高中英语：冠词语法知识点
高中英语：冠词语法知识点
冠词是一种虚词,本身不能单独使用,通常放在一个名词的前面,帮助说明该名词的词义。冠词有两种：定冠词和不定冠词。纵观历年高考试题，试题中出现的考点主要有：冠词的位置；冠词的最基本的用法，名词分类情况，理解泛指与类指、特指与专指的区别；冠词的习惯用法。
一、冠词的基本用法
在学习冠词的用法时，必须明确特指与泛指的概念，特指是大家都知道的所指的事物或内容；泛指是指不明确、不特别指明的或者一类中任何具有代表性的人或事物。名词前用哪一个冠词、用还是不用冠词通常取决于名词的类别和意义。也就是名词可数还是不可数、单数还是复数、特指还是泛指。它们的关系可以用下表表示：
1、在可数名词单数前用定冠词或不定冠词
A computer is an electronic device.计算机是电子装置。（不定冠词表示类指）That is the place where Lincoln was born.那里是林肯诞生的地方。（定冠词表示特指）
2、复数名词前可用定冠词或零冠词Beyond the stars, the astronauts saw nothing but space.在星星上方，宇航员除了太空外什么也看不到。（定冠词表示特指）
Most animals have little connection with animals of a different kind unless they kill them for food. 多数动物与别的动物没有多少联系，除非它们以其作为食物而捕杀。（零冠词表示泛指）
3、不可数名词前可用定冠词或零冠词The sign reads “In case of fire, break the glass and push the red button.”万一失火，打碎此玻璃，然后按这个红色按钮。(零冠词表示泛指)
The water in that lake is badly polluted.那个湖里面的水被严重污染了。
4、专用名词前用零冠词
Mr. Tailor will visit Japan next week.泰勒先生下周将访问日本。（Mr. Tailor是专用名词前用零冠词）
New York is one of the largest cities in the world.纽约是世界上最大的城市之一。（New York是专用名词前用零冠词）
二、冠词的位置
（一）放在名词之或定语之前
一般说来冠词与名词连用应放在名词之前，若名词有其它定语，也应放在定语之前。
That’s a hat ,not a cat .那是帽子，不是猫。
She was an excellent engineer.她是一位出色的工程师。
The short-wave radio is the most expensive of all.这部短波收音机是所有当中最贵的一部。
（二）放在某些定语之后
1．单数可数名词被such, many, half, what等修饰时，不定冠词放在这些词之后。
There is such a book in English on my desk.我书桌上有一本这样的英语书。What a long way it is from Beijing to London! 从北京到伦敦是多么远的路程啊! (此时的what当“多么“讲，引导感
叹句不作为疑问词)
2．当单数可数名词前作定语的形容词被程度副词as, how, however, so, too, that, this等修饰时，不定冠词置于形容词之后。
Our neighbor has as big a house as ours.我们邻居的房子和我们的一样大。How interesting a lecture was given by the speaker!演说者作了一次多么生动的演讲！
3．在由as，though引导的让步状语从句的表语前置句型中，不定冠词应放在形容词后面。
Young a man though he is ,he knows a lot about the world.尽管他很年轻，但对这个世界却了解得很多。
Brave a child as he is ,he trembles at the sight of a tiger.他虽然是个勇敢的孩子，但一见到老虎就发抖。
4．副词quite, rather修饰的形容词作定语时，不定冠词可置于quite，rather之前或它们之后。置于其前语气较强。He is rather a clever boy .
