(完整版)2019年高考英语考试大纲(官方版)

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高考英语考试大纲(官方版)

2019年高考英语考试大纲考核目标与要求一、语言知识要求考生掌握并能运用英语语音、词汇、语法基础知识以及所学功能意念和话题(见附录1至附录5)，要求词汇量为3500左右。

二、语言运用1.听力要求考生能听懂所熟悉话题的简短独白和对话。

考生应能：(1)理解主旨要义;(2)获取具体的、事实性信息;(3)对所听内容做出推断;(4)理解说话者的意图、观点和态度。

2.阅读要求考生能读懂书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文段以及公告、说明、广告等，并能从中获取相关信息。

考生应能：(1)理解主旨要义;(2)理解文中具体信息;(3)根据上下文推断单词和短语的含义;(4)做出判断和推理;(5)理解文章的基本结构;(6)理解作者的意图、观点和态度。

3.写作要求考生根据提示进行书面表达。

考生应能：(1)清楚、连贯地传递信息，表达意思;(2)有效运用所学语言知识。

4.口语要求考生根据提示进行口头表达。

考生应能：(1)询问或传递事实性信息，表达意思和想法;(2)做到语音、语调自然;(3)做到语言运用得体;(4)使用有效的交际策略。

高考英语考试大纲(官方版)

2019 年高考英语考试大纲考核目标与要求一、语言知识要求考生掌握并能运用英语语音、词汇、语法基础知识以及所学功能意念和话题录 1 至附录 5) ，要求词汇量为 3500 左右。

(见附二、语言运用1.听力要求考生能听懂所熟悉话题的简短独白和对话。

考生应能：(1)理解主旨要义 ;(2)获取具体的、事实性信息 ;(3)对所听内容做出推断 ;(4)理解说话者的意图、观点和态度。

2.阅读要求考生能读懂书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文段以及公告、说明、广告等并能从中获取相关信息。

考生应能：(1)理解主旨要义 ;(2)理解文中具体信息 ;(3)根据上下文推断单词和短语的含义 ;(4)做出判断和推理 ;(5)理解文章的基本结构 ;(6)理解作者的意图、观点和态度。

3.写作要求考生根据提示进行书面表达。

考生应能：(1)清楚、连贯地传递信息，表达意思 ;(2)有效运用所学语言知识。

4.口语要求考生根据提示进行口头表达。

考生应能：(1)询问或传递事实性信息，表达意思和想法;(2)做到语音、语调自然 ;(3)做到语言运用得体 ;(4)使用有效的交际策略。

2019年高考英语考试大纲官方完整版

英语考核目标与要求一、语言知识要求考生掌握并能运用英语语音、词汇、语法基础知识以及所学功能意念和话题（见附录1至附录5），要求词汇量为3500左右。

二、语言运用1．听力要求考生能听懂所熟悉话题的简短独白和对话。

考生应能：（1）理解主旨要义；（2）获取具体的、事实性信息；（3）对所听内容做出推断；（4）理解说话者的意图、观点和态度。

2．阅读要求考生能读懂书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文段以及公告、说明、广告等，并能从中获取相关信息。

考生应能：（1）理解主旨要义；（2）理解文中具体信息；（3）根据上下文推断单词和短语的含义；（4）做出判断和推理；（5）理解文章的基本结构；（6）理解作者的意图、观点和态度。

