jack杰克伦敦的自然主义及个人简介
杰克伦敦英文简介
杰克伦敦英文简介杰克伦敦的英文简介甘绍旭整理Jack London was a very famous realistic writer of the United States, whose name at birth was John Griffith London. He was also a strong sailor and a war correspondent. He was born on January 12, 1876 in San Francisco, California. It is believed that he is the illegitimate son of an astrologer whose name was William Chaney. His family was very poor----no fixed occupations, and no fixed residence, either. So Jack had to leave school to make a living and support his family. Jack’s extensive lif e experiences included: being a laborer, factory worker, oyster pirate on the San Francisco Bay, member of the California Fish Patrol, sailor, railroad hobo, and gold prospector (in the Klondike from 1897-1898).In his twenty, Jack entered the university of California. But he dropped out of school after a semester because of the poverty. In the year 1897, he went to Alaska to find gold. Instead of getting much gold, he found ideas for his books and stories. So he went back home and began to write. In 1900, he published his first novel---The Son of the Wolf, immediately draw most of the people’s attention. From then on, he continued to publish a series of short novels, and began to have a place in the American literature world. Later Jack become the best-selling, highest paid and most popular American author of his time. He was prolific: fifty-one of his books and hundreds of his articles had been published. All of these works can be divided into three big types: one describes the people in the nature; one describes the people in the city; one is the thesis. The works which describe the people in the nature also can be divided into two types: aboutthe life of the polar region, about the life of the sea. His most notable books include The Call of the Wild (origi nally entitled “The Sleeping Wolf”) which was published in 1903, belongs to the type which is about the life of the polar region. The Iron Heel, White Fang, The Sea-Wolf (original ly entitled “Mercy of the Sea”),which is the symbolic work about people’s life of the sea. The People of the Abyss (a sociological treatise about the slums of London, England), John Barleycorn, Martin Eden, and The Star Rover. His short story, “To Build A Fire”, is considered to be an all-time classic. His writings have been translated into several dozen languages and to all of his works were widely read throughout the world. Most of his works are full of positive emotions: energetic, enjoying, enthusiastic, exhilarated and brave, and full of hardworking. Erving Stone, an American biography nove list, called Jack London “the Father of the Proletarian Literature in the United States ” in his biography about Jack London----Sailor on Horseback. As his writings were warmly welcomed and he became rich and famous when he was under thirty . But Jack London was not a happy man. In poor health. He took his own life in 1916. He was then only forty years old.私生子出身的杰克·伦敦对个人主义和超人哲学的信奉与其童年的苦难记忆有关。
Part 4 Jack London (2) 杰克伦敦
"I would rather be ashes than dust! I would rather that my spark should burn out in a brilliant blaze than it should be stifled by dry rot. I would rather be a superb meteor, every atom of me in magnificent glow, than a sleepy and permanent planet. The proper function of man is to live, not to exist. I shall not waste my days in trying to prolong them. I shall use my time"
The Coming of American Naturalism: Industrialism produced financial giants, but at the same time created an industrial proletariat entirely at the mercy of external forces beyond their control. Slums appeared in great numbers where conditions became steadily worse. 美国文学自然主义的到来 工业的发展带来来了财富上的成功，与此同时，任由外在 的，人们无法控制的力量的摆布，工人无产阶级也出现了。 城市里出现了大量的贫民窟。
自然主义是19世纪末新的，更严厉的自然主义。它驳斥了道 德法则的安慰作用，尝试着去实现一种客观和直白，把社会 底层角色任由他们的环境和出身摆布的命运呈现出来。
jack london
Jack London
His stories involve the primitive struggle of strong and weak individuals in the context of irresistible natural forces such as the wild sea or the arctic wastes.
United States
Occupation Novelist, journalist, short story writer and essayist
Literary
Realism and Naturalism
movement
Jack London
Jack London was an American author, journalist, and social activist.
Martin Eden
Social class - and Eden's perceptions of it - is a very important theme in the novel. Eden is a sailor from a working class background, who feels uncomfortable but inspired when he first meets the bourgeois Morse family. Spurred on by his love for Ruth Morse, he embarks on a program of self-education, with the aim of becoming a renowned writer and winning Ruth's hand in marriage. As his education progresses, Eden finds himself increasingly distanced from his working class background and surroundings. Eventually, when Eden finds that his education has far surpassed that of the bourgeoisie he looked up to, he finds himself more isolated than ever.
