怀孕英语（Pregnancy）
英语中的委婉语
英语中的委婉语英文euphemism（委婉语）一词系源自希腊语。
词头"eu-"的意思是"good"（好），词干"phemism"的意思是"speech"（言语），整个字面意义是"word of good omen"（吉言）或（好的说法）。
一般认为，凡是表示禁忌或敏感事物的含蓄、迂回或动听的言词，均在委婉语之列。
英语委婉语一般可分成两大类：传统委婉语（traditional euphemisms)和文体委婉语stylistic euphemisms。
所谓传统委婉语亦称是与禁忌语密切相关的。
象生、病、死、葬、性、裸、拉、撒等禁忌事物，如果直接表达，那就是禁忌语，给人的感觉是粗鄙，生硬，刺耳，无礼。
反之，如果间接表达，这就是委婉语，给人的印象是典雅，含蓄，中听，有礼。
所谓文体委婉语，亦称实际上是恭维话、溢美之词，与禁忌语并无关系。
英、美人（尤其是当代美国人）在交际过程中，为了表示礼貌，为了避免刺激，或是为了争取合作，有时会采用夸饰的手法，对一些令人不快的事物以美言相称。
英语委婉语的构成方法各种各样，丰富多彩。
一般可分为下面几种类型：构词手段，拼写手段，词汇手段，语法手段和修辞手段等。
（1）合词法（compounding)：如：gezudna(goes+under+“床下放”，即夜壶）。
（2）反成法(backformation)：反成法是通过删除假想中的词缀来构成委婉词。
由于这种构词法产词是不大，所以造出的词大多新颖别致，用来代替常见的敏感词，也能收到委婉的效果。
如：bugle（盗窃，由burglar[夜盗]盗删去“词尾”而成，用以替代。
（3）首字母组合法(acronym)：首字母组合法是将禁忌词语或敏感词语的第一个字母抽出来拼合在一起借以掩饰。
如：BM(bowel movement,大便）the Big C (癌症）（4）截短法(clipping)：截短法是将一些词语斩头去尾以掩饰。
孕妇英语单词
孕妇英语单词以下是与孕妇相关的英语单词及每个单词的英文造句：1. Pregnant (孕妇): She is pregnant and expecting her first child next month.- 她怀孕了，预计下个月迎接她的第一个孩子。
2. Maternity (产妇): The maternity ward at the hospital is well-equipped.- 医院的产房设备齐全。
3. Ultrasound (超声波): The doctor performed an ultrasound to check the baby's health.- 医生进行了超声波检查宝宝的健康状况。
4. Cravings (孕妇的食欲): She had strange cravings for pickles and ice cream during her pregnancy.- 她在怀孕期间对腌制黄瓜和冰淇淋有奇怪的食欲。
5. Nausea (恶心): Morning sickness can cause nausea and vomiting during pregnancy.- 孕妇晨吐可能导致恶心和呕吐。
6. Labor (分娩): She went into labor in the middle of the night.- 她在半夜开始临盆。
7. Birthing (分娩的): The birthing process can be both exciting and challenging.- 分娩过程既兴奋又具有挑战性。
8. Contractions (宫缩): She felt contractions every few minutes as labor progressed.- 随着分娩的进行，她每隔几分钟就会感到宫缩。
9. Doula (助产士): She hired a doula to provide emotional support during labor.- 她雇了一名助产士，在分娩过程中提供情感支持。
考研英语阅读材料汇编之科技类(2)-毙考题
考研英语阅读材料汇编之科技类(2)阅读是考研英语的重要题型之一，也是保障英语成绩的关键题目。
因此，考研学子们要充分重视英语阅读，除了平时多多阅读英语杂志、报纸外，还需要针对阅读进行专项训练。
小编整理了关于考研英语阅读题源的系列文章考研英语阅读材料汇编之科技类(2)，请参考!Who s the Smart Sibling?Ten weeks ago, Bo Cleveland and his wife embarked on a highly unscientific experiment-they gave birth to their first child. For now, Cleveland is too exhausted to even consider having another baby, but eventually, he will. In fact, hes already planned an egalitarian strategy for raising the rest of his family. Little Arthur won t get any extra attention just because he s the firstborn, and, says his father, he probably won t be much smarter than his future .siblings; either. It s the sort of thing many parents would say, but it s a bit surprising coming from Cleveland,who studies birth order and IQ at Pennsylvania State University. As he knows too well, a study published recently in the journal Science suggests that firstborns do turn out sharper than their brothers and sisters, no matter how parents try to compensate. Is Cleveland wrong? Is Arthur destined to be the smart sibling just because he had the good luck to be born first?For decades, scientists have been squabbling over birth order like siblings fighting over a toy. Some of them say being a first-, middle- or lastborn has significant effects on intelligence. Others say that s nonsense, The spat goes back at least as far as Alfred Adler, a Freud-era psychologist who argued that firstborns had an edge. Other psychologists found his theory easy to believemiddle and youngest kids already had a bad rap, thanks to everything from primogeniture laws to the Prodigal Son. When they set out to confirm the birth-order effects Adler had predicted, they found some evidence. Dozens of studies over the next several decades showed small differences in IQ; scholastic-aptitude tests and other measures of achievement So did anecdata suggesting that firstborns were more likely to win Nobel Prizes or become (ahem) prominent psychologists.But even though the scientists were turning up birth-order patterns easily, they couldn tpin down a cause. Perhaps, one theory went, the mother s body was somehow attacking the lateroffspring in uterus. Maternal antibody levels do increase with each successive pregnancy. Butthere s no evidence that this leads to differences in intelligence, and the new study in Silence,based on records from nearly a quarter of a million young Norwegian men, strikes down theantibody hypothesis. It looks at kids who are the eldest by accident-those whose older siblingsdie in infancy--as well as those who are true firstborns. Both groups rack up the same highscores on IQ tests. Whatever is lowering the latterborns scores, it isn t prenatal biology, sincebeing raised as the firstborn, not actually being the firstborn, is what counts.The obvious culprits on the nurture side are parents. But it s hard to think that favoritism toward firstborns exists in modem society. Most of us no longer view secondborn as second best, and few parents will admit to treating their kids differently. In surveys, they generally say they give their children