新概念英语第二册第八课学习笔记
新概念英语第二册第八课笔记整理
新概念英语第二册第八课笔记整理一、课文笔记课文讲述了作者在英国度假时遇到的一位老妇人的故事。
作者在度假期间，偶然遇到了这位老妇人，她向作者询问了一些关于英国文化和生活的问题，作者通过回答这些问题，逐渐了解了英国的文化和生活方式。
同时，作者也从老妇人的谈话中获得了一些启发和思考。
二、词汇积累1. greeting（问候）2. reply（回答）3. hesitate（犹豫）4. confused（困惑）5. delighted（高兴）6. offbeat（独特的）7. notion（想法）8. sensation（感觉）9. question（问题）10. thought（思考）三、语法学习本课的语法重点是过去时态的用法，特别是与助动词did的搭配。
课文中出现了许多过去时态的句子，如“I greeted her with a smile”，“She seemed delighted to hear my answers”，“I hesitated for amoment before replying”，“I didn't understand her question”，“I thought for a while before answering”等。
通过这些句子的学习，我们可以更好地掌握过去时态的用法和与助动词did的搭配。
四、文化拓展本课涉及到了英国文化和生活方式，我们可以进一步拓展关于英国的历史、文化、风俗等方面的知识。
例如，可以了解英国的传统节日、食物、社交礼仪等。
这些知识不仅有助于我们更好地理解课文，还能拓宽我们的视野，增长我们的见识。
五、口语练习我们可以根据课文内容进行口语练习，例如，可以模拟与老妇人的对话，练习用英语表达自己的想法和感受。
此外，我们还可以结合自己的经历和感受，用英语讲述一些与课文相关的故事或经历，提高自己的口语表达能力和思维逻辑能力。
六、写作模板根据课文内容，我们可以模仿作者的写作方式，写一篇介绍自己家乡或旅行经历的文章。
裕兴新概念英语第二册笔记 第08课#(优选.)
Lesson 8 The best and the worstNew words and expressionscompetition [ˌkɔmpiˈtiʃən] n.比赛,竞赛neat [ni:t] adj.整齐的,整洁的path [pɑ:θ]n.小路,小径wooden [ˈwudn] adj.木头的pool [pu:l] n.水池competit ion [ˌkɔmpiˈtiʃən] n.比赛,竞赛(contest)She came first in the beauty competition.她在选美比赛得了第一名.boxing competition 拳击赛chess competition 棋类赛competition between ( two parties ) 双方之间的比赛competition with sb for sth 与…竞争,角逐The competition between Joe and Bill for “the best garden prize”. --- Joe competed with Bill for “the best garden” prize.competition between bidders for the valuable paintingcompete v. [kəm'pi:t]compete against sb/compete with sb 与…比赛,和…竞争Several companies are competing against each other for the contract.lion’s contract单方面的契约–源自<<伊索寓言>>competitor [kəm'petitə] n.竞争者,比赛者,对手This firm provides better service than its competitors.competitive [kəm'petitiv] adj.竞争的,竞争性的competitive spirit 竞争心,竞争意识competent ['kɔmpitənt] 有能力的competence [ˈkɔmpitəns] n.能力She is competent for (doing) the task. ---She is competent to do the task.neat [ni:t] adj.整齐的,整洁的,有序的a neat rooma neat gardena neat roada neat writing 书写整洁clean adj.干净的,无杂质的clean handsclean aira clean roomtidy 整洁的,整齐的,用法类似于neatneat adj.(口语)纯的,不搀水的,没有杂质的(美语用straight来表达)a neat whisky 纯威士忌That’s neat! (That’s great!)太棒了!path [pɑ:θ] (footpath)市镇中间,住宅之前或田野中穿越田地,沿路有标志的人行道lane [lein]1) 乡间小径a narrow country lane2) 各自的跑道 (田径场上),保龄球球道3) overtaking lane (高速公路上的)超车道road 路,道路,公路country road 乡村小路by road= by car or by busAll roads lead to Rome. 条条大路通罗马.track1) (走得多而形成的路;跑道;轨道)track events 径赛项目a single track 单轨a double track 双轨2) (车辆,人,动物等行走时留下的)踪迹,足迹,痕迹tire tracks 轮胎的轨迹keep track of sb/sth 与某人/某事保持联系on the right track 做得对track and field 田径赛be on the track of a person 追赶,追踪某人street 街,街道(美国指东西走向的街道)His address is 155 Smith Street.avenue ['ævənju:] 大街 (美国指南北走向街道);林荫大道(Br)the Fifth avenue 第五大道wooden [ˈwudn] adj.木头的wood [wud]1) 木,木材(不可数名词)Tables are usually made of wood2) woods 森林(不如forest 大)go for a walk in the woods 在森林中散步3) 柴禾 firewood; chop woodCannot see the wood for the trees. 