《经济学人》翻译学习参考
10英语阅读-经济学人《Economics》双语版-Ominous
经济学家》读译参考（第10篇）：禽流感——不祥之兆第10篇Feb 23rd 2006From The Economist print editionOminousFOR most of the past three years, the highly pathogenic bird fluk________①as H5N1 has been found mainly in Asia. Suddenly it has arrived in many countries in Europe, triggering widespread alarm. The detection of the virus in wild birds across Europe is certainly a cause for concern, particularly to Europe's poultry farmers▲, wh o are rightfully worried that the presence of the virus in wild birds will increase the risk to their flocks. However, in the m_________②of a European debate about the benefits of vaccinating chickens and whether or not poultry should be brought indoors, there is a danger that far more significant events elsewhere will be ★overlooked[1].In particular, most attention should be f________③on the fact that bird flu is now widespread in the poultry flocks of two nations in Africa—Egypt and Nigeria—and in India. And on the fact that, in Nigeria, the disease is continuing to spread despite great efforts undertaken by the government. An outbreak in Afghanistan also appears to be inevitable.Arguably, these matter much more than the (also inevitable) arrival of the disease in Europe▲. Poor countries with large rural populations are in a far weaker position to handle, and ★stamp out[2], outbreaks of bird flu in poultry, through both ★culling[3] and the prevention of the movement of animals in the surrounding areas. In Africa and India, chickens and ducks are far more likely to be found ★roaming[4] in people's backyards, where they can mingle with humans, other d________④ animals and wildlife, thus spreading the disease. In Europe, by c_______⑤, most poultry are kept in regulated commercial farms.The opening up of a new African front for the bird-flu virus▲ is a problem because eradication there will be tremendously difficult. There is a high risk that the disease will spread to other countries on the continent and it could easily become endemic—as it has in Asia. This offers the virus huge new scope to mutate▲ and become a disease that can pass between humans. The virus is certainly mutating—genetic changes have already affected its biological behaviour, although apparently not yet its transmission between humans. Experts are unsure as to how much, and what kind, of genetic changes would be required for the virus to become a globalhealth threat. N_____⑥ do they know how long this process might take. But to ★dwell o n[5] the increased risk of a pandemic of influenza is to miss a serious point about the direct risks posed by the loss of a large numbers of chickens and ducks across Africa. For some time, the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organisation has been warning that if avian flu gets out of c_______⑦ in Africa, it will have a devastating impact on the livelihoods of millions of people. Poultry is a vital source of protein. For example, it provides almost 50% of the protein in the diet of Egyptians. The spread of a disease that is highly lethal to poultry, and requires culling, could have a ★dire[6] nutritional impact, there as elsewhere▲. Africa would also have to contend with huge economic losses. People who ★scratch out[7] a living in poor African nations simply cannot a_______⑧to lose their chickens. Most of the world's poor live in rural areas and depend on agriculture. In Africa, rather a lot of these poor people depend heavily on their poultry. It is easy to see why some believe that bird flu could turn out to be primarily a development—rather than just a health—issue for the whole African continent.No game of chickenWhat can be done? It is clear that the movement and trade of poultry is making a big contribution to the spread of the virus. That trade needs tighter regulation, as does the movement of live birds from countries with H5N1 infections. In such places trade should be suspended u_______⑨ flocks have been cleaned up.In addition, Nigeria and surrounding countries need seriouspublic-education campaigns about the danger of contact with dead birds. When outbreaks o______⑩, governments should immediately offer realistic