3．写作要求考生根据提示进行书面表达。

考生应能：（1）清楚、连贯地传递信息，表达意思；（2）有效运用所学语言知识。

4．口语要求考生根据提示进行口头表达。

考生应能：（1）询问或传递事实性信息，表达意思和想法；（2）做到语音、语调自然；（3）做到语言运用得体；（4）使用有效的交际策略。

附录1语音项目表1.基本读音(1) 26个字母的读音(2)元音字母在重读音节中的读音(3)元音字母在轻读音节中的读音(4)元音字母组合在重读音节中的读音(5)常见的元音字母组合在轻读音节中的读音(6)辅音字母组合的读音(7)辅音连缀的读音(8)成节音的读音2.重音(1)单词重音(2)句子重音3.读音的变化(1)连读(2)失去爆破(3)弱读(4)同化4.语调与节奏(1)意群与停顿(2)语调(3)节奏5.语音、语调、重音、节奏等在口语交流中的运用6.朗诵和演讲中的语音技巧7.主要英语国家的英语语音差异附录2语法项目表1.名词(1)可数名词及其单复数(2)不可数名词(3)专有名词(4)名词所有格2.代词(1)人称代词(2)物主代词(3)反身代词(4)指示代词(5)不定代词(6)疑问代词3.数词(1)基数词(2)序数词4.介词和介词短语5.连词6.形容词(比较级和最高级)7.副词(比较级和最高级)8.冠词9.动词(1)动词的基本形式(2)系动词(3)及物动词和不及物动词(4)助动词(5)情态动词10.时态(1)一般现在时(2)一般过去时(3)一般将来时(4)现在进行时(5)过去进行时(6)过去将来时(7)将来进行时(8)现在完成时(9)过去完成时(10)现在完成进行时11.被动语态12.非谓语动词(1)动词不定式(2)动词的-ing形式(3)动词的-ed形式13.构词法(1)合成法(2)派生法(3)转化法(4)缩写和简写14.句子种类(1)陈述句(2)疑问句(3)祈使句(4)感叹句15.句子成分(1)主语(2)谓语(3)表语(4)宾语(5)定语(6)状语(7)补语16.简单句的基本句型17.主谓一致18.并列复合句19.主从复合句(1)宾语从句(2)状语从句(3)定语从句(4)主语从句(5)表语从句20.间接引语21.省略22.倒装23.强调24.虚拟语气附录3功能意念项目表1.社会交往(Social Communications)(1)问候(Greetings)(2)介绍(Introduction)(3)告别(Farewells )(4)感谢(Thanks )(5)道歉(Apologies)(6)邀请(Invitation)(7)请求允许(Asking for permission)(8)祝愿和祝贺(Expressing wishes and congratulations)(9)提供帮助(Offering help)(10)接受和拒绝(Acceptance and refusal)(11)约会(Making appointments)(12)打电话(Making telephone calls)(13)就餐(Having meals)(14)就医(Seeing the doctor)(15)购物(Shopping)(16)问路(Asking the way)(17)谈论天气(Talking about weather)(18)语言交际困难(Language difficulties in communication)(19)提醒注意(Reminding)(20)警告和禁止(Warning and prohibition)(21)劝告(Advice)(22)建议(Suggestions)2.态度(Attitudes)(23)同意和不同意(Agreement and disagreement)(24)喜欢和不喜欢(Likes and dislikes)(25)肯定和不肯定(Certainty and uncertainty)(26)可能和不可能(Possibility and impossibility)(27)能够和不能够(Ability and inability)(28)偏爱和优先选择(Preference)(29)意愿和打算(Intentions and plans)(30)希望和愿望(Hopes and wishes)(31)表扬和鼓励(Praise and encouragement)(32)责备和抱怨(Blame and complaint)(33)冷淡(Indifference)(34)判断与评价(Judgement and evaluation)3.情感(Emotions)(35)高兴(Happiness)(36)惊奇(Surprise)(37)忧虑(Worries)(38)安慰(Reassurance)(39)满意(Satisfaction)(40)遗憾(Regret)(41)同情(Sympathy)(42)恐惧(Fear) (43)愤怒(Anger)4.时间(Time)(44)时刻(Point of time)(45)时段(Duration)(46)频度(Frequency)(47)时序(Sequence)5.空间(Space)(48)位置(Position)(49)方向(Direction)(50)距离(Distance)6.存在(Existence)(51)存在与不存在(Existence andNon-existence)7.特征(Features)(52)形状(Shape)(53)颜色(Colour)(54)材料(Material)(55)价格(Price)(56)规格(Size)(57)年龄(Age)8.计量(Measurement)(58)长度(Length)(59)宽度(Width)(60)高度(Height)(61)数量(Number)9.比较(Comparison)(62)同级比较(Equal comparison)(63)差别比较(Comparative and superlative)(64)相似和差别(Similarity and difference)10.逻辑关系(Logical relations)(65)原因和结果(Cause and effect)(66)目的(Purpose)11.职业(Occupations)(67)工作(Jobs)(68)单位(Employer)附录 4话题项目表1.个人情况(Personal information)2.家庭、朋友与周围的人(Family, friends and people around)3.周围的环境(Personal environments)4.日常活动(Daily routines)5.学校生活(School life)6.兴趣与爱好(Interests and hobbies)7.个人感情(Emotions)8.人际关系(Interpersonal relationships)9.计划与愿望(Plans and intentions)10.节假日活动(Festivals, holidays and celebrations)11.购物(Shopping)12.饮食(Food and drink)13.健康(Health)14.天气(Weather)15.文娱与体育(Entertainment and sports)16.旅游和交通(Travel and transport)17.语言学习(Language learning)18.自然(Nature)19.世界与环境(The world and the environment)20.科普知识与现代技术(Popular science and modern technology)21.热点话题(Topical issues)22.历史与地理(History and geography)23.社会(Society)24.文学与艺术(Literature and art)附录 5词汇表Aa(an)art abandon vability nable aabnormal a aboard prep abolish v abortion nabout ad & prep above prep,a & ad abroad adabrupt a absence nabsent a absolute aabsorb vabstract a & n absurd a abundant aabuse v academic a & n academy n accelerate v accent naccept vaccess n & v accessible a accident n accommodation n accompany v accomplish v account n accountant n accumulate v accuracy n accurate a accuse v accustomed a ache v & n achieve v achievement n acid a acknowledge v acquaintance n acquire v acquisition nacre nacross prepact n & vaction nactive aactivity nactor nactress nactual aacute aAD abbrad=advertisement n adapt v adaptation nadd vaddicted a addition n address n adequate aadjust v adjustment n administration n admirable a admire v admission nadmit v adolescence n adolescent a & n adopt vadore vadult nadvance v & n advantage n adventure n advertise v advertisement n advice nadvise v advocate vaffair naffect vaffection nafford vafraid aAfrica nAfrican a & nafter ad,prep & conj afternoon n afterward(s) ad again adagainst prepage nagency nagenda nagent n aggressive aago adagree v agreement n agricultural a agriculture n ahead adaid n & vAIDS naim n & vair naircraft nairline nairmail nairplane nairport n airspace nalarm n & valbum nalcohol nalcoholic a & n algebra nalike adalive aall ad,a & pron allergic aalley nallocate vallow vallowance nalmost adalone aalong ad & prep alongside adaloud adalphabet nalready adalso adalternative a although conjaltitude naltogether ad aluminium(Am aluminum) n always adam v(be)a.m./am,A.M./AM abbr amateur aamaze vamazing a ambassador n ambassadress n ambiguous a ambition n ambulance n America namong prepamount n & vample aamuse v amusement n analyse vanalysis nancestor nanchor v & nancient aand conjanecdote nanger nangle nangry aanimal nankle nanniversary n announce vannoy vannual aanother a & pron answer n & vant nAntarctic aantique n anxiety nanxious aany pron & a anybody pron anyhow ad anyone pron anything pron anyway ad anywhere adapart ad & a apartment n apologize v apology n apparent aappeal v & n appear v appearance n appendix n appetite n applaud v & n apple napplicant n application n apply vappoint v appointment n appreciate v appreciation n approach n & v appropriate a approval n approve v approximately ad apron narbitrary aarch narchitect n architecture n Arctic aare v(be)area nargue v argument narise(arose,arisen) v arithmetic narm n & v armchair narmy naround ad & prep arrange v arrangement n arrest varrival narrive varrow nart narticle nartificial aartist nas ad,conj & prep ash nashamed aAsia nAsian a & naside adask vasleep aaspect nassess vassessment nassist vassistance nassistant nassociate vassociation nassume vassumption nastonish vastronaut nastronomer nastronomy nat prepathlete nathletic aAtlantic aatmosphere natom nattach vattack v & nattain vattempt v & nattend vattention nattitude nattract vattraction nattractive aaudience naunt nauthentic aauthor nauthority nautomatic aautonomous aautumn navailable aavenue naverage a & navoid vawake(awoke,awoken) v & a award naware aaway adawesome aawful aawkward aBbaby nbachelor nback ad,a & n background nbackward(s) adbacon nbacterium(pl bacteria) n bad(worse,worst) a badminton nbag nbaggage n bakery nbalance nbalcony nball nballet nballoon nbamboo nban n & vbanana nband nbandage nbank nbar nbarbecue nbarber nbarbershop nbare abargain n & vbark v & nbarrier nbase nbaseball nbasement nbasic abasin nbasis nbasket nbasketball nbat nbath nbathe vbathroom nbathtub nbattery nbattle nbay nBC abbrbe(am,is,are,was,were,being,been) v beach