托福综合写作 TPO 22 Ethanol Fuel
TPO 22 Science & Society
ETHANOL FUEL
乙醇燃料
Reading：
Ethanol fuel, made from plants such as corn and sugar cane, has been advocated by some people as an alternative to gasoline in the United States. However, many critics argue that ethanol is not a good replacement for gasoline for several reasons.
Paraphrasing 2: 大批生产乙醇燃料会导致其他用途的作物大量减少，比如说牲畜的食物。 It greatly reduces the amount of crops for other uses, like food for farm animals when people manufacture large quantities of ethanol fuel.
Vocabulary:
be made from 由...制成（看不出原料） Chopsticks are made of bamboos. corn / maize n. 玉米 sugar cane 甘蔗 cane n. 藤条；细长的茎 advocate vt. 支持，倡议 ~ sth. / doing sth. / that S. (should) do alternative (to sth.) cn. 替代品, （二选一的）选项 adj. 可选的 gasoline / gas uc. 汽油 = petro <Br.E.> critic cn. 批评家，评论家 criticize vt. 批评 criticism uc. 批评 critical adj. 严重的；重要的，批判的 replacement n. 替代；替代品 replace A with B
Vocabulary: compete with vi. 与...竞争 competition uc. 竞争 competitive adj. 竞争激烈的 / competiting 相互抵触的，相互矛盾的 ~ theories consumer cn. 消费者 consume vt. 消费，吃喝 consumption vi. 消费，消耗 in the form of 以...的形式（引导后置定语） tax cn. 税 tariff cn. 关税 subsidy cn. 补贴 subsidize vt. 补贴 producer cn. 生产商；制作人
Note Taking: Eth ×→ g/w ∵→CO2 = grnhs gas
Paraphrasing 1: 乙醇燃料对全球气候变暖没有帮助，因为它会产生二氧化碳，一种温室气体。 Ethanol fuel brings no benefits to solving global warming, because it exhausts carbon dioxide when being burnt, which is a kind of greenhouse gas.
Key Words: Second, the production of significant amounts of ethanol would dramatically reduce the amount of plants available for uses other than fuel. For example, much of the corn now grown in the United States is used to feed farm animals such as cows and chickens. It is estimated that if ethanol were used to satisfy just 10 percent of the fuel needs in the United States, more than 60 percent of the corn currently grown in the United States would have to be used to produce ethanol. If most of the corn were used to produce ethanol, a substantial source of food for animals would disappear. Note Taking: Eth 产多 → plt 4 othr use↓ e.g. farm anim food
主体段3 Third, ethanol fuel will never be able to compete with gasoline on price. Although the prices of ethanol and gasoline for the consumer are currently about the same, this is only because of the help in the form of tax subsidies given to ethanol producers by the United States government. These tax subsidies have cost the United States government over $11 billion in the past 30 years. If the United States government were to stop helping the producers in this way, the price of ethanol would increase greatly.
Key Words: First, the increased use of ethanol fuel would not help to solve one of the biggest environmental problems caused by gasoline use: global warming. Like gasoline, ethanol releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere when it is burned for fuel, and carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas: it helps trap heat in the atmosphere. Thus, ethanol offers no environmental advantage over gasoline.
Key Words: Ethanol fuel, made from plants such as corn and sugar cane, has been advocated by some people as an alternative to gasoline in the United States. However, many critics argue that ethanol is not a good replacement for gasoline for several reasons.
Volcabulary: solve vt. 解决 solution cn. 解决方案 release vt. 释放（囚徒、气体等）；发布 uc. 释放；发布 carbon dioxide 二氧化碳 carbon monoxide 一氧化碳 atmosphere uc. 大气；氛围 burn – burnt/burned – burnt/burned vt. 燃烧，（被阳光或化学物品等）灼烧 a greenhouse gas 温室气体 除CO2外还有CH4 (methane) green 绿叶植物 have an advantage over 对...有优势
主体段2 Second, the production of significant amounts of ethanol would dramatically reduce the amount of plants available for uses other than fuel. For example, much of the corn now grown in the United States is used to feed farm animals such as cows and chickens. It is estimated that if ethanol were used to satisfy just 10 percent of the fuel needs in the United States, more than 60 percent of the corn currently grown in the United States would have to be used to produce ethanol. If most of the corn were used to produce ethanol, a substantial source of food for animals would disappear.
