2016年公共英语四级考试模拟试题及答案(9)
2016年公共英语四级考试模拟试题及答
案（9）
Reading Comprehension(45 points) 阅读理解
Text 4 I remember the way the light touched her hair. She turned her head, and our eyes met, a momentary awareness in that raucous fifth grade classroom. I felt as though I’d been struck a blow under the heart. Thus began my first love affair. Her name was Rachel, and I mooned my way through the grade and high school, stricken at the mere sight of her, tongue-tied in her presence. Does anyone, anymore, linger in the shadows of evening, drawn by the pale light of a window —her window—like some hapless summer insect? That delirious swooning, asexual but urgent and obsessive, that made me awkward and my voice crack, is like some impossible dream now. I would catch sight of her, walking down an aisle of trees to or from school, and I’d become paralyzed.
She always seemed so poised, so self-possessed. At
home, I’d relive each encounter, writhing at the thought of my inadequacies. We eventually got acquainted and socialized as we entered our adolescence, she knew I had a case on her, and I sensed her affectionate tolerance for me. "Going steady" implied a maturity we still lacked. Her Orthodox Jewish upbringing and my own Catholic scruples imposed an inhibited grace that made even kissing a distant prospect, however fervently desired. I managed to hold her once at a dance—chaperoned, of course. Our embrace made her giggle, a sound so trusting that I hated myself for what I’d been thinking. At any rate, my love for Rachel remained unrequited. We graduated from high school, she went on to college, and I joined the Army.
When World War II engulfed us, I was sent overseas. For a time we corresponded, and her letters were the highlight of those grinding endless years. Once she sent me a snapshot of herself in a bathing suit, which drove me to the wildest of fantasies. I mentioned the possibility of marriage in my nest letter, and almost immediately her replies became less frequent, less personal. Her Dear John letter finally caught up with me while I was awaiting discharge. She gently explained the impossibility of a marriage between us. Looking back on it,
I must have recovered rather quickly, although for the first few months I believed I didn’t want to live. Like Rachel, I found someone else, whom I learned to love with a deep and permanent commitment that has lasted to this day.
56、According to the passage, how old was the author when his first love affair began?
A. Before he entered his teens.
B. In his early teens.
C. In his middle teens.
D. When he was just out of his teens.
(本题分值：1.5分)【答案】A
57、How did the author behave as a boy in love?
A. His first love motivated him toward hard study.
B. His first love evoked sentimental memories.
C. He was overpowered by wild excitement and passion.
D. He fulfilled his expectations and desires.
(本题分值：1.5分)【答案】C
58、According to the passage, what held them back from
a loving kiss?
A. Her Jewish origin did not allow it.
B. His Catholic adherence forbade it.
C. They were not sure whether it was proper or ethical to
kiss in line with their religious decorum.
D. Kissing was found to be inelegant or even distasteful.
(本题分值：1.5分)【答案】C
59、According to the passage, what was Rachel’s response to the author’s tender affection before the war?
A. She recognized and accepted his love affectionately.
B. She thwarted his affection by flatly turning him down.
C. She fondly permitted him to adore her without losing her own heart to him.
D. She didn’t care for him at all and only took delight in playing with his feelings.
(本题分值：1.5分)【答案】C
60、Which of the following best describes the organization of the passage?
A. Statement and example.
B. Cause and effect.
C. Order of importance.
D. Linear description.
(本题分值：1.5分)【答案】D。
2016下半年英语四级模拟试卷及答案
2016下半年英语四级模拟试卷及答案2016年下半年将在12月17日开考，大家要抓紧时间复习。
下面是网提供给大家关于英语四级模拟试卷及答案，希望童鞋们认真练习。
Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:Every year 100 million holiday—makers are drawn to the Mediterranean.With one third of the world's tourist trade, it is the most popular of all the holiday destinations; it is also the most polluted.It has only 1 per cent of the world's sea surface, but carries more than half the oil and tar floating on the waters. Thousands of factories pour their poison into the Mediterranean, and almost every city, town and village on the coast sends its sewage, untreated, into the sea.The result is that the Mediterranean, which nurtured so many civilizations, is gravely ill—the first of the seas to fall victim to the abilities and attitudes that evolved around it. And the pollution does not merely keep back life of the sea—it threatens the people who inhabit and visit its shores The mournful form of disease is caused by sewage. Eighty five per cent of the waste from the Mediterranean's 120 coastal cities is pushed out in to the waters where their people and visitors bathe and fish. What is more, most cities just drop it in straight off the beach; rare indeed are the places like Cannes and Tel Aviv which pipe it even half a mile offshore.Not surprisingly, vast areas of the shallows are awash with bacteria and itdoesn't take long for these to reach people. Professor William Brumfitt ofthe Royal Free Hospital once calculated that anyone who goes for a swim in the Mediterranean has a one in seven chance of getting some sort of disease. Other scientists say this is an overestimate; but almost all of them agree that bathers are at risk.Industry adds its own poisons. Factories cluster round the coastline, and even the most modern rarely has proper waste treatment plant. They do as much damage to the sea as sewage. But the good news is that the countries of the Mediterraneanhave been coming together to work out how to save their common sea.21.The causes of the Mediterranean's pollution is ____.A) the oil and tar floating on the waterB) many factories put their poison into the seaC) untreated sewage from the factories and coastal citiesD) there are some sorts of diseases in the sea22.Which of following consequence of a polluted sea is not true according to the passage?A) Bring up so many civilizations.B) Various diseases in the sea.C) It threatens the inhabitants and travelers.D) One in seven chance of getting some sort of disease swimming in the sea.23.The word “sewage”refer to ____.A) poisonC) liquid materialB) wasteD) solid material24.Why does industry do much damage to the sea?A) Because most factories have proper waste treatment plants.B) Because many factories have not proper waste treatment plantseven the most modern one.C) Because just the modern factory has a waste treatment plant.D) Because neither ordinary factories nor most modern ones have proper waste treatment plants.25.What is the passage mainly about?A) Save the world.B) How the people live in the Mediterranean sea.C) How the industry dangers the sea.D) Beware the dirty sea.Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:THE CLASSROOM is a man's world, where boys get two thirds of the teachers' attention — even when they are in a minority— taunt (辱骂) the girls without punishment, and receive praise for sloppy work that would not be tolerated from girls. They are accustomed to being teachers' pets, and if girls get anything like equal treatment, they will protest eagerly and even wreck lessons.These claims are made in a book out this week, written by Dale Spender, a lecturer at the London University Institute of Education. She argues that disc rimination against girls is so deeply in co educational schools that single sex classes are the only answer.Her case is based on tape recordings of her own and other teachers' lessons. Many of them, like Spender, had deliberately set out to give girls a fair chance. “Sometimes,” says Spender, “I have even thought I have gone too far and have spent more time with the girls than the boys.” The tapes proved otherwise. In 10 taped lessons (in secondary schooland college), Spender never gave the girls more than 42 per cent of her attention (the average was 38 percent) and never gave the boys less than 58 percent. There were similar results for other teachers, both male and female.In other words, when teachers give girls more than a third of their time, they feel that they are cheating the boys of their rightful share. And so do the boys themselves. “She always asks the girls all the questions,” said one boy in a classroom where 34 per cent of the teachers' time was allocated to girls. “She doesn't like boys, and just listens to the girls.” said a boy in another class, where his sex got 63 per cent of teacher attention.Boys regarded two thirds of the teacher's time as a fair deal — and when they got less they caused trouble in class and even complained to higher authority. “It's important to keep their attention,” said one t eacher, “Otherwise,they play you up something awful.”Spender concludes that, in mixed classes, if the girls are as boisterous and pushy as the boys, they are considered “unladylike”, if they are docile and quiet, they are ignored.26.If boys are better treated in class, ____ would be better.A) single sex classes and co educational classesB) co educational classesC) single sex classesD) None of the above27.Dale Spender obtained the evidence for her claims by ____A) her own lessons in secondary school and collegeB) the other teachers' tape recordingsC) both male and female teachersD) tape recordings of her own and other teachers' lessons28.What are the boy's reactions when girls are given moreattention?A) They will keep the teachers' attention again.B) They will make some trouble and complain to the headmaster.C) They will play up the teacher something awful.D) They will feel they are cheated by teachers.29.The word “boisterous” in the last paragraph probably means ____.A) rough B) braveC)troublesome D) emotional30.The best title for this passage would be ____.A) boys are teachers' petsB) boys do better in co educational classesC) single sex classes are better than co eduationed classesD) girls do better than boysGestures aren't the only area in which the unwary traveler can get trippedup. Foreign cultures adhere to different business customs and behavior.For example:Caffeine junkies should restrain themselves in the Middle East.“Three cups of tea or coffee is usually the polite limit in offices and during social calls,” counsels “Travel Pak, ” a free publication of Alia, the Royal Jordanian Airline. “But if your host keeps going, you also may continue sipping. If you've had your fill, give your empty cup a quick twist a sort of wiggle—as you hand it back. That means “No more, thank you.”Middle East visitors also should not be surprised “if others barge ri ght into the office in the middle of your conversation with the person you are seeing,” notes “Travel Pak.” An old Arab custom calls for keeping an “opeThe British, however, consider it impolite to interrupt a visitor, even after all business has been transacted. The commercial caller is expected to be sensitive to this point, know when to stop, and initiate his or her own departure.In Japan certain guests at evening business gatherings will leave early. They should be allowed toleave without effusive good byes. The Japanese consider formal departures to be disruptive in such cases and disturbing to remaining guests.In Scandinavia and Finland business guests may be asked to shed their clothes and join their hosts in a sauna. The invitation is a sign that a goodworking relationship has been established.In the Arab world, the word “no” must be mentioned three times before it is accepted. In contrast, it is considered good business manners to make many and long efforts to pick up the check.In the People's Republic of China, gift giving is considered an insult, says Patrick J. Lewis, President of Club Universe, a Los Angeles tour operator. “If you want to give someone a gift, make sure it's modest in value.This will not be considered offensive, but it m ay be declined, ” The Chinese manner of expressing friendship and welcome is to clap. Lewis adds. “Youmay be greeted with clapping when entering a factory, hospital, commune, or school.Politeness dictates that you respond with applause, even though it may seem likeyou're clapping for yourself.”31.In the Middle East, it is considered ____.A) impolite to drink at least 3 cups of coffeeB) impolite to drink more than 3 cups of coffee unless your host drinks moreC) polite to ask the host to give you as more as he canD) polite to leave a party as early as you want32.In Japan, the guest at an evening party will ____.A) leave early without saying good byeB) stay as long as he canC) stay to have a swimming with the hostD) present their business cards immediately33.In Finland, business guests may ____.A) take flowers to the hostB) send an expensive gift to the hostC) have a swimming or sauna with the hostD) present a business card34.In China, a gift to the host means ____.A) attemption to praise the hostB) a modest mannerC) a respondence of applauseD) offended action to the host's dignity35.Which of the following statement is NOT true according to the passage?A) Uninvited visitors are welcome in Middle Eastern office.B) In Britain, business visitors can stay as long as they like.C) In China, people may greet a foreigner's entering a school with clapping.D) In the Arab world, saying “No” for 3 times until it is accepted.Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:What is the importance of the Afro American history to all Americans? Howcould Afro Americans contribute anything to American history when they were just slaves and servants? This is the image which many of us are taught when we go to school. This is the image many Afro Americans have of themselves also.The Afro Americans need to remake their real historical image so that it isknown and accepted in its truthfulness by themselves and the rest of the world. Men and women of darker color are human beings entitled to respect andacceptance in history.When we think of famous scientists and inventors we immediately think of men such as Alexander Graham Bell, Thomas Edison and Jonas E.Salk. This is because we associate famous people with the Anglo Saxon race. But whatabout the Afro American inventors and scientists? How many men during World War Ⅰ owe their lives to Garrett Morgan who invented the gas mask? Garrett Morgan also invented the traffic light which saves numerous lives on our streets. Daniel Hale Williams was the first successful heart surgeon. Charles Drew saved hundreds of thousands of lives during World War II by his discoveryof the ways and means of preserving blood plasma. Percy Julian has helped millions suffering from the excruciating pain of arthritis. These men and others should be as easilyrecognized as Bell, Edison and Salk.America is made up of many different blends of cultures. These many cultures have come to enrich and diversify the American way of life. We shouldnot think, because history has neglected to include the background of a particular culture, that these people have an inferior history. We should search for the truth and set the record straight against the slanders, the stereotyping and false images which have identified these people. We should understand each of the cultures and learn of their specific contribution to America's life story.Only after we are taught the complete and accurate history of our great country and learn that the blending of cultures and backgrounds gives us ourstrength, can we go forward on the path to peace.36.The function of the first paragraph is to ____.A) present the main idea or the summary of the essayB) present an introduction to the topicC) provide background to the main themeD) present many cultures have contributed to American history37.Which of the following statements is true?A) Graham Bell, T.Edison and J.E.Salk are not very important people.B) Black people who contribute to society should have equal recognition with their white colleagues.C) We should not associate famous people with the Anglo Saxonrace only.D) G.Morgan, D.H.Williams and Charles Drew were not Afro Americans.38.Paragraph three tells us that ____.A) we should oppose slander and stereotypingB) the American way of life is richer because it is made up of many culturesC) some cultures have been completely neglectedD) Afro Americans have an inferior history39.The word “image” refers to ____.A) picture B) portray C) impression D) similar40. The main idea of the passage is ____.A) There are many Afro Americans who are famous as scientists and inventorsB) Many Afro Americans have devoted to American historyC) Afro American experience to American historyD) Afro American history must be recognized as an important part of American history。
2016年12月四级模考题