compensation to farmers for birds lost to disease and culling▲. Without this, poor farmers will be tempted to hide bird-flu outbreaks and continue to sell poultry that should be culled. Farming practices that mix poultry species in farms or live animal markets are a danger too, and must be addressed—although that might take longer. The effort would be helped if those in the poultry industry and governments in poultry-exporting nations would stop simply pointing to the risks posed by wild birds and start paying more attention to the movement of animals, products and people from infected to un-infected regions and countries.Unusually for a complex probl em with international ★ramifications[8], money is available to make a serious attempt at tackling it▲—$1.9 billion was pledged by the world's wealthier nations last month in Beijing. There is no excuse for delay, unless we want more dead people to followlots more dead ducks.☆★注释☆★[1]overlook vt.(1)俯瞰，俯视The house on the hill overlooks the village.从小山上的房子可以俯视村庄。
《经济学人》英中对照翻译版(考研英语必备)
来源于/wordpress/（The Economist《经济学人》中文版）和/（《The Economist》《经济学人》中文版）11月10, 2008[2008.11.08] 美国大选：无限期望America's election：Great expectationsNO ONE should doubt the magnitude of what Barack Obama achieved this week. When the president-elect was born, in 1961, many states, and not just in the South, had laws on their books that enforced segregation, banned mixed-race unions like that of his parents and restricted voting rights. This week America can claim more credibly that any other western country to have at last become politically colour-blind. Other milestones along the road to civil rights have been passed amid bitterness and bloodshed. This one was marked by joy, white as well as black (see article).相信无人质疑奥巴马于本周取胜的重要意义。
这位新总统出生于1961年，那时美国很多州的法律都要求强化种族分离、禁止像奥巴马父母那样的跨族通婚、限制选举权利；这些不仅限于南部地区，而出现在全国范围内。
经济学人两篇+翻译
Disney Star Wars, Disney and myth-makingHow one company came to master the business of storytellingFROM a galaxy far, far away to a cinema just down the road: “The Force Awakens”, the newest instalment of the Star Wars saga, is inescapable this Christmas. The first Star Wars title since Lucasfilm, the owner of the franchise, was acquired by Disney in 2012 for $4.1 billion, it represents more than just the revival of a beloved science-fiction series. It is the latest example of the way Disney has prospered over the past decade from a series of shrewd acquisitions (see article). Having bought Pixar, Marvel and Lucasfilm, Disney has skilfullycapitalised on their intellectual property—and in so doing, cemented its position as the market leader in the industrialisation of mythology. Its success rests on its mastery of the three elements of modern myth-making: tropes, technology and toys.From Homer to Han SoloStart with the tropes. Disney properties, which include everything from “Thor” to “Toy Story”, draw on well-worn devices of mythic structure to give their stories cultural resonance. Walt Disney himself had an intuitive grasp of the power of fables. George Lucas, the creator of Star Wars, is an avid student of the work of Joseph Campbell, an American comparative mythologist who outlined the “monomyth” structure in which a hero answers a call, is assisted by a mentor figure, voyages to another world, survives various trials and emerges triumphant. Bothfilm-makers merrily plundered ancient mythology and folklore. The Marvel universe goes even further, directly appropriating chunks of Greco-Roman and Norse mythology. (This makes Disney's enthusiasm for fierce enforcement of intellectual-property laws, and the seemingly perpetual extension of copyright, somewhat ironic.)The internal mechanics of myths may not have changed much over the ages, but the technology used to impart them certainly has. That highlights Disney's second area of expertise. In Homer's day, legends were passed on in the form of dactylic hexameters; modern myth-makers prefer computer graphics, special effects, 3D projection, surround sound and internet video distribution,among other things. When Disney bought Lucasfilm it did not just acquire the Star Wars franchise; it also gained Industrial Light & Magic, one