托福阅读题型分类
托福阅读题型详解：分类与解题技巧
托福阅读题型详解：分类与解题技巧2023年，随着全球化的进一步发展和跨境教育的日益普及，托福考试已成为了全球范围内最具权威性的语言考试之一。
而在托福考试中，阅读部分一直是考生相对难以突破的一道坎。
本文旨在对托福阅读题型进行分类与解题技巧的详细讲解，帮助考生更好地应对阅读考试。
一、托福阅读题型分类在托福阅读部分，一般分为三大类：细节题、推理题和总结题，下面具体介绍一下三种题型的特点和解题技巧：1.细节题细节题是指以文章中的细节为媒介提出的问题。
所谓细节，便是文章中一些具体的，表层的，量化的或可操作的信息。
细节题主要考查考生对阅读材料的理解程度和记忆力。
具体而言，托福阅读部分的细节题主要有以下类型：A. 主旨细节题主旨细节题是指要求你根据文章中的某一部分，找到该部分的主旨或大意的题目。
解题技巧和句子理解题类似，要求考生准确地理解文章中的每个词汇及其所连接的关系，深入理解文章的主旨和重点。
B. 词汇细节题一般而言，该类细节题目会出现在文章的上下文中，要求考生根据所在的段落，结合上下文的意思和语境，准确理解生词的含义。
有时候，在文章里面出现一些同义替换的搭配，考生必须从文章上下文中寻找到有关铺垫，正确把握词义。
C. 时间细节题时间细节题要求考生根据文章的时间线索，回答来自文章的某一部分的问题。
在答题过程中，重点关注时间标记或者表述来帮助理解答案。
2.推理题推理题一般通过文章材料与题目之间的关系，推断出答案。
与细节题相比，推理题考查考生的逻辑思维能力和推理能力。
具体而言，托福阅读部分的推理题主要有以下类型：A. 推断态度题在此类题目中，通常会给出某人的语境或情况，要求考生根据自己理解的情况或背景，推断出这个人的态度。
此时需要考生仔细分析人物在文章中所扮演的角色，关注思想，性格，语气等方面的具体表现，以此推断出要求的妇女内心态度。
B. 推断论据题推断论据题是在文章中给出的一些事实、细节或例子，要求考生据此推断出文章作出的结论。
托福阅读考试有哪些常考题型
托福阅读考试有哪些常考题型托福阅读题型以及算分详解，希望这篇文章对于大家在进行托福阅读备考的时候有帮助，下面就好一起来看看托福阅读考试有哪些常考题型？2020年托福阅读考试需要完成3篇文章，每篇文章的字数大约有700字左右，每篇文章的出题数是12-14题，平均20分钟/篇。
如果遇到加试，会从考试的四篇文章中随机选取三篇计分。
这三篇文章中所有回答正确的题目数量加起来就是你的阅读总分。
除重要观点题和归类题以外，每道题的分值都是1分，重要观点题的分值可能是2分，归类题为3或4分。
考试所得分数范围：0-30分。
托福阅读题型共分为10种：1. Factual Information questions（事实信息题）2. Negative Factual Information questions（否定事实信息题）3. Inference questions（推论题）4. Rhetorical Purpose questions（修辞目的题）5. Vocabulary questions（词汇题）6. Reference questions（指代题）7. Sentence Simplification questions（句子简化题）8. Insert Text question（句子插入题）9. Prose Summary（文章总结题）10. Fill in a Table（表格填写题）了解了托福阅读的题型，我们再来看一下托福阅读的计分方式：托福阅读以选择题为主，除最后的文章总结题和表格填写题之外，每道题的分值都是1分。
文章总结题满分为2分。
这道题会给出6个选项，要求考生从中选出3个最能概括文章内容的选项。
在评分方面，文章总结题每道题2分。
如果这道题没有选对答案或只选对1个选项，不得分；如果这道题选对2个选项，得1分；如果这道题选对了3个选项，得2分。
表格填写题满分为3分。
这道题会有2或3栏/行表格，包括5个正确答案选项。
托福阅读的十大题型特点
托福阅读的十大题型特点想要有效的提高阅读解题力量，你需要了解一下托福阅读的十大题型特点以及攻略它的小技巧，下面我就和大家共享，来观赏一下吧。
托福阅读的十大题型特点一、列举和并列句列举指的是：First,... Second,... Third,.。
等逐条列出。
并列句是指：A ，B and C，即逐项列出。
它们共同的特征是列出二点或三点以上的条目。
该类型语言点常考的题型是“细节性问题”，主要有两种：1. Which 题型该题型只要求从并列的三顶中选一项作为答案，其它条目与题目无关。
在这种状况下，往往题目的答案出自最终一个选项。
2 . EXCEPT 题型该题型俗称“三缺一”题型，即题目4 个选项中有三个符合文章内容，剩下一个不符合，题目便是要求选出这个不符合文章内容的选项。
例如：All of the following are mentioned as types of evidence concerning handedness EXCEPT 这种题型只适合于考并列、列举句，这是由于它要求其三个选项肯定是文章中消失的，也就是并列或列举之处。
利用这一特点。
我们在读文章的时候就可多留意，如看到并列、列举句，可预想其有可能被考到;如发觉题目中有“三缺一”题型，则应到并列、列举处找答案。
二、否定及转折句托福听力段落题型及解题要点如何用逆向搜寻法得高分如何提高托福听力水平否定句是指带有NO 或NOT ，NEVER 等否定词的句子，而转折句则指带有HOWEVER ，BUT 或RATHER 等关联词引导的句子，它们可以用下面的句型说明：A is not B ，as C ，but is D 。
对于以上的句型常出“推断性问题”。
三、举例句句中由as 或such as ，for example 等引导的短语或句子为举例句，常考“推断性问题”和“细节性问题”。
上面句型中的as C 为插入的举例句。
四、数字与年月文中的数字、年月、日期等经常是出题者留意的考题点，如1996 年10 月第48 题。
托福阅读类型
托福阅读考试的题型大致可分为三大类的题型，基础理解，推理，以及总结类型。
当然也可细化出10大类。
具体分类如下：基础理解类1. 事实信息2. 否定信息3. 句子简化4. 指代5. 词汇推理类6. 推理题7. 目的题8. 插入题总结类9. 文章总结题10. 表格分类题不同类型的题目，对于大家技能的考察也不相同。
基础理解类的题目强调大家的同义替换，总结，扫读及语法的能力。
而对于推理类的题目，则更多得考察大家对文章段落结构的把握以及推论的能力。
总结类题型则强调对文章段落的总结和具体知识点的考察。
因此，对于不同的题型，在回答的技巧和策略上也需要进行调整。
就三大类而言，题目的难度由低到高，总结类的题目可以说难度最高，基础理解类最低，也是占比较高的题型。
所以，如果同学能够提高基础理解类题型准确率，能够很大程度上提高自己的整体阅读成绩。
毕竟，这一大类的题型占到考试比重的80%左右。
一．事实信息题这个类别的题型和否定信息题加在一起可以几乎达到考试整体的百分之四十。
也就是说一篇文章12-14道题可以有4题左右的事实信息和否定信息类的题目。
这类题目的解答通常并不需要阅读完整篇文章或段落，而仅仅需要某一句话，精准的定位能力是回答此类问题的关键。