䎃 剢㣐㷖薉露㔋紩罌霚垷䬾곿罌赈㔋紩禹絡棴杝㹻㖈絁垷罌Part I Writing （30 minutes）Directions:In this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay. In your writing, you should firstly describe the picture briefly, then explain its intended meaning in reality, and give your comments. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes) Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corre-sponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Questions 1 and 2 will be based on the following news item.1. A) To allow students to play sports between classes.B) To let students take a break between classes.C) To allow students time to deal with personal affairs.D) To let students recover from mental problems.2. A) For improving facility.B) For enhancing satisfaction.C) For related marketing.D) For buying furniture.Questions 3 and 4 will be based on the following news item.3. A) Tighter monitoring of paying conditions will result in low payment.B) The interviews in best-selling newspapers indicate an undercut.C) Eastern European countries cut immigrants’ payment in 2004.D) Immigrants from Eastern Europe will enter the job market.4. A) Firms need skilled workers rather than cheaper labour.B) Firms want outsiders to do unskilled work.C) Firms need skilled workers as well as cheaper labour.D) Firms want unskilled workers at lower rates of pay.Questions 5 to 7 will be based on the following news item.5. A) 1 time. C) 4 times.B) 2 times. D) 5 times.6. A) DiCaprio is going to get Oscar award.B) DiCaprio is going to get another Oscar nomination.C) The Revenant is going to hit the ticket record.D) The Revenant has lost its reputation.7. A) DiCaprio’s nickname.B) The main character of What’s Eating Gilbert Grape.C) The main character of The Revenant.D) The name of a bear.Section BDirections:In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversa-tion, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Conversation OneQuestions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8. A) He likes Sweden better than England.B) He prefers hot weather to cold weather.C) He is an Englishman living in Sweden.D) He visits London nearly every winter.9. A) The bad weather. C) The cold houses.B) The gloomy winter. D) The long night.10. A) Delightful. C) Depressing.B) Painful. D) Refreshing.11. A) They often stay up late reading.B) They work hard and play hard.C) They like to go camping in summer.D) They try to earn more and spend more.Conversation TwoQuestions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A) Some new problems in her work.B) Cooperation with an international bank.C) Her chance for promotion in the bank.D) Her intention to leave her present work.13. A) The World Bank. C) A U.S. finance corporation.B) Bank of Washington. D) An investment bank in New York.14. A) Supervising financial transactions.B) Taking charge of public relations.C) Making loans to private companies in developing countries.D) Offering service to international companies in the United States.15. A) It is a first major step to realizing the woman’s dream.B) It is an honor for the woman and her present employer.C) It is a loss for her current company.D) It is really beyond his expectation.Section CDirections:In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A) Carry out a thorough checkup.B) Try to keep the gas tank full.C) Keep extra gas in reserve.D) Fill up the water tank.17. A) Attempting to leave your car to seek help.B) Opening a window a bit to let in fresh air.C) Running the engine every now and then.D) Keeping the heater on for a long time.18. A) It exhausts you physically. B) It makes you fall asleep easily.C) It causes you to lose body heat. D) It consumes too much oxygen.Passage TwoQuestions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. A) They help us see the important values of a culture.B) They guide us in handling human relationships.C) They help us express ourselves more effectively.D) They are an infinite source of human knowledge.20. A) Their wording may become different.B) The values they reflect may change.C) Their origins can no longer be traced.D) They may be misinterpreted occasionally.21. A) Certain values are shared by a large number of cultures.B) Some proverbs are assuming more and more importance.C) Old proverbs are constantly replaced by new ones.D) Certain values have always been central to a culture.Passage ThreeQuestions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. A) It reflects American people’s view of French politics.B) It is first published in Washington and then in Paris.C) It explains American politics to the French public.D) It is popular among French government officials.23. A) Work on her column. B) Do housework at home.C) Entertain her guests. D) Go shopping downtown.24. A) To report to her newspaper. B) To refresh her French.C) To visit her parents. D) To meet her friends.25. A) She might be recalled to France.B) She might change her profession.C) She might close her Monday column.D) She might be assigned to a new post.Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes) Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a wordbank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully be-fore making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by aletter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on AnswerSheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any ofthe words in the bank more than once.Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.Walking, if you do it vigorously enough, is the overall best exercise for regu-lar physical activity. It requires no equipment, everyone knows how to do it and it carries the 26 risk of injury. The human body is designed to walk. You can walk in parks or along a river or in your neighbourhood. To get 27 benefits from walk-ing, aim for 45 minutes a day, an average of five days a week.Strength training is another important 28 of physical activity. Its purpose is to build and 29 bone and muscle mass, both of which shrink with age. In gener-al, you will want to do strength training two or three days a week, 30 recovery days between sessions.Finally, flexibility and balance training are 31 important as the body ages. Aches and pains are high on the list of complaints in old age. They are the result of constant muscle tension and stiffness of joints, many of them are 32 , and simple flexibility training can 33 these by making muscles stronger and keeping jointslubricated (润滑). Some of this you do whenever you stretch. If you watch dogs and cats, you’ll get an idea of how natural it is. The general 34 is simple: whenever the body has been in one position for a while, it is good to 35 stretch it in an opposite position.Section BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statementsattached to it. Each statement contains information given in one ofthe paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information isderived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each para-graph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking thecorresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Can Digital Textbooks Truly Replace the Print Kind?[A] The shortcomings of traditional print edition textbooks are obvious: Forstarters they’re heavy, with the average physics textbook weighing 3.6 pounds. They’re also expensive, especially when you factor in the average college student’s limited budget, typically costing hundreds of dollars every semester.[B] But the worst part is that print versions of textbooks are constantly undergoingrevisions. Many professors require that their students use only the latest ver-sions in the classroom, essentially rendering older texts unusable. For stu-dents, it means they’re basically stuck with a four-pound paperweight that they can’t sell back.[C] That is why digital textbooks, if they live up to their promise, could help easemany of these shortcomings. But till now, they’ve been something like a mirage (幻影) in the distance, more like a hazy (模糊的) dream than an A) allowingB) avoidableC) brieflyD) componentE) determinedF) helpingG) increasinglyH) lowest I ) maintain J ) maximum K) prevent L ) principle M) provoke N) seriously O ) topicactual reality. Imagine the promise: Carrying all your textbooks in a 1.3 pound iPad? It sounds almost too good to be true.[D] But there are a few pilot schools already making the transition (过渡) over todigital books. Universities like Cornell and Brown have jumped onboard.And one medical program at the University of California, Irvine, gave their entire class iPads with which to download textbooks just last year.[E] But not all were eager to jump aboard. “People were tired of using the iPadtextbook besides using it for reading,” says Kalpit Shah, who will be going into his second year at Irvine’s medical programme this fall. “They weren’t using it as a source of communication because they couldn’t read or write in it. So a third of the people in my programme were using the iPad in class to take notes, the other third were using laptops and the last third were using pa-per and pencil.”[F] The reason it hasn’t caught on yet, he tells me, is that the functionality of e-edition textbooks is incredibly limited, and some students just aren’t motivat-ed to learn new study behaviour. But a new application called Inkling might change all that. The company just released an up-dated version last week, and it’ll be utilised in over 50 undergraduate and graduate classrooms this coming school year.[G] “Digital textbooks are not going to catch on,” says Inkling CEO MattMacInnis as he’s giving me a demo (演⽰示) over coffee. “What I mean by that is the current perspective of the digital textbook is it’s an exact copy of the print book. There’s Course Smart, ect., these guys who take an image of the page and put it on a screen. If that’s how we’re defining digital textbooks, there’s no hope of that becoming a mainstream product.”[H] He calls Inkling a platform for publishers to build rich multimedia contentfrom the ground up, with a heavy emphasis on real-world functionality. The traditional textbook merely serves as a skeleton.[I] At first glance Inkling is an impressive experience. After swiping (触击) intothe iPad app (应⽤用软件), which you can get for free here, he opens up a few different types of textbooks. Up first is a chemistry book. The boot time is pretty fast, and he navigates through (浏览) a few chapters before swiping into a fully rendered 3D molecule that can be spun around to view its various building blocks. “Publishers give us all of the source media, artwork, videos,”he says. “We help them think through how to actually build something for this platform.”[J] Next he pulls up a music composition textbook, complete with playable demos.It’s a learning experience that attacks you from multiple sensory directions.It’s clear why this would be something a music major would love.[K] But the most exciting part about Inkling, to me, is its notation (批注) system.Here’s how it works: When you purchase a used print book, it comes with its previous owner’s highlights and notes in the margins. It uses the experience of someone who already went through the class to help improve your reading (how much you trust each notation is obviously up to you).[L] But with Inkling, you can highlight a piece of content and make notes. Here’s where things get interesting, though: If a particularly important passage is highlighted by multiple Inkling users, that information is stored on the cloud and is available for anyone reading the same textbook to come across. That means users have access to notes from not only their classmates and Face-book friends, but anyone who purchased the book across the country. The best comments are then sorted democratically by a voting system, meaning that your social learning experience is shared with the best and brightest thinkers.[M] As a bonus, professors can even chime in (插话) on discussions. They’ll be able to answer the questions of students who are in their class directly via the interactive book. Of course, Inkling addresses several of the other shortcomings in traditional print as well. Textbook versions are constantly updated, motivating publishers by minimising production costs (the big ones like McGraw-Hill are already onboard). Furthermore, students will be able to purchase sections of the text instead of buying the whole thing, with individual chapters costing as little as $2.99.[N] There are, however, challenges. “It takes efforts to build each book,” MacInnis tells me. And it’s clear why. Each interactive textbook is a media-heavy expe-rience built from the ground up, and you can tell that it takes a respectable amount of manpower to put together each one. For now the app is also iPad-exclusive, and though a few of these educational institutions are giving the hardware away for free, for other students who don’t have such a luxury it’s an added layer of cost — and an expensive one at that.[O] But this much is clear: The traditional textbook model is and has been broken for quite some time. Whether digitally interactive ones like Inkling actually take off or not remains to be seen, and we probably won’t have a definite answer for the next few years. However, the solution to any problem begins with a step in a direction. And at least for now, that hazy mirage in the distance? A little more tangible (可触摸的), a little less of a dream.36. One problem for students to replace traditional textbooks with interactive digi-tal ones is the high cost of the hardware.37. The biggest problem with traditional print textbooks is that they cannot bereused once a new edition comes out.38. Matt MacInnis describes the updated version of Inkling as a platform for build-ing multimedia content.39. According to Kalpit Shah, some students still use paper and pencil becausethey find it troublesome to take notes with an iPad.40. The notes and highlights made by previous owners on used print books canhelp improve one's reading.41. By now, digital textbooks, which are considered to be useful in easing some ofthe shortcomings of print books, are still more like a dream.42. One of the challenges to build an interactive digital textbook from the groundup is that it takes a great deal of manpower.43. The limited functionality of e-edition books is the reason why it hadn’t caughton.44. Inkling CEO Matt MacInnis explains that the problem with Course Smart’scurrent digital textbooks is that they are no more than print versions put on a screen.45. One additional advantage of the interactive digital textbook is that professorscan join in students’ online discussions.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there arefour choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the bestchoice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with asingle line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Junk food is everywhere. We’re eating way too much of it. Most of us know what we’re doing and yet we do it anyway.So here’s a suggestion offered by two researchers at the Rand Corporation: Why not take a lesson from alcohol control policies and apply them to where food is sold and how it’s displayed?“Many policy measures to control obesity (肥胖症) assume that people consciously and ration-ally choose what and how much they eat and therefore focus on providing information and more access to healthier foods,” note the two researchers.“In contrast,” the researchers continue, “many regulations that don’t assume people make rational choices have been successfully applied to control alcohol, a substance — like food — of which immoderate consumption leads to serious health problems.”The research references studies of people’s behaviour with food and alcohol and results of alcohol restrictions, and then lists five regulations that the re-searchers think might be promising if applied to junk foods. Among them: Density restrictions: licenses to sell alcohol aren’t handed out unplanned to all comers but are allotted (分配) based on the number of places in an area that already sell alcohol. These make alcohol less easy to get and reduce the number of psychological cues to drink.Similarly, the researchers say, being presented with junk food stimulates our desire to eat it. So why not limit the density of food outlets, particularly ones that sell food rich in empty calories? And why not limit sale of food in places that aren’t primarily food stores?Display and sales restrictions: California has a rule prohibiting alcohol dis-plays near the cash registers in gas stations, and in most places you can’t buy alco-hol at drive-through facilities. At supermarkets, food companies pay to have their wares in places where they’re easily seen. One could remove junk food to the back of the store and ban them from the shelves at checkout lines. The other measures include restricting portion sizes, taxing and prohibiting special price deals for junk foods, and placing warning labels on the products.46. What does the author say about junk food?A) People should be educated not to eat too much.B) It is widely consumed despite its ill reputation.C) Its temptation is too strong for people to resist.D) It causes more harm than is generally realised.47. What do the Rand researchers think of many of the policy measures to control obesity?A) They should be implemented effectively.B) They provide misleading information.C) They are based on wrong assumptions.D) They help people make rational choices.48. Why do policymakers of alcohol control place density restrictions?A) Few people are able to resist alcohol’s temptations.B) There are already too many stores selling alcohol.C) Drinking strong alcohol can cause social problems.D) Easy access leads to customers’ over-consumption.49. What is the purpose of California’s rule about alcohol display in gas stations?A) To effectively limit the density of alcohol outlets.B) To help drivers to give up the habit of drinking.C) To prevent possible traffic jams in nearby areas.D) To get alcohol out of drivers’ immediate sight.50. What is the general guideline the Rand researchers suggest about junk food control?A) Guiding people to make rational choices about food.B) Enhancing people’s awareness of their own health.C) Borrowing ideas from alcohol control measures.D) Resorting to economic, legal and psychological means.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.Kodak’s decision to file for bankruptcy (破产) protection is a sad, though not unexpected, turning point for a leading American corporation that pioneered consumer photography and dominated the film market for decades, but ultimately failed to adapt to the digital revolution.Although many attribute Kodak’s downfall to “complacency (⾃自满)”, that explanation doesn’t acknowledge the lengths to which the company went to reinvent itself. Decades ago, Kodak anticipated that digital photography would overtake film — and in fact, Kodak invented the first digital camera in 1975 —but in a fateful decision, the company chose to shelf its new discovery to focus on its traditional film business.It wasn’t that Kodak was blind to the future, said Rebecca Henderson, a pro-fessor at Harvard Business School, but rather that it failed to execute on a strategy to confront it. By the time the company realised its mistake, it was too late.Kodak is an example of a firm that was very much aware that they had to adapt, and spent a lot of money trying to do so, but ultimately failed. Large com-panies have a difficult time switching to new markets because there is a temptation to put existing assets into the new businesses.Although Kodak anticipated the inevitable rise of digital photography, its corporate (企业的) culture was too rooted in the successes of the past for it to make the clean break necessary to fully embrace the future. They were a company stuck in time. Their history was so important to them. Now their history has become a liability.Kodak’s downfall over the last several decades was dramatic. In 1976, the company commanded 90% of the market for photographic film and 85% of the market for cameras. But the 1980s brought new competition from Japanese film company Fuji Photo, which undermined Kodak by offering lower prices for film and photo supplies. Kodak’s decision not to pursue the role of official film for the 1984 Los Angeles Olympics was a major miscalculation. The bid went instead to Fuji, which exploited its sponsorship to win a permanent foothold in the market-place.51. What do we learn about Kodak?A) It went bankrupt all of a sudden.B) It is approaching its downfall.C) It initiated the digital revolution in the film industry.D) It is playing the dominant role in the film market.52. Why does the author mention Kodak’s invention of the first digital camera?A) To show its early attempt to reinvent itself.B) To show its effort to overcome complacency.C) To show its quick adaptation to the digital revolution.D) To show its will to compete with Japan’s Fuji Photo.53. Why do large companies have difficulty switching to new markets?A) They find it costly to give up their existing asserts.B) They tend to be slow in confronting new challenges.C) They are unwilling to invest in new technology.D) They are deeply stuck in their glorious past.54. What does the author say Kodak’s history has become?A) A burden. C) A joke.B) A mirror. D) A challenge.55. What was Kodak’s fatal mistake?A) Its blind faith in traditional photography.B) Its failure to see Fuji Photo’s emergence.C) Its refusal to sponsor the 1984 Olympics.D) Its overconfidence in its corporate culture.Part IV Translation (30 minutes)Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet2.中国是酒的故乡。