of the best special-effects houses in the business, whose high-tech wizardry is as vital to Marvel's Avengers films as it is to the Star Wars epics. And when Disney was left behind by the shift to digital animation, it cannily revitalised its own film-making brand by buying Pixar, a firm as pioneering in its field as Walt Disney had been in hand-drawn animation. Moreover, modern myths come in multiple media formats. The Marvel and Star Wars fantasy universes are chronicled in interlocking films, television series, books, graphic novels and video games. Marvel's plans are mapped out until the mid-2020s.But these days myths are also expected to take physical form as toys, merchandise and theme-park rides. This is the third myth-making ingredient. Again, Walt Disney led the way, licensing Mickey Mouse and other characters starting in the 1930s, and opening the original Disneyland park in 1955. Mr Lucas took cinema-related merchandise into a new dimension, accepting a pay cut as director in return for all the merchandising rights to Star Wars—a deal that was to earn him billions. Those rights now belong to Disney, and it is making the most of them: sales of “The Force Awakens” merchandise, from toys to clothing, are expected to be worth up to $5 billion alone in the coming year. In all, more than $32 billion-worth of Star Wars merchandise has been sold since 1977, according to NPD Group, a market-research firm. Even Harry Potter and James Bond are scruffy-looking nerf-herders by comparison.Those other franchises are reminders that Disney's approach is not unique. Other studios are doing their best to imitate its approach. But Disney has some of the most valuable properties and exploits them to their fullest potential. It is particularly good at refreshing and repackaging its franchises to encourage adults to revisit their childhood favourites and, in the process, to introduce them to their own children. This was one reason why Pixar, whose films are known for their cross-generational appeal, was such a natural fit. Now the next generation is being introduced to Star Wars by their nostalgic parents. At the same time, Disney has extended its franchises by adding sub-brands that appeal to particular age groups: children's television series spun off from Star Wars, for example, or darker, more adult tales from the Marvel universe, such as the “Daredevil” and “Jessica Jones” series on.Do, or do not—there is no tryWhat explains the power of all this modern-day mythology? There is more to it than archetypal storytelling, clever technology and powerful marketing. In part, it may fill a void left by the decline of religion in a more secular world. But it also provides an expression for today's fears.T he original “Star Wars” film, in which a band of plucky rebels defeat a technological superpower, was a none-too-subtle inversion of the Vietnam war. The Marvel universe, originally a product of the cold-war era, has adapted well on screen to a post-9/11 world of surveillance and the conspiratorial mistrust of governments, large corporations and the power of technology. Inuncertain times, when governments and military might seem unable to keep people safe or stay honest, audiences take comfort in the idea of superheroes who ride to the rescue. Modern myths also have the power to unify people across generations, social groups and cultures, creating frameworks of shared references even as other forms of media consumption become ever more fragmented.Ultimately, however, these modern myths are so compelling because they tap primordial human urges—for refuge, redemption and harmony. In this respect they are like social-media platforms, which use technology to industrialise social interaction. Similarly, modern myth-making, reliant though it is on new tools and techniques, is really just pushing the same old buttons in stone-age brains. That is something that Walt Disney understood instinctively—and that the company he founded is now exploiting so proficiently.迪士尼星球大战,迪士尼和神话创造一个公司如何成为兜售故事的商业传奇从遥远的星际抵达你周边的电影院—《星球大战7：原力觉醒》这部星战系列的最新影片就在圣诞期间上映，不容错过。
经济学人中英文