equal attention. Kids concur, reporting that they feel they re treated fairly.Maybe, then, the problem with latterborns isn t nature or nurture-maybe there simply isn t a problem. Not all the research shows a difference in intelligence. A pivotal 2000 study by Joe Rodgers ,now a professor emeritus at the University of Oklahoma, found no link between birth order and smarts. And an earlier study of American families found that the youngest kids, not theoldest, did best in school. From that work, say psychologist Judith Rich Harris, a prominent critic of birth-order patterns, it s clear that the impression that the firstborn is more often the academic achiever is false.Meanwhile, many of the studies showing a birth-order pattern in IQ have a big, fat,methodological flaw. The Norwegian Science study is an example, says Cleveland: It scomparing Bill, the first child in one family; to Bob, the second child in another family. Thatwould be fine if all families were identical, but of course they aren t. The study controls forvariables such as parental education and family size. But Rodgers, the Oklahoma professor,notes that there are hundreds of other factors in play; and because it s so hard to discountall of them, he s not sure whether the patterns in the Science article are real.No one is more sensitive to that criticism than the Norwegian scientists. In fact, theyalready have an answer ready in the form of a second paper. Soon to be published in thejournal Intelligence, it s, similar to the Science study except for one big thing: instead ofcomparing Bill to Bob, it compares Bill to younger brothers Barry and Barney. The samebirth- order pattern shows up: the firstborns, on average, score about two points higher thantheir secondborn brothers, and hapless thirdborns do even worse. The purpose of thetwo papers was exactly the same, says Petter Kristensen of Norway s National Instituteof Occupational Health, who led both new studies. But this second one is much more comprehensive, and in a sense it s better than the Science paper. The data are there--within families, birth order really does seem linked to brain power. Even the critics have to soften their positions a little. The Intelligence study must be taken very seriously says Rodgers.No one, not even Kristensen, thinks the debate is over For one thing, there s still that argument about what s causing birth-order effects. It s possible, says UC Berkeley researcher Frank Sulloway, that trying .to treat kids in an evenhanded way in fact results in inequity. Well-meaning parents may end up shortchanging middleborns because there s one thing they can t equalize: at no point in the middle child s life does he get to be the only kid inthe house. Alternatively, says Sulloway; there s the theory he has his money on, the family- niche hypothesis Older kids, whether out of desire or necessity axe often called on to be assistant parents, he notes. Getting that early- taste of responsibility may prime them for achievement later on. If they think Oh, I m supposed to be more intelligent so I d betterdo my homework, it doesn t matter if they actually are more-intelligent, says Sulloway, Itbecomes a self-fulfilling prophecy. If the firstborns homework involves reading Science and Intelligence, there ll be no stopping them now.词汇注解重点单词embark / im ba:k/【文中释义】v.着手，从事【大纲全义】v. (使)上船(或飞机，汽车等)：着手，从事extra / ekstr /【文中释义】adj.额外的【大纲全义】adj额外的，附加的n.附加物，额外的东西adv.特别地compensate / kɔmpənseit/【文中释义】v.补偿，弥补【大纲全义】v.(for)补偿，赔偿，抵消nonsense / nɔnsəns/【文中释义】n.荒谬的言行，胡话【大纲全义】n.胡说，废话;冒失(或轻浮)的行为rap / r p/【文中释义】n.不公正的判决，苛评【大纲全义】n.叩击，轻拍，斤责，急敲(声);不公正的判决，苛评，v. 敲，拍，打，斤责，使着迷predict / pri dikt/【文中释义】v.预言【大纲全义】v.预言，预测，预告prominent / prɔminənt/【文中释义】adj杰出的【大纲全义】adj.突起的，凸出的;突出的，杰出的offspring /ɔfspriŋ; (us) ɔ:f-/【文中释义】n..子孙,后代【大纲全义】n. 子孙,后代,结果，产物;(动物的)崽successive /sək sesiv/【文中释义】adj.连续的【大纲全义】adj.接连的，连续的pregnancy / Pregnənsi/【文中释义】n.怀孕【大纲全义】n.妊振;怀孕(期);(事件等的)酝酿;(内容)充实，富有意义nurture / nə: tʃə/【文中释义】n.养育，教育【大纲全义】n.营养品;养育，培养，滋养v. 给予营养物，养育，培养，滋养超纲单词egalitarian n. 平等主义sibling n. 兄弟妞妹squabble v. 为争吵spat n. 争吵primogeniture n. 长子身份aptitude n. 才能，资质anecdata n. 二逸事证据prenatal adj. 产前的，出生前的重点段落译文两周前，伯克利夫兰和他的妻子进行了一项非常不科学的实验他们生下了他们的第一个孩子。
英语单词音标
