(完整版)高中英语“倒装句”的12种用法

高中英语“倒装句”的12种用法

倒装句：英语最基本的语序是主语在前，谓语动词在后。但有时由于句子结构的需要或表示强调，就要采用倒装形式。

将谓语动词完全移到主语之前称为完全倒装，只将助动词或情态动词放到主语之前称为部分倒装。强调性倒装和以so、neither、nor开头的句子是高考例题的热点。

（一）倒装句的意义

1、适应一定的语法结构的需要，主要是指疑问句句型结构的需要。

Was the People's Liberation Army founded in 1927?

中国解放军是在1927年组建的么？

2、为了强调某一部分，而把这部分放到句首，构成倒装。

Never have I been late for school this term.

这学期我上学从未迟到。

（二）倒装的使用情况

1、“there be”结构

在这一结构里，there是引导词，主语在be后。

There is a box on the table.

桌子上有个盒子。

2、疑问句

疑问句为倒装形式。

Is she singing in the classroom?

她是不是正在教室里唱歌？

3、here、there等副词开头的句子（部分）

在here、there等副词开头的某些句子中（要用一般现在时态）（前两个例句）；如果主语是人称代词，主语和主要动词的词序不变。（完全倒装）（最后一个例句）

There goes the bell.

铃响了。

Here is an apple for you.

这个苹果给你。

There she comes.

她来了。

4、重复倒装句型

在以so、nor、neither开头，表示谓语所述的情况也适用于另一个人或一事物的肯定或否定句中。so用于肯定句，表示“也一样”、“也这样”；nor、neither用于否定句，表示“同样也不，也不这样”。

I am watching TV. So is she.

我在看电视，她也是。

My parents didn't watch TV last night. Neither (Nor) did I.

我父母昨晚没有看电视，我也没看。

5、直接引语的全部或一部分放在句首时，主句中的主谓也常直接倒装（完全倒装）

"Very well," said the French student.

“很好”，那个法国学生说道。

"Bring me two eggs and a cup of tea, please."said he.

“请给我2个鸡蛋喝一杯茶”，他说。

6、否定副词开头的句子（部分倒装）

在以never、little、hardly、not only、few、not、seldom等否定副词开头的句子中，采用部分倒装；如果不放在句首就不要倒装。

Little did he say at the meeting.

在会上他没说话。

Never shall I forget the day when I joined the Army.我不会忘记我参军的那天。

比较：I shall never forget the day when I joined the Army.

7、以only所修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从句的句子

Only when the war was over in 1918 was he able to get happily back to work.

只有1918年战争结束，他才能开心地重归工作。

8、地点、方位副词在句首（完全倒装）

为了表达生动，有时把表地点、方位的副词，如up、down、out、away、in等放在句首，同时把谓语动词放在主语之前。若主语为人称代词，主语和谓语动词的位置不变，只将副词放在句首。（完全倒装）

Away hurried the boy.

男孩匆忙走开了。

9、虚拟结构中

在虚拟结构中，条件从句的谓语含有were、had和should这三个词是，可省去if，将这些词移至主语之前。

Had I time (= If I had time), I would go and help you.

如果我有时间，我会去帮助你的。

10、as引导的让步状语从句

as引导让步状语从句时要倒装（形容词/副词/名词/动词+ as +主语+谓语）。

Proud as they are, they are afraid to see me.

他们很傲慢，但是也害怕看到我。

11、祝愿的句子

用于某些表示祝愿的句子里。

May you succeed!

祝你成功！

12、So +形容词、副词及such置于句首时

So happy did he feel.

他感觉非常开心。

经典例题

1.____for the free tickets,I would not have gone to the films so often.

A.If it is not

B.Were it not

C.Had it not been

D.If they were not

2.____for my illness I would have lent him a helping hand.

A.Not being

B.Had it not been

C.Without being

D.Not having been

3.Money,___,has been the least of our worries.

A.important though it is

B.so important it is

C.important if it is

D.it is important though

解析：

1、这一句虚拟条件句倒装。首先是因为主句I would not have gone 表示对过去的虚拟，所以if引导的从句需要用过去完成时表示虚拟，倒装的话就是：（Had it not been=if it had not been ）If it had not been the free tickets,I would not have gone to the films so often.