nbean nbean curd n1bear2bearnvbeard nbeast nbeat(beat,beaten) v & n beautiful abeauty nbecause conjbecome(became,become) v bed nbeddings nbedroom nbee nbeef nbeer nbefore prep,ad&conjbeg vbegin(began,begun) vbehalf nbehave vbehaviour(Am behavior) n behind prep & adbeing nbelief nbelieve vbell nbelly nbelong vbelow prepbelt nbench nbend(bent,bent) v beneath prepbeneficial abenefit n & vbent a & nbeside prepbesides prep & adbetray vbetween prepbeyond prepbicycle nbid v & nbig abike=bicycle nbill nbingo nbiochemistry n biography nbiology nbird nbirth nbirthday nbirthplace nbiscuit nbishop nbit nbite(bit,bitten) vbitter ablack a & nblackboard nblame n & vblank n & ablanket nbleed vbless vblind ablock n & vblood nblouse nblow(blew,blown) vblue n & aboard n & vboat nbody nboil vbomb n & vbond n & vbone nbonus nbook n & vboom n & v boot nbooth nborder nbored aboring aborn aborrow vboss nbotanical abotany nboth a & pronbother vbottle nbottom nbounce vbound aboundary nbow v & nbowl nbowling nbox nboxing nboy nboycott vbrain nbrake n & vbranch nbrand nbrave abravery nbread nbreak(broke,broken) v & n breakfast n breakthrough nbreast nbreath nbreathe vbreathless abrewery nbrick nbride nbridegroom nbridge nbrief abright abrilliant abring(brought,brought) v broad abroadcast(broadcast, broadcast 或-ed,-ed) v brochure nbroken abroom nbrother nbrown n & abrunch nbrush v & nBuddhism nbudget nbuffet nbuild(built,built) v building nbunch nbungalow nburden nbureaucratic aburglar nburn(burnt,burnt或-ed,-ed) v & nburst vbury vbus nbush nbusiness n businessman/woman(pl businessmen/ women) n busy abut conj & prepbutcher n & vbutter nbutterfly nbutton n & vbuy(bought,bought) vby prepbye intCcab ncabbage ncafe ncafeteria ncage ncake ncalculate vcall n & vcalm a & vcamel ncamera ncamp n & vcampaign n1can (could);can't=cannot modal v2can ncanal ncancel vcancer ncandidate ncandle ncandy ncanteen ncap ncapital ncapsule ncaptain ncaption ncar ncarbon n card ncare n & vcareful acareless acarpenter ncarpet ncarriage ncarrier ncarrot ncarry vcartoon ncarve vcase ncash n & vcassette ncast(cast,cast) v castle ncasual acat ncatalogue n catastrophe ncatch(caught,caught) v category ncater vCatholic acattle ncause n & vcaution ncautious acave nCD=compact disk n ceiling ncelebrate v celebration ncell ncent ncentigrade a centimetre(Am centimeter) n central acentre(Am center) n century nceremony ncertain acertificate nchain nchair nchairman/woman(pl chairmen/women) n chalk nchallenge n challenging a champion nchance nchange n & v changeable a channel nchant v & nchaos nchapter ncharacter n characteristic a & n charge v & nchart nchat n & vcheap acheat n & vcheck n & vcheek ncheer n & vcheerful acheers intcheese nchef nchemical a & n chemist nchemistry ncheque(Am check) n chess nchest nchew vchicken nchief a & nchild(pl children) n childhood n chocolate nchoice nchoir nchoke n & vchoose(chose,chosen) v chopsticks nchorus nChristian n Christmas nchurch ncigar ncigarette ncinema ncircle n & vcircuit ncirculate v circumstance ncircus ncitizen ncity ncivil acivilian ncivilization nclap vclarify vclass nclassic aclassify vclassmate n classroom nclaw nclay nclean v & acleaner nclear aclerk nclever aclick vclimate nclimb vclinic nclock nclone v close a & adcloth nclothes nclothing ncloud ncloudy aclub nclumsy acoach ncoal ncoast ncoat ncocoa ncoffee ncoin ncoincidence ncoke ncold a & ncollar ncolleague ncollect vcollection ncollege ncollision ncolour(Am color) n & v comb n & vcombine vcome(came,come) v comedy ncomfort n comfortable a command n & v comment n commercial acommit v commitment n committee n common a communicate v communication n communism n communist n & a companion n company ncompare vcompass n compensate v compete v competence n competition n complete a & v complex a & n component n composition n comprehension n compromise v compulsory a computer n concentrate v concept nconcern v & n concert nconclude v conclusion nconcrete a condemn v condition n conduct v conductor n conference n confident a confidential a confirm v conflict n confuse v congratulate v congratulation n connect v connection n conscience n consensus n consequence n conservation n conservative a consider v considerate a consideration n consist v consistent a constant a constitution n construct v construction n consult v consultant n consume v contain v container n contemporary a 1content2contentnacontinent n continue v contradict v contradictory a contrary n & a contribute v contribution n control v & n controversial a convenience n convenient a conventional a conversation n convey v convince v cook n & v cooker n cookie ncool acopy n & v corn ncorner n corporation n correct v & a correction n correspond v corrupt a & vcost n & vcosy(Am cozy) a cottage ncotton n & acough n & vcould modal v count vcounter ncountry n countryside n couple ncourage ncourse ncourt ncourtyard ncousin ncover n & vcow ncrash v & ncrayon ncrazy acream ncreate vcreature ncredit ncrew ncrime ncriminal ncriterion(pl criteria) n crop ncross n & v crossing n crossroads ncrowd n & vcruel acry n & vcube ncubic acuisine nculture ncup ncupboard ncure n & vcurious acurrency n curriculum n curtain ncushion ncustom n customer n customs ncut(cut,cut) v & n cycle vcyclist nDdad=daddy ndaily a,ad & ndam ndamage n & v damp a & ndance n & vdanger ndangerous adare v & modal v dark a & ndarkness ndash v & ndata ndatabase ndate n & vdaughter ndawn nday ndead adeadline ndeaf adeal ndear adeath ndebate n & vdebt ndecade ndecide vdecision ndeclare vdecline vdecorate v decoration n decrease vdeed ndeep a & addeer ndefeat vdefence(Am defense) n defend vdegree ndelay n & vdelete v & n deliberately ad delicate adelicious adelight ndelighted adeliver vdemand vdentist n department(Dept.) n departure ndepend vdeposit v & ndepth ndescribe v description ndesert v & ndeserve vdesign v & ndesire v & ndesk ndesperate adessert n destination ndestroy vdetective n determine v develop v development n devote vdevotion ndiagram ndial vdialogue(Am dialog) n diamond ndiary ndictation n dictionary ndie vdiet ndiffer vdifference n different adifficult adifficulty ndig(dug,dug) v digest vdigital adignity ndilemma n dimension ndinner ndinosaur ndioxide ndip vdiploma ndirect a & v direction ndirector ndirectory ndirty adisability ndisabled a disadvantage n disagree v disagreement n disappear v disappoint v disappointed a disaster ndiscount n discourage v discover v discovery n discrimination n discuss v discussion n disease n disgusting adish ndisk=disc ndislike vdismiss vdistance ndistant adistinction n distinguish v distribute vdistrict ndisturb vdisturbing adive vdiverse adivide vdivision ndivorce vdizzy ado(did,done) vdoctor ndocument ndog ndoll ndollar ndonate vdoor ndormitory(dorm) ndot ndouble a & ndoubt n & vdown prep & ad download n & v downstairs addowntown ad,n & adozen nDr=doctor ndraft n & vdrag vdraw(drew,drawn) v