译林小学英语1-6年级英语知识点大汇总(重点、难点、易错点)

译林小学英语1-6年级英语知识点大汇总1、现在进行时表示：正在发生的事情或进行的动作，常与now, listen, look等词连用结构：主语+be动词(am, is, are)+动词ing. 如：It is raining now. 外面正在下雨It is six o’clock now. 现在6点了。

My parents are reading newspapers in the sitting room. 我父母正在客厅看报纸。

Look! The children are having a running race now. 看！孩子们正在赛跑。

问句将be动词移前，否定句在be动词后+not. 如：is not = isn’t，are not= aren’t另外：但是cannot比can't更正式一些。

注意：1.以e结尾的动词去e再＋ing，如：take→taking、make→making2.以辅+元+辅音结尾的单词(重读重音节)，重写最后一个字母再＋ing，如：run、swim，get，put，shop，sit，cut，begin，set，set，stopwait（等）不要双写词尾字母t2、一般现在时表示：经常反复发生的事情或动作，常与often, usually, sometimes, always, every day(week year…) on Sundays等词连用。

结构：主语+动词原形；当主语为第三人称单数即he, she, it, Tom, my mother, the boy等词时，动词后加s或es. 如：We have an English lesson every day. 我们每天都要上英语课Do the boys run faster than the girls? Yes, they do. 男孩比女孩跑的快吗？是的。

问句借助于do, does，否定句借助于don’t, doesn’t，后面动词一定要还原。

否定句和疑问句中：对助动词变形后，后面动词就是原型了。

注意变形规则，常见特殊的有：watch→watches，carry→carries，study→studies一般现在时的变形规则和名词复数规则几乎完全相同。

只是：如果是以O即为的单词，动词都是加es，而名词还需判断是否有生命，没有生命的+s，如：piano-pianos,photo-photos。

有生命的加es，如：土豆potato-potatoes，西红柿tomato-tomatoes，芒果mango—mangoes3、一般过去时表示：发生在过去的事情或存在的状态，常与just now; a moment ago; …ago; yesterday; last ( week; month; year; Monday; weekend); this morning等词连用。

结构：主语+be动词的过去式（was; were）或主语+动词的过去式。

注意：be动词与动词过去式不可同时使用。

如：My earphones were on the ground just now. 我的耳机刚刚还在呢。

Where were you last week? I was at a camp. 你上个星期去哪了？我去野营了What did you do yesterday? I visited a farm 你昨天去干嘛了？我去参观农场了。

问句有be动词将be动词移前，没有be动词借助于did，后面动词还原；Did you do your homework yesterday？否定句有be动词在后面加not，没有借助于didn't后面动词还原。

(didn't是don't的过去式。

)I did not （didn’t）go to the park yesterday？过去式动词变形规则要记牢，常见的如：do→did，am/is→was,are→were,have→had,play-played,go→went4、一般将来时表示：将要打算发生的事情或动作，常与tomorrow, next week(year; Tuesday…), this week( weekend ;evening; afternoon;…)today等词连用。

结构：主语+be(am, is, are) going to + 动原或主语+will +动原。

如：What are you going to do tomorrow? I am going to have a picnic. 你明天要去干嘛？我要去野餐。

The children are going to have a sports meeting next week. 孩子们下个星期将参加运动会。

Tom will/is going to see a play with his father this evening. Tom今晚将和父母去看演出。

问句将be动词或will移前；否定句在be动词或will后加not.Will you ……？Are you ……？Is he ……？5、情态动词can; can’t; should; shouldn’t; must; may后一定加动词原形。

如：The girl can’t swim, but he can skate. 女孩不会游泳，但是会滑冰Don’t talk in class, you should listen to the teacher carefully. 不要再课上说话，你应该认真听老师讲。

6、祈使句肯定祈使句以动词原形开头；否定祈使句以don’t加动词原形开头。

如：Open the box for me ,please. 请为我打开盒子。

Liu Tao! Please get up earlier tomorrow.刘涛，明天请早点起床！Don’t walk on the grass! 不要在草地上走！Helen! Don’t climb the tree, please.海伦！不要爬树。

Be careful. Don’t be careful.Let’s go. Let’s not go.Yellow. Not Yellow.Don't be careful. Let's not go.7、go的用法：去干嘛用go +动词ing 如:go swimming; go fishing; go skating; go camping; go running; go skiing; go rowing…8、比较than （比…）前用比较级；as…as之间用原级（像……一样）。