Note Taking: Eth ＜ gas
Paraphrasing: 乙醇燃料不是汽油的理想替代品。 Ethanol fuel is not an ideal substitue for gasoline.
主体段1 First, the increased use of ethanol fuel would not help to solve one of the biggest environmental problems caused by gasoline use: global warming. Like gasoline, ethanol releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere when it is burned for fuel, and carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas: it helps trap heat in the atmosphere. Thus, ethanol offers no environmental advantage over gificant adj. 重要的；巨大的 a colossal amount of 大量的 dramatically adv. 非常，极其，戏剧性地 drama cn. 戏剧 considerably / drastically / extremely / tremendously sth. be available for sb. 某人能够获得某物 sb. have access to sth. estimate vt./n. 估计 It is ~d that / By estimate, ... 据估计 overestimate vt. 高估 underestimate vt. 低估 currently adv. 目前，现在，当下 current adj. 现在的 cn. 水流 ocean currents 洋流 currency cn. 货币；流通 虚拟语气 If + S. + ‘did’/were..., S. + would do... 对现在的虚拟
10月22日新托福写作部分点评
写作 综合部分： 1. Summarize the Points made in the Lecture being sure to explain how they challenge the specific Points made in the reading Passage. It used to be the case at most universities that only a few students Received the highest .Marks or grades But teachers today routinely give a majority of their students grades that a practice sometimes known as grade inflation .Though this practice has critics . It seems virtually irreversible .It has become part of a whole system of social and educational expectations and it can no more be changed at this point than can a tire of a moving car. First … Next… 读：关于在⼤学⾥⾯学⽣的⾼分问题 1、low marks will frustrate the motivation of students 2、the professor use the high grades to flatter the students因为教学评估，可以影响连任和升职。
3、job market.雇主喜欢要⾼分得，那代表high quality. 听：反驳 1、要纠正学⽣的态度，让他们知道学到知识才是最重要的，分数不能说明什么 2、评估可以提前，long before the final exam 3、给雇主展⽰平均分，分析⼀下分数情况，告诉他们得A的不⼀定⽐得B的好 阅读材料： grade inflation. 阅读材料讲了这个现象，声称这个现象已经相当普遍，不能去除了。
11.26托福考试解析之五：写作
11.26托福考试解析之五：写作
综合写作：抹香鲸的头部有一个器官，里面有好多鲸油。
然后讨论这个器官的功能。
第一种解释、是说这东西是用来保护头部的，雄鲸鱼会为了求偶打架，通过这个可以保护头部。
听力说这个解释不对，因为抹香鲸的头部器官结构很复杂，比其他也会在我有的时候相互装的海洋哺乳类更复杂。
说明一定还有别的功能。
第二种解释、是说抹香鲸用这个来发出巨大的声音去捕食乌贼。
听力说乌贼根本就对声音不敏感，有很多干脆是聋的，所以也不对。
第三个解释、是说抹香鲸通过加热和冷却里面的油来控制上浮或者下潜。
听力说这样特别消耗能量，因为抹香鲸太大了。
这样去控制还不如直接游就行了。
微信公众号：纯青教育。
【托福写作备考】TPO22综合写作文本及解析
【托福写作备考】TPO22综合写作文本及解析TPO 22先来看看阅读材料：Ethanol fuel, made from plants such as corn and sugar cane, has beenadvocated by some people as an alternative to gasoline in the United States.However, many critics argue that ethanol is not a good replacement for gasolinefor several reasons.译文：乙醇燃料是从玉米以下是或者甘蔗之类的植物中提取的。
在美国，一些人提倡使用乙醇燃料来代替汽油。
然而，很多评论家认为一些原因使得乙醇燃料不是良好的汽油替代品。
First, the increased use of ethanol fuel would not help to solve one of thebiggest environmental problems caused by gasoline use: global warming. Likegasoline, ethanol releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere when it is burnedfor fuel, and carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas: it helps trap heat in theatmosphere. Thus, ethanol offers no environmental advantage over gasoline.译文：首先，使用汽油带来的最大的问题之一是全球变暖，而对于乙醇燃料使用的增加并不能解决这个问题。
同汽油一样，乙醇燃烧后向大气释放二氧化碳，而二氧化碳是温室气体。
托福TPO22综合写作阅读+听力原文+满分范文【雷哥托福】
托福TPO22综合写作阅读+听力原文+满分范文【雷哥托福整理】考过的同学会发现托福综合作文分数不高，很大程度上是受我们听力实力的影响，我们很多托福考生的听力分数只有16分上下的时候，对于托福综合作文的听力妥妥的是束手无策，而且很多托福考生还感觉自己都听懂了，那也只能说明你听懂了大意，但是听力里面要的是每一个细节！请注意，是每一个细节！雷哥托福小托君给大家分享TPO1-30综合作文部分的阅读和听力文本全集与综合作文的满分作文，以及满分作文的解析。
如果自己的托福综合作文分数如果可以很给力的话，就已经搞定了15分的分数，可以极大地缓解托福独立作文的压力。
TPO22 综合写作听力+阅读原文ReadingEthanol fuel, made from plants such as corn and sugar cane, has been advocated by some people as an alternative to gasoline in the United States. However, many critics argue that ethanol is not a good replacement for gasoline for several reasons.First, the increased use of ethanol fuel would not help to solve one of the biggest environmental problems caused by gasoline use: global warming. Like gasoline, ethanol releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere when it is burned for fuel and carbon dioxide is greenhouse gas: it helps trap heat in the atmosphere. Thus, ethanol offers no environmental advantage over gasoline.Second, the production of significant amounts of ethanol would dramatically reduce the amount of plants available for uses other fuel. For example, much of the corn now grown in the United States is used to feed farm animals such as cows and chickens. It is estimated that if ethanol were used to satisfy just 10 percent of the fuel needs in theUnited States, more than 60 percent of the corn currently grown in the united stated