考研英语外刊《经济学家》读译参考之五十六：新意－中国日益关注创新Something new新意(陈继龙编译)Aug 3rd 2006 | BEIJINGFrom The Economist print editionAFTER years of prospering as the world's workshop, China now wants to be its laboratory as well. “Innovation”has become a national buzzword[1], and Chinese leaders have been tossing it into their speeches since the beginning of the year, when President Hu Jintao started an ambitious campaign to drive China's economy further up the value chain. (1)True, new campaigns and catchphrases[2] are declared by the government and the Communist Party in China all the time, and mostly end up fizzling out[3] in puddles[4] of rhetoric. But there are signs that the government i_______①to back its innovation campaign with more than just words.中国作为“世界工场”，多年来发展蒸蒸日上，但现在它也希望成为“世界实验室”。
“创新”已经成为举国上下一个时髦词儿。
今年年初，胡锦涛主席启动了一项雄心勃勃的规划，旨在推动中国经济进一步与价值链接轨。
经济学人注解
TO EXTERMINATE1a living species by accident is normally frowned on2. To do so deliberately3might thus4seem an extraordinary5sin6. But if that species is Plasmodium falciparum7, the sin may be excused. This parasitic8organism9 causes the most deadly form of malaria10. Together with four cousins, it is responsible for about 450,000 deaths a year, and the ruination11of the lives of millions more people who survive the initial crisis12of disease. Besides the direct suffering this causes, the lost human potential is enormous. The Gates Foundation, an American charity, reckons 13that eradicating malaria would bring the world $2 trillion of benefits by 2040.Malaria is one of the worst examples of the damage that transmissible diseases can wreak14. But it is not alone. AIDS carries off15fit16, young adults by the millions and tuberculosis17by the hundreds of thousands. Measles, whooping cough and diarrhoea together kill over 1m children a year. Parasitic worms and mosquito-borne18viruses like dengue, though they take relatively few lives, debilitate19many.1to kill large numbers of people or animals of a particular type so that they no longer exist2frown on/upon somebody/somethingto disapprove of someone or something, especially someone's behaviour3done in a way that is intended or planned [= on purpose, intentionally]4as a result of something that you have just mentioned! In spoken English it is more usual to use so.•Most of the evidence was destroyed in the fire. Thus it would be almost impossible to prove him guilty.5very unusual or surprising6a sin something that you think is very wrong•There's so much lovely food here, it would be a sin to waste it.7恶性疟原虫8living in or on another plant or animal and getting food from them9an animal, plant, human, or any other living thing:•All living organisms have to adapt to changes in environmental conditions.10疟疾11a process in which someone or something is ruined, or the cause of this often used humorously12a time when a personal emotional problem or situation has reached its worst point13to guess a number or amount, without calculating it exactly•We reckon that sitting in traffic jams costs us around $9 billion a year in lost output.14wreak havoc/mayhem/destruction (on something) to cause a lot of damage or problems•These policies have wreaked havoc on the British economy.15take by force•Thieves carried off the farmer's sheep during the night．16（adjective）someone who is fit is strong and healthy, especially because they exercise regularly17肺结核18water-borne/sea-borne/air-borne etc carried by water, the sea, air etc: waterborne diseases19to make someone ill and weakCampaigns have brought1the toll2down heroically3. As recently as 2000, malaria killed around 850,000 people a year; likewise, since 2000 deaths from measles have fallen by 75%, to around 150,000. These successes are to be celebrated, but an even greater prize exists: to go beyond4controlling infections5and infestations6and instead instead to eradicate some of them completely, by exterminating the pathogens7and parasites8that cause them. That has been accomplished a couple of times in the past, for smallpox9(a human disease) and rinderpest (a cattle disease similar to measles). The end is reckoned to be close for polio (a virus that once killed and crippled millions) and dracunculiasis (a parasitic worm). But more must follow.SWAT team10Some