【小站教育】托福备考 写作高频同义词替换

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雅思托福替换词大全

雅思托福替换词大全

雅思托福替换词大全雅思和托福考试是世界上最受欢迎的英语语言能力考试之一。

在阅读和写作部分,考生经常需要使用替换词来提高语言的表达能力和丰富词汇量。

本文将为大家提供一份雅思托福替换词大全,帮助大家在考试中提高得分。

一、替换人称代词和名词1. he/she → the individual2. I → the writer/author3. you → the reader4. people → individuals/persons5. students → learners6. teachers → educators7. children → youngsters8. parents → guardians9. workers → employees10. government → authorities二、替换动词1. show → indicate/reveal2. say → mention/state3. think → believe/consider4. give → provide5. use → utilize6. help → assist7. make → create8. understand → comprehend9. improve → enhance10. learn → acquire三、替换形容词和副词1. good → excellent/outstanding2. bad → terrible/horrible3. important → significant4. interesting → fascinating5. difficult → challenging6. easy → simple7. big → substantial8. small → tiny9. beautiful → gorgeous10. quickly → rapidly四、替换连词和副词1. however → nevertheless/nonetheless2. because → due to/owing to3. but → yet/however4. and → in addition/furthermore5. so → therefore/consequently6. also → m oreover7. firstly/secondly → first/second8. then → next9. finally → lastly10. for example → for instance五、替换名词短语1. a lot of → a great deal of2. in conclusion → in summary3. in my opinion → from my perspective4. a long time ago → in the past5. a large number of → numerous6. on the other hand → conversely7. as a result → consequently8. at the present time → currently9. due to the fact → because10. in order to → to六、替换句型1. It is believed that → It is widely accepted that2. It is said that → According to3. In conclusion → To sum up4. It can be seen that → It is evident that5. It is clear that → There is no doubt that6. It is important to note that → It should be emphasized that7. It is necessary to → It is crucial to8. It is commonly tho ught that → It is generally acknowledged that9. It is worth mentioning that → It is worth noting that10. It is true that → Undoubtedly以上是一份雅思托福替换词大全,考生们可以根据自己的需要来选择适合的词汇替换。

托福写作词汇千篇一律同义替换帮你抓住考官眼球

托福写作词汇千篇一律同义替换帮你抓住考官眼球

托福写作词汇千篇一律同义替换帮你抓住考官眼球托福考试中,很多考生都对写作这个环节没什么自信,主要是写出的词汇都是差不多一样的,今天一起来掌握一些写作中常用但不是“烂大街”的词组短语吧,换一种表达方式,为你的文章锦上添花。

托福写作词汇1. 因为常用:because/because of推荐:on account of例句:The flight was postponed on account of bad weather.2. 就我而言常用:in my opimion推荐:as far as I am concerned例句:As far as I am concerned, the advantages mentioned above exceed thedisadvantages.3. 另一方面常用:on the other hand推荐:from another perspective例句:Viewed from another perspective, tuberculosis(结核病) has again placed the world in aprecarious(危险的) situation.4. 代替常用:replace推荐:take the place of例句:I always remember his words: Nothing in the world can take the place ofpersistence!5. 总而言之常用:in a word推荐:in summary例句:In summary, neither approach is going to be best for all applications.另外再给大家几个常用的词组/短语,大家可以在日常练习中运用起来,玩转你的托福写作:1.完全不同的观点 a totally different argument2.正如谚语所说 As the proverb goes:3.考虑到诸多因素take many factors into account/ consideration4.可靠的信息源 a reliable source of information5.在人类生活的方方面面 in all aspects of human life6.采取有效措施来… take effective measures to do sth.7.把时间和精力放在…上focus time and energy on…8.毫无疑问There is no doubt that…。

10个托福写作常用表达和词汇的替代词汇总

10个托福写作常用表达和词汇的替代词汇总

10个托福写作常用表达和词汇的替代词汇总10个托福写作常用表达和词汇的替代词汇总一览1. The fact is that…替换词:The reality is that…例句:The reality is that this will be hard, if not impossible, to achieve.2. joy替换词:happiness/ delight/ enjoyment例句:Only those who love their work can get inside the delight in work.3. sadness替换词:sorrow/ grief(程度逐渐加深)例句:Tears are signs of gladness as well as of grief.4. danger替换词:hazard/ peril (后面这个词语气很强,危险程度非同一般) [派生] dangerous;hazardous例句:A new report suggests that chewing gum may be a health hazard.例句:They were in peril of death from hunger.5. advertisement/ advertising如果你写过关于广告的题目,就一定体会过不停轮换使用advertisement/ advertising有多郁闷。

其实主体段论证中完全可以把广告类细化,比如:commercials(电视或者互联网上的广告)flyers(传单广告)billboards(大幅的广告牌)non-profit advertisements/public-interest advertisements (公益广告)例句:The TV show was interrupted by too manycommercials.6. car替换词:automobile例句:The great number of automobile accidents emphasizes the need for careful driving.7. famous people替换词:celebrities (单数为celebrity)例句:There is nothing worse than suddenly becoming yesterday's celebrity.8. human beings(被考生使用过多)替换词:humanity(注意这个词的单数指人类,复数指人文学科)/the human race例句:They face charges of committing crimes against humanity.9. wealth替换词:wealthy/ affluent (adj.)fortune(s) (指一大笔钱。