CET4 模拟测试题9 Model Test9
Model Test N i n ePart I Writing (30minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay. Suppose you have two ways to learn about other countries: one is to travel abroad and the other to obtain the information online. You are to make a choice. Write an essay to explain the reasons for your choice. You should write at least120 words but no more than 180 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)Section AQuestions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1.A) Because the storm had cut power to them.B)Because the roads to them had been flooded.C)Because there might be mud slides.D)Because there might be tsunami.2.A) It is expected to last until Saturday afternoon.B)It has caused over 300 traffic deaths.C)It is the strongest one in years.D)It will be at its strongest on Saturday afternoon.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3.A) A car crash. B) A bushfire. C) A burglary. D) A terrorist attack.4.A) More than 15 homes had moved our.B)More than 50 homes had joined the fight.C)They had not had the fire under control yet.D)They had found a way to put out the fire.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5.A) They are useful in terms of security but have rusted.B)They are useful in terms of security but not beautiful.C)They are no longer strong enough to protect the tower.D)They are no longer needed as a photo spot.6.A) It is the most visited monument in the world.B)It is totally free of charge for visiting.C)The entry to the forecourt of the tower is free.D)The entry to the forecourt of the tower will be charged.7.A) Less visitor entrances. C) Ornamental lights.B)More security guards. D) Better elevators.Section BQuestions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8.A) He played tennis for his high school team.B)He played football for his high school team.C)He played tennis starting from his junior year.D)He played tennis starting from his senior year.9.A) Tennis. B) Basketball. C) Golf. D) Volleyball.10.A) Because he has a lot in common with the woman.B)Because he thinks the woman is a good player.C)Because his team lacks girl players.D)Because his team can learn a lot from the woman.11.A) Join the man to watch a match. B) Visit a new stadium with the man.C) Watch the man play in a match. D) Join the man to play in a match. Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12.A) An interview between a customer and a shopping a ssistant.B)An interview between an airport staff and a passenger.C)A conversation between two working staff about the airport’s future improvement.D)A conversation between an air-hostess and a passenger about the inflight meal service.13.A) Because many people want to stay in shape.B)Because he wants to take every chance to improve his health.C)Because many people are tired after long flights.D)Because massaging will be a good way to kill time.14.A) Seasonal ones. B) Fresh ones. C) Local ones. D) Juicy ones.15.A) Disappointing. B) Satisfying. C) Outdated. D) Lovely.Section CQuestions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16.A) Because the planets are the same size as Earth.B)Because the planets are similar in many aspects to Earth.C)Because the planets are capable of supporting life.D)Because the planets have water on their surface.17.A) They are rocky planets . B) They are gaseous like Jupiter.C) They are covered by water. D) They are covered by sea ice.18.A) Because it has the right temperature and enough greenhouse gases.B)Because it has the right amount of water and enough greenhouse gases.C)Because it has the right atmosphere and enough greenhouse gases.D)Because it has the right gravity and enough greenhouse gases.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19.A) They should be widely used in the field of social services.B)They should be blamed for the increasing unemployment.C)They should be taxed the same amount as the people they replace.D)They should be taxed more than the ordinary people.20.A) They will surely face massive unemployment.B)They will need less income tax to spend.C)They will have less income tax to spend.D)They will have no need to cope with the changes.21.A) Psychologists. C) Room cleaners.B) Police officers. D) Doctors.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22.A) People who sleep late are smarter and more creative.B)People who sleep late are always late for their jobs.C)People who sleep late are easily irritated.D)People who sleep hate are slow and ineffective in their jobs.23.A) You will feel exhausted all day long. B) You can’t justify your lateness.C) You will be late for your work. D) You can’t find persuasive excuses.I) flexibility J) identical K) informed L) likely M) mistake N) selectively O) shapingA) betterB) competitivelyC) contraryD) curiosityE) evidenceF) explainedG) facilityH) fact24. A) Because they can fully enjoy themselves late at night.B) Because they can fully concentrate their attention late at night.C) Because they can read the most fascinating book late at night.D) Because they can make rapid progress in mentality late at night.25. A) Group intelligence tests. C) Deductive reasoning tests.B) Emotional intelligence tests. D) Inductive reasoning tests.Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension ( 40 minutes )Section AQuestions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.Ask a left-wing Briton what they believe about the safety of nuclear power, and you can guess their answer. Ask a right-wing American about the risks posed by climate change, and you can also make a 26 guess than if you didn’t know their politic al affiliation. Issues like these feel like they should be 27 by science, not our political tribes, but sadly, that’s not what happens.Psychology has long shown that education and intelligence won’t stop your politics from 28 your broader worldview, even if those beliefs do not match the hard evidence. Instead ,your ability to weigh up the facts may depend on a less well-recognised trait- 29 .There is now a mountain of 30 to show that politics doesn’t just help predict people’s views on some scientific issues; it also affects how they interpret new information. This is why it is a 31 to think that you can somehow “ correct” people’s views on an issue by giving th em more facts, since study after study has shown that people have a tendency to 32 reject facts that don’t fit with their existing views.But smarter people shouldn’t be susceptible to prejudice swaying their opinions, right? Wrong. Other research shows that people with the most education, highest mathematical abilities, and the strongest tendencies to be reflective about their beliefs are the most 33 to resist information which should contradict their prejudices . This undermines the simplistic assumption that prejudices are the result of too much gut instinct and not enough deep thought. Rather, people who have the 34 for deeper thought about an issue can use those cognitive powers to justify what they already believe and find reasons to dismiss apparently_ 35 evidence.Section BHow to Fix the Internet[A] We have to fix the internet. After 40 years, it has begun to corrode, both itself and us . It is still a marvelous and miraculous invention, but now there are bugs in the foundation, bats in the belfry, and trolls in the basement.[B] I do not mean this to be one of those technophobic rants insulting the interne for rewiring our brains to give us the nervous attention span of Donald Trump on Twitter or pontificating about how we have to log off and smell the flowers. Those worries about new technologies have existed ever since Plato was concerned that the technology of writing would threaten memorization and oratory (演讲术) .I love the interne and all of its digital offshoots. What I feel sad for is its decline.[C]There is a bug in its original design that at first seemed like a feature but has gradually, and now rapidly, been exploited by hackers and trolls and malevolent actors: Its packets are encoded with the address of their destination but not of their authentic origin. With a circuit-switched network, you can track or trace back the origins of the information, but that’s not true with the packet-switched design of the internet.[D]Compounding this was the architecture that Tim Berners-Lee and the inventors of the early browsers created for the World Wide Web. It brilliantly allowed the whole of the earth’s computers to be webbed together and navigated through hyperlinks. But the links were one-way. You knew where the links took you . But if you had a webpage or pi ece of content, you didn’t exactly know who was linking to you or coming to use your content.[E]All of that protected the potential for anonymity. You could make comments anonymously. Go to a webpage anonymously. Consume content anonymously. With a little effort, send email anonymously . And if you figured out a way to get into someone’s servers or databases, you could do it anonymously.[F]For years, the benefits of anonymity on the net outweighed its drawbacks. People felt more free to express themselves, which was especially valuable if they were holding different opinions or hiding a personal secret. This was celebrated in the famous 1993 New Yorker cart oon, “On the Internet, nobody knows you’re a dog.”[G]Now the problem is nobody can tell if you’re a troll. Or a hacker . Or a bot .Or a Macedonian (马其顿的) teenager publishing a story that the Pope has supported Trump . This has poisoned civil discourse, enabled hacking, permitted cyberbullying , and made email a risk.[H]The lack of secure identification and authentication ( 身份认证) inherent in the internet’s genetic code had also prevented easy transactions, obstructed financial inclusion, destroyed the business models of content creators, unleashed the overflow of spam ( 垃圾邮件) ，and forced us to use passwords and two-factor authentication schemes that would have confused Houdini. The trillions being spent and the IQ points of computer science talent being allocated to tackle security issues make it a drag, rather that a spur, to productivity in some sectors.[I]It Pla to’s Republic, we learn the tale of the Ring of Gyges. Put it on , and you’re invisible and anonymous. The question that Plato asks is whether those who put on the ring will be civil and moral. He thinks not, The internet has proven him correct. The web is no longer a place of community, no longer a marketplace. Every day more sites are eliminating comments sections.[J]If we could start from scratch, here’s what I think we would do：Greate a system that enables content producers to negotiate with aggregators ( 整合者) and search engines to get a royalty whenever their content is used, like ASCAP has negotiated for public performances and radio airings of its members’ works. Embed (嵌入) a simple digital wallet and currency for quick and easy small payments for songs, blogs, articles , and whatever other digital content is for sale. Encode emails with an authenticated return or originating address. Enforce critical properties and security at the lowest levels of the system possible, such as in the hardware or in the programming language, instead of leaving it to programmers to incorporate security into every line of code they write. Build chips and machines that update the notion of an internet packet. For those who want, their packets could be encoded or tagged with metadata ( 元数据) that describe what they contain and give the rules for how it can be used.[K]M ost internet engineers think that these reforms are possible, from Vint Cerf, the original TCP/IP coauthor, to Milo Medin of Google, to Howard Shrobe, the director of cybersecurity at MIT. “We don’t need to live in cyber hell,”Shrobe has argued. Implementing them is less a matter of technology than of cost and social will .Some people, understandably, will resist any reduction of anonymity, which they sometimes label privacy.[L]S o the best approach, I think, would be to try to create a voluntary system, for those who want to use it, to have verified identification and authentication. People would not be forced to use such a system. If they wanted to communicate and surf anonymously, they could. But those of us who choose, at times, not to be anonymous and not to deal with people who are anonymous should have that right as well. That’s the way it works in the real world.[M]T he benefits would be many. Easy and secure ways to deal with your finances and medical records. Small payment systems that could reward valued content rather than the current incentive to concentrate on clickbait for advertising. Less hacking, spamming, cyberbullying, trolling, and spewing of anonymous hate . And the possibility of a more civil discourse.36.The one-way hyperlinks enable users to do many things online anonymously.37.Although anonymity can make people conceal their identity online, now it has poisoned their online life.38.To adopt the voluntary system would be advantageous to our online life in a number of aspects.39.There are several ways to reduce anonymity if we can rebuild the internet from the very beginning.40.The author suggested inventing a system to let people go online anonymously or not as they wish.41.The author thinks the internet should be fixed not because he is afraid of new technologies but becauseproblems arise in it.42.Pubic opposition could become one of the biggest obstacles to carrying out the reforms.43.The hazard of anonymity mentioned by Plato has been shown on the internet.44.People used to think that anonymity online did more good than harm.45.It is the design of the internet that makes it impossible to find out where the information comes from. Section CPassage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.In today’s world, online social media has become more powerful and the most destructive thing over worldwide. Although with time all generations have come to embrace the changes social network has brought about, teenagers and young adults are the most fanatic users of these sites. According to various research studies in the field of online social networks, it has been revealed that these sites are impacting the lives of the youth greatly. When using these sites such as Twitter, Facebook or Myspace, there are both positive and negative effects on the youth.Firstly, social media helps the youth and any other user updated with what is happening around the world, and helps the teenagers stay connected and interact with each other even if they are many miles apart. This strengthens their relationship. Even if they finished school and moved to different locations, they stay connected and update one another.In addition, social media sites have provided a platform whereby the youth can create groups and pages based on their common discipline and end up building connections and opportunities for their respective careers by updating various topics to discuss. Youth who have been interviewed say that social media has become their lifestyle and it makes their lives easier and more efficient.While on the one hand social network sites seem to bring people together and stay connected, on the other hand it causes many physical and mental health problems such as eyes infection, back problems, etc. Other negative effects of social networking various people suggested included encouraging poor spelling and grammar, exposing underage to online predators ( 捕食者) , allowing spread of misinformation that is seen as fact, decreasing productivity as those who are supposed to e working spend time in the sites to chat, providing a perfect platform for cyberbullying and providing details that increase risks of identity theft.“The more social media we have, the more we think we’re connecting, yet we are really disconnecting from each other.”In conclusion, social networking clearly portrays both positive and negative effects on the youth. It is the decision of individuals whether to use it in a right way or wrong.46.According to the first paragraph, .A)both online and offline social media have developed quicklyB)social medial sites are always being attackedC)the effects of social medial were welcomed in the beginningD)the most crazy fans of social medial are the youth47.What is young people’s purpose in adopting the platform offered by social media sites?A. To improve their academic performance.B)To lay the foundation for their future careers.C)To practice their debate skills.D)To change their way of living.48.What does the author mainly imply about the disadvantages of social networking?A)Increasing the prevalence of oral errors. B) Putting minors in danger.C) Spreading falsehoods and rumors. D) Leaki ng users’ personal information.49.The author’s attitude towards social media is .A)objective B) positive C) negative D) impassive50.What’s the main topic of this passage?A)The introduction of online social media history.B)The research on online social media.C)The influence of online social media on the youth.D)The correct way to use online social media.