或He is a rather clever boy.他是一个相当聪明的男孩子。
注意：若名词前无形容词修饰，不定冠词则须置于quite, rather之后。
Mr. Brown is quite a scholar.布朗先生是个大学者。
It’s rather a pity.这令人相当遗憾。
5. 当定冠词the与all, half, both, double 等词连用修饰名词时，定冠词要放在这些词之后。
We talked and laughed all the morning.整个早上我们都在谈笑。
Half the pears were eaten.有一半的梨被吃掉了。6．当定冠词与表示倍数twice, three times、分数one-third, three-fifths的词等一起修饰名词时，需要放在这些词之后。One-third of the villagers were well educated.三分之一的村民曾受过良好的教育。
Paper produced every year is three times the weight of the worlds production of vehicles.每年生产的纸的产量是世界生产汽车总重量的三倍。
7. 当much, exactly等词修饰the same 时，the放在这些词之后。
You talked much the same as she did.你说话和她一样。
I want exactly the same book as yours.我就要和你的一样的书。
三、冠词的习惯用法
（一）不定冠词的用法
1．不定冠词与单数可数名词连用，表示某一类人或事物，亦可泛指某类人或事物中的“任何一个”或表示数量“一”。
A teacher must love his students .教师必须爱学生。
Rome wasn't built in a day.（谚）罗马不是一天建成的。
Here is a letter for you.这儿有你一封信。注意：不定冠词和定冠词皆可表示类属，但不定冠词强调的是个别，定冠词强调的是类别；不定冠词相当于every，定冠词相当于all。
2．不定冠词用在序数词前，表示“再一”“又一”。
I asked her a third time, but she hadn't answered once yet.我第三次问她，她却一次也没回答。
Lucy had to buy a second hat.露西必须再
买一顶帽子。
3．不定冠词用在“of +a(n)+（可以限定类别或数量的）名词”结构中，表示“同一”、“相同”、“一样”，说明事物的同一性质、特征、大小或程度等。这一结构在句中作表语或后置定语。
The people in this country are of a mind.这个国家的人们同心协力。
His shoes and mine are of a size.他的鞋和我的鞋同码。
4．不定冠词表示单位价格、速度、比率等，意为“每一（个）”，相当于each, every 或per。语气比each, every或per弱。The car is speeding up 200 kilometres an hour.汽车正以每小时200公里的速度飞驰。
The rice cost one dollars a pound.大米每磅一美元。
5．如果两个或两个以上的形容词或名词共有一个不定冠词，那么这两个形容词修饰的是同一人或物，两个名词也指同一人或物。
She bought a red and blue pencil.她买了一支红蓝铅笔。
She bought a red and a blue pencil.她买了一支红铅笔和一支蓝铅笔。
6．有些名词通常成对出现（被视为一体、一套），一般只用一个冠词。
He passed me a knife and fork.他递给我一副刀叉。
There is a horse and cart by the roadside.路边有一套马车。
7．不定冠词可用在专有名词前，使其普通化。
①用在姓名前或Mr./Mrs./Ms.+ 姓氏前，表示“某一个”、“某位”，又不肯定的意味；也可以表示“一位”，指某家庭或姓氏的一员。
A Mr. Smith is here to see you.这儿有一位史密斯先生要见你。
His wife is an Edison.他妻子是爱迪生家族的。
②用在地名、国名等专有名词前，表示某时的情况或某种样子。
The town is called a Shanghai of this area.该城被称为本地区的上海。
He would never think of such a New York.他绝不会想到这样一个纽约。
8．不定冠词用在物质名词或抽象名词前，使其个体化，表示某一具体情况或动作或某一类物质。
①不定冠词用在物质名词如coffee, food, tea, fog, rain, snow, wind等前，表示“一阵、一份、一类、一场”等。
What a heavy rain!好大的雨啊！
The waiter brought me a soup.侍者给我拿来一份汤。
②不定冠词用在一些表示情绪的不可数名词如disappointment, feeling, honour, inspiration, joy, pity, pleasure, shame, surprise等前，表示“一种、一类”心理情感。
It is a pleasure to have a chat with you .和你交谈是件快事。
Oh, John. What a pleasant surprise you give us!啊，约翰！你给我们带来了多么大的惊喜！
③不定冠词用在表示某一品质的具体行动、人或东西的不可数名词如danger, difficulty, disappointment, failure, favor, help, success, wonder等前，在表示“一种……人或物”。
Thank you ,sir. You have done me a favor.谢谢先生，你帮了我的忙。
He is a success.他取得了成功。(他是一个成功者。)
The meeting is a success.会议取得了成功。(这是一次成功的会议。)
④不定冠词用在不可数名词education, history, knowledge, population, time, world等前，表述其某一部分或某一方面的内容、概念。其中have a history/ knowledge/ population...可视为固定搭配。
Wouldn't it be a wonderful world if all nations lived in peace with one another.如果所有的国家相互和平共处，世界难道不是更美好的么！
Many people agree that a knowledge of English is a must in international trade today.
很多人承认在今天的国际贸易中了解英语知识是必不可少的。
⑤不定冠词用在复数抽象名词前表示“大约”，或用在表示时间、款项的复数名词前，表示一个整体单位（整体概念）。
I have a good 20 dollars in my pocket.我的口袋里有整整20美元钱。
He will have a busy two weeks.他要忙碌两周。
9．用于“a(n) +名词+of + a(n) + 名词”结构中
①前面的名词表示的是后边名词的性质或特征，意为“像……一样的，是属某一类的”。这种结构中的a(n)不能换成one，但有变体。
a mountain of a wave 滔天巨浪 a palace of house 宫殿般的住宅
a hell of a life 地狱般的生活 a lam
b of temper 羔羊般的温顺
an angel of a girl 天仙般的少女 a treasure of sun 宝贝儿子
a pig of a fellow 猪一样蠢的家伙 a mouse of a girl 胆怯的女孩
a lion of a man 雄狮般勇敢的人 a death of cold 极度寒冷
a skeleton of a woman骨瘦如柴的女人a boy of a girl男孩似的女孩
He had a honey of an idea.他有一个绝妙的主意。
She is a flower of a girl.她是个像花一样美的姑娘。
②这种结构第一个名词前也可以有形容词、形容词性的物主代词、或the, that, these, those, some；有时候第二个名词前可加形容词。
She got the devil of a toothache yesterday.她昨天牙痛的厉害。
He lived a hell of a long way.他住得非常远。
③如果第一个结构的of前用了sort，of 后的名词就不再加a(n).
