2020年高考英语短文改错高频考点11：主谓一致附解析
专题11 短文改错高频考点TOP 11 主谓一致
考点一根据主语单复数情况而定
根据语法一致、意义一致和临近原则来判定谓语的数
1)You can have meals together chatting about whatever interest you.
【答案】interest改为interests
【解析】whatever在宾语从句中作主语，谓语动词用单数
2)As we all know，everyone have a dream.
【答案】have改为has
【解析】everyone作主语，谓语动词用单数
3)Then，it also help to watch TV and read books，newspapers and magazines in the Chinese whenever possible. 【答案】help改为helps
【解析】it作主语，为动词用单数
4)The saying that practice makes perfect mean that after you have plenty of practice in what you were doing，you
will be perfect in it.
【答案】mean改为means
【解析】分析句子，the saying是主句的主语，谓语动词用单数
考点二The+形容词，the+姓氏复数，谓语复数
“the+形容词”作主语时，表示某类人，谓语动词用复数。
The sick are taken good care of. 病人得到很好的照顾。
The old are supposed to be spoken to politely. 跟老人讲话要有礼貌。
考点三不定式、动名词做主语，谓语动词用单数
不定式，动名词或从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
To finish all the work on time is impossible.
Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes.
Early to bed and early to rise make you feel great all day long.
【解析】“早睡早起”做主语，谓语动词用单数
考点四One+of+（最高级）名词复数，谓语动词用单数
“one of the +最高级+名词(复数)”整个短语为单数含义，谓语要用单数形式。例如：One of the oldest houses has been burnt in a fire.
考点五定语从句中谓语的单复数取决于先行词
定语从句中，关系代词that, which, who 作主语时，谓语动词的数和先行词一致。
He is one of my students who are working hard.
He is the only one of my friends who is working hard.
考点六百分数、分数of做主语，谓语动词取决于of后的名词
分数/百分数＋名词构成的短语作主语，谓语动词的数由名词的单复数决定。
2/3 water is drunk by him.
2/3 students are absent.
1)Bill was standing at the side of the car，talking to two men who was helping him to repair it.
【答案】was 改为were
【解析】因先行词two men 是复数，所以修饰该先行词的定语从句的谓语动词也应用复数
2)Playing football not only makes us grow up tall and strong but also give us a sense of fair play and team spirit. 【答案】give 改为gives
【解析】它与makes 为平行结构，构成并列谓语动词
3)Now my picture and the prize is hanging in the library.
【答案】is 改为are
【解析】因主语是my picture and the prize，故谓语动词要用复数
4)But then there is always more mysteries to look into.
【答案】is 改为are
【解析】因其后的mysteries 为复数，故谓语动词要用复数
5)But not all information are good to society.
【答案】are改为is
【解析】因为主语是不可数名词information，表单数
6)So then，a concert cost so much. I may just listen to music.
【解析】因主语是单数a concert，根据全文用的都是现在的时态，故用一般现在时
7)If I listen to my own records，there are no need to spend money.
【答案】are改为is
【解析】因为在there be结构中的be用is还是用are，由紧跟在be后的那个名词的单复数来决定，此处no need 是单数，所以用is
8)…you will probab ly want to join the Stamp Collectors‘ Club which exist to add more stamps to your
collection.
【答案】exist改为exists
【解析】因主语which是指the Stamp Collectors’ Club，这是单数，所以用exists
9)One evening she told me that something happened when their parents was out.
【答案】was改为were
【解析】因为主语their parents是复数，所以不用was要用were
10)Her parents were in Shanghai, and so was his.
【答案】was 改为were
【解析】因其主语his 为his parents 之略，为复数
11)As is known to us all, remembering English words are not easy.
【答案】are 改为is
【解析】句子主语为动名词短语remembering English words，故其谓语动词要用单数
12)The police was looking for the murderer everywhere in the city.
【答案】was 改为were
【解析】police 作主语时，谓语动词总是用复数
13)Writing English and speaking it is different things.
【答案】is 改为are
【解析】因句子主语为复数
14)It is the parents and their son who wants to buy the bicycle.
【答案】wants 改为want
【解析】此句为强调句，强调的是主语the parents and their son，为复数
15)What he said at the meeting were very important to us.
【答案】were 改为was
【解析】名词性从句作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数
【广东省中山一中、仲元中学等七校2019届高三第二次联考】假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
One Saturday morning in about 9:00, I was walking to a supermarket nearby while suddenly I heard a loud crash just about 10 meters away. I went up and find that two taxis were badly damaged, with one door of a car knock off. One driver was bleeding heavily and other was trapped in the taxi. As soon as passer-by around saw what had happened, they were all came to offer help. Soon the police and an ambulance arrived. Judging from the stopping tracks on the road, it was obviously that the two taxi drivers were driving too fast as both of them were eager to taking more passengers. I think, when travelling, it is important to obey traffic rules, because caring about others’ lives mean caring about our own lives.
