最新人教版八年级上册英语 unit8详细知识点

最新人教版八年级上册英语 unit8详细知识点Grammar: 可数名词与不可数名词；祈使句Topic: 描述制作过程；遵循指令做事1. a piece of … 一片/张/段/条/根/幅/首……2. one by one 一个接一个；逐个；依次3. a cup of yogurt 一杯酸奶4. traditional food 传统的食物5. the main dish 主菜6. at a very high temperature 用高温7. ta ke one’s temperature 量某人的体温8. add some salt to the soup 往汤里加点盐add … to ... 把……加到……上/里面9. pour …into… 把……倒入/灌入… 10. make a list of … 列一份… 清单11. put the corn into the popcorn machine 把玉米放入爆米花机里put…into…把…放入…12. rice noodles 米粉13. another 10 minutes = 10 more minutes 又/再十分钟14. Let me think（…）: 让我想一想Let me see= Let’s see. 让我想想看15. peel three bananas. 剥三根香蕉16. dig/dug a hole 挖坑17. First…Next…Then…Finally 首先……接下来……然后…….最后……18. That’s it. 表示某事了结、停止、结束19.one more thing = another one thing还有一件事20.in a different way 用一种不同的方式21. mix together 混合到一起.22. take out a book from the library = take a book out of the library 从图书馆里借出一本书23. How do you make a banana milk shake? 你怎样制作一份香蕉奶昔?(n)摇动；抖动：Give the bottle a good shake. 好好地摇一下瓶子.（使）摇动/颤抖：Shake the bottle before drinking.抖落: He shook the snow off his coat at the door.shake hands 握手shake one’s head 摇头for a shake 一瞬间24. Turn on the blender. 打开搅拌器.turn on：打开（电、煤气、水等）Will you please turn on the light? It’s too dark.turn off: 关掉（电、煤气、水等）Please turn the light off when you leave the building.turn up: 调高（音量等）I can’t hear clearly，please turn up the radio.出现If he doesn’t turn up in ten minutes，we’ll have to go.turn down: 调低（音量等）：Please turn down the TV when I’m talking on the phone.拒绝She turned down his invitation.25. cut up the bananas. 把香蕉切碎.cut：(n)切口；伤口；(v) 切，割，剪，砍，削等cut… into… ：把…切成… cut the turkey into pieces.cut off：切断；中断He almost cut off his finger while working.cut up 切碎；剁碎cut the onion up in small pieces.伤害；折磨：He was cut up badly when he fell off his bike.cut down：砍倒；削减They cut down the old trees in order to build a new factory. 22.A: How much yogurt do we need? B: We need one cup of yogurt.1). how many: 多少+ 可数名词：how many watermelons do you need?how much多少 + 不可数名词： How much cheese/sugar do we need?多少钱= What’d the price of…? How much is the butter?2).(n) : There’s no need for you to hurry. 你没有必要慌张.Sb. need sth. She needs help. 实) Sb. need to do sth. You need to get it back tomorrow.需要； Sth. need doing = sth. need to be done. The bike needs repairing.必须 (v 情: ) 用于否定和疑问: You needn’t tell me. 你没有必要告诉我.Need I go there? Yes ， you must./have to. No ， you needn’t.in need of…: 需要… at need: 在紧急时23. Next ，fill the turkey with this bread mix. 接下来，把这个面包混合物填充到火鸡里.使充满；装满: fill A with B = A be filled with B = A be full of B 1). Fill the bottle with water. = The bottle is filled with / is full of water.占据，胜任(职位；工作) : She is the best person to fill this kind of job.(n)混合物(=mixture)；食品混合干配料 a cake mix使掺和；使混合： She mixes the flour and milk together.2). mix…with…: 把…与…调在一起 He mixed red paint with yellow paint.（v ） mix… into…: 把…掺在…里面 She mixed some salt into the soup. 