He is a little rat sort of fellow.他是一个像老鼠一样的家伙。
John is a pig sort of fellow.约翰蠢的像猪一样。
④下面结构则表示“有点儿”。
The room is a bit a mess.房间有点儿乱。The question cam as a bit of shock at first.这个问题起初有点使人吃惊。
10．具有动作意义的抽象名词在与动词have, take, make, give, let out等构成短语表示一种短暂性的动作时，此抽象名词前的冠词一般不可缺少。
have a look看一看
have a walk 散步
have a rest 休息
have a test 测试
have a try 试一试
have a bath洗澡
have a break休息
have a swim 游泳
have a good time玩得高兴
take a look 看一看
take a walk散步
take a swim游泳
take a rest 休息
take a bath洗澡
take a taxi打的
give a laugh 大笑
give a smile 笑一笑
give a shout大喊
give a talk 讲话
give a whistle吹口哨
let out a cry 大喊
注意：have(take)+ a + 动作名词与动词同义，是一种通俗说法，语气显得自然。11．用在固定短语中。
①与时间和方式有关的
a while/ moment/ minute一会，
just a minute/moment稍后，
a waste of 浪费、白费，
a moment ago一会前，
at a blow 一下子；
as a matter of fact其实，
all of a sudden突然，
after a while/moment/minute一会后，
as a rule照常，通常，
at a discount打折扣，
at a loss 不知所措，
at a distance在远处，
as a whole总的看来，
as a result结果，
for a while一会儿，
in a sense在某种意义上，in a hurry匆忙，
in a passion发脾气，
in an instant一会后，
in a way 有几分，
in a word总而言之，
of an age同年，
of a size大小相同，
once in a while 不时地，
once upon a time从前，
three meals a day一日三餐，twice a week一周两次，
with a view to 鉴于，考虑到，with a firm hand坚决地，
with a smile微笑着，
with a will热情地
②与一些常用动词构成的搭配。catch(a)cold感冒
do a good deed做好事
get a cold感冒
get in a word插话
give a concert举行音乐会
go out for a walk去散步
have a cold 感冒
have a cough咳嗽
have a fever发烧
have a headache头疼
have a pain疼痛
have a say in 对……有发言权keep an eye on 照看，留意make a name for oneself 出名make a face做鬼脸
make a fuss大惊小怪
make an effort努力
make a living谋生
make a mistake犯错误
make a noise喧闹
make a speech演讲
make a start开始
make an apology道歉
make it a rule制定规则
keep an eye on留意
pay a visit访问
take a seat就坐
take a message for捎口信
lend sb. a hand帮助
do sb a favour看在某人的面子上，帮忙Will you do me a favour, please?你帮我个忙好么？
I’m afraid Mr. Brown isn’t in. Would you like to leave a message?恐怕布朗先生不在，请你留言好吗？
注意：由于make a face/mistake等词组中的名词是可数的，因而它们也有其复数形式make faces/mistakes等，但也有结构习惯上只仅以复数形式出现。Frank is the kind of person whom people like to make friends with.弗兰克是喜欢交友的人。
John shook hands with Henry when they met at the airport.约翰和亨利在机场见面时相互握手。
12．A，an的区别
名词前面用a还使用an，不是看其后的起首字母是元音字母还是辅音字母，而是看其后的起首音节音素。,a用于辅音音素开头的名词前面，an用于元音音素开头的名词前面。
①h再on, our, eir前不发音，故用an。She is an honest girl.她是一个诚实的姑娘。
He is an heir at law.他是法定继承人。
②u发自身音/ju:/时，用a，因为[j]是半元音，属于辅音，发元音时用an。
He is an inexperienced man just coming out of a university.他是刚从大学里出来的没有经验的人。
It’s a useless tool.这是没用的工具。
③once 和one起首音节音素是半元音，故前用a。
They made a one-side decision.他们做出了片面的决定。
She was a once chairman of the committee.她曾是该委员会主席。
④eu和ew在词首时，发音是/ju:/，故用a。
This is a European country.这是一个欧洲国家。
Sometimes it is necessary to use a euphemism.有时候使用委婉语是很必要的。
⑤英语的26个字母常用于缩略语中，在A, E, F, H, I, L, M, N, O, R, S, X前药用an，其余的用a。
There an “f”in the word “flag”.再flag 这个单词里面有一个f。