Jack London杰克伦敦简介
His work is concrete, vivid and profound, and it reflects people's lives of all levels in the United States. In this sense, London is indeed one of the typical representatives of American society and culture at that time.
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冒险 生活
他原可以在成功与安定的环境里继续写作， 但他不是个安分人，他的血管里燃烧着火 焰，总是渴望着新的沸腾的生活，于是他 开始了记者生涯。应美国新闻社的委派， 他去非洲采访波尔战争，到了伦敦，新闻 社中途改变了计划，来电不要他去了。这 时他却以美国水手的身份到伦敦贫民窟中 住了三个多月，深入那里的生活，作了详 细得调查。1904年他接受了赫斯特报系的 聘请，去远东采访日俄战争的消息。这时 杰克·伦敦已经誉满全国，有了丰厚的经济 收入，但他仍不满足于平静的生活。1906 年，他决定建造一艘船，自己驾着去环游 世界。
Love of Life
This is the most famous novel written by Jack London. The book talks about the process of a lost gold digger’s struggle for survival. He even meets a sick wolf in his route and wins the fight with it. At last, he successfully gets survived and his life takes on an altogether new glory. This story vividly shows the greatness of humanity and persistence.
Jack London introduction
中文名：杰克·伦敦 外文名：Jack London 别名： 约翰·格利菲斯·伦敦国籍：美国出生地： 旧金山 出生日期： 1876年1月12日 逝世日期： 1916年11月22日 职业： 作家 代表作品： 《野性的呼唤》，《海狼》，《白牙》，《马丁·伊登》简介美国小说家。
生于旧金山，他来自“占全国人口十分之一的贫困“浪花号”上的杰克伦敦不堪的底层阶级”。
大约是个占星术家的私生子，在一个既无固定职业又无固定居所的家庭中长大。
是美国著名的现实主义作家。
美国传记小说家伊尔文·斯通在他的《马背上的水手》里称他是美国无产阶级文学之父。
他的作品不仅在美国本土广泛流传，而且受到世界各国人民的欢迎。
他在现代美国文学和世界文学都享有崇高地位。
杰克·伦敦２４岁开始写作，去世时年仅４０岁。
十六年中他共写成长篇小说１９部，短篇小说１５０多篇，还写了３个剧本以及相当多的随笔和论文。
这些作品共同为我们展示了一个陌生又异常广阔的世界：那荒凉空旷又蕴藏宝藏的阿拉斯加，波涛汹涌岛屿星罗棋布的太平洋，横贯美洲大陆的铁路线，形形色色的鲜活人物，人与自然的严酷搏斗，人与人之间错综复杂的社会关系……杰克·伦敦的创作，笔力刚劲，语言质朴，情节富于戏剧性。
他常常将笔下人物置于极端严酷，生死攸关的环境之下，以此展露人性中最深刻、最真实的品格。
杰克·伦敦赞美勇敢、坚毅和爱这些人类的高贵的品质，他笔下那“严酷的真实”常常使读者受到强烈的心灵震撼。
伟大的革命导师列宁在病榻上时，曾特意请人朗读小说，其中就有杰克·伦敦的短篇小说《热爱生命》。
列宁给予这部小说很高的评价。
写作风格他的作品独树一帜，充满筋肉暴突的生活和阳刚之气，最受男子汉的欢迎。
有人说在他之前的美国小说在写作大都是为姑娘们写的，而他的作品则属于全体读者，不但普通读者欢迎，就是大家闺秀们也喜欢放下窗帘关上大门偷偷去品味他那精力旺盛、气势逼人的作品。
杰克伦敦资料
那时正是美国大萧条的1904年，他参加了从旧金山到华盛 顿去请愿的失业者队伍，向东海岸进发。他途中因故脱离 了队伍，便偷乘火车在北美大陆流浪，跟车警、乘务员捉 迷藏，周游全国，以此为乐。他曾经被捕，罚作了三十天 苦役，亲眼见到了美国监狱里骇人听闻的现实。出狱后他 偷乘西去的列车到了加拿大西海岸，再从那做水手南下， 回到旧金山。这次特别形式的旅游给了他丰富的人生体验， 尤其是贫困的流浪汉的体验。他明白了一个道理：最能够 关心穷苦人的往往是穷苦人。他对读书一直就有兴趣，就 连在做蚝贼时也在他的小艇上读过许多书。流浪归来他开 始大量阅读。他读过圣西门、傅立叶、蒲鲁东的作品，明 白了私有财产的罪恶；他甚至读马克思的《共产主义宣 言》，大体懂得了共产主义是怎么回事。为了读书他十九 岁时进了奥克兰中学，准备考大学，同时加入了社会党。 他参加工人集会，发表激烈的演说，主张破坏现有的社会 秩序，并曾经因此被捕。在奥克兰中学读书时他在学校的 报纸上发表了小说《小笠原群岛》，连载了两个月，这样， 他从事文12日出生在美国加利福尼亚州一个 破产的农民家庭。童年时的他就已饱尝了贫穷困苦的滋味。 8岁的时候，为了谋生，他不得不到一个畜牧场当牧童。 10岁以后，他开始在旧金山附近的奥克兰市当报童、码头 小工、帆船水手、麻织厂工人等。这期间，杰克·伦敦开始 阅读大量的小说和其他读物。16岁时，他失业了，不得不 在美国东部和加拿大各地流浪，住在大都市的贫民窟里， 并曾以“无业游荡罪”而被捕入狱，几个月以后才重获自 由。
杰克 伦敦 (Jack London)
人物介绍
杰克·伦敦，原名为约翰·格利菲斯·伦敦（John Griffith London），美国著名的现实主义作家，生于 旧金山。20世纪初西方辱华作家的急先锋。他在一 个既无固定职业又无固定居所的家庭中长大。24岁 开始写作，去世时年仅40岁。从1900年起，他连续 发表和出版了许多小说，讲述美国下层人民的生活 故事，揭露资本主义社会的罪恶。他的作品大都带 有浓厚的社会主义和个人主义色彩。他的作品在全 世界都广为流传，是最受中国读者欢迎的外国作家 之一。他一生著述颇丰，16年中留下了19部长篇小 说、150多篇短篇小说以及大量文学报告集，还写了 3个剧本以及相当多的随笔和论文。最著名的有《马 丁 伊登》、《野性的呼唤》、《白牙》、《热爱生 命》等小说。他是世界文学史上最早的商业作家之 一，因此被誉为商业作家的先锋。
美国作家杰克伦敦的作品简介
美国作家杰克伦敦的作品简介杰克·伦敦（1876－1916），原名为约翰·格利菲斯·伦敦（John Griffith London），美国著名的现实主义作家，生于旧金山。
20世纪初西方辱华作家的急先锋（有网上介绍这么写的）。
他在一个既无固定职业又无固定居所的家庭中长大。
24岁开始写作，去世时年仅40岁（据说死于毒品过量）。
从1900年起，他连续发表和出版了许多小说，讲述美国下层人民的生活故事，揭露资本主义社会的罪恶。
他的作品大都带有浓厚的社会主义和个人主义色彩。
他的作品在全世界都广为流传，是最受中国读者欢迎的外国作家之一。
杰克·伦敦一生着述颇丰，16年中留下了19部长篇小说、150多篇短篇小说以及大量文学报告集，还写了3个剧本以及相当多的随笔和论文。
最著名的有自传体的《马丁·伊登》，而《野性的呼唤》和《白牙》分别写了狗重回蛮荒变成狼和狼走出蛮荒成为狗两个方向，还有《热爱生命》等小说。
杰克·伦敦的作品曾收录入中学课本，笔者也曾经阅读过他的作品，感觉写的还可以。
直到今天，收集资料时发现杰克·伦敦的黑历史，这是一个白人种族主义者！可惜我曾经的喜欢。
杰克·伦敦1904年发表《黄祸》一文，1908年和1910年分别写了两部小说《中国佬》和《空前绝后的入侵》（又译作“前所未有的入侵”），以及其他涉及中国海外移民题材的《白与黄》、《黄丝帕》、《陈阿春》、《阿金的眼泪》等多篇作品。
他污蔑中国人为“劣等民族”，是对欧美白人世界构成威胁的“黄祸”，必须对之实施“种族灭绝”。
扬言“白人是一个伟大的种族，地球的一半和海洋的全部都是他们的世袭财产”。
《空前绝后的入侵》是一篇浓缩了西方殖民话语特征的一个非驴非马的“文本”：它既没有情节，又没有人物塑造；既没有故事，又没有推理；既不是科幻，又不是短篇小说；既不是论文，又不是历史研究。
然而，这个“文本”于1910年2月发表在当时十分畅销的Mcclure's上。
杰克伦敦
马丁·伊登 马丁 伊登是个出身低微的水手，出于偶然结识了上层小 伊登 姐露丝。马丁自惭形秽，发奋求学，并产生了强烈的创作 欲，于是走上了文学写作的道路。但是出版界对他的作品 一概拒之门外，露丝也对他大泼冷水。马丁却并不气馁。 露丝因阶级观念的差别与马丁在人生观上越来越格格不入， 便与马丁分手了。 这时命运开始眷顾马丁了。他的作品突然受到出版界 的青睐，各大出版商争相出版他的作品，甚至连以前的东 西也变得洛阳纸贵。上流社会头面人物纷纷主动与他相交， 露丝也表示要重续前情，甚至愿意委身于他。然而,上流 社会并没有真正接纳马丁,只是出于人云亦云的盲从。好 友的死以及对生活感到极大的空虚、对生命意义的迷惘让 马丁选择了跳海而死.
那上面 摆着一排排的硬面包，褥子也给硬面包塞得满 满的；每一个角落里都塞满了硬面包。然 而他的神志非常清醒。他是在防备可能发生的 另一次饥荒——就是这么回事。研究科学 的人说，他会恢复常态的；事实也是如此。
马丁伊登
让我此生在热血沸腾中度过！让我沉醉在醇酒 般的梦里，莫使我这泥塑的肉身，眼见着终以 空虚的躯壳毁于尘泥！
《嘉莉妹妹》 嘉莉妹妹》
美貌天真的农村姑娘嘉莉妹妹羡慕大城市的物质生活， 来到芝加哥做女工，每天工作得筋疲力尽，依然不够 维持日常开销。为生活所迫、也为了获得她一直梦想 的富裕生活，她当了一个年轻的推销员杜洛埃的情妇。 后来，酒店经理赫斯渥爱上了她，他从酒店的保险柜 里偷走了一万元，带她一起逃到纽约。二人同居后， 赫斯渥运气不佳，找工作四处碰壁，穷困潦倒。嘉莉 离开他，由于偶然的机会成了名演员。最后，赫斯渥 在乞丐收容所里结束了自己的生命。嘉莉虽然春风得 意，有了金钱和地位，但仍然惆怅空虚，坐在摇椅里， “梦想着永远不会感得的幸福”。
铁蹄
政治幻想小说 大同世界 革命英雄——埃弗哈德 ，社会主义者
杰克伦敦
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杰克. 伦敦( Jack London, 1875一1916) 原名约翰. 格利 菲斯. 伦敦( John Gr iffith London), 生于美国旧金山。 1900年, 伦敦24 岁时出版了他的第一部小说集<<狼子 >>( The Son of the Wolf), 立即誉满全国。 到1916年他年满40时, 已出版了51部著作, 是个很高产的 作家。 他的作品在当时独树一帜, 充满了生命间激烈的搏斗与冲 突, 凸显着生 命的气势。如果说后来海明威的作品中是以人与自然的抗 争为主题, 那么在伦敦的许多作品中, 不仅可以看到人与 自然的抗争, 还可以看到在同一艰苦的自然环境中为了生 存人与动物, 以及动物之间的对抗, 如: <<荒野的呼唤>>、 <<热爱生命>>。在这些对抗中, 人类为欲望所驱使展现出 的原始的野性, 动物因与人类真挚的感情所表现出的人性 都被淋漓尽致地刻画出来。
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主人公
这部脍炙人口的动物小说, 开创了一种新体裁的写作风格, 选择巴克作为故事的主人公是富有深意的。 巴克是一只狗, 是跨越了人类和狼两种群体的生命形 式,“他连接了过去和现在”。狗是人类文明的产物, 是 从狼演变而来的, 没有人类文明, 它们大概仍旧只会在黑 夜的荒原上嗥叫。从这个角度说, 从狼到狗是一道文明的 履痕。犬科动物与灵长目建立起来的联系不像驯养马那样 具有创造历史的意义,却也构成了可能对人类社会和文明 产生持久而重要影响的一种共生。 人类从荒原时代进入文明的社会是一种进步, 但人类从开 始分享文明的盛宴时,也就开始了自身的堕落。对于我们 这些在现代文明中早已被驯化, 且无知于这种驯化的人类 而言, 这本书无疑为我们开拓了另外一片视野。
JackLondon英文简介
Jack London英文简介杰克·伦敦，美国现实主义作家，一共写过19部长篇小说，150多篇短篇小说和故事，3部剧本等，下面是店铺给大家整理的Jack London英文简介，供大家参阅!Jack London简介Jack London, formerly known as John Griffith London (January 12, 1876 - November 22, 1916), American realist writer. He has written 19 novels, more than 150 short stories and stories, 3 plays and so on. The main works are: novel collection "wolf's son", novella "wild call", "love life", "white teeth", novel "sea wolf", "iron hoof" and "Martin Eden" and so on.Jack London was born in 1876 in San Francisco, a bankrupt family of farmers. Because of family poverty, since childhood engaged in physical labor. When child labor, loading and unloading workers and sailors, and then wandering around the United States. Rely on labor income was admitted to the University of California at Berkeley, because of poverty was forced to drop out after joining Alaska and other gold rush ranks. In the early years of the rough life experience for his later engaged in the creation of a rich source, his creative thinking is more complex, by Marx, Spencer, Nietzsche and other people influence, in his youth works, beating to the capitalism The pulse of social challenges, after the fame gradually into extreme individualism and emptiness, November 22, 1916 taking morphine over death.Jack London人物经历Early experienceJack London was born on January 12, 1876 in California, a bankrupt family of farmers. In childhood he had the taste ofpoverty and hardship. At the age of eight, in order to make a living, he had to