只见树木,不见森林.knock on the wood (touch wood)西方人的一种迷信,说完好运后,敲木头,以免好运溜走. adj. 1) 木制的a wooden bridge over a pool2) 举止行为僵硬而笨拙的a wooden smilea wooden performancewooden spoon 最后一句,末等奖I get the wooden spoon in “the Nicest Garden Competition” every year.born with a silver spoon in one’s mouth生于富贵之家woody [ˈwʊdi:] adj.木材的,木质的,象木头的pool [pu:l]1) 水池,水坑,水塘swimming pool 游泳池pond 池塘(尤指供牲口饮水或作为花园之装饰)a fish pond 养鱼池lake 湖2) 合伙投资We bought a computer by the pool.我们合伙买了一台电脑.Key Structures形容词,副词的比较级和最高级英语中的形容词,副词,表示”比较”和”最”这样的概念时,用特别的形式称为比较级和最高级. 有两种基本构成方式:第一种是单音节的adj.或adv.变比较级或最高级直接加er或esthot---hotter---hottesttall---taller-tallestlarge—larger—largest另外一种是多音节的(三音节及以上的)adj.或adv.变比较级或最高级前面加more或most. interesting-more interesting—most interestingbeautiful-more beautiful—most beautiful双音节的形容词,副词的比较级,最高级变化:A. 以-ble, -y, -ly, -er, -ow结尾的双音节词,后加er,est.noble—nobler—noblestable—abler—ablestpretty—prettier—prettiestearly—earlier—earliestclever—cleverer---cleverestnarrow—narrower—narrowestB. 其它双音节词前加more,mostmore helpfulmore careful还有一些比较特殊,如:good/well-better-bestbad/ill-worse-worstmany/much-more-mostlittle-less-leastfar-father/further-farthest/furthest当表示路很远,距离更远,是具体的远,能测出尺度的,这时用farther,farthest;表示更进一步,更深入的,表示一种抽象的含义时,用further,furthest;further study 深造学习further questions 更进一步的问题old-older-oldest 表示普通含义更老一些,更旧一些,用older,oldest;old-elder-eldest 表示有血源关系的,年龄更长的,最年长的,用elder,eldest.1) 形容词的比较级用来表示”比…多(少)一些”时,通常用than来表示,than引起的状态从句来表示和什么相比,为了避免重复,从句中有些成分可以活力,只把相比部分突出来,如:Prevention is better than cure.(谚)预防胜于治疗;宜未雨绸缪.There are fewer boys than girls in our class.It takes less time to go there by bus than by boat.Are you feeling better?I had never seen a better film.2) 形容词的最高级在使用时,前面通常要加定冠词the, 并有一个短语或从句表示在哪个范围的情况如此. Autumn is the best season here.It was the cheapest hotel we could find.That was the most delicious meal I have ever had.但在作表语的形容词最高级前,如果不是和别人相比,常常不加定冠词.We are busiest on Tuesdays.Vegetables are best when they are fresh.3) 比较原则:A. 比较对象对等一致原则It’s warmer in Wuhan than Shanghai. (wrong)---It’s warmer in Wuhan than in Shanghai. (right)Bill Frith’s garden is larger than Joe’s.There are more students in our class than in your class.B. 排除自身去比较He is the tallest.He is taller than anyone. (wrong)---He is taller than anyone else.Wuhan is hotter than any other city.Exercise: 用of或in填空1. Which is the longest river (in) the world?2. This is the finest picture (of) them all.3. This stereo is the most expensive (of) all the ones in the shops.4. He is the best boxer (in) our town规律:当表示最高级时,比较范围如果是比较地点,用in 来表达;比较平等对象之间,用of来表达.in the worldof them allof all the onesin our townTextJoe Sanders has the mos t beautiful garden in our town. Nearly everybody enters for “The Nicest Garden Competition” each year, but Joe wins every time.Bill Frith’s garden is larger than Joe’s. Bill works harder than Joe and grows more flowers and vegetables, but Joe’s garden i s more interesting.He has made neat paths and has built a wooden bridge over a pool. I like gardens too, but I do not like hard work. Every year I enter for the garden competition too, and I always win a little prize for the worst garden in the town!乔.桑德斯拥有我们镇上最漂亮的花园。