He is an A student in our school.他在我校是一名优等生。
13．不定冠词a(n)与数词one的比较。不定冠词a(n)与数词one有时可以互换，但并不是在任何情况下都行。a(n)不强调数量，而one确是强调数量，它相对于two, three, four等数词而言，暗示是一个而不是两个或三个。
①表示数目“一”时，在与表示“数字、时间、重量、距离、长度、金钱”的名词连用时；以及一些习惯用语中二者可以换用。
One/A fourth of the students came to the gathering.四分之一的学生参加了聚会。A/One hundred people are there.100人在哪里。
②用在表姓氏的专有名词前表示“有一个、某一个”时可以换用，单用a时表姓氏的专有名词前必须有称号、称呼、尊称等，用one时可以不带。
A/One Mr. Smith told me the news.一个施密斯先生的人告诉的我这个消息。One Bob is expecting your reply.一个叫鲍勃人在等你的答复。
③在“of + a(n) +名词”表示“一致、同一”的结构中可以换用。
The rooms are of a/one size.这些房子一样大。
The two boys are of an/one age.这两个男孩一样大。
④在“not one + 名词”与“not a +名词”的结构中，可以换用。
Not one/a word was spoken.说的不少。Not one/a pond was wasted.浪费很大。
注意：在后面又of短语表示范围，要用one，不能用a；not one可以单独使用，而not a 不可以单独使用。
Not one of them can answer the question.他们中不止一个能回答这个问题。
Not even a window was unbroken. Not one.坏了不止一扇窗户。不止一扇。
⑤在表示事物之间的对比时，只能用one 不能用a(n)。
To say is one thing, to do is another.说是一回事；做又是另一回事。
I have three sisters, but one brother.我有三个姐姐，但只有一个哥哥。
⑥表示“其中之一、第一”；运算习惯、强调数目时只能用one,不能用a(n)。One of the best ways to keep friends is to return it.最好的维系友情的方式之一就是礼尚往来。
Once one is one.一乘一等于一。There is only one student in the classroom.教室里只有一个学生。
⑦在表是一个特定的但又未指明的时间段时，只能用one意为“某一”，不能用a(n)。
I remember seeing her one winter in Beijing.我记得有一年冬天在北京见过她。
He left one morning in September.他在九月的一个早晨离开的。
⑧在表示一类泛指时只能用a(n)，不能用one。
A rolling eye, a roving heart.别久情亦疏。
A whale is a mammal, not a fish.鲸是哺乳动物，不是鱼。
（二）定冠词的用法
1．姓氏的复数形式之前使用定冠词，表一家人或夫妇俩。
The Browns are going to London for their holiday.布朗一家要去伦敦度假。
2．用在表示单位的名词前，有时具有every, each或per的含义。
They are paid by the week.他们按周计酬。
Meat is sold by the catty.肉按斤卖。3．用于上文提过的人或物之前，指谈话者双方都知道的人或物（熟知或心照不宣）。
He bought a book yesterday. The book is very interesting.他昨天买了一本书，这本书很有趣。
Let's meet at the airport.我们在机场碰头吧。
4．用在可数名词单数前，表示一类人或物。
The telephone was invented in 1976.电话发明于1876年。
The whale is a huge animal.鲸鱼是巨大的动物。
5．用在表示世界上“独一二”的事物的名词前。
the sun 太阳the earth 地球
the moon月球the sky天空the atmosphere大气
注意：若这类名词前有描绘性定语修饰，则可加不定冠词。
a risen sun 升起的太阳
a bright moon一轮明月
a blue sky蔚蓝的天空
6．序数词、形容词最高级（包括特指“两者中较……”）及方位词前常用定冠词the。
Lucy is the cleverer of the twins.这对双胞胎中露茜比较聪明。
Of the two shirts, I'd like to choose the less expensive one.这两件衬衣中，我愿选便宜的。
7．用在某些形容词或过去分词连用，使其名词化，代表一类人、物或某种抽象的概念。作主语时谓语动词一般用复数。the young年轻人
the old老人
the poor穷人
the living 活着的
The handicapped need our help.残疾人需要我们的帮助。
The learned are modest.有学问的人总是很谦虚。
8．演奏乐器名词前，通常加定冠词。play the piano弹钢琴play the violin拉小提琴play the flute吹笛子play the guitar弹吉它
9．用于逢“十”的复数数词这前，表示世纪中的几十年代或人的约略年龄。It is not rare in the 90s the people in their fifties are going to university for further education.90年代五十多岁的人到大学进修不稀奇。
10．在“beat/hit/knock/pat/strike sb.+in/on the+部位”及“catch/ grasp/ pull/ take/ seize sb.+by the+部位”的句型中或在“be blind/wounded/hurt…in the+部位”的句型中的介词短语中，指有关者的身体或衣着的一部分。
Bob hit the man in the face.鲍勃打了那人的脸。
