闸北区--2015届上海高三英语一模试卷及答案
闸北区2014学年度第一学期高三英语学科期末练习卷（2014.12.30）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After you hear the conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. On University campus B. in a department storeC. In a Community ServiceD. On a street2. A. Husband and wife B. Headmaster and teacherC. Teacher and parentD. Shop assistant and customers3.A. Spring B. Summer C. Autumn D. Winter4. A. Interesting B. Positive C. Opposite D. Boring5. A. She was terribly sick.B. She arrived for work narrowly.C. She walked to work every day.D. She was always late for work.6. A. The woman shouldn’t let her daughter wear so scary clothes.B. Her daughter’s Halloween dress wasn’t smart enough.C. She couldn’t have spent too much money on the dress.D. She couldn’t encourage her daughter to celebrate Halloween.7. A. Playing tennis.B. Writing term paper.C. Gathering materials.D. Holding a meeting.8. A. Gaby was a good neighbour.B. Gaby didn’t think highly of his neighbours.C. Gaby often told wrong stories.D. Gary often quarrels with his neighbours.9. A. 40. B. 60. C. 80. D. 120.10. A. The woman pretends to be pregnant.B. Men here are not polite enough.C. Men aren’t allowed to smoke here.D. The woman shouldn’t complain about the men here.Section BDirections: in Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. They cooked a meal excellently with given ingredients.B. They were recommended by Manchester restaurant.C. They were asked to replace two former high quality chefs.D. They were selected by the school parents board.12. A. The cost of the meal has risen.B. Some pupils complained about the meal.C. Children get bored with the meals at home.D. The chefs can’t handle so many meals a day.13. A. Because they are from a famous restaurant.B. Because they pay attention to what pupils like.C. Because they are highly paid.D. Because they are good at communicating with parents.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Looking like humans. B. Having two wheels.C. Being mobile and communicative.D. Having essential working ability.15. A. 82. B. 86. C. 273. D. 300.16. A. They got there through a land bridge.B. They got there on foot.C. They got there by the sea.D. They got there following animals’ footprints.Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you hear.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation:Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation:II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: Read the following two passages. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word. For the other blanks, fill in each blank with one proper word. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct.(A)Are you on a diet? Then maybe you should consider (25)_________(sit) by the window the next time you eat out.A new book claims that (26)________ you sit in a restaurant can affect how many you consume.A New research found that people sitting farthest from the front door ate the fewest salads and were 73 percent (27)________(likely) to order dessert.Those seated at a dark table ate heavier food and ordered more of it (28)______ diners seated at bright bar tables ordered more salads and fewer desserts.According to the researchers, the darker it is, the more invisible you (29)______ feel, the less easy it is to see how much you’re eating and the less guilty you are when you eat more.In contrast, (30) ________(see) the sunlight, people or trees outside might make you more conscious of (31)________ you look, might make you think about walking or might make you want a green salad.The researchers also noted that slim diners chewed around 15 times per mouthful, three chews more than heavier diners. By eating more slowly, the diner consumes less in the time (32)_________ takes for the brain to register satisfaction.(B)Beijing’s annoying smog(雾) seems to have hurt the city’s appeal to tourists. Last year, Beijing Youth Daily reported that the number of visitors to Beijing (33)_________(fall) 50 percent since January. It’s said that the city’s bad air quality was to blame for the decline. It’s also more difficult (34) _______(attract) high-end employees to work in Beijing, especially those with children.However, the blanket of poisonous smog hasn’t hurt Beijing’s office market, (35)_______ has jumped up quickly on a global ranking to become the fourth-most-expensive location to rent office space in the world. According to a recent research, office space in Beijing’s Central Business District costs (36)________ average $1,412 per square meter per year.That’s more expensive than No.5-rankes central Tokyo or No.6-rangked Madison & Fifth Avenues in New York. The research took into consideration both (37)________ (publish) rental rates and “additional costs,” which include agent fees and (38)_________costs to make the deal happen.London (39)_________ (remain) the world’s most expensive city in which to rent office space. Hong Kong, home to the priciest office space in Asia, comes in second globally. The cities (40)___________(experience) the highest annual growth in office rental rates are both in South Africa with 40 percent rate rise for Durban and 44 percent for Sandton.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Music has been playing a major role in the lives of teenagers for decades and today’s teens are no ____41_____. Teens listen to over 2.5 hours of music per day. Earbuds, Mp3players, and smartphones make it easy for teens to listen to music while they go about much of their daily lives.The digital world also means that parents must face new challenges when it comes to a teen’s music. In the past---when music was ___42_____ through audio tape or CD, it was much easier for parents to be aware of a teen’s musical ___43_____. But mow that teens have free access to millions of songs and music videos through the internet, parents are less likely to be ____44____ of what their teens are listening to.Today, it’s hard to believe that today’s over-50-years people used to be ___45_____ against Elvis Presley’s dance moves. Fast-forward to the present day and the society has certainly become more ____46____ of many strange forms of art.As for parents, music is a powerful tool and certainly music with pro-social or warm lyrics(歌词) can be a(n)___47_____ influence in teens. It’s important to take an active approach when ____48_____ your teen’s musical interests. Get your teen to talk to you. Ask questions without passing ___49_____. Always be curious and inquire about what your teen looks for in music and talk about what ____50____ can be found in certain songs.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Gallup used to conduct a poll(投票) that asked students to name the school subject that they considered to be the most difficult. Not ____51____, mathematics came out on top of the difficulty chart. So what is it about math that makes it difficult? defines the word “difficult” as “not easily or readily done; requiring much ____52___ or planning to be performed successfully.”This definition gets to the point of the problem when it comes to math. What makes math difficult is that it takes patience and persistence. For many students, math is not something that comes ___53_____. It takes effort. It is a subject that sometimes requires students to devote lots and lots of time and ___54_____.This means, for many, the problem has little to do with brain power; it is mostly a matter of staying power. And since students don’t make their own timelines, they can ___55____ the time as the teacher moves on to the next topic.In fact, there is also an element of brain style in the big picture, according to many scientists. They believe that people are born with ___56____math understanding skills. Logical, left-brain thinkers tend to understand things in sequential bits, while artistic, intuitive, right-brainers aremore ___57____. They take in a lot of information at one time and allow time to let it “sink in”. so left-brain students may grasp concepts __58____ while right-brain students don’t. To the right brain student, time loss can make them feel confused and behind. Unfortunately in busy classrooms with too many students, students are mot always ___59____ enough time. We have to move on, ready or not.Math know-how is also cumulative(积累), which means it works much like a pile of building blocks. You have to gain enough ___60___ in one area before you can effectively go on to “build upon”another area. Our first mathematical building blocks are established in primary school, when we learn ____61___ for addition and multiplication, and those first concepts become our ___62__. These mathematical concepts or knowledge has to sink in and become ___63___ before students can move on to challenge the next stage of new concepts. However, teachers don’t have time to ensure that every single student understands every single concept. So some students move to the next level with really shaky knowledge system. ___64____, as they climb the ladder, they may meet with more and more difficulties and might ___65_____ complete failure at some point.51. A. surprisingly B. interestingly C. necessarily D. similarly52. A. emotion B. labor C. curiosity D. money53. A. regularly B. possibly C. automatically D. secretly54. A. space B. confidence C. character D. energy55. A. make up for B. run out of C. take advantage of D. add up to56. A. steady B. abstract C. different D. sharp57. A. negative B. global C. simple D. specific58. A. quickly B. typically C. patiently D. strangely59. A. reminded about B. exposed to C. blessed with D. accused of60. A. praises B. scores C. material D. blocks61. A. conditions B. rules C. aims D. choices62. A. thought B. attitude C. foundation D. source63. A. native B. accessible C. firm D. superior64. A. In addition B. In contrast C. For example D. In result65. A. realize B. acknowledge C. suffer D. regretSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.(A)October 17, 1989 is a day San Francisco will never forget. On that day, an uncommon number of tragedies took place. It was also a day when total strangers became linked. The story of Jim Betts and Julio Berumen is a moving example of one such meeting.On that day, Petra Berumen took her daughter Cathy to the dentist. Also in the car was her son six-year-old Julio and their family friend Yolanda. Soon after Petra drove onto the highway, disaster struck. Without warning, the earth began to shake.The damage was terrible. Hugh trees bent as if they were made of rubber. Streets cracked and buildings collapsed. At least a stretch of the highway had crashed onto the lower level.Then as quickly as it started, the earthquake stopped. The Berumens’s car had been crushed be the steel. Petra and Yolanda were killed instantly. Cathy escaped unhurt but Julio, though still alive, was in danger. Not only was his right leg pinned down by the steel, he was also squeezed between the dead bodies of his mother and Yolanda.Rescuers had calmed Julio by the time Jim Betts, a doctor from Oakland Hospital, arrived. For two hours, Jim tried to free Julio with two bare hands. He did not stop to worry about the fact that aftershocks could send the highway to the ground. As soon as Julio was breathing, Jim kept working. However, Julio was languishing. Jim realized that he had only one choice. He would have to cut the boy’s right leg at the knee. Conditions were far from ideal. It was hot inside the car. Darkness had fallen outside.With great care, Jim started the operation. He had to try risky methods. Finally Julio was free.Those hours on the highway were like a nightmare. Jim said: “If my family members were up there badly hurt, they would urgently need help like that.” Though the day the earthquake tore many things apart, it also brought brave people together.66. The San Francisco earthquake was an uncommon event for Julio and Jim because _________.A. the earth shook violently and suddenlyB. they became linked unexpectedlyC. they neither could see the broken highwayD. they both lost their family members67. In the fifth paragraph, Julio was languishing, which means that he was _________.A. about to dieB. complaining about the painC. losing his voiceD. crying68. According to the passage, Jim _________.A. successfully performed the operationB. had necessary equipment to rescue JulioC. was able to save Julio’s right legD. had one family member operated on69. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. The Berumens were trying to leave the dangerous city when the earthquake struck.B. Two people of the Berumen family finally survived from the earthquake.C. Knowing aftershocks would come soon, Jim tried to rescue Julio from the car.D. The conditions were agreeable enough for Jim to perform the operation.(B)At the end of the year, our magazine is revealing our annual food and shopping predictions based on our research.Grazing Golden-Agers:Ninety-one percent of people say they snack daily, according to Nielsen. While snacking is on the rise among all ages and genders, research shows that snacking among consumers over the age of 65 could contribute to additional years with a higher quality of life. We’ll see more boomers-those raised in the “three square meals a day” period-employ a “grazing” approach toeating foods rich in nutrients like protein, fiber and Omega3 that can help promote bone health.Same-Day Delivery Not Just for City Clickers:Online grocery shopping and delivery has become a crowded space, with a host of services competing for consumer attention. This trend allows everyone who sells food to be in the same-day delivery business without having to add additional operational facilities. Look for Google Shopping Express to put every supermarket in the same day delivery business and change consumer behavior to shop online for food to be delivered to homes fresh for each meal. You now can throw your refrigerator away!The Rise of Fermented Foods:The next year will be the year when fermented (发酵的) foods-foods like yogurt, pickles(泡菜) take center stage. These foods contain live cultures, or are preserved in liquid so their sugars and other seasonings can become bacteria-promoting agents. In fact, a survey has found that nearly 50 percent of Americans have shown interest in fermented foods, who, especially those over 60s, have improved a lot in digestion. However, if treated inappropriately, the bacteria hidden in these foods might have our hospitals full of sick dinners. Therefore make sure to study the cooking skills well before you these foods.Supermarkets change into Socializing Spaces:Supermarkets have evolved from straightforward centers where consumers could buy groceries to providers of lifestyle. Supermarkets are developing a variety of services that help to establish each outlet as a showcase of lifestyle trends. A desi re to be “all things food” to their customers, young and old, is positioning the supermarkets as head to head competitors with chain and local restaurants. Cooking classes, and online home-made recipes are also giving consumers reasons beyond a grocery list to step inside their neighborhood supermarkets instead of a local restaurant.70. The passage advises readers to give up refrigerator because_____A. people eat more snacks which don’t have to be put in refrigeratorsB. the refrigerators has become useless operational facilities for food sellersC. food can be sent to customers within short time and freezing is not neededD. Fermented foods can be kept in normal temperature for much more time.71. For fermented foods, people must guarantee that______A. live cultures should be introduced while eating themB. these help in digestion should be introduced to the publicC. bacteria should be killed before being put into the foodsD. cooking should be conducted carefully to avoid disease72. It is implied in the last paragraph that______A. supermarkets sell recipes for trendy lifestyle to customersB. supermarkets used to be friends of chain and local restaurantsC. people can apply for cooking classes and obtain recipes in supermarketsD. Cooking classes encourage people to make food rather than dine out73. The two trends that are particularly good for the elderly are_____A. eating snacks and fermented foodsB. eating snacks and one-day deliveryC. one-day delivery and socializing supermarketsD. fermented foods and socializing supermarkets(C)Today, home-ownership has reached extremely high levels. Modern generations tend to believe there is something wrong with them if they rent. However, is high home-ownership really as people imagine? Staring at data first, we realize that the most successful, stable, attractive country in the Western world is Switzerland. It has tiny unemployment; wealth; high happiness and mental-health scores. Does it have high home-ownership rates? Absolutely not. In Switzerland, about seven in ten of the population are renters. Yet, with Europe’s lowest home-ownership rate, the nation thrives. Now go to the other end of the misery distribution. Spain has approximately the highest home-ownership rate in Europe (at more than 80%). But one-quarter of its population are unemployed.A likely reason is that high levels of home-ownership mess up the labour market. In a sensibly functioning economy it is easy for people to move around to drop into the vibrant job slots thrown up by technological change. With a high degree of owner-occupation, everything slows. Folk get stuck. Renters can go to new jobs. In that way they do the economy a favours. As Friedman said, the rate of unemployment depends on the flexibility of the housing market.Next we come to economic breakdown. Most analysts accept that at heart it was the housing market-obsessive pursuit of homes, the engendered mortgage(房贷) lending and an unavoidable house-price crash-that sank the Western world. Germany, say, with its more efficient rental market, had a far smoother ride through trouble.As for the monetary system, in the past few decades, in the hope of getting untaxed capital gains way above their true labour earnings, many people threw their spare cash into buying larger houses or building extra bedrooms. TV programmes about how to make easy money, beautiful rising house prices, and most importantly, our faulty tax system encouraged that. When at some point market broke down, everyone suffered. Our countries ought, instead, to design tax systems that encourage people to invest in productive real activities and in innovation. Renting leaves money free for better purposes.That also points to the role of sensible budgeting over a person’s lifetime. Why should we think that when we die it is necessary to have paid off an entire house? Our children do not deserve it. Let them pay for themselves. We should rent-and enjoy our lives with the money saved.Finally, moderation usually pays off. Our scientific understanding of how economies function is horribly limited. This suggests that the golden rule should be to avoid extremes. A50-50mix of home-ownership and renting, not the 70-30 split that is now observed in so many Western nations, makes sense.74. The cases of Switzerland and Spain prove that_____A. low home-ownership rate at about 30% is most favourable for economyB. home-ownership mainly decides a country’s citizens’ mental healthC. home-ownership has a lot to do with a country’s technological developmentD. low home-ownership increases the mobility of job market and economy75. The main reason to make people invest in housing market is____A. the problematic taxing approach favouring house buyingB. people’s des ire to avoid their money from devaluingC. easy channels to obtain methods to make easy moneyD. people’s wishes to live in large and more comfortable houses76. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. Switzerland suffers the worse unemployment in EuropeB. Renting allows more money into more creative economic activitesC. Germany’s effective mortgage system saw it through the western economic crisisD. Our children have the right to enjoy the housing property we have paid off77. What opinion does the author agree with most?A. People should learn the workings of housing marketB. Laws should be set up to stop people from buying housesC. An adequate rate of home-ownership should be keptD. People should follow the good example of Europe in housing investmentSection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.The herds of bulls and horses depicted running along the walls of the Lascaux caves in France are among the most magnificent examples of prehistoric art ever discovered.But rather than displaying hunting scenes, new evidence suggests that the images actually represent the frightening sounds which came from the mouths of the caves.US researcher Steven Waller believes that the echoes(回声) of clapping outside the cave would have sounded like hundreds of animal feet drumming on the ground. He proposes that the caves were preserved for their sound properties, which prehistoric peoples mistook for supernatural noises.Ancient stories explained echoes from the mouths of certain giant caves as replies from spirits, so our ancestors chose to decorate these caves with paintings believing that they were inhabited by spirits and gods.Beside animal sounds, many ancient cultures attributed thunder in the sky to ‘thunder gods,’ so it makes sense that some lasting echoes within the caves were interpreted as thunder and inspired paintings of those thunder gods on cave walls.The idea is also supported by audio theory, which shows statistically significant similarities between the rock are sites and modern sound reflection equipment.As for the presence of the famous Stonehenge(巨石阵) in Britain, Mr. Walker also suggests it may have been the sound of the prehistoric monument, rather than the sight, that inspired its creation.He claims that its architects may have been trying to recreate a sound-effect similar to the ritual sound made during religious dancing.People taking part in a religious dance around a pair of pipes would have heard the music grow quieter as they moved past certain pipes due to a natural phenomenon known as an ‘interference pattern.’ If they were blindfold, it would have created the illusion that t he sound was intermittently being reduced by invisible gods as they danced. According to Dr. Walker, the effects became so impressive that ancient people attempted to capture it in store. Therefore the Stonehenge appeared.However some British experts said that it was clear that Stonehenge had been created over several centuries rather than being ‘thrown up overnight.’They claimed that there was no question in the traditional view that lining up along the mid-summer sunrise and mid-winter sunset was the ultimate purpose for its building.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)78. According to ancient people, who lived in the big caves?79. Modern sound science finds that ____ and _____ have much in common.80. According to Walker, how was the sound made weaker during religious dancing?81. The traditional view believes that Stonehenge was built in order to ______.II卷（共47分）I．Translation(22分)Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 玛丽的表演从来没有这样令人印象深刻。