drawback ndrawer ndream(dreamt,dreamt或-ed,-ed) n & vdress n & vdrill n & vdrink(drank,drunk) vdrive(drove,driven) v driver ndrop n & vdrug ndrum ndrunk adry v & aduck ndue adull adumpling nduring prepdusk ndust ndustbin ndusty aduty nDVD=digital versatile disk n dynamic adynasty nEeach a & proneager aeagle near nearly a & adearn vearth nearthquake n east a,ad & n Easter neastern aeasy aeat(ate,eaten) v ecology nedge nedition neditor neducate v education n educator neffect neffort negg neggplant neither a,conj & ad elder nelect velectric a electrical a electricity n electronic a elegant a elephant nelse ade-mail n & v embarrass v embassy n emergency n emperor n employ vempty a encourage v encouragement n end n & vending nendless aenemy n energetic a energy nengine n engineer nenjoy v enjoyable a enlarge venough pron,a & ad enquiry nenter v enterprise n entertainment n enthusiastic a entire aentrance nentry nenvelope n environment n envy v & nequal a & v equality nequip v equipment n eraser nerror nerupt vescape n & v especially ad essay nEurope n European a & n evaluate veven adevening nevent neventually adever adevery a everybody pron everyday a everyone pron everything pron everywhere ad evidence nevident a evolution nexact aexam=examination n examine v example n excellent aexcept prep exchange n & v excite vexcuse n & v exercise n & v exhibition nexist vexistence nexit nexpand vexpect v expectation n expense n expensive a experience n experiment n expert nexplain v explanation n explicit aexplode vexplore vexport n & v expose vexpress v & n expression n extension nextra a extraordinary a extreme aeye neyesight nFface n & vfacial afact nfactory nfade v fail v & nfailure n1fair2fairanfaith n1fall (fell,fallen) v2fall (Am)=autumn nfalse afamiliar afamily nfamous afan nfancy n,v & afantastic afantasy nfar(farther,farthest或further,furthest) a & ad fare nfarm nfarmer nfast a & adfasten vfat n & afather nfault nfavour(Am favor) n favourite(Am favorite) a & n fax n & vfear nfeast nfeather nfederal afee nfeed(fed,fed) vfeel(felt,felt) vfeeling nfellow nfemale a & nfence nferry nfestival n & afetch vfever nfew pron & afibre(Am fiber) nfiction nfield nfierce afight(fought,fought) n & v figure n & vfile nfill vfilm n & vfinal afinance nfind(found,found) v1fine2fineavflat2nfinger nfingernail nfinish v & nfire n & vfireworks n1firm2firmnaflee(fled,fled) vflesh nflexible aflight nfloat vflood n & vfloor nflour nflow vflower nflu nfluency nfluent a1fly (flew,flown)2flynvfish n & vfisherman nfist nfit a & vfix vflag nflame nflash nflashlight nflat1afocus v & nfog nfoggy afold vfolk n & afollow vfond afood nfool n & vfoolish afoot(pl feet) nfootball nfor prep & conjforbid(forbade,forbidden) v force vforecast n & vforehead nforeign aforeigner nforesee(foresaw,foreseen) v forest nforever adforget(forgot,forgot/forgotten) v forgetful aforgive(forgave,forgiven) v fork nform n & vformat nformer afortnight nfortunate afortune nforward adfoster vfound vfountain nfox nfragile afragrant aframework nfranc nfree afreedom nfreeway nfreeze(froze,frozen) v freezing afrequent afresh afriction nfridge=refrigerator nfriend nfriendly afriendship nfrighten vfrog nfrom prepfront a & nfrontier nfrost nfruit nfry vfuel nfull afun n & afunction n & vfundamental afuneral nfunny afur nfurnished afurniture nfuture nGgain vgallery ngallon ngame ngarage ngarbage ngarden ngarlic ngarment ngas ngate ngather vgay ageneral a & n generation n generous agentle agentleman n geography n geometry ngesture nget(got,got) vgift ngifted agiraffe ngirl ngive(gave,given) vglad aglance vglare vglass nglobe nglory nglove nglue ngo(went,gone) vgoal ngoat ngod ngold n & agolden agolf ngood(better,best) a goods ngoose(pl geese) n govern v government ngrade ngradual agraduate v graduation ngrain ngram ngrammar ngrand agrandchild n granddaughter n grandma=grandmother n grandpa=grandfather n grandparents n grandson ngranny ngrape ngraph ngrasp v33grass ngrateful agravity ngreat a & adgreedy agreen a & ngreengrocer ngreet vgreeting ngrey(Am gray) agrill ngrocer ngrocery nground ngroup ngrow(grew,grown) v growth nguarantee vguard nguess vguest nguidance nguide nguilty aguitar ngun ngym=gymnasium n gymnastics nHhabit nhair nhaircut nhalf a & nhall nham nhamburger nhammer nhand n & vhandbag nhandful nhandkerchief nhandle n & vhandsome ahandwriting nhandy ahang(hung,hung 或-ed,-ed) v happen vhappiness nhappy aharbour(Am harbor) nhard ad & ahardly adhardship nhardworking aharm n & vharmful aharmony nharvest n & vhat nhatch vhate v & n34have(has,had,had) vhe pronhead n & vheadache nheadline n headmaster n headmistress nhealth nhealthy ahear(heard,heard) v hearing nheart nheat nheaven nheavy aheel nheight nhelicopter nhello inthelmet nhelp n & vhelpful ahen nher pronherb nhere adhero nhers pronherself pronhesitate vhi inthide(hid,hidden) vhigh a & adhighway nhill nhim pronhimself pronhire vhis pronhistory nhit(hit,hit) v & nhobby nhold(held,held) vhole nholiday nholy ahome n & ad homeland n hometown n homework nhonest ahoney nhonour(Am honor) n & v hook n & vhope n & vhopeful ahopeless ahorrible ahorse nhospital nhost n & vhostess n35hot ahotdog nhotel nhour nhouse nhousewife n housework nhow adhowever ad & conj howl vhug vhuge ahuman a & n human being n humorous ahumour(Am humor) n hunger nhungry ahunt vhunter nhurricane nhurry vhurt(hurt,hurt) v husband n hydrogen nII pronice nice-cream nidea nidentity n identification n idiom nif conjignore vill aillegal aillness nimagine v immediately ad immigration n import v & n importance n important a impossible a impress v impression n improve vin prep & adinch nincident ninclude vincome nincrease v & n indeed a independence n independent a indicate vindustry n influence n & v inform v36information ninitial ainjure vinjury nink ninn ninnocent ainsect ninsert vinside prep & adinsist vinspect vinspire vinstant ainstead adinstitute ninstitution ninstruct vinstruction n instrument n insurance ninsure vintelligence nintend vintention ninterest ninteresting a international a Internet ninterpreter ninterrupt vinterval ninterview n & vinto prepintroduce v introduction ninvent vinvention ninvitation ninvite viron n & virrigation nis v(be)island nit pronits pronitself pronJjacket njam njar njaw njazz njeans njeep njet njewellery(Am jewelry) n job njog vjoin vjoke n37journalist njourney njoy njudge n & vjudgement(Am judgment) njuice njump n & vjungle njunior ajust a & adjustice nkiss n & vkitchen nkite nknee nknife(pl knives) nknock n & vknow(knew,known) v knowledge nKkangaroo nkeep(kept,kept) vkettle nkey nkeyboard nkick v & nkid nkill vkilo nkilogram nkilometre(Am kilometer) n 1kind2kindnakindergarten nkindness nking nkingdom nLlab=laboratory nlabour(Am labor) nlack n & vlady nlake nlamb nlame alamp nland n & vlanguage nlantern nlap nlarge alast a & vlate a & adlatter nlaugh n & vlaughter nlaundry nlaw n lawyer n 38。