The PLA man grasped the enemy by the collar.解放军战士抓住敌人的衣领。11．在the more...the more...句型中的the 不可省略，the起副词的作用。
The more, the better.多多益善。
The more you listen to English, the easier it becomes.英语听得越多，它就越容易听懂。
12．用在表是方向、方位的名词前。
①在介词短语中、方向或方位的名词前要用定冠词。
Birds come back from the south in spring.春天，鸟儿从南方返回。
We should think of the future.我们应当想想未来。
②方位名词大写，指某些国家或世界的某一部分时，前要用定冠词。
The North is colder than the South.北方比南方冷。
They arrived the South Pole at last.他们最终到达了南极。
13．专有名词前一般不加定冠词，但在下列情况下通常要用定冠词the。
①表示江河湖海、山脉群岛、海湾海峡等的地理名词前。
the Huanghe River黄河
the West Lake西湖
the Pacific Ocean太平洋
the Alps阿尔卑斯山
the English Channel英吉利海峡
the Taiwan Straits台湾海峡
注意：有的湖泊前习惯上不用定冠词。Lake Baikal贝加尔湖
Silver Lake银湖
Lake Ontario 安大略湖
②含有普通名词与其它词构成的专有名词，比如某些国名、组织、机构、学校、建筑物、报纸杂志、会议条约等。
the People's Republic of China 中华人民共和国
the United Kingdom联合王国
the United Nations联合国
the Great Hall of people 人民大会堂
the White House白宫
the Great Wall长城
the Times泰晤士报
the People's Daily人民日报
the University of Utah尤他州立大学14．如果两个名词指两个人或物，通常没个名词前都要加冠词；如果两个名词指同一个人或物，一般只用一个冠词。He sent her the red and the white roses.他送给她红玫瑰和白玫瑰。（两种）
He sent her the red and white roses.他送给她红白相间的玫瑰。（一种）
15．用在固定短语中。
①与时间、地点有关的
all the time一直；始终
all the year around一年到头
at the age of在多少岁时
at the same time同时
at the beginning of开始at the end of在……末
by the end of在……结束前
in the end最后
in the beginning开始
in the daytime白天
in the afternoon/evening/morning下午（晚上、早晨）
the day before yesterday前天
the day after tomorrow后天
the other day前些日子
at the bottom of在……底部
at the edge of在……边缘
at the foot of在……脚下
at/in/on the corner of在角上
by the side of在……旁边
in the direction of向……方向
in the distance远处
in the middle of中间
in the sky空中
in/on the street在大街上
in/on/to the east of在……东面
on the left/right在……右边
on the ground在地上
on the way to在去……路上
on the other side of在对面
⑵)其他较固定的搭配：
at the top of one's voice大声
by the way顺便说一下
in the darkness在黑暗中
in the form of以……形式
on/over the radio通过收音机
under the leadership of在……领导下with the help of在……帮助下
break the law犯法
form the habit of doing sth.养成……习惯join the army/league参军、入团
keep the balance of nature保持生态平衡
listen to the radio听收音机
make the bed收拾床铺
make the best use of充分利用
put sb. to the trouble of doing sth.麻烦某人干某事
take the side of支持
tell the truth...说实话
What's the difference between...?之间有什么区别……
What's the matter with...?怎么了
What's the population/height/length/weight of...?人口、高度、长度、重量多少？
使用定冠词口诀：沙漠、河流和群山，列岛、海峡和海湾，阶级、党派、国家名，组织团体和机关，方位、朝代、独一词。
会议、文件及报刊，木器、建筑、海洋群，定冠词来不能删。
（三）零冠词的用法
1、泛指的复数名词表示一类人（或物）或者表示不定量的人（或物）时，一般不使用冠词。
They are teachers.他们是教师。
He had to sell vegetables to make a living.他只得以卖菜谋生。
2、在介词后表示抽象概念的名词前。He was in prison now.他在坐牢。
He is at University.他在大学读书。
3、在“形容词+of + 表示身体部位的单数名词”结构中。
He is a stout man, red of face.他是脸色红润，非常强壮。
4、在单数类名词变为物质名词或抽象名词时。
She likes chicken very much.她喜欢吃鸡。5、单纯表示三餐、四季、学科、节假日、球类或棋类方面的名词前不用冠词。We often have lunch at 12:00.