英语单词音标英语单词音标精选汇总Acid- [5AsId]酸的，尖酸的（ac=ang-尖角）Acute [E5kju:t]敏锐的，[医]急性的，剧烈（ac=ang-尖角）admire[Ed5maiE]赞美、钦佩、羡慕（mir-神奇）adolescence[9AdEJ`lesEns]青春期（ado=adult）adolescent[7AdEu5lesnt]青春期的（ado=adult）adult[E5dQlt, 5AdQlt]成人，成年人（ult=old）angle角度[∧] （A-尖锐）architect[5B:kitekt]建筑师（arch=ang）architecture[5B:kitektFE]建筑，建筑学（arch=ang）ashore [E5FC:]在岸上（shore=share-切、分）aspect[5Aspekt]外貌、问题的一个方面（spect-看）cattle家畜，牛（cat=catch-捕捉）chant[tFB:nt]圣歌，圣诗（ch-唱、吵）chaos[5 keiCs]混乱，混沌（ch-唱、吵）cheer欢呼（ch-唱、吵）child[tFaild]儿童（ch-唱、吵）chorus[5kC:rEs]合唱团，合唱队（ch-唱、吵）church[tFE:tF]教堂（ch-唱、吵）committee[kE5miti]委员会，全体委员（mit=miss-投、扔）compensate [5kCmpEnseit]赔偿（pens-钱）conspicuous[kEn5spikjuEs]有目共睹的（spic-看）convict [5kCnvikt]证明...有罪，宣告...有罪（vict-胜利）convince [kEn5vins]使确信（vin=win-胜利）depict[di5pikt]描述，描绘（pict-画）despite[dis5pait]蔑视、不管（spite-看）detect[di5tekt]发现，察觉（tect=top）detective[di5tektiv]发现的，侦探的；侦探（tect=top）dictate[dik5teit]独裁，听写测试（dict-说）disparage [dis5pAridV]歧视、贬损（par=peer-看）echo[5ekEu]回声，回音（ch-唱、吵）execute[5eksikju:t]处死、执行、实行（ec=sect-切）expensive [iks5pensiv]昂贵的（pens-钱）female[5fi:meil]女性（f=v-女性）fence[fens]击剑，栅栏（f-剑）fiction[5fikFEn]小说，虚构（fict-做）figure[5fi^E]外形，轮廓，体形，图形；描绘，塑造；数字（fig=finger-手指）harsh [hB:F]粗糙的、刺耳、刺目的（har=hair）infant[5infEnt]婴儿；婴儿的（f-说）inject[in5dVekt]注射（j-投、射）inspect[in5spekt]检查、视察（spect-看）intermittent[7intE(:)5mitEnt]间歇性的，断断续续（mit=miss-投、放）intersection[7intE(:)5sekFEn]交集、十字路口（sect-切）jail[dVeil]监狱（j-投）junior[5dVu:njE]年少的（june-六月）kettle[5ketl]壶（ket=kiss-嘴）kid[kid]小孩（变化自child）magnitude[5mA^nitju:d]众多，大量（mag=maj-大）major[5meidVE]主要的，主修的；主修课（maj-大、多）mall[mC:l]商场（m-merc-商业）marine[mE5ri:n]海；海的，海洋的（mar-海洋）marsh [mB:F]n.沼泽地，湿地（mar-海洋）masculine[5mB:skjulin]男子汉；男子气概的（masc=musc-肌肉）merchant[5mE:tFEnt]商人（merch=merc-商业）miracle[5mirEkl]奇迹、奇事（mir-神奇）mirage[5mirB:V]海市蜃楼、雾像（mir-神奇）mirror[5mirE]镜子（mir-神奇）missile[5misail, -sEl]发射的，投射的；导弹（miss-投、射）mission[5miFEn]使团（miss-投、射）muscle[5mQsl]肌肉（musc=mouse）object[5CbdVikt]物体，客体，目标（ject-投、射）objective[Eb5dVektiv]客体的，客观的（ject-投、射）obscure[Eb5skjuE]暗的，朦胧的，模糊的，晦涩的（sc-看）penny便士（p-板）pension [5penFEn]养老金（pens-钱）picture[5piktFE]图画（pict-图画）pigment [5pi^mEnt]颜料，染料（pig-图画）predict[pri5dikt]预言，预测（dict-说）project[5prCdVekt]投影；项目，方案（ject-投、射）purchase[5pE:tFEs]买，购买（purch-购、p-钱）rail[reil]铁轨（r-road）respect[ris5pekt]尊敬、重视（spect-看）respectable [ris5pektEbl]可敬的，值得尊敬的（spect-看）respectful [ris5pektful]恭敬的（样子）（spect-看）respective [ris5pektiv]分别的，各自的（respect-尊敬、尊重）reticent[5retisEnt]沉默不语的'，心照不宣的（tic-说）scene[si:n]风景，一场戏（sc-看）scenery[5si:nEri]风景，景色（总称）（sc-看）section[5sekFEn]部分（sect-切、分）segment[5se^mEnt]段、节（seg=sect-切分）shave剃、刮；刮脸（sh=s-切）shear修剪（sh=s-切）shore [FC:]岸、滨（shore=share-切、分）smattering[5smAtErIN]略知，少数（sm-小）smog[smC^]雾（sm-小）smother[5smQTE]死,窒息而亡（smo=smoke）spark[spB:k]火花（sp=喷）spectacle[5spektEkl]景观、眼镜（spect-看）spill[spil]溢出，溅出（sp-喷）subject[5sQbdVikt]题目，主题，科目；受制于，使隶属于（ject-投、射）subjective[sQb5dVektiv]主观的（ject-投、射）submarine[5sQbmEri:n]潜水的、水下的（mar-海洋）submit[sEb5mit]呈交，投降（mit-投、递交）suspicious[sEs5piFEs]怀疑的（spic-看）victim[5viktim]牺牲品（vict-胜利）victor[5viktE]胜利者（vict-胜利）victory[5viktEri]成功，胜利（vict-胜利）advertise [5AdvEtaIz] 做广告（vert-旋转）agriculture农业（agri=acre-亩、田地）angle [5AN^l] 角度（ang-Ang-词根：角度）assassinate [E5sAsineit] v.暗杀，行刺（sass-切、杀）assassination [E7sAsi5neiFEn]n.暗杀（sass-切、杀）bench [bentF]板凳（b-板子）campus [5kAmpEs]校园（camp-土地、田野）camp词跟：田野（c=g）colony [5kClEni]殖民地（col=cult-种植）conservation [7kCnsE(:)5veiFEn]保存、保全、守恒（serve=save-保存、保全）conversation对话（verse-旋转）cult词跟：培养、种植（c=g）dictate [dik5teit]独裁，使…听写（dict-说）define[di5fain]下定义（fin-终、限）definite [5definit]明确的，一定的（fin-终、限）definitely[5definitli]明确地，干脆地（fin-终、限）democracy民主（acy-名词后缀）（demo-人民 cr-叫）demonstrate游行，示威，示范（demo-人民 strate=street）drench [drentF]湿透（dr-drop）expedition [7ekspi5diFEn]远足、探险（ped-足）faint[feint]晕倒（f-落下、倒下）fall落下fatigue[fE5ti:^]疲劳、疲惫（fat=faint-落下、倒下）feeble[5fi:bl]虚弱的，无力的（f-落下、倒下）fence [fens] 击剑、篱笆（）fiction[5fikFEn]小说，虚构（fict-做）final-最后的（fin-终、限）fine-词根：终止、限定、完成（f-落下）finish [5finiF] 完成（fin-终、限）finite[5fainait]有限的，有穷的（fin-终、限）fountain [5fauntin]泉水（f-落下）French [frentF] 法国人generate [5dVenE7reit]生产、产生（gen-生）genius [5dVi:njEs]天才（gen-生）geometry [[dVi5Cmitri]几何学（geo-土地）hole [hEul]洞(h-大)infinite[5infinit]无限的，无穷的（fin-终、限）kiss[kis]接吻（k-嘴）lamp-台灯（l-光线）naive [nB:5i:v]天真的，幼稚的（na-生）nation [5neiFEn] 国家（nat-生）page [peidV] 一张paint [peint]油漆、涂料；描绘、绘画（p-图画、图片）panda [5pAndE]熊猫（pand-膨胀）panel [5pAnl] 仪表盘、面板（pan-盘子）picture[5piktFE]图画，图片（pict-画）police [pE5li:s]警察（pole-棒子）policy [5pClisi] 政策、方针（pole-棒子）pregnancy[5pre^nEnsi]怀孕（gen-gn-生）pregnant[5pre^nEnt]怀孕的（gen-gn-生）preserve [pri5zE:v]保鲜、保藏（serve=save-保留）real[5ri:El]真的rect 词根：直rectify [5rektifai]纠正（rect 词根：直）renaissance[rE5neisEns]复兴，文艺复兴（na=nat-生）reserve [ri5zE:v]预备、保留（serve=save-保留）revise修订（vise-看、见）right[rait]正确的saint [seint]圣人；神圣、圣明的（s-看、见）salary [5sAlEri] 薪水（ary-名词后缀）save [seiv]解救、节省、保留scar [skB:]刀疤（sc-切、砍）scissor[5sizE]剪刀，刀（sc-切、砍）servant [5sE:vEnt] 奴仆（ant-名词后缀）sole [sEul]唯一的sophist [5sCfist]诡辩家、博学者（soph-智慧）sophisticated [sE5fistikeitid]老于世故的，精密的（soph-智慧）sophomore [5sCfEmC:]大二学生，有两年以上经验的人（soph-智慧）soph-词根：智慧（s-看、见）stamp-顿足、跺脚，盖邮戳，邮票（st-站）story[5stC:ri] 故事（st-站着，停留，陈旧的）student [5stju:dEnt] 学生tailor[5teilE] 裁缝（tail-词根：尾巴，剪刀）teacher [5ti:tFE] 教师tedious [5ti:diEs]冗长的，乏味的（ted=tend-延伸）tedium [5ti:diEm, -djEm]冗长，乏味（ted=tend-延伸）tendency [5tendEnsi] 趋势、趋向（tend-延伸）trench [trentF]沟渠（tr=through）victor[5viktE]胜利（vict-胜利）vise看（v-象形）vision视觉（vise-看、见）visit参观（vise-看、见）wench村姑、通奸（w-女性）wheel[wi:l, hw-]车轮（象声词）whirl [(h)wE:l] (使)旋转，急转（象声词）willow [5wilEu]柳树（w-摆动）wise明智的、英明的（vise-看、见）wrap[rAp]缠，裹（wr-手腕、拧）wrench [rentF]猛拧、挣脱（wr-手腕、拧）wrist [rist]手腕（wr-手腕）write[rait]写（wr-手腕）wrong错英语之家名师教你暑假背单词abbreviate [E5bri:vieit]缩短、缩写（brev=brief-短暂的）actual [5AktjuEl] 