如果不是免费的票子，我们本不会如此勤快地看电影。

2、原理和上一题相同，如果不是我病了，我是不会让他像我伸出援手的。

3、这句将形容词important提前，正常语序是：Though it is important,money has been the least of our worries.尽管钱很重要，但是他从都是我们最不担心的问题。

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全部倒装 1.here,there,out ,in，up，down，now，then，away，over，off等副词位于句首时，后面句子用全部倒装。(1)There goes the bell. (2)Here comes the bus. (3)Now comes my turn. (4)Then followed three day of rain. 注意：主语是代词时，不用此倒装结构 (5)Out rushed the children.=The children rushed out.(Out they rushed主语为代词时句子不倒装). (6)In came the teacher and the lesson began.=The teacher came in and the lesson began. In he came and the lesson began.主语为代词时句子不倒装 2.表语和地点状语位于句首表示强调意义时，后面用全部倒装，当表示时间的副词或介词词组位于句首时，常常引起全部倒装，注意：主谓一致。 (1)In the distance was a small boat=A small boat was in the distance. (2)Under a big tree sat an old man smoking a pipe.= An old man smoking a pipe sat under a big tree. (3)They arrived at a farm house ,in front of which sat a small boy. (4)On either side were rows of fruit trees. (5)Early in the morning came the news . 3.在一些表示祝愿的句子中 Long live China. 部分倒装 1.only修饰句子的状语位于句首时，后面引起部分倒装。 (1)I realized that I was wrong.=Only then did I realize that I was wrong. (2)You can solve the problem in this way.=Only in this way can you solve the problem. (3)He could go on studying when the war was over.= Only when the war was over（状语从句不倒装)could he go on studying. 注意：only修饰句子的主语或宾语时，句子不倒装 (1)Only he can work out such a difficult problem. (2)Only him we could find in the room just now. 2.含有否定意义的副词或连词位于句首时，后面用部分倒装。 (1)seldom, not ,never，little，few，nowhere，rarely，in no way，in no case ，by no means, at no time，under no circumstances，on no condition注意：in no time为“立刻，马上”的意思 (2)Hardly(Scarcely)… when No sooner… than( No sooner后用过去完成时并倒装：No sooner had sb done ,than sb did.) (3)Not only…but also（只在not only句中引起倒装，不在but also句中倒装）

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英语倒装句的用法讲解倒装是一种语法手段，用于表示一定的句子结构或强调某一句子成分。倒装句有两种：完全倒装和部分倒装。完全倒装 1) 完全倒装即把整个谓语放到主语之前(是整个谓语动词，而非助动词)。例如：The teacher came in and the class began.(没有倒装) In came the teacher and the class began. (老师走了进来，然后开始上课。) 2) there引出的完全倒装句：除了最常见的there be句型以外，there还可以接appear, exist, lie, remain, seem to be, stand等，一般都译成"有"的含义，构成完全倒装句。例如：There appeared to be a man in black in the distance.(远处有个穿黑色衣服的人。) 3) 由地点和时间副词引出的完全倒装句：以地点副词here, there和时间副词now, then 开头，后面的动词是be, come, exist, fall, follow, go, lie, remain, seem, stand等，而主语又是名词时，构成完全倒装句。Up climbed the boy when his mother came. 4)表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首，谓语表示运动的动词且主语是名词时使用完全倒装 5)在强调状语时1)当句首状语为方位词或拟声词，谓语动词为go, come等表示位置转移的动词时句子须倒装。例如： 1 Up went the plane. 2 In came the chairman and the meeting began. 注：如果主语是代词则不发生倒装。例如： 1 Out they rushed! 2 Lower and lower he bent. (2) 当句首状语为表示地点的介词词组时，句子须倒装。例如： 1 Round the corner walked a large policeman. 2Under the table was lying a half-conscious young man. 3 当句首状语由“only +副词”，“only +介词词组”，“only +状语从句”构成时，句子须倒装。例如： 1 Only yesterday did he find out that his watch was missing. (不属于完全倒装) 2 Only because there were some cancelled bookings did he get some tickets in the end. (6)当句首状语为here, there, now, then等时，句子须倒装，主语是代词时，句子不用倒装。例如： 1)Here is a ticket for you. 2)Now comes your turn. 3)Here he comes. (7)以关联词so (…that)开头的句子中，句子须倒装。例如： 1)So small was the mark that I could hardly see it. 2)So quickly did the workmen finish their work that they were given a bonus. 3)So much does he worry about his financial position that he can’t sleep at night. 注：在该结构中，“so +形容词”是表语的前置;“so +副词”是状语的前置。