2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲、考试说明解读：英语

2019年高考考试说明解读：英语2016年10月11日，教育部考试中心主任姜钢在《中国教育报》发表署名文章《探索构建高考评价体系全方位推进高考内容改革》，该文章为今后的高考指明了方向：把立德树人作为教育的根本任务，紧扣全国统一考试大纲，以考查学生综合运用语言的能力为主要目标。

其后的《2017年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲》及《2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲》都保持了这一根本方向。

而细读《2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲》，发现其与2017年和2018年的《考试大纲》保持一致，没有明显的变化。

这说明在2019年的高考英语中，试题将继续体现高中英语教育、教学的基本原则，即落实立德树人的根本教学任务，以英语学科核心素养为纲，体现英语学科的基础性、工具性、交际性和思想性等。

重视对学生基础知识的考查，继续深化对英语实际应用能力的考查，相对弱化语法，加强听力、阅读、写作能力，体现交际功能和中国文化元素等。

《2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲的说明》的变化集中体现在书面表达的样题改变、评分原则和第二档、第一档的评分依据上。

在2019年的《考试说明》中，书面表达样题特意使用了2018年全国卷III的书面表达——向英国朋友介绍你校学生体育运动情况。

具体如下：假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Peter来信询问你校学生体育运动情况。

请给他回信，内容包括：1. 学校的体育场馆；2. 主要的运动项目；3. 你喜欢的项目。

注意：1．词数100左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

在书面表达样题后，“评分原则”前新增一段说明：【说明】书面表达题目旨在考查考生的英语写作能力，评价其能否运用相关常识和语言知识进行有效的文字表达，完成特定的交际任务。

本题要求考生给英国朋友写封回信，答复他所询问的学校学生体育运动情况，引导考生关注体育运动和身心健康，弘扬体育精神。

在“评分原则”中，将2018年及以前的第4点：“内容要点、应用词汇和语法结构的数量和……”改为“内容要点、应用词汇和语法结构的丰富性和……”。

英语 2019全国卷高考各科考试大纲

二、语言运用1．听力要求考生能听懂所熟悉话题的简短独白和对话。

考生应能：（1）理解主旨要义；（2）获取具体的事实性信息；（3）对所听内容做出推断；（4）理解说话者的意图、观点和态度。

2．阅读要求考生能读懂书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文段以及公告、说明、广告等，并能从中获取相关信息。

