2018年江苏省镇江市中考英语试题及参考答案(word解析版)
2018年江苏省镇江市中考英语试题及参考答案与解析
（满分90分，考试时间100分钟）
一、单项选择（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．
1．Hawking，one of _____most famous scientists，passed away in March．（）
A．a B．an C．the D．不填
2．My classmate Daniel dressed up _____the e-dog Hobo in today's English class．（）A．as B．of C．at D．to
3．There ______a coffee shop at the corner of the street．The coffee there tastes nice．（）A．is B．are C．has D．have
4．I couldn't believe the take away man can remember so many classical poems ______I saw him on TV．（）
A．since B．until C．if D．when
5．-I missed last night's Everlasting Classics（《经典咏流传》）！
-You _____care．You can watch it online later．（）
A．mustn't B．can't C．may not D．needn't
6．Some volunteers plan to_____ a survey about the school finishing time．（）
A．find out B．sell out C．take out D．carry out
7．Though Mr．Li _____his hometown for over ten years，he misses his old friends from time to time．（）
A．has left B．has been away from C．was away from D．left
8．-I hear there will be a Peppa Pig Theme Park in Shanghai．
-______big surprise!（）
A．What a B．What C．How D．How a
9．-An AI robot _____in our school dining hall next term．
-I'm looking forward to it．（）
A．will use B．will be used C．is used D．was used
10．-Yuan Longping's _____to our country is amazing．
-I agree．He and his team even start to plant saltwater rice．（）
A．celebration B．conversation C．contribution D．collection
11．-What's wrong with your forehead（前额）？
-I knocked my head on the tree while I _____my dog．（）
A．walked B．was walking C．has walked D．am walking
12．-When in Rome，do as the Romans do．We should behave_____ when travelling a broad．-That's quite true．（）
A．probably B．hardly C．highly D．properly
13．Which of the following words is formed like "homework"？（）
A．inventor B．raincoat C．dishonest D．careless
14．-May I pay the bill through WeChat？
-______．Please scan the QR code（二维码）on the wall．（）
A．I'd like to B．I'm afraid not C．Of course you can D．Never mind
15．-Our graduation party will be on June 28．
-That's wonderful! Could you tell me______？（）
A．if all of our teachers joined us B．where will it be held
C．who will give the performances D．that we should wear school uniforms
二、完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项．When we think of friends，we usually think of those who have been in our life for a long time．16 ，there is another type of friend-one that has not been with us for a long period of time．But 17 our mind at some moment．
The first such friend I remember is the little girl with red curly hair．She was in the bed next to 18 when I received an operation on my nose．She was about two years older，more 19 and braver．She would jump out of bed whenever the nurse was gone．Her two little feet on the cold floor
20 me．Without her，I would have been alone and afraid．
Two years later，I was sent to a nursery school 21 my parents were far too busy．There，I met a foreign girl．We both were the oldest in that school；the others were babies who were not able to talk with us．Our 22 started with so-called（所谓的）competitions．Although we couldn't speak to each other in the same language，our 23 was made by trying to beat（击败）each other-at drawing，at game，even at eating．Our competitions，I think，gave me 24 I could control．And maybe I gave her the same．We got through a difficult time together．
Such friends often support us when our life is off balance．A word，a smile，even a similar scene can bring back memories about them．25 ，the warmth rises in our heart when we think of them．And silently，we thank them and wish them well．
16．A．In the end B．In general C．In fact D．In all
17．A．closes B．clears C．trains D．fills
18．A．his B．hers C．mine D．yours
19．A．active B．modest C．creative D．careful
20．A．reminded B．satisfied C．protected D．impressed
21．A．unless B．till C．although D．because
22．A．wisdom B．friendship C．dream D．energy
23．A．invitation B．communication C．suggestion D．decision
24．A．something B．anything C．everything D．nothing
25．A．Luckily B．Naturally C．Surprisingly D．Hopefully
三、阅读理解（共10小题：每小题2分，满分20分）
阅读下面的三篇短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项．
A
Would you like to improve yourself？Would you like to be a better person？Good news! Here
we've got some tips for you．
Tip 1Be Kind
Remember to be kind to yourself．You can do simple things to take care of yourself，like getting enough sleep to make yourself energetic．If you don't do like that，you will not bring anything good to anyone else．When you decide to show more kindness to yourself and to others，life changes quickly in a better way．
Tip 2Be Encouraging
It's amazing what a kind word or touch can do．When I was a kid，I went to a lot of schools．It always made me scared，and I was very nervous and unsure of myself．One time，a teacher touched my head and said，smiling，"Don't worry-you'll have a good time with us in this classroom．" I still remember my teacher's words．