I don't like playing football, but I like playing chess.
He likes English.
The English language is not so easy to master.
6、单数名词前已有指示代词、物主代词修饰时，表示独一无二的职位、官衔的名词在句中作表语、同位语或补足语时不再加冠词。例如：
My friend/A friend of mine came to see me last week.
He is head of the English Department.(系主任只有一个)
7、man, mankind表示“人类”；word表示“消息”或“通知”时，习惯上不加冠词。
Man will conquer nature.
Word came that I was wanted on the phone.
8、系动词turn后通常接零冠词单数名词。例如：
One of the boys turned thief/became a thief.
9、由as/though引导的倒装结构中，习惯上使用零冠词单数名词。例如：Child as/though he is,he knows a lot.
10、在某些独立结构中，单数名词前一般不用冠词。
The famous detective was sitting in a chair, pipe in mouth.那个著名的侦探坐在椅子上，嘴里叼着烟斗。
The teacher entered the classroom, book in hand.老师拿着书进了教室。
11、序数词前不用冠词的四种情况
①序数词作副词使用时不用冠词。You should first read the questions before you answer them. 在回答前首先阅读问题。
First read fast to get a general idea. Second read in detail.首先快速阅读掌握大意，其次仔细阅读掌握细节。
②序数词作名词使用，表示“名次”时，不用冠词。
The computers are all first.这些电脑均是一等奖。
The city is second with a population of 1,000,000 in the province.这个城市有一百万人口在本省名列第二。
③序数词和名词构成的复合形容词前不用冠词。
They have got first-hand information.他们已经掌握了第一手的资料。
Don’t buy second-hand car.不要卖二手车。
④序数词表示街道名词前不用冠词。He lives in Twenty-second Street.他住在22号大街。
Smith is on Sixth Avenue.施密斯在第6街。
12、某些固定短语中无冠词
①在介词或连词连接的两个相同、相对或关系密切的一些固定词组中：
all day and all night; day and night; day by day; arm in arm; east and west; face to face; father and son; husband and wife; hand in hand; heart and soul; man and woman; one by one; little by little; shoulder to shoulder; side by side; step by step; time and time,etc.
②与时间、地点、方式或状态有关的一些词组中：after graduation/liberation; all night long; at dinner; at first; at last; at night; at noon; at once; at present; at war; at work; from time to time; for sale; in life; in need; in need of; in time; in time of; on duty; on sale; on show; on strike; on time; on watch
at hand; in bed; in camp; in public; in space; in town; on top of; at/in peace with; beyond reach of; out of reach; within reach; in colour; in character; in debt; in fact; in half/into halves; in honour of; in line; in order; in price; in rags; in operation; in return; in search of; in use; for example; out of breath; out of danger; out of order; out of sight; on guard; on fire; without pride; under construction/ repair,etc.
巧记零冠词：独一职位在某地，用作表、补、同位语；独立主格作状语；By短语表方式；Man字一词意“人类”；对比含义两名词；系词turn接表语；新闻语体及标题；具体意义变抽象；含有as/though的倒装句；人名、地名、国一词；抽象、物质不特指；月份、星期、节假日；学科、语言、称呼语；颜色、病名、五感觉；棋类、球类、三餐词；复数形式表类别；固定词组、惯用语。一律使用零冠词。
初中英语语法知识—冠词的图文解析(3)
一、选择题 1．I’d like ______ orange, but I don’t want _____ orange juice. A．an, / B．an, an C．a, an D．an, a 2．— ______________ chocolate bread you want is done now. —What ______________ delicious smell! A．A；the B．A；/ C．The；a D．The；/ 3．—What did you do yesterday? —We took a trip to Water Park by ____ bus and went for ____ walk around the lake. A．/; a B．/; / C．the; a D．the; the 4．Going to ______ high school for one year in Britain was quite ______ exciting experience for me. A．不填; an B．a; a C．不填; 不填D．the; a 5．— Did you watch the movie Amazing China? —Yes. It’s one of most popular films this year. A．a B．an C．the 6．You are such __ honest kid, and I would like to invite you for __ dinner.. A．an; a B．a; the C．an; / D．a; / 7．—How is he getting along with ________ experiment? —Not smoothly. Though he failed three times, he wants to try ________ fourth time. A．the; the B．an; a C．the; a D．an; the 8．--I hear there will be______ talk on teenage problems next Monday. --Do you mean______ talk our teacher asked us to listen to? A．the; a B．a; the C．the; an D．an; the 9．There is ________ “o” and ______ “n” in the expression “positive energy”. A．an; a B．an; an C．an; the D．the; a 10．---Linda, have you heard _________ song Little Apple? ---Is it the one Chopsticks Brother s sang last year? Maybe it’s ___most popular song in 2014. A．a; the B．the; the C．a; an D．the; a 11．Hainan is _____ island with fresh air and bright sunshine. A．the B．an C．a 12．--- Look at ______ boy wearing a brown hat. Is he _________ university student? --- Yes, he studies in Beijing University. A．the, a B．a, an C．the, an D．a, a 13．Today is my little sister’s ______ birthday. My family will get together to celebrate it. A．nine B．ninth C．the ninth D．the nine 14．---Kate, are you only child in your family? ---Yes, but new baby is on the way.