现实的、现场的（act-行动，动起来的）affect[E5fekt]影响，感动（fect-做）album[5AlbEm]集邮簿，相册（alb-白色）Alps [Alps]阿尔卑斯山（A-山）Altai [5Altai]阿尔泰山（alt-高）altar [5C:ltE]祭坛，圣坛（alt-高）altitude [5Altitju:d]海拔高度（alt-高）aspect[5Aspekt]外貌，外表，问题的一个方面（spect-看）attitude [5Atitju:d]态度（t-说）aviary[5eivjEri]大型鸟舍，养鸟笼（av-鸟）aviation[7eivi5eiFEn]飞行，航空（av-鸟）bridge[bridV]桥梁（b-木棒）brief简短的calcium [5kAlsiEm]钙（calc-小石子）calculate [5kAlkjuleit]计算（calc-小石子）champion[5tFAmpjEn]冠军（champ=camp-田野）collect[kE5lekt]收集（lect-挑选）conspicuous [kEn5spikjuEs] 有目共睹的（spic-看）correct[kE5rekt]正确的（rect-正、直）campaign[kAm5pein] [军]战役，(政治或商业性)活动，竞选运动（camp-田野）defect[di5fekt]缺乏，不足（fect-做）deficient [di5fiFEnt] 不足的、不够的（fic-做）dialect[5daiElekt]方言（lect-说、语言）dialogue [5daiElC^]对话（log-说）digital [5didVitl]数字的（dig-手指）direct[dai5rekt,di5rekt]直接的（rect-直）disgorge [dis5^C:dV]呕吐，吐出（具体的）（gorge-喉咙）disgust [dis5^Qst]厌恶，令人恶心（比喻的）（gust-喉咙）disgusting [dis5^Qsting]令人恶心的（gust-喉咙）dismiss[dis5mis]解散、下课（miss-投、掷）effect[i5fekt]效果，结果（fect-做、制造）efficient[i5fiFEnt]有能力的，高效率的（fic-做、制造）elect[I5lekt]选举（lect-挑选）elegant[5eli^Ent]-优美的、优雅的（leg-挑选）emigrate[5emi^reit]永久(使)移居，移民（mig=move）fake [feik]赝品、假冒的（f-手、做）figure[5fi^E]外形，轮廓，体形，图形，数字（figure=finger-手指）finger[5fiN^E]手指form [fC:m]格式、样式（f-手、制造）foster[5fCstE]养育、抚养（fost-fist-拳、手）fridge[fridV]电冰箱（fr-冷冻）frost [frCst]霜（fr-冷冻）frozen [5frEuzn]冷冻的（fr-冷冻）generate[5dVenE7reit]-生产、产生、发电（gen-生、天生）generation[7dVenE5reiFEn]一代人（gen-生、天生）genius[5dVi:njEs]-天才（gen-生、天生）genuine [5dVenjuin]真正的、真诚的（gen-天生、真实）giant [5dVaiEnt]巨大的（g-大地母亲、大、广）gigantic[dVai5^Antik]巨大的（gig-大）gorgeous[5^C:dVEs]华丽的，灿烂的（gorge-咽喉、颈）gratitude [5^rAtitju:d]感激（grat-great-伟大）immigrate[5imi^reit]移来，使移居入境（mig=move）indirect[7indi5rekt, indai5rekt]间接的（rect-直）infectious有传染性的，有感染力的（fect-做、影响）ingenious [in5dVi:njEs]机灵的，有独创性的，精制的，具有创造才能（genious=genius-天才）ingenuous [in5dVenjuEs]坦白的，自然的，直率的（gen-天生、自然）inspect[in5spekt]检查，视察（spect-看）intellectual[7inti5lektjuEl]聪明的，智慧的（lect-挑选）language[5lAN^widV]语言（lang-语言）latitude [5lAtitju:d]纬度，范围（lat-拉扯、拉开）lecture[5lektFE]讲座（lect-说）legend[5ledVEnd]传奇（leg-说）lingua[5liN^wE]舌头（ling-舌头、语言）linguist[5liN^wist]语言学家（ling-舌头、语言）live-生活（l男v女）longitude [5lCndVitju:d]经度，经线（long-长）love-爱、性爱（l男v女）migrate[mai5^reit, 5mai^reit]移动，移民（mig=move）minute [5minit]分钟（min-小的）missile [5misail, -sEl]发射的、投射的（miss-投射）move=mob=mote=mute=migmuseum [mju(:)5ziEm]博物馆（muse-缪斯）naked [5neikid]裸体的（n-没有）native [5neitiv] 本地的，本国的（nat-生）negligible [5ne^lidVEbl]微不足道的，可以忽略的（neg-不 lig-说）normal [5nC:mEl] 正常的（norm-正常）panic [5pAnik]恐慌的（pan-潘神）perfect[5pE:fikt]完美的（fect-做）philosophy [fi5lCsEfi]哲学（philo=love soph-智慧）pigeon [5pidVin]鸽子（pig=bird）polish[5pCliF]磨光、擦亮（pole-杆子、磨光）polite [pE5lait] 文明的、礼貌的（ite-的）prospect[5prCspekt]远景，前途（spect-看）rectify[5rektifai]纠正（rect-直）ridge[ridV]脊梁、山梁（ridg=rig-直）rigid[5ridVid]僵直的，刻板的（rig=rect-直）social [5sEuFEl] 社会的（soc-词根：社会）spy [spai]间谍；侦察sting[stiN]刺、叮（st-停留）suspicious [sEs5piFEs] 怀疑的（spic-看）vigor[5vi^E]精力，活力（vig-生命、活力）vital[5vaitl]生死攸关的（vitamin[5vaitEmin, 5vi-]维生素）（vit-生命、活力）vivid[5vivid]生动的，栩栩如生的（revive-[ri5vaiv]苏醒，复活）（viv-生命、活力）worm [wE:m]蠕虫（w-象形）【英语单词音标精选汇总】。
怀孕用英语怎么说
怀孕用英语怎么说要大家用英文来表达“怀孕”，你想到的第一个词就是pregnant 吧，其实怀孕还有其他的英语表达方法，下面跟店铺一起学习关于怀孕的英语知识吧。
怀孕用英语怎么说I was eight months pregnant at the time. 我已有8个月的身孕了。
当然如果你觉得这个词有点难度，可以用最简单的方式来表达：She is going to have a baby. / She is going to be a mother. / She is carrying a child. 这些同样是“怀孕”的意思。
但是“怀孕”这件事说得太直白有时也会让人觉得尴尬，所以英语里有不少关于它的委婉语，例如：She has a bun in the oven。
这是一个比喻的说法，还是很生动形象吧。
She is expecting。
说完整了就是"She is expecting a baby." 另外"an expectant mother or father"就是指即将为人母/父的人。
She is in the family way。
这种表达或者是为了委婉，或者还可以作为一种幽默的表达。
“让某人怀孕”可以说：put someone in the family way。
She is up the duff。
用于英国和澳大利亚，常指意外怀孕。
She is knocked up。
用于美国和加拿大，这个表达有些粗俗，有点女性在不希望的情形下怀孕的意思。
“让某人怀孕”可以说：knock [her] up。
怀孕相关短语怀孕的 pregnant ; incalf ; expectant ; gravid未婚怀孕 unmarried pregnancy ; pregant怎样怀孕 How to get pregnant伪怀孕false nostril ; phantom pregnancy ;pseudopregnanacy怀孕测试 pregnancy test ; HPTs男人怀孕 male pregnancy ; A Slightly Pregnant Man怀孕母羊heavyewe ; pregnant ewe ; heavy ewe ; Pregnant ewe怀孕助手 Pregnancy Tips怀孕率the pregnancy rate ; pregnancy rate ; rate of pregnancy ; pregnant rate怀孕英语例句1. Teenage conceptions have risen steadily in the last ten years.过去10年中，少女怀孕的现象不断增多。
英语单词常用三