此类题目多以true来询问，以下题为例：P1.Paleontologists have argued for a long time that the demise of the dinosaurs was caused by climatic alterations associated with slow changes in the positions of continents and seas resulting from plate tectonics. Off and on throughout the Cretaceous (the last period of the Mesozoic era, during which dinosaurs flourished), large shallow seas covered extensive areas of the continents. Data from diverse sources, including geochemical evidence preserved in seafloor sediments, indicate that the Late Cretaceous climate was milder than today’s. The days were not too hot, nor the nights too cold. The summers were not too warm, nor the winters too frigid. The shallow seas on the continents probably buffered the temperature of the nearby air, keeping it relatively constant.Q1. According to paragraph 1, which of the following is true of the Late Cretaceous climate?A. Summers were very warm and winters were very cold.B. Shallow seas on the continents caused frequent temperature changes.C. The climate was very similar to today’s climate.D. The climate did not change dramatically from season to season以上是一道典型的托福阅读的细节题型，虽然是给出整段，但是大家不需要通读整段。
托福阅读8种题型介绍
托福阅读8种题型介绍为了帮助大家备考托福，对托福阅读的题型有一个详细的了解，下面小编给大家带来托福阅读8种题型介绍。
托福阅读8种题型介绍一、细节题特征：没有特征(因为其他题型都有各自的特征)数量：每篇3-6题难度：变化很大策略：随机应变二、选非题特征：NOT/EXCEPT数量：每篇1题难度：较低策略：一定要做对三、推理题特征：infer、imply数量：每篇1-2题难度：很高策略：可以放四、修辞题：特征：(1)题干与原文被打上了阴影(2)个选项的开头为TO+关键动词(这些动词代表某个修饰手法，这样的动词很少，所以遇到都要记住)PS：这类题目有可能会变形五、词汇题特征：(1)题干与原文被打上了阴影(2)以the word/phrase开头数量：每篇3-6题难度：非常简单策略：一定要做对六、指代题特征：(1)原文与题干被打上阴影(2)打上阴影的是某个代词数量：1题难度：较低(可以直接测试语法能力)策略：要做对七、复述题特征：(1)原文中一个完整的句子被打上阴影(2)题干为：which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage? Incorrect answer choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.数量：1题难度：很难或者很简单八、插句题特征：黑色小方框(■)数量：1题难度：较低策略：要做对九、归总题特征：两排六个选项数量：1题难度：1分很简单，2分有点难策略：保1争2新增题型(参考TPO5)：四选二题型：是细节题的变形全文归纳题：可以去归总题找答案第二部分各题型解题技巧串讲阅读的步骤：第1步：把动滚动条拉到底再拉到顶第2步：点review键，做完词汇题(不看原文)，同时关注一下是否有选非题(因为与原文对应的东西很多)第3步：边看边做阅读，要按顺序做(因为托福阅读，题目顺序和题目对应原文的顺序几乎一致。
托福阅读的三种常见题型
托福阅读的三种常见题型托福阅读的三种常见题型有哪些托福阅读文章可分为不同类型,新托福阅读考试的句按类型可分为:开门见山型.标靶型和导入型三类.托福阅读备考中,无论是哪种题型,每段句都非常重要.这三个类型有不同的答题方法,根据类型进行解题,更有针对性.所谓开门见山型,即指文章直接推出论点,表达文章的中心思想或主题走向.开门见山型的特征往往为定义型句子.一般都较为简短有力,富有哲理性,不超过两行.文章如属于开门见山型,则主题的确立自不待言.所谓标靶型,即作者在起笔处先推出某个错误的论点或看法,然后加以批驳,给出作者所持的相反或相对立的观点.标靶型语句的特征往往为:〝人们常常以为……〞.〝一般说来……〞.〝据称……〞.遇到标靶型语句时,只要句作相反理解,即可确知文章的主旨.所谓导入型,即作者先隐下主题思想不说,从别的细碎的地方谈起,渐渐接入正题.导入型的语句一般较为琐碎具体,甚至具体到某年某月.有时也纯为挑起读者的好奇心而设.如″Americanfirms have aprob?″什么问题呢?作者只字不提.导入型语句尽管隐藏了主题思想,但文章的脉络.所涉及的范围依然清晰可见.如上句的举例,讨论的关键肯定在problem,范围局限在美国公司.当然,新托福阅读考试题的分类并不是的,有时我们也可看到几种类型缠绕在一起的句子.托福阅读的重点关键在于:读完句后,应能确定文章的中心思想,即或不能,也应尽可能地把握文章的讨论走向.完成了这一点,也就完成了初步阅读.剩下的就是在中心思想或文章的主题走向的指导下去做选择项了.托福阅读真题原题+题目The end of the nineteenth century and the early years of the twentiethcentury were marked by the development of an international Art Nouveau style,characterized by sinuous lines, floral and vegetable motifs, and soft evanescentcoloration. The Art Nouveau style was an eclectic one, bringing togetherelements of Japanese art, motifs of ancient cultures, and natural forms. Theglass objects of this style were elegant in outline, although often deliberatelydistorted, with pale or iridescent surfaces. A favored device of the style wasto imitate the iridescent surface seen on ancient glass that had been buried.Much of the Art Nouveau glass produced during the years of its greatestpopularity had been generically termed art glass. Art glass was intended fordecorative purposes and