江苏省徐州市第三中学2018届高三年级英语午练36 (PDF版,无答案)

徐州三中2018届高三年级英语周练36 Following one million middle­aged women in Britain for 10 years, a study finds that the widely held view that happiness enhances health and longevity is unfounded.The results come from the so­called Mi llion Women Study, which took on women aged 50 to 69 from 1996 to 2001, and tracked them with questionnaires and official records of death and hospital admissions. The questionnaires asked how often the women felt happy, in control, relaxed and stressed, and also instructed them to rate their health and list ailments like high blood pressure, diabetes, depression or anxiety.When the answers were analyzed statistically, unhappiness and stress were not associated with an increased risk of death. It is not clear whether the findings apply to men.Professor Peto said particularly important data came from 500,000 women who reported that they were in good health, with no history of heart disease, cancer, or stroke. A minority of these healthy women said they were stressed or unhappy, he said, but over the next decade they were no more likely to die than were the women who were generally happy.“This finding refutes (驳斥) the large effects of unhappiness and stress on death rate that others have claimed，” Dr. Peto said. Unhappiness itself may not affect health directly, but it can do harm in other ways, by driving people to suicide, alcoholism or other dangerous behaviors, he warned.This type of study, in which people involved depends on their self­assessments, is not considered as reliable as a designed experiment where people involved are picked at random and assigned to a treatment or control group. But the huge number of people in this study gives it power. Still, some observers noted that measuring emotions is more nuanced (细微的) and complex than simply declaring happiness or unhappiness.“I would have liked to see more discussion of how people translate these complicated feelings into a self­report of happiness，”said Baruch Fischhoff, a psychologist at Carnegie Mellon University.The results of earlier studies have been mixed, with some finding that unhappiness causes illness and others showing no link, Dr. Fischhoff said. “It looks to me like people have collected a lot of data without finding a clear signal，” he said. However, an editorial accompanying the study in The Lancet noted that it had the largest population so far in happiness studies and praised its statisticalmethods.Professor Peto said he doubted whether the new study would change many minds because beliefs about the risks of unhappiness are so rooted. “People are still going to believe that stress causes heart attacks，” he said.请阅读下面短文，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。

Dear Uncle，I am a senior three student who is facing great difficulty in English learning. My problem mostly lies on the learning and memorizing of English words.You know, in order to achieve a good score in the College Entrance English Examination, we are supposed to have a vocabulary of around 3,500 English words. However, it seems impossible for me to remember all of them, even half of them.Every week, we have to learn around 10 new words and review 20 words from our textbook. To help us, my teacher Miss Li usually first explains the meanings and usages of them in class. Then, I will spend a lot of time trying to memorize my notes taken in class. What troubles me is that I am always slower than most of my classmates who seem never to fail the next day's dictation given by the teacher to test our vocabulary mastery. Instead, I have been a frequent visitor to her re­dictation room. Watching her worried and tired face, I always think to myself, “Why am I so stupid as to trouble both her and me so much？” Or rather, there is something wrong with my strategies and the way my teacher helps me?I know you are good at English learning. Hope you can rescue me.Best regards!Wei Fang [写作内容]1．用约30个单词概述上述信息的主要内容；2．用约120个单词发表你的看法，你应当：(1)结合对魏芳同学词汇学习方法的分析，谈谈你认为较为有效的词汇学习策略；(2)结合对魏芳的老师教授词汇方法的分析，谈谈你认为老师在课堂内外该怎样进行词汇教学。

[写作要求]1．写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；2．作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；3．不必写标题。

[评分标准]内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。

Between 1938 and 1942, researchers in Boston were busy getting down to a study of adolescent boys and their family relationships. Some 60 years later, different researchers followed up with the participants and found that those raised in warmer family environments were more securely attached to their partners in the later years of life.In a study published last week in Psychological Science, co­authors Robert Waldinger, a psychiatrist at Harvard Medical School, and Marc Schulz, a psychologist at Bryn Mawr College, combined many decades of data previously gathered on a group of men with data they recently collected on the same men to offer unique long­term thinking on the connection between early childhood environment, how men regulate emotions in middle age and the security of their attachments in close relationships late in life.Security of attachment, a concept that first appeared in the 1960s, is the idea that because we are helpless for large portions of our childhood and old age we need to be good at forming attachments with others and keeping them around to take care of us. “Each person has certain people who are their main attachment figures，” Waldinger says —in other words, the person you would “call in the middle of the night if you were terrified and needed someone to come over”．We start forming attachments at a very young age and continue to do so throughout our lives.Waldinger and Schulz determined that regardless of socioeconomic standing the men raised in warmer family environments used more adaptive strategies to manage their negative emotions in midlife, and were also more securely attached to their partners late in life. These results suggest our childhood environment affects our relationships not only into adulthood but for the rest of our lives.For Schulz, the findings highlight the need for services such as family leave that support parents and allow them to create better family environments. He also stresses the importance of good social services that can get involved when children end up in poor or unsafe family settings. “Kids may not remember specific events, particularly early in their lifetimes，”Schulz says. “But the accumulation of loving, nurturing family environments really has an impact over a long period of time.”Waldinger and Schulz also emphasize that there are many ways to overcome having a less­than­idyllic childhood, such as actively working on developing warmer, healthier relationships as an adult or learning how to use more adaptive strategies to deal with negative emotions.Chris Fraley, a psychologist at the University of Illinois at Urbana­Champaign who studiesattachment but was not involved in the present study, was surprised by the results. “There are so many ways in which people's lives can evolve across time，”such as financial hardships, illness, divorce or occupational uncertainty, he wrote in an e­mail, adding, “The fact that the authors found such an association is remarkable, and raises a number of questions about the factors that ex plain why it exists.” Fraley pointed out, however, that the study is small, a limitation the researchers themselves acknowledge. He also cautioned that an association between early childhood experiences and attachment later in life doesn't necessarily mean the former causes the latter.Still, the best option is to provide kids with a warm family environment early in life, Waldinger says. “The bottom line is that how we take care of children is just so vitally important. And protecting their d evelopment is essential for lifelong well­being.”period of time.●There are many ways to overcome having a less­than­idyllic childhood,learning how to use more adaptive strategies to deal with negative emotionsincluded.Chris Fraley'sopinion●The fact of finding such an association is remarkable, and raises manyquestions about the factors which explain the reason for its (8)________．●An (9)________ between early childhood experiences and attachmentdoesn't necessarily mean attachment later in life.Conclusion(10)________ options we make, the best one is to provide kids with a warmfamily environment early in life.请根据你对以下两幅图的理解，以“Opportunities favour the prepared mind”为题，用英语写一篇作文。