Unit8 Employment_ppt

Unit 8 EmploymentPart ACommunicative Function Expressing ApologiesWe make apologies for various reasons, such as being late, causing inconvenience, dialing the wrong number, rendering bad service, etc. This part focuses on expressing apologies.Listen to the conversations and write down the reasons why an apology is made in each case.1. Because he dialed the wrong number.2. Because she was late for work. She overslept.3. Because he didn't notify her earlier about quitting.4. Because he couldn't hire the woman.Script1. --Mr. Power's office.--Could I speak to Steve?--Steve? Nobody by that name works here. You've dialed the wrong number.--I’m sorry.Q: Why did the man say sorry?2. --I'm sorry I was late for work, Mr. Smith, but I overslept.--How come, Linda?--My alarm clock didn't work this morning.--Well, it's OK this time. But it's disturbing the rest of your colleagues, you know.--Yes, I know. I won't let it happen again. I'm sorry.--That's all right.Q: Why did Linda say sorry?3. --I heard that John quit his job this morning.--How do you know that?--I overheard him talking to Ms. Jones when I passed by the office. She was very annoyedabout it.--What did John say to her?--He apologized again and again for not notifying her earlier.Q: Why did John apologize to Ms. Jones?4. --Mr. Baker, I can speak two foreign languages and I'm friendly on the phone. I'm the rightperson for the job as a secretary, I think.--But you've only just finished school and don't have any office experience. I'm sorry.Q: Why did Mr. Baker say sorry?Useful Expressions for Making and Accepting an ApologyApologizingI'm (awfully) sorry (I'm late again).●I do apologize for (what I've done).●I must apologize for (having taken up so much of your time).●Sorry to have kept you waiting.●I hope you won’t mind (waiting a little longer).●Please forgive me for (not keeping my promise).●Sorry, it's my fault.●I really didn't mean (to hurt your feelings).●I’m awfully sorry t o (have given you so much trouble).Accepting Apologies●You don’t need to apologize.●You don’t have to say sorry. I quite understand.●Don’t worry. It can happen to anyone.●You couldn’t help it.●We all make mistakes.●It’s quite all right. Forget it.●It doe sn’t matter.●Please don’t blame yourself.Notes1.Generally speaking an apology consists of two parts. 1) a simple apologetic statement of whatone has done wrong, e.g. “I’m sorry I’m late”; 2) an explanation, e.g. “I overslept.”2.There are various ways to respond to an apology.Formal responses are: 1) That’s quite all right; 2) I understand; 3) It can happen to anyone; 4) It’s not your fault, etc.Informal responses are: 1) It’s OK; 2) That’s OK; 3) Don’t worry about it; 4) Forget it; 5) Never mind; 6) It doesn’t matter, etc.Listening StrategyIdentifying the Speaker’s JobThe ability to identify what the speaker does is an important skill in listening comprehension. Notice that the recording does not say exactly what the speaker’s job is but we can find this out from the context.You’re going to hear three speakers. Guess what the speakers do. Choose the right answers.1.a. A travel agent.b. A tour guide.c.An airhostess.d. A waitress.2.a. A salesman.b. A grocer.c. A farmer.d. A clerk in a grocery store.3.a.An operator.b. A clerk.c. A secretary.d. A receptionist.Script1.I’m Laura smith. I find my job very interesting. It’s good for me because I’m crazy abouttraveling and flying. And I enjoy serving others. I’ve been to many countries and I like my uniform a lot.What does Laura do?2.My name is Tim Black. I’m busy all day. Many people come to my store to buy vegetablesand fruits because everything sold in my store is fresh.What is Tim Black’s job?3.My name is Sarah Johnson. I work at the Dean’s office. I do filing, check e-mails, answerphone calls and so on. When a day’s work is over I’m worn out.What does Sarah do?Part BPre-listening TaskQuestions for DiscussionYou are going to talk about jobs and careers. Read the following questions and discuss them with your partner.1.What kind of career would you like to follow after you graduate?2.What attracts you to that career?3.What factors are most important in a job for you?4.Which is more important to you: a job with a high salary or a job with low stress?5.What do your parents do? Would you like to follow in their footsteps? Why and why not?6.Why do some laid-off workers find it hard to get work?Demo1. What kind of career would you like to follow after you graduate?Well, I haven't decided yet. In my mind my career and my future jobs should have a close relationship with my major. That means, after graduation, I can apply what I have learned in college to my future jobs. I may choose a career that will benefit both society and my family, for example, a research job with a handsome pay. Or teaching might be a good choice for me