政府工作报告双语热词.doc
试析《政府工作报告》中高频词汇的翻译
试析《政府工作报告》中高频词汇的翻译作者：王婷来源：《科技资讯》2015年第04期摘要：政府工作报告作为一种特殊的政论文体，是国际社会了解中国形势和政策主张的最重要、最权威的来源，因此其翻译便具有了举足轻重的作用。
该文以汉斯·费米尔的目的论为理论指导，基于2014年新一届政府工作报告中的高频词汇的英译进行统计研究，探讨其在翻译时所使用的翻译策略。
关键词：政府工作报告目的论翻译发展中图分类号：H315.9 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1672-3791（2015）02（a）-0212-02Abstract：The report on the work of the government is a special style that related to the politics.The translation of the report is quite important due to its function.As China’s development growing，the international society want to know more about our policy，so the report is a way for foreigners to know more about China.This paper aiming at analyzing the translation of high frequency words under the skopos theory in the report in 2014，take“发展”as an example to illustrate.Key words：Report on the work of the government；Skopos theory；Translation；Development随着全球化的推进及我国经济的迅猛发展，中国在世界上的影响日益扩大，越来越多的人想要了解中国。
政府工作报告热点词汇
建国以来，我国外语教育事业在取得长足进展的同时也存在着许多不容忽视的问题，其中的一个严重问题就是外语教育不重视需求分析，无论是研究还是教学都不很关注解决问题的实用能力。
对此，有专家学者指出，切实了解国家发展战略和社会经济发展对外语人才的实际需求，而不是受各种利益驱使（如各类职称和等级考试）创造出来的虚假外语需求和外语学习繁荣，是解决目前我国外语教育和教学实践中诸多问题的关键之一。
我国外语教育存在的另一严重问题是，我国外语教育战略决策长期以来忽视了外语学习的一个重要目的，那就是外语教育必须实现“让世界了解中国让中国走向世界”这一对外传播国家战略的最高目标。
我国外语教学长期以来坚持“一条腿走路”，即只重视学习外国语言文化知识，而对于必须依托外语才能实现的本国文化的对外传播能力至今未得到重视，教材中鲜有中国文化内容就是最好的证明。
中国在经济上追求顺差，但是在文化传播方面却一直是逆差，中外文化传播与交流长期以来呈现明显的不平等。
就翻译而言，我们所做的工作绝大多数是引进，中国文化的输出做得非常不好，这不能不说是我们外语教育和翻译教育的失败。
近年来，不少专家学者呼吁我国的外语教育战略进行重新定位，我国的外语教学必须进行脱胎换骨的改革。
外语教育只有高度重视中国文化的对外传播能力，才能不断提高国家文化软实力，进一步展示和提升国家良好形象，紧紧抓住世界需要中国、而中国也需要更好地融入世界带来的历史机遇，迎接经济全球化和文化竞争带来的严峻挑战。
国务院新闻办公室主任蔡武在2007北京“中译外——中国走向世界之路”高层论坛上致辞时就建议把培养中译外人才作为翻译学科建设和教育培训的一个重要课题并希望高校的外语教育能从我国对外传播事业的高度出发，重视中译外人才的培养并加强这方面的专题研究，因为外语教育政策的制定与取向对我国政治、经济和国家安全乃至中华民族的强盛有着十分重要的战略意义。
在国际舞台上发出自己的声音，通俗地理解就是由我们自己来做好对外传播工作，通过国际通用语言向国外介绍我国的具体国情和各方面取得的成就，这就要求我们在外语教育中重视学习和积累相关词语的英语表达方式。
政府工作报告常见表达(中英对照)
1、全面建成小康社会build a moderately prosperous in all respects2、不断涌现there was a constant stream of3、一般公共预算收入revenue in general public budgets4、全国居民人均可支配收入per capita disposable personal income5、农村居民人均可支配收入per capita disposable income of rural residents6、目标提前实现the goal of ... was achieved ahead of schedule7、区间调控range-based macro regulation8、定向调控targeted regulation9、战略定力strategic focus10、激活力、补短板、强实体stimulated market activity, shored up the our weak spots, and boosted the real economy11、做到结构调优而不失速e nsure that structural adjustment were made without compromising the growth rate12、积极的财政政策proactive fiscal policy13、稳健的货币政策prudent monetary policy14、社会发展薄弱环节weak areas in economic and social development15、啃下了不少硬骨头tackle many tough issues16、专项转移支付项目items receiving special transfer payments17、一般性转移支付transfer payments for general purposes18、“沪港通”the Shanghai-Hong kong Stock Connect19、机关事业单位养老保险制度the pension system for employees of Party and government offices and public institutions20、上海自由贸易试验区the China (Shanghai) Pilot Free Trade Zone1、夯实……根基lay a firm foundation for...2、农业综合生产能力overall agricultural production capacity3、水利工程water conservancy projects4、退耕还林还草return more marginal farmland to forest or grassland5、异军突起rise swiftly to prominence6、众多“创客”脱颖而出creators come thick and fast7、京津冀Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region8、长江经济带the Yangtze Economic Belt9、农网rural power grids10、南水北调中线一期工程the first phase of the middle