would have to be used to produce ethanol. If most of the corn were used to produce ethanol, a substantial source of food for animals would disappear.Third, ethanol fuel will never be able to compete with gasoline on price. Although the prices of ethanol and gasoline for the consumer are currently about the same, this is only because of the help in the form of tax subsidies given to ethanol producers by the United States government. These tax subsidies have cost the United States government over $11 billion in the past 30 years. If the United States government were to stop helping producers in this way, the price of ethanol would increase greatly.ListeningEthanol actually is a good alternative to gasoline, although you just read three reasons why it’s not a good alternative, not one of these three reasons is convincing.First, the increased use of Ethanol fuel will not add to global warming. It’s true that, when Ethanol is burned, it releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, but as you read, Ethanol is often made from plants such as corn. Well, the process of growing the plants counteracts this release of carbon dioxide. Let me explain. Every growing plant absorbs carbon dioxide from the air as part of its nutrition. So growing plants for Ethanol production actually removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.Second, large scale production of Ethanol doesn’t have to reduce the sources of food for animals. That’s because we can produce Ethanol using cellulose, cellulose is the main component of plants’ cell walls, and you’ll find most cellulose in those parts of plants that are not eaten by animals. So, since we can produce Ethanol from the plant parts that aren’t eaten, the amount of animal feed that is available will not be reduced.Third, in the future, Ethanol will be able to compete with gasoline in terms of price.It’s true that government subsidies make Ethanol cheaper than it would normally be, but this sup port won’t always be needed. Once enough people start buying Ethanol, Ethanol producers will increase their production of Ethanol. Generally, increased production of products leads to a drop in its price. So the price of Ethanol will go down as more of it becomes available. Studies show that, if Ethanol production could be three times greater than it is now, the cost of producing a unit of Ethanol will drop by forty percent.Finally, while a four-day workweek offers employees more free time to invest in their personal lives, it also presents some risks that could end up reducing their quality of life. Working a shorter week can decrease employees' job stability and harm their chances for advancing their careers. Four-day employees are likely to be the first to lose their jobs during an economic downturn. They may also be passed over for promotions because companies might prefer to have five-day employees in management positions to ensure continuous coverage and consistent supervision for the entire workweek.由于篇幅有限，托福综合写作满分范文，在雷哥托福微信公众号获取。
托福TPO22阅读Passage1原文文本+题目+答案解析
¡¡¡¡ÎªÁË°ïÖú´ó¼Ò¸ßЧ±¸¿¼Íи££¬Îª´ó¼Ò´øÀ´Íи£TPO22ÔĶÁPassage1Ô-ÎÄÎı¾+ÌâÄ¿+´ð°¸½âÎö£¬Ï£Íû¶Ô´ó¼Ò±¸¿¼ÓÐËù°ïÖú¡£¡¡¡¡¨ Íи£TPO22ÔĶÁPassage1Ô-ÎÄÎı¾£º¡¡¡¡Spartina¡¡¡¡Spartina alterniflora,known as cordgrass,is a deciduous,perennial flowering plant native to the Atlantic coast and the Gulf Coast of the United States.It is the dominant native species of the lower salt marshes along these coasts,where it grows in the intertidal zone(the area covered by water some parts of the day and exposed others).¡¡¡¡These natural salt marshes are among the most productive habitats in the marine environment.Nutrient-rich water is brought to the wetlands during each high tide,making a high rate of food production possible.As the seaweed and marsh grass leaves die,bacteria break down the plant material,and insects,small shrimplike organisms,fiddler crabs,and marsh snails eat the decaying plant tissue,digest it,and excrete wastes high in nutrients.Numerous insects occupy the marsh,feeding on living or dead cordgrass tissue,and redwing blackbirds,sparrows,rodents,rabbits,and deer feed directly on the cordgrass.Each tidal cycle carries plant material into the offshore water to be used by the subtidal organisms.