托福写作常用词汇替换总结

托福写作常用词汇替换总结

1托福写作常用词汇替换总结托福写作常用词汇一般都比较简单,很难提升托福作文的成绩,所以,整理了超实用的托福写作常用词汇替换词,帮您从最基础的地方提高作文水平,增加得分亮点能,会,可以:can, (would be able to, have the chance/opportunity to do.., get to do应该:should, be supposed to, shall, have to, must, be required to, it is necessary for sb to上升,增加:(vi.increase, go up, rise, (vt. increase, raise (n. growth, rise, increase.下降,减少/小:(vt. decrease, reduce, lower (vi. decrease, fall, drop, go/come dow n, decline. (n. fall, decrease, decline, drop变:change, alter, become (different/big/small/.., get, grow知道,了解,意识到:know, be aware/concious of, realize, get information about证实,表明:show, suggest, indicate, make it clear that很大程度上,基本上:greatly, considerably, enormously, significantly, basically提高,变好:improve, make better, enhance采取(措施:adopt, take提出(政策:propose, offer废除:eliminate, get rid of, do way with, dispense with提供:provide, offer, give任务:assignment, job, work, task有用,帮助:beneficial, helpful, useful, be a great help to, do good to, bring benefit to, be good for 方法:way, approach, strategy, method观点:idea, belief, view, opinion影响:affect(vt., influence(vt., have influence/effect/impact on(被允许:allow, permit, can, may, be free to do恢复,复原:restore, recover, bring back4阻止:prevent, stop, keep (sth/sb from doing sth花费:spend, take, cost, put in, make effort参加:join, take part in, participate in, engage in, get involved in, attend, be a part of调整,调节:adjust, regulate, control产生,创造:create, produce, make, generate, bring about, form表现,显现出:show, display, demonstrate, represent1 a;确保:ensure, guarantee, assure (of, promise最后:in the end, eventually, at last, finally:行为方式,做法:act, practice建议:suggest, say should, advise, recommend决定:decide, choose, make up one's mind.查明:find out, discover, figure out导致,引起:cause, result in, lead to, bring about, contribute to限制:limit, restrict, confine, put a limit on正在做,努力:work on延期相关:more time, extra time, extension, later deadline; put off, postpone, put back to, delay, (until因素:cause, factor, reason合适:fit, suit, be suitable/fit/right需要:require, need, it is necessary for..to..,demand不变:fixed, constant, stable, unchanged (unchanging担心:worry about, be concerned about, care about解决:solve/resolve, address, deal with, work out, tackle解释:tell, explain, spell out, say how以上就是托福写作常用词汇的替换词,大家可以根据自己的写作习惯,选择一个最合适的高分词汇重点训练。

托福写作高分就靠它-常用替换词总结

托福写作高分就靠它-常用替换词总结

托福写作高分就靠它-常用替换词总结2016年托福写作高分就靠它-常用替换词总结托福写作—超实用托福写作常用替换词能,会,可以:can, (would) be able to, have thechance/opportunity to do.., get to do应该:should, be supposed to, shall, have to, must,be required to, it is necessary for sb to上升,增加:(vi.)increase, go up, rise, (vt.) increase,raise (n.) growth, rise, increase.下降,减少/小:(vt.) decrease, reduce, lower (vi.) decrease,fall, drop, go/come down, decline. (n.) fall, decrease, decline, drop 变:change, alter, become(different/big/small/..), get, grow 知道,了解,意识到:know, be aware/concious of, realize, getinformation about证实,表明:show, suggest, indicate, make it clear that很大程度上,基本上:greatly, considerably, enormously,significantly, basically版主为大家提供了好用的替换词,之前用的`太频繁的词汇终于可以替换啦!托福写作常用词汇一般都比较简单,很难提升托福作文的成绩,用些“高级词”顺利25+!【2016年托福写作高分就靠它-常用替换词总结】。

托福写作同义替换(必背)

托福写作同义替换(必背)