【答案】1. in→at
2. while→when
3. find→found
4. knock→knocked
5.在other前and后加the
6. passer-by→passers-by
7.去掉were
8. obviously→obvious
9. taking→take
10. mean→means
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文。文中讲述作者看到一起两位出租车司机为带更多客人而导致发生两车相撞严重的交通事故。
第三处：时态用法错误。文中为过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时。句意：我走上去发现两辆出租车严重受损。故将find改为found。
第四处：非谓语动词用法错误。with后宾语one door of a car与knock off.之间为被动关系，故用过去分词作宾语补足语。句意：汽车的一扇门被撞掉了。故将knock改为knocked
第五处：冠词用法错误。这里特指两个司机中的另外一个，故用the other。句意：一名司机严重出血，另一名司机被困在出租车里。故在other前and后加the。
第六处：名词数用法错误。根据后句中的they可知，这里名词passer-by用复数形式。句意：附近的路人一看见所发生的，他们就都来帮忙。故将passer-by改为passers-by。
第七处：语态用法错误。句中主语they与动词came to offer help之间为主动关系，故用主动语态。句意：附近的路人一看见所发生的，他们就都来帮忙。故去掉were。
第八处：短语用法错误。短语it is/was obvio us that…显然……。句意：很显然，两位出租车司机都开得太快。故将obviously改为obvious。
第九处：动词用法错误。短语be eager to do急于做某事。句意：他们都急于带更多的乘客。故将taking改为take。
第十处：主谓一致用法错误。动名词caring about others’ lives作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。句意：因为关心别人的生命就是意味着关心我们自己的生命。故将mean改为means。
【河南省名校联盟2018-2019学年上学期高2019届高三年级尖子生11月调研】假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
The charity shop around the corner has a few volunt eers. They’re some locals who can’t find jobs or have
learning or other difficulty. As I know how important it is of them to feel respected and appreciated, I took the time to talk to them.
Yesterday, it came to his notice that one of them had the sadness in his eyes. Approached him I thanked him for his work here. In spite of his condition he was respectfully. I stayed for a while and we talked a lot. They were clearly happy be noticed. I have no idea that their stories are and what they may be going through, yet I hope this little bit of kindness helped them.
【答案】第一处：difficulty改为difficulties；第二处：of改为for；第三处：took改为take
第四处：his改为my 第五处：删除the 第六处：Approached改为Approaching
第七处：here改为there 第八处：respectfully改为respectful 第九处：happy后加to
第十处：that改为what。
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文，慈善商店都是由暂时找不到工作或有其他困难的志愿者负责管理的，他们渴望得到尊敬和欣赏。当某一个志愿者难过的时候，作者主动与他交流并安慰他。
第三处：考查时态。本文是一篇记叙文，本段介绍附近慈善商店的有关事情，都以一般现在时为主，所以要把took改为take。
第四处：考查代词。句意：昨天我注意到他们中有一个人眼里有悲伤的色彩。根据上下文可知是我注意到这点。所以要把his改为my。
第五处：考查冠词。句意：昨天我注意到他们中有一个人眼里有悲伤的色彩。根据上下文可知是我注意到这点。句中名词sadness是抽象名词，前面不要使用冠词，要单独使用。所以要删除定冠词the。
第六处：考查非谓语动词。句意：走近他的身边，我感谢他在那里的工作。动词approach与主语I构成主动关系，要用现在分词做状语。所以要把Approached改为Approaching。
第七处：考查副词。句意：走近他的身边，我感谢他在那里的工作。副词there指the charity shop，所以要把here改为there。
第八处：考查形容词。在英语里副词通常做状语修饰形容词、副词、动词或整个句子；而形容词通常做定语
修饰名词代词。本句中应该使用形容词与系动词构成系表结构，所以要填respectful。
【2019届江西省吉安市高三上学期五校联考】假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。
文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（八），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼）划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词：
2．只允许修改10 处，多者（从第11 处起）不计分。
I’m a senior student and I’m now in the need of your help although I can’t stand the great pressure. Every day I have to have lesson at school for nine hours and spend at least three to four hours doing my homework at home. Our teenagers are eager to play and enjoy ourselves, but we hardly have any time to do that we want. Beside, we don’t even have enough sleepy. There seem to have three cases about the overload: the pressure of examinations, too many homework and high expectations from the parents. We often warned that if we don’t do our best we won’t have the chance to go to university. The pressure often makes me awake at night.
