形容词--形容词最高级的用法

形容词的比较级和最高级(1)

1. 在英语中，在表示“比较…”和“最…”时，形容词要用特别的形式，称为“比较级”和“最高级”，原来的形容词称为“原级”：

原级比较级最高级

strong强 stronger较强 strongest最强

2. 形容词的比较级和最高级的构成方法如下：

a. 单音节词和少数双音节词以加-er和-est的方式构成：

原级比较级最高级

young年轻 younger较年轻 youngest最年轻 old老 older较老 oldest最老

clean干净 cleaner较干净 cleanest最干净

在加词尾时要注意下面的各种情况：

b. 其他词都在前面加more, most构成比较级及最高级：

原级比较级最高级

important more important most important difficult more difficult most difficult interesting more interesting most interesting useful more useful most useful

3. 用比较级时常用than引起一个从句，表示和什么比较：His room is bigger than mine. 他的房间比我的房间大。She is younger than my sister. 她比我妹妹年轻。Exercises:

I. 学会下列形容词的比较级和最高级：

原级比较级最高级

1. tall taller tallest

strong stronger strongest

old older oldest

2. large larger largest

fine finer finest

late later latest

3. big bigger biggest

hot hotter hottest

thin thinner thinnest

4. easy easier easiest

busy busier busiest

happy happier happiest

5. valuable more valuable most valuable

dangerous more dangerous most dangerous comfortable more comfortable most comfortable II. 给出下面形容词的比较级和最高级：

1. bright

2. fat

3. lazy

4. safe

5. heavy

6. wide

7. high

8. close

9. long

10. dirty

11. sad

12. brave

13. silly

14. beautiful

15. early

16. prosperous

17. interesting

18. delicious

19. difficult

形容词的比较级和最高级(2)

1. 有几个形容词有特殊的比较级和最高级形式：

原级比较级最高级

good well better best

bad ill worse worst

many much more most

little less least

far farther further farthest furthest

old older elder oldest eldest

小贴士1：elder和eldest可用来表示兄弟和子女的长幼顺序：

my elder sister 我的姐姐

my eldest brother 我的大哥

their eldest son他们的长子

小贴士1：further表示“较远”外，还可表示“进一步的”；而farther仅表示距离：

The farther plants are too cold. 更远的行星太冷。

Do you need any further help? 你还需要更进一步的帮助吗？

2. 双音节词除了以“辅音＋y”结尾的词外，还有以ow, er, le结尾的词，和个别其他双音节词，可以用加词尾的办法构成

比较级和最高级：

原级比较级最高级

narrow narrower narrowest

clever cleverer cleverest

simple simpler simplest

common commoner commonest

3. 也有少数单音节词可以加more和most的办法构成比较级和最高级：

原级比较级最高级

pleased more pleased most pleased

tired more tired most tired

glad more glad most glad

Exercises:

I. 给出下面形容词的比较级和最高级：

1. bad

2. good

3. simple

4. common

5. far

6. narrow

7. old

8. little

9. happy

10. many

11. pleased

12. glad

13. much

14. tired

15. careful

16. comfortable

II. 在空格中填入所给形容词的适当形式：

1. She is two year ___ than me. She’s the ___ girl in our class. (young)

2. Bill is ___ than Tom. He’s the ___ of the three children. (old)

3. John is the ___ boy in the class. (clever)

4. Cairo is the ___ city in Egypt. (big)

5. Her bicycle is ___ than mine. (good)

6. My cold is ___ today than it was yesterday. (bad)

7. Tokyo is ___ from Beijing than from Shanghai. (far)

8. This question is ___ than the other one. (simple)

9. This street is ___ than Beijing Road. It’s actually the ___ street in the whole city. (narrow)

10. It is ___ in Hong Kong than in Kunming. (hot)

11. My cold is getting ___. (bad)

12. The ___ man has the ___ leisure. (busy, much)

13.I didn’t have the ___ desire to go to bed. (little)