人教版中考英语专项训练 冠词专项讲解及练习
人教版中考英语专项训练冠词专项讲解及练习 一、初中英语冠词 1．Song of Youth is such ___________fantastic film that I have seen it twice. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：《青春之歌》是一部如此好的电影以至于我已经看了它两次了。such+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数，表示一个如此……的……，fantastic以辅音音素开头，所以用a，故选A。 【点评】考查冠词用法，注意平时识记固定搭配，理解句意。 2．There is a pencil on the floor. pencil is Peter's. A. A B. An C. The D. / 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：在地板上有一个铅笔。这个铅笔是皮特的。本题考查定冠词the，当上文出现的名词，下文再出现时要用the。根据题意本题故选C 【点评】本题考查冠词的用法，以及a、an、the、和零冠词的用法和区别。 3．_______moon is very bright at night. A. A B. An C. The D. / 【答案】C 【解析】【分析】句意：月亮在晚上很明亮。moon表示独一无二的事物，所以前用定冠词the，故答案为C。 【点评】考查冠词的用法，在表示独一无二的名词前用the。 4．—Do you know ______ girl with long curly hair? —Yes, she is Mary. She plays ______ tennis very well. A. a, / B. the, / C. the, the D. a, the 【答案】B 【解析】【分析】句意：---你认识那个长卷发的女孩吗？---是的，她是玛丽。她网球打得很好。with long curly hair是定语，修饰girl，说明是特指的，故用the；tennis网球，球类前不用冠词，故答案为B。 【点评】考查冠词的用法。 5．—What do you usually have for breakfast？ —Some bread，________ egg and a glass of milk． A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】考查不定冠词．句意：﹣﹣你早餐通常吃什么？﹣﹣一些面包．一个鸡
高中英语语法最重要知识汇总
按：本套资料省去了名词、代词、形容词等部分，保留了最最核心的句型和动词。希望能有所帮助。 第一章名词性从句 在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 一．主语从句 主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。 1. It作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较 It作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词没有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调，无论强调的是什么成分，都可用连词that。被强调部分指人时也可用who/whom。例如： a) It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film. 你不去看那场电影真可惜。 - b) It doesn’t interest me whether you succeed or not.我对你成功与否不感兴趣。 c) It is in the morning that the murder took place.谋杀案是在早上发生的。（强调句型） d) It is John that broke the window.是John打碎的窗户。（强调句型） 2. 用it作形式主语的结构 (1) It is ＋名词＋从句 It is a fact that …; It is an honor that…; It is common knowledge that… (2) It is ＋形容词＋从句 It is natural that…It is strange that… . (3) It is ＋不及物动词＋从句 It seems that…It happened that…It appears that… (4) It ＋过去分词＋从句 It is reported that…It has been proved that…It is said that… 3. 主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况： （1）if引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首。 （2）It is said /reported…结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如： 正确表达：It is said that President Jiang will visit our school next week. ( 错误表达：That President Jiang will visit our school next week is said. （3）It happens/occurs…结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如： 正确表达：It occurred to him that he failed in the examination. 错误表达：That he failed in the examination occurred to him. （4）It doesn’t matter how/whether …结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如： 正确表达：It doesn’t matter whether he is wrong or not. 错误表达：Whether he is wrong or not doesn’t matter. （5）含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时，主语从句不可提前。例如： ； 正确表达：Is it likely that it will rain in the evening 错误表达：Is that will rain in the evening likely 4. what 与that 在引导主语从句时的区别 what 引导主语从句时在句时在从句中充当句子成分，如主语．宾语．表语，而that 则不然。例如：
高中英语冠词练习题及答案
高中英语语法强化训练(冠词) ( ) report stated that the number of Spanish speakers in the .would be higher than the number of English speaker by_____ year 2090. A.A, the B. A, / C. The ,/ D. The, a ( ) you go by ______train ,you can have quite a comfortable journey ,but make sure you get _____fast one. A. /, / B./, a C. the, a D./,/ ( ) 3. It is often said that ____teachers have _______very easy life. A /,/ B. /,a C. the,/ D. the, a ( ) can’t remember when exactly the Robinsons left _____city ,I only remember it was ______ Monday.。 A.the , the B. a ,the C. a, a D. the, a ( ) you grow up in ______large family ,you are more likely to develop _____ability to get on well with ______others . A. /,an the B. a, the ,/ C. the ,an ,the D. a, the ,the ( ) ,Taylor has ___8-year-old daughter who has _____gift for painting –she has won two national prizes.