3．写作要求考生根据提示进行书面表达。

考生应能：（1）清楚、连贯地传递信息，表达意思；（2）有效运用所学语言知识。

4．口语要求考生根据提示进行口头表达。

考生应能：（1）询问或传递事实性信息，表达意思和想法；（2）做到语音、语调自然；（3）做到语言运用得体；（4）使用有效的交际策略。

1. 基本读音(1) 26 个字母的读音(2) 元音字母在重读音节中的读音(3) 元音字母在轻读音节中的读音(4) 元音字母组合在重读音节中的读音(5) 常见的元音字母组合在轻读音节中的读音(6) 辅音字母组合的读音(7) 辅音连缀的读音(8) 成节音的读音2. 重音(1) 单词重音(2) 句子重音3. 读音的变化(1) 连读(2) 失去爆破(3) 弱读(4) 同化4. 语调与节奏(1) 意群与停顿(2) 语调(3) 节奏5. 语音、语调、重音、节奏等在口语交流中的运用6. 朗诵和演讲中的语音技巧7. 主要英语国家的英语语音差异1. 名词(1) 可数名词及其单复数(2) 不可数名词(3) 专有名词(4) 名词所有格2. 代词(1) 人称代词(2) 物主代词(3) 反身代词(4) 指示代词(5) 不定代词(6) 疑问代词3. 数词(1) 基数词(2) 序数词4. 介词和介词短语5. 连词6. 形容词(比较级和最高级)7. 副词(比较级和最高级)8. 冠词9. 动词(1) 动词的基本形式(2) 系动词(3) 及物动词和不及物动词(4) 助动词(5) 情态动词10. 时态(1) 一般现在时(2) 一般过去时4(3) 一般将来时(4) 现在进行时(5) 过去进行时(6) 过去将来时(7) 将来进行时(8) 现在完成时(9) 过去完成时(10) 现在完成进行时11. 被动语态12. 非谓语动词(1) 动词不定式(2) 动词的-ing 形式(3) 动词的-ed 形式13. 构词法(1) 合成法(2) 派生法(3) 转化法(4) 缩写和简写14. 句子种类(1) 陈述句(2) 疑问句(3) 祈使句(4) 感叹句15. 句子成分(1) 主语(2) 谓语(3) 表语(4) 宾语(5) 定语(6) 状语(7) 补语16. 简单句的基本句型17. 主谓一致18. 并列复合句19. 主从复合句(1) 宾语从句(2) 状语从句(3) 定语从句(4) 主语从句(5) 表语从句20. 间接引语21. 省略22. 倒装23. 强调24. 虚拟语气附录3 功能意念项目表1. 社会交往 (Social Communications)(1) 问候 (Greetings) (2) 介绍(Introduction) (3) 告别 (Farewells ) (4)感谢 (Thanks ) (5) 道歉 (Apologies)(6) 邀请 (Invitation)(7) 请求允许 (Asking for permission)(8) 祝愿和祝贺 (Expressing wishes and congratulations)(9) 提供帮助 (Offering help)(10) 接受和拒绝 (Acceptance and refusal)(11) 约会 (Making appointments)(12) 打电话 (Making telephone calls)(13) 就餐 (Having meals) (14) 就医(Seeing the doctor)(15) 购物 (Shopping)(16) 问路 (Asking the way)(17) 谈论天气 (Talking about weather)(18) 语言交际困难 (Language difficulties in communication)(19) 提醒注意 (Reminding)(20) 警告和禁止 (Warning and prohibition)(21) 劝告 (Advice)(22) 建议 (Suggestions)2. 态度 (Attitudes)(23) 同意和不同意 (Agreement and disagreement)(24) 喜欢和不喜欢 (Likes and dislikes)(25) 肯定和不肯定 (Certainty and uncertainty)(26) 可能和不可能 (Possibility and impossibility)(27) 能够和不能够 (Ability and inability)7(28) 偏爱和优先选择 (Preference)(29) 意愿和打算 (Intentions and plans)(30) 希望和愿望 (Hopes and wishes)(31) 表扬和鼓励 (Praise and encouragement)(32) 责备和抱怨 (Blame and complaint)(33) 冷淡 (Indifference)(34) 判断与评价 (Judgement and evaluation)3. 情感 (Emotions) (35) 高兴 (Happiness) (36) 惊奇 (Surprise) (37) 忧虑 (Worries) (38)安慰 (Reassurance)(39) 满意 (Satisfaction)(40) 遗憾 (Regret) (41) 同情 (Sympathy)(42) 恐惧 (Fear)(43) 愤怒 (Anger)4. 时间 (Time)(44) 时刻 (Point of time)(45) 时段 (Duration) (46)频度 (Frequency) (47)时序 (Sequence)5. 空间 (Space)(48) 位置 (Position)(49) 方向 (Direction)(50) 距离 (Distance)6. 存在 (Existence)(51) 存在与不存在 (Existence and Non-existence) 7. 特征 (Features) (52) 形状 (Shape) (53) 颜色(Colour)8(54) 材料 (Material)(55) 价格 (Price)(56) 规格 (Size)(57) 年龄 (Age)8. 计量 (Measurement)(58) 长度 (Length)(59) 宽度 (Width)(60) 高度 (Height)(61) 数量 (Number)9. 比较 (Comparison)(62) 同级比较 (Equal comparison)(63) 差别比较 (Comparative and superlative)(64) 相似和差别 (Similarity and difference) 10. 逻辑关系 (Logical relations)(65) 原因和结果 (Cause and effect)(66) 目的 (Purpose)11. 职业 (Occupations)(67) 工作 (Jobs)(68) 单位 (Employer)附录4 话题项目表1. 个人情况 (Personal information)2. 家庭、朋友与周围的人 (Family, friends and people around)3. 周围的环境 (Personal environments)4. 日常活动 (Daily routines)5. 学校生活 (School life)6. 兴趣与爱好 (Interests and hobbies)7. 个人感情 (Emotions)8. 人际关系 (Interpersonal relationships)9. 计划与愿望 (Plans and intentions)10. 节假日活动 (Festivals, holidays and celebrations)11. 购物 (Shopping)12. 饮食 (Food and drink)13. 健康 (Health)14. 天气 (Weather)15. 文娱与体育 (Entertainment and sports)16. 旅游和交通 (Travel and transport)17. 语言学习 (Language learning)18. 自然 (Nature)19. 世界与环境 (The world and the environment)20. 科普知识与现代技术 (Popular science and modern technology)21. 热点话题 (Topical issues)22. 历史与地理 (History and geography)23. 社会 (Society)24. 文学与艺术 (Literature and art)附录5 词汇表A accommodation na(an) art accompany vabandon v accomplish vability n account nable a accountant nabnormal a accumulate vaboard prep accuracy nabolish v accurate aabortion n accuse vabout ad & prep accustomed aabove prep,a & ad ache v & nabroad ad achieve vabrupt a achievement nabsence n acid aabsent a acknowledge vabsolute a acquaintance nabsorb v acquire vabstract a & n acquisition nabsurd a acre nabundant a across prepabuse v act n & vacademic a & n academy n accelerate v accent n accept v access n & v accessible a accident n action n active a activity n actor n actress n actual a acute a AD abbrad=advertisement n afford vadapt v afraid a adaptation n Africa nadd v African a & n addicted a after ad,prep & conj addition n afternoon n address n afterward(s) ad adequate a again adadjust v against prep adjustment n age n administration n agency n admirable a agenda nadmire v agent n admission n aggressive aadmit v ago ad adolescence n agree v adolescent a & n agreement nadopt v agricultural a adore v agriculture nadult n ahead ad advance v & n aid n & v advantage n AIDS nadventure n advertise v advertisement n advice n advise v advocate v affair naffect v affection n aim n & v air n aircraft n airline n airmail n airplane n airport n airspace n alarm n & valbum n amazing a alcohol n ambassador n alcoholic a & n ambassadress n algebra n ambiguous a alike ad ambition n alive a ambulance n all ad,a & pron America n allergic a among prep alley n amount n & v allocate v ample aallow v amuse v allowance n amusement n almost ad analyse v alone a analysis n along ad & prep ancestor n alongside ad anchor v & n aloud ad ancient a alphabet n and conj already ad anecdote n also ad anger n alternative a angle n although conj angry aaltitude naltogether ad aluminium(Am aluminum) n always adam v(be)a.m./am,A.M./AM abbr amateur aamaze v animal nankle n anniversary n announce v annoy vannual a another a & pron answer n & v ant nAntarctic a appropriate a antique n approval n anxiety n approve v anxious a approximately ad any pron & a apron nanybody pron arbitrary a anyhow ad arch nanyone pron architect n anything pron architecture n anyway ad Arctic a anywhere ad are v(be)apart ad & a area napartment n argue v apologize v argument n apology n arise(arose,arisen) v apparent a arithmetic n appeal v & n arm n & vappear v armchair n appearance n army nappendix n around ad & prep appetite n arrange v applaud v & n arrangement napple n applicant n application n apply v appoint v appointment n appreciate v appreciation n approach n & v arrest varrival narrive varrow nart narticle n artificial aartist nas ad,conj & prepash n attend vashamed a attention nAsia n attitude nAsian a & n attract vaside ad attraction nask v attractive aasleep a audience naspect n aunt nassess v authentic aassessment n author nassist v authority nassistance n automatic aassistant n autonomous aassociate v autumn nassociation n available aassume v avenue nassumption n average a & nastonish v avoid vastronaut n awake(awoke,awoken) v & a astronomer n award nastronomy n aware aat prep away adathlete n athletic a Atlantic a atmosphere n atom n attach v attack v & n attain v attempt v & n awesome a awful a awkward aBbaby n bachelor n back ad,a & n background nbackward(s) ad basin nbacon n basis nbacterium(pl bacteria) n basket nbad(worse,worst) a basketball n badminton n bat nbag n bath nbaggage n bathe vbakery n bathroom nbalance n bathtub nbalcony n battery nball n battle nballet n bay nballoon n BC abbrbamboo n be(am,is,are,was,ban n & v were,being,been) v banana n beach nband n bean nbandage n bean curd nbank n bear1 nbar n bear2 vbarbecue n beard nbarber n beast nbarbershop n beat(beat,beaten) v & nbare a bargain n & v bark v & n barrier n base n baseball n basement n basic a beautiful abeauty nbecause conjbecome(became,become) v bed nbeddings nbedroom nbee nbeef n bike=bicycle n beer n bill nbefore prep,ad&conj bingo nbeg v biochemistry n begin(began,begun) v biography n behalf n biology n behave v bird n behaviour(Am behavior) n birth nbehind prep & ad birthday n being n birthplace n belief n biscuit n believe v bishop nbell n bit nbelly n bite(bit,bitten) v belong v bitter abelow prep black a & n belt n blackboard n bench n blame n & v bend(bent,bent) v blank n & a beneath prep blanket n beneficial a bleed v benefit n & v bless vbent a & n beside prep besides prep & ad betray v between prep beyond prep bicycle nbid v & nbig a blind ablock n & vblood nblouse nblow(blew,blown) v blue n & aboard n & vboat nbody nboil v brain nbomb n & v brake n & vbond n & v branch nbone n brand nbonus n brave abook n & v bravery nboom n & v bread nboot n break(broke,broken) v & n booth n breakfast nborder n breakthrough nbored a breast nboring a breath nborn a breathe vborrow v breathless aboss n brewery nbotanical a brick nbotany n bride nboth a & pron bridegroom nbother v bridge nbottle n brief abottom n bright abounce v brilliant abound a boundary n bow v & n bowl n bowling n box n boxing n boy n boycott v bring(brought,brought) v broad abroadcast(broadcast, broadcast 或-ed,-ed) v brochure nbroken abroom nbrother nbrown n & abrunch n Cbrush v & n cab nBuddhism n cabbage nbudget n cafe nbuffet n cafeteria nbuild(built,built) v cage nbuilding n cake nbunch n calculate v bungalow n call n & vburden n calm a & v bureaucratic a camel nburglar n camera nburn(burnt,burnt camp n & v或-ed,-ed) v & n campaign nburst v can1(could);bury v can’t=cannot modal v bus n can2 nbush n canal nbusiness n cancel v businessman/woman cancer n(pl businessmen/ women) n candidate nbusy a candle nbut conj & prep candy nbutcher n & vbutter nbutterfly nbutton n & vbuy(bought,bought) v by prepbye int