diseases are not suitable for eradication because the organisms that cause them hang around in the environment, or have other animal hosts. Others, such as tuberculosis, can infect people “silently”, without causing symptoms, so are invisible to doctors. But sometimes the culprit11is a poverty of12ambition. A list of five plausible13targets—measles, mumps, rubella, filariasis and pork tapeworm—has hardly changed since the early 1990s, yet14measles, mumps and rubella are all the1bring down to make something move in a particular directionbring something up/down/round etc•Bring your arm up slowly until it's level with your shoulder.•The storm brought the old oak tree crashing down.2the number of people killed or injured in a particular accident, by a particular illness etc:•The death toll has risen to 83.•The bombings took a heavy toll, killing hundreds of Londoners.3heroic：on a heroic scale/of heroic proportions：very large or great4go beyond to be much better, worse, more serious etc than something else5a disease that affects a particular part of your body and is caused by bacteria or a virus6infest if insects, rats etc infest a place, there are a lot of them and they usually cause damage7病菌，病原体8a plant or animal that lives on or in another plant or animal and gets food from it9a serious disease that causes spots which leave marks on your skin10SW AT teamSpecial Weapons and Tactics teama specially trained group of police who deal with the most dangerous and violent situations11the reason for a particular problem or difficulty•High production costs are the main culprit.12poverty of：a lack of a particular quality13reasonable and likely to be true or successful14yet：used to introduce a fact, situation, or quality that is surprising after what you have just said•Kelly was a convicted criminal, yet many people admired him•She does not speak our language and yet she seems to understand what we say.subjects of intensive vaccination campaigns that could easily be converted into ones of eradication. And even though Swaziland is poised to1become the first malaria-free country in sub-Saharan Africa (see article), only a few dare to make explicit2the goal of ridding the planet of the disease. Hepatitis C should be made a target, too. It kills half a million a year, and affects rich and poor countries alike, yet new drugs against it are almost 100% effective and there are no silent carriers. Eradicating these seven diseases—the five, plus malaria and hepatitis C—would save a yearly total of 1.2m lives. It would transform countless more.People argue3that the cost of chasing down4the last few5cases6of a disease is not worth it. If the mass-vaccination campaigns under way can lower the incidence7of measles, mumps, rubella and so on in poor countries to something close to rich-world levels, the argument goes, that is surely good enough.Well, it isn’t. A disease can bounce back8. That is what malaria did in the 1960s, when political attention waned9, and the parasites that cause it evolved10resistance to drugs and the mosquitoes that spread it evolved resistance to insecticides11.Three big improvements underpin12the argument for throwing eradication’s net more widely. The first is better communications. The technology for locating and monitoring cases of disease in poor countries, even when few and far between13, has improved•an inexpensive yet effective solution to our problem1completely ready to do something or for something to happen, when it is likely to happen soonpoised to do something•Spain was poised to become the dominant power in Europe.2explicit make explicitexpressed in a way that is very clear and direct3argue：to state, giving clear reasons, that something is true, should be done etc4chase down：to find something or someone that you have been looking for5last few最后几个6case：an example of a disease or a person who has a disease7incidence：the number of times something happens, especially crime, disease etc8bounce back：to feel better quickly after being ill, or to become successful again after failing or having been defeated9wane：if something such as power, influence, or a feeling wanes, it becomes gradually