高考英语定语从句讲解(课件)
合集下载
高考英语语法定语从句课件 (共25张PPT)
• 1. Is this the place ______ you were born?
• A. which B.where C.what D.that
• 2. Is this the place ______ some German friends visited last year?
• A. which B.where C.what D. why
It was the year. The World War I broke out in the year. It was the year when (= in which) the World War I broke out.
where 作地点状语 where = 介词 + which I want to know the place.
1.I’m reading a book. The book is about Bill Gates. __I’_m__r_ea_d_i_n_g_a__b_o_o_k_t_h_a_t/_w_h_i_c_h_i_s_a_b_o_u_t_B_i_l_l _G_a_tes.
2.He is a teacher. The teacher teaches us Chinese. __H_e__is__a_t_ea_c_h_e_r_w__h_o_/ _th_a_t_t_e_a_ch_e_s__u_s_C_h_i_n_e_se_.__
• A. that B.where C.what D. why
用定语从句翻译短语
a boy who is called 1.一个叫做Tom的男孩 Tom 2.教我们英语的老师 the teacher who teaches us
English 3.昨天我妈妈给我的钱
高中英语定语从句讲解ppt课件
4.先行词既有人又有物时，宜用that.
They talked of things and persons ___t_h_a_t ____ they remembered in the school.
10
5.当主语是以who/which开头的特殊疑问句时， 定 语从句须用that，以免与先行词重复 Who is the boy ___th__at___ was here just now?
21
=when
1. I won’t forget the date on which I was born.
2. This is the room in which I lived. =where
3. I don’t know the reason for which he haven’t
come today. =why
Which is the bike __th_a_t____you lost?
6.当定语从句的谓语动词是be，需要关系代词作表语 时，宜用that
My computer is no longer the machine __th_a_t___it was.
11
只用which的场合
1.介词提到关系代词前时，宜用which。如 for which , on which, in which, of which 等。
7
PartⅡ
通常只能使用that 或which的场合
8
只用that 的场合
1.先行词是不定代词all, few, little, much, something, nothing, anything等
All ___t_h_a_t__ we have to do is to practice every day. 2.先行词是序数词或形容词最高级或被序数 词或形容词的最高级修饰时
They talked of things and persons ___t_h_a_t ____ they remembered in the school.
10
5.当主语是以who/which开头的特殊疑问句时， 定 语从句须用that，以免与先行词重复 Who is the boy ___th__at___ was here just now?
21
=when
1. I won’t forget the date on which I was born.
2. This is the room in which I lived. =where
3. I don’t know the reason for which he haven’t
come today. =why
Which is the bike __th_a_t____you lost?
6.当定语从句的谓语动词是be，需要关系代词作表语 时，宜用that
My computer is no longer the machine __th_a_t___it was.
11
只用which的场合
1.介词提到关系代词前时，宜用which。如 for which , on which, in which, of which 等。
7
PartⅡ
通常只能使用that 或which的场合
8
只用that 的场合
1.先行词是不定代词all, few, little, much, something, nothing, anything等
All ___t_h_a_t__ we have to do is to practice every day. 2.先行词是序数词或形容词最高级或被序数 词或形容词的最高级修饰时
高考英语定语从句讲解省公开课一等奖全国示范课微课金奖PPT课件
14/26
限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句区分
限制性定语从句
非限制性定语从句
形式上 意义上
不用逗号“ ，”与主句隔 开
• 是先行词不可缺乏定 语，如删除，主句则 失去意义或意思表示 不完整
用逗号“ ，”与主句 隔开
• 只是对先行词补 充说明，如删除， 主句仍能表示完 整意思。
译法上
• 译成先行词定语： “… ”
二、 非限制性定语从句不能用why引导。要用for which代替why。
如： 1. I had told them the reason, for which I didn't attend the meeting. 我已经把理由告诉了他们，为 此我没有去开会。 2. I had told them the reason why I didn't attend the meeting. 我告诉了他们我不去开会理由。(限制 性定语从句“the reason why...”是常见搭配。)
关系词通常有以下三个作用：
A、引导定语从句；B、代替先行词；C、在定
语从句中担当一个成份。
2/26
■关系代词普通使用方法 先行词是人，在从句中作主语用who，作宾语用 whom或who，作定语用whose；先行词是物，在 定语从句中作主语或宾语都用which，作定语用of which或whose均可。在限制性定语从句中which, who, whom都可用that代替。关系代词作宾语时常 被省略。
■只能用that而不能用which情形 (1) 当先行词为：all, little, few, much, none 及 some-, any-, no-, every- 与 thing 所组成复合单词 时，只能用that。如：
限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句区分
限制性定语从句
非限制性定语从句
形式上 意义上
不用逗号“ ，”与主句隔 开
• 是先行词不可缺乏定 语，如删除，主句则 失去意义或意思表示 不完整
用逗号“ ，”与主句 隔开
• 只是对先行词补 充说明，如删除， 主句仍能表示完 整意思。
译法上
• 译成先行词定语： “… ”
二、 非限制性定语从句不能用why引导。要用for which代替why。
如： 1. I had told them the reason, for which I didn't attend the meeting. 我已经把理由告诉了他们，为 此我没有去开会。 2. I had told them the reason why I didn't attend the meeting. 我告诉了他们我不去开会理由。(限制 性定语从句“the reason why...”是常见搭配。)
关系词通常有以下三个作用：
A、引导定语从句；B、代替先行词；C、在定
语从句中担当一个成份。
2/26
■关系代词普通使用方法 先行词是人，在从句中作主语用who，作宾语用 whom或who，作定语用whose；先行词是物，在 定语从句中作主语或宾语都用which，作定语用of which或whose均可。在限制性定语从句中which, who, whom都可用that代替。关系代词作宾语时常 被省略。
■只能用that而不能用which情形 (1) 当先行词为：all, little, few, much, none 及 some-, any-, no-, every- 与 thing 所组成复合单词 时，只能用that。如：
高中英语定语从句 课件(共23张ppt)
宾语
8. As many people as were present voted for the plan.
主语
Task2 参照task 1 中的有关内容，填写表格1：确定关系代词 的依据
关系代词 先行词（人、物） 在 从 句 中 所 作 的 成 分 （主语、宾语、定语）
that
人、物
主语、宾语
writing?
Point 2
宜用that不宜用which引导 定语从句的情况
1. 当先行词是all, little (少), few, much, any, everything, anything, nothing, none等不定代词或被这些词修饰时 2. 当先行词既包括人又包括物时 3. 当先行词被the only, the very, the last, the same 等修饰时 4. 当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时 5. 当主句是以who, which开头的特殊疑问句时
5. I know the person whose house was totally destroyed in the
earthquake.
定语
6. He lives in a house whose windows face south.
定语
7. Here is so big a stone as no one can lift.
holidays in Qingdao?
用that , when, why, where , which填空
1.I want to know the date, __w_h_e__n_you were born. 2.I have forgotten the date _th_a__t/_w_h__ic_h_ you told me. 3.Do you know the reason __w__h_y___ he is absent today? 4.That is the reason __w_h__ic_h_/_t_h_a_t_ I want to know. 5.This is the factory _w__h_e_r_e__ his father works. 6.This is the factory _t_h_a_t_/_w_h_i_c_h_ his father built.
8. As many people as were present voted for the plan.
主语
Task2 参照task 1 中的有关内容，填写表格1：确定关系代词 的依据
关系代词 先行词（人、物） 在 从 句 中 所 作 的 成 分 （主语、宾语、定语）
that
人、物
主语、宾语
writing?
Point 2
宜用that不宜用which引导 定语从句的情况
1. 当先行词是all, little (少), few, much, any, everything, anything, nothing, none等不定代词或被这些词修饰时 2. 当先行词既包括人又包括物时 3. 当先行词被the only, the very, the last, the same 等修饰时 4. 当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时 5. 当主句是以who, which开头的特殊疑问句时
5. I know the person whose house was totally destroyed in the
earthquake.
定语
6. He lives in a house whose windows face south.
定语
7. Here is so big a stone as no one can lift.
holidays in Qingdao?