【答案】去掉need前的the
although because
lesson lessons
Our We
that what
Beside Besides
sleepy sleep
have be
many much
we∧often: are
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文。作者是一名高中的学生，学习压力非常大，所以写信要寻求帮助。
3.考查名词复数。句意：每天我必须在学校上9个小时的课，花至少3到4个小时在家里做作业。不只一节课，此处lesson用复数形式，故把lesson改为lessons。
4.考查同位语。句意：我们青少年渴望玩得开心，但是我们几乎没有时间去做我们想做的事。文章是以第一人称“我”来讲述的，此处teenagers应该是句子主语的同位语，所以句子主语要用人称代词主格而不是形容词性物主代词，故把Our改为We。
5.考查宾语从句引导词。句意：我们青少年渴望玩得开心，但是我们几乎没有时间去做我们想做的事。句中do后面的宾语从句中的谓语动词want是及物动词，要跟宾语，所以引导宾语从句的引导词要起双重作用，故把that改为what。
6.考查副词。句意：此外，我们甚至没有足够的睡眠。句中beside“在……旁边”是介词，而此处应该用besides“另外”，故把Beside改为Besides。
7.考查名词。句意：此外，我们甚至没有足够的睡眠。此处have后面用名词作宾语，故把sleepy改为sleep。
8.考查there be句型。句意：关于超负荷似乎有三种情况：考试的压力，太多的作业和来自父母的高期望。此处运用了there be句型，故把have改为be。
9.考查many和much的区分。句意：关于超负荷似乎有三种情况：考试的压力，太多的作业和来自父母的高期望。此处homework是不可数名词，much修饰不可数名词，故把many改为much。
【河北省保定市2019届高三10月摸底】假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Last Friday, our class invited a old craftsman to teach us how make dough figurines (面人). First, he show us the basic steps and making techniques. We stood around him but watched attentively. Then he started to have a try. He walked around and helped us patient when necessary. Finally, all of us had our own work and we took pictures for our hand-made figurines excitedly. Looked at these lifelike figurines, we were all felt happy.
【答案】第一处：a改为an
第二处：在how后加to
第三处：show改为showed
第四处：but改为and
第五处：he改为we
第六处：patient改为patiently
第七处：work改为works
第八处：for改为of
第九处：Looked改为Looking
第十处：去掉were或felt
【解析】
第二处：考查疑问词+不定式。句意参考上题解析，此处为疑问词+不定式结构，how to do表示“如何做……”，故在how后加to。
第三处：考查时态。句意：首先，他向我们展示了基本步骤和制作技巧。事情发生在过去，应该用一般过去时，故show改为showed。
第四处：考查连词。句意：我们围着他站着，聚精会神地看。此处是并列而非转折关系，故but改为and。
第七处：考查名词。句意：最后我们都有了自己的作品，我们都兴奋地给我们的手工小雕像拍照。work表示“作品”时是可数名词，此处表示不止一件作品，应该用复数，故work改为works。
第八处：考查固定搭配。句意参考上题解析，take pictures of表示“给……拍照”，故for改为of
第九处：考查非谓语动词。句意：看着这些栩栩如生的小雕像，我们都很高兴。we与look之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，表示主动，用现在分词作状语，故Looked改为Looking。
第十处：考查系表结构。句意参考上题解析，此处用系表结构we were all happy或we all felt happy表示“我们都很高兴”，故去掉were或felt。学科&网
高考英语专题短文改错二十篇1-20
1. Three friends and I was driving on a highway. While we were going at least 50 miles per hour, we passed over a car. It had broken down, stopped on the side of the road. My friend slows down, and pulled behind the other car. He got out of the car immediate and before I knew it he was helping the other person push the car down the road to a spot where wasn’t so close to the passing cars. From the way they were pushing the car, it looked as if my friend was pushing them all by himself. I thought my friend help a complete stranger like this was a great thing, but I won’t forget his good nature or character. 2. Dear Brad, I’m very glad to hear from you. In your last letter you ask about the post-80s in China. Actually I am the boy who belongs to this group. Comparing with our parents, life for us is getting much hard. The job market is tough and the house is expensively to afford. Now many girls prefer to marry with a man who owns a house an d a car. Therefore, I don’t think love built on house and cars is true love, and I doubt how long it will last. As a matter of fact, though situations are tough today, a lot of we post-80s are making great efforts live a good life. I believe we will have a nice future. