国际结算(双语)第七章:银行保函 chapter7 Guarantee
国际结算 CH6 L G课件

4. 付款保函(PaymentGuarantee)
担保银行应买方的申请而向卖方出具的,保证买方履行因购买 商品、技术、专利或劳务合同项下的付款义务而出具的书面文件。
适用范围 一切存在付款行为的商品贸易、技术劳务贸易、工程项目等 商品贸易中,作为买方在卖方按照合同约定发货后及时支付货 款的付款保证。 工程项目中,作为工程承包项下业主向承包方按期足额支付工 程进度款的付款保证。 特点: 在商品贸易中,与信用证作用相似,但办理手续简便; 格式灵活多样,适应不同需求(信用证遵循固定的格式、惯例, 而付款保函格式则因项目而异,可为客户度身定做); 适用范围广(付款保函不仅可以用于商品贸易,还可以用于工 程项目等,范围相对信用证来说更为广泛)。
Chapter seven L/G
Letter of guarantee
Introduction to L/G Contents Basic parties to a bank guarantee Procedures Types of guarantees
Introduction to a L/G
Comparison with a L/C
Both based on bank credit
Differences:
适用范围不同; 银行责任不同; 对结算单据的要求不同; 银行承担的风险大小不同; 保函不可转让; 到期地点和有效期不同
3. 预付款保函(AdvancePayment Guarantee)
担保银行应工程承包方或商品供货方的申请向业主或买方出具 的、保证承包方或供货方在业主或买方支付预付款后履行合同义务 的书面文件。
适用范围: 所有支付方式中包含预付款的项目,常见用于工程承包、物资 采购等项目。 业主或买方为避免承包方或供货方拿到预付款后不履行合同义 务而损失预付款,要求承包方或供货方银行对承包方或供货方偿还 预付款做出担保。 利益: 对业主或买方:保障了预付款顺利收回;加强了对承包人或供货 方按规定履行合同的制约。 对承包人或供货方:便利了预付款资金的及时到位;有利于加快 工程建设或备货等环节的资金周转。 保函金额为预付款金额,有效期至合同执行完毕或预付款项扣 完为止。
国际结算的PPT课件第七章Bank guarantees

Standby Letter of Credit
Unlike a commercial letter of credit, which is basically a payment mechanism, a standby letter of credit is a form of a bank guarantee. It may be used as necessary to cover nonpayment of a financial obligation. A standby letter of credit normally is intended to be drawn on only in the event of nonpayment. The standby letter of credit is issued by the bank and held by the seller, who in turn provides the customer open account terms. If payment is made according to the seller's terms,
Step 4:The beneficiary claims for payment from the guarantor. Theoretically,only when the beneficiary satisfies the requirements of the L/G can it claim payment from the guarantor.
Standby Letter of Credit
the letter of credit is never drawn on. However, if the customer is unable to pay, the seller presents a draft, and all other documents as required, to the bank for payment. The standby letter of credit typically expires within 12 months.
第七部分国际结算方式—银行保函课件

国际保函争议解决机制
争议解决方式
国际保函业务涉及多方当事人,因此难免会产生争议。常见的争 议解决方式包括协商、仲裁和诉讼等。
仲裁的优势
仲裁作为一种替代性争议解决方式,具有保密性、快捷性和灵活性 等优势,适用于国际保函争议解决。
国际仲裁机构
国际商会仲裁院是国际保函争议解决的重要机构之一,提供专业的 仲裁服务,促进争议的公平、高效解决。
03
银行保函的风险管理
风险识别
客户信用风险
对客户的信用状况进行全 面了解,包括历史表现、 经营状况和财务状况等, 以评估客户履约能力。
保函条款风险
审查保函条款的严密性和 合理性,确保条款明确、 具体,避免产生歧义或漏 洞。
反担保风险
对反担保措施的有效性和 可靠性进行评估,确保反 担保措施能够覆盖保函的 风险敞口。
创新业务模式与产品
创新是银行保函业务发展的重要驱动力。随着市场的变化 和客户需求的升级,银行需要不断推出创新业务模式和产 品,以满足客户多样化的需求和提高市场竞争力。
创新业务模式与产品可以包括个性化定制服务、组合担保 服务、在线保函平台等,这些创新模式和产品有助于提高 银行保函业务的附加值和盈利能力,推动银行保函业务的 可持续发展。
诈行为。
各国相关法规与监管要求
各国法规差异
由于各国法律体系和监管环境存 在差异,因此各国对于银行保函 的法律规定和监管要求也有所不
同。
法规重要性
了解和遵守各国相关法规与监管要 求是开展国际保函业务的重要前提 ,也是保障业务合法性和安全性的 必要条件。
监管合作
在国际保函业务中,加强各国监管 机构之间的合作与沟通,有利于促 进业务规范发展,降低风险和不确 定性。
Bank Guarantee银行保函