less strong or less important 10evolve：if an animal or plant evolves, it changes gradually over a long period of time11insecticide：a chemical substance used for killing insects12underpin：to give strength or support to something and to help it succeed13few and far between：not happening very often or not existing in many placesimmeasurably in the past two decades with the spread of mobile phones and the internet, and the expansion of road networks.The second is better medical technology. The reason filariasis is on the “possibles” list, for example, is the invention of ivermectin, a drug that kills the worm which causes it. The inventors of this drug w on half of this year’s Nobel prize for medicine (see article). The other half was won by the woman who came up with1an answer to drug resistance resistance in malaria—a medicine called artemisinin, which has been crucial to the success of the recent push against the disease. (This time, alert to2the risk of resistance, resistance, doctors have formulated it with other drugs to create combination therapies3 that natural selection finds hard to get around4.)Even better technology is in the pipeline5. In the case of mosquito-borne illnesses such as malaria and dengue, genetic engineering promises6ways of making the insects resistant to the pathogens that they pass on to people, of crashing the mosquito population, and even of attacking insects and pathogens with genetically modified fungi and bacteria. Genetic engineering also promises a wide range of new vaccines.The third reason for seeking eradication is a change in political attitudes. The emergence of AIDS, in particular, made governments everywhere sit up7and take notice. Last year’s west African outbreak of Ebola only reinforced the message. Political attention leads to better medical infrastructure8. To deal with AIDS, new1come up with：to think of an idea, answer etc2alert to：be alert to somethingto know about or understand something, especially a possible danger or problem•The authorities should have been alert to the possibility of invasion.3therapy the treatment of an illness or injury over a fairly long period of time4get around：to avoid something that is difficult or causes problems for you•I think we should be able to get around most of these problems.•She was always very clever at getting around the rules.5be in the pipeline ：if a plan, idea, or event is in the pipeline, it is being prepared and it will happen or be completed soon•More job losses are in the pipeline.6promise：to tell someone that you will definitely do or provide something or that something will happen7sit up：sit up (and take notice) to suddenly start paying attention to someone, because they have done something surprising or impressive:8infrastructure：the basic systems and structures that a country or organization needs in order to work properly, for example roads, railways, banks etc:networks of clinics were created and staffed with trained personnel1. These can serve as2the backbone3of the campaigns that would be the starting-point for many extermination programmes.The Dalek doctrine4The list of candidates5for such programmes should be extended as and when 6circumstances change. The biggest prize might be AIDS itself. Smallpox, the first target for eradication, was picked in part7because the virus that caused it had only humans as hosts and could not survive independently for more than a few hours. It had, in other words, no hiding place. Both of these are true of HIV, the AIDS-causing virus. What is missing is the third ingredient8for smallpox: a reliable vaccine.Throughout history, humans and disease have waged9a deadly and never-ending war. Today the casualties are chiefly the world’s poorest people. But victory against some of the worst killers is at last within grasp10. Seize it.•Some countries lack a suitable economic infrastructure.•a $65 billion investment package in education, health care and infrastructure1personnel：the people who work in a company, organization, or military force2serve as：to be useful or helpful for a particular purpose or reason3backbone：the backbone of something the most important part of an organization or group of people:4The Dalek doctrine：宿敌主义，《宿敌》（Dalek）是英国科幻电视剧《神秘博士》系列1的第6集，在这集中，Dalek是主角博士的毕生对手。