2015年高考英语模拟试题上海卷
2015年高考英语模拟试题上海卷（考试时间120分钟，满分150分。
请将答案填写在答题纸上）第Ⅰ卷 (共103分)I. Listening Comprehension（略）II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)Don't Take the Fun Out of Youth SportsWhen I joined a private football league a few years ago, the sport meant everything to me. My coach said I had lots of potential, and I became captain of my team. That was before all the fun (25)_______(take) out of playing.At first, everyone on the team got equal playing time. Then the team moved up to the top division after winning all its games, and the pressure started. Some parents, who (26)_____(pay) the coach extra (27)_____return for their daughters' private one-on-one training, got angry when she didn't give them more playing time. The coach was replaced. The new coach, however, took all the fun out of the game: All we did during practice was run. We ran so much that, afterwards, we had trouble (28) ______（breathe).Younger people shouldn't be doing exercises (29)______ (design) for 18-year-olds.I was thin before I started football, but as a member of this team I wouldn't eat much, because I thought to (30) _____ that I was afraid of being too full to run. Finally, I ended up leaving the football team. Four other girls did the same, two of (31)______stopped playing football completely.That's sad because they had so much potential. They were just burned-out with all the pressure they felt from the coach or their parents.I continued playing football at school and rediscovered my love for it. I joined a private team and the coach told me I needed to relax because I looked nervous. After I calmed down, I played better. When you enjoy something, it is a lot (32)______(easy) to do it well.(B)How to Be a WinnerSteven Redgrave---Winner of 5 Olympic Gold Medals"In 2012 I was found to have developed lung disease. (33)______ (believe) my career was over, I felt extremely low. Then one of the specialists said there was no reason why I should stop training and competing. That was it----the encouragement I needed. I could still be a winner (34) ______ _______ _______I believed in myself. I am not saying that it isn't difficult sometimes. But I wanted to prove to myself that hard (35) ______the condition was, I wasn't finished yet. Nothing is to stand in my way."Karen Pickering-Swimming World Champion"I swim 4 hours a day, 6 days a week. I manage that sort of workload by putting it on top of my diary. This is the key to success − you (36) ____ not bear following a career in any field without being well-organized. List (37) _____ you believe you can achieve. Trust yourself, write down your goals for the day, however small they are, and you'll be a step closer to achieving them."Kirsten Best-Poet &Writer"When things are getting hard, a voice inside my head tells me I can't achieve something. Then, there are other influencing factors, such as family or hobbies. The key is to concentrate, (38) _____ helps a lot to repeat words s uch as ‘ calm’, ‘peace’ or ‘focus’, either out loud or silently in my mind when I feel tense. It makes me (39)_______( feel) more in control and increases my confidence. This is a habit that can become second nature quite easily and is (40)______powerful psychological tool."Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Most individuals experience some form of test anxiety when they take an important examination. This anxiety can 41 itself in physical symptoms like nausea or sweaty palms, or in emotional symptoms like panic and irritability. Often, individuals will become nervous long before the exam date because they feel 42 by the amount of material they must master. The first step in 43 this anxiety is realizing that test anxiety is a natural reaction, and that it can be 44 . In order to regain control over anxiety, one should break the exam 45 into smaller sections. It will seem much easier to master a series of small subjects than to handle a huge subject all at once.Test-takers should make a study schedule weeks or months ahead of the exam, and give themselves a small amount to learn each period. When the exam day 46 arrives, anxiety will be reduced by the feeling of preparedness. Apart from that, anxiety can be lessened in a few easy ways. First, avoid having any excessively stimulating foods, such as those 47 caffeine or sugar, on the day of the exam. Getting a good night's sleep and a little bit of exercise will 48 one's brain and allow for easy 49 of the learned material. During the exam, breathe deeply and sit in a comfortable position. On exams where this is possible, many people find comfort in going through and answering all of the easy questions before 50 the more difficult ones.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: Directions:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.When you say that someone has a good memory, what exactly do you mean? Are you saying that the person has fast recall or that he or she ___51___ information quickly? Or maybe you just mean that the person remembers a lot about her or his childhood. The truth is that it is ___52___ to say exactly what memory is. Even scientists who have been studying memory for decades say they are still trying to ___53___ exactly what it is. We do know that a particular memory is not just one thing stored somewhere in the brain. ___54___, a memory is made up of bits and pieces of information stored all over the brain. Perhaps the best way to ___55___ memory is to say that it is a process—a process of recording, storing, and getting back information. Practice and repetition can help to ___56___ the pieces that make up our memory of that information.Memory can be ___57___ affected by a number of things. ___58___ nutrition can affect a person’s ability tostore information. Excessive alcohol use can also weaken memory and cause permanent ___59___ to the brain over the long term. A vision or hearing problem may affect a person’s ability to notice certain things, thus making it ___60___ to register information in the brain.When people talk about memory, they often ___61___ short-term memory and long-term memory. If you want to call a store or an office that you don’t call often, you look in the telephone book for the number. You dial the number, and then you forget it! You use your short-term memory to remember the number. Your short-term m emory lasts about 30 seconds, or half a minute. ___62___, you don’t need to look in the telephone book for your best friend’s number, because you already know it. This number is in your long-term memory, which ___63___ information about things you have learned and experienced through the years.Why do you forget things sometimes? The major reason for forgetting something is that you did not learn it well enough ___64___. For example, if you meet some new people and right away forget their names, it is because you did not ___65___ the names at the first few seconds when you heard them.51. A. collects B. processes C. publishes D. absorbs52. A. necessary B. important C. difficult D. convenient53. A. figure out B. take out C. put out D. give out54. A. After all B. Instead C. By contrast D. Besides55. A. recall B. refresh C. describe D. decrease56. A. lose B. organize C. identify D. strengthen57. A. positively B. negatively C. actively D. directly58. A. Poor B. Adequate C. Special D. Various59. A. benefit B. offence C. effect D. damage60. A. easier B. more impressive C. harder D. more convenient61. A. refer to B. apply for C. come across D. break down62. A. Furthermore B. However C. Consequently D. Otherwise63. A. leaks B. transmits C. checks D. stores64. A. in the middle B. at the end C. in the beginning D. ahead of time65. A. restore B. record C. replace D. respondSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)In 1801, Giuseppe Piazzi discovered a new object in the sky. He thought it was an undiscovered comet. After further observation, he realized that it behaved more like a small planet than a comet. Piazzi named it Ceres after the Sicillian goddess of grain. Ceres remains the largest known asteroids（小行星）in the sky. It means almost 600 miles（1,000 km) in diameter. By the end of the nineteenth century, several hundred other asteroids had been identified.Tens of thousands of asteroids have since been discovered, with thousands more found each year. Asteroids are masses of rock and metal that orbit（绕轨道而行）the sun between Mars and Jupiter. They did not form into planets because the perturbations of Jupiter kept them moving too fast to join together. The total mass of all of the asteroids is less than the size of Earth’s moon.Some of the asteroids move in orbits outside the zone between Mars and Jupiter. Asteroids that come relatively close to Earth are known as near-Earth asteroids(NEAs). Scientists estimate that about 1,000 of these asteroids are 0.6 miles(1km) in diameter. An asteroid of this colliding（碰撞）with Earth would be disastrous.Scientists have found two sites where giant asteroids struck Earth millions of years ago. One asteroid hit Antarctica about 250 million years ago. Another asteroid struck Mexico’s Yucantan Peninsula around 65 million years ago, leaving a hole 112 miles(180km) wide and 1,000 yards (915m) deep. One theory blames the extinction of the dinosaurs on this asteroids’s collision with Earth and the climate change that resulted from its impact.Occasionally, small asteroids strike Earth. These cause little damage. Major collision, such as the one that may have killed the dinosaurs, occur rarely--perhaps only once every 100 million years.Although the chance of an asteroid striking the planet anytime soon is small, scientists continue to study the orbits of asteroids in the sky. They pay particularly close attention to the asteroids whose paths are close to Earth, and have even landed a spacecraft on an NEA named Eros. Their work helps them learn about the formation of the solar system. It may even help them discover ways to avoid an asteroid disaster in the future.66.Which of the following statement is NOT true about asteroids?A. Asteroids are composed of rock and metal.B. Asteroids orbit the sun between Mars and Jupiter.C. Large near-Earth asteroids are sure to strike Earth.D. A large asteroid colliding with Earth would cause a disaster.67.The word “perturbations”(paragraph 2) is closest in meaning to “ ”.A. Formation of rocksB. Disturbance of motionC. Estimation of scientistsD. Influences of size68.What scientists have found implies thatA. two sites of Earth hit giant asteroids millions of years agoB. Antarctica was once struck by an asteroid millions of years agoC. one asteroid left a huge hole in Mexico 250 million years agoD. the extinction of dinosaurs resulted in asteroid’s collision with Earth69.Which of the following events happened third according to the passage?A. Giuseppe Piazzi discovered a new object and name it Ceres.B. Scientists had a spacecraft land on Eros to learn more about the solar system.C. Asteroids orbiting the sun failed to form into planets.D. Several hundred asteroids had been identified by the end of the nineteenth century.(B)70.The Motion Picture Association of America aims to_______A. Conclude box-office data and give reportsB. make full use of bold charts and graphsC. download relative reports from the websitesD. control U.S. Theatrical Market Statistics71.Which of the following is true about the U.S. Movie industry’s box-office revenues?A. The revenues coming from international audiences totaled $8.41 billion in 2005.B. The revenues produces from domestic audiences added up to $25.82 billion in 2009.C. The foreign revenues grew more compared with domestic ticket sales from 2008.D. A film firstly made more than $400 million both at home and abroad in 2009.72.Highlights of the report include the following aspects except______A. the U.S. movie indust ry’s box-office revenuesB. the numbers of the newly released U.S. MoviesC. the status of film lovers’ going to the cinemasD. the U.S. Movie admission to six large studios73.Why does MPAA describe itself as “The V oice and Advocate of the American Motion Picture, Home Video and Television Industries”?A. Because MPAA is an organization with no intention to earn money.B. Because MPAA is made up of all the large studios throughout America.C. Because MPAA devotes itself to working standing for the film industry.D. Because MPAA runs a world-wide web site reflecting the Motion Picture.(C)For age the word has been going around that the dog is the man’s best friend. I agree. A dog can be hardly as a night watchman around the house, as a pointer on a hunting trip, as a guardian and playmate for the children.But I think that having a dog for a pet is so expensive and annoying that I can do without such a friend.Providing for the dog’s needs is so expensive that the animals should be an incom e tax deduction(扣除). There’s the medical bill for shots to keep the animal healthy. Unless it’s kept in the house 24 hours a day, a female must be given “preventive maintenance” a ten-to twenty-dollar investment. Otherwise, before you know it , you’ll have more “income tax deductions” in your family. And dogs have to eat. Don’t think you can buy a case of Ken-L-Ration and be done with it. A dog can be as particular about food as a French expert. To feed even a Chihuahua, a very small Mexican dog, you’ll spend three to five dollars a week. If you own a big, you need a large dog-house. They’re expensive. A carpenter will build a luxurious model for about seventy-five dollars. For about thirty dollars’ worth of materials, a weekend’s work, and a smashed thumb, you can build a simple one yourself. And these are only the major costs.A dog is so annoying that no one in his right mind would want to own one. Consider the dog owner blessed with a dog that fetches-slippers, rubber toys, newspapers. Have you eased your bare feet into slippers bitten by dogs, seen a living room destroyed by a toy boxer, tried to read a newspaper chewed to wet pieces by an obedient Boston bull? And dogs make noise. Some huge dogs bark all night. But you aren’t the only one to endure sleepless nights; you r neighbors let you know they didn’t sleep either. Policemen are frequent visitors to dog owners’ homes. They inquire about holes reported dug in neighbors’ flower beds, prize cats injured and bleeding, and pet chickens and ducks sent to their reward. Suspect: your dog! You deny everything, of course. Rex, you assure the officers, was asleep by the door. But you secretly suspect him, because you don’t really know where Pex was all week. And you remember wondering why feathers were floating in his water bowl yesterday. Dogs are annoying. Neither a fire-breathing mother-in-law nor a talkative wife prove more annoying to man than a dog.Dog lovers will, of course, claim my argument one-sides, even exaggerated. They might consider me as cruel as the Russians, who possibly attempting to solve their own canine crisis--shot Fido into orbit. But the fact remains, if our best friends caused us the expense and annoyance our dog does, we’d soon encouraged them to become astronauts.74.Which statement is NOT true about the dog as man’s best friend?A. A dog will help to watch people.B. A dog will guard your house at night.C. A dog will play with your children.D. A dog will serve as a guide for the hunters.75.In paragraph2, “preventive maintenance” means a measur e to_____.A. keep the dog in the house the whole dayB. invest ten to twenty dollars in female pregnantC. prevent a female dog from becoming pregnantD. provide for the food that dogs eat76.Policemen frequently visit dog owners’ homes because______.A. the police station was destroyed by dogsB. neighbor’s domestics pets were killed or injured.’C. they want to ask about neighbor’s flowersD. they can’t stand sleepless nights any more77.From the last two paragraphs, we can learn that______.A. a dog is not as annoying as a fire-breathing mother-in-lawB.it is more difficult for man to cope with a talkative wife than with a dogC. dog lovers prove to be as cruel as the Russians in the argumentD. a dog is a troublemaker that causes its owner the most annoyance.Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.The paper is written in an attempt to discuss what the creative process is .Though much theory has accumulated ,little is really known about the power that lies at the bottom of poetic creation. It is true that great poets and artists produce beauty by employing all the powers of personality and by combing emotions, reason, and intuitions(直觉). But what is the magical synthesis(合成) that joins and arranges these complex parts into poetic unity?John L.Lowes, in his justly famous” The Road to Xanadu,” developed one of the earliest and still generally acceptable answers to this interesting question. Imaginative creation. He concludes, is a complex process in which the conscious and unconscious minds jointly operate. “there is ….the deep well with its chaos(杂乱) of accidently mixing images ,but there is likewise the vision which sees shining in and through the chaos of the potential lines of form , and with the vision, the controlling will ,which gives to that potential beauty actuality.”The deep well is the unconscious mind that is peopled with the facts, ideas , feelings of the conscious activity. The imaginative vision, an unconscious activity, shines through the land of chaos, of lights and shadows , silently seeking pattern and form. Finally, the conscious mind again, through will , captures and embodies the idea in the final work of art. In this way is unity born out of chaos.Though there can be no absolute certainty, there is general agreement that the periods in the development of a creative work parallel (与….相似)，to some extent ,Lowes’s theory of well , vision , form and will. There are at least three stages in the creative process: preparation, inspiration, work.In a sense, the period of preparation is all of the writer’s life. It is the deep well. It is especially a period of concentration which gives the unconscious mind an opportunity to communicate with the conscious mind. When remembrance of things past reaches the conscious level of the writer’s mind, he is ready to go on with the process. Part of this preparation involves learning a medium---learning a language, learning how to write, learning literary forms. It is important to note here that form cannot be imposed upon the idea. Evidence, though not enough, shows that the idea gives birth to the form that can best convey it. It is the vision, according to Lowes, that sees shining in and through the chaos of the potential lines of form.(Answer the questions or complete the statements in no more than TEN words)78.John L. Lowes has provided an acceptable answer to the question of ______________________.79._________________________are the four elements of John L. Lowes’ theory.80. How does the preparation stage contribute to the development of a creative work?81.According to the passage, what is the relationship between the idea and form.第Ⅱ卷（共47分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 前天，许多物理学家出席了颁奖典礼。
