医学英语词汇

如果有错误请及时指出索引1、医院部门及科室名称2、医务人员名称3、诊断和治疗常用词汇4、常见疾病名称5、常见手术名称6、常用药物名称7、常用护理术语8、常用临床医学术语9、医疗器材10、医学英语快速记忆－后缀11、主要人体系统名称12、医院类型名称13、医学词汇14、医学常用字首与字根1.医院部门及科室名称out-patient department门诊部In-patient department住院部Nursing department护理部Admission office住院处Discharge office出院处Registration office挂号处Reception room, waiting room侯诊室Consultation room诊察室Isolation room隔离室Delivery room分娩室Emergency room急诊室Ward病房室Department of internal medicine内科Department of surgery外科Department of pediatrics儿科Department of obstetrics and gynecology妇科Department of neurology神经科Department of ophtalmology眼科E.N.T.department耳鼻喉科Department of stomatology口腔科Department of urology泌尿科Department of orthopedic骨科Department of traumatology创伤科Department of endocrinology内分泌科Department of anesthesiology麻醉科Department of dermatology皮肤科Department of infectious diseases传染病科Department of pathology病理科Department of psychiatry精神科Department of orthopacdic surgery矫形外科Department of cardiac surgery心脏外科Department of cerebral surgery脑外科Department of thoracic surgery胸外科Pharmacy dispensary药房Nutrition department营养部Diet-preparation department配膳室Therapeutic department治疗室Operating room/Theater手术室Blood-bank血站 Supply-room供应室Disinfection-room消毒室Dressing room换药室Mortuary太平间Record room病案室Department of plastic surgery矫形外科Department of physiotherapy理疗科electrotherapy room电疗科heliotherapy room光疗科wax-therapy room蜡疗科hydrotherapy room水疗科central laboratory中心实验室clinical laboratory临床实验室bacteriological laboratory细菌实验室biochemical laboratory生化实验室serological laboratory血清实验室X-ray room X光室doctor’s office医生办公室nurse’s office护士办公室2.医务人员名称director of the hospital院长physician内科医师chief physician主任医师associate chief physician副主任医师attending doctor主治医师resident doctor住院医师intern doctor实习医师general practitioner全科医师specialist专科医师head of the nursing department护理部主任Head nurse护士长Student nurse实习护士E.N.T.doctor耳鼻喉科医师Ophthalmologist眼科医师Dentist牙科医师Orthopedist骨科医师Dermatologist皮肤科医师urologist surgeon泌尿外科医师neurosurgeon神经外科医师plastic surgeon矫形外科医师anaesthetist麻醉科医师Doctor for tuberculosis结核科医师Physiotherapist理疗科Doctor for infectious diseases传染病科Dietician营养科医师Pediatrician儿科医师Obstetrician产科医师Midwife助产师Gynecologist妇科医师Radiologist放射科医师Epidemiologist流行病医师Pharmacist药剂医师Assistant pharmacist药剂医士Laboratory technician化验员Assistant nurse卫生员Cleaner清洁员Controller总务科长Registrar挂号员Sanitation worker消毒员3.诊断和治疗常用词汇inspection望诊inquiry问诊auscultation听诊percussion扣诊palpation触诊biopsy活组织检查pathological section病理切片endoscopy内窥镜检查ECG(electrocardiogram) examination心电图检查EEG(electrocardiogram) examination脑电图检查Intravenous pyelography静脉肾盂造影术Skin-test皮肤试验examination by centesis穿刺检查routine analysis of blood血常规分析urine analysis of blood尿常规分析red blood cell count(RBC)红细胞计数white blood cell count(WBC)白细胞计数general check-up全身检查routine examination常规检查follow-up examination随访检查consultation会诊emergency急诊diagnosis诊断prognosis预后convalescence, recovery康复relapse复发treatment治疗prescribe开药方fill a prescription配药injecting打针hypodermic injection皮下注射intramuscular injection肌肉注射intravenous injection静脉注射inoculating预防注射fluid