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.Cutting toxic levels of city air pollution to safer levels is simple, but not easy-it requires resolve. Yet, despite the key culprit (罪犯) in the UK being well known-diesel (柴油机的) vehicles-the government has been asleep at the wheel for years.Levels of nitrogen dioxide (二氧化氮) have been illegally high across much of the UK since 2010. In 2015 86% of major urban areas broke annual limits. Cutting this pollution means choking off diesel emissions and there is a wide range of effective measures available.Creating zones in city centres where polluting care are either banned or charged is important, while making cities safe for cycling cuts traffic too.Cleaner buses and taxis have an important role to play and change to the perverse taxes that encourage people to buy diesel over cleaner cars is needed. There is also some support for a revival of a scrappage scheme which saw dirty old bangers taken off the road.The environment and transport departments were well aware of all this and proposed many of these measures internally, only for the Treasury to reject most of them, arguing they “ would be political ly very difficult, especially given the impacts on motorists.”Motorists happen to be particularly badly exposed to air pollution, but the real political difficulty for the government is two humiliating legal defeats in two years where judges ruled its air pollution plans were so bad they were illegal.Ministers have now been forced to come up with a third plan, but clean air zones and car tax changes take time to clean up the air. Yet the UK government is also in the slow lane when it comes to emergency measures.When foul air descended on Paris in December, officials there swung into action. Public transport was made free and the number of cars allowed on roads was restricted, alternately barring those with odd and even licence plates. In the UK, during the same December smog, the government sent a few tweets.At the root of the problem are diesel cars, which successive governments across Europe have utterly failed to ensure meet legal emissions limits when driving in real-world conditions on the road. The gaming of regulatory tests by carmakers was blown open by the Volkswagen scandal. The scandal of governments prioritising supposed driver freedom over the lungs and health of their citizens is only now playing out.51.What does the author think of fixing air pollution in the first paragraph？A)It is a piece of cake. B) It needs political will.C) It is the main problem. D) It has a lone way to go.52.The aim of those in favor of a scrappage scheme is .A)to reduce diesel emissions B) to encourage the use of old carsC) to retire low-end old vehicles D) to cut own on traffic accidents53.It can be inferred from the passage that the Treasury .A)was quite clear about the current situation of air pollutionB)opposed almost every proposal about reducing air pollutionC)believed the anti-pollution measures to be unaffordableD)made such objections partly due to the effects on drivers54.Why do the UK ministers have to put forward a third air pollution plan?A)Because drivers are suffering the most from sir pollution.B)Because the first two plans were found illegal by the judges.C)Because long-term solutions are ignored by the government.D)Because emergency measures are falling behind.55.Which of the following measures did the French government take when smog suddenly arrived in December?A)Establishing clean air zones. C) Limiting vehicles based on license plate number.B)Reforming car taxes. D) Posting several announcements on Twitter.Part ⅣTranslation (30 minutes)西汉时期，中国的船队就达到了印度和斯里兰卡（Sri Lanka）,用中国的丝绸换取了琉璃（colored glaze）、珍珠等物品。
2016年公共英语等级考试pets-4试题及答案
2016年公共英语等级考试pets-4试题及答案 section i listening comprehension (30 minutes) directions: this section is designed to test your ability to understand spoken english. you will hear a selection of selected materials and you must answer the questions that accompany them. there are three parts in this section: part a, part b, and part c. remember while you are doing the test you should first put down your answers in your test booklet. at the end of the listening comprehension section, you will have 5 minutes to transfer all your answers from your booklet to answer sheet 1 if you have any questions, you may raise your hand now as you will not be allowed to speak once the test has started. now look at part a in your test booklet. part a you will hear a passage about vegetable growing. listen and complete the sentences in questions 1～5 with the information you have heard. write not more three words for each answer. you will hear the recording twice. 1. by growing vegetables which live in cool climate in the hot places, they will grow faster and . 2. what the engineers used is simply. 3. they placed pipes in the soil and cold water flowing through them cools . 4. what is especially appealing about this process is that nothing damaging to is being used. 5. another innovative use for cold ocean water is . part b you will hear a passage. answer questions 6～10 while you listen. write as simply as possible for each answer. you will hear the recording twice. you now have 25 seconds to read each questions. 6.as a result of rising university costs, what are many students finding it necessary to do ? 7. for some students, what could these part _ time jobs lead to? 8. what kind of part _ time job requires the least time? 9. to ask for information, what should the students bring? 10. who ll give hints to successful interviewing? part c you will three dialogues or passages. before listening to each one, you will have time to read the questions related to it. while listening, answer each question by choosing a, b,c or d. after listening, you will have time to read your answer. you will hear piece only once. questions 11～13 are based on the following passage. you now have 15 seconds to read questions 11～13. 11. how did the friend get into the flat? [a] through the kitchen window. [b] through the living _ room window. [c] the door was not locked. [d] the neighbor gave him the key. 12. why did the speaker ask his friend to help himself to food and drink? [a] the friend was very hungry. [b] there were eggs and chicken in the refrigerator. [c] he would come home late. [d] the friend was very good at cooking. 13. why was the speaker astonished? [a] the friend was expecting to stay with him. [b] there was no key under the door _ mat. [c] the friend had a wonderful meal in his absence. [d] the friend got into the neighbor s flat. questions 14～16 are based on the following passage you now have 15 seconds to read the questions 14～16. 14. how far is the earth away from the sun? [a] 93 million miles. [b] 193 million miles. [c] 930 million miles. [d] 93 billion miles. 15. what is the temperature on the sun? [a] not clear. [b] 10,000 degrees fahrenheit. [c] 10,000 degrees centigrade. [d] over 2,000 degrees fahrenheit. 16. which of the following is true according to the passage? [a] the sun s light comes from millions of candles. [b] most of the sun s heat and light are received on the earth. [c] the temperature of the sun is the same as that of the earth. [d] without the correct balance of heat and light, life on the earth would not be possible. questions 17～20 are based on the following passage. you now have 20 seconds to read the questions 17～20. 17. what was the woman doing when the policeman found her? [a] she was lying near a lonely road. [b] she was driving along a lonely road. [c] she was ill seriously. [d] she was having a terrible accident. 18. according to the woman s account, what happened to her? 转 [a] she was attacked by robbers. [b] she escaped from her family. [c] she survived traffic accident. [d] she was forced to enter a flying saucer. 19. which of the following statements is true? [a] the woman was intended to leave her husband without telling him. [b] the woman had met some creatures from outer space. [c] the woman and the creatures couldn’t understand each other. [d] the creatures could read and speak english. 20. what is the title of the passage? [a] an astonishing story about husband and wife. [b] an astonishing story about a woman and a flying saucer. [c] flying saucer. [d] an astonishing story about a policeman and a woman. section ii use of english (15 minutes) read the following text. choose the best word or phrase for each numbered blank and mark a, b, c or d on answer sheet 1. there was a time when parents who wanted an educational present for their children would buy a typewriter, a globe or an encyclopedia set. now those 21 seem hopelessly old _ fashioned: this christmas, there were a lot of22computers under the tree. 23 that computers are their key to success, parents are also frantically insisting that children24taught to use them on school-as early as possible. the problem for schools is that when it25computers, parents don’t always know best. many schools are 26 parental impatience and are purchasing hardware without 27 educational planning so they can say, “ok, we’ve moved into the computer age." teachers 28 themselves caught in the middle of the problem-between parent pressure and 29 educational decisions. educators do not even agree30how computers should be used. a lot of money is going for computerized educational materials 31 research has shown can be taught32with pencil and paper. even those who believe that all children should33to computer warn ofpotential34to the very young. the temptation remains strong largely because young children 35 so well to computers. first graders have been 36 willing to work for two hours on math skills. some have an attention span of 20 minutes. 37 school, however, can afford to go into computing, and that creates 38 another problem: a division between the haven s and have _ note s. very few parents ask 39 computer instruction in poor school districts,40there may be barely enough money to pay the reading teacher. a21.[a] items [b] toys[c] sets [d] series d22.[a] private [b] children [c] school [d] personal a23.[a] given [b] provided [c] convinced [d] believed c24[a] are [b] be[c] are being[d]were b25.[a] talks about [b] comes to[c] turns to[d] mentions c26.[a] ignorant of [b] blaming [c] yielding to [d] improving b27.[a] reason [b] sound[c] hard [d] some a28.[a] relied on[b] relaxed[c] freed [d] found b29.[a] wise [b] clever[c] slow [d] enough c30.[a] on[b] with[c] to[d] among a31.[a] however [b] where[c] what [d] that a32.[a] equally [b] the same way [c] just as well[d] not as well b33.[a] be open [b] have access[c] look [d] turn a34.[a] approaches[b] exposures [c] dangers[d] laziness c35.[a] adopt [b] keep [c] adapt [d] devote b36.[a] watched[b] seen[c] told [d] taught b37.[a] high [b] not every[c] no[d] any b38.[a] already[b] of course[c] in addition [d] yet a39.[a] for [b] against[c] to buy [d] to use d40.[a] in that [b] in any case[c] although [d] where section iii reading comprehension (60 minutes) part a read the following four texts. answer the questions below each text by choosing a,b,c or d. mark your answers on answer sheet 1. text 1 one hundred and thirteen million americans have at least one bank _ issued credit card. they give their owners automatic credit in stores, restaurants, and hotels, at home, across the country, and even abroad, and they make many banking services available as well. more and more of these credit cards can be read automatically, making it possible to withdraw or deposit money in scattered locations, whether or not the local branch bank is open. for many of us the” cashless society” is not on the horizon-it s already here. [b] while computers offer these conveniences to consumers, they have many advantages for sellers too. electronic cash registers can do much more than simply ring up sales. they can keep a wide range of records, including who sold what, when, and to whom. this information allows businessmen to keep track of their list of goods by showing which items are being sold and how fast they are moving. decisions to reorder or return goods to suppliers can then be made. at the same time these computers record which hours are busiest and which employees are the most efficient, allowing personnel and staffing assignments to be made accordingly. and they also identify preferred customer for promotional campaigns. computers are relied on by manufacturers for similar reasons. computer analyzed marketing reports can help to decide which products to emphasize now, which to develop for the future, and which to drop. computers keep track of goods in stock, of raw materials on hand, and even of the production process itself.。
公共英语四级阅读模拟试题及答案
公共英语四级阅读模拟试题及答案2016年公共英语四级阅读模拟试题及答案2016年公共英语考试马上开始了，为提高同学们阅读理解水平，店铺为大家带来最新四级阅读模拟试题及答案如下：公共英语四级阅读题型练习辅导(一)Use of EnglishRead the following text .Choose the best word or phrase marked A. B. C .or D for each numbered blank.We often hear the_1_ “Bug” while using computers. But what is a bug? In computer science, a bug _2_ an error in software of hardware. In software, a bug is an error in coding or logic that causes a program to malfunction or to _3_in correct results. Minor bugs, for example a cursor that does not behave as _4_can be inconvenient or frustrating, but not damaging to _5_. More severe bugs can cause a program to “hang” (stop responding to _6_and might _7_the user with no _8_but to restart the program. Losing whatever _9_ work had not been saved. In _10_case, the programmer must find and correct the error by the _11_ known as debugging. Because of the _12_risk to important data, commercial application programs are tested and _13_ as completely as possible before release .Minor bugs found after the program becomes _14_are corrected in next update; more _15_bugs can sometimes be fixed with special software, called patches, that circumvents or otherwise _16_its effects. In hardware, a bug is a recurring _17_problem that prevents a system or set of _18_from working together properly. The_19_ of the term reputedly goes back to the early days of computer at Harvard University was _20_to a moth caught between the contacts of a relay in the machine.1. a. wording b.term c.diction d.insect2. a. recurs to b.prefers to c.attributes to d.refers to3. a. produce b. achieve c. recreate d.attain4. a.expect b.expectation c.expecting d.expected5. a. information b.material c.memory d.news6 mands b.monitor c.control d.supervision7. a. grant b.retain c.leave d.reward8. a.alternative b.objective c. collective d.derivative9. a.prestigious b. precarious c.previous d.precious10.a.both b.either c. neither d. none11.a.process b. operation c.performance d.action12.a.promising b.potential c. prospective d.probable13.a.debugged b.analyzed c.released d.removed14.a.accessible b.affable c.available d.adaptable15.a.minor b.major c.important d.severe16.a.alleviates b.worsens c.reduces d.enhances17.a.mental b.physical c.formal d. substantial18.a. ompound positions ponents posure19.a.beginning b.start c.source d.origin20.a.tracked b.traced c.followed d.detected解析1.考查名词近义词的辨析。
大学英语四级模拟题九(含答案)
大学英语四级模拟题九(含答案)第 2 页 共 7 页系别 班级 学号 姓名……………………………密…………………………. 大学英语四级模拟题九Part I Writing 15’Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topicChoosing an Occupation. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words following the outline given below.1. 职业的选择很重要2. 如何明智的选择自己的职业3. 你的职业选择。
Part II Listening Comprehension 35’ Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 longconversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.1. A. In a shop. B. In a bus. C. In a hospital. D. In a restaurant.2. A. Standing. B. Eating cheese. C. Relaxing. D. Taking a photo.3. A. 30 minutes. B. 20 minutes. C. An hour. D. 40 minutes.4. A. He should see his uncle. B. He should attend a meeting.C. He’ll have a class.D. He has an appointment. 5. A. The museum. B. His tutor’s officeC. His Chinese lessons.D. The library. 6. A. She doesn’t like flying very much.B. She usually takes the train when she travels.C. She has something important to do in Madrid.D. She has just been to Madrid. 7. A. He thinks his team will lose if the weather is bad.B. He thinks bad weather will affect both teams.C. He really doesn’t know.D. He doesn’t think the weather will make any difference. 8. A. He will discuss it again with Mary.B. He will probably not buy Mary a pet.C. He thinks it’s not a good idea to buy a pet for Mary.D. He thinks pets are a lot of trouble.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you ’ve just heard. 9. A. She is tired of her present work. B. She wants to save travel expenses.C. She wants a much higher salary.D. She wants to get promotion. 10. A. Travel agent. B. Environmental engineer.C. Translator.D. Language teacher. 11. A. Education and experience. B. Lively personality.C. Communication skills and team spirit.D. Devotion and work efficiency. Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you ’ve just heard. 12. A. She finds it too hard. B. She lacks interest in it.C. She is worried about the man.D. The man keeps interrupting her.13. A. The course is poorly designed. B. The lectures are boring.C. She enjoys literature more.D. She prefers Philosophy to English. 14. A. Karen ’s parents. B. Karen ’s friends.C. Karen’s lecturers.D. Karen herself. 15. A. Leaving the university.B. Getting transferred to the English Department.C. Spending less of her parents ’ money.D. Changing her major.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage,you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage OneQuestions 16 to 19 are based on the conversation you ’ve just heard.16. A. To buy his wife a black pearl necklace.B. To see what new jewelry the shop had got recently.C. To buy some jewelry because he had made a lot of money in business.D. To buy some jewelry as his wife’s birthday present.17. A. The size of the pearl. B. The qualify of the pearl.C. The price of the pearl.D. The color of the pearl.18. A. A pearl she inherited from her mother.B. The pearl that the man had bought from the jewelry shop.C. An imitation of the original pearl.D. A family pearl.19. A. $5, 000. B. $20,000. C. $25,000. D. $30,000. Passage TwoQuestions 20 to 22 are based on the conversation you’ve just heard.20. A. Time spent working. B. Time spent exercising.C. Time spent on leisure activities.D. Time spent with friends and family.21. A. Eating out. B. Watching TV.C. Reading.D. Surfing the Web.22. A. Driving. B. Visiting friends.C. Gardening.D. Going to the pub.Passage ThreeQuestions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you’ve just heard.23. A. Help students’ concentrate in class.B. Record students’ weekly performance.C. Ask students to complete a sleep report.D. Monitor students’ sleep patterns.24. A. Lack of attention. B. Loss of motivation.C. Declining health.D. Improper behavior.25. A. They should make sure their children are always punctual for school.B. They should ensure their children grow up in a healthy environment.C. They should help their children accomplish high-quality work.D. They should see to it that their children have adequate sleep.