用that , when, why, where , which填空
1.I want to know the date, __w_h_e__n_you were born. 2.I have forgotten the date _th_a__t/_w_h__ic_h_ you told me. 3.Do you know the reason __w__h_y___ he is absent today? 4.That is the reason __w_h__ic_h_/_t_h_a_t_ I want to know. 5.This is the factory _w__h_e_r_e__ his father works. 6.This is the factory _t_h_a_t_/_w_h_i_c_h_ his father built.
高考英语专题定语从句课件(共21张)
1.先行词指人，在定语从句中作主语，用who/that,并且不能省略
She is the girl . The girl lives next door. 定语从句 She is the girl who/that lives next door.
她就是住在隔壁家的女孩。 2.先行词指人，在定语从句中作宾语，用whom/who/that,可以省略
4.This is the school ( ) we visited yesterday. A. who B. which C. where D. whose
乐学
笃行
感恩
5.先行词指人或者物，并且在定语从句中作定语，用 whose/of whom/of which.
I know the boy. The boy’s father is a policeman. I know the boy whose father is a policeman. I know the boy the father of whom is a policeman. This is the house . The house’s window faces south. This is the house whose window faces south.
A. which B. that C. whom D. as
乐学
笃行
感恩
定语从句时特别注意的几个问题
1）只能用that的情况： ①先行词为不定代词all, anything, nothing, everything …； e.g. There is nothing that can prevent him from doing it. 没
这就是面朝南的那个房子。
She is the girl . The girl lives next door. 定语从句 She is the girl who/that lives next door.
她就是住在隔壁家的女孩。 2.先行词指人，在定语从句中作宾语，用whom/who/that,可以省略
4.This is the school ( ) we visited yesterday. A. who B. which C. where D. whose
乐学
笃行
感恩
5.先行词指人或者物，并且在定语从句中作定语，用 whose/of whom/of which.
I know the boy. The boy’s father is a policeman. I know the boy whose father is a policeman. I know the boy the father of whom is a policeman. This is the house . The house’s window faces south. This is the house whose window faces south.
A. which B. that C. whom D. as
乐学
笃行
感恩
定语从句时特别注意的几个问题
1）只能用that的情况： ①先行词为不定代词all, anything, nothing, everything …； e.g. There is nothing that can prevent him from doing it. 没
这就是面朝南的那个房子。
高考英语定语从句语法专项学习复习课件
He who does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man. Those who want to go, please sign their names here.
2> 句中有两个定语从句，一个用了that, 为避免重复或引起歧义
The man that spoke at the meeting is our headmaster who has just come from Shanghai.
例 5) The girl ____w_h_o_/_th_a_t_ is sewing a dress studies in a
句 vocational school
展 6) What do you think of the coat __w_h_i_c_h_/t_h_a_the made?
示 7) These are the wires with __w_h_i_c_h_ different machines are
宾语 Who(m)/that That/which
that
定语
whose Whose/of which
1) This is a truck _w_h__ic_h_/_t_h_a_t_ is made in China.
定 2) I like the book _w_h__ic_h__/t_h_a_t_ you bought yesterday.
添加文字 饰的词叫先行词。定语从句通常放在被修饰的词(即先行词)之后。 定
语从句由关系词(关系代词、关系添副加词文)字引导。关系代词在定语从句中 做主语，宾语，定语，关系副词在定语从句中做状语.
关系代词的基本用法
指代对象
2> 句中有两个定语从句，一个用了that, 为避免重复或引起歧义
The man that spoke at the meeting is our headmaster who has just come from Shanghai.
例 5) The girl ____w_h_o_/_th_a_t_ is sewing a dress studies in a
句 vocational school
展 6) What do you think of the coat __w_h_i_c_h_/t_h_a_the made?
示 7) These are the wires with __w_h_i_c_h_ different machines are
宾语 Who(m)/that That/which
that
定语
whose Whose/of which
1) This is a truck _w_h__ic_h_/_t_h_a_t_ is made in China.
定 2) I like the book _w_h__ic_h__/t_h_a_t_ you bought yesterday.