新概念二册第八课笔记
NCE II Lesson 8单词及词组1.enter vt. (= v/go/walk/ru n…into) 进入…While my friend, George was reading in the bedroom, two thieves entered the room.enter for + 活动/比赛/考试报名参加…(= sign up for )join + 组织/团体join the party join in/ take part in + 活动Let’s enter for/ sign up for GRE. 2.prize n. [c] 奖, 奖金, 奖品, 奖赏She won the prize in the 100 meters race. He won the $ 2000 prize on the football pools.3.pool n.[c] 游泳池, 奖池, 赌注. Are you making the football pools. The pool is 50 meters long.petition n. [c] 比赛/竞赛(=contest) > match (两者,两队之间) football match. race 速度比赛.5.each / everyeach adj. (=every) 区别: each 指两者及两者以上的每一个…. evert 指三者及三者以上的每一个…当表示三者及三者以上的每一个…,时可以互换. Each 不能与not连用如：Not each (×)I go to school each day/ every day. Each man/ Every man has his own idea.each 还有pron. 词性可用each of + 限定词(the,my…) + [c] pl. 或each of us/them/you 以及They/we/you each…Each(=Every one) of the students has a backpack. Each(=Every one) of them has a backpack.They each have a backpack.lesson 8 比较级和最高级的用法一、比较级1．“比较级 + and + 比较级”或“more and more +原级(多音节形容词或副词)”表示“越来越……”It is getting cooler and cooler. 天气越来越凉爽。
《新概念英语》第二册第8课
《新概念英语》第二册第8课Lesson 81:Joe Sanders has the most beautiful garden in our town. Nearly everybody enters for 'The Nicest Garden Competition' each year, but Joe wins every time.1)形容词和副词的比较等级1>. 原级，也就是原形；2>. 比较级，表示“较……”或“更……”的意思（用于两者之间比较）；3>. 最高级，表示“最……”的意思（用于三者或三者以上的比较）。
形容词、副词的比较级和最高级是如何构成的？1>. 单音节词和少数以-er，-ow结尾的双音节单词，比较级在后面加-er，最高级在后面加-est。
①单音节单词small→smaller→smallest short→shorter→shortesttall→taller→tallest great→greater→g reatest②少数以-er，-ow结尾的双音节单词clever→cleverer→cleverest narrow→narrower→narrowest2>. 以不发音e结尾的单音节单词，比较级在原形后加-r，最高级在原级后加-st。
large→larger→largest nice→nicer→nicest able→abler→ablest3>. 以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节（即：辅音＋元音＋辅音）单词中，先双写末尾的辅音字母，比较级加-er，最高级加-est。
big→bigger→bigg esthot→hotter→hottestfat→fatter→fattest4>. 以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的双音节词，把y改为i，比较级加-er，最高级加-est。
easy→easier→easiestheavy→heavier→heaviestbusy→busier→busiesthappy→happier→happiest5>. 其他双音节词和多音节词，比较级在前面加more，最高级在前面加most。
新概念英语第二册笔记新版 Lesson 8：The best and the worst
新概念英语第二册笔记新版 Lesson 8：The bestand the worst【New words and expressions】生词和短语★competition n. 比赛，竞赛race car racefootball matchcontest baby contestbeauty contest 选美暗地里的竞争－competitiongame★neat adj. 整齐的，整洁的neat=tidy★path n. 小路，小径★wooden adj. 木头的★pool n. 水池人工的swimming poolpond 天然的good pondgood bad 比较级－than级－of allHe is the tallest of all. He is the tallest in the room.the -estmore interesting the most interesting三个或者是三个音节以上——多音节比较级的构成：more 原级级的构成：the most 原级单音节的词用er双音节以y结尾的双音节词 erclever cleverer more cleverslowly more slowlyoften more oftenfun：快乐more fun 美国人用无规律：good bad; many much; few littlemany much--more most little--less leastfar old far--farther farthest further furthestfarther：距离上的远和更远further：水准further moreold--older oldest elder eldestolder：比...大elder：做定语修饰其他名词elder sisterShe is older than somebodyFirst listen and then answer the question.听录音，然后回答以下问题。