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. Whenthe passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in theblanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passageis read for the third time, you should check what you have written.As a person living in the 21st century, you will probably move several times in your (26) . And most of those moves will take you to another city – a new job, new friends, sometimes a whole new lifestyle.Moving offers the opportunity to make (27) changes as well as to change the place where you live and work.When no one knows you, you can make these changes in yourself and your lifestyle more (28)____________ because your old friends aren’t watching you and you don’t have the (29)____________ of your former co-workers.Moving offers opportunities, but of course, it can also cause problems. It takes time to (30) to change and you might feel (31) and unhappy at first. Moving can also cause problems within the family. If both you and your husband or wife work, probably only one of you will (32) professionally from the move. The other may feel angry. And children may feel angry too, because they have to leave their friends and school.In the end, moving will be easier if you can focus on the present. That is, (33)_________________________ missing the life you left behind. Instead, start making a new life in your new city. And don’t worry that you might have to move again (34)__________________. Think about where you are now and (35)________________.Part III Reading Comprehension (35')Section A (1’×10 = 10’) Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of theparagraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived.You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is markedwith a letter. Write the letter on the Answer Sheet. (请在答题纸上写段落的代号)Caught in the Web[A] A few months ago, it wasn’t unusual for 47-year-old Carla Toebe to spend 15hours per da y online. She’d wake up early, turn on her laptop and chat on Internet dating sites and instant-messaging programs — leaving her bed for only brief intervals. Her household bills piled up, along with the dishes and dirty第 3 页共 7 页laundry, but it took near-constant complaints from her four daughters before she realized she had a problem.[B] “I was starting to feel like my whole world was falling apart — kind of slippinginto a depression,” said Carla. “I knew that if I didn’t get off the dating sites, I’d just keep going,” detaching (使脱离) herself further from the outside world.Toebe’s conclusion: She felt like she was “addicted” to the Internet. She’s not alone.[C] Concern about excessive Internet use isn’t new. As far back as 1995, articles inmedical journals and the establishment of a Pennsylvania treatment center for overusers generated interest in the subject. There’s still no consensus on how much time online constitutes too much or whether addiction is possible.[D] But as reliance on the Web grows, there are signs that the question is gettingmore serious attention: Last month, a study published in CNS Spectrums claimed to be the first large-scale look at excessive Internet use. The American Psychiatric Association may consider listing Internet addiction in the next edition of its diagnostic manual. And scores of online discussion boards have popped up on which people discuss negative experiences tied to too much time on the Web.[E] “There’s no question that there’re people who’re seriously in trouble b ecausethey’re overdoing their Internet involvement, ” said psychiatrist (精神科医生) Ivan Goldberg. Goldberg calls the problem a disorder rather than a true addiction.[F] Jonathan Bishop, a researcher in Wales specializing in online communities, ismore skeptical. “The Internet is an environment,” he said. “You can’t be addicte d to the environment,” Bishop describes the problem as simply a matter of priorities, which can be solved by encouraging people to prioritize other life goals and plans in place of time spent online.[G] The new CNS Spectrums study was based on results of a nationwide telephonesurvey of more than 2,500 adults. Like the 2005 survey, this one was conducted by Stanford University researchers. About 6% of respondents reported that“their relationships suffered because of excessive Internet use.” About 9% att empted to conceal “nonessential Internet use,” and nearly 4% reported feeling “preoccupied by the Internet when offline.” About 8% said they used the Internet as a way to escape problems, and almost 14% reported they “found it hard to stay away from the Internet for several days at a time.”[H] “The Internet problem is still in its infancy,” said Elias Aboujaoude, a Stanfordprofessor. No single online activity is to blame for excessive use, he said.“They’re online in chat rooms, checking e-mail, or writing blogs. [The problem is] not limited to porn (色情) or gambling” websites.[I] Excessive Internet use should be defined not by the number of hours spent onlinebut “in terms of losses,” said Maressa Orzack, a Harvard University professor.“If it’s a loss [where] you’re not getting to work, and family relationships are breaking down as a result, then it’s too much.”[J] Since the early 1990s, several clinics have been established in the U.S. to treat heavy Internet users. They include the Center for Internet Addiction Recovery and the Center for Internet Behavior.[K]The website for Orzack’s center lists the following among the psychological symptoms of computer addiction:●Having a sense of well-being or excitement while at the computer.●Longing for more and more time at the computer.●Neglect of family and friends.●Feeling empty, depressed or irritable when not at the computer.●Lying to employers and family about activities.●Inability to stop the activity.●Problems with school or job.[L] Physical symptoms listed include dry eyes, backaches, skipping meals, poor personal hygiene (卫生) and sleep disturbances.[M] People who struggle with excessive Internet use may be depressed or have other mood disorders, Orzack said. When she discusses Internet habits with her patients, they often report that being online offers a “sense of belo nging, an第 4 页共 7 页escape, excitement [and] fun,” she said. “Some people say relief…because they find themselves so relaxed.”[N] Some parts of the Internet seem to draw people in more than others. Internet gamers spend countless hours competing in games against people from all over the world. One such game, called World of Warcraft, is cited on many sites by posters complaining of a “gaming addiction.”[O] Andrew Heidrich, an education network administrator from Sacramento, plays World of Warcraft for about two t o four hours every other night, but that’s nothing compared with the 40 to 60 hours a week he spent playing online games when he was in college. He cut back only after a full-scale family intervention (干预), in which relatives told him he’d gained weight.[P] “There’s this whole culture of competition that sucks people in” with online gaming, said Heidrich, now a father of two. “People do it at the expense of everything that was a constant in their lives.” Heidrich now visits websites that discuss gaming ad diction regularly “to remind myself to keep my love for online games in check.”[Q] Toebe also regularly visits a site where posters discuss Internet overuse. In August, when she first realized she had a problem, she posted a message on a Yahoo Internet a ddiction group with the subject line: “I have an Internet Addiction.”[R] “I’m self-employed and need the Internet for my work, but I’m failing to accomplish my work, to take care of my home, to give attention to my children,” she wrote in a message sent to the group. “I have no money or insurance to get professional help; I can’t even pay my mortgage (抵押贷款) and face losing everything.”[S] Since then, Toebe said, she has kept her promise to herself to cut back on her Internet use. “I have a boyfriend now, and I’m not interested in online dating,”she said by phone last week. “It’s a lot better now.”36.Excessive Internet use had rendered Toebe so poor that she could n’t afford toseek professional help.37.Now that she’s got a boyfriend, Toebe is no longer crazy about online dating.38.Andrew Heidrich now visits websites that discuss online gaming addiction tocurb his desire for online gaming.39.According to Orzack, people who struggle with heavy reliance on the Internetmay feel depressed.40.According to Professor Maressa Orzack, Internet use would be consideredexcessive if it seriously affected family relationships.41.Andrew Heidrich cut back on online gaming because his family had intervened.42.Her daughters’ repeated complaints eventually made Carla Toebe realize shewas spending too much time on the Internet?43.In one of the messages she posted on a website, Toebe admitted that she had anInternet Addiction.44.People haven’t yet reached agreement on the definition of excessive Internetuse.45.Jonathan Bishop believes that the Internet overuse problem can be solved ifpeople can realize what is important in life.Section C (2.5’×10 = 25’) Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choicesmarked A), B), C) and D). Y ou should decide on the best choice and mark thecorresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through thecentre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Personal computers and the Internet give people new choices about how to spend their time. Some may use this freedom to share less time with certain friends or family members, but new technology will also let them stay in closer touch with those they care most about. I know this from personal experience.E-mail makes it easy to work at home, which is where I now spend most weekends and evenings. My working hours aren’t necessarily much shorter than they once were but I spend fewer of them at the office. This lets me share more time with my young daughter than I might have if she’d been born before electr onic mail became such a practical tool.The Internet also makes it easy to share thoughts with a group of friends. Say第 5 页共 7 页第 6 页共 7 页A. clothes that the tailor made is vital to performer s’ successB. performers have to change their performances to be popularC. performers should do the same thing as a tailor doesD. performers can never succeed without a tailor53. When a pop singer has become famous, he must work hard to ________.A. attract the publicB. remain popularC. sell more recordsD. earn more money54. It can be inferred that the fans’ over-enthusiastic behavior sometimes _______.A. express their dislike for the singersB. make the singers most popularC. show their great respect for the singersD. make the singers feel embarrassed55. From the last paragraph we know that a pop singer ________.A. can relax when he is successfulB. must pay much attention to his clothesC. can enjoy his life at willD. is always annoyed by his fansPart IV Translation 15' Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese to English. You should write your answer on the Answer Sheet.信息技术（Information Technology）正在飞速发展, 中国公民也越来越重视信息技术，有些学校甚至将信息技术作为必修课程，对这一现象大家持不同观点。
国家公共英语(四级)口试模拟试卷9(题后含答案及解析)
国家公共英语（四级）口试模拟试卷9(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. 考生个人情况介绍 2. 考生相互问答 3. 继续性问答考生个人情况介绍1．E First of all, we’d like to know something about you,so I’m going to ask some questions about yourselves.E How do you like campus life? (Why do you think so?)E What do you think is the most attractive aspect of campus life?E Do you find it easy to get along with your classmates? (Why or why not?) E Can you say something about the living conditions on campus?E Do you find life on campus convenient? Please give your reasons.E What should the university do to make campus life more colorful?E What do you think of your teachers and professors? (Please give your reasons)正确答案：Campus lifePart 1 (2 minutes)E First of all, we’d like to know something about you,so I’m going to ask some questions about yourselves.E How do you like campus life? (Why do you think so?)A The campus life is interesting and challenging, so I enjoy it. Above all, campus life is an important stage in my life. It’s entirely different from the life in high school. Now, I live at a dormitory with my classmates, while in high school. I lived with my family. Everything seems fresh to me when I began my campus life. The campus is very large and there are many buildings. I was excited and curious when the first class began. I had a great number of new schoolmates. In the library, there are so many books. I was determined to study hard. There are so many extracurricular activities on campus, and I took part in several of them. Like Newton, I’m searching for beautiful shells on the beach of knowledge.E What do you think is the most attractive aspect of campus life?A The most attractive aspect of my campus life, I think, is to take part in rich extracurricular activities in our spare time. In our spare time, we play badminton, table tennis, football, and volleyball, any kind of sports we like. Also, we have a lot of contests such as speech contests and debates. And for music lovers, there is a Music Association in which they practice singing and appreciate great musical works together. Actually there are about one hundred of student associations on campus. In a word, there are numerous extracurricular activities on campus. I can learn much from them and my life is colorful and exciting because of them.E Do you find it easy to get along with your classmates? (Why or why not?) A Yes, it’s easy to get along with my classmates. Although there were some problems among us, we solved them finally. Actually all my classmates are considerate and helpful. They can understand other classmates easily, and help the classmates who are having difficulties and troubles. Certainly, our characteristics and personalities are different, so sometimes there will be some disagreements among us. But if we are confronted with problems, we’ll have a discussion to solve them. I’m so fortunate to have such classmates as them.E Can you say something about the living conditions on campus?B All students arecomplaining about the living conditions on campus, so do I. Firstly, our dormitory is too crowded. The room is only five meters long and three meters wide, but there are six students sharing a room. We have no personal room expect for our beds. Secondly, the condition of the classrooms is bad, too. The doors are noisy when they are open or closed. There are no fans in the classrooms, so it is very hot with more than one hundred of students having their class in a room. It’s also very cold in winter. Our library is air-conditioned, so every student wants to study in the library. The result is that it’s very crowded in the library. We are expecting our university to invest more money in improving the living conditions, because we can’t put up with it any longer.E Do you find life on campus convenient? Please give your reasons.B Certainly it’s very convenient if you live on campus. Firstly, your dormitory is near the classroom, library, dining halls and so on. You can go everywhere on campus on foot or by bicycle. You need not take a motorcycle or ride a bicycle for over ten minutes to do something. Secondly, in my university, the Internet is free. You can download your favorite movies and music from some sites. But if you live off campus, you can’t share these conveniences. Finally, living in dormitory with your classmates is more convenient to get information on lectures, jobs and so on, which is very important to everybody. So, I like living on campus in spite of the bad living conditions.E What should the university do to make campus life more colorful?B The first thing I think is to improve the living and teaching conditions. A comfortable life is the foundation of a colorful campus life. And if everywhere is crowded, you can’t concentrate on studying or have a good rest after study. What’s more, universities should encourage the development of student associations and hold many kinds of activities such as the contest of “The Top Ten Singers on Campus”. Students can get a great deal of joy and knowledge from these activities.E What do you think of your teachers and professors? (Please give your reasons) B I’m a third year student, so there are many teachers and professors who have taught me. Some of them are very good. However, some of them are boring. Some teachers and professors have rich teaching experience and they know how to teach. They give us lively examples and case study in class; they organize discussions among us very well. In this way, they can stimulate our imagination and interests, and spontaneously we learn much from the classes.But, there are some teachers and professors who are very boring. They just stood in front of us, reading what has been clearly written in the textbooks. We were all very sleepy at that time. It’s really a waste of time.考生相互问答2．E Now, I’d like you to talk about something between yourselves. You should take care to share the opportunity of speaking.