添加文字 饰的词叫先行词。定语从句通常放在被修饰的词(即先行词)之后。 定
语从句由关系词(关系代词、关系添副加词文)字引导。关系代词在定语从句中 做主语，宾语，定语，关系副词在定语从句中做状语.
关系代词的基本用法
指代对象
2024届高考英语语法+定语从句+课件
(3)Whose用于指人或物，在定语从句中作定语。whose= the+n.+of which/whom , 为了便于理解，可以把whose记成关系形容词。
• Kate, whose sister I shared a room with when we were at college, has gone to work in Australia.凯特到澳大利亚去工作了，读大学的时候 我和她的姐姐住一个寝室。
• The number of people that came to visit this city each year reaches one million.每年来参观这座城市的人数达一百万。
• The chair (that) you broke yesterday is now being repaired. 你昨天 弄坏的那把椅子正在被修。
二、用定语从句连接两个句子(使用关系代词) 1. They live in a room. It’s window faces south. _T_h_e_y_l_iv_e__in__a_r_o_o_m__w__h_o_se__w_i_n_d_o_w__fa_c_e_s_s_o_u_t_h_._______________________
• Our teacher told us something __t_h_a_t _ we should do. (我们老师告诉了我们该做的事)
• He knows everything __t_h_a_t_ happened in that village. (他知道那村里发生的所有事。)
“序”：序数词— the first, the second, …the last
高中英语语法讲解定语从句课件(共53张PPT)
关系代词的实质
Join the following sentences:
The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.
The girl her we saw
yesterday is Mary.
关系代词的实质
Join the following sentences:
1.that 与which
1.This is the best TV _______ that is made in China. that he 2.The first museum _______ visited in China was the History Museum.
先行词被形容词最高级 或序数词修饰时，引导 定语从句多用that 。
引导定语从句用that .
1.that 与which 1.Who that _______ you have ever
know can do it better ?
Who做先行词时， 引导定语从句用 that
1.that 与which
1.Her bag, in ________ which she put all her money, has been stolen. which she 2.This is the ring on ________ spent 1000 dollars. 3.Xiao Wang , with ________ I went whom to the concert, enjoy it very mue is such a lazy man_____ nobody wants to work with______. A. as; him B. that; / C. as; / D. whom; him 2. Mrs. Black took the police back to____ place ____ she witnessed the robbery. A. the same; as B. the same; where C. the same ; that D. as the same; as
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
■只能用which而不能用that的情形 (1) 当非限制性定语从句中的先行词指物时，只 能用 which。如： The pencil-case, which I bought last week, is missing. (2) 关系代词前面有介词时，只能用which。如： The tree under which we used to take a rest has been cut down. (3) 先行词为代词 that 或 that 所修饰时，只能用 which。如： I don’t take that which is too expensive.
注意：先行词虽然是时间或地点，但若 在定语从句中作主语或宾语时，要用关 系代词。
(1)The factory ______his where father worked has closed. (作状语) 比较：The factory which/that __________was built in 1978 has closed.(作主语) (2) I’ll never forget the days ______ we lived when together.(作状语) that 比较：I’ll never forget the days (______) we spent in Australia. (作及物动词spent的宾语) (3) The reason (_____) why she was ill was that she had eaten bad meat. (作状语，用关系副词) 比较：The reason (____ that ) he gave for his absence was obviously fabricated. (作gave的宾语，用关系代词)
■关系代词的一般用法 先行词是人，在从句中作主语用who，作宾语用 whom或who，作定语用whose；先行词是物，在 定语从句中作主语或宾语都用which，作定语用of which或whose均可。在限制性定语从句中which, who, whom都可用that代替。关系代词作宾语时常 被省略。
二、用that 而不用who (whom)的情形 (1) 当先行词前面有形容词的最高级或序数词修 饰时，引导词只能用that。如： The tallest player that plays football for our team is from Shandong. (2) 当先行词前面有only, some, any, no, every, little, few, much, all, very等词修饰时，引导词只能用that。 如： He is the only student that said “no” to the teacher. (3) 当主句是以who开头的特殊疑问句时，引导词 只能用that。如： Who is woman that you talked with just now?