高中英语倒装句讲解

高中英语倒装句讲解倒装句分为全部倒装和部分倒装。 I、倒装句之全部倒装全部倒装是只将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时。常见的结构有： 1）表示方式或方位的副词或介词短语放在句首，如：here, there, now, then, up, down, in, away, off, in the room, on the wall等例如：Then came the chairman. 那时总裁来了。Here is your letter. 你的信。 South of the river lies a small factory. Out rushed the children. Ahead sat an old woman. 2）such置于句首时，此时such多被认为是表语。例如： Such are the facts; no one can deny them. 注意：上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。例如： Ⅱ、倒装句之部分倒装部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句子的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do, does或did，并将其置于主语之前。一、only修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句，且放在句首时。例如： Only in this way can you learn English well. 只有这样，你才能学好英语。 Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting. 叫了三次，他才来参加会议。如果句子为主从复合句，则主句倒装，从句不倒装。例如： Only when he is seriously ill does he ever stay in bed. 病得狠重时，他才卧床休息。等。例如：二、句首为否定或半否定的词语，如no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, at no time, in no way, not until…　 Never have I seen such a performance. 从未见过如此糟糕的表演。 Nowhere will you find the answer to this question. 无论如何你不会找到这个问题的答案的。 Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room. 母亲一直到孩子入睡后离开房间。当Not until引出主从复合句，主句倒装，从句不倒装。注意：如否定词不在句首不倒装。例如： I have never seen such a performance. The mother didn\'t leave the room until the child fell asleep. 典型例题 1）---Why can’t I smoke here? ---At no time___ in the meeting-room A. is smoking permitted B.smoking is permitted C. smoking is it permitted D.does smoking permit 答案A. 这是一个倒装问题。当否定词语置于句首以表示强调时，其句中的主谓须用倒装结构。这些否定词包括no, little, hardly, seldom, never, not only, not until等。本题的正常语序是Smoking is permitted in the meeting-room at no time. 2）Not until the early years of the 19th century ___ what heat is. A. man did know B. man know C. didn\'t man know D. did man know 答案 D.看到Not until…的句型，我们知道为一倒装句，答案在C，D 中选一个。改写为正常语序为，Man did not know what heat is until the early years of the 19th. 现在将not提前，后面就不能再用否定了,否则意思就变了。三、以否定词开头作部分倒装等，要倒装。例如：如Not only…but also, Hardly/Scarcely…when, No sooner… than Not only did he refuse the gift, he also severely criticized the sender. 他没有收下礼物，还狠狠批评了送礼的人。 Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her. 她刚出门，就有个学生来访。 No sooner had she gone out than a student came to visit her. 她刚出门，就有个学生来访。典型例题 No sooner___ than it began to rain heavily.

高中英语倒装句讲解及习题

高考倒装句专项练习 Part One 单项选择 1._______ and caught the mouse. A. Up the cat jumped B. The cat up jumped C. Up jumped the cat D. Jumped up the cat 2.______ and the lesson began. A. In came Mr Brown B. Mr Brown in came C. In came he D. came in Mr Brown 3. Over _______ , dead. A. rolling the goat B. rolled the goat C. did the goat roll D. the goat rolled 4.— Where is my shirt, mum? —_________. A. There is it B. There it is C. There is D. Here is it 5. — Where is your father? —Oh, ________. A. here he comes B. he here comes C. here does he come D. here comes he 6.The door opened and there ________ . A. enters an old man B. entered an old man C. did an old man enter D. an old man entered 7. Now ______ your turn to recite the text. A. will come B. comes C. has come D. there is 8. Often _____ them not to smoke here. A. we advised B. advised me C. did we advise D. had we advised 9. ________ playing soldiers. A. Inside the room were two boys B. Inside the room two boys C. Were two boys inside the room D. Inside the room was two boys 10. On the wall _______ two large portraits. A. are hanging B .Hanged C. hang D. hangs 11. _______ who was wounded in the stomach. A. Among them were a soldier B. Among them was a soldier C. Among them a soldier was D. Among they was a soldier 12. Next door to ours ________ , who is no less than eighty. A. that lives an old man B. does an old man live C. lives an old man D. where lives an old man 13.She plays the piano very well, ______. A. so every one of us does B. every one of us does C. so does every one of us D. so do every one of us 14.You say he works hard, ______, and _____. A. so he does; so you do B. so he does; so do you C. so does he; so do you D. so does he; so you do 15. —I thought you women were present at the meeting. —__________. A. So we were B. So we did C. So were we D. So did we 16.I don’t think Jack will come today, _____. A. nor will Mary B. and Mary doesn’t C. Mary will either D. or Mary does 17. She is fond of cooking, _____I . A. so am B. nor am C. neither do D. nor do 18.Marx was born in Germany and German was his native language. A. So it was with Engles B. So was it with Engles C. So was Engles D. So did Engles 19.A fish needs water and without water it will die._______. A. So does a man B. So will a man C. So it is with a man D. So is it with a man 20. So absorbed _______ the work that she often forgot to _____ her meals. A. had she been in; do B. she was in; make C. was she in; take D. she had been in ; have 21.So loudly ______ that every one of the class could hear him. A. did he speak B. did he spoke C. spoke he D. he spoke