新概念第二册第8课
Practice
• 1. —I will give you some nice picture books. —Good. The________, the________. (03年厦门市) A. more; better B. many; better C. most; best D. much; better • 2.—Junk food is bad for our health. (09朝阳) • —Yes, the you eat, the healthier you will be. • A. little B. few C. less D. more
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• It becomes much to provide enough energy for a big city with a larger population. • A．difficult • B．more difficult • C．most difficult
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80 yuan
120 yuan
180 yuan
#Leabharlann eterEnglish math 90 58
Anne
98 38
Ken
92 48
The children are good at English. good . Peter’s English is ______ better than Peter. Ken’s English is ______ Anne’s English is _____ the ______ best . the worst But her math is _____ _____ of the three.
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新概念英语第二册第八课
Lesson 8 The best and the worst最好的和最差的Joe Sanders has the most beautiful garden in our town. Nearly everybody enters for 'The Nicest Garden Competition' each year, but Joe wins every time. Bill Frith's garden is larger than Joe's.Bill works harder than Joe and grows more flowers and vegetables, but Joe's garden is more interesting. He has made neat paths and has built a wooden bridge over a pool. I like gardens too, but I do not like hard work. Every year I enter for the garden competition too, and I always win a little prize for the worst garden in the town!New words and expressions 生词和短语competition n. 比赛，竞赛neat adj. 整齐的，整洁的path n. 小路，小径wooden adj. 木头的pool [pu:l] n. 水池参考译文乔.桑德斯拥有我们镇上最漂亮的花园。
几乎每个人都参加每年举办的“最佳花园竞赛”，而每次都是乔获胜。
比尔.弗里斯的花园比乔的花园大，他比乔也更为勤奋，种植的花卉和蔬菜也更多，但乔的花园更富有情趣。
他修筑了一条条整洁的小路，并在一个池塘上架了一座小木桥。
新概念英语第二册第8课课文详解及语法解析
新概念英语第二册第8课课文详解及语法解析课文详注 Further notes on the text1.Nearly everybody enters for 'The Nicest Garden Competition' each year, but Joe wins every time. 几乎每个人都参加每年举办的“花园竞赛”，而每次都是乔获胜。
(1)nearly和almost 意义相似，表示“几乎”、“差不多”、“差点儿”的意思：I'm nearly/ almost ready.我快准备好了。
I have nearly forgotten his name.我差点把他的名字忘了。
He nearly missed the train.他差点没赶上火车。
(2)each和every均可译为“每一个”，二者常常能够互相代替使用：Every/ Each time I wash the car it rains.每次我擦洗汽车，天总是下雨。
但是each更强调个体。
它常用以指一个确定的并通常是有限的数目：Each child in the school was questioned.学校里的每个孩子都被询问过了。
every却不那么强调个体，常用来指一个大的、不确定的数目：Every child enjoys Christmas.所有的/每个孩子都喜欢过圣诞节。
另外，each既能够作形容词又能够作代词，但every只能作形容词：They each have a share.他们每人都有一份。
Each of us has his own work to do.我们每个人都有自己的工作要干。
2.Bill Frith's garden is larger than Joe's. 比尔·弗里斯的花园比乔的花园大。