如：My mother is two years younger than my father. 我妈比我爸年轻两岁。

Liu Tao jumps as far as Ben. 刘涛跳得和本一样远。

9、喜欢做某事用like+动词ing（喜欢做某时）或like+ to + 动原。

如：Su Yang likes growing flowers. 苏阳喜欢种花。

The children like to play with lanterns at Spring Festival. 孩子们喜欢在春节去玩花灯。

10、想要做某事用would like +to+动原或want + to +动原。

例：I’d like to visit the History Museum.=I want to visit the History Museum注意：I would 可以连写成I’d11、some 用于肯定句中，在否定句和问句中改为any,但当表示委婉语气时仍用some 如：Can I have some writing paper? Would you like some orange juice?注意：这里是否定句和疑问句两者。

也：too ，also，as well 是肯定句，否定句用either和：肯定句用and，否定句用or12、代词（注意代词的宾格）人称代词主格做主语用一般放在句首或动词前，主格分别是I you he she it we you they。

宾格做宾语用，一般放在动词或介词后如：Open them for me. Let us …, join me等。

宾格分别是me you him her it us you them。

形容词性物主代词放在名词前，不能单独使用，分别是my your his her its our your their名词性物主代词相当于形物加名词，它只能单独使用后面不好加名词，分别是mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs。

This book is mine. = This is my book.be afraid of ，look at，show me等，动词后介词后的代词一定要用宾格。

13、介词介词后要么不加动词（加名词），加动词只能加动词ing形式如：be good at runningdo well in jumping动词的ing形式，其实就是动名词，就是把动词名词化了。

14、时间介词季节前，月份前用介词in 如：in summer；in March具体的哪一天如星期几，几月几日用介词on 如：on Saturday; on the second of April; on Wednesday morning在几点钟前用介词at如：at a quarter to four;只在上下午晚上用in 如：in the morning/ afternoon/ evening;但在夜间用at night。

另：季节，月份和星期前不能加the.14、名词复数构成的方法有规则的有：(1)直接在名词后加s 如orange—oranges; photo—photos;(2)以x, s, sh, ch 结尾的加es 如：box—boxes; glass—glasses; waitress—waitresses; watch—watches; peach--peaches(3)以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i加es 如：study—studies；library—libraries; hobby—hobbies; family—families;(4)以f, fe结尾的改f, fe 为v＋es如：knife—knives; thief—thieves（注:以o结尾的我们学过的只有mango加es, mango—mangoes其余加s,）(5)不规则的有：man—men; woman—women; people—people; child—childrensheep、fish单复相同，鱼肉不可数，people（人单复相同，名族+s），leaf-leaves15、动词第三人称单数的构成(1)直接在动词后加s 如：run—runs; dance—dances(2)以s,sh,ch,o结尾的加es 如：do—does; go—goes; wash—washes; catch—catches(3)以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i加es 如：study—studies; carry—carries;16、现在分词的构成(1)直接在动词后加ing 如：sing—singing; ski—skiing;(2)双写词尾加ing 如：swim—swimming; jog—jogging; run—running;以辅+元+辅音结尾的单词(重读重音节)，重写最后一个字母再＋ing，如：run、swim，get，put，shop，sit，cut，begin，set，set，stopwait（等）不要双写词尾字母t(3)以不发音的e结尾的去e加ing 如：ride—riding; dance—dancing; make—making;17、规则动词过去式的构成(1)直接在动词后加ed 如：clean—cleaned; milk—milked; play—played;(2)以e结尾的直接加d 如：dance—danced; taste—tasted;(3)以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i加ed 如：study—studied; carry—carried;(4)双写词尾加ed 如：stop—stopped; jog—jogged;不规则的有：am, is—was; are—were; do, does—did; have, has—had;go—went; meet—met; sit—sat; see—saw; get—got;tell—told; run—ran; come—came; steal—stole; read—read;18、形容词副词比较级的构成规则的有：(1)直接在形容词或副词后加er 如；small—smaller; low—lower;(2)以e结尾的加r 如：late—later;(3)双写词尾加er 如：big—bigger; thin—thinner; fat—fatter;(4)以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i加er 如：heavy—heavier; early—earlier;不规则的有：good, well—better(最高级为best);many, much---more(最高级为most); far---farther;19、rain与snow的用法(1)作为名词意思是雨水和雪是不可数名词如：There is a lot of rain there in spring. 那儿的春天有很多雨水。