初中英语语法：冠词的讲解
初中英语语法：冠词的讲解冠词的用法讲解:(a ,an ,the ) A和an的用法的和区别. A用在以不是原因开头的单词,an是以元音开头的单词,(a,e,I,o,u) A book , an apple ,an orange , an egg, an icon, an umbrella . 一些固定的词组; A piece of cake , a cup of water, a glass of water. The的用法 1,特指的物体,大家都知道的物体. 例如:The pen is in the box . 2.在文中第二次提到的单词. 例如:I have a book, the book is on the table. 3,在世界上独一无二的事物前面. 例如:The sun is round. 4.在乐器的前面 例如:I play the piano. 5.在序数词的面前 例如:He is the first one . 6.在形容词的最高级的前面.
例如:He is the tallest boy in my class. 7,在形容词的前面加the,表示一类人例如:The young (年轻人) 8,在姓氏的复数的前面,表示一家人.例如:The Peters(彼特的一家) 不用冠词的用法 1,在不可数名词的前面. 例如:Beef is good for us . 2,在称呼,职位,头衔的前面 例如:Peter , Doctor Li 3.在人名,地名,国名的前面. 例如:Tom is a good boy. He is in Beijing . I am in China 4.在球类,学科的前面 例如:I play football. 5.在星期,节日,月份,季节. 例如:I am happy on Sunday . On Teachers’Day. In Spring
(完整版)高中英语语法知识思维导图
什么是语法？ +表语 +宾语 +间接宾语+直接宾语 +宾语+宾语补足语 to/-ing s not
一般现在时vs.一般过去时
一般将来时 将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的 动作或存在的状态，也表示将来经 常或者重复发生的动作，常与表示 将来的时间副词连用，例如：soon, next week, this afternoon, tomorrow We will graduate next year. 我们明年毕业。
进行时(1) (V+ing) 现在分词(V+ing) 现在分词(V+ing)?
进行时(2)
完成时(1) Part1 完成时的句型构成 1-1 陈述句型：S+has/have+过去分词(p.p.) I have already finished my homework.(我已经完成了我的作业) 1-2 否定句型：S+has/have+not+过去分词(p.p.) Sandy has been a nurse in this hospital for 15 years.(珊蒂已经在这家医院担任护士长达15年了。) 1-3 疑问句型：Has/Have+s+过去分词(p.p.)? Have you ever seen Peter in past 3 months?(过去3个月内，你看见过彼吗？) 2-1 陈述句型：S+had+过去分词(p.p.) This proposal had been deliverde by Eva before Aaron finished it. (这个计划在艾伦完成以前，伊娃就已经提交出去了) 2-2 否定句型：S+had+not+过去分词(p.p.) I had not finished my work when he visited me last week.(上周他来拜访我以前，我还没有完成工作。) 2-3 疑问句型：Had+s+过去分词(p.p.)? Had you ever been to a blind date before you married?(你结婚以前曾经参加相亲吗？) 3-1 陈述句型：S+shall/will+have+过去分词(p.p.) They wll have finished the meeting by now. (他们现在应该已经开完会了) 3-2 否定句型：S+shall/will+have+not+过去分词(p.p.) We will have not made 10 apple pies by the end of today.(我们在今天结束之前不能做完10个苹果派。) 3-3 疑问句型： Shall/Will+ s+have+过去分词(p.p.)? Will they have already left by the time we get there?(我们到的时候，他们会不会已经离开了？ )
高考英语语法拿分点总结大全
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用在惯用语中【Useful Expressions】： in the day, in the morning (afternoon, evening),the day after tomorrow, the day before yesterday,the next morning, in the sky (water，field，country), in the dark, in the rain, in the distance, in the middle (of), in the end, in the whole,by the way,go to the theatre
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