正确答案：E Now, I’d like you to talk about something between yourselves. You should take care to share the opportunity of speaking.A From my point of view, even though there was a perfect rules system which involved every detailed aspect of campus life, without good regulation, the rules system would be of no use. Forexample, the teacher of the library should stop the students from making noises; the invigilator should invigilate the students strictly; the conductor of dormitory buildings should inspect the building frequently to avoid the use of electric appliance. As long as they do well in their jobs, there should be no violations of the rules and regulations. Otherwise, students would violate rules and regulations frequently.B But universities don’t have enough money to invest in the supervision of rules and regulations. It’s really costly.A Yes, what you said is reasonable. If students can do well in self-discipline, we won’t have to worry about the high cost of supervision. So, I think the fact why some of the rules and regulations are violated is due to the neglecting of rules and regulation education.B Oh, I couldn’t agree more. As everybody knows, prevention is not effective but self-discipline. University should pay attention to the education of rules and regulations, and make the students realize the serious consequences of violating the rules and regulations. If students can do well in self-discipline, they can also supervise each other.A I think prevention is still effective. As long as universities do well in supervision, it will be OK. You said the supervision is costly. I don’t think so. As long as the punishment method is rigorous, the violations can be stopped. So I can’t understand why some of the rules and regulations are frequently broken. The reason is that the punishment method is not rigorous enough. For example, if a cribber’s degree is cancelled there would be no other student who would still dare to do such a thing.B Yes, I agree with you. It has been proven by many facts.A From my point of view, there are several reasons why some of the rules and regulations are frequently broken, such as bad regulations, no rigorous punishment methods and no education on abidance of rules and regulations. So, our universities should do many things to make our rules and regulations strictly obeyed.A Why did you say that the effectiveness of rigorous punishment methods has been proven by many facts?B Ok, I’ll give you a good example. Nowadays many countries have made rigorous punishment methods against the violation of rules and regulations, and it has proven to be very effective. For example, if you threw garbage here and there in Singapore, the fine would be very high. So, nobody throws garbage here and there in Singapore now. So, our university should establish rigorous punishment methods to the violator of rules and regulations.B Are ail the rules and regulations in your university reasonable? (Give one or two examples. )A Yes, most of the rules and regulations in my university are reasonable. However, some of them are not reasonable and we students often complain about them. Take the rules of electricity as an example. It’s right to forbid the use of electricity, but it’s unreasonable to shut off the electricity at 11 o’clock every night. In fact, it’s not convenient to our lives especially in summer. We can’t use fans without electricity, so we often wake up because of the heat.A If any of your classmates did not observe the university rules and regulations, what would you do?B I would tell them the rules and regulations. Other students might not stand up to tell their classmates that they violated some rules or regulations because they are afraid of offending their classmates. In fact, I think they are disingenuous and I would look down upon them. Rules and regulations are made to keep our campus lives in order, and if someone violates them, there must be some other students who would be affected negatively.Besides, most violators are not aware that what they did is a violation. Otherwise, they would not do so. So, we are responsible to tell our classmates the rules and regulations, and I’m not afraid to offend them. On the contrary, I think only by doing so can we be good friends.继续性问答3．E I’m going to give each of you a picture and I’d like you to first briefly describe and then give your comment on what you see in the picture. Candidate A,this is your picture. You have three minutes to talk about it.E Thank you. Now,candidate B,could you please ask your partner a question?E OK. Candidate B,here is your picture. You also have three minutes to talk about your picture.正确答案：E I’m going to give each of you a picture and I’d like you to first briefly describe and then give your comment on what you see in the picture. Candidate A,this is your picture. You have three minutes to talk about it.A The card in my hand shows the changes in people’s leisure activities in the last twenty years. In the early 80’s, most families were very poor, and TV sets were rare at that time. Maybe there is only one family that could afford a TV set in a whole town, so all villages would go to that family to watch TV. It was crowded in the room, and it was also very interesting with so many people watching one television. Another leisure activity at that time was to see a hypaethral film on a playground in summer. Finally, in their spare time, people had no plaza or commercial centre to go shopping. They just bought goods in small shops usually with a salesperson standing behind the counter. But now, as the accommodation becomes a social demand in 90’s, there are many kinds of leisure activities we can take part in. We can watch color television with our family, and it’s very comfortable to sit on the sofa, chat with our parents when watching television. Also, in our spare time we can go out to practice singing in the Karaoke room with our friends. Moreover, you can make a travel for a week-long holiday. It helps to better your physical health and your perspective. More and more families and students choose travel as their entertainment in holidays. In general, there are many more leisure activities than there were in the 80’s.E Thank you. Now,candidate B,could you please ask your partner a question?B Why did you say that accommodation is a social demand?A Oh, I think it’s very easy to explain. Everyone wants to have a commodious house, because it makes his or her life more comfortable. If you had no housing you would hesitate to marry. A commodious and bright house makes your family happier. So, I said that accommodation is a social demand.E OK. Candidate B,here is your picture. You also have three minutes to talk about your picture.B During the twenty years since 80’s, great changes have taken place in transportation. The above picture shows the transportation of early 80’s. Some people are riding their bicycles; some people are walking. There are many people standing at the bus stop to wait for their buses, and the arriving bus is already very crowded. There is only one car running in the street. At that time, the Chinese motor vehicle industry was not well developed, and bicycles were one of the mostpopular vehicles. With the development of the economy, transportation is also improved greatly in 90’s. Our country invested much money into the construction of transportation. The streets are widened, and there are more and more streets, highways and subways in China. In the second picture, two girls are waiting for a bus at the bus stop, and there are several buses and many cars running in the wide street. It reflects the changes taken place in transportation, compared with the first picture.Another picture is about a hypaethral bazaar. A housewife is buying food with a basket in her hand. It’s sunny and hot, and maybe the basket is very heavy. The second picture is about a supermarket in the late 90’s. There are many kinds of fruits, fishes and so on in the supermarket. The commodity is placed on the shelves in order. A woman is pushing a pushcart in which there are many things. These two different pictures show the changes that have taken place in the food, both in its varieties and the way to buy it.A Do you think it’s a good idea to replace low buildings with tall buildings in big cities? (Why?)B I think it’s a good idea. There are too many people in big cities. But the tract of cities is limited, so we should build more housing on the limited tract to meet the increasing demand of increasing numbers of people. There is only one way, that is, to replace low buildings with tall buildings. Of course, there are some disadvantages in doing so. For example, it’s difficult to climb stairs if you live on the top floor. But in general, the advantages outweigh the disadvantages and it’s the only way to accommodate so many people in big cities.。
2016年全国英语专四考试题和完整答案解析
2016年英语专四1. A) They admire the courage of space explorers.B) They enjoyed the movie on space exploration.C) They were going to watch a wonderful movie.D) They like doing scientific exploration very much.2. A) At a gift shop.B) At a graduation ceremony.C) In the office of a travel agency.D) In a school library.3. A) He used to work in the art gallery.B) He does not have a good memory.C) He declined a job offer form the art gallery.D) He is not interested in any part-time jobs.4.A) Susan has been invited to give a lecture tomorrow.B) He will go to the birthday party after the lecture.C) The woman should have informed him earlier.D) He will be unable to attend the birthday party.5.A) Reward those having made good progress.B) Set a deadline for the staff to meet.C) Assign more workers to the project.D) Encourage the staff to work in small groups.6. A) The way to the visitor’s parking.B) The rate for parking in Lot C.C) How far away the parking lot is.D) Where she can leave her car.7. A) He regrets missing the classes.B) He plans to take the fitness classes.C) He is looking forward to a better life.D) He has benefited form exercise.8.A) How to ? work efficiency.B) How to select secretaries.C)The responsibilities of secretaries.D) The secretaries in the man’s company.Conversation OneQuestions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.9.A) It is more difficult to learn than English.B) It is used by more people than English.C) It will be as commonly used as English.D) It will eventually become a world language.10.A) It has words words from many languages,B) Its popularity with the common people.C) The influence of the British Empire.D) The effect of the Industrial Revolution.11.A) It includes a lot of words form other languages.B) It has a growing number of newly coined words,C) It can be easily picked up by overseas travelers.D) It is the largest among all languages in the world. Conversation 2Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12.A) To return some goods.B) To apply for a job.C) To place an order.D) To make a complaint.13. A) He has become somewhat impatient with the woman.B) He is not familiar with the exact details of goods.C) He has not worked in the sales department for long.D) He works on a part-time basis for the company.14. A) It is not his responsibility.B) It will be free for large orders.C) It costs 15 more for express delivery.D) It depends on a number of factors.15.A) Report the information to her superior.B) Pay a visit to the saleswoman in charge.C) Ring back when she comes to a decision.D) Make inquiries with some other companies.Section B Passage OneQuestions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A) No one knows exactly where they were ??B) No one knows for sure when thy came into being.C) No one knows for what purpose they were ?D) No one knows what they will17. A) Carry ropes across rivers.B) Measure the speed of wind.C) Pass on secret messages.D) Give warnings of danger.18. A) To protect houses against lightning.B) To test the effects of the lightning rod.C) To find out the strength of silk for kites.D) To prove the lightning is electricity.Passage Two Questions 19 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard.19.A) She enjoys teaching languages.B) She can speak several languages.C) She was trained to be an interpreter.D) She was born with a talent for languages.20. A) They acquire an immunity to culture shock.B) They would like to live abroad permanently.C) They want to learn as many foreign languages as possible.D) They have an intense interest in cross-cultural interactions.21.A) She became an expert in horse racing.B) She got a chance to visit several European countries.C) She was able to translate for a German sports judge.D) She learned to appreciate classical music.22. A) Taste the beef and give her comment.B) Take part in a cooking competition.C) Teach vocabulary for food in ??D) Give cooking lessons onPassage Three Questions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.23. A) He had only a third-grade education.B) He once threatened to kill his teacher.C) He grew up in a poorD) He often helped his24.A) Careless.B) Stupid.C) Brave.D) Active.25.A) Write two book reports a week.B) Keep a diary.C) Help with housework.D) Watch education??Section CDirections:In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.When you look up at the night sky, what do you see？There are other bodies out there besides the moon and stars. One of the most of this is a comet. Comets were formed around the same the earth was formed. They are made up of ice and other frozen liquids and gasses. these dirty snow balls begin to orbit the sun just as the planets do. As a comet gets closer to the sun, some gasses in it begin to unfreeze. They combine with dust particles from the comet to form a huge cloud. As the comet gets even nearer to the sun and solar wind blows the cloud behind the comet thus forming its tail. The tail and generally fuzzy atmosphere around the comet are that can help this phenomenon in the night sky. In any given year，about dozen known comets come close to the sun in their orbits. The average person can’t see them all of course. Usually there is only one or two a year bright enough to be seen with the _________eye. Comet Hale-Bopp discovered in 1995 was an unusually bright comet. Its orbit bought it _________to the earth within 122 million miles of it. But Hale-Bopp came a long way on its earthly visit. It won’t be back for another 4 thousand years or so.Part Ш Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section AQuestions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.For many Americans, 2013 ended with an unusually bitter cold spell. November and December 36 early snow and bone-chilling temperatures in much of the country, part of a year when, for the first time in two 37 , record-cold days will likely turn out to have outnumbered record-warm ones. But the U.S. was the exception; November was the warmest ever 38 , and current data indicates that 2013 is likely to have been the fourth hottest year on record.Enjoy the snow now, because 39 are good that 2014 will be even hotter, perhaps the hottest year since records have been kept. That’s because, scientists are predicting, 2014 will be an EI Niuo year.EI niuo, Spanish for “the child”, 40 when surface ocean waters in the southern Pacific become abnormally warm. So large is the Pacific, covering 30% of the planet’s surface, that the 41 energy generated by its warming is enough to touch off a series of weather changes around the world. EI Ninos are 42 with abnormally dry conditions in Southeast Asia and Australia. They can lead to extreme rain in parts of North and South America, even as southern Africa 43 dry weather. Marine life may be affected too; EI Ninos can 44 the rising of the cold, nutrient-rich（营养丰富的）water that supports large fish 45 ,and the unusually warm ocean temperatures can destroy coral(珊瑚).Section B The Perfect EssayA) Looking back on too many years of education, I can identify one truly impossible teacher. She cared about me, and my intellectual life, even when I didn’t. Her expectations were high—impossibly so. She was an English teacher. She was also my mother.B) When good students turn in an essay, they dream of their instructor returning it to them in exactly the same condition, save for a single word added in the margin of the final page.“Flawless.” This dream came true for me one afternoon in the ninth grade. Of course, I had heard that genius could show itself at an early age, so I was only slightly taken aback that I had achieved perfection at the tender age of 14. Obviously, I did what and professional writer would do; I hurried off to spread the good news. I didn’t get very far. The first person I told was my mother.C) My mother, who is just shy of five feet tall, is normally incredibly soft-spoken, but on the rare occasion when she got angry, she was terrifying. I am not sure if she was more upset by my hubris（得意忘形）or by the fact that my English teacher had let my ego get so out of hand. In and event. My mother and her red pen showed me how deeply flawed a flaw less essay could be. At the time, I am sure she thought she was teaching me about mechanics, transitions（过渡）, structure, style and voice. But what I learned, and what stuck with me through my time teaching writing at Harvard, was a deeper lesson about the nature of creative criticism.D) First off, it hurts. Genuine criticism, the type that leaves a lasting mark on you as a writer, also leaves an existential imprint（印记）on you as a person. I have heard people say that a writer should never take criticism personally. I say that we should never listen to these people.E) Criticism, at its best, is deeply personal, and gets to the heart of why we write the way we do. The intimate nature of genuine criticism implies something about who is able to give it, namely, someone who knows you well enough to show you how your mental life is getting in the way of good writing. Conveniently, they are also the people who care enough to see you through this painful realization. For me it took the form of my firs t, and I hope only, encounter with writer’s block—I was not able to produce anything for three years.F) Franz Kafka once said; “Writing is utter solitude（独处）, the descent into the cold abyss（深渊）of oneself.” My mother’s criticism had shown me that Kafka is right about the cold abyss, and when you make the introspective（内省的）descent that writing requires you are not always pleased by what you find. But, in the years that followed, her sustained tutoring suggested that Kafka might be wrong about the solitude, I was lucky enough to find a critic and teacher who was willing to make the journey of writing with me. “It is a thing of no great difficulty.”according to Plutarch, “to raise objections against another man’s speech. it is a very easy matter, but to produc e a better in its place is a work extremely troublesome.” I am sure I wrote essays in the later years of high school without my mother’s guidance, but I can’t recall them. What I remember, however, is how she took up the“extremely troublesome”work of ongoi ng criticism.G) There are two ways to interpret Plutarch when he suggests that a critic should be able to produce“a better in its place.”In a straightforward sense, he could mean that a critic must be more talented than the artist she critiques（评论）.My mother was well covered on this count. But perhaps Plutarch is suggesting something slightly different, something a bit closer to Marcus Cicero’s claim that one should“criticize by creation, not by finding fault.”Genuine criticism creates a precious opening f or an author to become better on his own terms—a process that is often extremely painful, but also almost always meaningful.H) My mother said she would help me with my writing, but first I had to help myself. For each assignment, I was to write the best essay I could. Real criticism is not meant to find obvious mistakes, so if she found any—the type I could have found on my own—I had to start from scratch. From scratch. Once the essay was“flawless,” she would take an evening to walk me through my errors. That was when true criticism, the type that changed me as a person, began.I) She criticized me when I included little-known references and professional jargon （行话）. She had no patience for brilliant but irrelevant figures of speech.