离合器课程设计

课程设计汽车离合器设计（设计题目）（学生姓名）专业名称：课程名称：汽车设计离合器设计指导教师 (职称)：完成日期：摘要对于以内燃机为动力的汽车，离合器在机械传动系是作为一个独立总成而存在的，它是汽车传动系中直接与发动机相连的总成。

目前，各种汽车广泛采用的摩擦离合器是一种依靠主、从动部之间的摩擦来传递动力且能分离的装置。

它主要包括主从动部分、从动部分、压紧机构和操纵机构等四个部分。

保证汽车平稳起步起步前汽车处于静止状态，如果发动机与变速箱是刚性连接的，一旦挂上档，汽车将由于突然接上动力突然前冲，不但会造成机件的损伤，而且驱动力也不足以克服汽车前冲产生的巨大惯性力，使发动机转速急剧下降而熄火。

如果在起步时利用离合器暂时将发动机和变速箱分离，然后离合器逐渐接合，由于离合器的主动部分与从动部分之间存在着滑磨的现象，可以使离合器传出的扭矩由零逐渐增大，而汽车的驱动力也逐渐增大，从而让汽车平稳地起步。

便于换档车行驶过程中，经常换用不同的变速箱档位，以适应不断变化的行驶条件。

如果没有离合器将发动机与变速箱暂时分离，那么变速箱中啮合的传力齿轮会因载荷没有卸除，其啮合齿面间的压力很大而难于分开。

另一对待啮合齿轮会因二者圆周速度不等而难于啮合。

即使强行进入啮合也会产生很大的齿端冲击，容易损坏机件。

利用离合器使发动机和变速箱暂时分离后进行换档，则原来啮合的一对齿轮因载荷卸除，啮合面间的压力大大减小，就容易分开。

而待啮合的另一对齿轮，由于主动齿轮与发动机分开后转动惯量很小，采用合适的换档动作就能使待啮合的齿轮圆周速度相等或接近相等，从而避免或减轻齿轮间的冲击。

防止传动系过载汽车紧急制动时，车轮突然急剧降速，而与发动机相连的传动系由于旋转的惯性，仍保持原有转速，这往往会在传动系统中产生远大于发动机转矩的惯性矩，使传动系的零件容易损坏。

由于离合器是靠摩擦力来传递转矩的，所以当传动系内载荷超过摩擦力所能传递的转矩时，离合器的主、从动部分就会自动打滑，因而起到了防止传动系过载的作用。

同时有效降低了传动系中的震动和噪声。

关键词：保证汽车平稳起步便于换档防止传动系过载abstractIn internal combustion engines for cars powered, clutch in mechanical transmission is as an independent assembly and exist, it is the transmission system of connected directly with the engine of the assembly. At present, widely used in various kinds of car friction clutch is a depend on the Lord, driven department of the friction between the power to deliver and can separate device. It includes the master-slave stationary part, driven part, compaction institutions and operation four parts.Ensure smooth start car started car dormant, if the engine and transmission is rigid connection, once hung up the file, the car will be connected to the power before suddenly suddenly blunt, not only will cause damage to the parts, and driving force was enough to overcome before the car produced a blunt force, make the engine speed sharply down. If the use of the clutch temporarily started the engine and transmission separate, then the clutch gradually junction, because of the active part of the clutch and part driven exists between the friction phenomenon, can make the clutch came out of the torque by zero increase gradually, but the car driving force also increase gradually, thus let the car started smoothly.Easy to shift driving process, often for a different gear transmission, in order to adapt to the constantly changing driving conditions. If no clutch of engine and transmission will temporarily separation, then in the power transmission gearbox meshing gears will for load not discharge is divided, the meshing between tooth face a lot of pressure and hard to separate. Another treat meshing gears for both circumference speed will differ and hard to mesh. Even if force their way into meshing will have a great impact the tooth, easy attaint parts. Use the clutch make the engine and transmission temporarily separation after the shift, the original meshing pair gear for load unloading, meshing face the pressure between greatly decreases, and is easy to separate. And for another couple of meshing gears, active gear and engine because separated inertia is small, adopting appropriate shift action can make to the meshing gears circumference speed equal or close to equal, so as to avoid or reduce the impact of the gear wheel.To prevent the transmission of overload car emergency braking, the sudden drop speed, and connected with the engine the transmission system for rotary inertia, still keep original speed, this often in transmission systems produce far outweigh the engine torque of inertia, make the transmission parts damage easily. Because the clutch is to rely on to deliver the friction torque, so when the transmission in load than what message friction torque, the Lord of the clutch, driven part will automatically sliding, and rose to prevent transmission overload role. At the same time to reduce the transmission of the vibration and noise.Keywords: Ensure smooth car started Easy to shift To prevent the transmission of overload目录摘 要 ........................................................................................................ 错误！未定义书签。

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绪 论 . (1)第1章 离合器设计的目的及离合器概述 (2)1.1 离合器设计的基本要求 (2)1.2 技术参数及论文要求 (3)1.3 膜片弹簧离合器结构 (3)1.4 膜片弹簧离合器的优点 (4)1.5 膜片弹簧离合器的工作原理 (4)第2章 离合器摩擦片参数的确定 (6)2.1 摩擦片参数的选择 (6)2.1.1 初选摩擦片外径D 、内径d 、厚度b (6)2.1.2 后备系数β (6)2.1.3 离合器传递的最大静摩擦力矩TC (7)2.1.4 单位压力P0 (7)2.2 离合器基本参数的校核 (8)2.2.1 最大圆周速度 (8)2.2.2 单位摩擦面积传递的转矩c0T (8)2.2.3 单位压力0P (9)2.2.4 单位摩擦面积滑磨功 (9)第3章 膜片弹簧的设计 (11)3.1 膜片弹簧的基本参数的选择 (11)3.1.1 截锥高度H 与板厚h 比值hH 和板厚h 的选择 ............................................. 11 3.1.2 自由状态下碟簧部分大端R 、小端r 的选择和rR 比值............................... 11 3.1.3 膜片弹簧起始圆锥底角α的选择 (11)3.1.4 分离指数目n 的选取 ...................................................................................... 11 3.1.5 切槽宽度δ1、δ2及半径e r . (11)3.1.6 压盘加载点半径R1和支承环加载点半径r1的确定 .. 错误！未定义书签。