上海市各区2015届高三英语一模试卷分类汇编：选词填空
2014-2015学年高三英语一模汇编---- 选词填空Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once.Officials at Boston College have made what may be a critical decision: they’ve stopped giving out new email accounts to incoming students. The officials realized that the students had already established digital__41_ _ by the time they entered college, so the new email address were just not being used, but, 42 , the college will offer forwarding(转发) services.Starting next year, freshman 43 at Boston College won’t be given an actual email account complete with login and inbox, just an email address. This address, in the format of johnsmith@ will simply forward mail to the students already_ 44 inbox, be it Gmail, Windows Live Mail, Yahoo Mail, AOL, or whatever else they may be using.The college reached a smart decision after first looking into outsourcing（外包）their email to the cloud. While the Boston College decision may have been made for 45 reasons more than anything, we can easily imagine this as being the start of a new trend.Can you even imagine a U.S. college students who didn’t have an email address of their own by the time they were a freshmen? It’s 46 unheard of Today’s students are digital 47 immersed(浸润) in technology form the day they were born. It simply doesn’t make sense to give them yet another account to manage when they enter college.By going this 48 , there are still some challenges to overcome, though. For example, a student who changes their email carrier will probably forget to 49 the institution to the change and could then miss out on 50 messages from the university with regard to their courses, scholarship, safety information, ect.In the end, we think the decision Boston College made could easily be the start of a new trend. We’re sure students like it, too.【答案】41. C 42. F 4 3.J 44.G 45. D 46. H 47.B 48.I 49. E 50. KSection BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once.Last week, Verizon and Google proposed a plan they say could keep the Internet open while supporting 41 in high-speed Internet service. V erizon has the nation's biggest wireless network while Google is the biggest Internet search engine. The proposal was a surprise because the two companies have been on opposite sides of thedebate over net neutrality. That is the idea that all content on the Web should be treated equally. Internet service providers want to be able to charge more for heavy Internet traffic or users who want 42 services. The Federal Communications Commission regulates telephone, cable and satellite communications. But its power to regulate Internet service has been questioned in the courts. The new proposal calls for rules barring service providers from preventing users from sending and receiving 43 information of any kind. Users also could not be prevented from 44 any application, service or device they choose to the Web. And broadband Internet providers would be 45 from discriminating against（歧视）content and would have to be open about their policies. Supporters of net neutrality criticized the proposal for not 46 wireless providers. Wireless broadband is among the fastest growing parts of the Internet. Others oppose the 47 of a "two-tiered"（两极分化的）system on the Internet in which some content gets a fast lane and other content goes slowly. But Daniel Brenner says such a system already exists. Daniel Brenner is a partner at the law firm Hogan Lovells in Washington. He says service providers want to be able to charge more because they build networks out to their customers across the country. Such companies are the so-called "last mile" providers. But, the Internet is really a network of networks which exchange traffic all the time and compete with each other. And not all networks reach the last mile to a customer's door. Paul Kouroupas of Global Crossing says his company wants to make sure 48 between service providers are honored on all networks. That way, a service promised by Global Crossing on its fiber optic network will be 49 all the way to a customer's door —even if another company carries the service that last mile. The Verizon-Google proposal offers 50 for a debate that is not likely to end soon. Daniel Brenner says the FCC needs clearer guidelines from Congress. And that's the VOA Special English Economics Report, written by Mario Ritter. I'm Steve Ember.【答案】41.H 42.F 43.K 44.G 45.D 46.A 47.B 48.I 49.C 50.ESection BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once.Most individuals experience some form of test anxiety when they take an important examination. This anxiety can 41 itself in physical symptoms like nausea or sweaty palms, or in emotional symptoms like panic and irritability. Often, individuals will become nervous long before the exam date because they feel 42 by the amount of material they must master. The first step in 43 this anxiety is realizing that test anxiety is a natural reaction, and that it can be 44 . In order to regain control over anxiety, one should break the exam 45 into smaller sections. It will seem much easier to master a series of small subjects than to handle a huge subject all at once.Test-takers should make a study schedule weeks or months ahead of the exam, and give themselves a small amount to learn each period. When the exam day 46 arrives, anxiety will be reduced by the feeling of preparedness. Apart from that, anxiety can be lessened in a few easy ways. First, avoid having any excessively stimulating foods, such as those 47 caffeine or sugar, on the day of the exam. Getting a good night's sleep and a little bit of exercise will 48 one's brain and allow for easy 49 of the learned material. During theexam, breathe deeply and sit in a comfortable position. On exams where this is possible, many people find comfort in going through and answering all of the easy questions before 50 the more difficult ones.【答案】41.B 42.K 43.D 44.G 45.F 46.J 47.E 48.I 49.A 50.C【答案】41.D 42.F 43.C 44.E 45.I 46.H 47.K 48.A 49.B 50.JSection BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can be only be used once.Primarily a farming community, the Amish was attracted to the fertile farmlands in the eastern United States. The largest concentration of Amish today is in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, and 41 important groups are in Ohio, Indiana, and Ontario, Canada.The Amish are best known for their simple way of life. They are easily recognized by their 42 Clothing. The men wear wide-brimmed black hats, collarless black coats, and black trousers. These homemade clothes are fastened with 44 and eyes instead of with buttons or zippers. Those who are strict 44 of Amish customs do not wear neckties or belts. In fact, anything which is considered to be a part of modern, worldly life is 45 .the men have beards but ni mustaches. Their long hair is parted in the middle and drawn back over their ears.The women’s clothing is black, 46 they wear white prayer caps. They wear hats and long, high-necked dresses, long black coats, and black shoes and stockings. They wear their hair parted in the middle and tied behind in a bun. An Amish woman wears no jewelry of any kind.The Amish have 47 separated themselves from the modern technological world. They prefer to live according to the 48 of their 17th century European ancestors. Often called the Plain People, the Amish live in simple homes without mirrors, pictures, curtains and carpets. Somehow they manage to get along without radios, telephones, and electric lights. They do not own cars, 49 to travel by horse. The Amish are excellent farmers, yet they refused to buy tractors or other modern farm machinery. They work the land with horse-drawn plows.Because the Amish are largely self-sufficient and fairly 50 from other communities, they have resisted social change.【答案】41.K 42.I 43.J 44.B 45.E 46.D 47.F 48.A 49.G 40.CSection BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box．Each word can only beWith its wonderful Georgian and Victorian architecture, and winding medieval str eets, it’s easy to see why Edinburgh has been listed as a World Heritage Site.The 41 of Edinburgh is fascinating. Edinburgh Castle dominates the urban skyline, lying on the cliff of an ancient volcano right in the center of the city. Yet Edinburgh is no 42 in the past. And neither is it all about bagpipes, shortbread, whisky and tartan.In fact, the city is one of the most vibrant, international cities in Europe and is 43 voted as one of the most desirable places to live in the world. The capital is 44 with arts, culture, sports and attractions and is famous for playing host to the world’s largest arts festival. After dark Edinburgh has a lively nightlife with 45 bars and pubs, restaurants, clubs and live entertainment to rival any European city.In Edinburgh, there’s plenty of open space too, with a large number of public parks and greenspaces 46 in the busy city center. For active types, there’s a(n)47 and varied choice of activities and sports in Edinburgh and the surrounding area. Or if you just want to 48 your wallet, the capital is a great place to shop. This is a city that knows how to be both 49 and modern.The capital of Scotland is a great place to live and study in, with a wide range of theatres, galleries, clubs and shops to 50 , not to mention the plenty of arty bars and cafes.【答案】41.G 42.H 43.C 44.D 45.J 46. I 47.B 48.E 49.F 50.ADirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only beA long red bridge stretches out across water. It runs across the Golden Gate. This is not the _ 41__to some sacred land, but it is just as _42__. The Golden Gate is where San Francisco Bay _43 __the Pacific Ocean, and at night the scene of the bridge _ 44__up over the water takes your breath away.Welcome to San Francisco, a place famous for its beautiful parks, hilly streets and lovely beaches. But the bridge is undoubtedly the most well-known symbol of the city. Before the foggy weather, powerful winds, and _45_ _ocean currents in the city. However, despite the difficult conditions, the bridge was built in no more than four years. Its total length is nearly 2 kilometers.San Francisco 46___first on Lonely Planet’s list of the best cities to visit in 2013. According to the world’s largest travel publisher, it came top as a result of its_47__mix.According to the US 2010 census（人口普查），21 percent of the city's population was made up of Chinese people. San Fran cisco’s Chinatown is the largest outside of Asia and the oldest in North America. Two traditional festivals, the Spring Festival and Mid-Autumn Festival, are the biggest events of the year on the city’s _ 48__.If yellow cabs are a key part of New York c ity life, then the cable car is San Francisco’s equivalent. The first cable car came into public service in 1873, and the slow and noisy vehicle has been a symbol of the city ever since. The cable car network was once_ 49__by a serious earthquake but, luckily, it has now recovered and provides better _50_ _than the subway.【答案】41.G 42.A 43.C 44.K 45.E 46.J 47.B 48.I 49.F 50.HSection BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once.A row of cars appears to be stranded on a remote road, while a confused man on the left of the photo looks to be checking a roadside map while he calls for help.The street view cars, each 41 with nine 2.5 meter-highmulti-directional cameras, silently travel around the streets, taking picturesof city centers, side streets and even residential areas.They have 42 captured sunbathing girls, children fighting andeven a man dressed as Paddington Bear waving at the camera, raising43 about invasion of privacy.But these potentially 44 shots, taken near Amsterdam, are thefirst time that the lens(镜头) has been turned on the Google company and its black cars.Google street View, 45 in 2007, allows “armchair explorers” to travel the world with a click of a mouse button. It 46 locations on all seven continents, and its makers claim that 95 percent of the UK has been mapped out on the company’s servers.Some users of the service, who 47 the company’s Google Maps of being 48 , said that the picture showed that you couldn’t always rely on technology. One said: “This is why I still have a map in my car. I often use Google Streetview, but I never rely on it 49 or use it to plan routes.” Another added: “It told me to drive straight through a petrol station on one occasion.”A Google spokesperson denied the 50 . She said: “It doesn’t look to me like they’re lost. The drivers undergo training so they know how to use the equipment and it looks like this might more likely be what they’re doing.”【答案】41. C 42. F 43. K 44. A 45. D 46. H 47. E 48. J 49. I 50.BTen【普陀区】Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.A. adequatelyB. advancesC. neighbourD. colonizeE. concernF. createG. intensivelyH. settlersI. smartJ. journeyK. survive“O nce we spread out into space and establish independent colonies, our future should be safe,”Stephen Hawking says. Stephen Hawking, one of the world’s most important scientists, believes that to ___41__ humans must move into space.Today, the United State s, India, China, and Japan are all planning to send astronauts back to Earth’s closest __42__: the moon. Each country wants to create space stations there between 2020 and 2030. These stations will __43__ prepare humans to visit and later live on Mars or other Earth-like planets.Robert Zubrin, a rocket scientist, thinks humans should __44__space. He wants to start with Mars. Why? There are several advantages: for one, sending people to the moon and Mars will allow us to learn a lot—for example, whether living on other planets is possible. Then, we can eventually __45__ new human societies on other planets. In addition, the __46__ we make for space travel in the fields of science, technology, medicine, andhealth can also benefit us here on Earth.But not everyone thinks sending humans into space is a(n) __47__idea. Many say it’s too expensive to send people, even on a short__48__. And most space trips are not short. A one-way trip to Mars, for example, would take about six months. People travelling this kind of distance face a number of health problems. Also, for many early space __49__, life would be extremely difficult. On the moon’s surface, for example, the air and the sun’s rays are very dangerous. People would have to stay indoors most of the time.Despite these __50__ sending people into space seems certain. In the future, we might see lunar(月球上的) cities and maybe even new human cultures on other planets.【答案】41.K 42.C 43.A 44.D 45.F 46.B 47.I 48.J 49.H 50.EDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can be used only once.Music has been playing a major role in the lives of teenagers for decades and today’s teens are no ____41_____. Teens listen to over 2.5 hours of music per day. Earbuds, Mp3players, and smartphones make it easy for teens to listen to music while they go about much of their daily lives.The digital world also means that parents must face new challenges when it comes to a teen’s music. In the past---when music was ___42_____ through audio tape or CD, it was much easier for parents to be aware of a teen’s musical ___43_____. But mow that teens have free access to millions of songs and music videos through the internet, parents are less likely to be ____44____ of what their teens are listening to.Today, it’s hard to believe that today’s over-50-years people used to be ___45_____ against Elvis Presley’s dance moves. Fast-forward to the present day and the society has certainly become more ____46____ of many strange forms of art.As for parents, music is a powerful tool and certainly music with pro-social or warm lyrics(歌词) can be a(n)___47_____ influence in teens. It’s important to take an active approach when ____48_____ your teen’s musical interests. Get your teen to talk to you. Ask questions without passing ___49_____. Always be curious and inquire about what your teen looks for in music and talk about what ____50____ can be found in certain songs.【答案】41.J 42. A 43.E 44.G 45.F 46.K 47.B 48.D 49.C 50.HSection BDirections:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box．Each word can only be usedThis past National Day holiday saw upwards of half a billion Chinese citizens travelling. While some flew off to international destinations, the ___41___ majority enjoyed the many tourist sites that China has to offer. Ifyou were one of those people who decided to explore China’s scenic spots, you probably realized that it isn’t just the mountain steps that are steep-the entrance fees are, too!The average cost of the highest ___42___ 5A attractions is 109 yuan. This could prove to be a little too steep for some families, who find themselves spending too large a portion of their holiday budget on admission tickets. The 32 5A locations that upped their prices in the past five years experienced an average ___43___ of over 40 percent. The bad news is that these prices are expected to continue to rise. So how does China’s situation compare to other parts of the world? The average fees for cultural and historical sites seem to be on par with(与…同价) international ____44__ It’s quite another story, however, when you compare natural wonders. For example, the cost of a ticket to Zhangjiajie National Forest Park(张家界国家森林公园) hovers around 245 yuan for a three-day tour. This seems ___45 _ high when you consider that a week long pass to America’s Yellowstone National Park (黄石国家公园)is a mere 74 yuan. here are ___46__ benefits to increased revenue(收益) from ticket sales, which support necessary ___47 _ , maintenance and operation costs. This is especially important for sites that must keep visitor numbers down in order to protect the natural environment. However, it must also be ___48 _ that many of China’s tourist attractions are operated by private companies who are ultimately protecting their bottomline(盈亏底线).While the government has put some ___49___ in place, such as only allowing entrance fees to be raised once every three years, they have not ___50___ the upper limit of ticket prices and increases. Further measures to settle the dispute are being considered. In the meantime, some families are forced to re-think if some attractions are really worth the costs.【答案】41.H 42.J 43.B 44.A 45.F 46.G 47.I 48.D 49.E 50.CSection BDirections:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box．Each word can only be used once．Note that there is one word more than you need．