当代英语研究生教程unit5-PPT关于文章结构的分析
高等学校研究生英语综合教程下第五单元课件
Useful words and expressions: plot; character; setting; single; dramatic; beginning; ending; climax; crisis; turning point; abrupt; moral
Starting out—Task 2
Reading Focus – Language Point 2. Marriage at best is but a compromise, and if two people happen to be united who are of an uncompromising nature there is bound to be trouble. (Para. 2) compromise (n.): an agreement that is achieved after everyone involved accepts less than what they wanted at first, or the act of making this agreement 妥协，折中办法 e.g. 1) To stop the argument they decided on a compromise. 2) The government has said that there will be no compromise with terrorists. compromise (v.): reach an agreement in which everyone involved accepts less that what they wanted at first 妥协，折中 e.g. The President might be willing to compromise on defense spending.
研究生学术英语读写教程unit5
Unit 5: Academic WritingAcademic writing is an essential skill for graduate students. Whether it's writing research papers, essays, or dissertations, the ability to conveyplex ideas in a clear and organized manner is crucial for success in academia. In this unit, we will delve into the keyponents of academic writing, including structure, language, and style, and offer practical tips for developing your skills in this area.1. Understanding the Structure of Academic WritingAcademic writing typically follows a specific structure that includes an introduction, body, and conclusion. The introduction should provide background information on the topic and clearly state the purpose of the paper. The body should present evidence, arguments, and analysis to support the m本人n thesis, while the conclusion should summarize the key points and reiterate the significance of the research. Understanding and following this structure is essential for producing coherent and persuasive academic writing.2. Developing an Academic Writing StyleAcademic writing requires a formal and objective tone. This means avoiding colloquial language, personal opinions, and emotional language. Instead, focus on using clear, precise, and formal language to convey your arguments and ideas. Additionally, pay attention to the use of citations and referencing to acknowledge the sources of your information and evidence. Developing a strong academic writing style takes practice, but it is a crucial skill for graduate students to master.3. Using Language Effectively in Academic WritingIn academic writing, it is important to use language that is precise and unambiguous. Avoid vague or ambiguous language, as this can weaken the clarity and effectiveness of your writing. Additionally, pay attention to the use of transitions and cohesive devices to ensure smooth and logical connections between ideas. By using language effectively, you can enhance the coherence and flow of your academic writing.4. Incorporating Research and EvidenceAcademic writing is heavily reliant on research and evidence tosupport arguments and cl本人ms. As a graduate student, it is important to develop strong research skills and the ability to critically evaluate sources. This includes identifying reliable and credible sources, synthesizing information from multiple sources, and effectively integrating evidence into your writing. By incorporating research and evidence, you can strengthen the validity and persuasiveness of your academic writing.5. Editing and Revising Academic WritingEffective academic writing is the result of careful editing and revision. After drafting your paper, take the time to review and revise it for clarity, coherence, and organization. Pay attention to the overall structure and flow of the paper, as well as the language, style, and tone. Additionally, proofread your work for grammar, punctuation, and spelling errors. By editing and revising your academic writing, you can ensure that it meets the highest standards of clarity and accuracy.ConclusionAcademic writing is a fundamental skill for graduate students, and mastering this skill is key to success in academia. Byunderstanding the structure of academic writing, developing a formal and objective writing style, using language effectively, incorporating research and evidence, and editing and revising your work, you can produce high-quality academic writing that is clear, coherent, and persuasive. With practice and dedication, you can continue to refine your skills in academic writing and excel in your academic pursuits.。
当代研究生英语(下)课件U5_Text A
外语教学与研究出版社
外语教学与研究出版社
Text A
ANYTHING BUT BEEFS — Scott Sullivan and William Underhill
外语教学与研究出版社
外语教学与研究出版社
Reading— Reading—Text A
Main Idea & Structure Text Study Sentence Analysis Language Points Useful Expressions Text Translation
Main Idea: A report of the way the EU dealt with the mad-cow problem in the first week after the disclosure of the disease.
Main Idea: The argument around destroying British cattle.
外语教学与研究出版社
外语教学与研究出版社
Paras. 2-3
2 At the center of the storm, Prime Minister John Major flung blame in all directions. “What has happened is collective hysteria—partly media, partly opposition and partly European,” the British prime minister declared. Yet even in the ranks of his own Conservative Party, some members are openly critical of the way Major’s government has handled the crisis．“It has been at best clumsy, at worst catastrophic,” says Edwina Currie, a Tory member of Parliament and former health minister. Two weeks ago press leaks forced the health minister, Stephen Dorrell, to make a hasty disclosure. 3 Scientists had found 10 individuals dead or dying from a new strain of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease(CJD)，a rare but lethal degenerative brain condition. Worse yet, they suspected that the infection might have come from cattle infected with madcow disease. That was frightening news in a country where roughly 160,000 cases of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) have been reported since 1985. It scared other
研究生英语第五单元课文讲解
eliminate
• （1）排除、清除、消除
The police have eliminated two suspects from their investigation.