¡¡¡¡Spartina is an exceedingly competitive plant.It spreads primarily by underground stems;colonies form when pieces of the root system or whole plants float into an area and take root or when seeds float into a suitable area and germinate.Spartina establishes itself on substrates ranging from sand and silt to gravel and cobble and is tolerant of salinities ranging from that of near freshwater(0.05 percent)to that of salt water(3.5 percent).Because they lack oxygen,marsh sediments are high in sulfides that are toxic to most plants.Spartina has the ability to take up sulfides and convert them to sulfate,a form of sulfur that the plant can use;this ability makes it easier for the grass to colonize marsh environments.Another adaptive advantage is Spartina¡¯s ability to use carbon dioxide more efficiently than most other plants.¡¡¡¡These characteristics make Spartina a valuable component of the estuaries where it occurs naturally.The plant functions as a stabilizer and a sediment trap and as a nursery area for estuarine fish and shellfish.Once established,a stand of Spartina begins to trap sediment,changing the substrate elevation,and eventually the stand evolves into a high marsh system where Spartina is gradually displaced by higher-elevation,brackish-water species.As elevation increases,narrow,deep channels of water form throughout the marsh.Along the east coast Spartina is considered valuable for its ability to prevent erosion and marshland deterioration;it is also used for coastal restoration projects and the creation of new wetland sites.¡¡¡¡Spartina was transported to Washington State in packing materials for oysters transplanted from the east coast in 1894.Leaving its insect predators behind,the cordgrass has been spreading slowly and steadily along Washington¡¯s tidal estuaries on the west coast,crowding out the native plants and drastically altering the landscape by trapping sediment.Spartina modifies tidal mudflats,turning them into high marshes inhospitable to the many fish and waterfowl that depend on the mudflats.It is already hampering the oyster harvest and the Dungeness crab fishery,and it interferes with the recreational use of beaches and waterfronts.Spartina has been transplanted to England and to New Zealand for land reclamation and shoreline stabilization.In New Zealand the plant has spread rapidly,changing mudflats with marshy fringes to extensive salt meadows and reducing the number and kinds of birds and animals that use the marsh.¡¡¡¡Efforts to control Spartina outside its natural environment have included burning,flooding,shading plants with black canvas or plastic,smothering the plants with dredged materials or clay,applying herbicide,and mowing repeatedly.Little success has been reported in New Zealand and England;Washington State¡¯s management program has tried many of these methods and is presently using the herbicide glyphosphate to control its spread.Work has begun to determine the feasibility of using insects as biological controls,but effective biological controls are considered years away.Even with a massive effort,it is doubtful that complete eradication of Spartina from nonnative habitats is possible,for it has become an integral part of these shorelines and estuaries during the last 100 to 200 years.¡¡¡¡Paragraph 1:Spartina alterniflora,known as cordgrass,is a deciduous,perennial flowering plant native to the Atlantic coast and the Gulf Coast of the United States.It is the dominant native species of the lower salt marshes along these coasts,where it grows in the intertidal zone(the area covered by water some parts of the day and exposed others).¡¡¡¡¨ Íи£TPO22ÔĶÁPassage1ÌâÄ¿£º¡¡¡¡1.According to paragraph 1,each of the following is true of Spartina alrerniflora EXCEPT:¡¡¡¡O It rarely flowers in salt marshes.¡¡¡¡O It grows well in intertidal zones.¡¡¡¡O It is commonly referred to as cordgrass.¡¡¡¡O It occurs naturally along the Gulf Coast and the Atlantic coast of the United States.。
综合写作tpo22
Thereading passageand the listening materialbothdiscussthetopicwhether ethanol fuel is a good replacement for gasoline. The writer argues thatethanol fails to be the ideal alternative biofuel, while the professor thinks quite the opposite and refutes the three points one by one.First, the reading passage indicates that the ethanol fuel may not solve the global warming mainly caused by burning gasoline in that burning ethanol also generates carbon dioxide. However,thelistening passage contents that by using ethanol fuel instead of gasoline, the amount of carbon dioxide will decline because ethanol comes from corn which can remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere via photosynthesis.In a word, the professor does not go along with the author in this point.The second aspect provided by the author is that in making significant