交友沟通1. 接触expose oneself to2. 增强家庭凝聚力strengthen family cohesion3. 削弱家庭纽带erode family bonds4. 维护上下级/同事/客户关系maintain the relation between the superior andthe subordinate/among colleagues/between clients and thecompany5. 足够合群来面对各种复杂环境become gregarious enough to face various complexcircumstances6. 轻松随意的交谈casual communication/conversations/chats7. 志同道合的朋友like-minded/congenial friends8. 建立和保持良好的人际关系build and maintain healthy relationships among people9. 倾诉烦恼confide annoyances10. 扩大或建立社交圈enlarge/build up/establish interpersonal networks/thesocial circle知识经历1.传授/获取知识技能impart/acquire knowledge and skills2.独立思考critical thinking3.理论和实践相结合integrate theory and practice4.从不同的角度观察世界observe the world from different angles5.动人的历史故事appealing historical stories6.有趣的文化风俗intriguing cultural customs7.一个见多识广的人 a well-informed person/a man of profound and immenselearning8.避免成为一个无知肤浅的人avoid being an ignorant and shallow person9.提升综合能力promote one’s overall/comprehensive competence10.扩大知识面broaden one’s knowledge base/enlarge one’s scope of11.熟练掌握be well-acquainted with/be profound in健康解压1.增强某人的灵活性、耐力、协调性solidify/strengthen one’s flexibility/endurance/coordination2.生理健康physical health3.心理健康psychological well-being4.削弱视力weaken/impair eyesight5.有先进设施的大医院major hospitals with the advanced facilities6.充足的药品the sufficient medicine7.身心的自我放松physical and mental self-release8.缓解心理紧张smooth one’s mental intension9.从日常生活中解脱出来get away from the daily grind10.重新获得有活力的精神面貌regain vigorous mentality11.增强免疫力boost one’s immune system/immunity兴趣潜能1.培养高雅的品味cultivate exquisite tastes2.培养创造力nurture a sense of creativity3.展现某人的性格特征和兴趣爱好present/display one’s characteristics and interests4.锻炼坚韧的忍耐力cultivate tough endurance5.无比多的娱乐活动 a nonpareil variety of recreational activities6.与自然接触的纯粹享受 a sheer pleasure of a closeness to nature7.活在当下,及时行乐live in the moment and seize the day8.挖掘某人的潜能tap into the potential of somebody9.为我们的日常生活增添了不少情调add much spice/flavor to our daily life10.劳逸结合strike a proper balance between work and leisure工作升职1.各行各业all walks of life2.校园招聘会campus recruitment/on-campus job fair3.责任感sense of responsibility4.事业心entrepreneur spirit5.讨上司欢心be in the good graces of the boss/win the favor of the boss6.升职机会/就业前景promotion opportunity/career prospect7.加强竞争优势consolidate competitive edge8.为就业辉煌奠定基础lay the foundations for career prosperity9.提高效率boost/augment/enhance efficiency10.完成艰巨的任务complete an arduous project效率合作1.融入团体blend in with the group2.团结一致be united and be concentrating (their) efforts on3.虚心接受他人建议/指正take other’s suggestions/criticisms with an open mind4.发挥自身优势give full play to one’s advantages5.合理规划时间plan out a reasonable schedule6.整合多方资源integrate various resources7.为了方便和有效for the sake of convenience and effectiveness8.促进协调facilitate coordination9.优势互补have complementary advantages/make respectiveadvantages complementary to each other10.顺畅有效的合作smooth and effective collaboration褒义1.有力地推动give a big push to2.作为一个有效的跳板serve as an effective springboard for3.提高……的可能性enhance the likelihood of/that4.值得去做it is worthwhile to do5.……是……的好手段is a good vehicle for6.使某人具有做……的能力equip sb. with (the ability of)7.为……做准备(铺路)pave the way to8.作为一种有效手段serve as an effective approach to (doing) sth.9.怎么说……的重要性也不为过it is hard to overstate the significance of10.使某人处于有优势的位置put sb. in a favorable position in doing sth.贬义1. 归因于……(一般为负面情况) A can be ascribed/attributed to B2. 把……等同于……是错误的it is impolitic to equate A with B3. 对……有负面影响exert a detrimental influence upon/have an adverse effect on4. 越来越糟go from bad to worse5. 对……造成极大威胁pose a great threat to6. 与……背道而驰run contrary to7. 与……不协调、不一致be incompatible with8. 与……无关/对……毫无影响have little bearing on9. 剥夺了某人……的机会/权利deprive sb. of the chances/rights to10. 在某方面施加限制impose restriction on环境1.付出协调一致的努力put joint/concerted effort on2.污染有限的自然资源contaminate finite natural resources3.增强公众的……意识elevate the public awareness of4.采取严厉的措施apply/adopt/implement harsh measures5.温室效应greenhouse effect/global warming6.谴责而不是纵容condemn rather than condone7.生态失衡disruption of ecological balance8.减轻空气污染lessen/abate/alleviate air pollution9.可持续发展sustainable development10.气候异常climate anomaly科技1.彻底改变人们的生活entirely reshape individuals’ lives2.扼杀/激发创造力stifle/stimulate creativity3.提高……的便利性increase the convenience/facilitation of4.加速生活节奏speed up the tempo of life5.运用电子技术utilize electronic technology6.过多的选择 a plethora of choices7.融合最新科技incorporate the latest technology8.技术创新及发展technological innovation and progressions9.互联网的广泛使用the extensive use/proliferation of the Internet10.尖端的技术cutting-edge technology经济1.改善就业前景improve the employment prospect2.完善公共交通设施complete public transit system3.阻碍/促进……的发展impede/further the development of4.把成功归因于经济发展attribute the success to the economic development5.优化财政资源optimize the financial resources6.谋求巨大利润seek excessive profits7.就业压力的缓解 a great relief to the high unemployment8.增强自给自足能力intensify one’s self-sufficiency9.吸引外商投资attract foreign investment10.缩小贫富差距narrow the gap between the rich and the poor教育1.学生的反馈students’ feedback/input2.以学生为中心的教育体系student-centered educational system3.发人深省的说教thought-provoking criticism4.促进学生身心发展promote students’ physical, intellectual and emotional development5.灌输高尚的价值观instill high moral values6.鼓励学生用辩证的眼光看问题encourage students to think critically7.雄厚的师资力量solid teaching force8.改良教育手段ameliorate educational method9.鼓励/培养独立思考encourage/foster independent thinking10.精心编写教材compile textbooks with great care逻辑连接词1.因果Because, for, because of, thanks to, as a result of, accordingly, for this reason2.递进In addition, furthermore, next, besides, moreover, what’s more, also3.强调Certainly, above all, indeed, surely, actually, as a matter of fact, especially, primarily, in particular, undoubtedly, more importantly, more specifically4.总结To sum up, in conclusion, in a word, in short, in brief, all in all, to put it in a nutshell, in summary, given these facts/reasons。