infusion点滴注射blood transfusion输血dose剂量tablet药片capsule胶囊liquid medicine药水powder药粉ointment药膏（软膏）plaster硬膏，石膏lotion洗剂suppository栓剂analgesics止痛药antipyetics退烧药antitussive止咳药expectorant祛痰药diuretics利尿药hemostatic止血药antidiarrheal止泄药antipruritic止痒药antidote解毒药antirheumatic抗风湿药anticarcinogen抗癌药antibiotics抗菌素anticoagulant抗凝剂cardiac tonic强心药vasodilator血管舒张药vasoconstrictor血管收缩药antiepileptic抗癫痫药antispasmodic解痉药sedative镇静药anesthetics麻醉药penicillin盘尼西林streptomycin链霉素gentamycin庆大霉素aspirin阿斯匹林morphine吗啡dolantin杜冷丁iodine碘酒distilled water蒸馏水normal saline solution生理食盐水atropine阿托品hormone激素glucose葡萄糖side effect, adverse effect副作用operative treatment手术疗法major operation大手术minor operation小手术anesthesia麻醉general anesthesia全身麻醉local anesthesia局部麻醉excision, removal, resection切除术tonsillectomy扁桃体切除术thyroidectomy甲状腺切除术pneumonectomy肺切除术mastectomy乳房切除术gastrectomy胃切除术cholecystectomy胆囊切除术hepalobectomy肝叶切除术splenectomy脾切除术nephrectomy肾切除术salpingectomy输卵管切除术hysterectomy子宫切除术hysteromyomectomy子宫肌瘤切除术proctectomy直肠切除术appendectomy阑尾切除术prostatectomy前列腺切除术tracheotomy气管切开术incision of abscess脓肿切开术craniotomy颅骨切开thoracotomy胸廓切开laparotomy剖腹术amputation截肢fixation固定hot compress热敷cold compress冷敷gastric lavage洗胃enema灌肠urethral catheterication导尿hemostasis止血dressing包扎sew up the incision缝合切口remove the stitches拆线cardiac massage心脏按摩artificial respiration人工呼吸diet饮食special diet特定饮食low protein diet低蛋白饮食low fat diet低脂肪饮食low calorie diet低热量饮食liquid diet流质饮食semi-liquid diet半流质饮食solid diet固体饮食light diet易消化的饮食vegetable diet素食4.常见疾病名称Internal Medicine内科Acidosis酸中毒Adams-Stokes syndrome亚－斯氏综合症alcoholism, alcoholic intoxication酒精中毒alkalosis碱中毒anaphylaxis过敏症anemia贫血iron deficiency anemia缺铁性贫血megaloblastic anemia巨幼红细胞性贫血aplastic anemia再生障碍性贫血angiitis脉管炎angina pectoris心绞痛arteriosclerosis动脉硬化apoplexy中风auricular fibrillation心房纤颤auriculo-ventricular block房室传导阻滞bronchial asthma支气管哮喘bronchitis支气管炎bronchiectasis支气管扩张bronchopneumonia支气管肺炎carcinoma癌cardiac arrhythmia心律紊乱cardiac failure心力衰竭cardiomyopathy心肌病cirrhosis肝硬化coronary arteriosclerotic heart disease冠状动脉硬化性心脏病Crohn disease克罗恩病Cushing’s syndrome库欣综合症diabetes糖尿病diffuse intravascular coagulation弥散性血管凝血dysentery痢疾enteritis肠炎gastric ulcer胃溃疡gastritis胃炎gout痛风hepatitis肝炎Hodgkin’s disease霍奇金病hyperlipemia高脂血症，血脂过多hyperparathyroidism甲状旁腺功能亢进hypersplenism脾功能亢进hypertension高血压hyperthyroidism甲状腺功能亢进hypoglycemia低血糖hypothyroidism甲状腺功能减退infective endocarditis感染性心内膜炎influenza流感leukemia白血病lobar pneumonia大叶性肺炎lymphadenitis淋巴结炎lymphoma淋巴瘤malaria疟疾malnutrition营养不良measles麻疹myeloma骨髓瘤myocardial infarction心肌梗死myocarditis心肌炎nephritis肾炎nephritic syndrome肾综合症obstructive pulmonary emphysema阻塞性肺气肿pancreatitis胰腺炎peptic ulcer消化性溃疡peritonitis腹膜炎pleuritis胸膜炎pneumonia肺炎pneumothorax气胸purpura紫癜allergic purpura过敏性紫癜thrombocytolytic purpura血小板减少性紫癜pyelonephritis肾盂肾炎renal failure肾功能衰竭rheumatic fever风湿病rheumatoid arthritis类风湿性关节炎scarlet fever猩红热septicemia败血症syphilis梅毒tachycardia心动过速tumour肿瘤typhoid伤寒ulcerative colitis溃疡性结肠炎upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage上消化道血Neurology神经科brain abscess脑脓肿cerebral