无灵主语

合集下载

新高考 读后续写之无“灵”主语+有“灵”谓语

新高考 读后续写之无“灵”主语+有“灵”谓语

无灵主语句子(讲义)目录_____________________________________________________________________【无灵主语】用无生命的事物做主语,用人或行为名词做主语,这类句子常常自带拟人化的修辞色彩和生动形象的效果,把没有生命的东西,赋予生命力,从而增加了主语的多样性,使语言更加言简意赅,精准传神。

【有灵谓语】有“灵”动词常为有生命的主语发出的动作,如:witness/has witnessed/saw/has seen/escaped/has escaped/left等。

普通句:He smiled when he first came up with the idea.无灵主语句:A smile took hold of him when the idea first came to him.刚想到这个主意的时候,他的脸上露出了笑容。

同样是表达“他笑了”,比起普通句式中的常见句子,无灵主语句中这种“笑容抓住了他”的拟人化表达,瞬间提升了高级感!普通句:She had a good idea.无灵主语句:A good idea came across her mind.同样是表达“她有了个好主意”,比起普通句式中的常见句子,无灵主语句中这种“想法跑到脑中”的拟人化表达则非常生动形象。

【谚语中的无灵主语】1.Constant dropping wears a stone.水滴石穿。

2.Every minute counts. 分秒必争。

3.A clear conscience laughs at false accusations.,不作亏心事,不怕鬼叫门。

4.Fortune knocks once at least at every man's door.人人都有好运的一天。

5.Need makes t he old wife trot . 事急老妪跑。

无灵主语

无灵主语

无灵主语无灵主语,一种英语语法结构。

英语里主语常用人称和非人称两种形式来表达。

用非人称主语表达时,往往注重“什么事发生在什么人身上”。

而汉语则较常用人称主语表达,侧重“什么人怎么样了”。

英语中非人称作主语的句子主要有两种类型:1,从有无生命角度划分,主语可区分为有灵主语(animate) 和无灵主语(inanimate) 两类。

无灵名词作主语,常翻译成各种状语,译成“由于……因此”,“因为……所以”,“在……之后”等等。

非人称主语句采用“无灵主语”(inanimate subject),表示抽象概念、心理感觉、事物名称或时间地点等,但谓语却常常使用“有灵动词”(animate verb)表示人或社会团体的动作和行为,如:see,desert,find,bring,witness,give,escape,surround,kill,deprive,serve,send,know,tell,permit,invite,take,drive,prevent…from等,这类句子往往带有拟人化(personification)的修辞色彩。

举几个例子: E.g. 1 Past experience has taught us that we should not depend on others for everything. E.g. 2 His name slips my mind. E.g. 3 A good idea suddenly strikes me. (I suddenly have a good idea!) E.g. 4 A strange peace came over her when she was alone.(She was peaceful when she was alone.) 2.用非人称代词“it”作主语。

E.g. 1 It never occurred to me that she was so dishonest.摘要:本文从英汉思维差异角度出发,探讨了无灵主语句和有灵主语句的定义、无灵主语句的类型以及各种类型无灵主语的译法,旨在帮助中国学生更好地理解和运用无灵主语句,提高其英语应用水平。

写作微技能——无灵主语的使用(学生版和教师版)

写作微技能——无灵主语的使用(学生版和教师版)

写作微技能训练——无灵主语的使用(学生版)I.概念无灵主语(inanimate subject),又叫做物称主语,指的是使用没有生命的事物充当句子的主语成分,例如物品、动作、情感、时间、地点、抽象名词等,这与中文表达中习惯“以人为本”的特点,即常常会把人这个行为主体作为句子主语的情况大相径庭,体现了英语语言所强调的客体思维。

II.类别1.使用时间、地点名词做主语,谓语动词用“witness”、“see”、“find” 来表达发生的事情。

①That chilly afternoon witnessed him trudging in the snow. 那个寒冷的下午,他在雪地里跋涉。

①Thus the gathering dark often finds me hastening home in a hurrying crowd. 于是,暮色渐浓时,我常常挤在匆忙的人群中匆匆回家。

① The recent two weeks witnessed our sincere communication in study, living, sports and art, etc. 两周以来,我们在学习、生活、体育以及文艺诸方面进行了真诚的交流。

① That period of time saw his great changes. 他在那段时间变化很大。

【牛刀小试】①最近几年里,随着中国经济的腾飞,中国文化也引起世界瞩目。

(2016年北京卷)Chinese culture attracting worldwide attention as well as China’s economy booming.①在重阳节那天,很多学生都会去敬老院陪伴老人。

