析：本题主要考查特称命题的真假及参数取值范围的求解．由题意得綈p ∶∀x ∈R ，x 2＋(a －1)x ＋1>0，即关于x 的一元二次不等式x 2＋(a －1)x ＋1>0的解集为R ，由于命题p 是假命题，所以綈p 是真命题，所以Δ＝(a －1)2－4<0，解得－1<a <3，所以实数a 的取值范围是(－1,3)．14.如图，在正方体ABCD -A 1B 1C 1D 1中，M ，N 分别是棱CD ，CC 1的中点，则异面直线A 1M 与DN 所成的角的大小是90°.解析：如图，以D 为坐标原点，DA ，DC ，DD 1所在的直线分别为x 轴、y 轴、z 轴建立空间直角坐标系．设正方体的棱长为2，则D (0,0,0)，N (0,2,1)，M (0,1,0)，A 1(2,0,2)，所以DN →＝(0,2,1)，MA 1→＝(2，－1,2)，所以cos 〈DN →，MA 1→〉＝DN →·MA 1→|DN →||MA 1→|＝0，所以DN ⊥A 1M ，故异面直线A 1M 与DN所成的角的大小为90°.15．已知双曲线x 2a 2－y 2b 2＝1(a >0，b >0)的一条渐近线平行于直线l ：y ＝2x ＋10，双曲线的一个焦点在直线l 上，则双曲线的方程为x 25－y 220＝1.解析：由已知得ba ＝2，所以b ＝2a .在y ＝2x ＋10中令y ＝0得x ＝－5，故c ＝5，从而a 2＋b 2＝5a 2＝c 2＝25，所以a 2＝5，b 2＝20，所以双曲线的方程为x 25－y 220＝1.16．在平面直角坐标系xOy 中，已知椭圆C ：x 2a 2＋y 2b 2＝1(a >b >0)的离心率e ＝23，且椭圆C 上的点P 到点Q (0,2)的距离的最大值为3，则椭圆C的方程为x 23＋y 2＝1.解析：由e ＝ca ＝23，得c 2＝23a 2，所以b 2＝a 2－c 2＝13a 2.设P (x ，y )是椭圆C 上任意一点，则x 2a 2＋y 2b 2＝1，所以x 2＝a 2⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫1－y 2b 2＝a 2－3y 2.|PQ |＝x 2＋(y－2)2＝a 2－3y 2＋(y －2)2＝－2(y ＋1)2＋a 2＋6，当y ＝－1时，|PQ |有最大值a 2＋6.由a 2＋6＝3，可得a 2＝3，所以b 2＝1，故椭圆C 的方程为x 23＋y 2＝1.三、解答题(本大题共6小题，共70分．解答应写出文字说明，证明过程或演算步骤)17．(10分)已知集合A ＝{x |x 2－3x ＋2≤0}，集合B ＝{y |y ＝x 2－2x ＋a }，集合C ＝{x |x 2－ax －4≤0}，命题p ：A ∩B ＝∅，命题q ：A ⊆C .(1)若命题p 为假命题，求实数a 的取值范围； (2)若命题p ∧q 为假命题，求实数a 的取值范围．解：∵y ＝x 2－2x ＋a ＝(x －1)2＋a －1≥a －1，∴B ＝{y |y ≥a －1}，A ＝{x |x 2－3x ＋2≤0}＝{x |1≤x ≤2}，C ＝{x |x 2－ax －4≤0}．(1)由命题p 是假命题，可得A ∩B ≠∅，即得a －1≤2，∴a ≤3. (2)∵“p ∧q 为假命题”，则其反面为“p ∧q 为真命题”，∴p ，q 都为真命题，即A ∩B ＝∅且A ⊆C ，∴有⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧a －1>2，1－a －4≤0，4－2a －4≤0，解得a >3.∴实数a 的取值范围为a ≤3.18．(12分)四面体ABCD 及其三视图如图所示，过棱AB 的中点E 作平行于AD ，BC 的平面分别交四面体的棱BD ，DC ，CA 于点F ，G ，H .求直线AB 与平面EFGH 夹角θ的正弦值．解：由该四面体的三视图可知，BD ⊥DC ，BD ⊥AD ，AD ⊥DC ，BD ＝DC ＝2，AD ＝1.方法1：如图，以D 为坐标原点建立空间直角坐标系，则D (0,0,0)，A (0,0,1)，B (2,0,0)，C (0,2,0)，DA →＝(0,0,1)，BC →＝(－2,2,0)，BA →＝(－2,0,1)．设平面EFGH 的法向量n ＝(x ，y ，z )，∵EF ∥AD ，FG ∥BC ，∴n ·DA →＝0，n ·BC →＝0，得⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧z ＝0，－2x ＋2y ＝0，取n ＝(1,1,0)，∴sin θ＝|cos 〈BA →，n 〉|＝⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪BA →·n |BA →||n |＝25×2＝105. 