embolism脑栓塞cerebral infarction脑梗死cerebral thrombosis脑血栓cerebral hemorrhage脑出血concussion of brain脑震荡craniocerebral injury颅脑损伤epilepsy癫痫intracranial tumour颅内肿瘤intracranial hematoma颅内血肿meningitis脑膜炎migraine偏头痛neurasthenia神经衰弱neurosis神经官能症paranoid psychosis偏执性精神病Parkinson’s disease帕金森综合症psychosis精神病schizophrenia精神分裂症Surgery外科abdominal external hernia腹外疝acute diffuse peritonitis急性弥漫性腹膜炎acute mastitis急性乳腺炎acute pancreatitis急性胰腺炎acute perforation of gastro-duodenal ulcer急性胃十二指肠溃疡穿孔acute pyelonephritis急性肾盂肾炎anal fissure肛裂anal fistula肛瘘anesthesia麻醉angioma血管瘤appendicitis阑尾炎bleeding of gastro-duodenal ulcer胃十二指肠溃疡出血bone tumour骨肿瘤breast adenoma乳房腺瘤burn烧伤cancer of breast乳腺癌carbuncle痈carcinoma of colon结肠炎carcinoma of esophagus食管癌carcinoma of gallbladder胆囊癌carcinoma of rectum直肠癌carcinoma of stomach胃癌cholecystitis胆囊炎cervical spondylosis颈椎病choledochitis胆管炎cholelithiasis胆石症chondroma软骨瘤dislocation of joint关节脱位erysipelas丹毒fracture骨折furuncle疖hemorrhoid痔hemothorax血胸hypertrophy of prostate前列腺肥大intestinal obstruction肠梗阻intestinal tuberculosis肠结核lipoma脂肪瘤lithangiuria尿路结石liver abscess肝脓肿melanoma黑色素瘤osseous tuberculosis骨结核osteoclastoma骨巨细胞瘤osteoporosis骨质疏松症osteosarcoma骨质疏松症osteosarcoma骨肉瘤Paget’s disease佩吉特病perianorecrtal abscess肛管直肠周围脓肿phlegmon蜂窝织炎portal hypertension门静脉高压prostatitis前列腺炎protrusion of intervertebral disc椎间盘突出purulent arthritis化脓性关节炎pyogenic ostcomyclitis化脓性骨髓炎pyothorax脓胸rectal polyp直肠息肉rheumatoid arthritis类风湿性关节炎rupture of spleen脾破裂scapulohumeral periarthritis肩周炎tenosynovitis腱鞘炎tetanus破伤风thromboangiitis血栓性脉管炎thyroid adenocarcinoma甲状腺腺癌thyroid adenoma甲状腺腺瘤trauma创伤urinary infection泌尿系感染varicose vein of lower limb下肢静脉曲张Paediatrics儿科acute military tuberculosis of the lung急性粟粒性肺结核acute necrotic enteritis急性坏死性结肠炎anaphylactic purpura过敏性紫癜ancylostomiasis钩虫病ascariasis蛔虫病asphyxia of the newborn新生儿窒息atrial septal defect房间隔缺损birth injury产伤cephalhematoma头颅血肿cerebral palsy脑性瘫痪congenital torticollis先天性斜颈convulsion惊厥Down’s syndrome唐氏综合症glomerulonephritis肾小球肾炎hemophilia血友病infantile diarrhea婴儿腹泻intracranial hemorrhage of the newborn新生儿颅内出血intussusception肠套叠necrotic enterocolitis of newborn新生儿坏死性小肠结膜炎neonatal jaundice新生儿黄疸nutritional iron deficiency anemia营养性缺铁性贫血nutritional megaloblastic anemia营养性巨幼细胞性贫血patent ductus arteriosis动脉导管未闭poliomyelitis骨髓灰质炎premature infant早产儿primary tuberculosis原发性肺结核progressive muscular dystrophy进行性肌肉营养不良pulmonary stenosis肺动脉狭窄purulent meningitis化脓性脑膜炎rickets佝偻病sepsis of the newborn新生儿败血症tetanus of the newborn新生儿破伤风tetralogy of Fallot法洛四联症thrush鹅口疮，真菌性口炎varicella水痘ventricular septal defect室间隔缺损viral encephalitis病毒性脑炎viral myocarditis病毒性心肌炎Gynecology and Obstetrics妇，产科abortion流产adenomyosis子宫内膜异位症amniotic fluid embolism羊水栓塞Bartholin’s cyst巴氏腺囊肿carcinoma of cervix子宫颈癌carcinoma of endometrium子宫内膜癌carcinoma of ovary卵巢癌cervicitis宫颈炎chorio-epithelioma绒毛膜上皮癌corpora luteum cyst黄体囊肿dystocia难产eclampsia子痫edema-proteinuria-hypertension syndrome水肿蛋白尿高血压综合征（妊娠高血压综合征）endometriosis子宫内膜异位症extrauterine pregnancy子宫外孕hydatidiform mole葡萄胎hyperemesis