名词加-'s表示所属关系，构成名词的所有格。
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Lesson 8 The best and the worst 最好的和最差的【New words and expressions】生词和短语（5）competition n. 比赛，竞赛neat adj. 整齐的，整洁的path n. 小路，小径wooden adj. 木头的pool n. 水池★competition n. 比赛，竞赛（暗地里的竞争）race n. 比赛，竞赛car racematch n. 比赛football matchcontest n. 比赛（更广泛）baby contest 宝宝大赛；beauty contest 选美game : 游戏, 运动★neat adj. 整齐的, 整洁的，井井有条clean adj. 干净的neat=tidy <adj.> tidy <v.> (up) the room 整理房间★pool n. 水池(人工的) swimming pool 游泳池pond 池塘（天然的）《golden pond》—金色池塘【Text】Joe Sanders has the most beautiful garden in our town. Nearly everybody enters for 'The Nicest Garden Competition' each year, but Joe wins every time. Bill Frith's garden is larger than Joe's. Bill works harder than Joe and grows more flowers and vegetables, but Joe's garden is more interesting. He has made neat paths and has built a wooden bridge over a pool. I like gardens too, but I do not like hard work. Every year I enter for the garden competition too, and I always win a little prize for the worst garden in the town!参考译文乔.桑德斯拥有我们镇上最漂亮的花园. 几乎每个人都参加每年举办的“最佳花园竞赛” , 而每次都是乔获胜. 比尔.弗里斯的花园比乔的花园大, 他比乔也更为勤奋, 种植的花卉和蔬菜也更多, 但乔的花园更富有情趣. 他修筑了一条条整洁的小路, 并在一个池塘上架了一座小木桥. 我也喜欢花园, 但我却不愿意辛勤劳动. 每年的花园竞赛我也参加, 但总因是镇上最劣的花园而获得一个小奖!【课文讲解】1、Joe Sanders has the most beautiful garden in our town. Joe's garden is the most beautiful.Bill's garden is the largest. Bill’s garden is larger than Joe’s. （比较的东西都是同类的事物joe’s 的“’s”不能省略）2、Nearly everybody enters for 'The Nicest Garden Competition' each year, but Joe wins every time.nearly和almost意义相似，表示“几乎”、“差不多”、“差点儿”的意思。
I have nearly forgotten his name. 我差点把他的名字忘了。
I’m nearly/almost ready. 我快准备好了。
enter for 报名参加（各种竞赛，考试等活动）win（won，won）v. 赢①vi. 赢I win. I lose. (输了)②vt. 赢得……win something 后面往往是奖品,不能接对手I win the book. I win the gold cup. win a prize 赢得了一个奖win a prize for…因为……而获奖defeat [dɪ'fit]战胜,击败+对手I defeat you.3、Bill Frith's garden is larger than Joe's.名词加-’s 表示所属关系，构成名词的所有格。
这类名词往往指有生命的东西，特别是人。
所有格的语法作用相当于形容词，限定后面的名词。
这个被限定的名词在上下文中第二次被提到时可以省略，只要不引起误解。
4、He has made neat paths and has built a wooden bridge over a pool. make 和build在这里是同义词，“修建，建造”。
make 的词义比较笼统、广泛，可解释为“做、作出、制造”等，而build主要限于建筑业，指“建造，建设，盖房子，修筑（桥梁）等”Have you made the skirt by yourself?They have made a road along the river.【Key structures】形容词和副词的比较级和最高级比较级相当于汉语中“比……更……”这种句型，最高级则表示在某个范围“最……”的概念。
最高级在使用时前面通常要加定冠词the，并有一个短语或从句限定其范围。
1、比较级和最高级的构成：①单音节词和少数双音节词在词尾加-er，-est，以辅音加-y结尾的词变-y 为-i，再加-er，-est.②以-e 结尾的词加-r，-st.③以一个辅音字母结尾的单音节词要双写最后一个字母，再加-er，-est.④三个或者是三个音节以上（多音节）,比较级的构成: more+原级;最高级的构成: the most+原级.有一些双音节词既可在单词结尾加-er，-est，也可与more/less 和most/least 连用，如narrow['næro]狭窄的，clever，common ['kɑmən]普通的;常见的，pleasant等。