托福雅思四级六级考研英语作文替换高级词汇汇总

托福雅思四级六级考研英语作文替换高级词汇汇总

托福雅思四级六级考研英语作文替换高级词汇汇总1.important =crucial(extremely important), significant(amount or effect largeenough to be important)mon=universal, ubiquitous(if something is ubiquitous, it seems to beeverywhere)3.abundant=ample(enough and usually extra), plentiful(enough for people's needsand wants)4.stick=adhere, cling(hold on something tightly)5.neglect=ignore. (difference: neglect means someone has not paid enoughattention to something; ignore means no attention.)6.near=adjacent(two things next to each other), adjoin(the same as adjacent)7.pursue=woo(man woos woman, old-fashioned), seek(if you seek sth, you try toobtain it. FORMAL)8.accurate=precise(precise is exact and accurate in all details), exact(correct inevery detail)9.vague=obscure(unknown or known by only a few people)10.top=peak, summitpetitor=rival, opponent(especially in sports and politics)12.blame=condemn(if you condemn something, you say it is very bad andunacceptable)13.opinion=perspective, standpoint(means looking at an event or situation in aparticular way)14.fame=prestige(describe those who are admired), reputation15.build=erect(you can erect something as buildings, FORMAL), establish16.insult=humiliate(do something or say something which makes people feelashamed or stupid)plain=grumble (complain something in a bad-tempered way)18.primary=radical (very important and great in degree), fundamental19.relieve=alleviate (alleviate means you make pain or sufferings less intense orsevere)20.force=coerces into(coerce means you make someone do something s/he doesnot want to), compel21.enlarge=magnify(magnify means make something larger than it really is)plex=intricate(if something is intricate, it often has many small parts anddetails)23.Lonely=solitary (if someone is solitary, there is no one near him/her )24.small=minuscule(very small), minute,25.praise=extol(stronger than praise), compliment(polite and political)26.hard-working=assiduous(someone who is assiduous works hard or does thingsvery thoroughly27.difficult=arduous (if something is arduous, it is difficult and tiring, and involves alot of efforts)28.poor(soil)=barren, infertile(used to describe the soil is so poor that plants cannotbe planted on it)29.fragile=brittle, vulnerable(someone who is vulnerable is easily hurt emotionallyor physically)30.show=demonstrate (to demonstrate a fact means tp make it clear to people.)31.big=massive(large in size, quantity, or extent), colossal(use this word, youemphasize something’s large), tremendous(INFORMAL)32.avoid=shun(if someone shuns something, she/he deliberately avoid thatsomething or keep away from it.)33.fair=impartial(someone who is impartial is able to give a fair opinion or decisionon something.)34.attack=assault (physically attack someone), assail (attack violently)35.dislike=abhor(abhor means you hate something to a extreme extent for moralreasons), loathe(dislike very much)36.ruin=devastate (it means damage something very badly, or utterly destroy it.)37.always=invariably(the same as always, but better than always)38.forever=perpetual(a perpetual state never changes), immutable(somethingimmutable will never change or be changed)39.surprise=startle(it means surprise you slightly), astound(surprise you to a largedegree), astonish(the same as astound)40.enthusiasm=zeal (a great enthusiasm), fervency (sincere and enthusiasm)41.quiet=tranquil(calm and peaceful), serene(calm and quiet)42.expensive=exorbitant(it means too expensive that it should be)43.luxurious=lavish(impressive and very expensive), sumptuous(grand and veryexpensive44.boring=tedious(if you describe something tedious, you mean it is boring andfrustrating)45.respect=esteem(if you esteem someone, you respect and admire him/her.FORMAL)46.worry=fret(if you fret about something, you worry about it)47.cold=chilly(unpleasantly cold), icy(extremely cold)48.hot=boiling(very hot)49.dangerous=perilous(very dangerous, hazardous(dangerous, especially topeople's safety and health)50.nowadays=currently51.only=unique(the only one of its kind), distinctive;52.stop=cease(if something ceases, it stops happening or existing)53.part=component(the components of something are the parts that it is made of)54.result=consequence(the results or effects of something)55.obvious=apparent, manifest56.Based on=derived from, can see or notice them very easily)57.quite=fairly58.pathetic=lamentable(very uncomfortable and disappointing)59.field=domain(a particular field of thought, activities or interest)60.appear=emerge(come into existence)61.whole=entire(the whole of something)62.wet=moist(slightly wet), damp(slightly wet), humid(very damp and hot)!63.wrong=erroneous(incorrect or partly correct)64.difficult=formidable65.change=convert(change into another form)66.typical=quintessential(this word means represent a typical example ofsomething)67.careful=cautious(very careful in order to avoid danger), prudent(careful andsensible)68.ability=capacity, capability(the same as ability)69.strange=eccentric(if some one is eccentric, s/he behaves in a strange way, orhis/her opinion is different from most people)70.rich=affluent(if you are affluent, you have a lot of money)e= utilize (the same as use)72.dubious=skeptical(if you are skeptical about something, you have doubts on it.)73.satisfy=gratify (if you are gratified by something, it gives you pleasure andsatisfaction)74.short=fleeting, ephemeral(if something is ephemeral, it lasts a short time)75.scholarship=fellowship76.angry=enraged(extremely angry)77.smelly=malodorous(used to describe an unpleasant smell)78.ugly=hideous(if something is hideous, it is very ugly or unattractive)79.attractive=appealing(pleasing and attractive), absorbing(something absorbingcan attract you a great deal)80.diverse=miscellaneous(a miscellaneous groups consists of many different kindsof things)81.disorder=disarray, chaos82.crazily=frantically(used to describe someone who behaves in a wild anduncontrolled way)83.rapid=meteoric(ATTENTION: meteoric is only used to describe someone achievessuccess quickly)84.ordinary=mundane(very ordinary and not at interesting or unusual)85.despite=notwithstanding(FORMAL)86.best=optimal(used to describe the best level something can achieve)87.sharp=acute(severe and intense)88.unbelievable=inconceivable(if you deem something inconceivable, you think itvery unlike to happen89.puzzle=perplex(something perplex someone means it confuses and worrieshim/her because he/she does not understand it)90.method=avenue(away of getting something done)91.famous=distinguished(used to describe people who are successful in theircareer)92.ancient=archaic(extremely old and extremely old-fashioned)93.decorate=embellish(embellish means make something look more attractive viadecorating it with something else)94.possible=feasible(if something is feasible, it can be done, made or achieved)95.so=consequently, accordingly96.rare=infrequent (doesn’t happen often )97.greedy=rapacious(greedy and selfish)。

托福写作同义词替换词(全)

托福写作同义词替换词(全)

托福写作同义词替换词(全)同义词替换词国内考生常用的表达更得分的表达方式名词1things that one tries hardto do one's undertakings/ one's commitments2The fact is that?The reality is that?3joy happiness/delight/ enjoyment4sadness sorrow/ grief5danger hazard/ peril ( 后面这个词语气很强,危险程度非同一般 ) [派生 ] dangerous; hazardous≈schooling (指学校教育,家庭教育则用6education upbringing/ parenting)[ 区分 ]家庭教育的两个词upbringing 是从孩子的角度说的,比如children's upbringing;而parenting 是从家长的角度来说,比如 sensible parenting.如果你写过关于广告的题目,就一定体会过不停轮换使用advertisement/ advertising有多郁闷。