gravidarum妊娠剧吐infertility不育症irregular menstruation月经失调lochia恶露monilial vaginitis念珠菌性阴道炎multiple pregnancy多胎妊娠myoma of uterus子宫肿瘤oligohydramnios羊水过少ovarian tumour卵巢肿瘤pelvic inflammatory disease盆腔炎placenta previa前置胎盘placental abruption胎盘早期剥离pregnancy-hypertension syndrome妊娠高血压综合症premature birth早产premature rupture of membrane胎膜早破postpartum hemorrhage产后出血puerperal infection产褥感染rupture of uterus子宫破裂trichomonas vaginitis滴虫性阴道炎uteroplacental apoplexy子宫胎盘卒中vulvitis外阴炎Ophthalmology and Otorhinolaryngology五官科amblyopia弱视amygdalitis, tonsillitis扁桃体炎astigmatism散光carcinoma of nasopharynx鼻咽癌carcinoma of larynx喉癌cataract白内障tinnitus耳鸣chalazion霰粒肿，脸板腺囊肿colour blindness色盲deflection of nasal septum鼻中隔偏曲deafness聋furuncle of nasalvestibule鼻前庭疖glaucoma青光眼heterotropia斜视hyperopia远视injury of cornea角膜损伤ceruminal impaction耵聍嵌塞iritis虹膜炎keratitis角膜炎labyrinthitis迷路炎，内耳炎laryngitis喉炎mastoiditis乳突炎myopia近视nasal sinusitis鼻窦炎otitis media中耳炎obstruction of larynx喉梗阻peritonsillar abscess扁桃体中脓肿pharyngitis咽炎rhinitis鼻炎Dermatoloty皮科acne痤疮carcinoma of skin皮肤癌bed sore褥疮decubitus ulcer褥疮性溃疡drug eruption药皮疹eczema湿疹herpes simplex单纯疱疹herpes zoster带状疱疹lupus erythematosis红斑狼疮psoriasis牛皮癣urticaria荨麻疹wart疣5.常见手术名称General Sugery普外appendectomy (appendicectomy)阑尾切除术cholecystectmy胆囊切除术cholecystostomy胆囊造口术drainage of the abscess脓肿引流enterostomy肠造口术exploratory laparotomy开腹探查术gastrectomy胃切除术gastroduodenostomy胃十二指肠吻合术hemorrhoidectomy痔切除术hepaticotomy肝管切开术hepatectomy肝切除术herniorrhaphy疝修补术ligation of lower oesophageal veins低位食管静脉结扎pancreatectomy胰切除术portal vena cava anastomosis门腔静脉吻合术pyloroplasty幽门成形术mastectomy乳房切除术splenectomy脾切除术thyroidectomy甲状腺切除术thyroid lobectomy甲状腺叶切除术vagotomy迷走神经切断术Orthopedics骨科amputation截肢arthrodesis关节固定术curettage if bone tumor骨瘤刮除术excision of bone tumor骨瘤切除术external fixation外固定fasciotomy筋膜切开术free skin graft自由皮瓣移植internal fixation内固定plaster cast石膏管形plaster splintage石膏夹板固定prosthetic replacement for joint人工关节置换术reduction of fracture骨折复位reduction of joint dislocation关节脱位复位repair if ligament韧带修补replantation if digit断指再植skeletal traction骨牵引tenorrhaphy腱缝合术Thoracic Surgery胸外科aortocoronary bypass主动脉冠状动脉分流closed drainage of pleural cavity胸腔闭式引流complete intracardiac repair of Fallot’s Tetralogy法洛完全修复术dilation of aortic valular stenosis主动脉瓣狭窄扩张术exploratory thoracotomy开胸探查heart transplantation心脏移植heart valve replacement心脏瓣膜置换术ligation of patent ductus arteriosis动脉导管未闭结扎术lobectomy of lungs肺叶切除local excision of tumor of lungs肺肿瘤局部切除术parial esophagectomy and reconstruction of esophagus食管部分切除、重建repair of auricular septal defect房间隔缺损修补术repair if ventricular septal defect室间隔缺损修补术repair if valvular insufficiency瓣膜闭锁不全的修补pericardiectomy心包切除术peicardiotomy心包切开术pulmonary embolectomy肺动脉栓子切除术resection of arterial aneurysm动脉瘤切除术Urology泌尿科cystoplasty膀胱成形术cystostomy膀胱造口术nephrectomy肾切除术nephrostomy肾造口术nephrolithotomy肾石切除术orchiectomy睾丸切除术prostatectomy前列腺切除术renal biopsy肾活检renal transplantation肾移植urethra-lithotomy输尿管结石切除urethroplasty尿道成形术vasoligation输精管结扎术Neurosurgery神经外科decompression减压术excision of brain tumor脑瘤切除术exploratory