amount of ethanol, a large number of plants will be consumed. Therefore, animals will lose a substantial source of forage.This point is completelyrejected bythelecturerwhoclaimsthat ethanol can be produced from parts of plant which are not edible. According to the professor, it is quite possible for ethanol fuel manufacturers to choose maize without taking up food for animals.In this way, the second reason of the reading material is refuted by the lecture.Finally, the professor suggests thatwith the current supportive strategies, once the customers start purchasing ethanol, the ethanol producers will increase their supply. Shortly afterwards, according to theprinciples of market and economy, the ethanol product will become cheaper. To further illustrate his point, the professor cites a study which anticipates that if the amount of ethanol product goes up to two times bigger than current level, the average cost of this alternative fuel will decrease to merely 60% of the original price per unit of product. This contradicts the reading passage that the price of ethanol fuel will face a rapid boom once the government ceases the supportive help of tax subsidies.In conclusion, the speaker and the writer disagree with one another with regards to the effects exerted by the utilization of ethanol fuel.人们应该坚持自己有挑战性的梦想还是注重实现现实的梦想Some people tend to set challenging goals and pursue every one of themtoughly, while some others would like to fulfill dreams that emphasize the realism. In my perspective, challenging goals outweigh realistic ones for several benefits, which are measured by two criteria. One is the ultimate consequence of a man’s effort, and the other one is the benefits one gains in the fulfilling process.First of all, in the aspect of consequence, when setting a goal that is seemingly impossible to realize, they clearly know that their goals may render into oblivion unless they make great effort. People will normally be confronted with pressure or even anxiety, but those feelings will transform into great attention as well as hard work quickly. This leads to a person’s wholehearted devotion to a task, and the output will be satisfying. For example, I used to fear P.E. class because of my lacking of endurance while running. Then one autumn I made a pretty crazy idea that I took part in the marathon held in our city. As the final day was approaching, I began to feel quite anxious for fear of becoming exhausted merely having covered one tenth of the entire distance, 4.2km. With this fear, I decided to make a change. I started to jog 5km everyday, and the distance gradually increased to 15km at the 30th day of my preparation. Eventually, I succeeded in covering half the marathon, 21km, which refreshed my previous longest running distance, 10km, tremendously. It is the challenging goal that stimulated me to practice very hard thus brought myself a miracle. In short, with challenging dreams, one can gainmotivation from the internal, thus get close to or successfully reach the final destination.Secondly, setting a higher goal will lead a person obtain more especially in shaping characteristics. In the pursuit of a high goal, one sometimes has to endure long time before he get to the destination, suffer from unexpected frustrations, and loneliness that one has to count on himself without anyone else’s aids. I have a friend who set herself the goal of obtaining 120 points in Toefl Test. Not only did she succeed in having the full mark, she became extremely painstaking and persistent. According to her, what makes her pride most is she has conquered herself and build up such valuable characteristics. In short, making and fulfilling a challenging goal enables people gain characterisics.In conclusion, by setting a challenging goal, one can achieve not only a better result, but more decent characters as well.Agree or disagree? If children want to do well in school, parents should limit the hours of watching TV programs or movies.TV programs and movies usually exert great fascination on not only teenagers, but people in a vast range of age. However, should the time that kids spend on TV programs or movies be limited in order to acquire good school performances? As far as I am concerned, due to the benefits such as knowledge of assorted fields and positive influences on shaping characteristicsbrought by watching TV programs or movies, the timeought not to be limited.First of all, watching TV programs or movies can provide a kid with an enormous amount of knowledge besides lectures given by