调制： mix salad 拌色拉24. When it is ready ， place the turkey on a large plate and cover it with gravy.(n) 盖子；封面；罩： The book has a blue cover. 覆盖；遮盖： cover … with… = …be covered with…(v) She covered the table with a cloth. = The table was covered with a cloth.掩饰；隐瞒 Jim tried to cover his mistake with a joke.25. Finally ， serve it to your friends with some vegetables. 最后，与其它食物一起端出来供朋友使用.为…服务/工作/效力： serve people. 接待；服侍（顾客）：Are you being served? 你点过菜了吗？/有人接待你吗？端出（食物）；伺候…进餐：serve the fish to the guests.26. Now ， it’s time to enjoy the rice noodles! 现在，到了享用米粉的时候了.for sth. : It’s time for supper. to do sth. It ’s time to have supperfor sb. to do sth. It’s time for you to get up.可数名词与不可数名词1. 可数名词 ----可数名词指物体的数量可数.其单数形式可在名词前加a或an，表示“一个”，如：a banana.其复数形式要在词尾加s或es（特殊情况除外），如：two bananas.名词复数的不规则变化：man-men woman-women policeman（男警察）-policemen policewoman（女警察）-policewomen mouse-mice child-children foot-feet tooth-teethfish-fish sheep-sheep deer -deer people-people Chinese-Chinese Japanese-Japanese 1）以f(e)结尾的名词变复数leaf→leaves half→halves wife→wives knife→knives shelf→shelves wolf→wolves thief→thieves2）以o结尾的: hero，Negro，tomato，potato + es; 其他的都加s：radio，zoo.表示“某国人”的名词变复数中日不变英法变，其他-s加后面. Chinese，Japanese，Englishman，Frenchman，American，Australian，German2. 不可数名词 -------不可数名词指物体的数量不可数.不可数名词没有单复数之分，也不能在词前直接加冠词a或an.表示不可数名词的数量时可在不可数名词前加相应的数量词构成短语. 如：a piece of…， a glass of…， a bottle of….， a bag of…， a teaspoon of…等.二．1．既可修饰可数名词也可修饰：all，some，most， a lot of，lots of，plenty of …2．修饰可数名词的词有：数词（one...），few，a few，many，a number of，numbers of...3. 修饰不可数名词的词有：little，a little，a bit of，much，a great deal of，a large amount of4. 不可数名词通常用“数词+量词+of+不可数名词”表示复数：three pieces of paper祈使句一．定义：祈使句指的是表示命令、请求、建议或劝告的句子.其主语you常省略，谓语动词用原形，句末用感叹号或句号，读降调.二．结构：1. 肯定的祈使句：动词原形+其他Stand up，please. Be careful!2．否定的祈使句: 1). Don't + 动词原形Don’t laugh at others.2). Never do sth. Never do that again!3). No + v-ing/n. No smoking! No noise，please.4). Let’s not do sth. Let’s not waste time.5). Don’t let sb. do sth. Don’t let them make any noise.Unit 8 How do you make a banana milk shake?一、词汇积累1. milk shake 奶昔shake v. & n. 摇动，抖动shake hands with sb./ shake one’s hands 与某人握手2. turn on 打开反义词：turn off 关上turn up 调大，开大音量反义词：turn down 调低音量易错点：遇到动词加副词，要符合以下原则：动词加副词，名词两边放，代词放中间.e.g. turn on the radio = turn the radio on，但是turn it on 不能说turn on it3. cut up 切碎过去式：cut，过去分词：cutcut up = cut into pieces 切成碎片cut into halves 切成两半4. make v. 制作，做make sth. For sb. = make sb. sth. 为某人做某物与make 的一些搭配：make friends 交朋友make a mistake/ mistakes 犯错误make tea 沏茶v. 使役动词“使”make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事make sb./ sth. + adj. 使某人/ 某物……5. need v. & n. 需要v. need sth. 需要某物need to do sth. 需要做某事n. He can’t meet all your need.作情态动词“需要”，后面用动词原形，常用于否定和疑问句中：e.g. You needn’t finish your work now.---Need I go there with him?---Yes，you must./ No，you needn’t.6. another adj. & pron. 