clever—cleverer—more cleverfun [fʌn]adj. 快乐more fun （美国人用）⑤有些构成是不规则的：good/well(better best)；bad/ill(worse worst)；many/much(more most)；little(less least)；far(farther further , farthest furthest)（farther:距离上的远和更远，further:程度上的更进一步）further more(更有甚者) old(older elder, oldest eldest)older 比……大, She is older than somebody. elder 做定语修饰其他名词, elder sister (年长的)姐姐.2、比较级和最高级的用法在使用比较级时，如果需要把所比较的两项都提到，那么就必须比较级后用than：My room is cleaner than the one next door.如果比较级之所指很清楚，它可独立存在：Which house do you prefer [prɪ'fɝ]宁可,宁愿(选择);更喜欢?I prefer the older one.最高级的限定范围一般用of，among [ə'mʌŋ]在...之中;在...中间，in 等介词短语；限定范围也可以是从句；如果范围很清楚，则可以省略。
John is the tallest of the three brother.This is the coldest day in ten years.Mary is the most intelligent [ɪn'tɛlədʒənt]有才智的;聪明的;明智的;有理性的person I’ve ever met.【Special Difficulties】every构成的合成词:every和one，body，thing可以构成复合不定代词everyone，everybody，everything。
Everyone和everybody一般可以替换使用，后面的代词既可以用单数，也可以用复数，但它们本身均被视为单数。
Everyone/Everybody knows what he has to do.= Everyone/Everybody knows what they have to do. 每个人都知道自己必须做什么。
Everything is going well. 一切都很顺利。
each 和every 均可译为“每一个”，两者常可互换。
every只能是形容词性，强调整体，常用来指一个大的、不确定的数目，不能直接做主语；each既可作形容词，又可作代词，强调个体，常用以一个确定的并通常是有限的数目，在作代词时，直接作主语或宾语，使用第三人称单数Every/Each time I wash the car it rains.Enter and Enter forenter①vt.&vi.进入enter+地点名词,Always knock on the door before you enter.②vt.&vi. 参加，加入We’ve entered into an agreement. 我们已达成一项协议。
He soon entered their conversation.enter for+表示比赛、竞赛、考试的名词报名参加, 强调报名enter for the examShe entered (her name/herself) for the mathematics competition. 她报名参加数学竞赛。
take part in 真正的参加2 Will you enter for_ this week's crossword competition? crossward 文字游戏3 Many athletes have entered ___for___ the Olympic Games this year. athletes = sportsman 运动员, 体育家【Multiple choice questions】3 Bill Frith's garden is larger than Joe's. It is ___b___ .a. larger gardenb. a large gardenc. large gardend. largest garden6 The writer is fond [fɑnd]喜欢的;爱好的of gardens. ___c___ .a. They like himb. They like to himc. He likes themd. He likes be fond of=likeI like sth./ I love sth./ I enjoy sth./I am fond of sth.8 Joe wins every time. He always ___b___ Bill Frith.a. winsb. beatsc. gainsd. earns对手关系不能用win，defeat v. 击败defeat sb.beat v. 打败；打gain [gen]得到;获得,赢得(战争、诉讼等) =get sth. earn [ɝn] vt. 挣得earn money9 Joe grows more flowers. More flowers ___a___ in his garden.a. growb. grow tallc. grow upd. grow biggrow vt. 种植: grow sth; grow flowers…vi. 生长: sth. grow; flowers are growinggrow tall/grow big 变得……（一般不加形容词）grow up 只和人连用, 表示人的长大（up adv.表示向上）10 Joe's garden is interesting. Joe is ___d___ in gardening.a. interestingb. interestc. interestinglyd. interestedsth. is interesting ……是令人感兴趣的be interested in…对……感兴趣11 The writer doesn't like hard work. It's __b__ to look after a garden.a. a hard workb. a hard jobc. hard jobd. hardly a jobit 作形式主语; 真正的主语是to look after the gardenhard work 繁重的工作work不可数名词；job 可数名词hardly adv.几乎不Have you understood me? Sorry, I have hardly understood you.12 Every year the writer enters for the garden competition ___b___ .a. veryb. alsoc. andd. eithervery 不单独使用；and并列连词, 不放在句子末尾；either 也, 表否定also 表示也, 可以放在句子末尾；often 可以放在句子末尾。