and writing—cramming(填鸭式) to complete assignments before 41 back to school. Summer homework has 42 become a popular tool used by teachers to bridge the 43 between the end of one school year and the start of another. But some parents worry that the 44 is making summer fun slip away. “I don’t know what good this really does,” said Sheryl, a parent of twin 13-year old girls. “Life isn’t always about a test. I think it’s important for children to be children, to be 45 .” Sheryl said her daughters spent weeks in summer camps and away on vacation before they had a chance to start their summer assignments. “Basically I have the summer reading hanging over my head when I’d to do other 46 ,” said her daughter. She said she enjoyed reading “The Color of Water” by James McBride, but the assignments that go with it—choosing five passages to 47 and analyze—seem redundant（多余的）. Some education experts 48 the “lazy, hazy, crazy” days of summer are over as schools feel increased 49 on accountability for student achievement under the federal No Child Left Behind Act. “It’s really going to focus attention on this period of time when kids aren’t 50 .”said Ron Fairchild,executive director of the Center for Summer Learning at Johns Hopkins University. But parents from Prince George’s County to Salt Lake City are lately fighting back, questioning the usefulness and of teachers on summer reading and math problems.【答案】41.K 42.I 43.E 44.A 45.G 46.J 47.D 48.C 49.H 50.FSection BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.How can English teachers accelerate the language learning of their students? One way is to teach students how to learn more effectively an d efficiently. Learning strategies are “Procedures or 41 that learners can use to facilitate a learning task.” And 42 students of English in learning strategies can help them become better learners. In addition, skill in using learning strategies assists students in becoming 43 , confident learners. Finally, students become more 44 as they begin to understand the relationship between their use of strategies and success in learning English.Students need to develop an awareness of the learning process and strategies that lead to success. Students who 45 on their own thinking are more likely to engage in planning how to proceed with a learning task, monitoring their own performance on an ongoing basis, finding solutions to problems 46 , and evaluating themselves upon task completion. These activities may be difficult for students 47 to having a teacher who solves all their learning problems and is the 48 judge of their progress.Teachers need to encourage students to rely more on themselves. Because learning strategies are mental 49 with few observable manifestations, teachers need to find ways to make the strategies as concrete as possible. When students are able to use the strategies their teachers have taught them, and to do so without prompting, then they need to 50 new strategies, new applications, and new opportunities for self-regulated learning.【答案】41. I 42.B 43.E 44.F 45.C 46.D 47.G 48.K 49.J 50.ASection BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Friendly doctors are“bad for their patients’health”，researchers have warned as a new study revealed two thirds of young doctors struggle to be truthful with patients they like．Blurring(使…模糊)the lines between social and professional relationships can 41 the level of care offered and prevent patients from being honest about important side effects．“Doctors should avoid 42 patients as friends on Facebook，they should not hug or allow patients to call them by their first names”．regulators have warned．“Those who break the boundaries will face some punishment．”It comes as a survey of 338 oncologists(肿瘤科医生)under the age of 40，43 in the Lancet Oncology, found 59 per cent said they found it difficult to tell the truth to those patients they liked．Sixty per cent of respondents said if doctors felt too close to their patients，it could prevent them from making 44 decisions about a person’s care．Lesley Fallowfield, of Brighton and Sussex Medical Schoo1．said：“Oncology is a profession that can be enormously 45 but is filled with many challenges．Young oncologists have to master dealing with anxious patients who are facing a life-threatening disease；46 the true prognosis(预后)；discussing the 47 of modern treatments；and explaining the 48 of some drugs，the side-effects of treatment，and likely treatment aims．”But she said，“Those doctors who have entered the profession in the age of the ‘Internet world’ are more likely to fall 49 to blurring the professional boundaries with patients．She said：“The difficulty，if you hug and kiss patients，if you allow them to call you by your first name，is that quickly the relationship can become 50 as a social one rather than a professional one．”【答案】41.F 42.K 43.I 44.B 45.D 46.A 47.C 48.J 49.E 50.GSection BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.It's the customary bedtime practice every parent would feel fearful----being asked to read the same book for many times. But while the 41 repetition might be boring for mum or dad, it is the best way for toddlers to learn new words, according to research.The findings suggest parents are wasting money by spending a fortune on huge book collections in the hope they will inspire their little ones. Instead, a small selection of favourites such as The Very Hungry Caterpillar or The Gruffalo will 42 far more.Dr Jessica Horst, of the University of Sussex’s WORD Lab devised an experiment to check how quickly three-year-olds could recognize and 43 six new words. The children were visited three times in a week. One group heard the same story three times back-to-back each time and another was read three 44 stories. All had the same amount of new words which appeared the same 45 of times.When researchers returned a week later, they found the children who heard the same story over and over had 46 learned 3.6 of the new words. While those 47 to a variety of stories remembered only 2.6.They also noted the ‘repetition’ group learned at a faster rate than those in the‘48 ’ group.微信公众号：上海试卷Dr Horst said: ‘We are showing that less is more, to a point. And,49 , the more times you read to a child and the more books you have will help them. But you don’t need to go crazy and buy every single Thomas the Tank Engine boo k. Reading the same books over and over again helps.’Speaking of the 50 studies, we have found one in three don’t read to their children before putting them to bed. Yet 30 minutes of one-on-one literacy sessions can improve reading age by nearly two years in less than five months.【答案】41.C 42.E 43.B 44.F 45.A 46.K 47.G 48.J 49.H 50.ISection BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Google Inc. is searching for a better way for millions of diabetics (糖尿病患者) to manage their disease by developing a contact lens that 41 glucose (葡萄糖) levels in tears.The “smart” contact lens uses a tiny wireless chip and small glucose sensor that is42 into two layers of soft contact lens material.Google is in 43 with the Food and Drug Administration, the company said. But the contact lenses could be years from 44 the public. The prototype (原型) can bring about a reading once per second, which could be very 45 for diabetics who must pay close attention to their blood sugar and adjust their dose of insulin (胰岛素). Google is also 46 whether the lenses could be an “early warning” for diabetics by equipping them with tiny LED lights that light up when insulin levels get too high or low.“You’ve47 heard that diabetes is a huge and growing problem — affecting one out of every nineteen people on the planet. But you may not be 48 with the daily struggle that many people with diabetes face as they try to keep their blood sugar levels under control. Uncontrolled blood sugar puts people at risk for a range of dangerous, 49 some short-term and others longer-term, including damage to the eyes, kidneys and heart,” Google said in a blog post. “It’s still early days for this technology, but we’ve completed multiple clinical research 50 , which are helping to improve our prototype. We hope this could someday lead to a new way for people with diabetes to manage their disease.”【答案】41.F 42.D 43.J 44.B 45.H 46.I 47.G 48.C 49.E 50.A第11 页/ 共11 页。
(完整word版)2015上海高考英语试题及答案,推荐文档
2015年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试上海英语试卷第I卷（共103分）I. Listening ComprehensionSectionADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the questions you have heard.1. A. impatient B. confused C. pleased D. regretful2. A. at a bus stop B. at a laundry C. at the dentist’s D. at the chemist’s3. A. An actor B. A salesman C. A translator D. A writer4. A. He lost his cla ssmate’s homework. B. He can’t help the woman with her math.C. He broke the woman’s calculator.D. He doesn’t know where the “on” button is.5. A. The woman should go to another counter. B. The woman gives the man so many choices.C. The man dislike the sandwiches offered there.D. The man is having trouble deciding what to eat.6. A. She has no idea where to find the man’s exam result.B. She isn’t allowed to tell students their grades.C. Dr. White hasn’t finish grading the papers.D. Dr. White doesn’t want to be contacted while he’s away.7. A. Move to a neat dormitory B. Find a person to share their apartmentC. Clean the room with the roommateD. Write an article about their roommate8. A. Bob won’t take her advice B. Bob doesn’t want to go abroadC. She doesn’t think Bob should study overseasD. She hasn’t talked to Bob since he went aboard9. A. The snack bar isn’t usually so empty. B. Dessert is served in the snack bar.C. The snack bar is near the library.D. Snacks aren’t allowed in the library.10. A. Take her bicycle to the repair shop. B. Leave her bicycle outside.C. Clean the garage after the rain stops .D. Check if the garage is dry.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be askedthree questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. It helps care for customers’ dogs. B. You have to buy food for dogs.C. None of the dogs are caged.D. There is a dog named Princess.12. A. She likes the food there. B. She enjoys the fun with a pet.C. She can have free coffee.D. She doesn’t like to be alone.13. A. A new kind of cafe. B. A new brand of cafe.C. A new home for pets.D. A new way to raise pets.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. A trend that high achievers are given a lower salary.C. A dream of the young for fast-paced jobs.D. A new term created by high achievers.15. A. 10% B. 12% C. 6% D. 7%16. A. People are less satisfied with their lives. B. The financial investment may increase.C. Well-paid jobs are not easy to find.D. Unexpected problems may arise.Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)Gift from a strangerMy local supermarket is always busy. The first parking space I found was convenient, but I'd noticed a woman in a blue car circling for a while. (25) _____ I was in a good mood, I let her have it. On the edge of the car park I backed into the next available spot—it was a tight fit.Pretty soon I'd made my way through the supermarket and was back in the fresh air. Feeling good, I (26) _____(empty) my purse change into the hands of a homeless man and helped a struggling woman reverse park.Just as I approached my car, 1 saw the woman I'd let have my car space earlier. She was giving me (27) _____ odd look—half puzzled, half intent (热切的). I smiled and wished her a pleasant day. As I squeezed back into my car, I spotted the same lady (28) _____ (look) in at me. "Hello," she said, hesitantly. "This (29) _____ sound crazy but I was on my way to drop some of my mother's things off at the charity bins.” You are just so much (30) _____ her.” You helped those people, I noticed, and you seemed so happy.” She looked at me meaningfully and passed a box in through the window. “I think she would like you to have it.” (31) _____ (shock), I took it from her automatically. She smiled and walked away.After a pause, I opened the box. Inside was a beautiful gold necklace with a large grey pearl. It was (32) _____ (nice)kindness.(B)Ask helpful HannahDear Helpful Hannah,I’ve got a problem with my husband, Sam. He bought a smart phone a couple of months ago and he took it on our recent ski vacation to Colorado, it was a great trip except for one problem. He has a constant urge (33) _____ (check) for next messages; he checks his phone every five minutes! He’s so addicted to it that he just can’t stand the idea (34) _____ there may be an important text. H e can’t help checking even at inappropriate times like when we are eating in a restaurant and I am talking to him! He behaves (35) _____ _____ any small amount of boredom can make him feel the need to check his phone even when he knows he shouldn’t. The te mptation to see (36)_____is connecting him is just too great. When I ask him to put down the phone and stop (37) _____ (ignore) me, he say, “In a minute.” but still checks to see if (38)_____ has posted something new on the Internet. Our life (39) _____(interrupt). If we go somewhere and I ask him to have the phone at home, he suffers from withdrawal symptom. Maybe this dependency on his smart phone has become more than an everyday problem.I recently read an article about “nomo phobia,” (40)_____ is a real illness people can’t suffer from the fear of being without your phone! I am worried that Sam maybe suffering from this illness because he feels anxious if he doesn’t have his phone with him, even for a short time.Who would have thought that little devices like these could have brought so much trouble!Sick and Tired SadieSection BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note thatConsidering how much time people spend in offices, it is important that work be well designed. Well-designed office spaces help create a cooperation‘s image. They motivate workers and they make an impression on people who visit and might be potential or, __41__, customer. They make businesses work better, and they are a part of the corporate culture we live in.As we move away from an industrial-based economy to a knowledge-based one, office designers have come up with__42__ to the traditional work environments of the past. The design industry has moved away from a fixed office setup and created more flexible “strategic management environments.” These __43__ solutions are to meant to support better organizational performances.As employee hierarchies (等级制度) have flattened or decreased, office designers’ response to this change has been to move open-plain areas to more desirable locations within the office, and create fewer formal private offices. The need for increased flexibility has also been __44__ by changes in work station design. Offices and work spaces often are not __45__ to a given person on a permanent basis because of changes to method of working, new designs allow for expansion or movement of desks, storage, and equipment within the workstation. Another important design goal is communication, which designers have improved by lowering the walls that __46__ workstations. Designers have also created informal gathering places,and upgraded employees’ __47__ to heavily trafficked areas such as copy and coffee rooms. Corporate and institutional office designers often struggle to resolve a number of competing and often __48__ demands,including budgetary limits, employee hierarchies, and technological innovation(especially in relation to computerization). These demands must also be balanced with the need to create interiors(内饰) that in some way enhance,establish,or promote a company’s image and will enable employees to __49__ at their best.All these __50__ of office design are related. The most successful office designs are like a good marriage --thewell-designed office and the employees that occupy it are seemingly made for each other.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.If you studied pictures that ancient people left on rock walls and you tried to determine their meaning, you would not detect interest in romance among the artists. __51__, you would see plenty of animals with people running after them. Life for ancient people’s earned to center on hunting and gathering wild foods for meals.In modern times, when food is available in grocery stores, finding love is more __52__ in people’s lives. The __53__ is all around us. It is easy to prepare a list of modern stories having to do with love. An endless number of books and movies qualify as love stories in popular culture.Researchers are studying whether love, a highly valued emotional state, can be __54__. They ask, what is love? Toothpaste companies want us to think attraction is all about clean teeth, but clean teeth go only so far. Scientists wonder how much the brain gets involved. You have probably heard that opposites attract but that __55__ attract, too. One thing is certain: The truth about love is not yet set in stone.First ImpressionTo help determine the __56__ of attraction, researchers paired 164 college classmates and had them talk for 3, 6 or 10 minutes so they could get a sense of e ach other’s individuality. Then students were asked to __57__ what kind of relationship they were likely to build with their partners. After nine weeks, they reported what happened.As it turned out, their __58__ judgments often held true. Students seemed to __59__ at an early stage who would best fit into their lives.The __60__ KnowsScientists have also turned to nonhumans to increase understanding of attraction. Many animals give off pheromones —natural chemicals that can be detected by, and then can produce a response in, other animals of the same species. Pheromones can signal that an animal is either ready to fight or is feeling __61__ to partnerships. In contrast, humans do not seem to be as __62__ as other animals at detecting such chemicals. Smell, however, does seem to play a part in human attraction. Although we may not be aware of chemicals like pheromones consciously, we give and receive loads of information through smell in every interaction with other people.Face ValueBeing fond of someone seems to have a number of factors, including seeing something we find attractive. Researchers had people judge faces for __63__ . The participants had 0.013 seconds to view each face, yet somehow they generally considered the images the same as people who had more time to study the same faces. The way we __64__ attractiveness seem to be somewhat automatic.When shown an attractive face and then words with good or bad associations, people responded to __65__ words faster after viewing an attractive face. Seeing something attractive seems to cause happy thinking.51. A. instead B. Therefore C. Moreover D. Otherwise52. A. romantic B. stressful C. central D. artificial53. A. priority B. proof C. possibility D. principle54. A. seated B. impressed C. changed D. created55. A. appearances B. virtues C. similarity D. passions56. A. illustrations B. imaginations C. ingredients D. instructions57. A. predict B. investigate C. diagnose D. recall58. A. critical B. initial C. random D. transfer59. A. memorize B. distinguish C. negotiate D. question60. A. Nose B. Eye C. Heart D. Hand61. A. open B. alert C. resistant D. superior62. A. disappointed B. amazed C. confused D. gifted63. A. emotion B. attractiveness C. individuality D. signals64. A. enhance B. possess C. maintain D. assess65. A. familiar B. plain C. positive D. irritatingSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Look to many of history’s cultural symbols, and there you’ll find an ancestor of Frosty, the snowman in the movie Frozen. It appeared on some of the first postcards, starred in some of the earliest silent movies, and was the subject of a couple of the earliest photos, dating all the way back to the 1800s. I discovered even more about one of humanity’s earliest forms of life art during several years of research around the world.For example, snowmen were a phenomenon in the Middle Ages, built with great skill and thought. At a time of limited means of expression, snow was like free art supplies dropped from the sky. It was a popular activity for couples to leisurely walk through town to view the temporary works of chilly art. Some were created by famous artists, including a 19-year-old Michelangelo, who in 1494 was appointed by the ruler of Florence, Italy, to bui ld a snowman in his mansion’s courtyard.The Miracle of 1511 took place during six freezing works called the Winter of Death. The city of Brussels was covered in snowmen—an impressive scene that told stories on every street corner. Some were political in nature, criticizing the church and government. Some were a reflection of people’s imagination. For the people of Brussels, this was a defining moment of defining freedom. At least until spring arrived, by which time they were dealing with damaging floods.If you fear the heyday of the snowman has passed, don’t worry: I’ve learned that some explosive snowman history is still being made today. Every year since 1818, the people of Zurich, Switzerland, celebrate the beginning of spring by blowing up a snowman. On the third Monday of April, the holiday Sechselauten is kicked off when a cotton snowman called the Boogg is stuffed with explosive and paraded through town by bakers and other tradesmen who throw bread to the crowds. The parade ends with the Boogg being placed on a 40-foot pile of firewood. After the bells of the Church of St. Peter have rung six times, representing the passing of winter, the pile is lit. When the snowman explodes, winter is considered officially over—the quicker it is burnt down, the longer summer is said to be.