relied for its effect upon carefully chosen colorcombinations and innovative techniques.France produced a number of outstanding e_ponents of the Art Nouveau style;among the most celebrated was Emile Galle (_46-__). In the United States, Louis Comfort Tiffany (_43-_33) was the most noted e_ponent of this style,producing a great variety of glass forms and surfaces, which were widely copiedin their time and are highly prized today. Tiffany was a brilliant designer,successfully combining ancient Egyptian, Japanese, and Persian motifs. The Art Nouveau style was a major force in the decorative arts from _95until __, although its influence continued throughout the mid-_20 s. It waseventually to be overtaken by a new school of thought known as Functionalismthat had been present since the turn of the century. At first restricted to asmall avant-garde group of architects and designers, Functionalism emerged asthe dominant influence upon designers after the First World War. The basic tenetof the movement — that function should determine form — was not a new concept.Soon a distinct aesthetic code evolved: form should be simple, surfaces plain,and any ornament should be based on geometric relationships. This new designconcept, coupled with the sharp postwar reactions to the styles and conventionsof the preceding decades, created an entirely new public taste which caused ArtNouveau types of glass to fall out of favor. The new taste demanded dramaticeffects of contrast, stark outline and comple_ te_tural surfaces.1. What does paragraph 1 mainly discuss?(A) Design elements in the Art Nouveau style(B) The popularity of the Art Nouveau style(C) Production techniques for art glass(D) Color combinations typical of the Art Nouveau style2. The word one in line 4 refers to(A) century(B) development(C) style(D) coloration3. Paragraph 1 mentions that Art Nouveau glass was sometimes similar towhich aspect of ancient buried glass ?(A) The distortion of the glass(B) The appearance of the glass surface(C) The shapes of the glass objects(D) The size of the glass objects4. What is the main purpose of paragraph 2?(A) to compare different Art Nouveau styles(B) to give e_amples of famous Art Nouveau artists(C) to e_plain why Art Nouveau glass was so popular in the UnitedStates(D) to show the impact Art Nouveau had on other cultures around theworld5. The word prized in line _ is closest in meaning to(A) valued(B) universal(C) uncommon(D) preserved6. The word overtaken in line 20 is closest in meaning to(A) surpassed(B) inclined(C) e_pressed(D) applied7. What does the author mean by stating that function should determine form(lines 23-24)?(A) A useful object should not be attractive.(B) The purpose of an object should influence its form.(C) The design of an object is considered more significant than itsfunction.(D) The form of an object should not include decorative elements.8. It can be inferred from the passage that one reason Functionalism becamepopular was that it(A) clearly distinguished between art and design(B) appealed to people who liked comple_ painted designs(C) reflected a common desire to break from the past(D) was easily interpreted by the general public9. Paragraph 3 supports which of the following statements aboutFunctionalism?(A) Its design concept avoided geometric shapes.