craniotomy开颅探查术lobectomy（脑）叶切除术removed of intracranial hematoma颅内血肿清除术repair of dura defect硬脑膜缺损修补术Dentistry牙科dental prosthetics镶牙filling牙填充orthodontic treatment牙矫正术periodontal treatment牙周治疗tooth extraction拔牙Gynecology & Obstetrics妇产科amniocentesis羊膜穿刺术cervicectomy子宫颈切除术cesarean section剖宫产术剖腹产culdocentesis后穹隆穿刺术dilatation of the cervix宫颈扩张术excision of Bartholin cyst巴氏腺囊肿切除术hysterectomy子宫切除术induction of labor引产术ovarian cystectomy助产术oophorectomy卵巢切除术salpingectomy输卵管切除术sterilization绝育术uterine curetlage刮宫术vulvectomy外阴切除术Ophthalmology & Otorhinolaryngology五官科aspiration of cataract白内障吸出术closed reduction of nasal bone鼻骨闭合复位corneal grafting角膜移植enucleation of eyeball眼球摘除术excision of turbinates鼻甲切除术extraction of intra-ocular foreign body眼内异物摘除laryngectomy and laryngostomy喉切除术和喉造口术lens extraction晶体摘除mastoidectomy乳突切开术myringotomy鼓膜切开术myringoplasty鼓膜成形术nasal polypectomy鼻息肉切除术septoplasty（鼻）中隔成形术sinusotomy鼻窦切开术submuscous resection of nasal septum鼻中隔粘膜下切除术tonsillectomy扁桃体切除术tympanoplasty鼓室成形术6.常用药物名称Antibiotics抗生素albomycin白霉素ampicillin氨苄青霉素berberine黄连素carbenicillin羧苄青霉素cephaloridine先锋霉素IIcephtlothin先锋霉素Ichloromycetin氯霉素erythromycin红霉素furbenicillin呋苄青霉素gentamycin庆大霉素griseofulvin灰黄霉素kanamycin卡那霉素meecamycin, medemycin麦迪加霉素，麦迪霉素neomycin新霉素penicillin G青霉素Gpolymyxin B多粘菌素Bstreptomycin链霉素terramycin合霉素terramycin土霉素Sulfonamides and Furane Derivatives磺胺类及呋喃类药furacilin呋喃西林furazolicone呋喃唑酮，痢特灵sulfacetamide (SA)磺胺醋酰sulfaciazine (SD)磺胺嘧啶sulfadimidine (SM2)磺胺二甲嘧啶sulfamethoxazole新诺明，磺胺甲噁唑trimethoprim (TMP)增效磺胺Sedatives and Tranquilizers镇静、安定药chlordiazepoxide, librium利眠宁chlorpromazine, wintermine氯丙嗪,冬眠药diazepam, valium地西泮，安定fluphenazine氟奋乃静meprobamate, miltown甲丙氨酯，眠尔通oryzanol谷维素pentobarbital戊巴比妥perphenazine奋乃静phenobarbital, luminal本巴比妥，鲁米那Analgesics镇痛药codeine phosphate磷酸可待因dolantin, pethidine度冷丁，哌替啶opium tincture阿片酊pentazocine镇痛新Analgesics解热镇痛药analgin安乃近aspirin阿司匹林aspirin compound tablet (APC)复方阿司匹林butazolidin, butazone保泰松chlofenamic acid抗风湿灵，氯灭酸indomethacin, indacin吲哆美辛，消炎痛ibuprofen布洛芬paracetamol对乙酰氨基酚，扑热息痛phenacetin非那西丁somedon索密痛Atitussives and Bronchial Spasm Relaxants镇咳、解痉药aerosol isoprenaline异丙肾上腺素气雾剂aminophylline氨茶碱carbetapentane, toclase咳必清brown mixture棕色合剂，复方干草合剂chloperastine咳平ephedrine麻黄素isoprenaline异丙肾上腺素salbutamol舒喘灵Drags for Digestive Diseases消化系统疾病用药yeast酵母片Lactasin, biofermin乳酶生pancreatin胰酶pepsin胃蛋白酶atropine阿托品belladonna extract颠茄浸膏benactyzine胃复康probanthine普鲁苯辛sodium bicarbonate小苏打vitamin U维生素Uranitidine雷尼替丁liquid paraffin液体石蜡magnesium sulfate硫酸镁dehydrocholic acid去氢胆酸glucurone肝泰乐glutamic acid谷氨酸sodium taurocholate胆酸钠Drugs for Cardiovascular Diseases心血管疾病用药lidocaine利多卡因mexiletine美西律oxprenolol氧烯洛尔，心得平procainamid hydrochloride盐酸普鲁卡因胺propranolol dinitrate普萘洛尔，心得安persantin双咪哌胺醇，潘生丁quinidine奎尼丁verapamil异博定nitroglycerine硝酸甘油nifedipine硝苯地平，心痛定isosorbide dinitrate硝酸异山梨酯，消心痛digoxin地高辛digitoxin洋地黄毒甙cedilanid西地兰Antihypertensive Drugs抗高血压药atenolol氨酰心安captopril开博通，卡托普利furazosin派唑嗪methyl dopa甲基多巴nimodipine tablet尼莫地平片reserpine利血平sodium nitroprusside硝普钠vertical降压灵dibazol地巴唑Antituberculosis