(392)66. According to the passage, why did snowmen become a phenomenon in the Middle Ages?A. People thought of snow as holy art supplies.B. People longed to see masterpieces of snow.C. Building snowmen was a way for people to express themselves.D. Building snowmen helped people develop their skill and thought.67. “The heyday of the snowman” (paragraph 4) means the time when______.A. snowmen were made mainly by artistsB. snowmen enjoyed great popularityC. snowmen were politically criticizedD. snowmen caused damaging floods68. In Zurich, the blowing up of the Boogg symbolizes_______.A. the start of the paradeB. the coming of a longer summerC. the passing of the winterD. the success of tradesmen69. What can be concluded about snowmen from the passage?A. They were appreciated in historyB. They have lost their valueC. They were related to moviesD. They vary in shape and size(B)Scary BunnyThe Curse of the Were-Rabbit(2005) is the first full length feature film made bydirectors Nick Park and Steve Box with their amazing plasticine (粘土) charactersWallace and Gromit. It won an Oscar in 2006, and if you watch it, you’ll understandwhy. It’s an absolutely brilliant cartoon comedy.Cheese-loving inventor Wallace and his brainy dog Gromit have started a company toprotect the town’s veg etables from hungry rabbits. However, just before the annualGiant Vegetable Competition, an enormous rabbit begins terrorizing the town. It isattacking all the vegetables and destroying everything in its path. The competitionorganizer, Lady Tottington, hires Wallace and Gromit to catch the monster alive. Butthey will have to find the were-rabbit before gun-crazy hunter Victor Quartermainewho is desperate to kill it.The screenplay is witty and full of amusing visual jokes. As usual, the voice of PeterSallis is absolutely perfect for the role of Wallace, and Gromit is so beautifully broughtto life, he can express a huge range of emotions without saying a word. And bothHelena Bonham-Carter, who plays the part of Lady Tottington, and Ralph Fiennes asVictor are really funny.To sum up, The Curse of the Were-Rabbit is an amazing film which is suitable for bothchildren and adults. If you liked Wallace and Gromit’s previous adventures and youappreciate the British sense of humour, you’ll love this film. Don’t miss it!70.In the film review, what is paragraph A mainly about?A. The introduction to the leading rolesB. The writer’s opinion of actingC. The writer’s comments on the storyD. The background information71. According to the film review, “monster” (paragraph B) refers to ______.A. a gun-crazy hunterB. a brainy dogC. a scary rabbitD. a giant vegetable72. Which of the following is a reason why the writer recommends the film?A. It’s full of wit and humour.B. Its characters show feelings without words.C. It is an adventure film directed by Peter Sallis.D. It is about the harmony between man and animals.(C)One of the executives gathered at the Aspen Institute for a day-long leadership workshop using the works of Shakespeare was discussing the role of Brutus in the death of Julius Caesar. “Brutus was not an honorable man,” he said.“H e was a traitor（叛徒）. And he murdered someone in cold blood.” The agreement was that Brutus had acted with cruelty when other options were available to him. He made a bad decision, they said—at least as it was presented by Shakespeare—to take the lead in murdering Julius Caesar. And though one of the executives acknowledged that Brutus had the good of the republic in mind, Caesar was nevertheless his superior. “You have to endeavor,” the executives said, “our policy is to obey the chain of command.”During the last few years, business executives and book writers looking for a new way to advise corporate America have been exploiting Shakespeare’s wisdom for profitable ends. None more so than husband and wife team Kenneth and Carol Adelman, well-known advis ers to the White House, who started up a training company called “Movers and Shakespeares”. They are amateur Shakespeare scholars and Shakespeare lovers, and they have combined their passion and their high level contacts into a management training business. They conduct between 30 and 40 workshops annually, focusing on half a dozen different plays, mostly for corporations, but also for government agencies.The workshops all take the same form, focusing on a single play as a kind of case study, and using individual scenes as specific lessons. In Julius Caesar , sly provocation（狡诈的挑唆）of Brutus to take up arms against the what was a basis for a discussion of methods of team building and grass roots organism.Although neither of the Adelmans is academically trained in literature, the programmes, contain plenty of Shakespeare tradition and background. Their workshop on Henry V, for example, includes a helpful explanation of Henry’s winning strategy at the Battle of Agincourt. But they do come to the text with a few biases (偏向): their reading of Henry V minimizes his misuse of power. Instead, they emphasize the story of the youth who seizes opportunity and becomes a masterful leader. And at the workshop on Caesar, Mr. Adelmans had little good to say about Brutus, saying “the noblest Roman of them all” couldn’t make his mind up about things.Many of the participants pointed to very specific elements in the play that they felt related Caesar’s pride, which led to his murder, and Brutus’s mistakes in leading the after the murder, they said, raise vital questions for anyone serving as a business when and how do you resist the boss? (481)73. According to paragraph 1, what did all the executives think of Brutus?A. Cruel.B. Superior.C. Honorable.D. Bade74. According to the passage, the Adelmans set up “Movers and Shakespeares” to ________.A. help executives to understand Shakespeare’s plays betterB. give advice on leadership by analyzing Shakespeare’s playsC. provide case studies of Shakespeare’s plays in literature workshopsD. guide government agencies to follow the characters in Shakespeare’s plays.75. Why do the Adelmans conduct a workshop on Henry V?A. To highlight the importance of catching opportunities.B. To encourage masterful leaders to plan strategies to win.C. To illustrate the harm of prejudices in management.D. To warn executives against power misuse.76. It can be inferred from the passage that ____.A. the Adelmans’ programm e proves biased as the roles of characters are maximized.B. executives feel bored with too many specific elements of Shakespeare’s plays.C. the Adelmans will make more profits if they are professional scholars.D. Shakespeare has played an important role in the management field.77. The best title for the passage is _____.A. Shakespeare’s plays: Executives reconsider corporate cultureB. Shakespeare’s plays: An essential key to business successC. Shakespeare’s plays: a lesson for busin ess motivationSection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Youth sport has the potential to accomplish three important objectives in children’s development. First, sport programs can provide youth with opportunities to be physically active, which can lead to improved physical health. Second, youth sport programs have long been considered important to y outh’s psycho-social development, providing opportunities to learn important life skills such as cooperation, discipline, leadership, and self-control. Third, youth sport programs are critical for the learning of motor skills; these motor skills serve as a foundation for future national sport stars and recreational adult sport participants. When coachers develop activities for youth practices and when sport organizations design youth-sport programs, they must consider the implication of deliberate play and deliberate practice.Research from Telama (2006) states that regular participation in deliberate play or deliberate practice activities during childhood and youth (ages nine to eighteen) increases the likelihood of participation in sports during adulthood by six times for both males and females. Côté (2002) defines deliberate play activities in sport as those designed to maximize enjoyment. These activities are regulated by flexible rules adapted from standardized sport rules and are set up by the children or by an involved adult. Children typically change rules to find a point where their game is similar to the actual sport but still allows for play at their level. For example, children may change soccer and basketball rules to suit their needs and environment (e.g. in the street. on a playing field or in someone’s backyard). When involved in deliberate play activities, children are less concerned with the outcome of their outcome of their behavior. (whether they win or lose) than with the behavior. (having fun).On the other hand, Ericsson (1993) suggests that the most effective learning occurs through involvement in highly structured activities defined as deliberate practice. Deliberate practice activities require effort, produce no immediate rewards, and are motivated by the goal of improving performance rather than the goal of enjoyment. When individuals are involved in deliberate play, they experiment with different combinations of behaviors, but not necessarily in the most effective way to improve performance. In contrast, when individuals are involved in deliberate practice, they exhibit behavior. focused on improving performance by the most effective means available. For example, the backhand skills in tennis could be learned and improved over time by playing matches or by creating fun practice situations. However, players could more effectively improve their backhand performance by practicing drills that might be considered less enjoyable. Although drills are used in most effective means available practice might not be the most enjoyable, they might be the most relevant to improving performance. (439)(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS)78. Besides the learning of motor skills, what are the other two important objectives of youth sport?79. If children participate in deliberate play or deliberate practice activities, they are more likely to________________.80. In deliberate play activities, what do children do to maximize enjoyment?81. In contrast to deliberate play, deliberate practice is aimed at____________.第II卷（共47分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 美食是人们造访上海的乐趣之一。
2015年上海市闸北区中考英语一模试卷(解析版)
2015年上海市闸北区中考英语一模试卷I.ListeningComprehension1．（6分）Listen and choose the right picture（根据你听到的内容，选出相应的图片）1．2．3．4．5．6．．2．（1分）A．Rainy B．Windy C．Sunny D．Cloudy．3．（1分）A．Tues dayB．WednesdayC．ThursdayD．Friday．4．（1分）A.50 dollars B.100 dollars C.150 dollars D.200 dollars．5．（1分）A．The 4th B．The 5th C．The 6th D．The 7th．6．（1分）A．On foot B．By bus C．By car D．By bicycle．7．（1分）A．At the railway station B．At the post officeC．At the library D．At the supermarket．8．（1分）A．Singer and listener B．Customer and shop assistantC．Father and daughter D．Doctor and patient．9．（1分）A．It's noisy in London．B．The weather in London is not good．C．The bus services are not very goodD．More trees should be planted．10．（6分）Listen to the passage and tell whether the following statements are true or false．（判断下列句子是否符合你听到的短文内容，符合的用"T"表示，不符合的用"F"表示）15．Over 750，000visitors pay a visit to Stonehenge in Britain everyyear．16．The largest number of visitors appears in July．17．Historian（历史学家）Paul Stocker doesn't think Stonehenge was a temple where ancient leaders communicated with the gods．18．Most people agree that Stonehenge was built to celebrate a success over an enemy．19．One visitor to the Stonehenge felt the energy pull him down．20．A group of English volunteers tried to build another Stonehenge，but failed．11．（10分）Listen to the passage and complete the following sentences（听短文，完成下列内容．每空格限填一词）21．Marco Polo on a journey to Asia，and did not return home until 24years later．22．He described Hangzhou as"the in the world"．23．While he was，he told the stories of his travels to another manthere．24．He told of many that were unknown to Europe．25．Marco Polo died．His last words were："I did not tell half of what I saw"．Ⅱ.Choosethebestanswer（选择最恰当的答案）（共20分每小题1分）12．（1分）Matters are rarely that simple．Which of the following is correct for the underlined word？（）A．/ra：lɪ/ B．/'reəlɪ/ C．/riəlɪ/ D．/ræli/13．（1分）Which of the following underlined parts is different in pronunciation from the others？（）A．For all his wealth，he is not happy．B．Go straight ahead，and you'll see the hall．C．No one can lead me by the nose．D．Even death couldn't beat him down．14．（1分）The iWatch will soon become _____ useful tool in the future for communicating and entertainment．（）A．a B．an C．the D．/15．（1分）The passengers on Air Asia Flight QZ8501lost _____ lives because of the extreme weather．（）A．they B．their C．them D．theirs16．（1分）Let's have a break___ the time being．We will further discuss the topic in ten minutes．（）A．in B．on C．for D．at17．（1分）Stand up and give your answer _____ Question15，please．（）A．with B．of C．to D．by18．（1分）O．Henry wrote a lot of novels but I've only read ____ of them．（）A．few B．a few C．little D．a little19．（1分）Nowadays we can collect much____ either from books or on the internet．（）A．suggestion B．idea C．information D．method20．（1分）The little girl looks ____ with her hair short．（）A．lovely B．happily C．attractively D．tidily21．（1分）Hainan Island is the second ____island in China．（）A．large B．larger C．largest D．the largest22．（1分）Smile every day，and your life ___a little happier．（）A．gets B．is getting C．has got D．will get23．（1分）The old man was upset because his favourite vase____ by his grandson．（）A．breaks B．is broken C．broke D．was broken24．（1分）Reading provides me with fun and it also enables me____ the world around me．（）A．understand B．understoodC．to understand D．understanding25．（1分）Once you make a decision，you'd better ____your mind．（）A．don't change B．not changeC．not to change D．not changing26．（1分）Jenny won't tell the secret to anyone____ she knows many people are eager to find it out．（）A．though B．since C．because D．but27．（1分）﹣Must I finish the task in a week？﹣No，you____．If you have any problem．Please tell me．（）A．can't B．mustn't C．may not D．needn't28．（1分）_____can you hold your breath when you are swimming？（）A．How long B．How soon C．How far D．How fast29．（1分）The Spring Festival is on the way．Many shops have ___huge posters with the word"sales"．（）A．put up B．put on C．put out D．put off30．（1分）﹣I'm very worried about the rising cost of living．﹣____________．（）A．So do I．B．So am IC．Neither do I．D．Neither am I31．（1分）﹣William fell down from his motorcycle and hurt his leg this morning．﹣___________．（）A．That's all right．B．I'm sorry to hear that．C．Never mind．D．Really？He's too careless．pletethefollowingpassagewiththewordsorphrasesinthebox.Eachwordofphras ecanonlybeusedonce.（将下列单词或词组填入空格．每空格限填一词，每次只能填一次）：（共8分）32．（4分）It was a dark day in Canada in 1988when rain began to fall from the sky．However，this was not ordinary rain﹣﹣it turned to ice as it fell （46）the cold air．It rained for six days，and was much as ten centimeters of ice（47）on roads，trees and power lines．On 5th January，the people of Montreal （48）to find they had no electricity in their homes．It was dark and cold．The roads were covered in ice，and it was very dangerous to walk or drive anywhere．Families had to stay inside and burn wood to keep warm．They expected the power to come back（49）．However，the ice kept falling．It caused branches and whole trees to fall down．More power lines fell down，and the roads became even more dangerous．33．（4分）By the third day，many families had no food to eat．It was a difficult time．The （50）sent over 14，000soldiers to help．Finally，after six days，the ice storm stopped，but the trouble was not over．The huge amount of ice made the whole area very dangerous．As the ice started to melt，it fell from the roofs of buildings and trees like （51）．Most of the power lines were so badly damaged that they could not be （52）．Some families had no electricity for a whole month．Many homes were damaged and many people，（53）farmers，had to move away．The people of Canada will never forget how terrible nature can be．Everyone hopes that there will never be another ice storm like the one in 1998．pletethesentenceswiththegivenwordsintheirproperforms.（用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子．每空格限填一词．）34．（1分）Leaving the windows open is just inviting to enter．（thief）35．（1分）China is a developing country which belongs to the world．（three）36．（1分）As he walked on，Simon felt getting more and more tired．（he）37．（1分）There're ways of cooking an egg，but I like boiling best．（variety）38．（1分）Success in study depends on one's own efforts．（main）39．（1分）The new law doesn't in our favour．（operation）40．（1分）Animals can bring us happiness，comfort and even．（safe）41．（1分）Among the three boys Simon works the．（hard）．pletethefollowingsentencesasrequired（根据所给要求完成句子．62-67小题每空格限填一词．）42．（2分）Lonely Planet has become the world's most successful travel publisher．（改为反意疑问句）Lonely Planet has become the world's most successful travel publisher，？43．（2分）Shanghai International Art Festival brought us many wonderful performances．（改为感叹句）performances Shanghai International Art Festival brought us! 44．（2分）The fisherman's wife shouted at him angrily．（对划线部分提问）the fisherman's wife shout at him？45．（2分）Could you tell me？Where can I change paper money into coins？（合并为一句）Could you tell me where change paper money into coins？46．（2分）Jane doesn't have a plan to buy a flat unless she has enough money．（保持句意基本不变）Jane doesn't have a plan to buy a flat she have enough money．47．（2分）Each year，people add new records to the Guinness Book of Records．（改为被动语态）Each year，new records to the Guinness Book of Records．48．（2分）on Chongming Island，we，our autumn outing，with our teachers，spent，a month ago（连词成句）．VI.Readingcomprehension（阅读理解）（共50分）A.Choosethebestanswer（根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案）（12分）49．（12分）What's My Line （台词）？"One of my actors is sick!He has just one line and you're the only one who fits his clothes!"One afternoon，the school drama director suddenly shouted to me．She seemed so nervous and worried that I felt sorry for her and said，"Ok"．"You will be fine．It's easy!"She said．But it wasn't easy at all．On the stage，four otheractors and actresses spoke their lines，and I opened my mouth．Nothing came out．I couldn't even breathe．I just wanted to leave．The next thing I knew，I was running off the stage．As I was running off the stage，I accidentally knocked over a glass of grape juice that was on a table．The purple juice hit the girl next to me﹣﹣﹣Andrea，the leading actress of the drama．She gave me a nasty look．I thought she was going to kill me! But then，Andrea quickly said，"Darling，you're so silly!Let's toast（干杯）to my darling's silliness!Cheers!"She grabbed another glass of grape juice and drank it．The other actor quickly followed Andrea's lead and saved the scene．The audience thought my mistake was part of the play!I apologized to everyone after the play．To my surprise，they were not angry with me．They told me，"It's all a part of being on stage．"I could be wrong，but I think I liked being on stage．I think I will try again．69．Which of the following was a problem in the story？A．Andrea was the leading actress of the drama．B．Andrea drank the grape juice．C．The writer had only one line．D．The writer forgot his line．70．There were actors and actresses on the stage．A．three B．four C．five D．six 71．Andrea gave the writer a nasty look．