(Bank guarantee)银行保函概述国际贸易中,跟单信用证为买方向卖方提供了银行信用作为付款保证,但不适用于需要为卖方向买方作担保的场合,也不适用于国际经济合作中货物买卖以外的其他各种交易方式。
然而在国际经济交易中,合同当事人为了维护自己的经济利益,往往需要对可能发生的风险采取相应的保障措施,银行保函和备用信用证,就是以银行信用的形式所提供的保障措施。
保函,又称保证书,是指银行、保险公司、担保公司或担保人应申请人的请求,向受益人开立的一种书面信用担保凭证,保证在申请人未能按双方协议履行其责任或义务时,由担保人代其履行一定金额、一定时限范围内的某种支付或经济赔偿责任。
银行保函是由银行开立的承担付款责任的一种担保凭证,银行根据保函的规定承担绝对付款责任。
银行保函大多属于“见索即付”(无条件保函),是不可撤销的文件。
银行保函的当事人有委托人(要求银行开立保证书的一方)、受益人(收到保证书并凭以向银行索偿的一方)、担保人(保函的开立人)。
其主要内容根据国际商会第458号出版物《UGD458》规定:(1)有关当事人(名称与地址)。
(2)开立保函的依据。
(3)担保金额和金额递减条款。
(4)要求付款的条件。
国际商会于1992年出版了《见索即付保函统一规则》,其中规定,索偿时,受益人只需提示书面请求和保函中所规定的单据,担保人付款的唯一依据是单据,而不能是某一事实。
担保人与保函所可能依据的合约无关,也不受其约束。
以上规定表明,担保人所承担的责任是第一性的、直接的付款责任。
把保函与跟单信用证相比,当事人的权利和义务基本相同,所不同的是跟单信用证要求受益人提交的单据是包括运输单据在内的商业单据,而保函要求的单据实际上是受益人出具的关于委托人违约的声明或证明。
这一区别,使两者适用范围有了很大的不同,保函可适用于各种经济交易中,为契约的一方向另一方提供担保。
另外,如果委托人没有违约,保函的担保人就不必为承担赔偿责任而付款。
最新国际结算(英文版)清华大学出版社-答案(1)

KEY OF INTERNATIONAL SETTLEMENTChapter 12.Put the following sentences into English(1)国际结算涉及有形贸易和无形贸易,外国投资,从其他国家借贷资金,等等。
The international settlement involves tangible trades, intangible trades, foreign investments, funds borrowed from or lent to other countries and so on.(2)许多银行注重发展国际结算和贸易融资的业务。
Many banks have focused on their business of international settlement and trade finance. (3)大多数国际间的支付来自于世界贸易。
Most of the international payments originate from transactions in the world trade.(4)一般来说,国际结算的方式分为三类:汇款、托收和信用证。
Usually the international settlement is divided into three broad categories: remittance, collection and letter of credit.3. True or False1)International payments and settlements are financial activities conducted in the domesticcountry. (F)2)Fund transfers are processed and settled through certain clearing systems.(T)3)Using the SWIFT network, banks can communicate with both customers and colleagues in astructured, secure, and timely manner.(T)4)SWIFT can achieve same day transfer.(T)4.Multiple Choice1)SWIFT is __B__A.in the united statesB. a kind of communications belonging to TT system for interbank’s fund transferC.an institution of the United NationsD. a governmental organization2)SWIFT is an organization based in __A___A.BrusselsB.New YorkC.LondonD.Hong Kong3) A facility in fund arrangement for buyers or sellers is referred to __A___A.trade financeB.sale contractC.letter of creditD.bill of exchange4)Fund transfers are processed and settled through __C___A.banksB.SWIFTC.clearing systemD.telecommunication systems5)__C__is the reason why international trade first began.A.Uneven distribution of resourcesB.Patterns of demandC.Economic benefitsparative advantages5. Answer the following questions1)Where are the medium of exchange originated from?Tracing back the history of international settlement, the medium of exchange originated from coins to notes.2)What will inevitably lead to under the international political, economic and culturalexchanges?The international political, economic and cultural exchange inevitably leads to credits and debts owed by one country to another.3)Why do banks focus on the development of the businesses of international settlement?Banks focus more and more on the development of the businesses because it is a major resource of profits.4)What will banks do to meet the higher and higher demand of the international market?Banks need to develop innovative products and deliver the best services possible in whatever way they can.Chapter 2(1)用于国际结算的货币是可兑换的货币。
第七部分国际结算方式—银行保函课件