另一，再一e.g. Can I have another cake? (another 作形容词)Give me another. (another 作代词)注意：another 与one more 意思相同，表示另外几个时，another 后面接相应的数词，而one more中的“one”也改为相应的数词.e.g. I want to buy another three pencils. = I want to buy three more pencils.7. forget v. 忘记反义词：remember 记得forget sth./ sb. 忘记某事/ 某人forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事（事情未做）forget doing sth.忘记做过某事（事情已做）常会遇到一个词“leave”，也可表“遗忘”leave sth. at/ in/ on + 某地把某物忘记在……8. like v. & n. & prep.喜欢；喜好；像v. like sth./ sb.like to do sth./ like doing sth. 喜欢做某事n. likes and dislikes 喜好反义词：dislikeprep. 像反义词：unlike9. traditional adj. 传统的traditional n. + al adj.10. a time to………的时间It’s time to do sth. 到了该做……的时候了It’s time for sth./ doing sth.11. give thanks for…为……表达谢意Thanks for doing sth. = Thanks for sth.12. remember v. 记得，记起，回想起remember sth./ sb. 记得某事/ 某人remember to do sth.记得去做某事（事情未做）remember doing sth.记得做过某事（事情已做）remember me to sb. 代我问候某人13. traveler = traveller 漂泊者，旅行者，游客= tourist 旅游者，观光者14. celebrate v. 庆祝，庆贺celebrate one’s birthday/ 节日/ 胜利celebration n. 庆祝15. mix … with…把A 和B混在一起be mixed with… (被动语态)16. fill… with…用……填充……be filled with = be full ofbe filled with…(被动语态)A is filled withB A被B填满（动作） A is full of B A充满着B （状态）17. cover… with…用……遮盖cover sth. with sth. be covered with 被某物覆盖（被动语态）18. serve v. 服务，提供serve sb. sth. = serve sth. to sb. 提供某人某物serve sb. 为某人工作serve service(n.) servant(佣人)19. temperature n. 温度，气温，体温（既可作可数名词，又可作不可数名词）get/ have a temperature = get/ have a fever 发烧take one’s temperature 试体温，量体温20. the reason for…是……的原因（理由）the reason to do 有理由干某事21. to make this special food 不定式做目的状语e.g. The doctor did what he could to save the injured girl. （表目的）to do 还可在句中作后置定语 e.g. I have a lot of work to do.Unit 8 How do you make a banana milk shake?本单元的话题：描述做事情的顺序和过程.（First首先，Next下面，Then然后，Finally最后）本单元的语法：复习一般现在时.本单元的短语和知识点：1(P57，1a) turn on打开turn up调大turn off关上turn down调小Please turn on the lights.请打开灯.My father is sleeping，please turn down the radio.爸爸正在睡觉，请把收音机声音调小.2. (P58，2a) How many+可数名词复数：多少…How much+不可数名词：多少…He has eight books.他有八本书.→How many books does he have?他有多少本书？How much water does he need?他需要多少水？3. (P58，2a) 量词的用法：不可数名词常用“数字+量词+不可数名词”来表示.如：a piece of bread一片面包比较：two piece s of bread两片面包（bread为不可数名词）a glass of orange 一玻璃杯橘子汁one spoon of butter 一勺黄油4.（P58，2d）说明做某事的顺序为：First…首先，Next…下面，Then…然后，Finally…最后5.（P58，2d末行）one more thing = another one thing基数词+ more + 名词= another + 基数词+ 名词：又多少某物He ate an apple，he wanted to eat two more apples.他吃了一个苹果，还想再吃两个.6.(P59，3c)Do you know how to plant trees?你知道如何种树吗？how to do sth.怎样做某事（疑问词后跟动词须加to，即“疑问词to do sth”）He doesn’.他不知道如何打开电脑.7.（P61，2b，4行）It’s time (for sb) to do sth是某人该做某事的时间了.It’s time for us to have lunch.是我们该吃午饭的时候了.It’s time for sth是该做某事的时间了.It’s time for the class.是该上课的时候了.8.（P61，2b，1段倒数3行）by doing sth：通过…方式He learned English by listening to the radio.它通过听收音机学习英语.9.（P61，2b，2段）fill…with…用…装满，cover…with… 用…盖住10.（P63，3a，3行）need to do sth:需要做某事He needs to buy a new pen.他需要买一枝新钢笔.。