方法2：如图，以D 为坐标原点建立空间直角坐标系，则D (0,0,0)，A (0,0,1)，B (2,0,0)，C (0,2,0)，∵E 是AB 的中点，∴F ，G 分别为BD ，DC 的中点，得E ⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫1，0，12，F (1,0,0)，G (0,1,0)．∴FE →＝⎝⎛⎭⎪⎫0，0，12，FG →＝(－1,1,0)，BA →＝(－2,0,1)．设平面EFGH 的法向量n ＝(x ，y ，z )，则n ·FE →＝0，n ·FG →＝0，得⎩⎨⎧12z ＝0，－x ＋y ＝0，取n ＝(1,1,0)，∴sin θ＝|cos 〈BA →，n 〉|＝⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪BA →·n |BA →||n |＝25×2＝105. 19．(12分)设数列{a n }的各项都不为零，求证：对任意n ∈N *且n ≥2，都有1a 1a 2＋1a 2a 3＋…＋1a n －1a n ＝n －1a 1a n 成立的充要条件是{a n }为等差数列．证明：(充分性)若{a n }为等差数列，设其公差为d ，则1a 1a 2＋1a 2a 3＋…＋1a n －1a n ＝1d ⎣⎢⎡⎦⎥⎤⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫1a 1－1a 2＋⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫1a 2－1a 3＋…＋⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫1a n －1－1a n＝1d ⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫1a 1－1a n ＝a n －a 1da 1a n ＝n －1a 1a n. (必要性)若1a 1a 2＋1a 2a 3＋…＋1a n －1a n ＝n －1a 1a n ，则1a 1a 2＋1a 2a 3＋…＋1a n －1a n ＋1a n a n ＋1＝na 1a n ＋1，两式相减得1a n a n ＋1＝na 1a n ＋1－n －1a 1a n ，即a 1＝na n －(n －1)a n ＋1 ①. 于是有a 1＝(n ＋1)a n ＋1－na n ＋2 ②，由①②得na n －2na n ＋1＋na n ＋2＝0，所以a n ＋1－a n ＝a n ＋2－a n ＋1(n ≥2)．又1a 1a 2＋1a 2a 3＝2a 1a 3，所以a 3－a 2＝a 2－a 1，所以对任意n ∈N *,2a n ＋1＝a n ＋2＋a n ，故{a n }为等差数列．20．(12分)在平面直角坐标系xOy 中，已知抛物线C ：y 2＝4x ，F 为其焦点，点E 的坐标为(2,0)，设M 为抛物线C 上异于顶点的动点，直线MF 交抛物线C 于另一点N ，连接ME ，NE 并延长分别交抛物线C 于点P ，Q .(1)当MN ⊥x 轴时，求直线PQ 与x 轴交点的坐标；(2)当直线MN ，PQ 的斜率存在且分别记为k 1，k 2时，求证：k 1＝2k 2. 解：(1)抛物线C ：y 2＝4x 的焦点为F (1,0)．当MN ⊥x 轴时，直线MN 的方程为x ＝1. 将x ＝1代入抛物线方程y 2＝4x ，得y ＝±2.不妨设M (1,2)，N (1，－2)，则直线ME 的方程为y ＝－2x ＋4，由⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧y ＝－2x ＋4，y 2＝4x ，解得x ＝1或x ＝4，于是得P (4，－4)．同理得Q (4,4)，所以直线PQ 的方程为x ＝4. 故直线PQ 与x 轴的交点坐标为(4,0)．(2)证明：设直线MN 的方程为x ＝my ＋1，并设M (x 1，y 1)，N (x 2，y 2)，P (x 3，y 3)，Q (x 4，y 4)，由⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧x ＝my ＋1，y 2＝4x ，得y 2－4my －4＝0，于是y 1y 2＝－4 ①，从而x 1x 2＝y 214·y 224＝1 ②.设直线MP 的方程为x ＝ty ＋2，由⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧x ＝ty ＋2，y 2＝4x ，得y 2－4ty －8＝0.所以y 1y 3＝－8 ③，x 1x 3＝4 ④. 同理y 2y 4＝－8 ⑤，x 2x 4＝4 ⑥.由①②③④⑤⑥，得y 3＝2y 2，x 3＝4x 2，y 4＝2y 1，x 4＝4x 1. 从而k 2＝y 4－y 3x 4－x 3＝2y 1－2y 24x 1－4x 2＝12·y 1－y 2x 1－x 2＝12k 1，即k 1＝2k 2.21．(12分)如图①所示，已知在长方形ABCD 中，AB ＝2AD ＝22，M 为DC 的中点，将△ADM 沿AM 折起，使得AD ⊥BM ，得如图②所示的几何体．