go to a livestock farm as a shepherd. After the age of 10, he began in San Francisco near the city of Auckland when the newsboy, dock workers, sailors sailors, lin factory workers and so on. During this period, Jack London began to read a lot of novels and other books. At the age of 16, he was unemployed, had to wander in the eastern United States and Canada, living in the slums of the metropolis, and was "unemployed loitering" and arrested and imprisoned, a few months later to regain freedom.The poor and the lack of joy in childhood made Jack London mature early. Jack London had to work halfway from the age of 10, and whenever possible, he would spend his time reading. At the age of nine, Jack London has been familiar with the Washington Wales wrote the Spanish travel "Al Khan La". He also read some of the novels borrowed from the hired workers, what he caught at what. Jack London 11 years old left the ranch came to Auckland, in the free public library hungry to read the first book can be borrowed. Until 16 years old, he has been working - reading, reading - workmanship. Because the poor Jack London primary school after graduation to work, about 10 years old began to do newsboy and canned workers, in the street fighting in the training of a skill, became a small rogue head. His favorite activity is driving a vessel. At the age of 13, he had been driving the boat through the storm in the San Francisco Bay, others almost hard to believe, but that is the truth. Later, he saved a little money, bought a boat, the original is for fun, and soon after they met the ostrich thieves, they also do not like the cost of doing business. He gathered a group of companions, sailing to steal the San Francisco Bay farmer's oysters, and even burn someone else'sboats. He fights alcoholism, laughs and races, and battles on hundreds of miles of sea. Soon he met the Bay Patrol, and vice versa to catch the oyster thieves.At the age of 17 he was on a hunting boat sailor, after North Korea, Japan, to the Bering Sea area to go hunting seals. On the way he passed the cold, storm, the most heavy hard labor training, participated in the hunting of various activities of the seal. Because from childhood in the Gulf to play the boat, he was a boat, in the age of the ship was small but won the praise of the owner and colleagues. But also because of the small beaten, able to participate in the sailors are the most brutal activities, so he paid a lot of friends, listening to many interesting and terrible stories. These are valuable materials of his ocean novels. "Sea Wolf" describes the rich life of the hunting seal ship is a wonderful example. The ocean life was so hard, but he did not forget to read, and when he returned to San Francisco Bay, he had finished the blessing of Lady Flattery and T olstoy's Anna Card Lenina ".The road to literatureVoyage return to his own experience written as a prose "Japanese Haikou typhoon", participated in the "Voice" magazine writing contest, won the first prize, get twenty dollars (second, three are college students) The Jack London, who had only received primary education, showed his creative talents for the first time, thanks to his usual hard work - he carefully read the excellent works of the literary masters and developed the habit of taking notes. Perhaps he is encouraged by this, embarked on the road of literature.At this