All of us may come across some trouble in our life，and a bit of encouragement can be remembered for years．
Tip 3
When my sister and I were kids，my mum didn't have a car and our school was a 30-minute walk．Our neighbor offered to drive us to school when she dropped her son off，and that saved my mother a lot of time．Giving help to others can bring you happiness．
When thinking about how to become a better person，remember that small changes are also important．But "be kind to yourself" comes first．As the old saying goes，"You can't pour from an empty cup．" So in order to be a person who can give more love to this world，you have to fall in love with yourself first．
26．The underlined word "It" in Tip 2refers to （指代）．
A．going to a lot of schools B．getting along with classmates
C．talking with the teacher D．staying in the classroom
27．What can be the best title for Tip 3？
A．Be Helpful B．Be Polite C．Be Outgoing D．Be Honest
28．The sentence "You can't pour from an empty cup．" in the last paragraph means " ．" A．To encourage others，smile to them often
B．To become a better person，start with small changes
C．To give more love to the world，be kind to yourself first
D．To make friends with neighbors，drive their kids to school
B
The number of the foreigners who work in China has increased greatly during the past ten years．
A Canadian called Nikk Mitchell and his team are running after their dreams in China．The team is thinking about mixing the Chinese calligraphy（书法）with the virtual reality（虚拟现实，VR）technology．He set up the company FXG in 2017and now has a team of over 30workers．The company lies in Dream Town．Hangzhou entrepreneurial parks（创业园）that offer free workspaces and other services．
Following his dream to discover the world，Mitchell arrived in China in 2006at the age of 18．Six years later．he was amazed by a VR video he saw online，and decided to work in this field．Shortly after，he started studying and found an online community of people who had the same interest．Mitchell is seeing his VR dream come true because China encourages innovation and entrepreneurship （创新和创业）and the government has also provided great support for high-tech development．For 28-year-old Russian Artem Zhdanov，China is also his ideal place to fulfill ambition．
After graduating from college，he left his hometown in Siberia and moved to Guangzhou．
In recent years，he has built a Russian-language news website about China and set up an online store on Taobao．The news website now has 100，000monthly visits，and the products he sells online，such as T-shirts，cups，and chopsticks，have become popular among foreigners living in China．His childhood dream was to be a diplomat（外交官）．Now it has been realized in some ways．His website and Taobao store are like bridges connecting foreigners with China．
As long as they have ideas and resolve （决心），they can easily build a business here．29．The correct time order of the following events is ．
a．Nikk set up the company FXG．
b．Nikk was amazed by a VR video．
c．Nikk found an online community．
d．Nikk got to China at the age of 18．
A．a-b-c-d B．d-b-c-a C．c-b-d-a D．d-b-a-c
30．The underlined phrase "fulfill ambition" means " "．
A．visit websites B．achieve dreams C．do shopping D．receive education
31．Which of the following can be put at the beginning of the last paragraph？
A．Hangzhou has set up entrepreneurial parks to offer service．
B．China is an ideal place for foreigners to travel around．
C．Guangzhou has become a popular place among Chinese．
D．China has offered a good business environment to foreigners．
C
…
We never had children of our own-just The White Prince-and I can tell you，he was enough of a family for anyone．He walked freely in the park just as we had planned he would，and ran after the deer and the rabbits whenever he felt like it；but be never did learn how to kill for himself．You can't teach old lions new tricks．He lived on deer mostly，and slept on a sofa in our living room-I wouldn't have him inside our bedroom，no matter（无论）how often Bertie asked．You know，I have to draw the line somewhere．
Bertie's leg was never cured．When it was bad，he often needed a stick，or me，or the lion to lean on．It pained him a lot，especially on cold and wet days，and he never slept well．On Sundays the three of us would walk around the park together，and Bertie would sit on the top of Wood Hill with his arm around the lion's neck and I would fly kites．You know，I've always loved kites．And the lion liked to break them into pieces．