(1)求证：平面ADM ⊥平面ABCM ；(2)是否存在满足BE →＝tBD →(0<t <1)的点E ，使得二面角E -AM -D 的大小为π4？若存在，求出相应的实数t ；若不存在，请说明理由．解：(1)证明：∵长方形ABCD 中，AB ＝2AD ＝22，M 为DC 的中点， ∴AM ＝BM ＝2，AM 2＋BM 2＝AB 2，∴BM ⊥AM . ∵AD ⊥BM ，AD ∩AM ＝A ，∴BM ⊥平面ADM . 又BM ⊂平面ABCM ，∴平面ADM ⊥平面ABCM .(2)设存在满足题意的点M ，使得二面角E -AM -D 的大小为π4.以M 为原点，MA 所在直线为x 轴，MB 所在直线为y 轴，过M 作平面ABCM 的垂线为z 轴，建立空间直角坐标系，如图，则A (2,0,0)，B (0,2,0)，D (1,0,1)，M (0,0,0)，MB →＝(0,2,0)，BD →＝(1，－2,1)，ME →＝MB →＋BE →＝(t,2－2t ，t )．设平面AME 的法向量为m ＝(x ，y ，z )，则⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧ MA →·m ＝0，ME →·m ＝0，即⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧2x ＝0，tx ＋(2－2t )y ＋tz ＝0，取y ＝t ，得m ＝(0，t,2t －2)．易知平面AMD 的一个法向量为n ＝(0,1,0)，又二面角E -AM -D 的大小为π4，∴cos π4＝|m ·n ||m |·|n |＝t t 2＋4(t －1)2＝22，解得t ＝23或t ＝2(舍)， ∴存在满足BE →＝tBD →(0<t <1)的点E ，使得二面角E -AM -D 的大小为π4，相应的实数t 的值为23.22.(12分)已知抛物线C 1：y 2＝4x 和C 2：x 2＝2py (p >0)的焦点分别为F 1，F 2，C 1，C 2交于O ，A 两点(O 为坐标原点)，且F 1F 2⊥OA .(1)求抛物线C 2的方程；(2)过点O 的直线交C 1的下半部分于点M ，交C 2的左半部分于点N ，点P 的坐标为(－1，－1)，求△PMN 面积的最小值．解：(1)设A (x 1，y 1)(x 1>0，y 1>0)，有⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧y 21＝4x 1，x 21＝2py 1①. 由题意知，F 1(1,0)，F 2⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫0，p 2，∴F 1F 2→＝⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫－1，p 2.∵F 1F 2⊥OA ，∴F 1F 2→·OA →＝0，即－x 1＋p 2y 1＝0，即py 1＝2x 1，将其代入①式得x 1＝4，y 1＝4，p ＝2，故抛物线C 2的方程为x 2＝4y .(2)设直线MN 的方程为y ＝kx (k <0)．联立⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧ y ＝kx ，y 2＝4x ，得M ⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫4k 2，4k ；联立⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧y ＝kx ，x 2＝4y ，得N (4k,4k 2)．从而|MN |＝1＋k 2⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪4k 2－4k ＝1＋k 2⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫4k 2－4k . 又点P (－1，－1)到直线MN 的距离d ＝|k －1|1＋k 2， ∴S △PMN ＝12·|k －1|1＋k 2·1＋k 2⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫4k 2－4k ＝2(1－k )(1－k 3)k 2＝2(1－k )2(1＋k ＋k 2)k 2＝2⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫k ＋1k －2⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫k ＋1k ＋1，令t ＝k ＋1k (t ≤－2)，∴S △PMN ＝2(t －2)(t ＋1)，易知当t ＝－2，即k ＝－1，即当过原点的直线方程为y ＝－x 时，△PMN 的面积取得最小值8.。