time Jack London has been awakened from the early ignorance. He determined to master the most advancedtechnology: electrical, then to the Auckland tram company to job. He told the manager that he was willing to eat what he was trying to master. The manager allowed him to work for thirteen hours a day, without a Sunday, and he was tired and alive. Then he knew that there were actually two workers who had gone to work at the top of the day. The two men were $ 40 a month, eighty yuan, and he took thirty dollars a month. And a person who went to work by his top because there are three sons to feed, but can not for life, committed suicide. This is a very profound lesson for Jack London, he angrily threw out the hands of the coal shovel.The hard labor let him know a terrible truth: no matter how strong and strong, ten years, twenty years after there will always be more young and powerful people to take over him, threw him into the garbage heap.In 1904, he joined the unemployed team from San Francisco to Washington to petition the east coast. He was on the way for some reason out of the team, they steal the train in the North American wandering, with the car police, flight attendants hide and seek, travel around the country, as a pleasure. He was arrested and sentenced to thirty days of hard labor, witnessed the appalling reality of the American prison. After he was released, he steal the train to the west coast of Canada, and then from the sailor south, back to San Francisco. This special form of travel gave him a wealth of life experience, especially the experience of poor tramps. He understood the truth: the most concerned about the poor are often poor people.He has been interested in reading, even when doing Oyster thieves also read many books on his boat. He began to read a lot. He read the works of Saint Simon, Fourier, and Proudhon, and understood the evil of private property; he even read Marx's"communist manifesto" and understood how communism was going on.In order to study he was 19 years old when he entered the Auckland Middle School, ready to test university, while joining the Socialist Party. He attended the workers' rally, delivered a fierce speech, advocated the destruction of the existing social order, and had been arrested. When he was studying at Auckland High School, he published the novel "Ogasawara Islands" in the school's newspaper, which lasted two months, so that he was more interested in literature. In 1897, 21-year-old Jack London entered the University of California at Berkeley (UC Berkeley), but after the shortage of funds from Berkeley dropped out of school.He had hoped to rely on labor for a living, continue to study, but found that it is almost a fantasy. He worked in a laundry workshop, tired and dead, there is no time and energy to study. In his reading dream on the brink of collapse, Alaska found the news of gold, brought him a new hope. In March 1897, Jack London set foot on the gold rush.He got a little support, and three companions prepared eight thousand pounds of material to prepare for the winter in the Crocker. They had overcome the difficulties before the arrival of the winter, and went through the Yukon River near the Arctic, where he spent the winter.On the way to the Yukon River Valley, London's clever craftsmanship gave a wonderful opportunity to perform. They cut their own wood, made two