(2015全国卷II)many teenagers stay with and care for the elderly on the Double Ninth Day.①In the past four years, our production has increased.______________________________________________________________________________________ ① At dusk, he was crying in the street.______________________________________________________________________________________ ①近十年来,青少年使用社交网站的人数呈爆炸式增长。

私家英语无灵主语句专练学案

私家英语无灵主语句专练学案

无灵主语练习-私家英语无灵主语句=无灵主语+有灵动词( 用主动语态表达被动意义)无灵主语:用无生命的事物做主语; 有灵动词:有生命的事物的动作和行为.我忘了他的名字了。

His name _______\________\_____________\__________________.一:无灵主语是表示时间和地点的名词,谓语动词常用“witness”、“see”、“find”。

1.上周日,我们进行了一次非同寻常的远足,让我们每个人都兴奋不已。

2.我们学校的音乐厅将举办春节联欢晚会(gala)以庆祝春节的到来.3.上周举办了“探索英语原创小说”活动,旨在引导学生进入英语文学的神奇旅程。

4.接下来的几天,我们目睹了这群人清除杂草,从空地上挖出大块的石头,并把它们拿走。

5.接下来的15分钟见证了我们精彩的表演,每个人都沉浸在表演中,我完全忘记了我的紧张。

6.这难忘的经历见证了我的成长,我知道,经过艰苦的努力和坚持,我的前途是光明的。

7.暮色渐浓,我常常在匆匆忙忙的人群中匆匆回家。

二:具有行为和动作意义的名词sight, thought, glance, look, idea, ...做无灵主语, 1.我突然有了一个好主意。

2.看到这么多老师,我心中满是紧张。

3.一看到闹钟,我就知道我迟到了。

4.想到他这次考试不及格,他就有了奋斗的力量。

三:使用抽象名词,自然现象,身体部位名词作无灵主语1.雨使得游客无法欣赏到满月。

2.笑声在房间里萦绕。

3.低云裹住山腰4.夜幕降临,黑暗笼罩着森林。

5.当她看到熟悉的字迹时,便热泪盈眶。

6.她一个人的时候,她总感觉有一种奇怪的平静. come over(感情)掌握住某人7.微风轻柔地亲吻着她的脸庞8.我会永远记住这次经历\教训。

9.深深的皱眉渐渐爬上我的脸.10.当我最终在所有观众面前展示自己时,语言无法表达我的兴奋和欣喜四:情感类名词或心理活动名词作无灵主语1.想到考试的失败,我很失望。