“Writers can’t bluff（虚张声势）their way through ignorance.” That was news to me—I would need to find another way to structure my daily existence.J) She trimmed back my flowery language, drew lines through my exclamation marks and argued for the value of restraint in expression.“John,” she almost whispered. I leaned in to hear her: “I can’t hear you when you shout at me.” So I stopped shouting and bluffing, and slowly my writing improved.K) Somewhere along the way I set aside my hopes of writing that flawless essay. But perhaps I miss ed something important in my mother’s lessons about creativity and perfection. Perhaps the point of writhing the flawless essay was not to give up, but to never willingly finish. Whitman repeatedly reworked“song of Myself” between 1855 and 1891. Repeatedly. We do our absolute best with a piece of writing, and come as close as we can to the ideal. And, for the time being, we settle. In critique, however, we are forced to depart, to give up the perfection we thought we had achieved for the chance of being even a little bit better. This is the lesson I took from my mother: If perfection were possible, it would not be motivating.46. The author was advised against the improper use of figures of speech.47. The author’s mother taught him a valuable lesson by pointing out lots of flaws in his seemingly perfect essay.48. A writer should polish his writing repeatedly so as to get closer to perfection.49. Writers may experience periods of time in their life when they just can’t produce anything.50. The author was not much surprised when his school teacher marked his essayas“flawless”.51. Criticizing someone’s speech is said to be easier than coming up with a better one.52. The author looks upon his mother as his most demanding and caring instructor.53. The criticism the author received from his mother changed his as a person.54. The author gradually improved his writing by avoiding fancy language.55. Constructive criticism gives an author a good start to improve his writing. Section C Passage One Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.The wallet is heading for extinction. As a day-to-day essential, it will die off with the generation who read print newspapers. The kind of shopping－where you hand over notes and count out change in return—now happens only in the most minor of our retail encounters，like buying a bar of chocolate or a pint of milk from a comer shop. At the shops where you spend any real money, that money is increasingly abstracted. And this is more and more true, the higher up the scale you go. At the most cutting-edge retail stores—Victoria Beckham on Dover Street, for instance—you don’t go and stand at any kind of cash register when you decide to pay. The staff are equipped with iPads to take your payment while you relax on a sofa.Which is nothing more or less than excellent service, if you have the money. But across society, the abstraction of the idea of cash makes me uneasy. Maybe I’m just old-fashioned. But earning money isn’t quick or easy for most of us. Isn’t it a bit weird that spending it should happen in half a blink (眨眼) of an eye? Doesn’t a wallet—that time-honoured Friday-night feeling of pleasing, promising fatness—represent something that matters?But I’ll leave the economics to the experts. What bothers me about the death of the wallet is the change it represents in our physical environment. Everything about the look and feel of a wallet—the way the fastenings and materials wear and tear and loosen with age, the plastic and paper and gold and silver, and handwritten phone numbers and printed cinema tickets—is the very opposite of what our world is becoming. The opposite of a wallet is a smartphone of an iPad. The rounded edges, cool glass, smooth and unknowable as pebble (鹅卵石). Instead of digging through pieces of paper and peering into corners, we move our fingers left and right. No more counting out coins. Show your wallet, if you still have one. It may not be here much longer.56. What is happening to the wallet?A) It is disappearing. C) it is becoming costly.B) It is being fattened. D) It is changing in style.57. How are business transactions done in big modern stores?A) Individually. C) In the abstract.B) Electronically. D) Via a cash register.58. What makes the author feel uncomfortable nowadays?A) Saving money is becoming a thing of the past.B) The pleasing Friday-night feeling is fading.C) Earning money is getting more difficult.D) Spending money is so fast and easy.59. Why does the author choose to write about what’s h appening to the wallet?A) It represents a change in the modern world.B) It has something to do with everybody’s life.C) It marks the end of a time-honoured tradition.D) It is the concern of contemporary economists.60.What can we infer from the passage about the author?A)He is resistant to social changes.B)He is against technological progress.C)He feels reluctant to part with the traditional wallet.D)He fells insecure in the ever-changing modern world.Passage Two Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.Everybody sleeps,but what people stay up late to catch—or wake up early in order not to miss—varies by culture.From data collected,it seems the things that cause us to lose the most sleep,on average,are sporting events,time changes,and holidays. Around the world, people changed sleep patterns thanks to the start or end of daylight savings time. Russians, for example, began to wake up about a half-hour later each day after President Vladimir Putin shifte d the country permanently to “winter time”starting on October 26.Russia’s other late nights and early mornings generally correspond to public holidays. On New Year’s Eve, Russians have the world’s latest bedtime, hitting the hay at around 3:30 am.Russian s also get up an hour later on International Women’s Day, the day for treating and celebrating female relatives.Similarly, Americans’ late nights late mornings, and longest sleeps fall on three-day weekends.Canada got the least sleep of the year the night it beat Sweden in the Olympic hockey(冰球）final.The World Cup is also chiefly responsible for sleep deprivation(剥夺）, The worst night for sleep in the U.K. was the night of the England-Italy match on June 14. Brits stayed up a half-hour later to watch it, and then they woke up earlier than usual the next morning thanks to summer nights, the phenomenon in which the sun barely sets in northern countries in the summertime. That was nothing, though, compared to Germans, Italians, and the French, who stayed up around an hour and a half later on various days throughout the summer to watch the Cup.It should be made clear that not everyone has a device to record their sleep patterns, in some of these nations, it’s likely that only the richest people do. And people who elect to track their sleep may try to get more sleep than the average person. Even if that’s the case, though, the above findings are still striking, If the most health-conscious among us have such deep swings in our shut-eye levels throughout the year, how much sleep are the rest of us losing?61. What does the author say about people’s sleeping habits?A) They are culture-related C)They change with the seasons.B) They affect people’s health. D)They vary from person to person.62.What do we learn about the Russians regarding sleep?A) They don’t fall asleep until very late.B) They don’t sleep much on weekends.C) They get less sleep on public holidays.D) They sleep longer than people elsewhere.63.What is the major cause for Europeans’ loss of sleep?A) The daylight savings time.B) The colorful night life.C) The World Cup.D) The summertime.64.What is the most probable reason for some rich people to use a device to record their patterns?A) They have trouble falling asleep.B) They want to get sufficient sleep.C) They are involved in a sleep research.D) They want to go to bed on regular hours.65. What does the author imply in the last paragraph?A) Sleeplessness does harm to people’s health.B) Few people really know the importance of sleep.C) It is important to study our sleep patterns.D) Average people probably sleep less than the rich.选词填空：36. N. saw 第一空显然缺少谓语，优先考虑动词，结合语义并根据Late November and December可以推出应选择过去式动词，故答案锁定saw.37. F. decades 根据two，首选复数名词，结合语义，"for the first time in the two decades", 二十年来头一次。
CET4模拟测试题9ModelTest9
CET4模拟测试题9ModelTest9Model Test N i n ePart I Writing (30minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay. Suppose you have two ways to learn about other countries: one is to travel abroad and the other to obtain the information online. You are to make a choice. Write an essay to explain the reasons for your choice. You should write at least120 words but no more than 180 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)Section AQuestions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1.A) Because the storm had cut power to them.B)Because the roads to them had been flooded.C)Because there might be mud slides.D)Because there might be tsunami.2.A) It is expected to last until Saturday afternoon.B)It has caused over 300 traffic deaths.C)It is the strongest one in years.D)It will be at its strongest on Saturday afternoon.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3.A) A car crash. B) A bushfire. C) A burglary. D) A terrorist attack.4.A) More than 15 homes had moved our.B)More than 50 homes had joined the fight.C)They had not had the fire under control yet.D)They had found a way to put out the fire.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5.A) They are useful in terms of security but have rusted.B)They are useful in terms of security but not beautiful.C)They are no longer strong enough to protect the tower.D)They are no longer needed as a photo spot.6.A) It is the most visited monument in the world.B)It is totally free of charge for visiting.C)The entry to the forecourt of the tower is free.D)The entry to the forecourt of the tower will be charged.7.A) Less visitor entrances. C) Ornamental lights.B)More security guards. D) Better elevators.Section BQuestions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8.A) He played tennis for his high school team.B)He played football for his high school team.C)He played tennis starting from his junior year.D)He played tennis starting from his senior year.9.A) Tennis. B) Basketball. C) Golf. D) Volleyball.10.A) Because he has a lot in common with the woman.B)Because he thinks the woman is a good player.C)Because his team lacks girl players.D)Because his team can learn a lot from the woman.11.A) Join the man to watch a match. B) Visit a new stadium with the man.C) Watch the man play in a match. D) Join the man to play in a match. Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12.A) An interview between a customer and a shopping aB)An interview between an airport staff and a passenger.C)A conversation between two working staff about the airport’s future improvement.D)A conversation between an air-hostess and a passenger about the inflight meal service.13.A) Because many people want to stay in shape.B)Because he wants to take every chance to improve his health.C)Because many people are tired after long flights.D)Because massaging will be a good way to kill time.14.A) Seasonal ones. B) Fresh ones. C) Local ones. D) Juicy ones.15.A) Disappointing. B) Satisfying. C) Outdated. D) Lovely.Section CQuestions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16.A) Because the planets are the same size as Earth.B)Because the planets are similar in many aspects to Earth.C)Because the planets are capable of supporting life.D)Because the planets have water on their surface.17.A) They are rocky planets . B) They are gaseous like Jupiter.C) They are covered by water. D) They are covered by sea ice.18.A) Because it has the right temperature and enough greenhouse gases.B)Because it has the right amount of water and enough greenhouse gases.C)Because it has the right atmosphere and enough greenhouse gases.D)Because it has the right gravity and enough greenhouseQuestions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19.A) They should be widely used in the field of social services.B)They should be blamed for the increasing unemployment.C)They should be taxed the same amount as the people they replace.D)They should be taxed more than the ordinary people.20.A) They will surely face massive unemployment.B)They will need less income tax to spend.C)They will have less income tax to spend.D)They will have no need to cope with the changes.21.A) Psychologists. C) Room cleaners.B) Police officers. D) Doctors.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22.A) People who sleep late are smarter and more creative.B)People who sleep late are always late for their jobs.C)People who sleep late are easily irritated.D)People who sleep hate are slow and ineffective in their jobs.23.A) You will feel exhausted all day long. B) You can’t justify your lateness.C) You will be late for your work. D) You can’t find persuasive excuses.I) flexibility J) identical K) informed L) likely M) mistake N) selectively O) shapingA) betterB) competitivelyC) contraryD) curiosityE) evidenceF) explainedG) facilityH) fact24. A) Because they can fully enjoy themselves late at night.B) Because they can fully concentrate their attention late at night.C) Because they can read the most fascinating book late at night.D) Because they can make rapid progress in mentality late at night.25. A) Group intelligence tests. C) Deductive reasoning tests.B) Emotional intelligence tests. D) Inductive reasoning tests.Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension ( 40 minutes )Section AQuestions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.Ask a left-wing Briton what they believe about the safety of nuclear power, and you can guess their answer. Ask a right-wing American about the risks posed by climate change, and you can also make a 26 guess than if you didn’t know their politic al affiliation. Issues like these feel like they should be 27 by science, not our political tribes, but sadly, that’s not what happens.Psychology has long shown that education and intelligence won’t stop your politics from 28 your broader worldview, even if those beliefs do not match the hard evidence. Instead ,your ability to weigh up the facts may depend on a less well-recognised trait- 29 .There is now a mountain of 30 to show that politics doesn’t just help predict people’s views on some scientific issues; it alsoaffects how they interpret new information. This is why it is a 31 to think that you can somehow “ correct” people’s views on an issue by giving th em more facts, since study after study has shown that people have a tendency to 32 reject facts that don’t fit with their existing views.But smarter people shouldn’t be susceptible to prejudice swaying their opinions, right? Wrong. Other research shows that people with the most education, highest mathematical abilities, and the strongest tendencies to be reflective about their beliefs are the most 33 to resist information which should contradict their prejudices . This undermines the simplistic assumption that prejudices are the result of too much gut instinct and not enough deep thought. Rather, people who have the 34 for deeper thought about an issue can use those cognitive powers to justify what they already believe and find reasons to dismiss apparently_ 35 evidence.Section BHow to Fix the Internet[A] We have to fix the internet. After 40 years, it has begun to corrode, both itself and us . It is still a marvelous and miraculous invention, but now there are bugs in the foundation, bats in the belfry, and trolls in the basement.[B] I do not mean this to be one of those technophobic rants insulting the interne for rewiring our brains to give us the nervous attention span of Donald Trump on Twitter or pontificating about how we have to log off and smell the flowers. Those worries about new technologies have existed ever since Plato was concerned that the technology of writing would threaten memorization and oratory (演讲术) .I love the interne and all of its digital offshoots. What I feel sad for is its decline.[C]There is a bug in its original design that at first seemed like a feature but has gradually, and now rapidly, been exploited by hackers and trolls and malevolent actors: Its packets are encoded with the address of their destination but not of their authentic origin. With a circuit-switched network, you can track or trace back the origins of the information, but that’s not true with the packet-switched design of the internet.[D]Compounding this was the architecture that Tim Berners-Lee and the inventors of the early browsers created for the World Wide Web. It brilliantly allowed the whole of the earth’s computers to be webbed together and navigated through hyperlinks. But the links were one-way. You knew where the links took you . But if you had a webpage or pi ece of content, you didn’t exactly know who was linking to you or coming to use your content.[E]All of that protected the potential for anonymity. You could make comments anonymously. Go to a webpage anonymously. Consume content anonymously. With a little effort, send email anonymously . And if you figured out a way to get into someone’s servers or da tabases, you could do it anonymously.[F]For years, the benefits of anonymity on the net outweighed its drawbacks. People felt more free to express themselves, which was especially valuable if they were holding different opinions or hiding a personal secret. This was celebrated in the famous 1993 New Yorker cart oon, “On the Internet, nobody knows you’re a dog.”[G]Now the problem is nobody can tell if you’re a troll. Or a hacker . Or a bot .Or a Macedonian (马其顿的) teenager publishing a story that the Pope has supported Trump . This haspoisoned civil discourse, enabled hacking, permitted cyberbullying , and made email a risk.