ships, along the Yukon River downstream sailing. On the way they met a turbulent river, many people have tried to pass and fail, that the river is unable to cross the day of danger, but Jack London said he was sure to pass. He really and two companions driving a boat in the crowd of cheersin the Enron through the rapids, and then come back to drive the second boat. This caused a lot of dilemma of the attention of the gold rush, they continue to ask Jack to help the ship through the rapids. Jack London asked each boat for twenty-five dollars in remuneration, he at the helm, and partners together with a scattered wooden boat passing through the dangerous area. They made three thousand dollars for this. They could have earned five more, but they had no time, and they had to go downstream before the winter.He read many books in the winter camp of Yukon River, such as Darwin's "origin of species", Spencer's "primary principle", Marx's "capital theory", and Milton's "Paradise Lost" and Brown Ning's poem. These people in the "sea wolf" to see the sea wolf Larsen read, and Fan Weiden, Brewster discussed.Unfortunately, they did not have fresh fruit and vegetables, Jack London had scurvy, had to go home. He and his companions drove a ship, with 19 days to finish the 1900 miles range, came to the Bering Strait, from there to return to California. In this period of time he has sketched out some of the outline of the novel, and later wrote out for their own to win the immortal fame, but also to some of the people and the dog's story widely circulated, which will have "wild call "Rick the dog and some other people. After returning from Yukon, he had a little money and read many books. He read very hard, working 19 hours a day. He read economics, read history and historical writings, read biology, anthropology and philosophy, and read a lot of literary works. In his novel Martin Eden, the hero Martin Eden who saw a very hard study of this extremely hard life.Jack London's father died, in order to bear the family life, he began to odd jobs. When looking for work, Jack London wrote"down the river", but the manuscript to return to the. Waiting for the date of rejection, he wrote a twenty thousand outrageous serial novel, but also to return to the. Although the manuscripts were returned twice, Jack London was still out of time to write, continue to write new themes. Finally, "mainland magazine" published his first novel - "Cheers for the hurry", royalties only to the 5 yuan. Soon, "black cat" magazine and out of 40 yuan to write a novel, so, finally have a turn for the better.Transition journalistIn 1900, Jack London's first novel collection "The Wolves" was published, immediately for him to obtain a great reputation and considerable generous income. At the invitation of the American News Agency, he went to Africa to interview the Boer War, and in London, the news agency changed the way, calling him not. At that time he was in the United States as a sailor to the London slums lived for more than three months, deep into the life there, made a detailed investigation, made first-hand information, returned after the publication of the newspaper "people in the abyss" The This book made him famous among American socialists.In 1904 he accepted the Hearst newspaper hiring, to the Far East interview the news of the Russo-Japanese War. He came to Japan, saw