route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project11、中关村国家自主创新示范区t he Zhongguancun National Innovation Demonstration Zone12、支线客机 a regional jet13、保基本、兜底线、建机制we have been working to build up a basic safety net, ensure there is a cushion in place for those most in need, and make relevant institutional arrangements 14、城乡居民基本养老保险制度the basic pension systems for rural residents and non-working urban residents15、企业退休人员基本养老金水平basic pension benefits for enterprise retirees16、保障性安居工程government-subsidized housing units17、临时救助制度temporary-assistance18、城乡低保标准subsistence allowances for urban and rural residents19、抚恤和生活补助标准subsidies and living allowance20、残疾军人、烈属和老复员军人disabled military personnel, families of revolutionary martyrs, and old-age veterans1、中国上海自由贸易实验区the China (Shanghai) Pilot Free Trade Zone2、双反anti-dumping and countervailing3、跌宕起伏fluctuation4、保持定力maintain confidence5、保就业的下限ensure that employment does not fall below the prescribed minimun level6、防通胀的上限ensure that inflation does not rise above the projected level7、持续下行continue to decline8、多年少有的the first time in many years9、拆放利率rate for lending10、硬着陆hard landing11、超发货币issue excessive currency12、定心丸reassured the market13、成为经济稳中向好的关键一招played a vital role in sustaining steady economic growth14、盘活存量，用好增量made good use of both existing and additional monetary and finacial resources15、整合压缩integrated and cut16、一般性支出regular expenditures17、摸清get a clear picture of18、精准发力strove to take well-targeted steps19、提质增效raising the quality and returns of development20、铺路搭桥creating conditions。
政府工作报告完整版【中英对照】
政府工作报告完整版【中英对照】Areviewofourworkin经济运行缓中趋稳、稳中向好;Theeconomyhasregisteredaslowerbutstableperformancewithgoodm omentumforgrowth.国内生产总值达到74.4万亿元，增长6.7%;GDPreached74.4trillionyuan,representing6.7-percentgrowth.居民消费价格上涨2%;TheCPIroseby2percent.工业企业利润由上年下降2.3%转为增长8.5%;Withan8.5-percentincreaseinprofits,industrialenterprisesrev ersedthepreviousyear'snegativegrowthof2.3percent.就业增长超出预期;Employmentgrowthexceededprojections.全年城镇新增就业1314万人;Atotalof13.14millionnewurbanjobswereadded.年末城镇登记失业率4.02%，为多年来最低;Theregisteredurbanunemploymentratestoodat4.02percentatyear-end,thelowestlevelinyears.供给侧结构性改革初见成效;Initialsuesswasachievedinsupply-sidestructuralreform.服务业增加值占国内生产总值比重上升到51.6%;Thevaluecreatedbytheservicesectorroseto51.6percentofGDP.大众创业、万众创新广泛开展;Peoplewerebusylaunchingbusinessesormakinginnovations.全国居民人均可支配收入实际增长6.3%;Personalpercapitadisposableineincreasedby6.3percentinrealte rms.农村贫困人口减少1240万;Thenumberofpeoplelivinginpovertyinruralareaswasreducedby12. 4million.出境旅游超过1.2亿人次;Overseastripsexceeded120million.广义货币M2增长11.3%，低于13%左右的预期目标;TheM2moneysupplyincreasedby11.3percent,belowourprojectedtar getofaround13percent.深入推进“互联网+”行动和国家大数据战略;WetookfurtherstepstoimplementtheInterPlusactionplanandthena tionalbigdatastrategy.74个重点城市细颗粒物(PM2.5)年均浓度下降9.1%;A9.1-percentdropintheannualaveragedensityoffineparticulatem atter(PM2.5)wasseenin74majorcities.Whatthegovernmentwilldoin今年发展的主要预期目标是：Keyprojectedtargetsfordevelopmentthisyear:国内生产总值增长6.5%左右，在实际工作中争取更好结果;GDPgrowthofaround6.5percent,orhigherifpossibleinpractice.居民消费价格涨幅3%左右;CPIincreasekeptaround3percent.城镇新增就业1100万人以上，城镇登记失业率4.5%以内;Over11millionnewurbanjobs,andaregisteredurbanunemploymentra tewithin4.5percent.继续实施积极的财政政策和稳健的货币政策。
双语：两会热词