(B) It started on a small scale and then spread gradually.(C) It was a major force in the decorative arts before the First WorldWar.(D) It was not attractive to architects and designers.10. According to the passage , an object made in the Art Nouveau stylewould most likely include(A) a flowered design(B) bright colors(C) modern symbols(D) a te_tured surfacePASSAGE 28 ACBBA ABCBA托福阅读真题原题+题目The mineral particles found in soil range in size from microscopic clayparticles to large boulders. The most abundant particles — sand, silt, and clay—are the focus of e_amination in studies of soil te_ture. Te_ture is the termused to describe the composite sizes of particles in a soil sample, typicallyseveral representative handfuls.To measure soil te_ture, the sand, silt, and clay particles are sorted outby size and weight. The weights of each size are then e_pressed as a percentageof the sample weight. In the field, soil te_ture can be estimated bye_tractinga handful of soil and squeezing the damp soil into three basic shapes; (1) cast,a lump formed by squeezing a sample in a clenched fist; (2) thread, a pencilshape formed by rolling soil between the palms; and (3) ribbon, a flatfish shapeformed by squeezing a small sample between the thumb and inde_ finger. Thebehavioral characteristics of the soil when molded into each of these shapes, ifthey can be formed at all, provide the basis for a general te_turalclassification. The behavior of the soil in the hand test is determined by theamount of clay in the sample. Clay particles are highly cohesive, and whendampened, behave as a plastic. Therefore the higher the clay content in asample, the more refined and durable the shapes into which it can be molded. Another method of determining soil te_ture involves the use of devicescalled sediment sieves, screens built with a specified mesh size. When the soilis filtered through a group of sieves, each with a different mesh size, theparticles become grouped in corresponding size categories. Each category can beweighed to make a te_tural determination. Although sieves work well for silt,sand, and larger particles, they are not appropriate for clay particles. Clay isfar too small to sieve accurately; therefore, in soils with a high proportion ofclay, the fine particles are measured on the basis of their settling velocitywhen suspended in water. Since clays settle so slowly, they are easilysegregated from sand and silt. The water can be drawn off and evaporated,leaving a residue of clay, which can be weighed.?1. What does the passage mainly discuss?(A) Characteristics of high quality soil(B) Particles typically found in most soils(C) How a high clay content affects the te_ture of soil(D) Ways to determine the te_ture of soil2. The author mentions several representative handfuls in line 4 in orderto show(A) the range of soil samples(B) the process by which soil is weighed(C) the requirements for an adequate soil sample(D) how small soil particles are weighted3. The phrase sorted out in line 5 is closest in meaning to(A) mi_ed(B) replaced(C) carried(D) separated4. It can be inferred that the names of the three basic shapes mentioned inparagraph 2 reflect(A) the way the soil is e_tracted(B) the results of squeezing the soil(C) the need to check more than one handful(D) the difficulty of forming different shapes5. The word dampened in line _ is closest in meaning to(A) damaged(B) stretched(C) moistened(D) e_amined6. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage about a soilsample with little or noclay in it?(A) It is not very heavy.(B) It may not hold its shape when molded.(C) Its shape is durable(D) Its te_ture cannot be classified7. The word they in line _ refers to(A) categories(B) sieves(C) larger particles(D) clay particles8. It can be inferred from the passage that the sediment sieve has anadvantage over the handtest in determining soil te_ture because(A) using the sieve takes less time(B) the sieve can measure clay(C) less training is required to use the sieve(D) the sieve allows for a more e_act measure9. During the procedure described in paragraph 3, when clay particles areplaced into water they(A) stick to the sides of the water container(B) take some time to sink to the bottom(C) separate into different sizes(D) dissolve quickly10. The word fine in line 24 is closest in meaning to(A) tiny(B) many(C) e_cellent(D) various_. All of the following words are defined in the passage E_CEPT(A) te_ture (line 3)(B) ribbon (line 10)(C) sediment sieves (line _)(D) evaporated (line 25)PASSAGE 27 DADBC BBDBA D托福阅读的三种常见题型有哪些。
TOEFL阅读理解之十大题型PPT课件
7
② Sentence Simplification questions
句子简化题与细节题在本质上类似，都是对原句的改写 句子简化题应注意两点：文间逻辑关系一致；核心信息点
一致 问题形式：Which of the following best expresses the
essential information in the highlighted sentence? Incorrect answer choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.
According to the passage, why did states need private companies’ help in road building?
A. The states were unable to build roads themselves financially B. Private companies could spend less time completing roads C. The states did not have as much equipment as private companies D. Private companies had more knowledge of the interior
5ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
托福阅读 八大题型
托福阅读八大题型
在托福阅读部分，常见的八大题型如下：
1. 主旨题：要求你确定文章的主要观点、中心思想或总结。
2. 细节题：要求你根据文章中的具体细节或事实找出正确的答案。
3. 推理题：要求你通过推理和推断，在文章中找到合乎逻辑的答案。
4. 词汇题：要求你根据上下文理解词语的意思或推断其含义。
5. 引用题：要求你根据文章中的引用或指代关系找到相关信息。
6. 排序题：要求你根据文章的逻辑顺序，将给定的句子插入或放置在合适的位置。
7. 正误题：要求你判断陈述是否与文章内容相符，可能涉及否定形式的问题。
8. 态度题：要求你理解作者的态度、观点或感情色彩，通常通过修辞手法等进行暗示。
在备考过程中，建议熟悉以上各种题型，并针对每种题型进行针对性的练习和策略归纳。
这样可以提高对文章的理解能力，帮助你更好地应对托福阅读部分的各类题目。
1/ 1。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
托福阅读题型分为几大类
第一大类又被分为8个小类，分别是：Factual Information questions、Negative Factual Information questions、Inference questions、Rhetorical Purpose questions、Vocabulary questions、Reference questions、Sentence Simplification questions 和Insert Text question。
这8个小类的题型称之为基础题型，也就是考生能够通过训练和学习在短期内提高的部分，这个部分几乎很少涉及到原文的主旨或者作者的态度，基本以考察原文信息和相关信息定位为主，在新东方托福课堂上，老师都会给学生一套快速定位信息和判别选项正误的技巧和方法，从各类题目的出题特征线索可以入手，例如，在考察细节题的时候，出题者更加倾向对于原文同义改写的考察，比如将原文词汇转换成同义词，将句子换一种表述方法等;对于修辞目的题的考察，需要考生先定位题干中涉及信息的具体位置，然后通过逻辑关键词向前找出概括、总结类的句子作为答案。
整体来说，解答这些类题型的时候，考生应该尽可能少地加入自己的个人理解和想法，根据“文章讲什么就选什么”的原则来解答问题。
第二大类分为两个小类：Prose Summary 和Fill in a table，这两个小类比较之前的8小类来说更加倾向于考察考生对原文整体结构的把握和理解，解答这样问题的时候，考生应该能够在通读文章的基础上对文章内容进行总结性分析，进而能够辨别文章中哪些信息是主要信息，哪些是次要信息，Prose Summary 是给出考生一个对文章概括的句子，让考生在6个待选选项中选出概括性句子作为答案，而Fill in a table 则是给出一个文章相关信息的表格，并将其中一个部分挖空，同样需要考生在待选选项中选出相关句子或信息填回表格。
综上，美联英语学习网建议考生在备考阶段可以根据自己的弱项以及两大类所考察的重点来进行学习和训练，从而提高自己的阅读分数。