At that moment she felt．A．afraid B．sad C．hungry D．angry 72．From the passage，we know that Andrea was a leading actress．A．silly B．pretty C．quick﹣minded D．warm﹣hearted73．Which of the following is NOT true？A．The writer made Andrea's dress dirty．B．The audience knew something was wrong．C．The school drama director asked the writer to play a role．D．The writer said sorry to the drama club．74．The writer will most probably in the future．A．join the drama club B．dislike AndreaC．stay away from the stage D．help Andrea wash her clothes．B.Choosethewordsorexpressionsandcompletethepassage.（选择最恰当的单词或词语完成短文）50．（12分）My grandfather is 72and last month my grandmother celebrated her 70th birthday．I first noticed that they were having trouble remembering things when I went to their flat for dinner．My grandmother forgot a fish was in the oven and （75）it．Everyone forgot things sometimes，so I did not think much about it．Another time we arranged to go out for dinner together．My mother told my grandfather to meet us at the station．My grandparents were not there when we arrived．My mother phoned them and my grandfather said they were at home waiting for us．They knew we were having dinner together but they forgot about the meeting place．It turned out that they （76）﹣forgetting simple things．I then started thinking about how to help my grandparents improve their memory．Even though my memory is good，I make a list of things I need to bring to school the next day before I go to bed．It's good （77）to prevent me from forgetting anything．I told my grandparents to write more things down and share information with each other．By doing these things，my grandparents can help each other remember things．I talked with the school nurse and she said that eating fruit and fish can improve memory．She also said that drinking water helps improve （78）and that can also make it easier it remember things．I wrote these suggestions on a piece ofpaper and gave it to my grandparents．I also did some Internet research and found out that staying mentally and physically （身心地）（79）is another good ways to improve memory．My grandparents watch lots of television．I gave them my chess set to help exercise their mind．I also found out they used to go dancing．I helped them find a dancing club nearby （80）they could have more physical exercise．Since following my advice，my grandparents'memory has really improved．75．A．made B．cooked C．tasted D．burnt 76．A．kept B．stopped C．began D．tried 77．A．habit B．hobby C．form D．custom 78．A．ambition B．attention C．attraction D．addition 79．A．common B．independent C．active D．safe80．A．until B．if C．as soon as D．so thatC.Readthepassageandfilltheblankswithproperwords（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给）（14分）51．（14分）Read the passage and fill the blanks with proper words（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给）（14分）81、Charles Babbage：Father of the ComputerCharles Babbage was born too soon．He hoped to invent a calculator．But the technology of his time was too simple．Babbage could not make his dream come true．All his life，Baggage was interested in （81）n．For example，he could find out how （82）f a pig's heart beats or make a table to calculate how much wood a man could saw（锯）in 10 hours．Baggage was also an inventor．Around 1830，he decided to （83）d and build a machine for doing simple mathematical calculations．He called this machine the Difference Engine．Making the machineThe Difference Machine was very big and difficult to make．It was made of two tons of steel and gears（齿轮）．While he was building this （84）h machine，he had an idea for a new machine．This one would do all kinds of calculations．He called it the Analytical Engine．It was the start of the modern computer．But Babbage used up all his money （85）b he could complete either machine．Re﹣inventing the EngineIn 1854，two Swedish inventors built a working mechanical calculator．It was （86）b on the Difference Engine．This machine was able to print out different kinds of forms and tables．It was very accurate．Babbage was the first person to come up with the idea of computers．And he is more famous today than he （87）w in his day．D．Answerthequestions（根据短文内容回答下列问题）（12分）52．（12分）88、The Spirit of ChristmasMany would agree that when we think of Christmas，we probably think of gifts，Christmas trees and Santa Claus．But behind all these things lies the true meaning of Christmas：the importance of sharing and giving love and joy to people around us．The story in A Christmas Carol is perhaps the best example of this．A Christmas Carol is a famous novel written by Charles Dickens．It is about an old man named Scrooge who never laughs or smiles．He is mean．He only thinks about himself，and never treats others nicely．He just cares about whether he can make more money and he hates Christmas．One Christmas Eve，Scrooge sees the ghost of Jacob Marley，his dead business partner．Marley used to be just like Scrooge，so he is punished（惩罚）after he dies．He warns Scrooge to change his ways if he doesn't want to end up like him．He also tells Scrooge to expect three spirits to visit him．That night，three ghosts visit Scrooge．First，the Ghost of Christmas Past takes him back to his childhood and reminds Scrooge of his happier days as a child．Then the second spirit，the Ghost of Christmas Present，takes him to see how others are spending Christmas this year．Everyone is happy，even poor people．The last one，the Ghost of Christmas Yet to Come，takes him to the future．Scrooge sees that he is dead but nobody cares．He is so frightened that he wakes up in his bed and finds out it is already the next morning﹣﹣﹣﹣Christmas Day!He decides to change his life and promises to be a better person．He happily celebrates Christmas with his relatives．He also gives gifts to people in need．He now treats everyone with kindness and warmth，spreading love and joy everywhere he goes．And that is the true spirit of Christmas!88．Who wrote the famous short novel A Christmas Carol？89．What is the true meaning of Christmas？90．Why is Jacob Marley punished after he dies？91．Which ghost takes him to see the happiness of the poor during Christmas this year？92．Scrooge has a terrible dream before he wakes up on the morning of Christmas Day，doesn't he？93．What probably makes Scrooge change his life？．VII.Writing（作文）（共20分）53．（20分）Write a story in at least 60words according to the following pictures on the topic"A new story of the tortoise and the hare"．（根据下面的图片提示，以"龟兔新传"为题，写一个不少于60个单词的故事．）（注意：短文中不得不出现任何人名、校名及其它相关信息，否则不予评分）The following words and phrases are for reference only．（以下单词和短语仅供参考）turn …．over heavy rain rescue rooftop（屋顶）helples．．2015年上海市闸北区中考英语一模试卷参考答案与试题解析I.ListeningComprehension1．（6分）Listen and choose the right picture（根据你听到的内容，选出相应的图片）1．F2．A3．B4．E5．C6．G．【解答】FABECG2．（1分）A．Rainy B．Windy C．Sunny D．Cloudy．【解答】略3．（1分）A．Tues dayB．WednesdayC．ThursdayD．Friday．【解答】略4．（1分）A.50 dollars B.100 dollars C.150 dollars D.200 dollars．【解答】略5．（1分）A．The 4th B．The 5th C．The 6th D．The 7th．【解答】略6．（1分）A．On foot B．By bus C．By car D．By bicycle．【解答】略7．（1分）A．At the railway station B．At the post office C．At the library D．At the supermarket．【解答】略8．（1分）A．Singer and listener B．Customer and shop assistantC．Father and daughter D．Doctor and patient．【解答】略9．（1分）A．It's noisy in London．B．The weather in London is not good．C．The bus services are not very goodD．More trees should be planted．【解答】略10．（6分）Listen to the passage and tell whether the following statements are true orfalse．（判断下列句子是否符合你听到的短文内容，符合的用"T"表示，不符合的用"F"表示）15．Over 750，000visitors pay a visit to Stonehenge in Britain everyyear．16．The largest number of visitors appears in July．17．Historian（历史学家）Paul Stocker doesn't think Stonehenge was a temple where ancient leaders communicated with the gods．18．Most people agree that Stonehenge was built to celebrate a success over an enemy．19．One visitor to the Stonehenge felt the energy pull him down．20．A group of English volunteers tried to build another Stonehenge，but failed．【解答】略11．（10分）Listen to the passage and complete the following sentences（听短文，完成下列内容．每空格限填一词）21．Marco Polo set off on a journey to Asia，and did not return home until 24years later．22．He described Hangzhou as"the finest city in the world"．23．While he was behind bars，he told the stories of his travels to anotherman there．24．He told of many amazing things that were unknown to Europe．25．Marco Polo died in1324．His last words were："I did not tell half of what I saw"．【解答】set off；finest city；behind bars；amazing things；in 1324Ⅱ.Choosethebestanswer（选择最恰当的答案）（共20分每小题1分）12．（1分）Matters are rarely that simple．Which of the following is correct for the underlined word？（）A．/ra：lɪ/ B．/'reəlɪ/ C．/riəlɪ/ D．/ræli/【解答】答案：B根据句意"事情很少那么简单"可知划线单词rarely意为"不常，很少"，读作/´reəli/，一定注意与单词really/riəli/区别开来故选B．13．（1分）Which of the following underlined parts is different in pronunciation from the others？（）A．For all his wealth，he is not happy．B．Go straight ahead，and you'll see the hall．C．No one can lead me by the nose．D．Even death couldn't beat him down．【解答】答案：C根据字母组合ea 常见发音有/i：/，/ei/，/e/，/iə/可知wealth读作/welθ/其中字母组合ea发/e/，ahead读作/ə´hed/其中字母组合ea发/e/，lead读作/li：d/其中字母组合ea发/i：/，death读作/deθ/其中字母组合ea发/e/，故选C14．（1分）The iWatch will soon become _____ useful tool in the future for communicating and entertainment．（）A．a B．an C．the D．/【解答】答案A 本题考查不定冠词用于可数名词前表示一种事物，表泛指；根据useful的发音是以辅音音素开头，故其前应用a，答案为A．15．（1分）The passengers on Air Asia Flight QZ8501lost _____ lives because of the extreme weather．（）A．they B．their C．them D．theirs【解答】答案：B 根据题意丢的是乘客们的性命．they他们（人称代词，一般做主语）their他们的，形容词后面需跟名词them他们（做宾语）theirs 名词性物主代词，他（她）们的（所有物），属于他（她）们的（东西）"它是单独使用的．lives，名词，生命前应是形容词修饰．故选B16．（1分）Let's have a break___ the time being．We will further discuss the topic in ten minutes．（）A．in B．on C．for D．at【解答】答案：Cin在…之后；on关于；for后跟一段时间；at后跟具体时间；for the time being 暂时，故选C．17．（1分）Stand up and give your answer _____ Question15，please．（）A．with B．of C．to D．by【解答】答案：Cwith和…一起；of…的；to向，到；by在…之前；the answer to the question这个问题的答案，固定用法，故选C．18．（1分）O．Henry wrote a lot of novels but I've only read ____ of them．（）A．few B．a few C．little D．a little【解答】答案：B a few：一点点，用于修饰可数名词，肯定用法．few：用于可数名词，否定用法．little/a little用来修饰不可数名词，little表示否定意思，没有，几乎没有．a little 表示肯定意思，有一点儿．根据句意作者是讲仅仅只读过几本小说，表示肯定．novels小说是复数可数名词，故选B19．（1分）Nowadays we can collect much____ either from books or on theinternet．（）A．suggestion B．idea C．information D．method【解答】答案：C；suggestion建议；idea主意；information信息；method方法；根据句中的from books or on the internet推知前半句句意：我们可以收集大量的信息；故选C．20．（1分）The little girl looks ____ with her hair short．（）A．lovely B．happily C．attractively D．tidily【解答】答案：A；lovely可爱的；happily高兴地；attractively动人地；tidily整洁地；根据句中的with her hair short推知小女孩是可爱的；故选A．21．（1分）Hainan Island is the second ____island in China．（）A．large B．larger C．largest D．the largest【解答】答案：C根据in China可知，此处表示比较的范围是"在中国"，要用形容词的最高级；形容词最高级的表达是：the+形容词最高级+in/of+比较的范围．形容词large最高级形式是largest，故选C．22．（1分）Smile every day，and your life ___a little happier．（）A．gets B．is getting C．has got D．will get【解答】答案：D 根据句子意思"微笑每一天，你的生活会变得更快乐一点．"可知这里："Smile every day．"为祈使句，后接and you will…句型，构成状语从句，这里要用一般将来时，该句可以改成"If you smile every day，your life will get a little happier．"故选：D．23．（1分）The old man was upset because his favourite vase____ by his grandson．（）A．breaks B．is broken C．broke D．was broken【解答】答案：D 根据The old man was upset可知，这是表示过去的状态，所以后句也运用一般过去时态；又因为主语his favourite vase是动词break的承受者，应该用被动语态．一般过去时态的被动语态的构成是：was/were+动词的过去分词，主语是单数，所以用助动词用was，故选D．24．（1分）Reading provides me with fun and it also enables me____ the world around me．（）A．understand B．understoodC．to understand D．understanding【解答】答案：C．根据it also enables me____ the world around me，可知这里考查了enable的用法，使…的意思，一般情况下用于句型enable sb to do sth，意思是使某人能做某事．故选C．25．（1分）Once you make a decision，you'd better ____your mind．（）A．don't change B．not changeC．not to change D．not changing【解答】答案：B 根据You'd better可知其后接动词原形，其否定形式为You'd better not do sth．故选B．26．（1分）Jenny won't tell the secret to anyone____ she knows many people are eager to find it out．（）A．though B．since C．because D．but【解答】答案：A．though虽然，尽管；since由于，自从…以来；because因为；but"但是"表转折．根据题意可知，珍妮不会告诉任何人这个秘密，和她知道许多人都很想弄清楚这个秘密，两者之间是让步关系，所以用though，"虽然，尽管"．故选A．27．（1分）﹣Must I finish the task in a week？﹣No，you____．If you have any problem．Please tell me．（）A．can't B．mustn't C．may not D．needn't【解答】答案：D．can't不可能；mustn't禁止；may not不可以；needn't不必．根据Must I finish the task in a week？可知这里考查了must引导的一般疑问句，再根据No，可知这里考查must引导的一般疑问句的否定回答，它的回答一般用needn't或don't have to来回答．needn't不必．故选D．28．（1分）_____can you hold your breath when you are swimming？（）A．How long B．How soon C．How far D．How fast【解答】答案：A；How long多长时间；How soon还要多久；How far多远；How fast多快；根据句中信息when you are swimming推知上句句意：你能屏住呼吸多久；故选A．29．（1分）The Spring Festival is on the way．Many shops have ___huge posters with the word"sales"．（）A．put up B．put on C．put out D．put off【解答】答案：A．put up张贴；put on穿上；put out生产；put off推迟．根据huge posters，可知这里的意思是巨大的海报，一般我们说张贴海报．put up张贴．故选A．30．（1分）﹣I'm very worried about the rising cost of living．﹣____________．（）A．So do I．B．So am IC．Neither do I．D．Neither am I【解答】答案：B．本句考查倒装句型，根据I'm very worried about the rising cost of living．可知下句是肯定形式，所以用so+助动词+主语的形式，表示…也是，这里含有be动词，所以在so引导的句子中还应该用be，即为is．故选B．31．（1分）﹣William fell down from his motorcycle and hurt his leg this morning．﹣___________．（）A．That's all right．B．I'm sorry to hear that．C．Never mind．D．Really？He's too careless．【解答】答案：B；That's all right不用谢；I'm sorry to hear that听到那个消息我很难过；Never mind不要紧；Really？He's too careless真的吗？他太粗心了；根据上句信息William今天早上从摩托车上摔下来，他腿受伤了，可知对方听到后应表述难过；故选B．pletethefollowingpassagewiththewordsorphrasesinthebox.Eachwordofphras ecanonlybeusedonce.（将下列单词或词组填入空格．每空格限填一词，每次只能填一次）：（共8分）32．（4分）It was a dark day in Canada in 1988when rain began to fall from the sky．However，this was not ordinary rain﹣﹣it turned to ice as it fell （46）E the cold air．It rained for six days，and was much as ten centimeters of ice（47）D on roads，trees and power lines．On 5th January，the people of Montreal （48）A to find they had no electricity in their homes．It was dark and cold．The roads were covered in ice，and it was very dangerous to walk or drive anywhere．Families had to stay inside and burn wood to keep warm．They expected the power to come back（49）C．However，the ice kept falling．It caused branches and whole trees to fall down．More power lines fell down，and the roads became even more dangerous．【解答】46．E 考查介词．结合语境可知，此题表示下的雨通过寒冷的空气变成了冰，选E．47．D 考查动词．collect表示聚积，ten centimeters of ice与collect间是动宾关系，当ice做主语时，要用被动语态，结构为be+及物动词的过去分词；此题中是作ice的后置定语，所以填collect的过去分词即可，表示许多雪聚积在公路上，树上和电线上．48．A 考查动词．结合语境可知是人们醒来时，发现停电了，用wake up表示醒来，此文用的一般过去时，所以wake要用过去式woke．49．C 考查短语．at a time表示一次；at any time表示随时，结合语境可知是人们期待着随时会来电，选C．33．（4分）By the third day，many families had no food to eat．It was a difficult time．The （50）C sent over 14，000soldiers to help．Finally，after six days，the ice storm stopped，but the trouble was not over．The huge amount of ice made the whole area very dangerous．As the ice started to melt，it fell from the roofs of buildings and trees like （51）E．Most of the power lines were so badly damaged that they could not be （52）B．Some families had no electricity for a whole month．Many homes were damaged and many people，（53）D farmers，had to move away．The people of Canada will never forget how terrible nature can be．Everyone hopes that there will never be another ice storm like the one in 1998．【解答】50．C．考查名词用法．根据The﹣﹣sent over 14，000soldiers to help 可知这里说的是派了14000名士兵来帮助，士兵一般来自于军队之中，由此可以判断这里应该选填army，在这里表示军队．故选C．51．E．考查名词用法．根据Finally，after six days，the ice storm stopped以及下文，可知短文主要介绍了冰风暴，而我们知道屋顶和树上结了冰就像刀子一样锋利，当冰开始融化时，它就会从这些地方掉下来．故选E．52．B．考查动词用法．根据Most of the power lines were so badly damaged that they could not be，可知这里是说大部分的电源线损坏非常严重，因此不能再被修复了，repaire，修复，修理，这里用在被动语态中应该用过去分词repaired．故选B．53．D．考查副词用法．根据Many homes were damaged and many people，可知许多房屋被损坏．许多人受了灾，而在这些人当中，特别提到了农民，所以这里用especially，副词，尤其是．故选D．pletethesentenceswiththegivenwordsintheirproperforms.（用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子．每空格限填一词．）34．（1分）Leaving the windows open is just inviting thieves to enter．（thief）【解答】答案：thieves 根据所给词thief，可知这是可数名词"贼"，其复数形式为thieves．此处做invite的宾语，含义为邀请贼进入．是泛指．用复数形式．故答案为：thieves35．（1分）China is a developing country which belongs to the third world．（three）【解答】答案：third．China是一个发展中国家是属于第三世界国家，表示第三需要用序数词，故答案为third．36．（1分）As he walked on，Simon felt himself getting more and more tired．（he）【解答】答案：himself．根据语境可以推测句意为"当Simon继续往前走的时候，他觉得自己越来越累．"，此处是指同一个人，所以设空处应填he的反身代词himself，意为"他自己"．故答案为：himself．37．（1分）There're various ways of cooking an egg，but I like boiling best．（variety）【解答】答案：various．根据语境可以推测句意为"有各种各样的做鸡蛋的办法，但我最喜欢的是煮鸡蛋．"，根据设空处后面的复数名词ways，判断设空处应填名词variety（多样）的形容词形式various（各种各样的），故答案为：various38．（1分）Success in study mainly depends on one's own efforts．（main）【解答】答案：mainly depend on中depend为实意动词，实意动词与副词连用，main为形容词"主要的"，在形容词后加ly即为副词．故应填mainly．39．（1分）The new law doesn't operate in our favour．（operation）【解答】答案：operate．根据语境可以推测句意为"这部新的法律对我们的经营不利．"，设空处前面有助动词doesn't，所以设空处应填operation的动词形式operate，意为"经营"．故答案为：operate．40．（1分）Animals can bring us happiness，comfort and even safety．（safe）【解答】答案：safety．提示词safe是形容词，意为"安全的"，根据所给单词结合语境可以推测句意为"动物能带给我们快乐、安慰甚至安全．"，由于设空处单词前面有动词bring，和前面的名词happiness、comfort一起作宾语，所以应填safe的名词形式safety，故答案为：safety．41．（1分）Among the three boys Simon works the hardest．（hard）．【解答】答案：hardest．根据关键词among可知，本题是最高级形式，hard是副词，在句中修饰动词work，其最高级形式是在词尾加est．故填：hardest．pletethefollowingsentencesasrequired（根据所给要求完成句子．62-67小题每空格限填一词．）42．（2分）Lonely Planet has become the world's most successful travel publisher．（改为反意疑问句）Lonely Planet has become the world's most successful travel publisher，hasn't it？【解答】答案：hasn't it．反意疑问句分为两个部分，要遵循："前肯后否，前否后肯"的原则，前面has become是现在完成时的肯定式，主语Lonely Planet用it。
2015年-全国高考英语试题上海卷含解析_高考试题1_2015年
2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语试题（上海卷，含解析）考生注意：1.考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。
2.本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。
试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（第1-12页）和第Ⅱ卷（第13页），全卷共13页。
所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（填空题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上，在答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名。
第Ⅰ卷（共103分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.**. impatient B. confused C. pleased D. regretful【答案】 A【解析】原文：【考点定位】住宿类，前台交流2. A. at a bus stop B. at a laundry C. at the dentist’s D. at the chemist’s【答案】 C【解析】原文：M: Do I have to come back for a further treatment?W: No. but you need to come and have your teeth cleaned regularly.Q: Where does the conversation most probably take place?本题的关键词组是have your teeth cleaned，从而我们知道该场所是在牙医诊所。
2015年上海英语试卷(word版含答案)
7.A .Move to a next dormitory
B.Find a person to share their apartment.
C.Clean the room with roommate 【答案】 B
D.Write an article about their roommate.
【解析】根据“W: What we need is a roommate who is neat and clean.
M: Let’s write that in the advertisement---Neatness, a must.
Q：What are the two speakers most probably going to do?”可知选 B。
8.A.Bob won’t take her advice. B.Bob doesn’t want to go abroad. C.She doesn’t think Bob should study overseas. D.She hasn’t talked to Bob since he went abroad.
5.A.The woman should go to another counter.
B.The woman gives the man so many choices.
2015年上海市闸北区高三一模英语阅读A篇分析
66-69BAAB
名师把脉
本次闸北一模卷A篇属于简单的记叙文类型，主要记叙了小Julio在发生地震后，幸运的被Jim医生救下的过程。自然灾害面前，把人与人联系的更加紧密。文章脉络清晰，可分为三个部分
第一部分是第一段，介绍了时间、地点、人物等故事发生的背景。
第二部分是第二到四段，讲述了小Julio一家在汽车里遇上突如其来的地震。
The damage was terrible.Hugh trees bent as if they were made of rubber. Streets cracked and buildings collapsed.At least a stretch of the highway had crashed onto the lower level.
On that day, Petra Berumen took her daughter Cathy to the dentist.Also in the car was her son six-year-old Julio and their family friend Yolanda.Soon after Petra drove onto the highway, disaster struck.Without warning, the earth began to shake.
C. they neither could see the broken highway
D. they both lost their family members
67. In the fifth paragraph, Julio was languishing, which means that he was _________.
2015年上海各区高三英语一模分类汇编：翻译及答案
(point)
5. 进入丛林不远，只见一条清澈的小溪映入了我们的眼帘。 长宁区
(before)
1. 均衡的膳食是保持健康的关键 .(key)
2. 没有什么风景比我现在看到的更好。 (than) 3. 每个人都要为自己的人生负责，因为人生就是一系列的选择。
(responsible)
4. 学生应该学会如何保护自己以防止意外伤害的建议是. 任何人仅凭背单词是不可能考出好成绩的， 更不用说具有和老外交流的能力。 (Only)
静安区 1. 你今晚能来参加我的生日聚会吗？
(possible)
2. 桌上有本最新版的英语字典。 (On) 3. 意识到健康重要性的人们正在越来越关注他们的饮食。
(aware)
4. 正式我国宇航员的精神才使我们克服了所有的艰难险阻。
(phenomenon)
5. 商家制造的一年一度的消费节为老百姓提供了花小钱买高品质商品的机会。
嘉定区
1. 学生们轮流到附近的火车站做志愿者。 (turn)
2. 他肯定早就意识到了英语的重要性，所以英语那么好。
(aware)
3. 不管多忙，我们每天都应给家人腾出些时间来。
(spare)
4. 我认为就此问题与那些固执己见的人争论下去没有意义了。
mention the ability to communicate with foreigners.