The lion never showed any interest in running away，and even if he'd wanted to，the park wall was too high for an old lion to jump over．Wherever．Bertie went，he wanted to go too．And if ever Bertie went out in the car，then he'd sit by me in the kitchen，and watch me with those great amber eyes，listening all the while for the sound of Bertie's car coming up the path to the front of the house．The lion was getting older．And he became weak in his legs and could see very little．He spent his last days sleeping at Bertie's feet．When he died，we buried（埋葬）him at the bottom of the hill．Bertie's wanted it that way so he could always see the place from the kitchen window．I suggested Bertie plant a tree in case（以防）he forgot where the lion was．"I will，but he should get more than a tree．" Bertie said．
Bertie was sad for weeks，months after the lion died．There was nothing I could do to cheer him or even comfort him．He would sit for hours in his room，or go off on long walks by himself．He seemed so shut away inside himself，so distant（遥远的）．Try as I did．I could not reach him．（Adapted from The Butter fly Lion）
32．What did Bertie's wife mean by saying "I have to draw the line somewhere"？
A．She would like the lion to sit by her．
B．She didn't expect Bertie to keep the lion．
C．She didn't allow the lion to enter their bedroom．
D．She wanted to stop the lion walking freely in the park．
33．Which description about the lion is TRUE according to the story？
A．He seldom broke kites into pieces．B．He could jump over the park wall．
C．He became weak in his legs and eyes．D．He could kill deer or rabbits for himself．34．What can be inferred（推断）from the story？
A．Bertie's leg was badly hurt by the lion．B．The lion wanted to leave Bertie's family．C．Bertie's wife would plant a tree for the lion．D．Bertie loved the lion more than his wife did．35．The story is mainly about ．
A．Bertie and his wife-the owners of the lion
B．tricks that Bertie and his wife taught the lion
C．the habits that the lion formed in Bertie's family
D．the last days the lion spent with Bertie and his wife
四、词汇运用（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
A）根据句意，用括号中所给单词的正确形式或音标提示填空，每空一词．
36．-You always look unhappy ！What （worry）you？
-I really can't balance my study and hobbies．
37．-Who gets up the （early）in your family？
-My mum．She cooks breakfast for Dad and me．
38．-Can you tell me the （pronounce）of the word "agriculture"？
-Sorry，I don't know，either．
39．The letter "x" often represents a（n）（known）number in some Math exercises．40．In order to attract more people，a growing number of （[mjuzi：?mz]）are free for the public．
B）根据句意及汉语提示，写出各单词的正确形式，每空一词．
41．Kitty （邮寄）a special present to her father last Father's Day．
42．Giraffes are quite tall．Their long necks help them eat the （树叶）from trees．43．-Don't tell the secret to a third person．Just keep it to （我们自己）．
-Trust me，please．
44．We depend on nature to live，so it is necessary for us to protect it （明智地，充满智慧地）．
45．-Would you mind （分享）your ideas？
-Certainly not．
五、短文填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
根据短文内容及所给首字母提示写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整，每空一词．
With the development of modern technology，digital devices（数码设备）have been seen everywhere．People often check what is h 46 in the world on the Internet，keep in touch with friends through emails，or even start to read e-books．H 47 ，many people still prefer paper books to e-books because they think that brains work b 48
when reading paper books．
Now，some scientists have come up with some d 49 ideas．They believe how brains work is not greatly affected by the way people read，but depends on the following factors（因素）．They i 50 the type and content of reading materials，the p 51 of reading．etc．When people read for entertainment，like news about star families or f 52 stories，reading paper books or e-books makes no difference．When people read to gain k 53 about science，reading paper books is more
helpful．Brains need longer to deal with harder problems．Usually，taking notes by h 54 on paper books takes longer than typing（打字）notes out on digital devices．So it's e 55 for you to remember key points when you read paper books．Next time，when you read e-books about science，just remember to slow down and give your brain more time．
六、任务型阅读（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
A
Most of us have made an exercise plan，but only a few can follow it．WebMD（an American website）has listed the following tips for making exercise a habit in your life．
1．Do activities you enjoy．
Remember，there's no rule that says you have to go to a sports centre or buy equipment like swimming suits．Many types of activities，such as push-up（俯卧撑），can be done whenever it is rainy or snowy．
2．Exercise after work．
Don't go home first．Few people are so motivated（有动力的）that they will go out again and exercise after they go home and change clothes．
3．Exercise even when you are tired．
Tiredness is not an excuse．While exercising，you breathe deeply and your body makes better use of the oxygen exchange．Then，you will feel energetic．