其实主体段论证中完全可以把广告类7advertisement/ advertising 细化,比如commercials(电视或者互联网上的广告),flyers(传单广告,北京最常见的形式就是“ 135****,办证”),billboards (大幅的广告牌)或者non-profit advertisements=public-interest advertisements (公益广告)8car Automobile9economic crisis economic meltdown(很接近)/recession (这个一般仅仅还是衰退)/the Great Depression (这个则是特指1929 年开始的那次了)10famous people celebrities (单数为 celebrity)11human beings(备考生使humanity(注意这个词的单数指人类,复数用过多)指人文学科) /the human race12wealth fortune(s)( fortune 作财富的意思时可以加复数)13[ 相关 ] rich wealthy/ affluent (adj.)14skill≈注意这个词的正确解释是技能technique(或者方法,而不是 technology 科技 )15[ 派生 ] skilled adept/ adroit (adj.)16 method methodology (国外学术写作中超级常用的词,基本就是method的故作高深版)17field18understanding of19choice20cooperationbasic structure in a city or 21a country22tiredness for a long time 23is a must of24the Internet25honesty26strong belief27aim28worries29influence30influence on each other31many different kinds ofwrong ideas held by many 32people33fame34range35sense36part37wise38gapa system for a particular 39purpose40 a solution to sth.41bad students42bad behavior sphere/ domain/ arena≈grasp of/ commandof Option≈collaborationInfrastructureFatigueis a prerequisite for (是??的必备先决条件)≈the information highway(一篇考生作文里Internet 被使用十几次是常事儿 )≈integrityfaith (in)Intentionanxieties (是的,这两个词的确都可以加复数)impact/ repercussion/ implicationmutual influence(类似的表达还有mutual respect, mutual trust和mutual understanding/ interaction between A and B/ interplay between A and Ba variety of a?wide/ array of ? /ideawrange ?of ?Misconceptionsprestige/ sterling reputation≈spectrum≈recognitioncomponent (这个词不仅指零件,在学术写作中也经常指“部分”)[相关 ] sensible (adj.)Disparity≈ a mechanism for ,a remedy for sth. (生活中经常指一种病的治疗方法,但学术写作中经常用来指某种问题的解决方法,注意搭配的介词不同)≈unruly students/ disruptive students unethical behavior/ immoral behavior43organizations that helppoor people charities/ charitable organizations44difference Distinction45[ 派生 ] be different from be distinct from (adj.)46person Individual47personality≈ disposition48businesses enterprises(这里指企业)49prices that are too high exorbitant prices50the rate of ?the incidence of (?后面一般跟坏事儿,比如unemployment/ crime/ a disease)51intense enthusiasm zeal/ passion52cultural globalization(有global cultural homogenization 过多人使用这个词)53 a thing that is necessary a necessity54a thing that is new andinteresting a novelty55 a thing that is rare a rarity56things that people are notsure about Uncertainties57 a world language a universal language58friends Companions59relaxation≈ recreation60self-respect≈ self-esteem and dignity61respect sb./ sth.hold sb./ sth. in high regard62[ 反义 ] look down on ?treat ? with contempt despise=(v.) 63self-control self-discipline64criminal Convict65prisoner Inmate66drinks≈ alcoholic beverages67people who walk on thestreet Pedestrians68old generations in history Ancestors69a person who benefitsfrom sth. a beneficiary of sth.70a disease that spreads an epidemic(注意这个词虽然是 -ic 结尾,却quickly不是形容词)71a very unpleasant way oflife Misery adj-> miserable72a task that requires lots ofeffort an arduous task73emotion≈ sentiment74enemy≈ opponent/ foe75narrow minds insular minds (狭隘的头脑或者观念)76 a way to do sth.an approach to doing sth./an avenue towards sth.77hobby≈ pastime / diversion78progress progression (经常指抽象的进步,比如写关于 society/ career/ technology的话题)79failuresetback(注意作名词的时候中间不要加空格)80importance significance(当你用了一次 importance 之后,第二次不妨用这个)81duty obligation(用于比较重要的责任)82difficulty hindrance/ impediment/ hurdles83pressure from yourclassmates peer pressure84citizens who can work labor force/ workforce(都是总体概念,而且注意后面这个词的标准写法中间没有空格)85problems or diseases thatexist for a long time persistent problems/chronic diseases86a life without regularexercise a sedentary lifestyle87resultconsequence(表示消极的结果更多一些)88thoughts≈ considerations89the lack of knowledge ignorance (注意在地道英文里,这个词经常并不表示“忽视”,而是表示“无知”)90harm (n.)adverse effectdamage destroy/ ruin (这两个词比 damage程度更重)spoil(后面跟 the cityscape/ scenery/91harm (vt.)environment) undermine (后面跟抽象概念,比如 stability/ social order/ harmony)jeopardize (后面跟抽象概念,比如one's future/ one's career)tarnish (后面跟one's reputation/ image)sap/ dampen(后面跟one's enthusiasm/ interest/ confidence)92[ 派生 ] harmful detrimental (adj.)93[ 派生] be harmful to≈ pose a threat to94bad luck Misfortune95trouble adversity/ dilemma/ predicament/ hardship 96crime offense/ criminal act97youth crime≈ juvenile delinquency98criminal offender/ ≈ culprit/ ≈ perpetrator99serious crime heinous crime/ felony100 a minor crime a misdemeanor101shortage (of)scarcity (of)/ dearth (of)102the only one an exception103places where animals live Habitat形容词104worrying≈ disturbing105very popular prevalent/ ubiquitous106TRUE genuine (truly a genuinely)107deep profound (深刻的,后面经常跟 wisdom/ truths/understanding/ impact/ thoughts)108strong powerful/ mighty109weak≈ vulnerable110hard-working industrious(注意不是industrial,而diligent 那个词在美语中是个挺大的词)111very disappointing Lamentable可悲的 / pathetic112be good (for)be beneficial (to) = be in the best interests (of) 113be not as good as be inferior to114be better than be superior to115uninteresting mundane (注意这个词其实再美国很多时候并116many不是“世俗的”意思 /humdrum(注意要跟可数名词)numerous117complicated Intricate118strange odd/ bizarre/ eccentric(单 weird 有点过于口语化了)119cannot be turned back be irreversible 120produce useful results Productive 121practical≈ realistic122mature sophisticated (这个词指人的时候意思是思维成熟老练的)123selfish self-centered/ materialistic/ego-centric 124proud (贬义)Conceited125suitable Fitting126most suitable Optimal127lonely isolated/ alienated128alone Solitary129be easily influenced by be susceptible to sth. (一般是坏事情,比如 a sth.disease/ attacks)130is better than is superior to131not as good as ?is inferior tobe identical/ be homogenous/ be uniform(后面两132be the same 个词比较正式,一般是说cultural globalization 的时候常用,现在理解为什么小幅的名词叫school uniforms 了吧,就是让大家都看起来一样的衣服)133interesting≈ stimulating134boring≈ monotonous/ repetitive135useless Redundant136smart Intelligent137famous Renowned138positive≈ desirable/ encouraging139happy Delighted140enjoyable Delightful141can be used be available142hard to understand bewildering/ baffling/ confusing143(laws/ rules/ people)not strict Lenient144healthy wholesome(注意说人的健康还是要用 healthy,但是如果说事物有益健康,就可以用wholesome)145good for the eco-friendly(比如 Biking is far more eco-friendly envrionment than driving their SUVs.)146nervous/ anxious≈ apprehensive147doubt sth.be skeptical about sth.148fair≈ justified149unfair≈ unwarranted/ unjustifiable150huge enormous/ massive/ vast/ colossal151small tiny/ miniscule (后面一般跟抽象名词)152have many differentabilities be versatile/ be well-rounded153be familiar with be well-acquainted with154very successful/admirable Distinguished155proper Appropriate156typical quintessential (这个语气非常强)157exact precise/ ≈ accurate158ugly Unsightly159poor-quality substandard(housing/ accommodation/ work/ goods/ machines)the current ? / the existing(比如?the current160the present ?financial crisis/ the existing environmental problems)161outdated antiquated/obsolete162highly-respected Esteemed163complete(adj.)