无灵主语句的翻译

无灵主语句的翻译

无灵主语句的翻译王宪生“无灵主语” (inanimate subject) 是指没有生命的物体作主语,尤其是抽象名词。

英语和汉语里都有无灵主语,但英语用的多,汉语用的少。

这一用法差异应该和中西文化的差异有关。

中国文化强调主客同构,西方文化强调主客对立。

汉语即便说到事物,也总要和人拉上关系,从人的立场上来说它。

英语即便说到人,甚至是说到自己,也往往会把他推到客体的位置,自己好像置身事外似的冷眼旁观。

所以,英语能用无灵主语就不用有灵主语,汉语正相反,能用有灵主语就不用无灵主语。

英语的无灵主语句可分为两类。

一类是纯粹描写事物,一点“人气”也没有。

另一类描写的是人,但偏不用人作主语,甚至把人“排挤”到很不重要的位置。

这里不说第一类,只说说第二类。

这一类的句子一般有两种翻译方法。

较常用的是将其转换为汉语的有灵主语句,另一种是仍然保留无灵主语。

用哪一种方法,只能视情况而定。

如果两种方法都能用,那就尽量转换成有灵主语句。

英语的无灵主语句看似简单,实际上想译得地道却不太容易。

另外顺便一提,我发现英语无灵主语句的掌握是中国学生的一个薄弱环节,多数人都用不好,主要是缺乏意识。

有的学生写记叙文只会用“I”、“He”、“They”等人称代词作主语,无灵主语句基本不会用,这样写出来的只能是披着英语外衣的汉语,离地道的英语差得远。

可以这么说,能否熟练使用英语的无灵主语句,是英语是否成熟的一个重要标志。

要译好无灵主语句,自己要首先掌握好无灵主语句。

自己都掌握不好,想译好是很困难的。

今天先出几个简单的句子。

例一:The boxer’s experience told in his favor.例二:The sight of the clock reminded me that I was late.例三:Jane’s kindly and gentle nature could not but revolt at her sister’s callous behavior.例四:His reading inspired him.例五:Fortune smiled on him.例六:Aimlessness and failure marked Hitler’s early life.例七:Childhood dearly loves a tale; for its simple heart finds the way out of a reality it does not understand by contriving a world of make-believe.A Research on the International Competitive Power of Transportation Service Exports from Guangdong ProvinceAbstract: Guangdong, as the largest import and export trading power in China, has seen further expansion in international trade in the 21st century, especially after China became a member country of WTO. Since the 90's of the last century, with the rapid development of information technology, transportation service exports has been flourishing globally. Guangdong, being one of the forerunners in Chinese economic reform, shows the state of affairs in the field of international transportation exports.Based on the analysis of development status of transportation service exports from Guangdong, of the necessity of tapping into transportation service exports, of the international competitive power and competitive edge of Guangdong in the field of transportation service exports, I putforward the strategy of improving the international competitive power of Guangdong in transportation service exports.Keywords: Guangdong Province, transportation service, service exports, international competitive power。

无灵主语句[整理版]

无灵主语句[整理版]

英语无灵主语句一.主语是情感状态的抽象名词谓语选择如:creep, strike, seize, dawn, catch, worm into, grip, enter, register, overcome, take possession of, surround, give way to, desert, pass, tear 等词。

1. Fear gripped the village. 整个村庄笼罩在恐怖之中。

2. Courage deserted him. 他没有了勇气。

3. His presence of mind deserted him. 他失去了沉着。

4. The earthquake struck the village two minutes ago.5. A new dignity crept into his steps. 他走起路来,不知不觉添了几分尊严。

6. Anxiety tore him into pieces. 他焦虑万分,肝肠寸断。

7. By now optimism had given way to doubt. 现在,乐观变成了怀疑。

8. Anger choked my words. 我气的说不出话。

9. Astonishment deprived me of my power of speech. 我惊讶得说不出话来。

10. Neither sorrow nor regret followed my passionate outburst.我这样发作一通之后,既不难过,也不后悔。

11. A chill of horror suddenly swept over him. 他突然感到不寒而栗。

12. Despair seized him at the thought of her setting out alone to renew theweary quest for work.想起她一个人出去重新登上找工作的艰辛路途,他觉得万念俱灰。

无灵主语句

无灵主语句

第二类公式:主语(身体部位/音容笑)+有灵动词+sb
(一)常见此类名词 face/eye/heart/fingers/tears/smile/voice/throat (二)常见有灵动词 fill 充满 stream流淌 interrupt打断linger 继续留存 (tears)spring up =well up 后买你不能直接加人或物 +in one’s eyes (tears) flood/sweep/wash over+sb Tears blurred one’s eyes./one’s eyes got misty ./One’s eyes mistied /dimmed with tears泪眼模糊 tears (roll down one’s eyes/cheeks/face)泪水落下 spread across 浮现 pale 苍白 pierce刺痛 (eyes)brim: v.(使)满,盛满 with tears (eyes) twinkle /sparkle(眼睛因高兴而)发亮;发光;闪耀 (face/eyes) brighten/light up /glow “面露喜色,露出饶有兴趣或喜出望外的神情” “因...颤抖“tremble /shiver/shake (with fear,panic,excitement,rage...)
3. Rome witnessed many great historic events. 罗马发生过许多重大历史事件。
4. The stadium has seen many exciting football matches. 在这体育场里举办过很多精彩的足球赛。
5. The town boasts a beautiful lake. 这个镇引以为荣的是有个美丽的湖。

汉语无灵主语句的理解及其英译

汉语无灵主语句的理解及其英译

汉语无灵主语句的理解及其英译
汉语无灵主语句是指没有主干动词做主语的句子,没有明确表示出句子主语时,句子主干和句子其他成分有某种关系才能让句子表达意思,故被称为无灵主语句。

无灵主语句可以分为两类:实语无灵主语句和状语无灵主语句。

实语无灵主语句是指在句子中没有主语出现,但宾语是句子的主干,可以将句子的表达意思联系起来的句子。

例如“冬天,穿棉袄”。

在此句中,穿棉袄是句子的主体,宾语,也是动词穿的宾语,因此可以把“穿棉袄”作为句子的主干,用来表达句子的主语,这样就可以把这句话称为实语无灵主语句。

状语无灵主语句是指在句子中没有主语出现,但是状语是句子的主干,可以将句子的表达意思联系起来的句子。

例如“晴天,一起去游泳”,这句话中,晴天是句子的状语,可以将句子的表达意思联系起来,这样就可以把这句话称为状语无灵主语句。

English Translation:
Chinese non-subjective sentences, are sentences without a main verb subject, when there is no clear indication of the subject in the sentence, the main clause and other components must form a certain relationship in order for the sentence to make sense, and thus, it is known as a non-subjective sentence.。