警方通过调查已经排除了两名嫌疑犯。 • （2）消灭（敌人或对手）、（比赛中）淘汰
All the English teams were eliminated in the early stages of competition.
disparity
• （尤指不公正对待引起的）不同、不等、 差异、悬殊
the wide disparity between rich and poor
贫富悬殊
• migration n.迁移、移居、迁徙 • migrate vt.迁移、移居、迁徙
消除地区工资差距，开放市场， 让人口在全国自由流动寻找机会， 这会加快国家整体的经济发展。
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
• So +助动词+主语
……也一样 • She work hard , so/as did her husband.
• centralized
adj 集权控制的，实行集中的
• a highly centralized system of government
高度集权的政府体制
allocate
• 拨……（给）；划……（给）；分配……（给）
• They intend to allocate more place to mature students this year.
今年他们打算给成人学生提供更多的名额。
同样，集中式教育财政有利于将 政府资金从中央均衡地分配给各地 区和城乡，这也会加快国家整体的 经济发展。
当代研究生英语读写教程上课件
Blogging
Blogging allows you to write about topics that interest you and develop a voice in your writing It also helps improve SEO skills and build an audience for your work
Practical application and case analysis
Business English Writing Skills
Clear purpose: Before writing, clarify the purpose and audience to ensure that the content is targeted.
Seek feedback
Getting feedback on your writing from a teacher, mentor, or writing partner can help identify areas that require improvement and provide constructive criticism to guide your progress
The structure and organization of writing are critical Starting with an introduction that hooks the reader's interest, followed by a clear and coherent body, and ending with a conclusion that wraps up the main points are essential
樊玲-研究生英语读写教程(基础级) unit 5教学课件
樊玲-研究生英语读写教程(基础级) unit 5教学课件Title: Unit 5 Teaching Presentation of Fang Ling's Graduate English Reading and Writing Tutorial (Basic Level)Introduction:Today, we will be diving into Unit 5 of Fang Ling's Graduate English Reading and Writing Tutorial at the basic level. Unit 5 focuses on essential reading and writing skills that will help students improve their English proficiency. This unit covers topics such as academic writing, critical thinking, and research skills.Lesson Objectives:1. Understand the importance of academic writing in the context of graduate studies.2. Develop critical thinking skills to analyze and evaluate information.3. Enhance research skills to conduct effective literature reviews.4. Practice writing clear and concise academic texts.Lesson Outline:1. Introduction to Academic Writing- Explain the purpose of academic writing and its significance in graduate studies.- Discuss the characteristics of academic writing, such as formal tone, clear structure, and citation of sources.2. Critical Thinking Skills- Define critical thinking and its role in academic writing.- Introduce strategies for critical reading, such as summarizing, analyzing, and evaluating texts.3. Research Skills- Explain the process of conducting research for academic writing.- Discuss effective ways to search for sources, evaluate their credibility, and integrate them into written work.4. Writing Practice- Provide sample writing prompts for students to practice applying academic writing principles.- Offer feedback on students’ writing and encourage peer review to improve writing skills.Conclusion:Unit 5 of Fang Ling's Graduate English Reading and Writing Tutorial at the basic level offers students a comprehensive overview of academic writing, critical thinking, and research skills. By mastering these skills, students will be better equipped to succeed in their graduate studies and beyond. Let’s work together to enhance our English proficiency and academic writing abilities!。
研究生英语 上课课件Unit 5
2005/5：国际空间站将遭弃置 最后期限迫在眉睫
上世纪90年代初，俄罗斯曾答应帮助伊朗在其境内建设布什尔核电站。 俄、伊在核能领域的合作引起了美国的不安。2000年，美国国会通过的 《防止向伊朗扩散法》规定，在美国确定俄罗斯没有向伊朗出口核武器 和生化武器技术之前，美国将不得购买任何有关俄罗斯的太空技术和其 提供的太空服务。因此，根据这个法律，美方向俄罗斯支付飞船运送费 用的行为属于违法行为。 虽然一些国会议员希望能够有新的协议允许更多的俄罗斯“联盟”号载 人飞船担任空间站的运输任务，但是如果不能够很好地处理好《防止向 伊朗扩散法》对购买俄罗斯太空技术的限制，问题将是“棘手的”。美 国国会科学委员会主席雪伍· 德波特说：“如果我们不能够与俄罗斯达成 一致的话，那么我们在空间站工作的宇航员将不能够支持太久。” 自2003年2月“哥伦比亚”号航天飞机发生空中解体事故后，美国暂时 停止了一切航天飞机的飞行，而代之以使用俄罗斯的载人和货运飞船向 国际空间站运送宇航员和物资。 豁免《防止向伊朗扩散法》，11艘俄罗斯“联盟”号载人飞船帮助美国 向国际空间站运送宇航员。最后一艘“联盟”号将在今年9月份携带一 名美国宇航员飞往空间站，预计于2006年4月返回地球。从此以后，美 国宇航局将必须依靠自己的飞船运送宇航员等。但是即便是美国的航天 飞机恢复正常飞行，美国宇航员也不能在国际空间站作长时间停留，因 为只有俄罗斯的“联盟”号载人飞船被美国宇航局获准可以在国际空间 站进行永久性的对接和救援服务。这样一来，美国科学家和宇航员承担 的有关人类长时间失重状态的课题研究就可能被无限期地拖延下去。
研究生英语综合教程崔校平Unit5课文翻译全文剖析
可编辑修改精选全文完整版Text AWhat in the Air Causes Lung Cancer?空气中的什么东西导致了肺癌？Many have assumed that air pollution causes cancer, but proof was lacking. Until now.许多人都认为空气污染会导致癌症，但缺乏证据。
直到现在。
Last month (October 2013)the World Health Organization's cancer arm, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), declared that air pollution is a carcinogen. While physicians and others have long intuited a relationship between poor air quality and malignancy, few scientific organizations officially recognized the link. Proof was lacking.上个月（2013年10月），世界卫生组织的癌症部门--国际癌症研究机构（IARC）宣布，空气污染是一种致癌物。