canteen n cap n capital n capsule n captain n caption n car n carbon ncard n ceiling ncare n & v celebrate vcareful a celebration n careless a cell ncarpenter n cent ncarpet n centigrade acarriage n centimetrecarrier n (Am centimeter) n carrot n central acarry v centre(Am center) n cartoon n century ncarve v ceremony ncase n certain acash n & v certificate ncassette n chain ncast(cast,cast) v chair ncastle n chairman/woman casual a (pl chairmen/women) n cat n chalk ncatalogue n challenge n catastrophe n challenging acatch(caught,caught) v champion ncategory ncater vCatholic acattle ncause n & v caution n cautious acave nCD=compact disk n chance nchange n & v changeable a channel nchant v & n chaos nchapter n character n characteristic a & ncharge v & n Christmas n chart n church nchat n & v cigar n cheap a cigarette n cheat n & v cinema n check n & v circle n & v cheek n circuit n cheer n & v circulate v cheerful a circumstance n cheers int circus n cheese n citizen nchef n city n chemical a & n civil a chemist n civilian n chemistry n civilization n cheque(Am check) n clap vchess n clarify v chest n class nchew v classic a chicken n classify v chief a & n classmate n child(pl children) n classroom nchildhood n chocolate nchoice nchoir nchoke n & vchoose(chose,chosen) v chopsticks nchorus nChristian n claw n clay n clean v & a cleaner n clear a clerk n clever a click v climate nclimb v come(came,come) v clinic n comedy nclock n comfort nclone v comfortable a close a & ad command n & v cloth n comment n clothes n commercial a clothing n commit vcloud n commitment n cloudy a committee nclub n common a clumsy a communicate v coach n communication n coal n communism n coast n communist n & a coat n companion n cocoa n company ncoffee n compare vcoin n compass n coincidence n compensate vcoke n compete vcold a & n competence ncollar ncolleague ncollect vcollection ncollege ncollision ncolour(Am color) n & v comb n & v combine v competition n complete a & v complex a & n component n composition n comprehension n compromise v compulsory a computer nconcentrate v constant a concept n constitution n concern v & n construct v concert n construction n conclude v consult v conclusion n consultant n concrete a consume v condemn v contain v condition n container n conduct v contemporary a conductor n content1 n conference n content2 a confident a continent n confidential a continue v confirm v contradict v conflict n contradictory a confuse v contrary n & a congratulate v contribute v congratulation n contribution n connect v control v & n connection n controversial a conscience n convenience n consensus n convenient aconsequence n conservation n conservative a consider v considerate a consideration n consist v consistent a conventional a conversation n convey v convince v cook n & v cooker n cookie ncool acopy n & v creature ncorn n credit ncorner n crew n corporation n crime ncorrect v & a criminal n correction n criterion(pl criteria) n correspond v crop ncorrupt a & v cross n & vcost n & v crossing ncosy(Am cozy) a crossroads n cottage n crowd n & vcotton n & a cruel acough n & v cry n & vcould modal v cube ncount v cubic acounter n cuisine ncountry n culture n countryside n cup ncouple n cupboard n courage n cure n & vcourse n curious acourt n currency ncourtyard n cousin n cover n & v cow n crash v & n crayon n crazy a cream n create v curriculum n curtain n cushion n custom n customer n customs ncut(cut,cut) v & n cycle vcyclist ndeclare vD decline vdad=daddy n decorate vdaily a,ad & n decoration ndam n decrease vdamage n & v deed ndamp a & n deep a & addance n & v deer ndanger n defeat vdangerous a defence(Am defense) n dare v & modal v defend vdark a & n degree ndarkness n delay n & vdash v & n delete v & ndata n deliberately ad database n delicate adate n & v delicious a daughter n delight ndawn n delighted aday n deliver vdead a demand vdeadline n dentist ndeaf adeal ndear a death n debate n & v debt n decade n decide v decision n department(Dept.) n departure n depend vdeposit v & n depth ndescribe v description n desert v & n deserve vdesign v & n dilemma n desire v & n dimension n desk n dinner n desperate a dinosaur n dessert n dioxide n destination n dip vdestroy v diploma n detective n direct a & v determine v direction n develop v director n development n directory n devote v dirty a devotion n disability n diagram n disabled adial v disadvantage n dialogue(Am dialog) n disagree v diamond n disagreement n diary n disappear v dictation n disappoint v dictionary n disappointed a die v disaster ndiet n discount ndiffer v difference n different a difficult a difficulty n dig(dug,dug) v digest v digital a dignity n discourage v discover v discovery n discrimination n discuss v discussion n disease n disgusting a dish ndisk=disc n downstairs ad dislike v downtown ad,n & a dismiss v dozen ndistance n Dr=doctor n distant a draft n & v distinction n drag vdistinguish v draw(drew,drawn) v distribute v drawback ndistrict n drawer ndisturb v dream(dreamt,dreamt disturbing a 或-ed,-ed) n & v dive v dress n & vdiverse a drill n & vdivide v drink(drank,drunk) v division n drive(drove,driven) v divorce v driver ndizzy a drop n & vdo(did,done) v drug ndoctor n drum ndocument n drunk adog n dry v & adoll n duck ndollar ndonate vdoor n dormitory(dorm) n dot ndouble a & n doubt n & v down prep & ad download n & v due adull a dumpling n during prep dusk n dust n dustbin n dusty a duty nDVD=digital versatile disk n elect v dynamic a electric a dynasty n electrical aelectricity nE electronic a each a & pron elegant aeager a elephant n eagle n else adear n e-mail n & v early a & ad embarrass v earn v embassy n earth n emergency n earthquake n emperor neast a,ad & n employ v Easter n empty a eastern a encourage v easy a encouragement n eat(ate,eaten) v end n & v ecology n ending nedge n endless a edition n enemy neditor n energetic aeducate v education n educator neffect neffort negg neggplant n either a,conj & ad elder n energy nengine n engineer nenjoy venjoyable a enlarge venough pron,a & ad enquiry nenter venterprise n everything pron entertainment n everywhere ad enthusiastic a evidence nentire a evident a entrance n evolution nentry n exact aenvelope n exam=examination n environment n examine venvy v & n example nequal a & v excellent a equality n except prepequip v exchange n & v equipment n excite veraser n excuse n & verror n exercise n & v erupt v exhibition n escape n & v exist vespecially ad existence nessay n exit nEurope n expand v European a & n expect vevaluate v expectation neven ad evening n event n eventually ad ever adevery a everybody pron everyday a everyone pron expense n expensive a experience n experiment n expert n explain v explanation n explicit a explode vexplore v fantastic aexport n & v fantasy nexpose v far(farther,farthestexpress v & n 或 further,furthest) a & ad expression n fare nextension n farm nextra a farmer nextraordinary a fast a & adextreme a fasten veye n fat n & aeyesight n father nfault nF favour(Am favor) nface n & v favourite(Am favorite) a & n facial a fax n & vfact n fear nfactory n feast nfade v feather nfail v & n federal afailure n fee nfair1 a feed(fed,fed) vfair2 n feel(felt,felt) vfaith n feeling nfall1(fell,fallen) v fall2(Am)=autumn n false afamiliar afamily nfamous afan nfancy n,v & a fellow n female a & n fence nferry n festival n & a fetch v fever nfew pron & afibre(Am fiber) n flat2 nfiction n flee(fled,fled) v field n flesh nfierce a flexible afight(fought,fought) n & v flight nfigure n & v float vfile n flood n & vfill v floor nfilm n & v flour nfinal a flow vfinance n flower nfind(found,found) v flu nfine1 a fluency nfine2 v fluent afinger n fly1(flew,flown) v fingernail n fly2 nfinish v & n focus v & nfire n & v fog nfireworks n foggy afirm1 n fold vfirm2 a folk n & afish n & v follow v fisherman n fond afist n food nfit a & v fix vflag n flame n flash n flashlight n flat1 a fool n & vfoolish afoot(pl feet) nfootball nfor prep & conjforbid(forbade,forbidden) v force vforecast n & v frequent a forehead n fresh aforeign a friction n foreigner n fridge=refrigerator n foresee(foresaw,foreseen) v friend nforest n friendly aforever ad friendship nforget(forgot,forgot/forgotten) v frighten v forgetful a frog nforgive(forgave,forgiven) v from prepfork n front a & nform n & v frontier nformat n frost nformer a fruit nfortnight n fry vfortunate a fuel nfortune n full aforward ad fun n & afoster v function n & v found v fundamental a fountain n funeral nfox n funny afragile afragrant a framework nfranc nfree afreedom nfreeway nfreeze(froze,frozen) v freezing a fur n furnished a furniture n future nGgain v gallery n gallon ngame n glue ngarage n go(went,gone) v garbage n goal ngarden n goat ngarlic n god ngarment n gold n & agas n golden agate n golf ngather v good(better,best) a gay a goods ngeneral a & n goose(pl geese) n generation n govern v generous a government n gentle a grade n gentleman n gradual a geography n graduate v geometry n graduation n gesture n grain nget(got,got) v gram ngift n grammar ngifted a grand agiraffe n grandchild ngirl ngive(gave,given) v glad aglance vglare vglass nglobe nglory nglove n granddaughter n grandma=grandmother n grandpa=grandfather n grandparents n grandson ngranny ngrape ngraph ngrasp v。