/ whole Entire164spend a lot of money lead an extravagant/ a lavish life165open enlightened/ progressive (开明的,逐步的,经常用来形容 govern-ment 或者 society)166sth. must be carried out sth. is compulsory/ sth. is mandatory167with long history(后面经常跟抽象名词,比如time-honoredtradition/ practice/ methods/ heritage)168continuing forever Perpetual169important significant essential vital( 这三个词的重要性依次递增 )170very attractive very appealing/ fascinating/ captivating 171very careful Cautious172be very interested in be absorbed in/ be engrossed in173be qualified for be eligible for174disappointing Frustrating175wrong Erroneous176long and a bitannoying Lengthy177very difficult daunting/ formidable178being spread in rampant (后面经常跟负面现象,比如crime, uncontrolled way pollution 或者 discrimination)179cruel≈ inhumane/ merciless180fatoverweight/ obese(后面这个已经胖出病了)181having wrong opinions skewed/ biased(这两个词一般在IELTS 媒体类话题使用,表示“有偏见的”)182including many things comprehensive (综合的,全面的)183enough adequate/ sufficient/ ample/ abundant(注意这四个词的语气是逐渐递增的 )184too much Excessive185very little minimal (注意不是 minimum )186cause bad effects187strict188urgent189quiet counterproductive (其实地道英文写作里这个词不见得和生产有关,只要阻止人们达到目的,都可以写它counterproductive)stringent(后面一般跟laws, measures或者rules)pressing (problems)tranquil and serene(美语中这两个词经常可以连在一起用)动词190make sth. strong191make sth. weak192make sth. better193make sth. worsecontrol?(a negative 194trend)195stop196manage sth.197appear198die out199fail to see200set ?free201beginnarrow/ bridge the gap 202between A and B(注意这里 bridge 作动词)203be forced to do sth.keep complaining204about sth.205try hard to do sth. 206do sth.207do not do sth.208carry out209turn ?into ?strengthen/ fortify/ reinforce/ consolidate sth. weaken/ erode (侵蚀)enhance/ better(很少看到国内考生用better 当动词,其实在学术写作中 better sth是.挺常见的表达)aggravate/ exacerbate sth.curb ? (crime/ pollution/ economic recessions) Cease≈regulate sth./oversee sth.emerge/ arise(后者的主语一般是抽象概念,比如debate) go extinct neglect/overlookrelease (prisoners/ stress)commence/ initiate (后者跟抽象概念更多,比如 initiate the conflict)[反义 ] widen the gap between A andB be compelled to do sth.grumble about sth.≈pursue sth.(one's goal/one's career/business interests/ maximum profit/ hegemony)≈perform/ conduct (注意这里的perform 不是“表演”而是“从事”)refrain from doing sth.Implementconvert ?to/ into?210decrease decline/ dwindle(特指逐渐缓慢的减少)/ dip/ slip(后两个词用来指短促的下降 )211make a crime commit a crime(注意作文中不要用 make a crime 这样不地道的英文)212commit a crime againrevert to crime (这里的crime 作不可数名词)213punish Penalize214[ 派生 ]punishment Penalty215spread propagate/ disseminate(这两个词后面经常跟information/ ideas/ belief 这类名词)216develop fast flourish/ thrive217develop (这里作“培养”的意思cultivate/ foster/ nurture(这三个词后面经常跟和教育有关的名词,比如 an interest in social issues)218[ 相关 ]fast-developing 219accept220build Burgeoningadopt(注意这个词不是 adapt适应,而是接纳,采纳的意思)Construct221 gather garner,但这个词只能用在很正式的意思,而且略有贬义,比如 garner funding, garner support during the UN climate conference at Copenhagen222measure 223teach sth. 224start225support gauge, 比 measure稍正式一点≈impart sth ./ inculcate sth.(注意如果teach 后面是人则不要替换)initiate 多用于政府类话题espouse,后面跟某种重要的事业,类似的还有动词champion (作动词不是冠军的意思了)和动词sanction(它作名词则变成了“制裁”)226praise227support228prove/ confirm 229create ≈compliment/ extol (后面这个语气很强)≈buttress/ bolsterVerifygenerate(一般是大规模的产生,比如generate employment opportunities/ generate tax revenue/ electricity) breed(一般是产生消极的东西,比如conflict/ crime/ resentment) spawn(一般是产生新事物,比如 spawn inventions/ innovations)230use231use?again232work hard233get234consider235meet236provide sth.237need238like sth. very much 239be unhappy about 240ask for241raise242look like sth.243treat ?poorly244consider sth. valuable 245keep246mix? together247solve248noticeunderstand ? to249mean? / to be ?choose sth./ choose to 250do sth.251 achieveappear in large252numbers253make? less serious 254pay?for (one's loss) ≈utilize/exploitRecyclework assiduously≈acquire (注意 acquire/ gain knowledge 比learn knowledge 在地道英文中更加常见)contemplate/ reflect on/ponder encounter,多用于政府,文化或者success这样偏大一些的话题afford sth. (在正式英文写作中, afford 经常可以表示“提供”require(注意主语如果是人称则一般还需要使用need,但如果主语是事物,则可以改用 require)≈ have an affinity for sth./ have a strong attachment to sth.complain about (v.)/ be discontended with (adj.) Requestelevate,就是正式版的raise,但只是“提高”而不能表示抚养小孩的意思resemble sth.mistreat ?/ abuse ?value sth./ treasure sth./ cherish sth.≈maintain/ preserve(这个词后面经常跟traditions/ cultural heritage/ wild animals/ natural resources等)blend/ combine/ synthesizetackle/ combat/ addressDiscerninterpret ?as(?很多时候这个词并不是口译,而是把?理解为?? )opt for sth./ opt to do sth.fulfill (one's dream/ one's goal/ one's potential/ one's obligation/ one's promise/ one's task)sprout up/ mushroomrelieve/ ease/ alleviate(作文中经常用到的搭配有relieve stress/ alleviate poverty/ ease the traffic congestion等)compensate?for ?255pay?for (one's effort) 256make sth. faster257join258outweight259contribute toprevent the260development of?261 find out262 encourage sb. to?263like sth. very much 264dislike sth. very much 265hate266limit267avoid268 is not limited to?269be so surprised270decide271move to ?272come from?273improve274waste275attack276reduce277increase278help279help (n.)280set up281try to do sth.282try hard to do sth. 283change reward ?for ?accelerate sth./ speed up sth.participate inprevail over(大家应该已经注意到了,新托福议论文的题目中经常出现outweight 这个词用来比较事物的重要性或者利弊,在作文中最好不要重复考题中出现过的特征词汇)promote/ facilitate(这两个词都是及物动词,所以不需要跟 to)hinder/impede/ inhibit/ obstruct?