too. In the future, no matter what career I may follow, I will do my best and my parents will be proud of me.3. What factors are most important in a job for you?Different people may have different preferences. Generally speaking, when we apply for a job, we have to first ask ourselves whether we really like the job or not. Or what jobs are suitable for us. Well, in our society today, people become more practical. Money is important in this high-cost society, so salary might be the first consideration to most people who need to support their families. Secondly, fixed working hours might be the second important factor, because most people want to relax on weekends and enjoy themselves.Language FocusHere are some useful sentences and structures that you might find handy in discussing the above questions:●I’d like to be a/an biologist/physician/surgeon musician/ artist/ diplomat/ photographer/interpreter/college professor/civil engineer/lawyer/programmer/ librarian / financial planner / real estate agent / social worker / accountant / architect /entrepreneur/ businessman, etc./●I can travel to a lot of interesting places if I work as a sales manager.●I like kids / teaching and that's why I want to become a school teacher.●Education / Science and technology / Social stability / International trade, etc., is of vitalimportance / essential to the development of our country, so I want to have a career i n…●I admire scientists / doctors / teachers / businessmen, etc., so I want to be one of them.●I think I’m suitable for this job because I'm not afraid of / ready to face any challenges. Whatmatter(s) most to me is / are a friendly atmosphere / an understanding boss / comfortable working environment / handsome pay / challenging tasks / good prospects of promotion.●My father / mother is / used to be a …and I would like to follow in his / her footsteps.●I’d like to go my own way and live a life that is enti rely different from that of my parents.●I think work is only part of my life and not everything.● A job with a high salary tends to be stressful/ exhausting.●I think being happy and healthy are more important than having lots of money.●It is hard for people who lack necessary skills/are too picky to find satisfactory work.●People who don’t have necessary qualifications/ fail to keep up with the development of theirsubjects/ stop updating their knowledge or skill/ neglect their duties are likely/ tend to lose their jobs.●Companies that are ill managed / can't compete with others / fail to adapt themselves tochange lose business and their employees suffer.Listening TasksA PassageA Steady JobWord Bankconscientious a. dutiful 尽职的flaw n. defect 缺点，瑕疵clumsy a. awkward and ungraceful 笨拙的spoil v. to ruin 搞坏warehouse n. a building for storing goods 仓库furnishings n. articles of furniture 家具unpack v. to open and remove the contents of a package 打开并取出merchandise n. goods 货物，商品assign v. to designate 指定temporary a. lasting only for a short time临时的，暂时的Fragile a. easily broken, breakable 易碎的trip v. to stumble 绊倒crash n. a sudden loud noise 突然发生的巨响shatter v. to break into pieces (使)破碎deduct v. to take away from a total 扣除，减去grin n. a wide smile 咧嘴的笑steady a. stable 稳定的ScriptA Steady JobFred, a very conscientious worker, had one serious flaw: he was clumsy. The poor boy spoiled everything he did and for that reason could never keep a job. He'd had many jobs over the years but only for a few weeks at a time. For six months, Fred was out of employment. Finally, he got a job in a warehouse where many different types of home furnishings were stored. Fred's job was to unpack the merchandise that had newly arrived from the factory and put each item in its assigned place. The work was only temporary, but after so long with no employment at all it was better than nothing.One morning Fred unpacked a large and quite fragile vase. He picked it up to carry across the warehouse. But he had only walked two steps and he tripped. There was a loud crash as the vase fell from Fred's hands and shattered into a thousand pieces.Fred was called immediately to the manager's office, and he was sure he would be fired. The young man's spirits began to drop."I'll have to deduct something from your wages every week until the vase is paid for," the manager said sternly.“How much is the vase worth?” Fred asked.