teachers and the textbook, which help broaden the student’s horizon. Current TV programs tend to include more and more pieces of knowledge involving certain scientific realms such as astronomy, geography, psychology. Also, there are programs teaching the audience to cook mouth –watering dishes, as well as other useful tips for practical life. Like me, watch travelling programs is an exhilarating experience, because I can tour around the world especially some mysterious places without even leaving from the cozy coach in the living room. In sum, by watching the large variety of programs or movies, students will be better equipped with knowledge which improve their performances in school works, for instance, paper and essays, and accelerate their understanding towards lectures especially on scientific field.Secondly, watching TV programs or movies is beneficial to the student’s psychological development in that it enables students to make more friends. For example, I once have a roommate named Helen who used to spend almost most of spare time on studying school courses. Gradually, she became more and more isolated in that never had she share any interesting topics with us. Sensing her isolation, I suggest her to watch some TV programs or movies so that she would have mutual topics withother students while chatting. She accepted the piece of advice and immediately threw herself in action. Shortly afterwards, she succeeded in making friends and became popular among students again. Meanwhile, the pleasure that friends brought her strengthened her school performance to a great extent. Obviously, it is watching TV programs that brought Helen a large circle of friends, driving her upset of being lonely, and eventually improved her school works. In short, students will build better characteristic through watching TV programs and movies. Admittedly, situation might happen where kids may be confronted with the addiction to such entertainment. To avoid this, parents must assume the responsibility being a qualified supervisor.To put all into a nutshell, parents should not limit the time students spend on watching TV programs or movies.。
托福TPO独立写作22范文+题目
在托福写作练习过程中，相信TPO材料中的作文题目都会是大家的首选练习材料。
小编给考生们带来了托福TPO22独立写作，希望可以帮助广大托福考生轻松备考托福。
托福TPO22独立写作题目：Question:Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?Teachers should not make their social or political views known to studentsin the classroom.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.托福TPO22独立写作范文：It is indisputable that teachers play a pivotal role in teaching andguidance students in classes. They provide students a lot of precious knowledgewhich is very necessary for them in the future. However, should teacher showtheir social or political viewpoints to students? Each person has their ownopinion toward this question. Some people approve it but others have theopposite one. In my opinion, I strongly agree with the latter that teachersshould not make their social or political point of views in classes because itcan reduce studying efficacy and influence viewpoints of students.First and foremost, those teachers express their social or politicalopinions on the classes could reduce students’ studying efficiencies. In theclasses, it is better for both teachers and students to focus on lectures andrelated problems. Teachers should discuss with students aboutthe lectures, share their researching or working experiences instead oftalking about their political viewpoints. It definitely will increase thestudying efficacy in the classes. Moreover, it also provides students a lot ofreal and valuable experiences. They could use these if they face difficulties when they work in the real environment. Indeed, when teachers show their point of views on the classes, it should be considered to waste time of students Last but not least, when teachers make their social or political viewpoints known to students, they may influence students’ viewpoints. As a matter of fact, students usually do not have definite social or political standpoints. They are quite naive because they pay all their attention on studying and academic issues. Therefore, when teachers like showing their viewpoints, they may discuss or talk continuously about that issues. This really has an influence on the opinions of students, especially when their teachers’ opinions are biased. Additionally, this also prevents the free development of students. For instance, when my teacher usually express his disapproval about government, he makes us have the same opinions with him. Hence, most students of our class consider the policies or agreements of government are wrong or unsuitable without having any understanding about it. Obviously, the viewpoints of teachers have the potential to change the viewpoints of studentsAll in all, because when teachers manifest their social or politicalviewpoint on classes, it influences the studying effectiveness and students’positions, I personally consider this is not a necessary work. I strongly recommend teachers concentrate on teaching and discussing academic-related issues on classes.。