≈identify≈motivate sb. to,adore sth.abhor/ detest/ loatheresent/ hold a grudge againstrestrict/ constrain≈bypass/ eschew/ shunis not restricted to?/ is not confined(经to常用?来描述一个trend 不仅限于某个范围)be astonished/ be astounded/ be startled Determinerelocate to?/ have been relocated to?originate from/ in?boost/ enhance(比如 boost solidarity 增进团结/ enhance productivity提高生产率) use?lavishlyassail (语气更强烈)curtail(多用于政府投资类话题)/diminish (多用于文化类或者发展类中的抽象话题)augment(多用于政府投资类话题)AssistAssistanceEstablishattempt to do sth.make a strenuous/ an arduous/ a painstaking effort to do sth.Alter284change? a lot285solve286correct (vt.)287take down288Obey289Ban290criticize291increase292depend on293depend on294deal with295do one's best to do sth.296use upreport the details of297sth.prevent sb. from298focusing on?299spend A on B300use too much ?fundamentally change ? / radically change ? / transform ?address/ combatrectify (a mistake)demolish/ raze(谈到拆老建筑的时候常用)abide by/ comply with/ conform to (后面跟 thelaw/ rules/ regulations等)ban? altogether/ strictly prohibit?condemn/ denounce(这两个词一般用于政府类话题,但不要用在教育类)show an upward trend/ be on the rise反义:show adownward trendhinge on= be contingent on(意思是:取决于??)rely on(意思是:依靠??)cope withcommit oneself to doing sth./ strive to do sth./ do one's utmost to do sth./ spare no effort to do sth. exhaust (energy/ resources)/ stretch (resources) to the limitreport sth. In graphic detaildistract sb. from?≈dedicate A to Bstretch ? to the limit/ put a strain on?301pour discharge(排放,环境类话题常用,比如 discharge chemical waste into rivers, streams and lakes)302get used to get accustomed to303die out go extinct304continue to exist Persist305come with ?be attended by / be accompanied by?expand one's outlook/ enlarge one's vision306broaden one's horizons (broaden one's horizons这个句型已经被考生使用过多惨遭贬值 )307break the law violate the law308put sb. In prison incarcerate sb.309make laws against? legislate against?310[ 相关 ]law311make sth. activemake one's dream312come truehave the right to do313sth.314lead to change in315stick to316deal with the need317take ? away from sb.318give sb. the ability to319get a clear idea of320be lostspend too much time321on322prepare for ?323break the balance324balance A and B325catch326 think of?as327get rid of328get rid of329make? higher legislation (名词,注意 law 在特指具体的法律时可以用复数,但是 legislation 不能用复数)stimulate (后面经常跟 imagination/ creativity/interest/ economic growth等词汇)fulfill one's potential/ attain one's goalbe entitled to do sth.act as a catalyst for change in ? adhere to/cling to (注意后面这个有时候略带贬义)meet the demand/ satisfy the needdeprive sb. of (?省略号中可以填入 freedom/leisure time/ the right to 等值得拥有的内容 )enable sb. toget a clear perspective ofgo astray(作文中如果写青少年“误入歧途”,就不要再写 get lost)be addicted to/ be preoccupied with/ beobsessed with ( 这三个词组的语气越来越强 )pave the way for?/ lay the groundwork for?/ lay a solid foundation for(为??打好基础)upset the balancestrike a balance between A and B 在( A 和 B 之间争取一种平衡 )captureregard ?as/ view ?as/perceive?aseliminate/ removeabolish(多用于政府类话题,废除)drive up(后面经常跟 the crime rate/unemployment rate)副词Increasingly +adj. 但要注意如果后面不是 adj.330more and more +adj.而是noun, 那么就可以用an increasing numberof (跟可数名词) / an increasing amount of(跟不可数名词)来代替331mainly primarily/ principally/ chiefly332 In the old days,?333now334Actually, ?335very soon336not often at all337completelydo sth. without careful 338thought339blindly340only341 a little/ a bit342mainly343about344before ?345 a fewAlthough ? , the real 346situation is347Most young people ?348needs to be changed 349be punished by the law 350do sth. togetherIt is common for sb. 351to ?352 is based on?have no choice but353to ?354be worth the effort 355and so on356become more than 357grow fast Traditionally,?/ Historically,?≈currently≈Technically, , (严格来说它的意思并不是“事实上” ,但在学术写作中它是一个表示“精确地说”非常帮的词语)immediatelyrarelyentirelydo sth. Impulsivelyindiscriminately(不加选择的) /mechanically(机械的)≈ merely(注意只有 a little/ a bit后面跟形容词的时候才可以这样替换)somewhat (注意只有 a little/ a bit 后面跟形容词的时候才可以这样替换 )primarily/ principally/ chiefly短语或句型regarding/ concerning/ with respect to/ withregard toprior to?a handful of (请注意仅指少数时 a couple of 容易被挑剔的考官判为过于口语化 )Hypothetically,? / Theoretically,? / In theory/ Ideally,...→ But in reality,? / But in actuality,? / But in practice,?(Ideally指“理想化地说” )Young people tend to? =Young people typically?(tend to 和typically 都是表示某一类人多半会怎样做的常用表达)is crying out for reform(固定短语)be brought to justicemake a concerted effort to do sth.It is standard practice for sb. to?is predicted on?have no option but to? / have no alternative butto ?be worthwhileetc.(前面可加逗号)exceed/ surpassgrow dramatically/ soar/ rocket358fall fast359much higher360 a little higher361is closely connected 362through363on the whole364because of fall drastically/ plunge/ plummetconsiderably/ substantially/ significantly higher marginally higher/ slightly higher/ fractionally higheris intrinsically linked to?by way of (介词短语 )overalldue to/ owing to(新托福作文中这两个词组后面经常是跟负面含义的名词)365before (时间 )prior to366in this aspect in this regard/ in this respect 这(里不是尊重的意思,而是指某方面 )367despite/ in spite of notwithstanding(请注意这三个词都是后面不惜紧跟名词或者名词短语,而不可以直接跟从句)368in fact as a matter of fact ≈ in essence/ essentially (inessence/ essentially的意思是“本质上”)369besides apart from370about/ around approximately371It is obvious that? It is evident that?372sth. stops.sth. comes to a standstill373be similar to ?be akin to 学?(术写作中相当常见的句型 ) 374 A is as ? as B Bis ? A is equally?375It is impossible that It?is highly unlikely that?376 A has made B+adj./n.A has rendered B+adj./ n. (这里的宾语 B 后面只能是跟形容词或者名词)377 A has made B do sth.sth. does not always 378remain the same.A high percentage 379of ?380 The cause of?is 381 no matterA has promoted/ impelled sb. to do sth. (注意这两个词后面的宾语之后不能省略 to)sth. is not carved in stone (某事物并非一成不变)The proportion of ? is very high(??. 的比例很高)can be attributed to/ can be ascribed to (可以归?因于??)regardless of/ irrespective of(注意no matter后面一般跟从句,而regardless of和irrespective of 后面多数时候跟名词或者名词短语)talking about ? /in terms of (?经常用来限制一个命题的适用范382围,比如 In terms of culture, this city is fascinating.speaking ofBut in terms of traffic, it is inferior. )。