4．Notice that you are better than before．
It's great when your clothes fit better，you can lift heavier things or take exercise longer．There's something good too，like getting a good night's sleep or thinking more clearly．
5．Walk with a pedometer（计步器）
Not everyone can start out with 10，000steps a day．Use a pedometer，and find out your daily steps．And then，try your best to walk 300extra steps each day．Finally，you can reach 10，000steps a day．
阅读以上信息，用恰当的单词完成下面的短文，每空一词．
According to WebMD，there are some easy ways to make exercise a habit．First，when you do activities you enjoy，such as push-up，you don't have to consider 56 conditions．Second，the best way is to exercise before going home because most people are unwilling to go out again and exercise after
57 clothes at home．Third，keep on exercising even though you feel tired．That's because taking a
58 breath will help your body make better use of oxygen exchange．Moreover，pay attention to your
59
in exercising，like losing some weight，exercising longer，etc．Finally，walk with a pedometer and find out your daily steps．Then，60 the number of steps day by day．Your goal of 10，000steps a day can be achieved．
B
Food waste is a world's problem．Every year，about 1.3billion tons，or one-third of all the food produced is thrown away，according to a survey．Using just 25percent of that wasted food could feed 870million hungry people，which would end world hunger．The people of France wasted 234pounds（磅：重量单位）of food per person，which is much better than some other countries．In the past，France wasn't good at controlling food waste，but now the country takes the lead．
A law was made by French government．It made France the first country in the world to prevent supermarkets from throwing away unused food．Now supermarkets of a certain size must donate unused food，or they will face a fine．There are other rules requiring schools to teach students about food sustainability （可持续性）．They also ask companies to report the food waste numbers in their environmental reports．And restaurants should provide take-out bags．
"These laws make it a standard to reduce waste．" says Marie Mourad，a student in Paris who has written several reports on French food waste．"France is not the country that wastes the least food，but Frenchmen have become the most active because they want to be the example in Europe．"
"Preventing supermarkets from throwing away food means a lot，" says Jonathan Bloom，a famous writer．"This step has influenced parts of French food industry．"
It is everyone's duty to fight against food waste．Everyone should pay attention and take action．
阅读以上信息，用恰当的单词完成下面的表格，每空一词．
七、书面表达（共1题；满分15分）
假如你是李华，将参加今年暑期的英国伦敦游学（study tour）活动，英方提供了两个家庭供你选择居住，并征询你对游学活动的建议．请阅读以下信息，写一封电子邮件回复．
The Green family
?an old couple
no children
two dogs
?a flat，in the centre of London
?wi-fi
?350pounds
The Black family
?a middle-aged couple
a junior school boy
a primary school girl
?a house， a little far from London
?a garden
?230pounds
要求：1．所写内容必须包括某一家的所有信息及你选择的理由；
2．结合自身情况提出1-2点游学活动的建议；
3．文章不少于90词，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；
4．语意通顺，意思连贯，条理清楚，书写规范；
5．文中不得出现真实的姓名、校名等信息．
Dear Sir/ Madam，
I have read the information about the two families．And I have decided to live in
Many thanks，
Li Hua
参考答案与解析
一、单项选择（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．
1．Hawking，one of _____most famous scientists，passed away in March．（）
A．a B．an C．the D．不填
【知识考点】定冠词（the）．
【思路分析】霍金是最著名的科学家之一，在3月份去世了．
【解答过程】此题考查定冠词the用法，最高级前面要用the；the表示特指；同一事物第二次提到时用the；乐器前面要用the；世界上独一无二的事物前面要用the；most famous 是最高级，故用the．故选：C．
【总结归纳】这题考查定冠词，在熟知定冠词的意思和用法的基础之上，结合语境，仔细分析，并可以得出正确答案．
2．My classmate Daniel dressed up _____the e-dog Hobo in today's English class．（）
A．as B．of C．at D．to
【知识考点】常用介词的辨析．
【思路分析】在今天的英语课上，我的同学丹尼尔扮作电子狗Hobo．
【解答过程】考查介词．A作为．B属于．C在几点．D到…句意"在今天的英语课上，我的同学丹尼尔扮作电子狗Hobo．"．dress up as打扮成、扮作…固定搭配．
故选：A．
【总结归纳】考查介词用法，这个知识点很广泛，有一些固定用法，需要日常积累，结合语境选择正确介词完成习题．
3．There ______a coffee shop at the corner of the street．The coffee there tastes nice．（）
A．is B．are C．has D．have
【知识考点】there be 句型．
【思路分析】街道拐角处有一家咖啡店，那里的咖啡味道很好．
【解答过程】本题考查There be句型，先排除C和D ，主语是a coffee shop 是单数形式，故be动词要用is．
故选：A．
【总结归纳】考查there be句型，there be 结构中的谓语动词be在人称和数上应与临近主语一致．要结合语境选择合适用法．注意时态，人称等变化．
4．I couldn't believe the take away man can remember so many classical poems ______I saw him on TV．（）
A．since B．until C．if D．when
【知识考点】从属连词．
【思路分析】我简直不敢相信那个外卖的男人能记得住这么多古典诗词．直到我在电视上看到．【解答过程】since自从；until直到；if如果，是否；when什么时候；此题根据意思可知考查固定用法not…until 直到．．才，
故选：B．
【总结归纳】此题考查从属连词，在理解每个从属连词的意思和用法的基础之上，结合句子意思，仔细分析，便可以得出正确答案．
5．-I missed last night's Everlasting Classics（《经典咏流传》）！
-You _____care．You can watch it online later．（）
A．mustn't B．can't C．may not D．needn't
【知识考点】情态动词．
2018年北京市中考英语(有答案).pdf
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