新托福TPO综合写作详细解析：氢燃料(英汉对照)
新托福TPO综合写作详细解析：氢燃料（英汉对照）阅读材料：Car manufacturers and governments have been eagerly seeking a replacement for the automobiles main source of power, the internal-combustion engine. By far, the most promising alternative source of energy for cars is the hydrogen-based fuel-cell engine, which uses hydrogen to create electricity that, in turn, powers the car. Fuel-cell engines have several advantages over internal-combustion engines and will probably soon replace them.One of the main problems with the internal-combustion engine is that it relies on petroleum, either in the form of gasoline or diesel fuel. Petroleum is a finite resource, someday; we will run out of oil. The hydrogen needed for fuel-cell engines cannot easily be depleted. Hydrogen can be derived from various plentiful sources, including natural gas and even water. The fact that fuel-cell engines utilize easily available, renewable resources makes them particularly attractive.Second, hydrogen-based fuel cells are attractive because they willsolve many of the worlds pollution problems. An unavoidable by-product of burning oil is carbon dioxide, and carbon dioxide harms the environment. On the other hand, the only byproduct of fuel-cell engines is water.Third, fuel-cell engines will soon be economically competitive because people will spend less money to operate a fuel-cell engine than they will to operate an internal-combustion engine. This is true for one simple reason. A fuel-cell automobile is nearly twice as efficient in using its fuel as an automobile powered by an internal-combustion engine is. In other words, the fuel-cell powered car reqquires only half the fuel energy that the internal-combustion powered car does to go the same distance.汽车制造商和政府都在积极地寻找内燃机的代替品，而目前内燃机是汽车主要的动力源。
【托福写作范文】托福综合写作优秀作文练习题-环保材料乙醇
【托福写作范文】托福综合写作优秀作文练习题-环保材料乙醇在托福备考的过程中,综合写作往往对于很多学生来说都会是一大难点,因为其中汇集了听、写、读等各个方面的内容要素,想要让其达到高分并不是件很难的事情。
那么,在以下的内容中,我们就为大家带来一些关于托福综合写作的练习材料,希望能为大家的托福备考带来帮助。
托福综合写作阅读材料:Ethanol fuel, made from plants such as cornand sugar cane, has been advocated by some people as an alternative to gasolinein the United States. However, many critics argue that ethanol is not a goodreplacement for gasoline for several reasons.乙醇燃料是从玉米或者甘蔗之类的植物中提取的。
在美国,一些人提倡使用乙醇燃料来代替汽油。
然而,很多评论家认为一些原因使得乙醇燃料不是良好的汽油替代品。
First, the increased use of ethanol fuelwould not help to solve one of the biggest environmental problems caused bygasoline use: global warming. Like gasoline, ethanol releases carbon dioxide intothe atmosphere when it is burned for fuel, and carbon dioxide is a greenhousegas: it helps trap heat in the atmosphere. Thus, ethanoloffers noenvironmental advantage over gasoline.首先,使用汽油带来的最大的问题之一是全球变暖,而对于乙醇燃料使用的增加并不能解决这个问题。
TPO22-综合写作
The professor in the lecture demonstrates opinions contradicted to the ones showed in the reading parts about the issue whether the ethanol fuel is a good replacement for gasoline or not.First, the use of ethanol of would not result in adding to the global warming as the reading. Despite the truth that the burning of ethanol releases carbon dioxide, the ethanol is made of plants and the growing of plants will absorb carbon dioxide as nutrients and remove it from atmosphere. Therefore, the potential bad effect will be counteracted.Second, the production of tremendous ethanol would not reduce the food for animals. We just need to use the part of plants, cellu l ose（纤维素）, which animals don't eat, to produce the ethanol. Therefore, the statement presented in the reading part that the use of ethanol would have a negative influence on the food available for animals is not convincing.Third, ethanlo will have the ability to compete with gasoline in future. The dependence on national tax subsidies is not a long-lasting thing. With the increasing use of ethanol, the price will be lowered. THE study shows that the use of ethanol will increase by 3 times and the price will drop by 40%, which proves the inaccuracy of the view talked in the reading.。