现在完成时讲解及练习题含答案

时态讲解：现在完成时(1)构成：现在完成时由助动词have +过去分词构成，助动词have有人称和数的变化。

第三人称单数用has,其余用have.现在完成时的否定式直接在助动词后面加上n ot、疑问式是把助动词提到主语之前。

以study为例，其否定式、疑问式和简单回答形式如下：(2)用法：1)现在完成时通常表示在说话之前已经完成的动作或存在的状态。

说话人强调的是该动作或状态对现在的结果或影响。

My daughter has just go ne out. 我女儿刚出去。

I ' m sure we ' ve met be我肯定我们以前见过面。

She has arrived.她到了。

2)表示持续到现在的动作或状态，往往和包括现在在内的表示一段时间的状语连用，女口recently, already, just, lately, for …,s^hce^:…,yetI haven ' t heard from her these days.这些日子我没有收到她的信。

We haven ' t seen you recen tly.最近我们没有见到你。

They have bee n away for two years. 他们离开已经两年了。

She has bee n withus since Mon day.A 、八■,、、》;★注意：1) si nee和for的区别si nee 后接时间点，如1993, last term, yesterday, the time I got there 。

for 后接一段时间, 表示长达多久”，女口ten years, a while, two days 等。

Exercise:用since 禾口for 填空1.Jim has bee n in Irela nd ________ Mon day.three days.3.His aunt has lived in Australia __________ 15 days.bee n there _________ 7 o'clock.5. In dia has bee n an in depe ndent country ________ 1974. bee n wait ing ________ 20 minu tes. 2. Jill has bee n in Irela nd _________ 4. Mary is in her office. She has6. The bus is late. They'veThey have left only for 5 minu tes. x7.Nobody lives in those houses. They have bee n empty ___________ m any years. 8. Mikehas bee n ill ________ a long time. He has bee n in hospital ___________ O ctober.2)表示短暂意义的动词如arrive, leave, borrow, buy, begin, start, die等，在完成时当中不能和表示一段时间的状语连用，因为它们表示的动作不可能持续。

因此，不能说：He has come here for 2 weeks. x The old man has died for 4 mon ths. x 以上三句话可以改为：He has bee n here for 2 weeks. The old man has _____________________ for 4 mon ths. They have ________________ only for 5 minu tes.3)have (has) been 和have (has) gone 的区别：表示曾到过某地"要用“ have (has) been 表" 示已经去某地"要用“ have (has) gone。

试比较：Where has he bee n 他刚才到哪里去了(已经回来了) Where has he gone他上哪儿去了(人不在)They have been to Can ada.他们到过加拿大。

(现在已经不在加拿大)They have gone to Ca nada.他们到加拿大去了。

(可能在路上和已经到加拿大)4)现在完成时不能和表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday, last year, in 1976, two days ago, just now, when I came in，但可以禾口already, yet, sometimes, always, often, before, lately, recently, once, twice, ever, never 等连用。

例如：She has already come. 她已经来了。

I haven 'read it yet. 我还没读过这个。

I have met him before. 我从前曾见过他。

Ma Hong has always bee n a good stude nt. 马红一直是个好学生。

I have ofte n see n him in the street. 我经常在街上看见他。

They have never been to Yan 他彳们从未去过延安。

I have n't seen him lately. 我近来没看到他。

Irregular VerbsExercise:I. Fill in the bla nks with the proper form.I. 1 ___ a lready _______ (see) the film. I ____________ (see) it last week. ____ (fini sh) his work today Not yet.3. My father _____ just ______ (come) back from work. He is tired now. Ming He __________________(go) to the teacher' s office.5. I _______________ (work) here since I __________ (move) here in 1999. _____________________ (make) quite a few friends here.7. How long ___________ the Wangs _______________________ (stay) here For two weeks. __________ just _________________ (fin ish) my homework. 9. He _____________ (go) to school on foot every day. ________ (find) your scie nee book yet II.If it _____ (be) fine tomorrow, I'll go with you.stude nts _________________(read) En glish whe n the teacher came in. 13. Look! The mon key ______________ (climb) the tree. mother _____________ (come) to see me n ext Sun day.15. I've lost my pen. ______________ y ou _____________ (see) it any whereII. Choose the best an swer.A. comeB. gotC. arrivedD. bee n2. My gran dpa died ____________ .2. ________ h e4. Where ' s Li 6. So far I8. Iyou12. Theyou know Lydia very well--Yes, She and I __________ friends since we were very young.A. have madeB. have becomeC. have bee nD. have tur ned8. The Smiths in China for 8 years.A. has livedB. livedC. have bee nD. live9. --Hello, this is Mr. Green speak in g. Can I speak to Mr. Black--Sorry. He __________ the Bai niao Park.A. has bee n toB. has gone toC. went toD. will go to10. -- you ever to the US--Yes, twice.A. Have, goneB. Have, bee n C, Do, go D. were, goingIII.Rewrite the senten ces.1.1 have been to Macau before.（改为否定句）I ___________________________ bee n to Macau before.2.He hasn ' t come to schoeiause he was ill.（就划线部分提问）__________________ h e come to school3.I bough a new bike just now.（用just 改写）I ______ j ust _______ a new bike.4.We began to learn English three years ago.（改为同义句）We ____________ En glish _____ three years5.He has n ever surfed, _____________________ （改成反意疑问句）6.They have been here since 2000.（对划线部分提问）____________________ have they bee n here7.The old man _____________ last year. He has ________________________ for a year. （die）（动词填空）8.Miss Gao left an hour ago.（同义句转换）Miss Gao has ____________________________________ an hour ago.IV.Ask the questi ons1）I have bee n there for two days.__________________________________________ y ou _____________________ 2）My father has lived here since 2000.__________________________________________ y our father ______________ 3）He left here yesterday._______________________ he ______________________________4）They bought a book two hours ago._______________ they ______________ a bookV . Use “ never, ever, already, just, yet, for, since” to fill in the blanks.1. I have _________ seen him before, so I have no idea about him.2. Jack has _____________ fi n i s h e d his homework.3. Mr. Wang has taught in this school ____________ ten years.4. “ Have you __________ seen the film ” “ No, I have ___________ seen it.”5.“ Has the bus left _________ ”“ Yes, it has ____________ left.”现在完成时练习题及答案、用 since 和 for 填空yearsyears agomonth 4 o 'o c kl74 hours9. ___we were childrenlunch time12. He has lived in Nanjing ___ the year before last. 13. I ' vkenown him ___________ we were children. studied Japanese __________ three years.15. She has been away from the city ______________ about ten years. years _______________ s he left the city.三、结束性动词转换为以下延续性动词或者表示可以延续的状态的短语。