外教一对一双语：两会热词government work report 政府工作报告opening speech 开幕式致辞“一带一路” “the Belt and Road”，英文缩写用“B&R”“丝绸之路经济带和21世纪海上丝绸之路”的英文全称译为“the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road”small- and medium-sized enterprises 中小型企业farmer-turned-entrepreneur 农民企业家clean energy 清洁能源basic medical insurance 基本医疗保险crops' minimum purchase prices 粮食最低收购价per-capita income 人均收入propel/expand domestic demand 扩大内需proactive fiscal policy 积极的财政政策moderately easy monetary policy 适度宽松的货币政策rural-urban development divide 城乡差距dairy product standards 乳制品标准administrative transparency 政务透明comfortable Housing Project 安居工程careers guidance 就业指导three Direct Links “大三通”(通邮、通航、通商)healthcare reform package 医改方案basic medicine system 基本医疗体制外教一对一 home appliances going to the countryside 家电下乡equal Access to Education 教育公平rural left-behind population 农村留守人口issues of agriculture, farmer and rural area 三农问题defense budget 国防预算disaster relief 赈灾defense expenditure 国防开支safeguarding our sovereignty and territory 保卫主权和领土完整top legislative body 最高立法机关social welfare system 社会福利制度minimum living standard 最低生活标准the imbalance between urban and rural areas 城乡发展不平衡state-run/owned company/enterprise 国有企业。
政府工作报告热词
英语知识从紧货币政策tight monetary policy稳健财政政策prudent fiscal policy宏观经济调控macroeconomic regulation政府临时调控government interim intervention经济增长模式mode of economic development固定资产投资反弹a resurgence in fixed asset investment货币信贷投放仍然偏多continued excessive supplies of money and credit流动性过剩excessive liquidity转型过程transformation process行政手段administrative measures螺旋式通胀spiraling inflation通胀压力inflationary pressure抑制通胀to hold down inflation次贷危机subprime crisis经济剧烈波动drastic fluctuations in the economy经济过热economic overheating防止经济过热to prevent the economy from overheating促进结构调整和协调发展to promote structural adjustment and balanced development减轻弱势群体负担ease the burden on the disadvantaged group增加对薄弱环节、改善民生、深化改革等方面的支出to increase expenditures necessary "to shore up weak links, improve people's lives and deepen reform"作为一个会议口译译员，应该全面发展，不仅能搞同声传译工作，也要能搞即席传译工作，二者缺一不可。
【双语新闻之今日热点】2020年政府工作报告双语版金句集合
【今日热点】2020年政府工作报告双语版金句集合5月22日上午，李克强总理作政府工作报告。
报告结束后，“各级政府必须真正过紧日子”登上热搜，“生命至上”“群众关切的事情要努力办好”等话语也让网友大呼暖心。
我们为大家整理了双语版金句集合，一起来看！1.中华儿女风雨同舟、守望相助，筑起了抗击疫情的巍峨长城。
Through all these efforts, we, all the sons and daughters of the Chinese nation, have stood together in the most trying of times and built a Great Wall of solidarity against the epidemic.2.对我们这样一个拥有14亿人口的发展中国家来说，能在较短时间内有效控制疫情，保障了人民基本生活，十分不易、成之惟艰。
As a developing country with 1.4 billion people, it is only by overcoming enormous difficulties that China has been able to contain COVID-19 in such a short time while also ensuring our people's basic needs.3.我们也付出巨大代价，一季度经济出现负增长，生产生活秩序受到冲击，但生命至上，这是必须承受也是值得付出的代价。
Our success has come at a great price. The economy posted negative growth in the first quarter of this year, and daily life and work have been greatly affected. However, life is invaluable. This is a price we must pay, and a price worth paying.4.各级政府必须真正过紧日子，中央政府要带头，中央本级支出安排负增长，其中非急需非刚性支出压减50%以上。
政府工作报告50个热词翻译