静安区
1. Is it possible for you to attend/come to my birthday party this evening?
2. On the table lies an English dictionary of the latest issue.
2015高考模拟试题（上海卷）
2015高考模拟试题（上海卷）英语第I 卷（共103分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. A film on television. B. An essay in the newspaper.C. A talk show on the radio.D. A heated debate.2. A. He is not willing to go. B. He is planning to go next weekend.C. The time is not mentioned.D. He isn’t sure whether to go or not.3. A. Go home. B. Go to a cinema.C. Go to a concert hall.D. Go to see his family.4. A. It’s a fierce dog. B. It can defend his family.C. It can be trained.D. It’s a good pet for family members.5. A. She enjoys eating it. B. She doesn’t mind eating too much seafood.C. She has never tasted it.D. She doesn’t like it.6. A. Around 24 hours. B. Around 19 hours.C.Around 12 hours.D. Around 10 hours.7. A. V acation. B. Pleasure of travelling.C. Language learning.D. Foreign countries.8. A. She will play tennis with the man. B. She has called Peter.C. She won’t go with the man.D. She’ll get to the zoo earlier.9. A. Lily has never collected any postcards.B. Lily didn’t receive the postcard from Egypt.C. The woman will go to Egypt for her holiday.D. Lily begins to take up collecting postcards.10.A. The actress was given a big chair to sit on.B. The actress was warmly welcomed by the audience.C. The audience was very happy when they saw the actor.D. The actress gave her performance on the chair.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Young women. B. Young men.C. Children.D. Senior citizens.12. A. Because it was founded by a Harvard student.B. Because it is free of charge.C. Because you can upload photos onto the website.D. Because you can connect with your friends easily.13. A. Too much using time will affect ordinary life.B. There are too many ads on Facebook.C. The real-life friendship might be harmed.D. Some of people’s secrets will be revealed.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A.In protecting heart.B. In making people slim.C. In making one refreshed mentally.D. In strengthening the tea’s effect on one’ s heart.15. A. One. B. 2-4 cups. C. 6 cups. D. More than 6 cups.16. A. Lemon. B. Milk. C. Sugar. D. Coffee.Section CDirections:In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Life ______17_______Program name: Life SolutionYearly payment: (18) ______________.Benefits: Education fund and (19) __________ pension.Applicant’s requirement: A full-time job and (20) __________ sheet.Complete the form. Write ONEWORD for each answer.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.What’s the topic of the term paper? (21) _________.From (22) _______________________.Where can Irene find resources for thepaper now?What must be included in the paper? (23) ____________________.When should the paper be handed in? One week before (24) __________________.Complete the form. Write no more than THREEWORDS for each answer.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.(A)After spending between six and eight hours in class, students are expected to spend between two and fourhours at home doing homework. These extra hours of work leave students(25) _______(feel) tired and stressed and it leaves students with little free time for other activities, such as sports.Earlier, China’s Ministry of Education said it wanted to ban homework in primary schools and asked parents for their comments. Most parents were(26)_______the idea. They understood that homework put pressure ontheir children, (27)_______ they felt that the extra work was necessaryif their children hoped to enter a good middle school.The debate between homework or no homework (28) _______ (go) on in American schools for years and no one has come up with (29)_______solution. What most agree on, though, is that homework should be relevant, and it should help the student strengthen(30)______ he or she has learnt in class. It should not be given routinely just to keep the student busy in the evening.In China, because of the entrance tests for high school and university, doing endless exercises at home is considered necessary because students have to prepare(31)_______forthe tests by practicing a lot. Unless a system is changed, it’s doubtful that Chinese students(32)_______ (relieve)of their homework burden any time soon.(B)What causes today’s continuing high unemployment remains a central economic question of our time. According to some economists, the computer revolution eliminates more jobs than it creates.Technology has solved many social problems and has had profound effects on jobs, but changes have occurred over many years. To take one example, a new automated machine tool (33) _______ (call) Milwaukee-Matic has improved the way of production, but it has replaced 18 workers at the same time. Robert Heilbroner, a well-known economist (34) _______ wrote a widely read book on economic history warned: “As machines continue to invade society, it is human labor itself(35) _______ gradually becomes needless.”Economists Frank Levy of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Richard Murnane of Harvard believe that computers have eliminated many jobs and willcontinue to do so. ATMs have reduced the need for tellers (出纳员). Computerized airport ticket boxes have limited the number of ticket agents.But they also claim that new computer jobs are far more than losses. There are 3.5 million workers directly involved in (36) _______ (create) computer infrastructure(基础设), such as software developers, systems analysts and data experts.As a result, job creation in the future will focus on three kinds of work: solving unstructured problems (e.g. performing delicate surgery), working with new information (e.g. analyzing marketing data), and carrying out manual tasks (e.g. moving furniture).The key question is whether schools (37) _______ adapt to the computer revolution. For the foreseeable future, the challenge of ‘cybernation (电脑化)’ is not mass unemployment, but the need (38) _______ (educate) many more young people for the jobs computers cannot do.Although schools are far better than in earlier decades, the skills required for the first two types of jobs, the well-paying jobs, have become (39) _______ (difficult). Future living standards depend heavily on (40) _______ schools can produce those higher skills in larger quantities.Section BDirections:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A.audioB. partnerC. casualD. descriptionE. replacedF. merelyG. executiveH. resembleI. devotedJ. earnedK. particularlyNowadays, the Internet, with its unparalleled ability to connect people throughout the world, is changing the way that many people learn languages. There is still no way to avoid the hard work through vocabulary lists and grammar rules, but the books, tapes and even CDs are being __41__by email, video chat and social networks.Livemocha, a Seattle company, has created a website __42__ to helping people learn more than 38 of the world’s languages by exchanging messages over the Internet and then correcting each other’s messages. The lessons, whether they are flashcards, quizzes, __43__recordings or written and spoken essays, are delivered through the Internet.Michael Schutzler, Livemocha’s chief __44__, says the website’s advantage is the ability to pra ctice with a real person.“The great irony is that even if you have learned a foreign language in the classroom for years, you don’t have a lot of confidence to go into a restaurant and have a conversation,” he said. The __45__ connections with real people throughout the world, however brief, are not just fun and surprising but reveal more about how the language is really used.Livemocha is now experimenting with a variety of ways that__46__ the games found on other social websites to motivate people. The flashcard exercises, for instance, are scored, and the totals __47__by studying and teaching appear on the users’ front page.Besides, each person can set up a profile (个人简介) which includes a short __48__of their age, location and what language he or she would like to learn. Therefore, if you want to study one language, you will easily find there are many people who are fluent in this language. And an email or two is all it takes to find a study __49__.There are more and more companies like Livemocha offering online language learning to students throughout the world. And instead of __50__ helping people practice different languages, they also enable people to share interests and make new friends.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Received cooperative wisdom maintains that we should all accept the stimulating power of ‘co-working’ and ‘hive offices’, where we are elbow-to-elbow with our colleagues. It is claimed that privacy __51__ creativity.However, a study from the University of Sydney begs to __52_____. Researchers surveyed more than 40,000 office workers in 303 companies worldwide. They found the __53____ sides of an open-plan office---ideas sharing and friendship. ___54___, according to their findings, these strengths are far overtaken by the downsides----disruption and noise pollution.When the first open-plan office, the Larkin Administration Building in New York, opened in 1906, all conversation was banned and those in positions of power had ___55____ spaces. Now that corner offices are seen as expensive, your desk neighbor is just as likely to be your boss. This means permanently being on your best __56_____ and feeling the pressure to make small talk every time your eyes meet over the mouse pad(鼠标垫).In a survey of American workers by , ‘___57___ colleagues’were quoted as the No. 1 workplace disruption, above phone calls and social media. A 2010 study from the University of California found that it takes the ___58____worker 25 minutes to get back into the flow of a task after an interruption. This suggests t hat, if you’re interrupted 16 times during an eight-hour day, you may as well have stayed in bed.Professor Cary Cooper is an expert on ___59____ stress from Lancaster University, suggests the help of___60____. “Make it common knowledge that, if you fly a red flag above your desk, it means you are working on something detailed and need ____61___ and quiet,” he says. “A white flag means you are __62____.”In an internet discussion, dissatisfied desk colleagues exchanged tips with each other. They were on how to make your workplace as ___63___ as possible. These include: never having a sweet jar or new toys on your desk, and if you have a ‘guest’ chair, ___64____ it with papers so that interrupters have nowhere to sit. You can even set up fake calendar alerts to go off at intervals in case you need to make an escape.The last ___65____ is unpopularity: be rude, cold and unhelpful until colleagues are terrified to come near you. It may not even come to that. Who would really want to approach a flag-waving crazy guy in a ridiculous hat?51. A. prevents B. addresses C. promotes D. advocates52. A. distinguish B. conceal C. conclude D. differ53. A. tense B. plus C. adequate D. moderate54. A. Therefore B.However C.Moreover D. Hence55. A. narrow B. restricted C. separate D. advanced56. A. looks B. behaviour C. motivation D. situation57. A. noisy B. diligent C. considerate D. productive58. A. devoted B. promising C. cheerful D. average59. A. occupational B. family C. dating D. cooperative60. A. system B. symbolism C. rank D. potential61. A. negotiation B. therapy C. peace D. distraction62. A. decisive B. occupied C. sensible D. available63. A. uninviting B. popular C. neat D. messy64. A. connecting B. piling C. substituting D. threatening65. A. problem B. factor C. element D. aidSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)The biggest safety threat facing airlines today may not be a terrorist with a gun, but the man with the portable computer in business class. In the last 15 years, pilots have reported well over 100 incidents that could have been caused by electromagnetic interference. The source of this interference remains unconfirmed, but increasingly, experts are pointing the blame at portable electronic device such as portable computers, radio and cassette players and mobile telephones.RTCA, an organization which advises the aviation (航空) industry, has recommended that all airlines ban such devices from being used during ‘critical’ stages of flight, particularly take-off and landing. Some experts have gone further, calling for a total ban during all flights. Currently, rules on using these devices are left up to individual airlines. And although some airlines prohibit passengers from using such equipment during take-off and landing, most are reluctant to enforce a total ban, given that many passengers want to work during flights.The difficulty is predicting how electromagnetic fields might affect an aircraft’s computers. Experts know that portable device emit radiation which affects those wavelengths which aircraft use for navigation and communication. But, because they have not been able to reproduce these effects in a laboratory, they have no way of knowing whether the interference might be dangerous or not.The fact that aircraft may be vulnerable (易受损的) to interference raises the risk that terrorists may use radio systems in order to damage navigation equipment. As worrying, though, is the passenger who can’t hear the instructions to turn off his radio because the music’s too loud.66. The passage is mainly about ________.A. a new regulation for al airlinesB. a possible cause of aircraft crashesC. the defects of electronic devicesD. effective safety measures for air flight67. What is said about the over 100 aircraft incidents in the past 15 years?A. They may have been caused by the damage to the radio systems.B. They may have taken place during take-off and landing.C. They were suspected to have resulted from electromagnetic interference.D. They were proved to have been caused by the passenger’ portable computers.68. Why is it difficult to predict the possible effects of electromagnetic fields on an airplane’s computers?A. Because research scientists have not been able to produce the same effects in labs.B. Because it remains a mystery what wavelengths are liable to be interfered with.C. Because it is extremely dangerous to conduct such research on an airplane.D. Because experts lack adequate equipment to do such research.69. It can be inferred from the passage that the author ________.A. regards it as unreasonable to exercise a total ban during flightB. has overestimated the danger of electromagnetic interferenceC. hasn’t formed his own opinion on this problemD. is in favor of prohibiting passengers’ use of electronic devices completely(B)The Wild Parrots of Telegraph Hill: A Love Story… with WingsA flock of wild parrots living in San Francisco----in winter. In the charming memoir The Wild Parrots of Telegraph Hill, Mark Bittner tells how he cared for some beautiful pesky parrots, became an expert on their behavior, and eventually turned into the star of a documentary film. For devoted birders everywhere.Ten Minutes from NormalAs a communications advisor to President George W. Bush, Karen Hughes had the job of her dreams. But she felttortured by what her work was doing to her family, especially her teenage son, Robert. During the campaign, Hughes found a way to balance career and motherhood; with her boss’s blessing, for six months she homeschooled Robert aboard the Bush campaign plane. But once her job in the White House again, there were days when she hardly saw her son at all. In Ten Minutes from Normal, she tells the story behind the toughest decision of her career.Schott’s Original MiscellanyThe pocket-sized Schott’s Original Miscellany by Ben Schott is jammed with fun, handy lists and snatches of information----famous horses, Nobel Prize-winners, cloud types, Yiddishisms, terrors, chess terms and tips on how to read a palm. Our favourite: learn to say ‘I love you’ in 43 languages.Death of Innocence: The Story of the Hate Crime That Changed AmericaDuring a visit to Mississippi in 1955, Emmett Till, a 14-year-old African American boy, was murdered for supposedly whistling at a white woman. In Death of Innocence, co-writer with Christopher Benson, Emmett’s mother, Mamie Till-Mobley, courageously tells how his killing changed her life and our country’s history.70. The Wild Parrots of Telegraph Hill tells a love story of ______.A. the writer and a film starB. the writer and birdsC. male and female parrotsD. parrots and other birds71. What does the underlined phrase ‘felttortured’ mean in the passage mean?A. felt pleasedB. felt proudC. felt mentally tornD. felt critical72. From Ten Minutes from Normal, we can learn that ______.A. Hughes taught her son herself at homeB. Hughes had a rather unhappy marriageC. Hughes was always ready to help othersD. Hughes put her job above her own family73. Which book provides readers with various kinds of things?A. Ten Minutes from NormalB. Schott’s Original MiscellanyC. The Wild Parrots of Telegraph Hill: A Love Story … with WingsD. Death of Innocence: The Story of the Hate Crime That Changed America(C)When the next year's crop of high-school graduates arrive at Oxford University in this fall, they would be joined by a new face; Andrew Hamilton, the 55-year-old provost (教务长) of Yale, who would become Oxford's vice-chancellor-a position equivalent to university president in America.Hamilton wasn't the only educator crossing the Atlantic. Schools in France, Egypt, Singapore, etc. alsomade top-level hires from abroad. Higher education has become a big and competitive business nowadays, and like so many businesses, it's gone global. Yet the talent flow isn't universal. High-level personnel tend to head in only one direction: outward from America.The chief reason is that American schools don't tend to seriously consider looking abroad. For example, when the board of the University of Colorado searched for a new president, it wanted a leader familiar with the state government, a major source of the university's budget. "We didn't do any global consideration," says Patricia Hayes, the board's chair. The board ultimately picked Bruce Benson, a 69-year-old Colorado businessman and political activistwho is likely to do well in the main task of modern university presidents: fund-raising. Fund-raising is a distinctively American thing, since U.S. schools rely heavily on donations. The fund-raising ability is largely a product of experience and necessity.Many European universities, meanwhile, are still mostly dependent on government funding. But government support has failed to keep pace with rising student number. The decline in government support has made funding-raising an increasing necessary ability among administrators and has hiring committees hungry for Americans.In the past few years, prominent schools around the world have joined the trend. A few years ago, when Cambridge University appointed Alison Richard, another former Yale provost, as its vice-chancellor, the university publicly stressed that in her previous job she had overseen "a major strengthening of Yale's financial position."Of course, fund-raising isn't the only skill out-siders offer. The globalization of education means more universities will be seeking heads with international experience of some kind of promote international programs and attract a global student body. Foreigners can offer a fresh perspective on established practices.74. What is the chief consideration of American universities when hiring top-level administrators?A. The political correctness.B. Their fame in academic circles.C. Their ability to raise funds.D. Their administrative experience.75. What do we learn about European universities from the passage?A. The tuitions they charge have been rising considerably.B. Most of their money comes from the government.C. They are strengthening their position by globalization.D. Their operation is under strict government control.76. In what way do top-level administrators from abroad contribute to university development?A. They will view a lot of things from a new angle.B. They will bring with them more international personnel.C. They can improve the university’s image.D. They can set up new academic subjects.77.Which of the following would make the best title of the passage?A. Higher Education GlobalizationB.Universal Higher EducationC. Global Higher Education CooperationD. Global Headhunting In Higher EducationSection CDirections:Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Since humans first domesticated cats and dogs, these furry friends have taken on increasingly important roles in people’s lives.As wild animals, dogs and cats first entered human life in the role of hunting animals and guardians, then as companions and finally as family members. Now, a legal battle is under way that could make these animals legal citizens.The first potential evidence of dog domestication dates back to 30,000 B.C. Before they were pets, dogs helped humans hunt, and cats helped guard grain supplier by keeping rats and mice away. But the Middle Ages were a grim period for cats and dogs. Considered agents of Satan, millions of black cats were killed throughout Europe in 1233. People regarded animals as soulless machines and did experiments on living dogs. It wasn’t until the late 1800s and early 1900s that dogs and cats’ condition improved. People brought cats and dogs indoors where they treated them as family members.“As human relationships are becoming more virtual, it’s creating an emotional emptiness in our lives,” said David Grimm, a science journalist. “Cats and dogs keep us anchored to the real world.”Today, there are animal anti-cruelty laws in all 50 U.S. states, with penalties that include fines and prison time. Dogs and cats can even inherit money, but they’re still considered property.Now, a growing effort seeks to grant personhood to animals, including cats and dogs. Driving this movement is an increasing awareness of animal intelligence and their emotional capabilities. In recent years, researchers have found that dogs can understand pointing---an ability that chimpanzees lack---and are capable of empathy and even abstract thinking.Cats are much harder to study, because as any cat owner knows, it’s tough to get a cat to do what it’s told. However, cats are known to be intelligent creatures, too.Yet not everyone supports the push to treat animals as fellow citizens. Scientists worry that recognizing pets as legal persons could make it impossible to use animals in research. Farmers are also concerned that if dogs and cats were considered ‘people’, cows and chickens could be next----a move that put an end to the livestock industry.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN 12 WORDS)78.When cats and dogs first entered human life, what did they serve as?________________________________________________________________________.79.For a period of time in history, black cats were killed in large numbers due to the popular belief amongpeople that _______________________________________________.80.Dogs believed to be intelligent and have emotional capabilities because of their ability to understandpointing and ______________________________________ as well.81.According to the article, who are against treating pets as legal citizens?____________________________________________________________________________.第II卷(共47分)I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given inthe brackets.1.为了和家人团聚，在中国农历新年前夕，他返回了自己的故乡。
上海市各区2015届高三英语一模试卷分类汇编：语法新题型