虽然医生和其他人长期以来一直认为恶劣的空气质量与恶性肿瘤之间存在关系，但很少有科学组织正式承认这种联系。
证据是缺乏的。
The new designation rests on findings of a large analysis published in Lancet Oncology. The ESCAPE trial drew data from registries involving over 312,000 individuals in nine European countries followed for over 12 years, on average. The investigators used several models to evaluate possible associations between the sizes, types, and density of particles in air, or traffic patterns, and lung cancer cases. They checked for social and economic factors, like fruit consumed per person, age, sex, and education levels that might confound the data, and assessed smoking habits. A total of 2,095 lung cancer cases emerged within the study population. The researchers observed a clear, positive correlation between the amount of particulate matter in air sampled near a person's address and the odds of developing lung cancer. They also identified a weaker but statistically significant link between the volume of road traffic near an individual's home and the chances of a lung cancer diagnosis.这项新的指定基于发表在《柳叶刀肿瘤学》上的一项大型分析的结果。
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ucture
Para.1-3 Science is a way of thinking and aims at finding out how the world works, A scientific mind is to think about the phenomena of the world and to examine it critically.
The first part
According to the author , science is more of a way of thinking than of a body of knowledge . Its goal is to find out how the world works ; to seek what regularities there may be , to penetrate the connections of things . Science cannot depend on our intuition or our percetion ; it is based on experiment , on the willingness to challenge old dogma , and on an openness to see the universe as it really is.
The Importance of science
科学是对自然、对宇宙、对生命的探索。发 现支配自然与生命现象的基本定律。 因此，科学对于人类的发展和社会的进步都 十分的重要。 对于研究生，掌握正确的科学的研究方法对 于我们的学习十分有利！
谢谢！
The fourth part
The search for rules,the only possible way to understand such a vast and complex universe,is called science. An ideal universe is an knowable one ,and at the same time,there is much unknown in it .The reason is clear : there will be no source of motivation for the thinking being if everything is known or if the universe is unknowable.
UNIT5 CAN WE KNOW THE UNIVERSE ?
REFLECTIONS ON A GRAIN OF SALT
Main idea
Science is a way of thinking and it aims at finding out how the world works. The universe is intractable, and even a grain of salt is very complicated and contains lots of information. But they are knowable. Human being has the capacity to understand the rules that governs the universe. And the search of rules and the only possible way to understand the universe is called science .
• This number is only one percent of the number of atoms in our our spect of salt. • Superficially,the human mind seems to be even unable to carry all the information about a grain of salt • So in this sense the universe is intractable, astonishingly immune to any human attempt at full knowledge. We cannot on this level understand a grain of salt, much less the universe.
Para.4-7 The universe is intractable. While human brains has limited information- carrying capacity. In this sense, we cannot understand a grain of salt, much less than the universe Para.8-9 In some sense, the universe is knowable. Human beings are capable of understanding the rules that governs the universe Para.10-11 The universe is complex. The search of rules and the only possible way to understand the universe is called science
Summary of the Text
This excerpt discusses how human beings can know the universe. Taking a grain of salt as an example, the author tries to illustrate that with regularities and natural laws the universe is knowable and that science is the only weapon for the human beings to understand the universe
The second part
The author uses the structure of a grain of salt to illustrate his point. In that grain of salt there are about 1016 sodium and chlorine atoms. There are perhaps 1011 neurons in the brain. A typical brain neuron has perhaps a thousand little wires, the total number of things knowable by the brain is no more than 1014
The third part
Look more deeply at our microgram of salt,we know that the position of every sodium and chlorine atom is predetermined. If the universe also has laws that govern its behavior to the same degree of regularity that determines a crystal of salt,then the universe would be knowable. Much knowledge which exceeded the informationcarrying capacity of the brain could be stored in books or computer memories.