经济学人最新中英对照
The Economist 《经济学人》常用词汇总结，太珍贵了！！1、绝对优势（Absolute advantage）如果一个国家用一单位资源生产的某种产品比另一个国家多，那么，这个国家在这种产品的生产上与另一国相比就具有绝对优势。
2、逆向选择（Adverse choice）在此状况下，保险公司发现它们的客户中有太大的一部分来自高风险群体。
3、选择成本（Alternative cost）如果以最好的另一种方式使用的某种资源，它所能生产的价值就是选择成本，也可以称之为机会成本。
4、需求的弧弹性（Arc elasticity of demand）如果P1和Q1分别是价格和需求量的初始值，P2 和Q2 为第二组值，那么，弧弹性就等于-（Q1-Q2）（P1＋P2）/（P1-P2）（Q1＋Q2）5、非对称的信息（Asymmetric information）在某些市场中，每个参与者拥有的信息并不相同。
例如，在旧车市场上，有关旧车质量的信息，卖者通常要比潜在的买者知道得多。
6、平均成本（Average cost）平均成本是总成本除以产量。
也称为平均总成本。
7、平均固定成本( Average fixed cost）平均固定成本是总固定成本除以产量。
8、平均产品（Average product）平均产品是总产量除以投入品的数量。
9、平均可变成本（Average variable cost）平均可变成本是总可变成本除以产量。
10、投资的β(Beta）β度量的是与投资相联的不可分散的风险。
对于一种股票而言，它表示所有现行股票的收益发生变化时，一种股票的收益会如何敏感地变化。
11、债券收益(Bond yield）债券收益是债券所获得的利率。
12、收支平衡图（Break－even chart）收支平衡图表示一种产品所出售的总数量改变时总收益和总成本是如何变化的。
收支平衡点是为避免损失而必须卖出的最小数量。
13、预算线(Budget line）预算线表示消费者所能购买的商品X和商品Y的数量的全部组合。
英语学习《经济学人》中英对照
从太空采集太阳能Solar power from space,Beam it down 从太空采集太阳能,传送电力到地球吧Harvesting solar power in space, for use on Earth, comes a step closer to reality将太空收获的太阳电能在地球上利用，这种理想又向现实迈出了一大步。
THE idea of collecting solar energy in space and beaming it to Earth has been around for at least 70 years. In "Reason", a short story by Isaac Asimov that was published in 1941, a space station transmits energy collected from the sun to various planets using microwave beams.从太空中收集太阳能并将其传送到地球的想法已经存在了至少70年。
艾萨克·阿西莫夫(Isaac Asimov )在1941年出版的短篇小说Reason中曾设想利用微波束将空间站收集到的太阳能传送到各类行星上。
The advantage of intercepting sunlight in space, instead of letting it find its own way through the atmosphere, is that so much gets absorbed by the air. By converting it to the right frequency first (one of the so-called windows in the atmosphere, in which little energy is absorbed) a space-based collector could, enthusiasts claim, yield on average five times as much power as one located on the ground.从太空直接截获太阳光而不任由它们穿过大气层的优点是大部分光能量不会被大气吸收。
经济学人中英对照23
It is a remarkable exhibit of revolutionary kitsch. The museum is new, inaugurated on September 28th 2007. Yet on a recent Saturday afternoon it was empty; not one person among the throngs of Cubans and tourists strolling down Calle Obispo felt inspired to cross its threshold. With the mixture of friendly warmth and necessary opportunism that characterises Cubans nowadays, one of the bored women attendants was soon asking your correspondent's wife if she could spare a packet of antacids (“medicines are very scarce”).
布告上广告着古巴革命防御各级委员会(CDRs)的博物馆，这些委员会是由菲德尔?卡斯特罗在1960年建立起来的社区团体，以作为他的革命的基层组织。建立广告的目的在于安排各项社会服务，并告知新近建立起的共产主义路线的异己省份或反叛省份。博物馆里摆设着一些陈列革命大事记的玻璃橱柜。在博物馆的室内的墙上贴着一些用放大的字体摘录的卡斯特罗演讲，并且还有一张显示革命防御各级委员会的成员加入趋势的图表。2007年，这些委员会的成员增加到了 840万古巴人，而全国总人数仅有1100万。博物馆内一楼有一处显眼的物品，那就是一条用石膏制作而成的一些几何模型，其中包括了一条具有古巴特色的街道，一些前门有着希腊复古风格石柱的房屋…，以及一些依次以显眼的粉色、黄绿色、牙膏蓝、桃色与柠檬色粉刷的各个房屋的正面。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
Building mosques
建造清真寺
Answering the call
褒贬不一，议论纷纷
Despite opposition, the number of mosques in America is increasing
尽管反对声此起彼伏，清真寺却在美国建的如火如荼
Mar 10th 2012 | WASHINGTON, DC | from the print edition
We all need buildings to help us along
IN EARLY 2010 opponents of a proposed mosque in Murfreesboro, Tennessee, spray-painted “NOT WELCOME” on a sign announci ng the new building. Simple-minded vandalism, perhaps; but their scrawl captured the feelings of an increasingly noisy segment of America’s population. In the months that followed, nasty disputes erupted over planned mosques in Wisconsin, California and New York. Some suggested that Islam did not deserve protection under the first amendment, which guarantees freedom of religion as well as speech.
2010年初，反对者们在这所新的建筑物上用漆喷出“离开这里”的标语来抗议已在田纳西州默夫里斯伯勒城市提议建造的一所清真寺。
这或许就是纯粹的破坏公物，可是这歪歪扭扭的喷漆字样正中一群躁动喧嚣的美国市民的下怀。
随后的几个月里，事先计划的清真寺引发了恶劣争论在威斯康辛，加利福尼亚和纽约三州频频爆发。
一些美国市民表示伊斯兰教没有资格接受宪法第一修正案来保证其宗教自由和言论自由。
Yet these mosque projects and others continue. Since the terrorist attacks of September 2001 Islam in America has flourished. The number of mosques has nearly doubled over the past decade, rising from 1,209 in 2000 to 2,106 in 2011, according to a new report from a multi-faith coalition.