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托福备考丨写作高频同义词替换
1. 认为:think--hold—maintain—assume—argue—claim—deem—reckon
2. 获得:get--obtain—gain—achieve—acquire—have access to
3. 有:have--own—possess
4. 帮助:help--assist—facilitate—give a hand to—act as a contributing factor to
5. 使用,利用:use--utilize—exploit—take advantage of
6. 给,提供:give--provide—offer—afford—confer
7. 想要:want--desire—be eager for
8. 好的:good—positive—beneficial—effective—constructive—superior
9. 坏的:bad—negative—harmful—damaging—devastating—deteriorating—inferior
10. 许多,大量:many--a vast number of—numerous—a wealth of—a host of—a multitude of
11. 各种各样的:different kinds of—a variety of, a wide range of—diverse—diversified
12. 人们:people—individuals—citizen—the public
13. 发展,增长:development—improvement—progress—progression—advancement—growth—flourish—prosperity—boost
14. 促进,推动:develop—improve—promote—enhance—strengthen—upgrade—boost
15. 重要:important—significant—essential—critical—crucial—vital—pivotal
16. 重视:focus on—emphasize—highlight—attach importance to –give priority to
17. 忽视:ignore—neglect—overlook—turn a blind eye to—fail to take into account
18. 观点:idea—opinion—view—standpoint—notion—concept—thought—assumption
19. 原因,因素:reason—cause—factor—contributor—trigger
20. 优点:advantage—merit—benefit—virtue—upside—strength
21. 缺点:disadvantage—demerit—defect—drawback—downside—weakness
22. 解决,处理:solve—resolve—work out—fix—handle—deal with—cope with –tackle
23. 关于:in terms of—when it comes to—as to—in regard to – relating to—with respect to—concerning—regarding—involving
24. 采取,实施:adopt—undertake—carry out—initiate—implement—launch
25. 措施,方案:measure—action—approach—policy—initiative
26. 改变:change—transform—alter—shift—switch—convert
27. 探讨,分析:explore—analyze—examine—depict—illustrate
28. 反驳,冲突:contradict—conflict with—challenge—deny—oppose—cast doubt on—counter--refute
29. 普遍一般:common—universal—ubiquitous
30. 足够:enough—sufficient--plentiful—abundant—ample
31. 坚持:stick—adhere—cling
32. 追求:pursue—seek
33. 确切,准确:exact—accurate—precise
34. 顶端:top—peak—summit
35. 竞争者:competitor—rival—opponent
36. 名声:fame—reputation—prestige
37. 建立:build—establish—erect
38. 基础的,根本的:primary—fundamental—radical
39. 缓解:relieve—alleviate—ease--lighten
40. 贫穷:poor—needy—impoverished—poverty—stricken
41. 富有:rich—wealthy—affluent—well-off
42. 流行:popular—prevailing—prevalent—pervasive
43. 鼓励,刺激:encourage—motivate—stimulate—spur
44. 保持:keep—preserve—conserve--retain—remain—maintain
45. 完成:finish—complete—accomplish—fulfill
46. 破坏,危害:destroy—damage—impair—undermine—jeopardize
47. 幸福:happiness—cheerfulness—well-being
48. 教育:education—schooling—parenting—upbringing
49. 年轻人:young people—youth—youngsters—adolescents
50. 老年人:old people—the elderly—senior citizen—the aged
51. 责任:responsibility—obligation—liability
52. 工作:job—career—employment—profession
53. 娱乐,消遣:enjoyment—entertainment—pastimes—recreation
54. 孩子:children—kid--offspring—descendant
55. 起作用:play a…role in—exert a … part in—perform a …function in
56. 对...有影响:have a … effect on—exert a …influence on… exercise a … impact on
57. 充满:be filled with—be awash with—be inundate with—be saturated with—be flooded with
58. 努力:struggle for—strive for—aspire after—spare no efforts for
59. 从事:take up—set about—go in for—embark on--be engaged in
60. 在当代:in contemporary society—in present-day society—in this day and age。

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