Drugs抗结核药ethambutol乙胺丁醇isoniazid异烟肼para-aminosalicylic acid (PAS)对氨基水杨酸pyrazinamide吡嗪酰胺rifampin利福平Antifungal and Antiviral Agents抗真菌及抗病毒药amphotericin二性霉素clotrimazole克霉唑flagyl灭滴灵，甲硝唑ketoconazole酮康唑nystatin制霉菌素amantadine金刚烷胺，金刚胺moroxydine(ABOB)病毒灵，吗啉胍Antianemic Agents抗贫血药calcium leucovorin甲酰四氢叶酸钙，甲叶钙cobalt chloride氯化钴ferric ammonium citrate枸橼酸铁胺，柠檬酸铁胺ferrous sulfate硫酸亚铁，硫酸低铁folic acid叶酸iron dextran右旋糖酐铁lliver extract肝精vitamin B12维生素B12Anti-allergic Agents抗过敏药calcium gluconate葡萄糖酸钙chlorpheniramine扑尔敏diphenhydramine, benadryl苯海拉明，苯那君histaglobulin组织胺球蛋白promethazine, phenergan异丙嗪，非那根Anthelminthics驱肠虫药areca槟榔levamisole左旋咪唑，驱钩蛔piperazine citrate驱蛔灵Vitamins维生素compound rutin复方芦丁calcium pantothenate泛酸钙nicotinamide(NAA)烟酰胺nicotinic acid(NA)烟酸pyritinol hydrochloricde脑复新vitamin A维生素Avitamin B1维生素B1vitamin B2, riboflavin维生素B2，核黄素vitamin B6, pyridoxine维生素B6，吡哆醇vitamin B compound复合维生素Bvitamin C, ascorbic acid维生素C，抗坏血酸vitamin D2, calciferol维生素D2，骨化醇vitamin D3, cholecalciferol维生素D3，胆维丁vitamin E, tocopherol维生素E，生育酚Hormones激素corticotrophin (ACTH)促肾上腺皮质激素cortisone可的松desoxycorticosterone (DOCA)去氧皮质酮dexamethasone地塞米松fluocinolone acetonide肤轻松hydrocortisone氢化可的松prednisolone强的松龙，去氢氢化可的松prednisone强的松，去氢可的松chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG)绒毛膜促性腺激素，绒膜激素clomiphene克罗米芬estradiol benzoate苯甲酸雌二醇medroxyprogesterone acetate, provera安宫黄体酮megestrol甲地孕酮methyltestosterone甲基睾丸素progesterone黄体酮stillboestrol乙烯雌酚testosterone propionate丙酸睾丸素Cancer Chemotherapeutic Drugs and Drugs on the Immune System肿瘤化疗制剂及免疫系统用药Adriamycin阿霉素azathioprine(AZP)硫唑嘌呤cyclophosphamide(CTX)环磷酰氮芥cyclosporine A环孢霉素A，环孢灵cytarabine阿糖胞苷dactinomycin放线菌素D，更生霉素fluorouracil氟尿嘧啶hydrocortisone氢化可的松，氢可的松interferon干扰素levamisole左旋四咪唑，左咪唑methotrexate甲氨蝶呤thiotepa塞替哌thymosin胸腺素vincristine(VCR)长春新碱Agents Used for Metabolic Diseases治疗代谢性疾病用药insulin胰岛素Lugol’s solution卢戈尔液glibenclamide格列本脲，优降糖propylthiouracil丙基硫氧嘧啶phenformin苯乙双胍，降糖灵tapazole甲巯咪唑，他巴唑thyroid甲状腺，甲状腺剂tolbutamide甲磺丁脲，甲糖宁protamine zinc insulin (PZI)精蛋白锌胰岛素（长效）Fluids for Infusion静脉输液concentrated sodium chloride injection浓氯化钠注射液5% glucose in normal saline (GNS) 5％葡萄糖盐水5% glucose solution (GS) 5％葡萄糖溶液Normal saline(NS)生理盐水10% potassium chloride 10％氯化钾Ringer’s solution林格溶液，复方氯化钠溶液5% sodium bicarbonate 5％碳酸氢钠28.75% sodium glutamate 28.75％谷氨酸钠11.2% sodium lactate 11.2％乳酸钠Biological Products生物制品aprotinin抑肽酶bacillus Calmette-Guerin vaccine卡介苗cytochrome C细胞色素Cdiphtheria antitoxin (DAT)白喉抗毒素Gamma globulin丙种球蛋白Hyaluronidase透明质酸酶lysozyme溶菌酶pancreatin胰酶streptokinase(SK)溶栓酶，链激酶tetanus antitoxin破伤风抗霉素urokinase尿激酶Eye and ENT Drugs眼、耳、鼻、喉用药atropine阿托品borax硼沙chloramphenicol eye drops氯霉素滴眼液cortisone acetate eye drops醋酸可的松滴眼液homatropine后马托品sodium sulfacetamide磺胺醋酰钠boric acid alcohol硼酸酒精chloramphenicol glycerin氯霉素甘油滴耳液ephedrine nose drops麻黄素滴鼻液furacilin solution呋喃西林溶液neomycin solution新霉素溶液Drugs for External Use外用药ammonia solution氨溶液bromo-geramine苯扎溴铵，新洁尔灭hibitane氯已定，洗必泰mercurochrome红汞phenol酚potassium permanganate(PP)高锰酸钾silver nitrate硝酸银turpentine oil松节油hydrogen peroxide双氧水gentian violet甲紫，紫药水Anesthetics麻醉药ether乙醚ethyl chloride氯乙烷procaine普鲁卡因sodium pentothal硫喷妥钠lidocaine利多卡因fluothane氟烷7.