银行保函通常在国际贸易、工 程承包、投资等领域使用,作 为合同履行的担保措施。
银行保函的作用
01
02
03
提供担保
银行保函为交易双方提供 担保,保证被担保人按照 合同履行义务,防止对方 违约或欺诈行为。
降低风险
使用银行保函可以降低交 易风险,保障当事人的合 法权益,提高交易的安全 性。
促进交易
银行保函的出具和执行过 程规范、透明,有助于建 立互信关系,促进交易的 顺利进行。
建立风险预警机制,对各类风险进行 实时监测和预警,及时采取应对措施。
04 银行保函的国际 惯例与法规
国际商会《见索即付保函统一规则》
概述
该规则由国际商会制定,是关于 见索即付保函的国际惯例,为银 行保函业务提供了统一的规范和
标准。
主要内容
规定了见索即付保函的基本要素、 格式、内容、有效性等方面的要 求,以确保保函的可靠性和一致 性。
适用范围
适用于国际间的银行保函业务, 有助于促进国际经济贸易的顺利
进行。
联合国《独立担保和备用信用证公约》
概述
该公约由联合国制定,旨在规范独立担保和备用信用证的使用和 解义、法律地位、有效性、执行等 方面的规定,以保障当事人的权益和交易的公平性。
适用范围
适用于国际间的独立担保和备用信用证业务,有助于促进国际经济 贸易的规范化和法制化。
总结词
除了贸易和工程项目领域,银行保函还 广泛应用于其他领域,如融资、租赁等。
VS
详细描述
在融资领域,银行保函可以作为担保,为 企业提供融资支持。例如,企业可以向银 行申请开具银行保函,以保证其按时还款。 在租赁领域,银行保函可以作为担保,确 保承租人按期支付租金。此外,在投资领 域、保险领域等,银行保函也发挥着重要 的作用。
国际结算双语教程 第七章

• 7.1.2 Common statements and examples of standby letter of credit
• (1) Repayment standby.This one supports an obligation of the applicant to make repayment to the beneficiary as the latter has lent money to him.
• b Beneficiary written statement certifying that (name of applicant) has failed to carry out the terms and conditions of contract No., and a written statement by Mr.certifying that the terms and conditions of the above mentioned contract has not been met
• b Beneficiary statement certifying that the amount drawn hereunder represents and covers the unpaid indebtedness due to your bank on or before (date) by(name of borrower).
CHAPTER 7 GUARANTEES AND STANDBY
LETTER OF CREDIT
7.1 Standby letter of credit 7.2 Banker’s letter of
guarantees
《银行保函》PPT课件