Module 10 The weather 综合素质评价

Module 10 The weather 综合素质评价(60分钟100分)一、单项选择(每小题1. 5分, 共15分)1. Which picture means “snowy” ?A. B. C. D.2. Please smile. I’ll take a photo ________ you two.A. inB. toC. atD. of3. I can’t find my pen. I ________ leave it in the book s tore, but I’m not sure.A. mightB. mustC. needD. have to4. Bob spends a lot of money on books ________ he is not rich.A. althoughB. orC. becauseD. and5. —I don’t like such TV programmes. They are too boring.—________. It’s a waste (浪费) of time.A. Me neitherB. I’m sorryC. The same to youD. That’s OK6. —Excuse me, how long ________ I keep these books?—A month. If you don’t return them on time, you have to pay a fine (交罚款).A. mustB. mayC. mustn’tD. may not7. Jim comes to visit us from time to time. That’s always the happiest time for the family. (同义替换)A. on timeB. sometimeC. at timesD. some times8. When the weather gets cooler, the green leaves ________ gold, then brown.A. becomeB. getC. turnD. go9. Would it be ________ for me to leave a message for her?A. ableB. possibleC. possiblyD. probably10. —I’m really tired. I have to stop running.—________, Jim. You can make it.A. Come onB. Take careC. Have funD. Good luck二、完形填空(每小题1. 5分, 共15分)Do you like sunny days? Some people like 11. ________ days, because they can go out to do what they like. And 12. ________ holidays or at weekends, they like going to the beach 13. ________ sunshine. It makes them 14. ________. But they don’15. ________ it rains. I like sunshine very much, 16. ________ I enjoy rain as well.On rainy days, I like to listen to music, dosomereadingorjust17. ________ of the window and day dream (做白日梦holiday. I 18. ________ to do my homework, or feel nervous about the exam. Sometimes, I will have a good rest and sleep when it rains.Sunshine can 19. ________ one run around and rain can make one quiet. Which do you like 20. ________? I hope you can have a good time whether it’s sunny or rainy.11. A. rainy B. snowy C. sunny D. cloudy12. A. from B. at C. on D. of13. A. enjoy B. enjoyed C. to enjoy D. enjoys14. A. happy B. sad C. angry D. dangerous15. A. after B. before C. until D. when16. A. so B. and C. or D. however17. A. look out B. look for C. look at D. look after18. A. don’t need B. need C. not need D. didn’t need19. A. ask B. bring C. take D. make20. A. good B. well C. better D. best三、阅读理解(每小题2 分, 共20 分)A[荣德原创]Good morning! Here’s the weather report for some big cities in America(美洲)on May 20.21. Which season might be in Ottawa now?A. Spring.B. Summer.C. Autumn.D. Winter.22. Which of the following might be the hottest in the weather report?A. Ottawa.B. Houston.C. New York.D. Rio de Janeiro.23. What’s the weather like in New York?a b c dA. a bB. b cC. a dD. c d24. What may you do if you are in Rio de Janeiro?A. Go skiing.B. Go swimming.C. Ride a bike.D. Drive to school.25. What can we know from the passage?A. It’s best to wear cool clothes if you are in Ottawa.B. Houston is warm with the temperature above 13℃ .3C. The people in New York like windy days.D. It is often rainy and very cold in summer in Rio de Janeiro.