然而这些清真寺建筑工程一波未平一波又起。
自2001年9月份恐怖袭击以来，伊斯兰教在美国发展一日千里。
据一个多信仰联合会的最新报道，十年来，清真寺的数量接近翻倍，从2000年的1209所直逼2011年2106所。
Several factors explain the building boom, says Ihsan Bagby of the University of Kentucky and the report’s main author. The growing size of America’s Muslim population has created a need for more mosques, partly as a reflection of the religion’s growing diversity. Muslims are also increasingly mov ing away from the cities, where most mosques are sited. The proportion of mosques in the suburbs has grown from 16% of the total in 2000 to 28% in 2011.
报道的主要作者，肯塔基大学的伊赫桑•巴格比声称，致使清真寺发展迅猛的因素有很多。
首先，美国穆斯林人口的增长
意味着需要建造更多的清真寺，在一定程度上这也反映了宗教文化多元结构不断丰富。
还有，穆罕默德信徒也正在不断从城市中迁离，而城市是大多清真寺的驻地。
最后，市郊清真寺数量的比例从2000年的16%跃升到2011年的28%。
These findings will probably further rouse those who are worried that radical Islam will take root in America. But the report suggests such worries are misplaced. Nearly 90% of mosque leaders say they have seen no increase in radicalism among young Muslims. And most also say that they take a flexible approach to Islam rather than strictly interpreting its texts.
有一些人一直对激进的伊斯兰教会在美国落地生根耿耿于怀，而这些发现或许会进一步让那些人忐忑不安。
然而，报道显示这类担忧毫无必要。
近90%的清真寺领袖表示他们没有在青年教徒中发现激进主义滋生的迹象，并且多数人也表明他们对伊斯兰教的态度能伸能缩，而不是苛刻地望文生义。
Other findings back up an earlier report from the Pew Research Centre, which showed that most Muslim Americans have assimilated. Nearly all mosque leaders agree that Muslims should be involved in American institutions and should take part in American politics. They even seem unfazed by the scrutiny of a suspicious government (see article). Only a quarter say they believe American society is hostile to Islam, well down from 54% in 2000.
其它调查结果也支持了皮尤调查中心的早期报道，显示出大多信奉伊斯兰教的美国人已经同化。
近乎所有清真寺领袖都赞同穆罕默德信徒应该参与到美国制度体系中，去参政议政。
政府对此怀疑，进行了严格的调研，领袖们却安之若素（见文章）。
仅25%的人认为美国社会对伊斯兰教不怀好意，与2000年的54%比，呈明显下降。
As with other religions in America, the main challenge facing Islam is not radicalism, but secularisation. The good news for mosque leaders is that there is a growing pool of prospective worshippers. The numbers in the report, if accurate, cast d oubt on previous estimates, which have put America’s Muslim population at between 1m and 3m. Mr Bagby thinks the number is closer to 7m. Enthusiasts for America’s diversity will be pleased to hear that. Others, unfortunately, will be alarmed.
相对于美国其它宗教，伊斯兰教所面临的主要问题不是激进主义，而是宗教的世俗化。
未来日益见长的教徒人数，对清真寺领袖来说不外乎是个福音。
先前的估计美国穆罕默德信徒的人口已介于100万到300万人之间，如果报道中的人数准
确，这便让人对先前估计疑团满腹。
巴格比先生认为人数会接近700万。
听到这个消息，美国多元社会的拥护者会怡然自乐。
很不幸，这会让其他人诚惶诚恐。
from the print edition | United States。