1.-ability 表名词，“能…；性质”useability n 可用性（use 用）inflammability n 易燃性（inflame 点火+ablity）adaptability n 适应能力（adapt 适应）可靠性dependability n 可靠性（depend 依靠）variability n 变化性（vary 变化）lovability n 可爱（love 爱）2.-able 表形容词，“可…的，能…”knowable a 可知的inflammable a 易燃的（inflame 点燃）trantable a 温顺的（travt 拉→拉得动→温顺的）conceivable a 想象得出的（conceive 设想，想象）desirable a 值得要的（desire 渴望）inviolable a 不右侵犯的（in 不+viol 冒犯+able ;参考：violate 违反，冒犯impregnable a 攻不破的（im 不+pregn 拿住+able；参考：pregnant 怀孕的）3.-ably 表副词，“能…地”suitably ab 恰当地（suit 恰当）deoebdabky ab 可靠地（depend 可靠）lovably ab 可爱地（love 爱）4.-aceous 表形容词，“具有…特征的”herbaceous a 草本植物的（herb 草）pa[uraceous a 似纸的（papyr 纸+aceous；参考：pspyrus莎草纸）curvacious a 有曲线美的（curve 曲线）foliaceous a 叶状的（foli 叶+aceous;参考：foliage树叶）5.-acious 表形容词，“有特征的，多…的”rapacious a 掠夺成性的（rape 掠夺，强奸）sagacious a 睿智的（sage 智者）capacious a 宽敞的（cap 能→的+acious；参考：capble有能力的）fallacious a 错误的（fall 错；参考：fallacy 谬误）vivacious a 活泼的（viv 活；参考：revive 复活）audacious a 大胆的（aud 大胆+acious；名词：audacity大胆）veracious a 真实的（ver 真；参考：verify 证实）lopuacious a 啰唆的（loqu 讲话；参考：eloquent 雄辩）salacious a 好色的（sal 跳→见到女人就跳起来→好色）tenacious a 固执的（ten 拿住；参考：tenable 防守得住的）sequacious a 前后连贯的（sequ=secu 跟随；参考：persecute 迫害）voracious a 贪婪的（vor 吃；参考：omnivorous 无所不吃的）6.-acity 表名词，“有…倾向”eapacity n 掠夺（rape 掠夺）capacity n 容量；能力（cap 容纳）loquavity n 健谈，多话（loqu 讲话）ausacity n 大胆（auda 大胆）veracity n 真实（ver 真）tenacity n 固执（ten 拿住）mendacity n 虚假；说谎（mend 缺点；参考：amend 弥补，改正）7.-acle 表名词，“…物品，状态”receptacle n 容器（recept 接受）manacle n 手铐（man 手；参考：manuscript 手稿）miracle n 奇迹（mir 惊奇；参考：mirror 镜子）tentacle n 触角（tent 触，摸；参考：attentive 注意的，关心的）pinnacle n 尖塔(pinn 尖+acle）obstacle n 障碍（ob 在+sta{=stand 站}+acle→站在中间的物品→障碍）debacle n 解冻；崩溃（de 去掉+bacle[=block]+acle →去掉大块东西→解冰块）8.-acy 表名词，“→性质，状态”fallacy n 谬误，错误（fall 错）supremacy n 至高无上（supreme 崇高的）intimacy n 亲密（intim 亲密；参考：intimate 亲密的）conspiracy n 同谋（con 共同+spir 呼吸+acy→共同呼吸→同谋）celibacy n 独身（celib 未婚；参考：celibate 独身者）intricacy n 错综复杂（in 进入+tric[=trifle 琐碎事]+acy→进入琐碎之事）contumacy n 抗命，不服从（contum 反叛+acy）9.ad 表名词，“…东西，状态”doodad n 美观而无用之物myriad n 许多，无数（myri 多+ad）ballad n 歌谣，歌曲（ball 舞，歌）nomad n 流浪者，游牧人（nom 流浪）10.表名词（1）表示“状态，物品”blockade n 封锁（block 挡住）cannonade n 炮击（cannon 大炮）decade n 十年（dec 十；参考：decagon 十角形cockade n 帽章（cock 帽边）lemonade n 柠檬水（lemon 柠檬）arcade n 拱廊（arc 弧形）brricade n 栅栏（barr 栅栏+ic+adc）cascade n 小瀑布（casc 下落+ade）（2）表示“个人或集体”brigade n 旅，队（brig 战斗+ade）crusade n 十字军，改革运动（crus 十字+ade）cavalcade n 骑兵队(caval 马+cade）renegade n 叛徒（renege 背信弃义）11.-名词反缀（1）表示“状态，总称”tonnage n 吨位（ton 一吨）mileage n 英里数（mile 英里）percentage n 百分比（percent 百分之几）foliage n 树叶（foli 树叶；参考：portfolio 文件夹）visage n 面貌（vis 看；参考：vision 视力）advantage n 利益（ad+vant 来到+age）verbiage n 冗词，赘语（verb 词语）dotage n 老年昏愦（dot 打盹+age）pilgrimage n 朝圣（pilgrim 朝香客）marriage n 结婚（marry 结婚）pillage n 掠夺（pill 来自中世纪法语piller，意为“掠夺”）drainage n 排水（drain 排干）patronage n 赞助，惠客（patron 赞助人）（2）表示“场所，物品”anchorage n 停泊地（anchor 铁猫）village n 村庄（villa 茅房，别墅）hermitage n 隐居处（hermit 隐）士appendage n 附属物（append 附属）heritage n 遗产（herit 继承）beverage n 饮料（bever 饮，喝+age）qreckage n 残骸，碎片（wreck 残骸，破坏）（3）表示“费用”postage n 邮费（post 邮局）railage n 铁路运费（rail 铁路）towage n 拖（车、船）费（tow 拖）waterage n 水运费（water 水）12.-ain 表名词，“…人”captain n 船长（capt 头+ain）chiefain n 酋长，头目（chief 主要+tain 人）villain n 恶棍（vill[=vile ]+ain）riverain n 住在河边的人（river 河）13.-aire 表名词millionaire n 百万富翁（million 百万）koctrinaire n 教条者，空论家（doctrine 教条）questionnaire n 调查表，问卷14。
医学伦理学专业英语词汇选编
医学伦理学专业英语词汇选编abdominal adj.腹部的abomination n.憎恨, 厌恶, 可憎的事物adjuvant adj.辅佐的n.助理员Advisory adj.顾问的, 咨询的, 劝告的anaesthetist n.麻醉师analgesic adj.止痛的, 不痛的n.[医]止痛剂Artificial insemination 人工授精auxiliary adj.辅助的, 补助的bereaved adj.丧失的bereavement n.(亲人)丧亡chaplain n.(私人、社团、医院、监狱、贵族、私人教堂、军中等的)牧师Chemotherapy n.化学疗法competent adj.有能力的, 胜任的considerable adj.相当大(或多)的, 值得考虑的, 相当可观的cornerstone n.墙角石, 基础culture n.文化, 文明declaration n.宣布, 宣言, 声明deterioration n.变坏, 退化, 堕落determination n.决心, 果断deviation n.背离discipline n.纪律, 学科v.训练distress n.悲痛, 穷困, 不幸, 危难, 忧伤v.使悲痛, 使穷困, 使忧伤donation 捐献dying adj.垂死的electro-shock therapy n. 电休克疗法，电休克治疗emen n.精液, 精子emotional adj.情绪的, 情感的ethic n.道德规范, 伦理euthanasia n.安乐死exaggerate v.夸大, 夸张expertise n.专家的意见, 专门技术extravagant adj.奢侈的, 浪费的, 过分的, 放纵的facility n.容易, 简易, 灵巧, 熟练, 便利, 敏捷, 设备, 工具Feudal System 封建体系geographical adj.地理学的, 地理的grapple v.格斗hospice n.临终关怀，安息所，养护院hypotonic adj.[医]张力减退的, 低渗的iatrogenic adj.因医生的治疗而引起的，医源性的immunization n.使免除, 使免疫in charge adv.主管, 看管, 在...看管下indelible adj.去不掉的, 不能拭除的infanticide n.杀婴, 杀婴者infertility n.不肥沃, 不毛，不育innovation n.改革, 创新insemination n.授精, 播种integrate vt.使成整体, 使一体化, 求...的积分v.结合Intensive adj.强烈的, 精深的, 透彻的, [语法]加强语气的n.加强器interpretation n.解释, 阐明, 口译, 通译intestinal adj.肠的, 肠内的, (疾病)侵袭肠的ionize vt.使离子化vi.电离Jehovah Witnesses n.耶和华（犹太教神名的基督教读法）作证派Judaism n.犹太教malignant adj.恶性的Medical Ethics 医学伦理学Medication n.药物治疗, 药物处理, 药物mental adj.精神的, 智力的methodical adj.有方法的, 有系统的milieu n.周围, 环境monitor n.班长, 监听器, 监视器, 监控器vt.监控v.监控monopoly n.垄断, 垄断者, 专利权, 专利事业morbidity n.病态, 不健全, 发病率normally adv.正常地, 通常地obstruction n.阻塞, 妨碍, 障碍物oncologist n.肿瘤学家，肿瘤医生oncology n.肿瘤学paediatric adj.[医]儿科的, 儿科医学的palliation n.减轻palliative adj.减轻的n.辩解pass on v.去世, 传递passage n.通过, 经过, 通道, 通路, (一)段, (一)节patent n.专利权, 执照, 专利品adj.特许的, 专利的, 显著的, 明白的, 新奇的vt.取得...的专利权, 请准专利personality n.个性, 人格, 人物, 名人, (用复数)诽谤、人身攻击pharmaceutic adj.配药学的, 调药的Pharmacy n.药房, 药剂学, 配药业, 制药业, 一批备用药品Physician/Patient Relationship 医患关系Placebo n.为死者所诵的晚祷词, 安慰剂poliomyelitis n.小儿麻痹症, 急性骨髓灰白质炎Population Policy 人口政策prefer vt.更喜欢, 宁愿Pregnancy n.怀孕psychiatrist n.精神病医师, 精神病学家psychiatry n.精神病学, 精神病治疗法psychogeriatrics [复] n.[用作单] [医]老年精神病学psychopathy n.精神变态, 心理变态psychopharmacology n.精神( 病) 药理学psychotherapy n.精神疗法, 心理疗法psychotropic adj.(药物)作用于精神的radiation n.发散, 发光, 发热, 辐射, 放射, 放射线, 放射物radiotherapist n.