“$350.”A wide grin spread across the young man’s face. “That’s wonderful!” he shouted happily. “At last I have a steady job!”Language and Culture Notes1. Background information In present day Western society, the job market is very competitive. To get and, more importantly, to keep a good job, you have to have a university degree, experience in a particular field of work, necessary skills and training and readiness to upgrade your knowledge and skills. Even for low-pay jobs, in the text, the story of Fred, the clumsy young man, is just such a case. His job as a warehouse worker may well come to an abrupt end once the broken vase is paid for, leaving his dream of having a steady job to crumble.2. furnishings Articles of furniture and things such as curtains and carpets, and decorations such as pictures3. to deduct something from your wages every week To take away a part of your wages to pay for (the vase). Note the difference between "wages" and "salary". "Wages" are the money paid each week to an employee, usually for manual or unskilled work. The income of professional and office workers is usually paid monthly and is referred to as a "salary".4. A wide grin spread across the young man's face. The young man had a broad smile, showing his teeth.Exercise 1: Listening for general understandingListen to the recording once and choose the right answers to the questions you hear.1. What does the story mainly tell us?a. What Fred did.b. Where Fred worked.c. How clumsy Fred was.d. How Fred found a steady job.2. What can be inferred from the story?a. Fred would never lose his job again.b. It was difficult for Fred to find a steady job.c. Fred did not like his earlier jobs.d. The manager was a kind-hearted man.3. Which of the following is not appropriate to describe Fred?a. Poor.b. Clumsy.c. Humorous.d. Conscientious.Exercise 2: Listening for detailsListen to the recording again and answer the following questions by completing the sentence under each question.1.Why couldn’t Fred keep any job for long?He was clumsy and spoiled everything he did.2.Where did Fred finally get a job?In a warehouse.3. What did he do there?He unpacked the goods that had newly arrived from the factory and put them in assigned places.4. What happened one morning?Fred broke a large vase.5. How much did the vase cost?$350.6. What did the manager decide to do to punish Fred?To deduct something from Fred's weekly wages until the vase was paid for.7. Why did Fred feel happy when he heard that the vase he had broken was worth a lot?As it would take a long time to deduct $350 from his wages, he could keep his job while he was paying for what he had broken.Speaking TasksPair WorkListen to the conversations and repeat after the recording. Practise the conversations with your partner, playing the role of A or B. Then create your own conversations by replacing the underlined parts with your own words.Part CAdditional ListeningA Passage Mark HillA. Listen to the passage and answer the following questions by filling in the blanks.1)Where does Mark Hill work?He works on some of the busiest motorways in Britain.2)How many accidents do the traffic police on each shift have to deal with?On average they have to deal with three to four accidents.3)Why do accidents happen according to Mark Hill?Because people drive too fast, which is the cause of most accidents, and because people sometimes do n’t follow the rules.4)Why does Mark Hill like his job?He likes his job because it gives him a varied working day.B. Arrange the following events in correct order. The first event has been numbered.___4__ The traffic police must restore the flow of traffic.___2__ The traffic police must deal with the injured.___1__ The traffic police must be on the scene as soon as possible in case of an accident.___3___ The traffic police must clear the road.ScriptMark HillMark Hill is a traffic police officer in Watford near London. He works on some of the busiest motorways in Britain, the M1 and the M25.There are traffic police on duty twenty-four hours a day. There are three shifts, and each shift is eight hours. On average they have to deal with three or four accidents each shift. Here is Mark Hill talking about his job.“We deal with anyone in the accident who is injured. That’s the first thing. Then we have to clear the road and get the traffic moving again.“Most accidents happen because people drive too fast---especially when the roads are wet. Sometimes we get accidents that occur because drivers don’t follow the rules. For example, I’ve seen a number of cases of drivers overtaking on the left. That’s illegal in Britain. If you want to overtake, you have to go into the fast lane on the right.“Not everyone can use a motorway in Britain. People that ride a bicycle or a small motorbike are not allowed to use it.“I like my job. I have a varied working day---I never know what I’m going to do from o ne day to the next. And I meet all kinds of people. I don’t think there’s any other job that can give you the experience.”Movie TimeWatch a video clip. After watching it, choose the right answer to each of the following questionsWord Bankunacknowledged adj. 不被承认的vicious adj.恶劣的；邪恶的whine vi. 埋怨Halston （人名）Roy Halston Frowick 美国著名设计师Lagerfeld （人名）Karl Lagerfeld 国际时装设计师De La Renta （人名）Oscar De La Renta 著名设计师beacon n. 灯塔Rhode Island （美国地名）罗德州岛Runway 电影里虚构的时尚杂志名。