book3 unit4 重点词汇讲解解析

3. cheer v. 为...欢呼，喝彩，鼓舞
① cheer up 感到高兴，感到振奋
② cheer sb. on 为某人加油，喝彩
③cheer the victory 为胜利欢呼
④Cheers！ 干杯 cheerful adj. 快乐的，高兴的 eg1:我写那首歌只是为了让自己高兴。 I write this song just to cheer myself.
eg2: If Andrew sees these great reviews, he'll cheer up ______________. on eg3: The gril________the cheered runners______.
4. break out (战争，火灾，疾病，争吵）突然发生，
绝不；在任何时候都不（放句首，句子用半倒装） at no time 不时地，间或； from time to time ahead of time 提前；提早 take one’s time 别着急；慢慢来 立刻，马上(＝at once/immediately) in no time 一直；始终 all the time
7.prevent...from… 阻止；制止
eg. His back injury may prevent him from playing in tomorrow’s game. 他背部的伤可能使他参加不了明天的比赛。 用法点拨：
prevent...(from)= stop...(from) = keep...from 阻止……做…… eg. 应该派一些警察去阻止他们砍树。
【即学即练】 单项填空 ③She felt ______ about her future. A.puzzle B.puzzling C.puzzled D.puzzles 解析:选C。句意为：她对她的将来感到迷惑。puzzled（人）迷惑 的，迷惘的；puzzling（物）令人迷惑的。 5.pull n.&vt.拉(力）；拖；牵引力 You push and I’ll pull. 你来推，我来拉。 I felt a pull at my sleeve and turned round. 我觉得有人扯我的袖子，便转过身来。 反义词:push 【速记名片】
常用结构： pull (sb.) back（使某人）退却；撤回（某人） pull sb. down（指疾病）使某人虚弱 pull sth. down毁坏, 拆毁（如旧建筑物） pull together:齐心协力
单项填空 1.So long as we ______, there’s no mountain top we can’t conquer. A.pull out B.pull in C.pull together D.pull back 解析：选C。考查pull短语的辨析。句意为：只要我们团结起来， 就没有我们征服不了的山峰。由句意可知，选C。 6.cheer vt. & vi. (使)高兴、振奋；(对)欢呼 【联想拓展】 cheerful adj.高兴的 cheerless adj.不高兴的 He was greatly cheered by the news. 他听到这个消息非常高兴。 The crowd cheered loudly as the Queen appeared. 女王出现时群众高声欢呼。 常用结构: cheer sb.on为某人加油 cheer (sb.) up（使某人）更高兴或更快活 cheer for为……欢呼，喝彩；给……加油
爆发 相关短语：break away （from）摆脱，脱离
break down 机器故障，身体垮掉，汽车抛锚， 谈判失败 break in 闯入，打断 break into 破门而入，非法闯入 break one's word/ promise 食言，失言 break up 关系破裂，解散
break out his house last night. eg1：A fire_________in break out eg2: When the war __________,the old man was still living in Libya. break in eg3:The gril__________to say the guests had arrived. break down 他们的车出故障了) eg3: Their car___________.(
downthe trees. Some policeman should be sent to stop _______ themcuting _____________ prevent cuting down keep from cuting down
1. crash 1）vt./vi. 碰撞，坠落 crash into... 冲入，撞入 2） n.相撞（事故），飞机的（坠落），坠落声 ①a plane/car crash 飞机失事/汽车相撞事故 ② with a crash 随着撞击声 crashed into the fence. eg:The motorcycle_____________ eg:An airliner_______west of Dever last night. crashed with a crash eg:The glass fell to the floor_______________.
1. ulike her younger brother, she is very diligent. 和她弟弟不同的是，她很刻苦。 拓展： (1)unlikely adj. 不大可能的；未必会发生的； It's unlikely that…… ……的可能性不大 (2)likely adj. 可能的 adv.很可能 It's likely that…… 可能… (3) sb./sth. be likely to do sth. ……有可能做某事 eg.这位影星可能来 is ____ likely_____ to come The movie star ___ _____.
5. watch out 密切注视，当心，提防
相关短语：watch over 照看，看守
keep a watch 守望，注视
“当心，注意”
watch out look out
take care
能跟宾语！）
be careful
（注：watch out和look out后必须加“for”才
eg：The American government warned its watch out for terrorists. citizens__________
The boss ordered us to finish our task ahead of time. 老板命令我们提前完成任务。 Take your time packing, for we still have one and a half hour. 慢慢整理行李，因为我们还有一个半小时。 我们决不能向敌人屈服。 At no time can we give in to the enermy.
2 . harmful adj. 有害的;造成伤害的；
Many people are aware of the harmful effects of smoking. 很多人都意识到了吸烟的危害。 【联想拓展】 （1）be harmful to 对……有害 （2） harm n.&v. 损害，伤害 do harm to sb.= do sb.harm = harm sb. 对某人有害； （3）There is no harm in doing sth. 做某事没有害处 eg. 在学习上取得进步没有任何害处。 There is no harm in making progress on study. (4) 无害的；不致伤的； harmless does harm to 【即学即练】 is harmful to ①吸烟有害健康。 Smoking ______ ______ ______ your health.
6.in one’s turn 轮到某人；
eg. In my turn, I told them a joke.
常用结构：
(1)in turn依次；轮流；转而；反过来； (2)take turns (to do sth./doing sth.)轮流（做某事） (3)It’s one’s turn to do sth.轮到某人做某事
3.exist vi. 存在；生存 (无被动,无进行) Man cannot exist without air. （1） exist on …… 靠……生活、生存 eg.他们靠微薄的收入生存是不可能的。 It's impossible for them to exist on a small income. (2) there exists/esisted…… 某地有…… eg. 在我们公司门口有两个巨大的石狮子。 There exists 2 huge stone lions at our company gate. 拓展： （3） existence n. 存在；生活; come into existence 产生；成立；开始存在； come into___ existence eg.Do you know when the English word"tuhao"_______ ______
vt. &vi. (使)迷惑；(使)为难 n.谜；难题 （1）puzzle sb. 使某人困惑 Her reply puzzled me. 她的回答把我弄糊涂了。 (2) puzzle about/over …. 对…感到迷惑；苦苦思索； 她几个星期也琢磨不透他那封奇怪的来信。 puzzling over his strange letter for weeks. She’s been ______ ______ eg.Their reason for doing it is still a puzzle to me. 他们为什么要做此事我仍莫名其妙。 (3) be a puzzle to sb对某人来说是个谜 【联想拓展】 （4）puzzled adj.迷惑不解的；困惑的 be puzzled about 对……迷惑不解 puzzling adj.令人费解的 【即学即练】 ③She felt ______ C about her future. A.puzzle B.puzzling C.puzzled D.puzzles