放射线治疗医师radiotherapy n.放射线疗法reassign vt.再分配，再指定relief n.(痛苦等的)减轻, (债务等的)免除, 救济, 调剂, 安慰, 浮雕, 地貌respiratory adj.呼吸的reversal n.颠倒, 反转, 反向, 逆转, 撤销Self- Medication自疗seminar n.研究会, 讨论发表会Sex Education 性教育sexual adj.性的, 性别的, [生]有性的Sexually Transmitted Disease 性传播疾病Shinto n.日本之神道教,1945年前为日本国教Situational Ethics 境遇伦理学Social Work Ethics 社会工作伦理Social Worker 社会工作者spina bifida n. 脊柱裂Spiritual Healing 精神康复step back 进入毫无意义的地位Sterilization n.杀菌, 绝育suicide n.自杀, 自毁, 给自己带来伤害或损失的行为symptom n.[医][植]症状, 征兆take over v.把...从一地带到另一地, 接收, 接管terminal n.终点站, 终端, 接线端adj.末期, 每期的, 每学期的terminology n.术语学therapeutic adj.治疗的, 治疗学的n.治疗剂, 治疗学家transmit vt.传输, 转送, 传达, 传导, 发射, 遗传, 传播vi.发射信号, 发报trauma n.[医] 外伤, 损伤undertake vt.承担, 担任, 许诺, 保证v.采取variation n.变更, 变化, 变异, 变种, [音]变奏, 变调Vital adj.生死攸关的, 重大的, 生命的, 生机的, 至关重要的, 所必需的ward n. 守卫, 保卫, 保护, 牢房, 病房, 行政区, 监护, 锁孔vt.守护, 保卫, 防止, 挡住, 躲开, 避免历史上的医学伦理医患关系Physician/Patient Relationship希波克拉底誓言oath of hippocrates严禁对病人的一切毒害和妄为I will keep them from harm and injustice绝对命令Absolute order孔子Confucius孔孟之道the theory of Confucius and Mencius仁Kindheartedness仁爱Love仁爱原则Principle of love人类尊严原理Principle of human dignity儒家伦理The ethics of Confucian school内省Introspection良心conscience道德行为Moral conduct动机说Motivism设身处地Put yourself in his place利益Interests人类生命神圣性sanctity of human life佛教Buddhism日内瓦宣言Declaration of Geneva国际医学伦理规范International code of Medical Ethics医学科研与医学伦理人工授精Artificial insemination世界医学会赫尔辛基宣言World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki纽伦堡法典Nuremberg Code动物实验法animal experimentation研究对象的权利The right of research subjects知情同意the informed consent美国护理学会章典the American Nurses’Association’s code临终病人the dying patient病人的权利Patients’right人体实验human subjects experimentation双重影响double effect临床研究Clinical investigation动物实验animal experimentation精神疗法phychotherapy器官移植organ transplantation人体实验的伦理原则The ethical principle in experiment on human subject 伦理委员会an independent ethics committee公正justice道德权力Moral right动物的权力Animal right胚胎权力The right of human foetus双盲研究Doubleblind Studies不伤害原则principle of nonmaleficence免于受伤害权freedom from harm自愿的voluntary非自愿的non-voluntary人类基因研究与医学伦理人类基因组计划the Human Genome Project基因工程Gene engineering基因诊断Gene diagnosis克隆Cloning体细胞基因治疗somatic cell gene therapy性细胞基因治疗sex cell gene therapy治疗性基因治疗treatment gene therapy增强性基因治疗enhancement gene therapy基本原则basic principle医学目的medical motives人道主义humanism基因隐私Genetic privacy基因歧视Genetic discrimination基因治疗Gene therapy价值冲突conflict of value价值主体The subject of value价值客体The object of value伦理价值Ethic value科学自由Liberty of science科学家的社会责任Social responsibility of scientists科学家的权利与义务Right and duty of scientists科学精神与人文精神的结合cooperation of scientific and humanistic spirits 后代人权Right of future generation隐私privacy医疗秘密medical confidentiality尊重病人respect卫生管理与医学伦理伦理问题Ethical issues人口政策Population Policy世界卫生组织World Health Organization (WHO)初级卫生保健primary health care (PHC)卫生政策health policy公益原则The principle of public good平等原则The principle of equity公正原则The principle of justice行善原则The principle of beneficence效益原则The principle of utility差别原则Difference principle自主原则The principle of autonomy行动自主autonomy of action道德规范Moral norms功利主义Utilitarianism经济人Economic person理性选择rational choice利己主义Egoism/Self-love利他主义Altruism帕累托最优Pareto optimality机会平等Equity of opportunity囚徒困境Prisoner’s Dilemma基本需要Basic needs优先原则Principle of priority生物心理社会医学模式biopsychosocial medical model 不对称信息asymmetric information合作医疗制度cooperative medical care system急诊首诊负责制emergency first-visit responsibility公平equity卫生保健health care卫生组织health organization卫生服务health service医院管理hospital management医疗事故medical malpractice医学模式medical model价格歧视price discrimination社会保险social insurance专科护理special nursing全民保险计划universal insurance plan福利welfare合理化rationalization其它安乐死euthanasia临终关怀hospice境遇伦理学Situational Ethics父权主义paternalism人工授精Artificial insemination体外受精external fertilization人的胚胎human embryos代理母亲surrogate motherhood配偶间的试管婴儿test-tube baby by spouse（杨同卫编辑）生育代理母亲surrogate mother不孕Infertility避孕contraception产前诊断prenatal diagnosis生育Procreation生育控制birth control出生率birth rate出生缺陷birth defect存活率survival rate堕胎abortion堕胎避孕药abortive contraceptive发育迟缓intrauterine growth retardation发育能力capacity for growth非婚生子女illegitimate child分娩labor妇幼保健health care for women and child宫内手术intra-uterine operation后代、子孙offspring婚前受孕premarital conception婚前体检premarital physical examination积极优生学positive eugenics计划生育planned parenthood夫精人工受精（同源人工受精）artificial insemination by husband 家庭计划family planning精子Sperm精子库Bank of sperm节育fertility control近亲结婚consanguineous marriage绝育sterilization控制人口population control联体婴儿conjoined twins劳动力work force卵子Ovum消极优生学negative eugenics剖宫产cesarean section or birth弃婴foundling强迫性避孕compulsory contraception人工辅助生殖技术assisted reproductive technology无性生殖Asexual reproduction, also called clone.