This is the man _____helped me yesterday. who (作主语) who/whom/that The teacher (______________) you want to see is coming. (作see的宾语，可以省略) I met a boy whose ______father was a astronaut. (作定语) Here is the coat which/that _________will be made to you. (作主语） This is the factory (_________) which/that we visited last year. (作visited的宾语，可以省略) of which He has a book whose _____ cover (=the cover_______) is very beautiful. （作定语）
(4) the same as 与 the same that the same as所引导定语从句的内容与先行词同类 而不同物；the same that表示所引导的从句内容与 先行词同类同物，即：同一事物。如： She is wearing the same coat that I lost a few days ago. She is wearing the same coat as I lost a few days ago.
定语从句
the Attributive Clause
修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定 1．定语从句： 语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它 所修饰的先行词之后。
2．先行词： 被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。 3．关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有 when, where, why等。 关系词通常有下列三个作用： A、引导定语从句；B、代替先行词；C、在定 语从句中担当一个成分。
■关系副词的一般用法 关系副词有when, where, why，在定语从句中作 状语，分别表示时间、地点和原因。 when的先行词通常是time, day, season, age, occasion等时间名词； where的先行词通常是place, city, town, village, house, case, situation, scenes等地点或情形名词； why的先行词只能是reason。 关系副词when和where有时可用“介词＋which” 代替，why可用for which代替。
三、 非限制性定语从句置于句首时，不能用 which引导。关系代词as引导非限制性定语从句 位置比较灵活，可以放主句前，也可以放主句 后。 如： 1. As I expected, he didn't believe me. 正如我 所预料的，他不相信我。 2. She heard a terrible noise, which brought her heart into her mouth. 她听到一个可怕的声 音，这让她把心都提到嗓子眼了。
(4) 当先行词为one, ones, anyone, everyone, none, all(指人) 时，只能用who (whom)。如： Anyone who is against us is our enemy. (5) 先行词指人，而关系代词在从句中作主语时，一般多 用who。如： The man who came here yesterday said he would come again in a few days. (6) 在there be句型中名词的定语从句多用who (whom)。 There are students in our class who / whom you have met. (7) 当句子中有两个指人的现行词分别带有两个定语从句 时，若一个定语从句的引导词为that, 那么，另一个定语 从句的引导词必定为who。如： The boy that you met just now is Li Ming’s brother who just graduated from a university.
1. 作宾语时可省略 关系词 的使用 上 2. 可用that
通常译成主句的并 列句
1. 不可省略 2. 不用that 3. 不可用who 代替
3. 可用who 代替whom
whom
非限制性定语从句 应注意以下几点：
一、 非限制性定语从句通常不能用that引导。如： 1. I like the book, which was bought yesterday. 我 喜欢这本书，这是昨天买的。 2. I like the book which / that was bought yesterday. 我喜欢昨天买的那本书。 二、 非限制性定语从句不能用why引导。要用for which代替why。 如： 1. I had told them the reason, for which I didn't attend the meeting. 我已经把理由告诉了他们，为 此我没有去开会。 2. I had told them the reason why I didn't attend the meeting. 我告诉了他们我不去开会的理由。(限 制性定语从句“the reason why...”是常见搭配。)
(3) 当先行词由形容词的最高级或序数词修饰时， 只能用that。如： This is the most interesting book that I have ever read. (4) 当先行词同时包括人和物时，只能用that。如： Luxun and his works that we are familiar with are considered great. (5) 当先行词在主句中作表语时，只能用that。如： This is a book that I have been looking for since last week. (6) 当主句是以 which 开头的特殊疑问句时，只能 用 that。如： Which is the picture that you drew yesterday?
在定语从句中，关系代词 which 和 that 都可指物， 一般情况下，可以互换使用。但在下列情况下值得 注意： ■只能用that而不能用which的情形 (1) 当先行词为：all, little, few, much, none 及 some-, any-, no-, every- 与 thing 所组成的复合单 词时，只能用that。如： There is nothing that will stop us making progress. (2) 当先行词前面有only, some, any, no, every, little, few, much, all, very等形容词修饰时，只能 用that。如： This is the only problem that we can’t work out.