[H]The lack of secure identification and authentication ( 身份认证) inherent in the internet’s genetic code had also prevented easy transactions, obstructed financial inclusion, destroyed the business models of content creators, unleashed the overflow of spam ( 垃圾邮件) ，and forced us to use passwords and two-factor authentication schemes that would have confused Houdini. The trillions being spent and the IQ points of computer science talent being allocated to tackle security issues make it a drag, rather that a spur, to productivity in some sectors.[I]It Pla to’s Republic, we learn the tale of the Ring of Gyges. Put it on , and you’re invisibl e and anonymous. The question that Plato asks is whether those who put on the ring will be civil and moral. He thinks not, The internet has proven him correct. The web is no longer a place of community, no longer a marketplace. Every day more sites are eliminating comments sections.[J]If we could start from scratch, here’s what I think we would do：Greate a system that enables content producers to negotiate with aggregators ( 整合者) and search engines to get a royalty whenever their content is used, like ASCAP has negotiated for public performances and radio airings of its members’ works. Embed (嵌入) a simple digital wallet and currency for quick and easy small payments for songs, blogs, articles , and whatever other digital content is for sale. Encode emails with an authenticated return or originating address. Enforce critical properties and security at the lowest levels of the system possible, such as in the hardware or in the programming language, instead of leaving it to programmers to incorporate security into everyline of code they write. Build chips and machines that update the notion of an internet packet. For those who want, their packets could be encoded or tagged with metadata ( 元数据) that describe what they contain and give the rules for how it can be used.[K]M ost internet engineers think that these reforms are possible, from Vint Cerf, the original TCP/IP coauthor, to Milo Medin of Google, to Howard Shrobe, the director of cybersecurity at MIT. “We don’t need to live in cyber hell,”Shrobe has argued. Implementing them is less a matter of technology than of cost and social will .Some people, understandably, will resist any reduction of anonymity, which they sometimes label privacy.[L]S o the best approach, I think, would be to try to create a voluntary system, for those who want to use it, to have verified identification and authentication. People would not be forced to use such a system. If they wanted to communicate and surf anonymously, they could. But those of us who choose, at times, not to be anonymous and not to deal with people who are anonymous should have that right as well. That’s the way it works in the real world.[M]T he benefits would be many. Easy and secure ways to deal with your finances and medical records. Small payment systems that could reward valued content rather than the current incentive to concentrate on clickbait for advertising. Less hacking, spamming, cyberbullying, trolling, and spewing of anonymous hate . And the possibility of a more civil discourse.36.The one-way hyperlinks enable users to do many things online anonymously.37.Although anonymity can make people conceal their identity online, now it has poisoned their online life.38.To adopt the voluntary system would be advantageous to our online life in a number of aspects.39.There are several ways to reduce anonymity if we can rebuild the internet from the very beginning.40.The author suggested inventing a system to let people go online anonymously or not as they wish.41.The author thinks the internet should be fixed not because he is afraid of new technologies but because problems arise in it.42.Pubic opposition could become one of the biggest obstacles to carrying out the reforms.43.The hazard of anonymity mentioned by Plato has been shown on the internet.44.People used to think that anonymity online did more good than harm.45.It is the design of the internet that makes it impossible to find out where the information comes from. Section C Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.In today’s world, online social media has become more powerful and the most destructive thing over worldwide. Although with time all generations have come to embrace the changes social network has brought about, teenagers and young adults are the most fanatic users of these sites. According to various research studies in the field of online social networks, it has been revealed that these sites are impacting the lives of the youth greatly. When using these sites such as Twitter, Facebook or Myspace, there are both positive and negative effects on the youth.Firstly, social media helps the youth and any other userupdated with what is happening around the world, and helps the teenagers stay connected and interact with each other even if they are many miles apart. This strengthens their relationship. Even if they finished school and moved to different locations, they stay connected and update one another.In addition, social media sites have provided a platform whereby the youth can create groups and pages based on their common discipline and end up building connections and opportunities for their respective careers by updating various topics to discuss. Youth who have been interviewed say that social media has become their lifestyle and it makes their lives easier and more efficient.While on the one hand social network sites seem to bring people together and stay connected, on the other hand it causes many physical and mental health problems such as eyes infection, back problems, etc. Other negative effects of social networking various people suggested included encouraging poor spelling and grammar, exposing underage to online predators ( 捕食者) , allowing spread of misinformation that is seen as fact, decreasing productivity as those who are supposed to e working spend time in the sites to chat, providing a perfect platform for cyberbullying and providing details that increase risks of identity theft.“The more social media we have, the more we think we’re connecting, yet we are really disconnecting from each other.”In conclusion, social networking clearly portrays both positive and negative effects on the youth. It is the decision of individuals whether to use it in a right way or wrong.46.According to the first paragraph, .A)both online and offline social media have developed quicklyB)social medial sites are always being attackedC)the effects of social medial were welcomed in the beginningD)the most crazy fans of social medial are the youth47.What is young people’s purpose in adopting the platform offered by social media sites?A. To improve their academic performance.B)To lay the foundation for their future careers.C)To practice their debate skills.D)To change their way of living.48.What does the author mainly imply about the disadvantages of social networking?A)Increasing the prevalence of oral errors. B) Putting minors in danger.C) Spreading falsehoods and rumors. D) Leaki ng users’ personal information.49.The author’s attitude towards social media is .A)objective B) positive C) negative D) impassive50.What’s the main topic of this passage?A)The introduction of online social media history.B)The research on online social media.C)The influence of online social media on the youth.D)The correct way to use online social media.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.Cutting toxic levels of city air pollution to safer levels is simple, but not easy-it requires resolve. Yet, despite the key culprit (罪犯) in the UK being well known-diesel (柴油机的) vehicles-the government has been asleep at the wheel for years.Levels of nitrogen dioxide (二氧化氮) have been illegally highacross much of the UK since 2010. In 2015 86% of major urban areas broke annual limits. Cutting this pollution means choking off diesel emissions and there is a wide range of effective measures available.Creating zones in city centres where polluting care are either banned or charged is important, while making cities safe for cycling cuts traffic too.Cleaner buses and taxis have an important role to play and change to the perverse taxes that encourage people to buy diesel over cleaner cars is needed. There is also some support for a revival of a scrappage scheme which saw dirty old bangers taken off the road.The environment and transport departments were well aware of all this and proposed many of these measures internally, only for the Treasury to reject most of them, arguing they “ would be political ly very difficult, especially given the impacts on motorists.”Motorists happen to be particularly badly exposed to air pollution, but the real political difficulty for the government is two humiliating legal defeats in two years where judges ruled its air pollution plans were so bad they were illegal.Ministers have now been forced to come up with a third plan, but clean air zones and car tax changes take time to clean up the air. Yet the UK government is also in the slow lane when it comes to emergency measures.When foul air descended on Paris in December, officials there swung into action. Public transport was made free and the number of cars allowed on roads was restricted, alternately barring those with odd and even licence plates. In the UK, during the same December smog, the government sent a few tweets.At the root of the problem are diesel cars, which successive governments across Europe have utterly failed to ensure meet legal emissions limits when driving in real-world conditions on the road. The gaming of regulatory tests by carmakers was blown open by the Volkswagen scandal. The scandal of governments prioritising supposed driver freedom over the lungs and health of their citizens is only now playing out.51.What does the author think of fixing air pollution in the first paragraph？A)It is a piece of cake. B) It needs political will.C) It is the main problem. D) It has a lone way to go.52.The aim of those in favor of a scrappage scheme is .A)to reduce diesel emissions B) to encourage the use of old carsC) to retire low-end old vehicles D) to cut own on traffic accidents53.It can be inferred from the passage that the Treasury .A)was quite clear about the current situation of air pollutionB)opposed almost every proposal about reducing air pollutionC)believed the anti-pollution measures to be unaffordableD)made such objections partly due to the effects on drivers54.Why do the UK ministers have to put forward a third air pollution plan?A)Because drivers are suffering the most from sir pollution.B)Because the first two plans were found illegal by the judges.C)Because long-term solutions are ignored by the government.D)Because emergency measures are falling behind.55.Which of the following measures did the Frenchgovernment take when smog suddenly arrived in December?A)Establishing clean air zones. C) Limiting vehicles based on license plate number.B)Reforming car taxes. D) Posting several announcements on Twitter.Part ⅣTranslation (30 minutes)西汉时期，中国的船队就达到了印度和斯里兰卡（Sri Lanka）,用中国的丝绸换取了琉璃（colored glaze）、珍珠等物品。
2016公共英语pets4完型填空专项试题及答案
EXERCISE 1Information Technology1982 was the year of information technology in Great Britain. But what exactly is infotech? 85% of the people __1 recently had not a clue what it means, __2 53% of those polledsaid they thought it sounded pretty important.They were __3.It is.So what is it? Well, put simply,it is the marry-upof products 4 several key industries:computers, telephone, televisions, satellites.It means __5 microelectronics, telecommunication networks fibre optics_6 produce,store,obtain and send information by way of words,numbers,pictures and sound__7 and efficiency than ever before.The —8— infotech is having and is going to have on our lives and work istremendous.It is already linking the skills of the space industry with __9 of cable television,so programmes can be beamed directly into our homes 10__ allover the world. Armies of steel collarworkers,the robots,will soon be working in factories doing the boring,complex and __11 jobs which are atpresent still done by man. In someareas __12 the car industry this has already started.television will also be used to enable customers __13 fromthe comfort of their homes by simply ordering 14__ the TVscreen, payment being made by direct debit of their credit cards.The automatic booking of tickets will also be done through thetelevision__15 .Cable television __16 inmany countries now gives a choice of 17__ channels will soonbe used to 18 our homes by operating burglar and firealarms 19 to police and fire puters will runour homes,controling the heating,air-conditioned and cooking systems 20 robot will cope with the housework.the friendly postman will be a thing of the past as the post service and letters disappear with the electronic mail received via viewdata screens.1)A polling B being polled C polled D having been polled2)A so B although C however D but3)A right B wrong C mad D crazy4)A from B in C to D for5)A to use B to be used C being used D using6)A to help B to helping C to be helped D to being helped7)A very quickly B more quickly C quicklier D most quickly8)A force B affect C impact D control9)A those B that C which D the one10)A from B in C across D thoughtout11)A interesting B dull C unpleasant D happy12)A for example B for instance C like D such as13)A shop B to shop C shopping D to shopping14)A on B via C within D by15)A screen B machine C set D show16)A where B in which C which D it17)A a dozen Bdozen C dozen of D dozens of18)A protect B clean C run D manage19)A related B associated C linked D joined20)A while B because C since D for参考答案：1--5 CBAAD 6--10 ABCAA11--15 CDBBA 11--15 CDACAEXERCISE 2The Central Problem of EconomicsThe central problem of economics is to satisfy the peoples and nations wants.The problem we faced with is that our resources,here identified as money are _1__.The only way we can solve the problem is to _2__ choices.After looking at our resources,we must examine our list of _3_ and identify the things we need immediately , _4_ we can postpone,and those we cannot afford.As individuals,we face the central problem involved in economics ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- d ecideing howto allocate our limited resources to _5_ ourselves with greatest satisfaction of our wants.Nations face _6_ problem. As a countrys population_7—, the need for more goods and services grows correspondingly. Resources necessary to production may increase,but there _8— are enough resources to satisfy the total desires of a nation.Whether the budget meeting is _9_ in the family living room,in the conference room of the corporation __10_ of directors,or in the chamber of the House of Representatives in Washington,the basic problem still exists.We need to find _11__ of allocating limited resources in order to satisfy unlimited wants.A short time ago,economists _12_ goods into two categories,free and economic.The former.,like air and water,were in _13__ abundance that economists had no concern for them.After all,economists is the _14__ of scarcity and what to do about it.Today many of these free goods are _15—very expensive to use.Population has made clean air and water _16__ for producers who have to filter their waste products,for consumers whoultimately _17_ the producers extra cost,and _18_ taxpayers who pay for the governments involvement _19— the environment.In the 1990s,almost all goods are scares.Only by effort and money_20_ obtained in the from people wish.1)A abundant B scarce C limited D unlimited2)A have B do C make D ask3)A want B resources C want D problem4)A some B others C that D those5)A bring B provide C take D satisfy6)A another B the same C the other D a same7)A growing B grown C grows D grow8)A sometimes B always C often D never9)A taking place B happening C replacing D taking the place10)A board B group C management D function11)A means B approach C ways D method12)A seperate B divide C cut D divided13)A a so B great C such D such an14)A study B form C means D source15)A particularly B in practice C pracitally D in reality16)A cheaper B more expensive C expensive D cheap17)A pay for Bwill pay for C use D will use18)A the B with C for D also19)A cleaning B in cleaning C about cleaning D clean20)A they can be B they must beC must they beD can they be参考答案：1--5 CCADB 6--10BCDAA11--15CDCAD 16--20BACBDEXERCISE 3Grandma Moses is among the most celebrated twentieth-century painters of the United States,yet she __1_ painting before she was in her late seventies.As she once spoken __2_ herself: I would never sit back in a rocking chair,__3_ for some to help me.No one could have a 4 old age.She was born Anna Mary Robertson _5_ a farm in New York State,one of five boys and girls.(We came in bunches,_6— radishes.) At twelve she left home and was _7_ domestic service until ,at twnety-seven,she _8_ Thomas Moses,one of the hired hands of her employers.They farms most of their _9__,first in Virginia and then inNew York State,_10__ Eagle Bridge.She had ten children,of _11__ five survived; her husband died in 1927.Grandma Moses _12__ a little as a child and made embroidery pictures as a _13—, but only switched to oil in old age because her hands become too stiff __14_, and she wanted to keep busyand pass the time.Her _15__ were first sold at the local drugstore and at a fair, and were soon _16__ by a dealer who bought everything _17__ she painted.Three of the pictures were exhibition in the museum of Modern Art,and in 1940 she had her first exhibition in New York .__18_ the 1930s and her death she produced some 2000 pictures;detailed and lively portrayals of the _19__ life she had known for so long ,with a marvellous _20__ of color and form. I think real hard till think of something real pretty,and then I pain it.she said.1)A barely startedt B was barely stratedC had barely startedD barely start2)A about B of C on D over3)A waiting B to waiting C and writing D am writing4)A very productive B productiveC most productiveD more productive5)A in B at C on D about6)A unlike B like C likely D unlikely7)A for B in C at D under8)A married with B married to C marry D married9)A life B live C lives D lifes10)A in B at C under D on11)A whom B which C that D who12)A worked B read C studied D painted13)A job B fun C hobby D interest14)A sewing B to sew C to sewing D to be sewing15)A books B pictures C arts D clothes16)A spotted B recognized C damaged D featured17)A which B who C whom D that18)A for B in C during D between19)A urban B town C rural D suburban20)A feeling B sense C consciousness D feature 参考答案：1--5 CBADC 6--10 BBDCB11--15 ADCBB 16--20 ADDCB。