答案21—25B [2022·湖南衡阳改编]A big sandstorm hit northern China several months ago. It covered many cities with thick clouds of yellow dust ( 尘土).The storm came from Mongolia. It was the largest sandstorm in China in the past 10 years. Many flights and classes were canceled because the visibility ( 能见度) was lower than 500 meters.The storm was the result of warm and dry weather in the area, together with the strong winds from Mongolia. “There has been little rainfall so far this spring and the temperature is rising. So now it is a worrying time for sandstorms,”said an expert from Beijing.In recent years, sandstorms haven’t been as common in northern China as before. The land with desertification (沙漠化) has been falling by 7, 585 km2per year in China, and the area of sandy land has been decreasing by 1, 284 km2 a year. This is thanks to China’s Three-North Shelter Forest Program (TNSFP 三北防护林工程) which started in the 1970s. Millions of trees have been planted in northern China to prevent sandstorms and protect the environment.Besides, China has a color-graded weather warning system ( 预警系统) for sandstorms, with red meaning the most serious, followed by orange and yellow. Therefore, people would have time to get prepared for the sandstorm.Sandstorm ＜1 kilometerSevere sandstorm ＜500 metersSuper severe sandstorm ＜50 meters26. What caused the sandstorm from Mongolia?A. Cold and wet weather together with the strong winds.B. Warm and dry weather together with the strong winds.C. Warm and wet weather together with the strong winds.D. Warm and wet weather together with the heavy rain.27. The underlined word “decreasing” means“________”.A. going upB. putting downC. going downD. putting up28. When did TNSFP start?A. In the 1970s.B. In the 1980s.C. In the 1940s.D. In the 1990s.29. If the visibility in your city is 700 meters, what color will the warning be?A. Red.B. Orange.C. Blue.D. Yellow.30. What can we infer (推断) from the passage?A. We have taken some actions to prevent sandstorms.B. Sandstorms have never changed.C. The weather is getting worse and worse.D. The weather is getting colder and colder.四、词汇运用(每小题1. 5 分, 共15 分)A)用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。

2025年外研版六年级下册英语Module10综合检测试卷及答案

A. sad
B. angry C. excited
( A ) 2. It’s twelve. It’s time ________ lunch.
A. to have
B. have
C. having
点拨：It’s time to do... 意为“做⋯⋯的时间到了”，是固定句型。
( C ) 3. Simon is an American boy. He ________ only very
点拨：句意：今年夏天北方没有下很多的雨。所以池塘里的水很少。
七连词成句。(10 分)
1. should each we help other (.) __W_e__s_h_o_u_ld__h_e_lp__e_ac_h__o_th_e_r_. _____
2. I at the time very same am happy (,) (.) __A__t _th_e__sa_m__e_t_im__e_,_I_a_m__v_e_r_y_h_a_p_p_y_. ___
B. September C. Saturday
( A ) 5. A. sometime B. study
C. say
六单项选择。(10 分)
( C ) 1. In this photo, Shenzhou-19 is flying into space.
We’re very ________.
( A ) 2. It’s a ________ and ________ school.
A. big; beautiful B. small; beautiful
C. big; interesting
( A ) 3. Liu Xin is going to school ________.

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模块综合测评（时间：90分钟满分：100分）一、选择题（本题包括16小题，每小题3分，共48分，每小题只有一个选项符合题意。

）1．下列有关化学用语的说法不正确的是()A．—OH与都表示羟基B．如图是氯化钠晶体的晶胞C．CH4分子的球棍模型：D．基态Fe原子的外围电子排布图为解析NaCl的晶胞如图所示：，故B错误。

答案 B2．X元素的原子最外层电子排布为(n＋1)s n(n＋1)p n＋1，下列关于该元素及其化合物的叙述不正确的是()A．X的气态氢化物受热易分解B．X的最高价氧化物对应的水化物是一种强酸C．X的第一电离能比其左右相邻的两种元素的第一电离能都要大D．X是植物生长所需要的一种营养元素解析根据原子的最外层电子排布式知n＝2，所以该元素为磷。

磷元素最高价氧化物对应的水化物是一种中强酸，B项错；P的第一电离能大于Si和S，C项正确。

答案 B3．下表是元素周期表的一部分。

表中所列的字母分别代表某一种化学元素。

下列说法正确的是()A．沸点：A2D＜A2XB．CA3分子是非极性分子C．C形成的单质中σ键与π键个数之比为1∶2D．B、C、D形成的最简单气态氢化物互为等电子体解析根据各元素在周期表中的位置知，A为氢元素、B为碳元素、C为氮元素、D为氧元素、X为硫元素、Y为氯元素。

A2D为H2O、A2X为H2S，H2O能形成分子间氢键，故沸点：H2O＞H2S，A项错误；CA3即NH3是极性分子，B项错误；1个N2分子中有1个σ键、2个π键，C项正确；B、C、D的最简单氢化物分别是CH4、NH3、H2O，微粒中原子数不同，不互为等电子体，D项错误。

答案 C4.关于下列分子的说法不正确的是（）A.既有σ键又有π键B.O—H键的极性强于C—H键的极性C.是极性分子D.该物质的分子之间不能形成氢键，但它可以与水分子间形成氢键解析该分子中含有—OH，分子之间能形成氢键，D项不正确。

答案 D5.对下表中的陈述，解释不合理的是（）选项陈述解释A 石墨能导电石墨中有金属键B 自然界碳氢化合物比硅氢化合物种C—H键键能比Si—H键键能大，类多得多C—H键更稳定，更容易形成C 干冰熔点比SiO2低，硬度也比SiO2小相对分子质量：CO2＜SiO2D NH3分子中的键角小于109°28′斥力：孤电子对与σ电子对＞σ电子对与σ电子对解析C项的解释应为CO2是分子晶体，SiO2是原子晶体。

答案 C6.下列各组微粒的空间构型相同的是（）①NH3和H2O②NH＋4和H3O＋③NH3和H3O＋④O3和SO2⑤CO2和BeCl2⑥SiO4－4和SO2－4⑦BF3和Al2Cl6A.全部B.除④⑥⑦以外C.③④⑤⑥D.②⑤⑥解析等电子体一般具有相同的空间构型。

原子总数相同、价电子总数或最外层电子总数相同的粒子称为等电子体。

NH3和H3O＋、O3和SO2、SiO4－4和SO2－4、CO2和BeCl2均互为等电子体，故选③④⑤⑥。

答案 C7.下列各项叙述中不正确的是（）A.无机含氧酸HClO、H2SO3、HNO3的酸性逐渐增强B.Cr、Mn、Fe三种元素基态原子的未成对电子数逐渐增多C.CaF2、NaCl、CsCl三种晶体中阴离子的配位数逐渐增大D.三种有机物的沸点逐渐升高解析Cr、Mn、Fe的基态原子核外未成对电子数分别为6、5、4，B项不正确。

答案 B8.有机化学试剂氨基氰（如图所示）常用于制备磺胺类药物、抗癌药等。

下列有关说法正确的是（）A.既有酸性也有碱性B.既能溶于水，又能溶于乙醇C.分子内σ键与π键数目之比为1∶1D.分子中所有原子共面解析氨基氰分子中只有显碱性的官能团（一NH2），没有显酸性的官能团，A 错误；氨基氰分子是极性分子，根据“相似相溶”原理，它能溶于水和乙醇中，B正确；氨基氰分子内σ键与π键数目之比为2∶1.C错误；氨基氰分子中左边的N原子与周围的两个H原子和一个C，原子构成三角锥形，因此分子中所有原子不可能共平面，D错误答案 B9.下列有关说法不正确的是（）A.C3H8中碳原子都采用的是sp3杂化B.O2、CO2、N2都是非极性分子C.酸性：H2CO3＜H3PO4＜H2SO4＜HClOD.CO的一种等电子体为NO＋，它的电子式为[∶N⋮⋮O∶]＋解析HClO的酸性比H2CO3的酸性还弱。

答案 C10.氯化钠、氯化铯、二氧化碳和二氧化硅的晶体结构如下图所示：下列关于这些晶体结构和性质的叙述不正确的是（）A.同一主族的元素与另一相同元素所形成的化学式相似的物质不一定具有相同的晶体结构B.氯化钠、氯化铯和二氧化碳的晶体的晶胞结构都是立方体，它们具有相似的物理性质C.二氧化碳晶体是分子晶体，其中不仅存在分子间作用力，而且也存在共价键D.在二氧化硅晶体中，平均每个Si原子形成4个Si—O共价单键解析SiO2和CO2的化学式相似，但其晶体结构不同，A项正确。

二氧化碳为分子晶体，分子间存在分子间作用力，分子内部碳原子和氧原子间形成共价键；氯化钠和氯化铯为离子晶体，所以三者物理性质不同，B项错误、C项正确。

根据二氧化硅的结构可判断D项正确。

答案 B11.S2Cl2少量泄漏会产生窒息性气体，喷水雾可减慢其挥发，并产生酸性悬浊液。

其分子结构如图所示。

下列关于S2Cl2的说法中错误的是（）A.S2Cl2为非极性分子B.分子中既含有极性键又含有非极性键C.与S2Br2结构相似，熔、沸点S2Br2＞S2Cl2D.与水反应的化学方程式可能为2S2Cl2＋2H2O===SO2↑＋3S↓＋4HCl解析根据S2Cl2的分子结构可知，它属于极性分子，故A错误；B正确；由于S2Cl2与S2Br2的结构相似，且相对分子质量：S2Br2＞S2Cl2，故C正确；由S2Cl2少量泄漏会产生窒息性气体，喷水雾可减慢挥发，并产生酸性悬浊液，知其与水反应的化学方程式可能为2S2Cl2＋2H2O===SO2↑＋3S↓＋4HCl，故D正确。

答案 A12.“类推”是一种重要的学习方法，但有时会产生错误的结论，下列类推结论正确的是（）A.NaCl晶体中只含有离子键，则MgCl2晶体中也只含有离子键B.第ⅣA族元素氢化物的沸点顺序是GeH4＞SiH4＞CH4，则第ⅤA族元素氢化物的沸点顺序是AsH3＞PH3＞NH3C.晶体中有阴离子，必有阳离子，则晶体中有阳离子，必有阴离子D.干冰（CO2）是分子晶体，则SiO2也是分子晶体解析B项，NH3分子之间存在氢键，沸点高于AsH3；C项，金属晶体中只有阳离子，没有阴离子；D项，SiO2为原子晶体。

答案 A13.下面关于晶体的说法不正确的是A.晶体熔点由低到高：CF4＜CCl4＜CBr4＜CI4B.硬度由大到小：金刚石＞碳化硅＞晶体硅C.熔点由高到低：Na＞Mg＞AlD.晶格能由大到小：NaF＞NaCl＞NaBr＞NaI解析A项，分子晶体熔点由低到高的顺序为CF4＜CCl4＜CBr4＜CI4；B项，对于原子晶体，原子半径越小，共价键越强，硬度越大，故硬度由大到小为金刚石＞碳化硅＞晶体硅；C项，对于金属晶体，原子半径越小，价电子数越多，金属键越强，熔、沸点越高，故熔点由高到低：Al＞Mg＞Na；D项，对于离子晶体，离子所带电荷数相同时，离子半径越小，晶格能越大，故晶格能由大到小：NaF ＞NaCl＞NaBr＞NaI。