  1. 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
  2. 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
  3. 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。
7
A murderer

4, Douglas, a large man, aged forty-five. His height is about six feet two inches. He has thick silver-grey hair, which may be dyed; full grey beard, may now have been shaved off; light grey eyes, a large nose; strong white teeth, of which some are filled with gold; left thumbnail damaged by a heavy blow; armed and dangerous. .
6, 不同的人对退休持不同的态度。 (有灵主语)Different people have different attitudes toward retirement. (ESWIS) Attitudes towards retirement vary from person to person. 7, If you compare the two carefully, you can see the difference. ESWIS: A careful comparison of the two will show the difference. 8, As soon as I saw the river, I remembered my hometown. (ESWIS)The very sight of the river reminded me of my hometown. 由于不知道什么信息会有用,所以浏览网页时很难做正确选择。 9,(病句)Because not know what kind of knowledge will be useful in the future, so he can’t make a right choice when surfing the internet. (ESWIS) One’s inability to predict what kind of information will be useful in the future prevents him from making a right choice in surfing the internet. 3







3, 早点出发就能在中午到达。 (SP)If you start early, you will get there at noon. ESWIS: An early start will get you there at noon. 4, 我能吃苦,所以没有被 the boss did not dismiss me. ESWIS: My capacity for hard work saved me from the dismissal. 5, 人们看到的是一栋破旧房子,位于一条人去楼空的小 巷,景象很凄凉。 (SP)People see an old and isolated house. It is situated in a deserted lane. It looks dismal. ESWIS: The old and isolated house in a deserted lane 2 makes a dismal picture.
英语无灵主语句 English Sentences With Inanimate Subjects
1. 他有犯罪史,不能进央企。 (口语)He had committed crimes in the past and this made him unable to go to central enterprises. (ESWIS) His criminal record disqualified him from being admitted to central enterprises. 2.女孩们一看到那本宣传册子就高兴起来,这说明那是他 们难得遇到的好产品。 (SP)The young ladies are delighted when they saw the product catalog. This showed that it was a rare product. ESWIS: The delight of the young ladies at the sight of the catalog showed that it was a rarity. 1
9
A lighthouse keeper

6, The lighthouse keeper was a huge old man with a grizzled beard that came down to his chest. Slow, deliberate, bear-like, he moved around without wasted motion in the limited world of which he was the master. He spoke little, as if words had not much importance compared with the other forces that comprised his life. Yet he was equable, as those elements were not.
精彩人物描写
1 2 3
一般女性
帅气男孩
漂亮女孩
more
杀人犯;乞丐; 守灯塔老人;友善邻居。
4
An ordinary–looking girl

1, The police are looking for a black-haired girl with grey-green eyes. Her eyelashes and eyebrows are black like her hair. She is rather pale in complexion; her face is oval with some beauty spots. She is very slim, almost thin, and about five feet one inch tall. She has thin lips and a snub nose.
6
An attractive girl

3, She is an attractive young lady in her early 20s. She has an erect carriage and easy bearing, slim and very shapely. Her skin is fair and tender; her voice silky and sweet; her black eyes are bright and limpid like spring water, emitting intelligence and tenderness. Her long eyelashes are curly; her nose is elegant and her mouth is exquisite, lovely and delightful. She is a real beauty by all accounts.
8
A beggar

5, He was a wizard old man with a wrinkled face and a sad expression. Over his shoulders was thrown a rough brown coat, all torn and full of holes. His thick boots were old and patched; with one hand he leaned on a rough stick, and with the other he held out his battered hat for money.
10
A fine neighbor

7, By all accounts, he is friendly, cheerful, a fine neighbor who does his best to blend in, never flashy, never throwing his weight around, even though he knows well that he is the far most successful and richest man in the neighborhood.
11
Thank you!
12
5
handsome men

2, The Grounds are a handsome lot. They are all charming fellows, tall and well-built. Their clear-cut faces are attractive to both women and men, with large blue eyes, a straight nose and a magnetic voice. They are always in cheerful spirits, generous and kind to their friends.
相关文档
最新文档