2014-2015学年高三英语一模汇编---- 语法新题型(A)Don't Take the Fun Out of Youth SportsWhen I joined a private football league a few years ago, the sport meant everything to me. My coach said I had lots of potential, and I became captain of my team. That was before all the fun (25)_______(take) out of playing.At first, everyone on the team got equal playing time. Then the team moved up to the top division after winning all its games, and the pressure started. Some parents, who (26)_____(pay) the coach extra (27)_____return for their daughters' private one-on-one training, got angry when she didn't give them more playing time. The coach was replaced. The new coach, however, took all the fun out of the game: All we did during practice was run. We ran so much that, afterwards, we had trouble (28) ______（breathe).Younger people shouldn't be doing exercises (29)______ (design) for 18-year-olds.I was thin before I started football, but as a member of this team I wouldn't eat much, because I thought to (30) _____ that I was afraid of being too full to run. Finally, I ended up leaving the football team. Four other girls did the same, two of (31)______stopped playing football completely.That's sad because they had so much potential. They were just burned-out with all the pressure they felt from the coach or their parents.I continued playing football at school and rediscovered my love for it. I joined a private team and the coach told me I needed to relax because I looked nervous. After I calmed down, I played better. When you enjoy something, it is a lot (32)______(easy) to do it well.(B)How to Be a WinnerSteven Redgrave---Winner of 5 Olympic Gold Medals"In 2012 I was found to have developed lung disease. (33)______ (believe) my career was over, I felt extremely low. Then one of the specialists said there was no reason why I should stop training and competing. That was it----the encouragement I needed. I could still be a winner (34) ______ _______ _______I believed in myself. I am not saying that it isn't difficult sometimes. But I wanted to prove to myself that hard (35) ______the condition was, I wasn't finished yet. Nothing is to stand in my way."Karen Pickering-Swimming World Champion"I swim 4 hours a day, 6 days a week. I manage that sort of workload by putting it on top of my diary. This is the key to success--- you (36) ____ not bear following a career in any field without being well-organized. List (37) _____ you believe you can achieve. Trust yourself, write down your goals for the day, however small they are, and you'll be a step closer to achieving them."Kirsten Best-Poet &Writer"When things are getting hard, a voice inside my head tells me I can't achieve something. Then, there are other influencing factors, such as family or hobbies. The key is to concentrate, (38) _____ helps a lot to repeat words such as ‘ calm’, ‘peace’ or ‘focus’, either out loud or silently in my mind when I feel tense. It makes me (39)_______( feel) more in control and increases my confidence. This is a habit that can become second nature quite easily and is (40)______powerful psychological tool."Keys:25. was taken 26. had paid 27. in 28. breathing 29. designed30. myself 31. whom 32. easier 33. Believing 34 as/so long as; on condition that35. as/though 36. can 37. what 38. which 39. feel 40. a(A)The Problem with Top-Schools ListsThere are around 4,000 accredited universities and other higher education institutions in the United States. They offer an immense range of educational experiences, (25)________ large research universities to small, friendly liberal arts colleges. This helps explain (26)______the United States attracts more international students than any other country, says Allan E. Goodman, president of the Institute of International Education, (27)_____non-profit group promoting student exchanges to and from America."While elite(精英)U.S. programs are among the top ten in the world," Goodman says, "the unique strength of the U.S. higher education system is diversity."There is no official ranking system to indicate which institutions are better than others, (28)_______several unofficial rankings are listed by magazines and associations. However, educators urge caution in using a ranking table and emphasize that (29)_____(good) choice for one student may be very different for another.Institutions of all types (30) ______ (spread) across the United States. Some students want a campus that will give them the excitement and rich cultural life of a big city such as New York, Chicago, or Los Angeles.(31)_____value the peace and beauty of a rural setting, whether the quiet forests and snowy winters of the Northeast, subtropical Florida, the dry expanses of the West, or the Pacific coast with its seashore and nearby mountainsMany institutions have particular strengths in certain academic areas, (32)______ (make) them a good choice for students interested in those fields.(B)An evolving gameAsia has already become a center of the women's professional game, and much of the growth in participation across the world is coming from women's golf.Family-friendly facilities (33)_____(develop) for a new golfing demographic(人群)in the following years, (34)____ more women are playing the game and men and women are increasingly spending their leisure time together.Children's engagement with the game will increase. In China, golf is recognized as a game (35)______teaches children important life principles. Free golf training is offered to kinder-gartners and some parents are now prepared to spend up to 300,000 yuan ($43,940) a year on lessons for their children."Asia will play an increasingly vital role in the future development of golf," say top players past and present.More top events will be add to the schedule in China and other places in Asia, (36)______the game is becoming more popular. Back-to-back Open Champion Padraig Harrington agrees: "You only (37)_______ ________ look at the European Tour's schedule and see how many tournaments are now being hosted by Asia, whether in the Middle East or Far East," he says."Change is the price of survival," says golf legend Gary Player, one of a handful of players (38)______ (achieve) the Career Grand Slam(大满贯)."With the eyes of the sport now firmly (39)_____(focus) on Asia, I can see several of the world's Top 10 coming from Asia and several more global tournaments hosted there by 2020."The game will also become more technologically engaged. Advances in digital technology will change the face of (40)_____(coach) with "smart clubs" which memorize golfers' grip and swing, allowing them to analyze their performance and learn from their mistakes.Keys:25. from 26. why 27. a 28. though/but 29. the best 30. are spread31. Others 32. making 33. will be developed 34. as/ because 35. which/that36. where 37. have to 38. to have achieved/ having achieved 39. focused 40. coaching(A)You can’t go near the City Centre Mall in downtown Seattle without seeing the mermaid logo of a certain international coffee company. Today the company (25) _______(establish) 5,945 stores in the United States and 2,392 more overseas and in Canada. While it (26) _______ seem that there is already a Starbucks at every corner, Chairman Howard Schultz says the company is just getting started. The company plans to double the current number of domestic stores to nearly 12,000. To meet (27) _______ target, Sawbucks will start more stores at airports and supermarkets. Don’t be fooled: the key to its success is not the taste of its coffee. (28) _______ has made them great is making sure that no one has a bad experience in their stores.One way it intends to keep further its growth is to move customers through its line more quickly. While Starbucks executives love to talk about their store’s gentle environment as a “third place” (29) _______ home and work, it turns out that only 30 percent of customers actually use the tables and couches. Everyone else (30) _______ (grab) their coffee to go, (31) _____ _____ one third of new stores will now offer drive-through.The company is also coming up with new ideas (32) _______ (get) customers to dig deeper into their wallets. On each floor of Starbucks headquarters south of downtown Seattle, employees of the company tout（兜售）new plans for food and new drinks such as coffee liqueurs（咖啡酒）and this year’s holiday offering: pumpkin spice lattes.(B)Art of livingAristotle once wrote that “happiness is a state of activity”. In other words, whether you are seeking lifelong satisfaction (33) ______ a few moments of good cheer, you have got to move forward. We’ve surveyed the experts and found four steps to take toward a sunny disposition（性格）:1. VALUE YOUR RELATIONSHIPSOver a 30-year period, University of Illinois researchers asked nearly 12,000 people (34) ______ income, education, political participation, volunteer activities, and close relationships affected their happiness. Reported Newsweek’s Sharon Begley on the findings, “The highest level of happiness (35) ______ (find) with the most stable, longest, and most contented relationships.”2. EXPRESS YOURSELFSinging aloud, talking to a stranger, raising your hand: All may increase a feeling of well-being, according to a study from Wake Forest University. Participants tracked their moods for two weeks and reported feeling happier when they were (36) ______ (outgoing).3. SPEND MONEY ON OTHERSThe editors of gave $5 or $20 randomly to 46 strangers. Half the group was told to spend money on (37) ______, while the other half was told to spend it on others. Those who’d shared the wealth felt much happier at the end of the day than those who’d s pent it on themselves. There was no difference in happiness between those who spent $5 or $20, suggesting that it’s not how much money you spend, but how you spend it,(38) ______ can boost (提升) the spirit.4. FOCUS ON THE POSITVEStudies from the Uni versity of Pennsylvania’s Positive Psychology Center show (39) ______ negative-minded people who wrote down three good things that happened to them each day for six months reported an (40) ______ (improve) outlook.Keys:25.has established 26. may/might 27. this/ that/ the 28. What29.besides 30. grabs 31. so that 32.to get33.or 34. how 35.is found 36. more outgoing37. themselves 38. that 39. that 40. improved(A)Many people underestimate the importance of writing skills. They think that as long as they ___25___ speak and understand the language, they know it. Truth is, we live in the age of internet and smart phones where most of the communication happens in writing. An ability to express ideas ____26___ a clear and literate way has become extremely necessary for work, study and everyday life.Do you have trouble ___27___(express) yourself in written English? Don’t worry, even native s peakers find it difficult.Here are some tips that will help you improve your English writing skills:1. Read as much as you can. It is the best way ___28___(learn) sentence structures and build a vocabulary. We will share a writing for you to read on Facebook every week.2. Translate from your native language into English ___29___ vice versa. However, if you write more, you should start thinking in English. You will know you have become fluent ___30___ you no longer need to translate your thoughts.3. Use social media. By posting on Twitter or Facebook, you can get comments and feedback from your peers. It also helps overcome a fear of writing in public. You can always get your writings ___31____(check) by reviewers at Daily Themes before you share it on other channels.4. Take an online course. There are a few very good free online courses on writing, English composition, and grammar on Courser, Alison, edX, and Future Learn. You can take courses on these websites, and share your learning by writing on Daily Themes.5. Get a writing coach at Daily Themes. The fastest way to learn is to have someone, ___32___ has already mastered the language, check your writings.Happy writing!(B)Children have their own rules in playing games. They seldom need a referee (裁判) and rarely trouble to keep scores. They don’t care much about who wins or loses, and it doesn’t seem to worry them ____33____ the game is not finished. Yet, they like games that depend a lot on luck, __34___ _____their personal abilities cannot be directly compared. They also enjoyed games that move in stages, in which each stage—the choosing of leaders, the picking-up of sides, or the determining of which side shall start—is almost a game in itself.Grown-ups can hardly find children’s game e xciting, and they often feel puzzled at __35___their kids play such simple game again and again. ____36_____, it is found that a child plays games for very important reasons. He can be a good player without having to think whether he is a popular person, and he can find himself being a useful partner to someone of whom he is ordinary afraid. He becomes a leader when it comes to ___37____ turn.He can be confident, too, in particular games, that it is his place to give orders, to pretend to be dead, to throw a ball actually at someone, or to kiss someone he ___38____(catch).It appears to us that when children play a game they imagine a situation ___39____ their control. Everyone knows the rules, and ___40___(importantly), everyone plays according to the rules. Those rules may be childish, but they make sure that every child has a chance to win.Keys:25、can 26、in 27、expressing 28、to learn29、and 30、once 31、checked 32、who33、if 34、so that 35、why 36、However37、his 38、has caught 39、under 40、more importantly(A)Residents of southern California are trying to get used to skyrocketing prices for gasoline. The average price for 87 octane economy gas is $2.22, almost 30 percent higher today than it was 12 months ago. The (25) (low) gas price in the Southland right now is $2.09 a gallon at the Seashell station in Arcadia. The station manager, Everett, said the reason his gas is cheaper than elsewhere is (26) he bought a lot of gas two years ago at(27) (reduce) prices, so he is passing his savings on to his customers.The lines at the Seashell station often run 10 to 20 vehicles long. The police have been here several times (28) cars block traffic on Horsetrail Drive. Everett said, “I tell people in line that the Barco station a block away is only $2.14, (29) they’d rather wait and save 5 cents. It’s OK with me, of course. I don’t mind (30)(make) money.”A young man pumping gas was said(31) (wait) in line for 20 minutes. When asked why he didn’t go a block away where there were no lines, he said, “Every penny counts. When I bought this ’99 Bummer, gas was only $1 a gallon, which was pretty cheap. So, (32) I only get eight miles per gallon, I wasn’t pay ing that much to fill my tank. But today’s prices are killing me. I drive to work, and I drive to the grocery store. That’s it. I used to drive around the neighborhood just to show off my wheels, but I(33) never do that anymore.”(B)People joke that no one in Los Angeles reads; everyone watches TV, rents videos, or goes to the movies. The most popular reading material is comic books, movie magazines, and TV guides. City libraries have only 10 percent of the traffic (34) car washes have. But how do you ex-plain this? An annual book festival in west Los Angeles is" sold out year after year. People wait half an hour for a parking space to become available.This outdoor festival, sponsored by (35) newspaper, occurs every April for one weekend. This year's attendance (36) (estimate) at 70,000 on Saturday and 75,000 on Sunday. The festival featured 280 exhibitors. There were about 90 talks given by authors, with an audience question-and-answer period (37) (follow) each talk. Autograph seekers (38) (seek) out more than 150 authors. A food court sold all kinds of popular and ethnic foods, from American hamburgers to Hawaiian shave ice drinks. (39) a $ 7 parking fee, the festival was free. Even so, some people avoided the food court prices by sneaking in their own sandwiches and drinks.People came from all over California. One couple drove down from San Francisco. “This is their sixth year here now. We love it.” said the husband. “It is just fantastic to be in the great outdoors, to be among so many books and authors, and to get some very good deals, too.”The idea for the festival occurred years ago, but nobody knew（40）it would succeed. Although bookfestivals were already popular in other US cities, would Los Angeles residents embrace one? One of the festival founders said that it all depends as angelinos are very unpredictable.KEYS:25. lowest 26.that 27.reduced 28.because 29.but 30.making 31.to have waited 32.although33.can’t 34.that 35.a 36.was estimated 37.following 38.sought 39.Except for 40.whether/if还未考(A)Are you a bookworm?Do you love to read? Your teachers probably tell you how important reading is all the time. And guess what? They’re right! Reading helps you in many ways beyond just (25)_________(be) able to read and get good grades in tests. Being an eager reader helps you become a good speller and writer. In fact, the more you read, the better you’ll do in all your subjects.Do you have friends who always have books in their hands? We bet they are caught (26)_________(read) almost all the time. Sometimes those people who love reading and even collecting books are called bookworms. Is it really (27)_________they look like earthworms? No! So where did that nickname come from?The term “bookworm”(28)_________(use) since the 1500s. Way back then, libraries did not have the modern air conditioning systems (29)____________(control) the environment (30) ________(surround) the books. As a result, some old libraries became musty and attracted various pests, some of which then took the form of insects and worms loving to eat paper and stay inside of books, (31)________they would spend their entire lives. It was just natural to transfer the “bookworm” idea to humans who loved to consume books as much as these pests did.So if you see a trip to the library (32)_______an adventure and can’t wait to read a new book, you’re probably a bookworm. And that’s OK! You are not alone and there are millions and even billions of us in the world.(B)The Sunken CityEgypt is famous for its giant pyramids rising in the desert, but some of the nation’s treasures from the past are hidden underwater. It is on the ocean floor near Egypt’s northern coast (33) ________ a long-lost city of more than 2,700 years old lies. Now researchers are bringing its remains to the surface to share the sunken civilization with the world.Clues to the PastSome ancient texts describes a city called Heracleion, (34)________was located at the mouth of the Nile River and disappeared beneath the waves 1,200 years ago. But for centuries, no one knew for sure if such (35)_______unbelievable city ever really existed. Then in 2000, Scientist Frank Goddio and his team discovered the ruins of the city. Since then, to uncover the city, they have been busy removing layers of sand, which had kept many of its treasure well (36)_________(preserve). They’ve uncovered gold coins, jewelry, giant statues, ships and a sign. These items provide clues to help find out (37)_________ life was like in Heracleion.Secret of the DeepBut so far, the sinking of this city remains a mystery. Goddio isn’t sure how the city sank. He thinks that earthquakes or tidal waves (38)_________ have caused it to fall into the sea. “Stories from long ago tell of other cities in this area disappearing because of either or (39)__________ of those things,” explains Goddio.With many of Heracleion’s treasures still buried under the sea, it may be many years before all its secrets (40)__________(reveal). “We’ve barely scratched the surface with this city.” another scientist Robinson says.KEYS:25. being 26.reading 27.because 28.has been used 29.to control 30.surrounding 31.where 32.as33.that 34.which 35.an 36.preserved 37.what 38.might 39.both 40.are revealed(A)There are 101 excuses for not writing or calling the media when you see unfair, biased or inaccurate news coverage: “I don’t know enough”; “I’m too busy”; “My computer crashed.”（25）_______(communicate) with journalists makes a difference. It does not have to be perfect; not all letters to journalists need to be for publication. Even（26）_______ one-sentence, handwritten note to a reporter （27）_______ be helpful. If you take the time to type a substantive letter, send copies of it to two or three places within the media outlet —perhaps to the reporter, his or her editor, as well as to the letters-to-the-editor department.If media outlets get letters from a dozen people（28）_______ (raise) the same issue, they will most likely publish one or two of them. So even if your letter（29）_______ ( not get) into print, it may help another one with a similar point of view get published. Surveys of newspaper readers show that the letters page is among the most closely read parts of the paper. It’s also the page policy-makers look to as a barometer of public opinion.（30）_______ you write to journalists, be factual, not rhetorical (带修辞色彩的). Do not personally attack them; that’s more likely to convince them that they’re in the right. Address them in the language that most journalists（31）_______ (train) to understand. Call on them to be responsible, professional, balanced and inclusive of diverse sources and viewpoints.Letters（32）_______ are intended for publication should usually be drafted more carefully.(B)Westminster Abbey, the gothic church, stands in the heart of modern London overlooking the River Thames and Houses of Parliament. It started as a small monastery(修道院), （33）_______ (found) in the year 960 by King Edgar, but soon became one of the most important churches in the kingdom.King Edgar was the first monarch（34）_______ (bury) there in 1065. In the Mid-13th Century, King Henry III decided to rebuild it as a great gothic cathedral to rival（与……相匹敌）（35）_______ in France.All monarchs have been crowned there（36）_______ William the Conqueror in 1066, and many monarchs have married in the Abbey, （37）_______(recently) Prince William and Catherine Middleton.But Westminster Abbey isn’t just about royalty. Man y of the greatest people in British history are buried or commemorated there—artists, scientists, thinkers—there isn’t even a “poet’s corner” built up（38）_______ the grave of 14th-century poet Geoffrey Chaucer.Westminster Abbey tells the story of ordinary British people too. Parts of the Abbey were destroyed in booming raids（空袭）during World War II（39）_______ services went on throughout the war. On May 8, 1945, the V-E(Victory in Europe)Day, a thanksgiving service was held there. Westminster Abbey stood for courage and British spirit.（40）_______ _______ you are not a Christian, it is impossible not to feel a sense of somethingotherworldly(超脱尘俗地) when you enter Westminster Abbey—and that goes for tourists, ordinary Londoners, or students getting ready for another Friday at school.Keys:（25）Communicating （26）a （27）can （28）raising (29) doesn’t get（30）When （31）are trained （32）that/ which（33）founded （34）to be buried （35）those （36）since （37）most recently（38）around (39）but （40）Even if/ Even though(A)A woman was waiting at an airport one night. She hunted for a book, bought a bag of cookies and found a place to sit.She was absorbed in her book but happened (25) ____(see) that the man sitting beside her grabbed a cookie or two from the bag in between them. She tried to ignore it. As the greedy cookie thief kept (26) ____ (eat) ,she munched(大声咀嚼) some cookies and watched the clock.She was getting angrier as time went by, thinking, “If I weren’t so nice, I would blacken his eyes.” With each cookie she took, he took one, too; when only one was left, she wondered what he (27) _____ (do).With a smile on his face, and nervous laugh, he took the last cookie and broke it (28) _____half. He offered her a half, and ate (29) _____ _____She grabbed it from him and thought, “Ooh, this guy is so rude! Why didn’t he even show any gratitude?”When her flight was called, she gathered her belongings and headed for the gate, (30) ____(refuse) to look back at the rude thief. She boarded the plane, sank in her seat, and looked for her book.As she reached in her baggage, she found her bag of cookie with surprise. “(31) _____ mine is here, the others were his, and he tried to share! How rude I was! It was I who (32) _____ have showed gratitude.”(B)Studying for an exam while listening to music is not smart, (33) _____ background music can reduce your ability to perform memory tasks, new research has found.Study participants were asked to recall a list of eight letters in the order they (34) _____ (present). They did this while in five different sound environments: quiet surroundings; music they liked; music they disliked; changing state (an order of random digits); and steady state (an order of steady digits such as “3,3,3,3”).The participants’ recall ability was the poorest when listening to music, regardless of (35) _____ they liked or disliked it, and in changing-state conditions. (36) _____(accurate) recall occurred when participants performed the task in steady-state environments, according to the study (37) _____(publish) online in the journal Applied Cognitive Psychology.“It is the sound variation in the music and changing state (38) _____ reduces the ability to recall the order of items within the presented list,”explained the leading researcher Nick Perham, (39) _____ is a lecturer in the School of Psychology at the University of Wales Institute in Cardiff, in a news release from the journal’s publisher.When performing (40) _____ challenging mental task, do it in silence, Perham recommended.Keys:25. to see 26. eating 27. would do 28. in 29. the other30. refusing 31. If/Since 32. should 33. because/as 34.were presented/had been presented35. whether 36. the most accurate 37. published 38. that 39. who 40. a(A)Left HandednessWhat do Leonardo da Vinci, Marie Curie, and Albert Einstein have in common? They were all left-handed, along with other famous people including Barack Obama. In fact, an estimated 13 percent of the world’s population (25)______ be left-handed.Most people are right-handed. This fact also seems to have held true (26)______ history. In 1977, scientists studied works of art made at various times starting with cave drawings from 15,000 B.C. and ending with paintings from the 1950s. Most of the people (27)______ (show) in these works of art are right-handed.Many researchers claim (28)______ (find)relationships between left-handedness and various physical and mental characteristics. However, (29)______ of these connections are very weak, and others have not been proven. What makes a person become right-handed rather than left-handed? As yet, no one really knows for sure.(30)______ ______ ______ reasons may be behind it, people’s attitudes toward left-handedness have changed a lot over the years. There are even a number of shops (31)______ (specialize) in selling products for left-handed people, such as left-handed scissors, can openers, guitars, and even a left-handed camera. In 1976, Left-Handers International, a group of left-handed people in Topeka, Kansas, in the United States, decided to start (32)______ annual event in order to clear up misunderstandings about left-handedness.(B)Motivating Students(33)______ ______ a young child might be nervous about starting school, he or she is often excited on the first day of school. Perhaps that excitement lasts through the first few years of school. But over time, many children are much (34) ______ (excited) about going to school because school becomes a place of “all work and no play.” As the years go by, students (35)______(pressure) to do more work and to do it better, make better test scores, and have a higher class rank. It is therefore not surprising that by middle school many students lose interest in school and learning.Teachers face a big challenge in such a situation. When they enter a classroom (36)______ ______ most of the students do not want to be there and do not want to study, how can they teach? Some teachers may be tempted to focus their energy on the handful of students in the classroom who show an interest in (37)______(learn). Other teachers have to reward “good” students and punishing “bad” students in the hope (38)______ this may somehow motivate all students to try harder.Through his own teaching experience, Dr. Richard Lavoie became interested in the problem of motivating students. He (39)______(wonder) what motivates some students to want to learn. In studying this question, Dr. Lavoie discovered that other people have done a lot of research into this question already. However, those people do not work in schools. The people who seemed to know the most about (40)______ motivates kids were researchers who work for companies that were advertising products such as toys and music for children.25. may/ can 26. throughout 27. shown/ showed 28. to have found29. some 30. No matter what 31. specializing 32. an33. Even though/ Even if 34. less excited 35. are pressured 36. in which37. learning 38. that 39. wondered 40. what。