政府工作报告50个热词翻译习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era“五位一体” (经济建设、政治建设、文化建设、社会建设、生态文明建设五位一体)the "five-sphere integrated plan": a plan to promote coordinated economic, political, cultural, social and ecological advancement“四个全面”(协调推进全面建成小康社会、全面深化改革、全面依法治国、全面从严治党)the "four-pronged comprehensive strategy": a strategy of comprehensive moves to finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, deepen reform, advance law-based governance, and strengthen Party self-governance“十三五”规划the 13th Five-Year Plan共享经济sharing economy“一带一路”the Belt and Road Initiative人类命运共同体 a community with a shared future for mankind营改增replacement of business tax with value added tax (V AT)供给侧结构性改革supply-side structural reform“三去一降一补”(去产能、去库存、去杠杆、降成本、补短板)the five priority tasks of cutting overcapacity, reducing excess inventory, deleveraging, lowering costs, and strengthening areas of weakness“中国制造2025”Made in China 2025创新驱动发展战略the innovation-driven development strategy全民健身Fitness-for-All programs“三严三实”(领导干部要严以修身、严以用权、严以律己，谋事要实、创业要实、做人要实)Three Stricts and Three Earnests: the need to be strict with oneself in practicing self-cultivation, using power, and exercising self-discipline; and to be earnest in one's thinking, work, and behavior工匠精神the spirit of workmanship创新型国家 a country of innovators精准脱贫targeted poverty alleviation蓝天保卫战the fight to defend the blue of our skies“双一流”world-class universities and world-class disciplines“四个意识”(政治意识、大局意识、核心意识、看齐意识)to maintain political integrity, think in big-picture terms, follow the leadership core, and keep in alignment “四个自信”(中国特色社会主义道路自信、理论自信、制度自信、文化自信)confidence in the path, theory, system, and culture of socialism with Chinese characteristics社会主义核心价值观core socialist values城镇调查失业率the surveyed urban unemployment rate“僵尸企业”"zombie enterprise"亲清新型政商关系 a new type of cordial and clean relationship between government and business 要素市场化配置market-based allocation of the factors of production影子银行shadow banking“厕所革命”the Toilet Revolution雄安新区Xiongan New Area粤港澳大湾区the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area海洋经济the maritime economy新型城镇化new urbanization“城中村”villages in cities亚投行Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank沪港通Shanghai-Hong Kong Stock Connect深港通Shenzhen-Hong Kong Stock Connect债券通the Bond Connect“两学一做”(学党章党规、学系列讲话，做合格党员)Party members should develop a good understanding of the Party Constitution, Party regulations, and General Secretary Xi Jinping's major policy addresses and live up to Party standards纠正“四风”(形式主义、官僚主义、享乐主义和奢靡之风)to address the practice of formalities for formalities' sake, bureaucratism, hedonism ['hidənɪzəm], and extravagance国务院“约法三章”the three-point State Council decision on curbing government spending“九二共识”the 1992 consensus“三农”(农业、农村和农民) agriculture, rural areas, and rural residents新能源汽车new-energy vehicles全面取消二手车限迁政策rescind [rɪ'sɪnd] all local policies that restrict sales of non-local second-hand vehicles健康中国战略Healthy China strategy分级诊疗tiered [tɪəd] diagnosis and treatment三年棚改攻坚计划 a three-year renovation plan to address housing in rundown urban areas新型国际关系 a new type of international relations乡村振兴战略the rural revitalization strategy“双创”business startups and innovation“互联网+”the Internet Plus model品质革命 a revolution in the quality of Chinese-made goods。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
政府工作报告双语热词
【相关词汇】经济状况economicsituationGDP核算GDPcalculation核心指标coreindicator高质量发展high-qualitydevelopment工业产出industrialoutput增长质量growthqualityFiscaldeficit财政赤字Chinaloweredits我国的财政赤字目标由占GDP3%下调为2.6%。
中央政府已经宣布要保持积极的财政政策，进一步增发地方政府专项债券。
精品文档欢迎下载2