答案 C14.在半导体生产或灭火剂的使用中，会向空气逸散气体，如NF3、CHClFCF3、C3F8，它们虽是微量的，有些却是强温室气体，下列推测不正确的是（）A.熔点：NF3＞C3F8B.CHClFCF3存在手性异构C.C3F8在CCl4中的溶解度比在水中大D.由价层电子对互斥理论可确定NF3中N原子是sp3杂化，分子呈三角锥形解析C3F8和NF3均为分子晶体，C3F8的相对分子质量大于NF3，故熔点C3F8高于NF3，A项错误；CHClFCF3的结构简式可写为，其中含有一个手性碳原子，B项正确；根据“相似相溶”规律，C3F8易溶于CCl4，C项正确；NF3的价层电子对数为4，且含有1对孤电子对，故分子呈三角锥形，D项正确。

答案 A15.下列叙述中正确的是（）A.一切四面体空间构型的分子内键角均为109°28′B.Cu（OH）2能溶于过量氨水形成[Cu（NH3）4]2＋，中心离子为Cu2＋，配体是NH3C.任何晶体，若含阳离子也一定含阴离子D.水分子稳定是因为水分子间存在氢键作用解析四面体结构的白磷的键角是60°，A项错误；金属晶体中含金属阳离子和自由电子，不含阴离子，C项错误；水分子稳定是由于O—H键的键能较大，D 项错误。

答案 B16.二茂铁[（C5H5）2Fe]的发现是有机金属化合物研究中具有里程碑意义的事件，它开辟了有机金属化合物研究的新领域。

已知二茂铁的熔点是1 73 ℃（在100 ℃以上能升华），沸点是249 ℃，不溶于水，易溶于苯、乙醚等有机溶剂。

下列说法不正确的是（）A.二茂铁属于分子晶体B.在二茂铁中，C5H－5与Fe2＋之间形成的化学键类型是离子键C.已知环戊二烯的结构式为，则其中仅有1个碳原子采取sp3杂化D.C5H－5中一定含有π键解析根据二茂铁的物理性质，如熔点低、易升华、易溶于有机溶剂等，可知二茂铁为分子晶体，A项正确；碳原子含有孤电子对，铁离子含有空轨道，故二者形成配位键，B项错误；1号碳原子含有4个σ键，无孤电子对，杂化类型为sp3，2、3、4、5号碳原子有3个σ键，无孤电子对，杂化类型为sp2，因此仅有1个碳原子采取sp3杂化，C项正确；C5H－5中碳原子没有达到饱和，故存在碳碳双键，而碳碳双键中只有一个σ键，另一个必然为π键，D项正确。

答案 B二、非选择题（本题包括4个小题，共52分）17.（14分）圆明园十二生肖兽首都是用铜质材料铸造而成的，我国铜的应用与冶炼由来已久，西汉刘安的《淮南万毕术》中有“曾青得铁则化为铜”，这是湿法冶金的雏形。

（1）基态铁原子的电子排布式为；基态的Fe2＋有个未成对电子。

（2）向硫酸铜溶液中滴加过量的氨水可形成[Cu（NH3）4]SO4深蓝色溶液。

①Cu2＋和NH3之间形成的化学键称为，提供孤电子对的原子是（填名称）。

②[Cu（NH3）4]SO4中阴离子的立体构型是。

③氨的沸点（填“高于”“低于”或“等于”）膦（PH3）的，原因是___________________________________________________________；PH3是分子（填“极性”或“非极性”），中心原子的轨道杂化类型为。

（3）铁和铜都是晶体（填“离子”“分子”“原子”或“金属”）；Fe 的第三电离能（I3）、第四电离能（I4）分别为2 957 kJ·mol－1、5 290 kJ·mol－1，I4≫I3的原因是___________________________________________________________。