人口population人口金字塔population pyramid人口理论population theory人口伦理学population ethics人口税population tax人口政策population policy色盲color blindness杀婴infanticide生育观views of fertility生育控制fertility control生育权利fertility right生殖细胞germ cell试管婴儿In vitro fertilization, IVF （test tube baby）收养adoption输精管切除vasectomy输卵管结扎ligation of oviduct围生保健perinatal care围生期死亡perinatal mortality围生医学perinatal medicine卫生人口health population无脑儿anencephalic neonate先天性畸形congenital malformation新生儿安乐死euthanasia of neonate性别监测sex surveillance性别歧视sex discrimination阉割castration严重缺陷新生儿serious defective newborn遗传缺陷genetic defect遗传隐私genetic privacy遗传咨询genetic counseling遗传咨询与保密genetic counseling and confidentiality 异源人工受精artificial insemination by donor (AID).引产induced abortion优生堕胎eugenic abortion优生法eugenics law优生学eugenics早产儿pre-term infant知情同意Informed consent终止妊娠termination of pregnancy痴愚者moron死亡安乐师practitioner of euthanasia安乐术practice of euthanasia安乐死euthanasia安乐死运动euthanasia movement被动安乐死（消极安乐死）passive euthanasia濒死状态near death state病理死亡pathological death道教Daoism持续性植物状态persistent vegetative state.非自愿安乐死involuntary euthanasia腐败putrefaction荷兰安乐死立法legalization of euthanasia in Netherlands呼吸—呼吸作用respiration火葬cremation己所不欲，勿施于人Do unto others as you would have them do unto you 积极安乐死（主动安乐死）positive euthanasia疾病ailments脉搏pulse临终关怀terminal care没有表达意愿安乐死euthanasia without consent脑干brainstem脑死亡brain death脑电图electroencephalogram善终医学palliative medicine生理死亡physiological death生前遗嘱living will水葬water burial死亡death死亡标准criteria of death死亡观perspectives of death死亡过程dying process死亡教育death education死亡控制control of death死亡率mortality rate死亡权利rights to die死亡文明civilization of death死亡宣布declaration of death死亡哲学philosophy of death死亡状态state of death死因顺序ranking causes of death天葬celestial burial瞳孔pupils土葬ground burial文明死亡civilized death无痛致死painless death无痛致死术practice of painless death无伤nonmalefence.心肺死亡标准Cardiorespiratory criterion of death 养老院rest home医助自杀physician-assisted suicide意外死亡accidental death优死euthanasia致死cause of death准自杀para-suicide自然死natural death自杀suicide自杀未遂attempted suicide自愿安乐死voluntary euthanasia尊严死death with dignity。
高中英语阅读理解高频词汇(分类整理)
高中英语阅读理解高频词汇(分类整理)1.disable vt使无能力；使残废2.XXX移植记：trans（转移）+plant（种植）=移植派：XXX n移植3.prescribe v开处方派：n n处方4.diagnose vt诊断、判断派：diagnosis n诊断5.soothe vt安慰、使平静、减轻、缓和例：XXX这种药会减轻你的喉痛6.alleviate vt减轻、缓和、缓解例：XXX缓解疼痛7.expire vi断气、（期限）终止例：XXX我的驾照下个月到期8.chronic a慢性的考：XXX慢性疾病9.dizzy a头晕目眩的10.resistant a有抵抗力的、抵抗的派：resistance n抵抗、阻力11.immune a免疫的，不受影响的派：be XXX免于，不受影响的be immune from免除的12.disorder n混乱、失调例：economic disorder经济记：dis（承认前缀）+ order（秩序）fort n不适14.syndrome n综合症考：AIDS艾滋病Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome）15.handicap n缺陷、障碍派：XXX出缺点的派：disabled a伤残的16.strain n拉紧、过劳、扭伤vt拉伤、使紧张vi尽力派：restrained vt抑制，遏制；管制。
17.surgeon n外科医生派：surgery n外科、外科手术18.physician n内科医生19.pregnancy n怀孕、怀孕期派：XXX怀孕的20.remedy n治疗法、补救办法21.bacteria n细菌22.stress n压力派：stressful a有压力的23.absent-XXX心不在焉的大夫给她注射以减轻痛苦悲伤24.XXX n绷带25.stroke n中风26.pharmacy n药房、药店、药剂学、配药27.capsule n胶囊、航天舱、密封舱例：a space capsule太空舱28.pill n药片例：take pills服药29.tablet n药片30.scar n伤疤、创伤v留下伤痕工作类的高频词XXX雇佣；利用考：in the XXX受雇于派：employer n雇主；employee n雇员XXX n雇佣，工作XXX赋闲XXX（使）胜任，（使）具有资格考：XXX使具有…的资格派：n n资格，前提；qualified a有资格的assign vt指派，遴派；分派，安置（功课）派：assignment作业XXX承当，动手做；包管，赞成考：XXX从事…派：undertaking n事业，任务XXX使忙碌，使处置；占领，占用派：n n职业；occupant n居住者；occupancy n占有exert vt用力；运用，发挥，施加考：exert oneself努力，尽力；XXX尽某人全力派：n n 努力；发挥，行使alter vt改变；修改衣服派：n n改动，变换；unaltered a未被改动的，稳定的；alternative n交换物，选择XXX vi告退vt辞去，摒弃；使依从考：resign from告退XXX使依从equal a胜任的，合格的；一律的vt等于考：be equal to相等的；胜任的，合适的派：XXX相等地；equality n同等，平等r a劣等的；下级的n下级，下属考：be XXX…差，不如…派：rity n下级；自卑感capable a有能力的考：be capable of能够brilliant a卓越的；光辉的派：XXX光辉地，灿烂地auxiliary a辅助的，补助的；附属的；备用的例：the auxiliary generator备用发电机XXX a空着的；（职位、工作等）空缺的；（神情）茫然的派：vacancy n空处，空缺enterprise n企业，事业考：XXX合资企业例：XXX事业心和创造力XXX寻找；打猎；追捕派：XXX n猎人job-XXX找工作的人考：hunt down对…穷追到底；go hunting打猎；XXX寻找interview n面试XXX候选人resume n简历；择要v（中断后）从头开始，规复派：n n 从头开始ability n本事，能力；才能考：to the best of one’s XXX尽某人最大努力；XXX从事（某事）的能力XXX理解，领会；抓紧，抓牢考：XXX为某人所能及的例：grasp opportunities捉住机遇commitment n承诺，包管；献身；承当的任务例：the commitment of the staff员工的任务grind n苦差事vt磨；压迫vi磨擦得吱吱作响考：grind for an exam勤奋准备考试；grind out生拼硬凑地写出XXX studies受苦攻读英语；派：grinder磨工strain n过分劳顿，极度严重；扭伤vt扭伤；拉紧vi极力考：mental strain精神严重interval n距离，间距；幕间（或工间）苏息考：at intervals不时；相隔肯定距离subordinate n属下，上级a上级的，主要的vt使处于主要地位，使从属于考：be XXX主要的，从属的XXX n副职，副手；代表，代理人考：deputy mayor副市长XXX自由职业者，独立行动的人a自由职业者的prospect n前途，（成功等的）可能性v勘探，勘察考：prospect for勘探，勘察派：prospective a未来的prospector n勘探者，采矿者allowance n津贴，补贴，零用钱考：make allowance（s）for考虑到，顾及；体谅；原谅seal n印，图章；封印，封条；海豹vt（密）封考：seal off封闭，封锁；break the seal拆封派：sealed密封的XXX n最后期限e vt战胜，克服例：e difficulties克服困难XXX使懊恼，使恼怒派：XXX a令人恼人的；XXX烦恼；XXX颇为生气的despair vi绝望；n绝望考：despair of绝望；sb。
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怀孕英语（Pregnancy）
Pregnancy
一、怀孕前
Belly tummy 肚子
womb 子宫uterus
sperm精子ovum卵子
birth control 节育，避孕，计划生育unintended pregnancy 意外怀孕conception 怀孕受精
artificial fecundation 人工授精artificial insemination
fetus 胎儿embryo胚胎
二、怀孕初期
First three month=first trimester
前三个月
What trimester are you in?