常用护理术语Nursing processes护理过程assessment估计nursing diagnosis护理诊断planning计划intervention (implementation, management)措施（实施、管理）evaluation评价Daily care of the patient对病人的日常护理morning (evening) care, AM (HS) care晨（晚）间护理bedmaking整理床铺oral hygiene (mouth care)口腔卫生brushing the teeth刷牙flossing the teeth清牙垢denture care清洗假牙bathing洗澡cleanliness and skin care清洁与皮肤护理perineal care洗会阴hair梳头shaving刮脸Care of nails and feet指甲修剪和洗脚changing hospital gowns更换住院服装massage按摩bedsore care褥疮护理Measurement of vital signs测量生命体征taking oral (rectal, axillary) temperature量口腔（直肠、腋下）体温taking a radial pulse测量桡动脉脉搏counting respirations计呼吸次数measuring (taking) blood pressure量血压Catheterization导管插入术cardiac catheterization心导管插入术laryngeal catheterization喉插管术retro-urethral catheterization逆行导尿管插入术urethral catheterization尿道导管插入术Clean techniques, medical asepsis消毒灭菌asepsis无菌（法）integral asepsis完全无菌disinfection消毒concomitant (concurrent) disinfection随时消毒，即时消毒steam disinfection蒸汽消毒terminal disinfection终末消毒disinfection by ultraviolet light紫外线消毒Sterilization灭菌，消毒chemical sterilization化学灭菌法fractional sterilization间歇灭菌法intermittent sterilization间歇灭菌法mechanical sterilization器械灭菌法Decompression减压（术）oardiac decompression心减压术cerebral decompression脑减压术orbital decompression眼眶减压术decompression of decompression心包减压术gastro-intestinal decompression胃肠减压术decompression of rectum直肠减压术decompression of spinal cord脊髓减压术Dialysis透析peritoneal dialysis腹膜透析hemodialysis血液透析Drainage引流、导液aspiration (suction) drainage吸引导液（引流）closed drainage关闭引流法negative pressure drainage负压吸引法open drainage开放引流法postural drainage体位引流法vaginal drainage阴道引流法vesicocelomic drainage膀胱腹腔引流Drainage灌肠barium enema钡灌肠blind enema肛管排气法contrast enema对比灌肠glycerin enema甘油灌肠high (low) enema高（低）位灌肠magnesium sulfate enema硫酸镁灌肠retention (non-retention) enema保留（无保留）灌肠soapsuds enema肥皂水灌肠turpentine enema松节油灌肠Feeding饲，喂养Forced (forcible) feeding强制喂养intubtaion (tube) feeding管饲法nasal feeding鼻饲法rectal feeding直肠营养法Heat and clod applications冷、热敷applying hot compresses热敷applying hot soaks湿热敷assisting the patient to take a sitz bath帮病人坐浴applying hot water bottles用热水瓶applying an ice bag (collar0用冰袋applying cold compresses冷敷giving a cold (an alcohol) sponge bath冷水（酒精）擦浴Infusion输入，注入glucose infusion葡萄糖液输注glucose-saline infusion葡萄糖－盐水输注saline infusion盐水输注Injection注射endermic (intracutaneous) injection皮内注射hypertonic saline injection高渗盐水注射hypodermic injection皮下注射intramuscular injection肌内注射intraocular injection眼球注射intrapleural injection胸膜腔注射intrauterine injection子宫内注射nasal injection鼻内注射peritoneal injection腹膜腔注射rectal injection直肠注射subconjunctival injection结膜下注射urethral injection尿道注射vaginal injection阴道注射Irrigation冲洗vaginal irrigation阴道冲洗bladder irrigation膀胱冲洗continuous irrigation连续冲洗法mediate irrigation间接冲洗法Isolation隔离、分离strict isolation严密隔离contact isolation接触隔离respiratory isolation呼吸隔离drainage (secretion) precautions引流预防措施enteric precautions肠道预防措施blood (body fluid) precautions血液（体液）预防措施protective isolation保护性隔离Lavage灌洗blood (systemic) lavage血液毒素清洗法ether lavage (腹腔内)乙醚洗法gastric lavage洗胃intestinal lavage洗肠peritoneal lavage腹膜腔灌洗pleural lavage胸膜腔灌洗Medication药疗，投药，给药endermic medication皮内透药法hypodermatic medication皮下投药法intramuscular medication肌肉投药法ionic medication离子透药疗法nasal medication鼻内投药法oral medication口服法rectal medication直肠投药法sublingual medication舌下投药法transduodenal medication十二指肠内投药法vaginal medication阴道投药法Suctioning吸气引液upper airway suctioning上呼吸道抽吸法nasogastric suctioning鼻胃抽吸wound suctioning伤口吸引Transfusion输血arterial transfusion动脉输血blood transfusion输血direct (immediate ) transfusion直接输血drip transfusion滴注输(血)液indirect transfusion间接输血plasma transfusion输血浆serum transfusion输血清venous transfusion静脉输血，静脉输液Diet nursing伙食护理absolute diet (fasting)禁食balanced diet均衡伙食convalescent diet恢复期饮食diabetic diet糖尿病饮食eucaloric diet适当热量饮食fat-free diet无脂饮食salt-free diet无盐饮食fever diet热病饮食full diet全食，普通饮食half diet半食high caloric diet高热量饮食high-carbohydrate diet高糖类饮食high-protein (protein rich) diet高蛋白饮食invalid diet病弱者饮食light diet易消化饮食liquid diet流质饮食high fat diet高脂饮食low fat diet低脂饮食low caloric diet低热量饮食low-protein diet低蛋白饮食low-residue diet低渣饮食nourishing diet滋补饮食obesity diet肥胖病饮食prenatal diet孕期饮食regimen diet规定食谱smooth (soft) diet细软饮食Preparing the patient for the surgery为病人手术前做准备shaving the patient’s skin (skin prep)备皮anesthesia麻醉Postoperative care手术后护理coughing and deep-breathing exercises咳嗽呼吸练习applying elastic stockings穿弹性袜applying elastic bandages用弹性绷带Emergency care (first aid)急救护理cardiopulmonary resuscitation心肺循环复苏术mouth-to-mouth(mouth-to-nose,mouth-to-stoma) resuscitation 口对口（口对鼻，口对颈部小口）循环复苏术emergency care for fainting (shock, stroke) victims昏厥（休克、中风）患者急救emergency care used to control hemorrhage止血急救emergency care given to help a patient who is vomiting呕吐患者急救emergency care for a patient during a seizure癫痫发作急救hospice care临终护理postmortem care死后护理8.常用临床医学术语diseases疾病acute diseases急性病advanced diseases病沉重期，晚期疾病chronic diseases慢性病communicable diseases传染病complicating diseases并发病congenital diseases先天性疾病acquired diseases后天性疾病contagious diseases接触性传染病endemic diseases地方病epidemic diseases流行病functional diseases机能病、官能病infectious diseases传染病inherited diseases遗传病malignant diseases恶性病nutritional diseases营养病occupation diseases职业病organic diseases器质性病paroxysmal diseases阵发性病periodical diseases周期病primary(principal)diseases原发（主导）病secondary diseases继发病sexual(venereal, social)diseases性病terminal diseases绝症wasting diseases消耗性疾病chief complaint主诉clinical manifestation临床表现delivery history分娩史etiology病因学family history家族史history, medical history病史precipitating(induced)诱因marital status婚姻状况menstrual history月经史menarche初潮menopause闭经past history既往史pathogenesis发病机制personal history个人史symptoms症状cardinal symptom主要症状classical symptom典型症状concomitant symptom伴发症状constitutional(systemic) symptom全身症状indirect symptom间接症状induced symptom诱发症状local symptom局部症状mental symptom精神症状symptom-complex (syndrome)symptom综合症，症候群signs体征antecedent前驱征assident (accessory)副征commemorative后遗症。