【相关词汇】税收激励taxincentive减税降费cuttaxesandadministrativefees房产税propertytax免税taxmptionTaxreduction减税Chinahasbeencommittedtocuttingtaxesandfeesforenterprisesandempl oyeesinrecentyearsinabidtoboostinvestmentandconsumption.Totaltax esandfeecutsreachedabout1.3trillionyuanlastyear.近几年，我国一直致力于对企业和个人减税降费，以促进投资和消费。
去年减税降费总额达1.3万亿元。
【相关词汇】增值税value-addedtax企业所得税enterpriseincometax免税taxmption减税taxreduction,taxcut收入分配distributionofincome避税地taxhavenMonetarystance货币政策TheannualCentralEconomicWorkConferencesaidChinawillkeepthepr
udentmonetarypolicy“neithertootightnortooloose“thisyearwhilemaint ainingmarketliquidityatareasonablyamplelevel.中央经济工作会议表示，今年我国将继续保持审慎的货币政策，要松紧适度，保持流动性合理充裕。
【相关词汇】精品文档欢迎下载3定向降准targetedRRRcut 注入流动性injectliquidity货币政策工具monetarypolicytools公开市场操作openmarketoperation,OMO逆回购reverserepurchaseagreement,reverserepoJobcreation创造就业Employmentcomesfirstinthesixfieldsthecountryaimstostabilizein做好“六稳”工作的首要任务。
政府工作报告中首次设定了城镇调查失业率的目标。
去年共创造城镇就业岗位1300万个，超出了官方设定的1100万目标。
【相关词汇】大众创业、万众创新massentrepreneurshipandinnovation就业创业employmentandentrepreneurship慢就业delayedemployment自由职业者freelancer自主创业self-employment就业压力employmentpressurePovertyalleviation扶贫Asoneofthecountrys“threetoughbattles,“reducingpovertyisexpectedto acceleratethisyeartoachievethegoalofliftingallitsruralresidentslivingb
elowcurrentpovertylineoutofpovertyandeliminatepovertyinallpoorco untiesandregionsby的扶贫步伐或将加快，以实现到确保现行标准下农村贫困人口实现脱贫、贫困县全部摘帽的目标。
截止底，我国还有1660万贫困人口。
精品文档欢迎下载4
【相关词汇】精准扶贫targetedpovertyalleviation强制式扶贫compulsorypovertyrelief脱贫getoutofpoverty/getridofpoverty/beliftedoutofpoverty贫困线povertythreshold/povertyline/povertylimit易地扶贫搬迁relocatingthepoor扶贫基金povertyalleviationfunds开发式扶贫development-orientatedpovertyreductionTradegrowth贸易增长Chinasforeigntradegrewatapaceof9.7percentyearonyearin，我国的外贸同比增长9.7%。
中央经济工作会议指出，要扩大进出口贸易，推动出口市场多元化，削减进口环节制度性成本。
【相关词汇】区域合作regionalcooperation经济增长economicgrowth区域一体化regionalintegration营商环境businessenvironment自由贸易港freetradeportPropertymarket房地产市场Thisisoneofthemostpopular“twosessions“topicsbasedonarecentonline survey.Astringofmanagementpolicieshashelpedstabilizehousingprice
s,officialdatashowed.Thegovernmenthascalledforalong-termmechani smtomaintainthesounddevelopmentoftherealestatemarketandadherin gtotheprinciplethat“housingisfor精品文档欢迎下载5livingin,notspeculation.“最近的在线调查显示，房地产市场是最受关注的两会话题之一。
官方数据显示，一系列管理政策的实施已经使房价趋于平稳。
政府呼吁出台能够帮助房地产市场健康发展的长效机制，坚持“房子是用来住的，不是用来炒的”。
【相关词汇】首付downpayment按揭贷款mortgage房产估值assessedvalue预售条款due-on-saleprovision固定利率贷款fixed-ratemortgage房屋限购purchaselimitsforrealestateScienceandtechnologyinnovationboard科创板Thesci-techboard,aswellasexperimentofregistration-basedIPOs,areex pectedtobeahighlightofChinascapitalmarketresthisyear.Preparationha sbeeninhighgearsinceitsproposallastNovember.Itisexpectedtoberolled outasearlyasthefirsthalfofthisyear.科创板和股票发行注册制将是今年我国资本市场改革的重点。
自去年11月提出以来，各项准备工作已经在迅速推进。
最早有望在今年上半年推出。
【相关词汇】沪港通Shanghai-HongKongStockConnect跨境资金流动cross-bordercapitalflow绩优股bluechip成长股growthstock 交易所交易基金ExchangeTradedFund,ETF期货futures精品文档欢迎下载6退市delisting上市公司listedcompanies外资foreigncapitalForeigninvestment外商投资AdraftofChinasforeigninvestmentlawwillbetedtotheupcomingannual sessionofthetoplegislature,NationalPeoplesCongress.Onceadopted,it willhelpChinaattractmoreforeigninvestmentandbetterprotectforeignin vestorslegitimaterightsandinterests.今年全国人大会议期间，《外商投资法（草案）》将提交人大审议。
如果通过，该法将会吸引更多外国投资，更好地保护外国投资者的合法权益。
【相关词汇】投资环境investmentenvironment贸易便利化tradefacilitation贸易自由化tradeliberalization浮动汇率体系floatingexchangeratesystem。