14. Manchester is ___ from London than Oxford. (far)

15. They made ___ arrangements. (far)

16. I’l l try to make ___ mistakes in future. (few) 包含形容词比较级的句子

1. 包含形容词比较级的句子多带有一个由than引起的状

语从句，表示和什么相比，从句中有些词会省略掉：

She is taller than her elder sister. 她比她姐姐高。

This book is in simpler English than the other one. 这本书的英文比另一本容易。

Life was much harder than it is today. 那时的生活比现在苦得多。

Europe has less land than Canada. 欧洲的面积比加拿大小。

They are all younger than me. 他们都比我年轻。

She knows more English than I do. 她的英语比我懂的多。

2. 有时状语从句可以省略：

The weather is warmer today. 今天天气要暖和得多。

Are you feeling better now? 现在你感觉好一点了吗？

I’ll be more careful in future. 以后我要细心点。

Have you got a larger size? 你们有大一点的吗？

I had never seen a better film. 我没看过(比这)更好的电影。

3. 比较级前有时有一个状语修饰：

My sister is two years younger than me. 我妹妹比我小两岁。

Our room is slightly bigger than theirs. 我们的房间比他们的稍微大一点。

This car is a bit more expensive. 这辆车稍稍贵点。

You are an inch taller than Tom. 你比汤姆高一寸。

Your pronunciation is much better than mine. 你发音比我好多了。

4. 比较级的形容词还可以用在某些句型中：

Most cities in China are getting bigger and bigger. 中国大多数城市越来越大。

He read more than ten books last term. 上学期他看了十几本书。

The busier he is, the happier he feels. 他越忙越高兴。

Exercises:

I. 在空格中填入所给形容词的比较级：

1. The new buildings are much ___ than the old houses. (high)

2. You make ___ mistakes than I do. (few)

3. He looked ___ than I had expected. (strong)

4. It is ___ than I thought. (expensive)

5. It’s only 50 per cent ___ than our moon. (large)

6. Elizabeth was four minutes ___ than Jessica. (old)

7. I’m ___ at English than at geography. (bad)

8. ___ late than never. (good)

9. Jim was ill but he is ___ now. (well)

10. The day was growing ___. (hot)

11. Be ___ next time. (careful)

12. It’s ___ under the trees. (cool)

II. 把下面句子译为汉语：

1. The town has more than 7,000 people.

2. They spend more and more money on food.

3. She looked no more than sixteen.

4. I saw a tiny man, less than six inches high.

5. I found myself less and less interested in chemistry.

6. No less than a thousand people came to watch the game.

7. The weather is getting colder and colder.

8. The smaller the house is, the less it will cost to heat.

9. Tell them to come to see me ― the sooner the better.

10. I’m feeling a lot better today.

带as(so)… as的结构

1. 在表示“和…一样…”时，可用“as... as”结构(前面的as后要用原形)：

He is as busy as before. 他还是和以前一样忙。

I’ll give you as much help as I can. 我将尽量帮助你。

The airport was as crowded as ever. 机场还是像平常那样拥挤。

You’re as good a singer as Johny Buck. 你的歌唱得像约尼?伯克一样好。

Modern computers can be as small as a book. 现在的电脑可以像一本书那样大。

2. 在表示“不像…那样…”时可用“not as(so)... as”这种结构：

It isn’t so cold as yesterday. 今天不像昨天那样冷。

He is not so handsome as his brother. 他不像他哥哥那样英俊。

I’m not so experienced as you think. 我没有你想的那样有经验。

The situation is not so bad as had been painted. 形势没有描绘的那样糟糕。

Jack is not as(so) old as he looks. 杰克不像他看起来那样老。

3. 这种结构中也可包含一个状语或有almost, just, nearly, quite这类副词形容：

The whale was twice as long as her boat. 那头鲸有她的那艘船的两倍长。

Their house is about three times as big as ours. 他们的房子约为我们房子三倍大。

My command of English is not half so good as yours. 我的英语掌握得还不及你的一半好。

He was almost as diligent as his sister. 他几乎和她姐姐一样勤奋。

She is nearly as tall as her mother. 她几乎和她妈妈一样高。

4. as... as还可用在许多固定说法中：

as brave as a lion

as busy as a bee

as vain as a peacock

soft as velvet

as bright as day

as fat as a pig

as gentle as a lamb

easy as ABC

Exercises:

I. 把下列句子译为汉语：

1. She is not as clever as she appears to be.

2. I am not as young as you thought.

3. He was not as well off as his brother.

4. She was as much interested in music as ever.

5. John isn’t as tall as his brother.

6. I don’t smoke as much as I used to.

7. I can’t run as fast as you.

8. Our aim is to collect as much information as possible.

9. There were twice as many visitors as usual last weekend.

10. The damage wasn’t quite as bad as expected.

11. Her skin was white as snow.

12. She doesn’t play as well as her sister.

13. He doesn’t earn as much as I do.

14. They considered her opinion as valuable as any of ours.

15. We produced twice as much sugar as in the previous season.

16. She is as clever as (she is) beautiful.

II. 把下面短语译为汉语：

1. as loud as thunder

2. as light as feather

3. as patient as an ox

4. as quick as lightning

5. as round as an apple

6. as sour as vinegar

7. as strong as a horse

8. as stupid as a donkey

9. as sweet as honey

10. as white as snow

形容词最高级的用法

1. 形容词最高级有时单独使用，但前面需加定冠词：

What’s the best time to go there? 什么时候到那儿去最好？

Express mail is the fastest way to send a letter. 快递是寄信的最快办法。

It’s the latest fashion from Paris. 这是巴黎来的最新式样。

The oldest is only nine. 最大的才九岁。

The highest mountain in Japan is Fuji. 日本最高的山是富士山。

In Western Europe Germany has the most people. 在西欧德国人口最多。

2. 有时跟一个短语或从句说明在哪个范围内如此：

It is the largest island in Europe. 它是欧洲最大的岛。

Yesterday was the hottest day of the year. 昨天是今年最热的一天。

The Yangtze is the biggest river in our country. 长江是我国最大的河流。

It was the cheapest hotel we could find. 这是我们能找到的最便宜的旅馆。

This was the best beer (that) I have ever drunk. 这是我喝过的最好的啤酒。

It was the worst film we had ever seen. 这是我们看过的最糟的电影。

3. 形容词前有时有定语或状语修饰：

Its second largest city is Osaka. 它的第二大城市是大阪。

The third largest city is Los Angeles. 第三大城市是洛杉矶。

She was by far the most active member in our group. 她是我们小组最积极的成员。

4. 形容词最高级有时表示“非常”的意思，这时前面可加不定冠词或不加定冠词：

It’s a most touching story. 这是一个非常动人的故事。

It was most stupid to act like that. 这样做是非常愚蠢的。

5. 形容词最高级还可用在某些短语中(这时常转化为名词)：

She is ten years old at most. 她至多十岁。

We’ll do our best. 我们将尽力而为。

Exercises:

I. 把下面句子译为汉语：

1. London is the largest city in Britain.

2. He was the kindest man we had met.

3. This is the oldest theatre in Beijing.

4. She is the most diligent student in our class.

5. He was the most dangerous person in that area..

6. Paul is the strongest boy in the kindergarten.

7. That was the best film I had ever seen.

8. Berlin is the most important city in Germany.

9. George is the eldest of their four children.

10. She was not the least bit tired, though she had worked all day.

11. He is a most remarkable man.

II. 在下面句子中的习惯用语下划线：

1. He must weigh 200 pounds, at least.

2. She didn’t trust him in the least.

3. He looked 20 at (the) most.

4. I did my best to win the competition.

5. The garden is at its best this month.

6. I’ll do it to the best of my ability.

7. Mother tried her best not to smile.

8. Saturn has a family of at least 10 moons.

9. I’m not in the least interested in what he is saying.

10. To the best of my knowl edge he isn’t in Hong Kong.