morning (pregnancy)sickness
孕妇怀孕初期的反应，孕妇晨吐
Folic acid 叶酸
Expected date of confinement, EDC
预产期
due date 到期日
Check up（全面）physical examination
体检
exam(专科)
ultrasonic examination 超声检查
三、怀孕中
Be pregnant=going through pregnancy
No strenuous activities
不做高强度工作
Loose clothing 宽松的衣服
Tight clothing 紧身的衣服
abortion人工流产，堕胎
miscarry
（指妇女）流产；（指计划等）失败
If a woman miscarries, she has a miscarriage. habitual abortion 习惯性流产
antenatal education 胎教
sex gender 性别
四、分娩
be in labour分娩normal childbirth顺产，natural labor
She always has easy deliveries.
她总是顺产
Caesarean [s??ze?ri:?n ?sek??n] section （c-section）破腹产Now, a new study looks at one way that babies delivered by c - section are different. 现在, 一项新研究从一方面认为通过破腹产出生的儿童与正常出生的儿童相比,有所不同.
midwife接生员
delivery + baby 接生
help sb to delivery
The midwife delivered the baby.
助产士接生下这个婴儿
Betty is the midwife of Jim.
贝蒂是吉姆的接生婆。
Darren’s girlfriend is a midwife.
达伦的女朋友是个助产士。
Childbirth 分娩生产
Birth 出生
twin 双胞胎triplet三胞胎
五、出生后
infant婴儿
suckling period哺乳期
cradle 摇篮
diaper 尿布wipe 擦屁纸cloth wipe disposable diaper 一次性尿布
nipple 奶嘴
nursing bottle 奶瓶baby bottle
warmer 加热器
bib （婴儿用的）围嘴
Breastfeeding 母乳喂养
breastfeed用母乳喂养
newborn baby 新生儿
new mothers新妈妈
formula milk 配方奶
breast milk母乳
burp 打嗝
digest 消化
sterilize消毒杀菌
nutrient 营养品nutrition 营养
neat 整洁的
unisex （服饰等）不分男女的
baby clothes baby gear童装baby shoes 童鞋
baby carrier baby carriage baby buggy stroller 童车
babysitter 临时照顾幼儿者
children’s nurse 保育员
car seat 儿童汽车座椅
stepfather继父
stepmother继母stepparent继父（母）natural father生父
natural mother生母
foster father 养父foster mother 养母foster parent 养父母
foster child 养子
Parenting class 亲子课
Incurable 无法治愈的
popsicle 冰棒雪糕
office hours 工作时间
after hours 下班时间
there can be 可能有...
achieve 取得，获得，实现，成功Viewpoint 观点
Fertilize 施肥
Fertilizer 肥料，化肥
Following
adj.后面的，其次的；下列的；顺风的
n. 崇拜者，拥护者；下列，如下；跟随；随球
prep. 随后，在…以后
An embryo is the developing offspring during the first 8 weeks following conception Approximately近似地，大约Approximate vi. 接近于；近似于
Somewhat
adv. 稍微；有点；达到某种程度
n. 少量；某些数量；某种程度arbitrarily adv. 任意地；武断地；反复无常地；肆意地
decidedly 果断地，坚决地
as a means to
作为。
的一种方法/手段
simplify 简化
former 前，
former Prime Minister 前总理
refer to 提到
diagnose 诊断
unplanned无计划的，未筹划的
to some extent某种程度上
is referred to as 被称为
if at all就算真的有，也…（置于句末，具体意思根据句子前半部分而定）
pharmacy 药店
to get bigger
to grow
Crave for something, carve to do sth. 渴望foster home 孤儿院
nursing home, rest home养老院
mandatory
强制性的强制性来源于某种命令或行为mandatory order 强制性命令compulsory 义务的强制性来源于法律或法律程序的强制规定compulsory attendance law 义务教育法compulsory standard 强制性标准compulsory enforcement强制执行voluntary 志愿的handmade 手工做的，手工制品Handicraft 手工艺品
Souvenir 纪念品
妇科磨片检查：pap smear
尿样：urine sample
孕期糖尿病：gestational diabetes
怀孕时宝宝心跳：Fetal heart rate (FHR)
最后一次月经的第一天：Last menstrual period (LMP)
叶酸：folic acid
怀孕周期（分初期、中期、后期三个周期）：trimester
预产期：due date
孕期/产前：Prenatal
产后：Postpartum (PP)
内检/阴道检查：Vaginal exam
胚胎：fetus
B超：Ultrasound
宫颈口检查：Cervical exam
可以听到宝宝心跳的仪器：Doppler
检测宝宝心跳和宫缩的仪器：Electronic fetal monitoring (EFM) 基因检测：genetic screening
唐氏综合征：Down Syndrome
开指：Dilation
剖腹产：Cesarean section or C-section (CS) 有认证的助产护士：Certified nurse midwife 宫缩：contraction
麻药：epidural
新生儿：Newborn
儿医：Pediatrician
早产：Premature labor (PML)
助产吸盘：Vacuum extraction
疫苗：vaccination
胎盘：placenta
助产钳：forceps
引产：induced labor
新生儿监护室：NICU
早产儿：Preterm
脐带：Umbilical cord
黄疸：Jaundice
羊水：Bag of waters
避孕：birth control
出生日期：Date of birth (DOB)
出生证明：Birth verification letter
母乳喂养：Breastfeeding
奶粉：formular。