精选ppt
8
(一)投标保证书(Tender Guarantee)
投标保证书是指银行、保险公司或其他当事人 (保证人)向受益人(招标人)承诺,或由按照 担保申请人所授权的银行的指示向受益人(招标 人)承诺,当申请人(投标人)不履行其投标所 产生的义务时,保证人应在规定的金额限度内向 受益人付款。
精选ppt
精选ppt
10
(三)还款保证书(Repayment Guarantee)
还款保证书是指银行、保险公司或其他当事人应 合同一方当事人的申请,向合同另一方当事人开 立的保证书。保证书规定,如申请人不履行他与 受益人订立的合同的义务,不将受益人预付、支 付的款项退还或还款给受益人,银行则向受益人 退还或支付款项。
精选ppt
5
2、间接担保 有些国家的法律规定本国企业在国际经济交易中
只能接受当地银行开立的保函,或者有的企业只 愿意接受当地银行的保函。 间接担保比直接担保多了一个当事人,即指示方。 在间接担保的情形下,按《见索即付保函统一规 则》的定义,担保人是“应某一银行。。。(指 示方)因执行另一委托人的指示而作出要求或指 示并由各该指示方承担责任而开立”该保函的。
精选ppt
13
四、银行保函业务的风险及防范
作为适用《URDG758》等规则的国际见索即付银 行保函,一旦发生纠纷,仅需要受益人发出索赔 函并附有违约方面的说明,必须在5个工作日内决 定是否交单相符,如提交相符则应立即支付,无 条件、无抗辩、无拖延。如果拒绝支付提交相符 的见索即付银行保函,该银行将面临在国际上被 降级的风险,对于一家国际银行而言,信誉等级 等同于其生命线。
精选ppt
14
(一)银行保函业务中的风险
1、来自保函受益人的风险 2、来自保函申请人的风险 3、来自反担保人的风险 4、来自保函条款本身的风险
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。
Can be the primary ,and also can the issuing bank will take the be the secondary primary liability to effect payment. Under URDG758, the governing law and jurisdiction for letter of guarantee business are clearly indicated. UCP600 does not stipulate the governing laws or jurisdiction when disputes under letter of credit happens.
2. Differences
Bank Guarantee Documentary Letter of Credit
The undertaking of the issuing bank
The documents required for payment The liability for payment The law and custom
1. Commons • Both the Bank guarantee and documentary credit are settlement method used in international trade; • They are both issued at the request of the applicant, in favor of the beneficiary, promising the payment obligation when complying documents are presented. • The banks will only deal with documents, while not being responsible for the authenticity and effectiveness of the documents, banking credit replaces the commercial credit, which in a great degree facilitate the development of international transactions.
1 Characteristics of Letter of Guarantee 1)Assurable
The issuing bank will assure to the beneficiary that applicant will fulfill the responsibility and obligation of the contract with its own reputation, only when the applicant breach of the contract can the beneficiary claim reimbursement on issuing bank. When the contract has been fulfilled, the guarantee will be a standby documents and will ceased to be valid at maturity date automatically.
L/C is to effect payment when beneficiary has fulfilled the basic commercial contract and complied documents are presented.
commercial documents specially including transport documents
2)Independent
Letter of guarantee is issued on the ground of the basis transaction contract between the applicant and the beneficiary. Once it is issued, it will not be bound to the basic contract and constitute a independent documents, bears the independent legal effect.
1 Direct L/G
Beneficiary
(1) The beneficiary and applicant signs the underlying contract, beneficiary requires t applicant to open an L/G
Applicant
Guarantor
Definition:Letter of guarantee( L/G) is a written undertaking made by the guarantor at the request of the applicant to the beneficiary, guaranteeing that the applicant will perform obligations under the contract signed between the applicant and the beneficiary.
Chapter 7 Letter of Guarantee
7.1 Definition of Letter of Guarantee 7.2 Characteristics and function of Guarantee 7.3 Parties of Letter of Guarantee 7.4 Contents of Letter of Guarantee 7.5 Basic Procedures of Letter of Guarantee 7.6 Types of Letter of Guarantee 7.7 Differences between Bank Guarantee and Documentary Letter of Credit 7.8 international customs and practice of L/G
3)Documentary
Payment under letter of guarantee is based on the documents presented by beneficiary according to the guarantee regulation clause. It includes beneficiary’s certificate, applicant’s default declaration and other relative documents.
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
A L/G is property operative only if the principal failed to fulfill the commercial contract and default certificate are presented
certificate documents which can prove the default of principals.