the Japanese government deliberately retreating the intention of national journalists, they quietly went to Nagasaki, would like to catch a ship to North Korea to the front, but the Japanese police as a Russian spy caught stand up. After the release he took a small motorboat to North Korea's Busan. There is no one hundred people on the motorboat food, can not shelter, only in the cold on the deck to sleep. To Busan he got a canopy boat, hired three non-English-speaking Koreans to help, on theirown driving skills into the Yellow Sea, along the coast, in the cold forty degrees and the wind Sailed for six days and six nights, and finally arrived in Incheon. At this time he has been black and blue, feet, fingers and ears are frozen, but he took a break after the start again. This time he was riding a horse, for several weeks of horseback march took him to Pyongyang, it was already all the war correspondent can reach the most northern point. Where he was put into jail for the second time by the Japanese. After he was released from prison, he was only forty miles away from the front, from which there was a story and a lot of photos, completed the other journalists did not complete the task. He was again threatened with another arrest until he was intervened by the President of the United States. In the completion of the task of the interview, Jack repeatedly in the cold driving a canopy without sailing, so harsh life has a very personal experience. "Sea Wolf" has a vivid description of this life.Roaming the worldIn 1906, he decided to build a ship, driving himself around the world. He is expected to travel for seven years, a week around the earth, but he is not a good financial home, shipbuilding almost became a joke. That boat originally planned to spend seven thousand dollars, in fact, let him spend a few million, and a lot of problems. He can not wait, relied on his ability to sail on the departure, but he reluctantly to the ship to Hawaii, they had to start repair, after repair has been very difficult to open to Australia. The ship has been unable to move forward, he had to sell it to three thousand dollars low, the end of this time although the romantic but failed voyage.However, he still created amazing results in that voyage. He had driven the very bad boat from Hawaii to Massachusetts. Atthat time, the "Pacific Shipping Guide" pointed out that due to the impact of equatorial currents and trade winds, the currents were unusually complicated, and no one had ever traveled, but Jack London had driven a barely repaired ship through his death The He was infected with a strange disease on the way. In the "sea wolf" we read the tropical ocean and trade winds for the poetic description of the material, the material is about from here to get.DeathOn Tuesday, November 21, 1916, Jack London plans to go to New York the next day, and plans to take a long walk to see the Chicago tournament, buy some fine cattle, but that night he took excessive morphine death. There was a book on his desk, and he wrote some numbers of dollars. When he was suffering from uremia, but the doctor that the uremia as his death is not convincing. Then there are only two explanations: suicide, or the calculation of the wrong dose. From his daytime arrangements, not like suicide; but then the important dose calculation is also an error is also difficult to accept.。