2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲、考试说明解读：英语

其后的《2017年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲》及《2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲》都保持了这一根本方向。

而细读《2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲》，发现其与2017年和2018年的《考试大纲》保持一致，没有明显的变化。

重视对学生基础知识的考查，继续深化对英语实际应用能力的考查，相对弱化语法，加强听力、阅读、写作能力，体现交际功能和中国文化元素等。

《2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲的说明》的变化集中体现在书面表达的样题改变、评分原则和第二档、第一档的评分依据上。

在2019年的《考试说明》中，书面表达样题特意使用了2018年全国卷III的书面表达——向英国朋友介绍你校学生体育运动情况。

具体如下：假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Peter来信询问你校学生体育运动情况。

请给他回信，内容包括：1. 学校的体育场馆；2. 主要的运动项目；3. 你喜欢的项目。

注意：1．词数100左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

本题要求考生给英国朋友写封回信，答复他所询问的学校学生体育运动情况，引导考生关注体育运动和身心健康，弘扬体育精神。

2019年高考英语写作考试大纲解读(含答案)

2019年高考英语写作考试大纲解读（含答案）《2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲》（英语）中有关写作的要求：要求考生根据提示进行书面表达。

考生应能：（1）清楚、连贯地传递信息，表达意思；（2）有效运用所学语言知识。

【解读】写作是语言运用能力的重要表现形式。

该部分要求考生根据题示进行书面表达。

考生应能：2.使用一定的句型、词汇，清楚、连贯地表达自己的意思任何一篇文章都需要有一个主题，作者应该围绕该主题，使用合适的句型、词组等，清楚、连贯地表达自己的思想。

新课标卷主要分两节，第一节为短文改错，第二节书面表达。

常用词语和句子准时on time/punctually餐桌礼仪table manners合适的、恰当的appropriate拜访pay a visit toYou are suppos ed/expected/required to do…It’s a good idea to…It’s appropriate/suitable to do …It’s sensible/reasonable/advisable to do …It’s good manners to do …It’s noteworthy that…I think it would be more helpful if you could do…It would be wise of you to…It’s desirable to do …It’s inappropriate to do …It’s impolite to do…It’s unwise/inadvisable to do …Never （助动词/系动词/情态动词）主语+谓语动词…It’s not suitable for you to do…in such a situation.【备考启示】近年来高考写作的命题常用的思想就是高起点低落点。

高起点题目很高，中国文化，中国故事，中国礼仪等等，但最终都把它们落在应用文的框架里，这就是低落点。

2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲、考试说明解读：英语

在“评分原则”的第4点中,将原来的“应用词汇和语法结构的数量”改为“应用词汇和语法结构的丰富性”。这表示在书面表达中考生不能只追求词汇和语法结构的数量而应考虑是否采用了丰富多样的表达手法。这对在写作中过分追求较多高级词汇和复杂结构的考生来说是一个警示。词汇的使用在于多样化,如“好”可以使用splendid, excellent,superb ; admirable, super, awesome, fantastic, fancy等来代替good,fine,nice等词;在句式结构上,可以使用分词结构、独立结构等来代替定语从句、状语从句等。
在“评分原则”中,将2018年及以前的第4点:“内容要点、应用词汇和语法结构的数量和……”改为“内容要点、应用词汇和语法结构的丰富性和……”。
在“各档次的给分范围和要求”的第二档和第一档中,将原来的“语法结构单调、词汇项目有限”改为“语法结构单调、词汇知识有限”。
以上改动既体现了文中表述的规范性、严谨性,同时对书面表达及其评分标准也提出了不同的要求。
重视对学生基础知识的考查,继续深化对英语实际应用能力的考查,相对弱化语法,加强听力、阅读、写作能力,体现交际功能和中国文化元素等。
考试说明微变化
《2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲的说明》的变化集中体现在书面表达的样题改变、评分原则和第二档、第一档的评分依据上。
在2019年的《考试说明》中,书面表达样题特意使用了2018年全国卷III的书面表达——向英国朋友介绍你校学生体育运动情况。具体如下:
各档次的给分范围和要求——0分写的内容
均与所要
求内容无
关……
改成:所写内容均与所要求内容无
关…中国教育报》发表署名文章《探索构建高考评价体系全方位推进高考内容改革》,该文章为今后的高考指明了方向:把立德树人

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2019年高考英语考试大纲
考核目标与要求
一、语言知识
要求考生掌握并能运用英语语音、词汇、语法基础知识以及所学功能意念和话题(见附录1至附录5)，要求词汇量为3500左右。

二、语言运用
1.听力
要求考生能听懂所熟悉话题的简短独白和对话。

考生应能：
(1)理解主旨要义;
(2)获取具体的、事实性信息;
(3)对所听内容做出推断;
(4)理解说话者的意图、观点和态度。

2.阅读
要求考生能读懂书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文段以及公告、说明、广告等，并能从中获取相关信息。

考生应能：
(1)理解主旨要义;
(2)理解文中具体信息;
(3)根据上下文推断单词和短语的含义;
(4)做出判断和推理;
(5)理解文章的基本结构;
(6)理解作者的意图、观点和态度。

3.写作
要求考生根据提示进行书面表达。

考生应能：
(1)清楚、连贯地传递信息，表达意思;
(2)有效运用所学语言知识。

4.口语
要求考生根据提示进行口头表达。

考生应能：
(1)询问或传递事实性信息，表达意思和想法;
(2)做到语音、语调自然;
(3)做到语言运用得体;
(4)使用有效的交际策略。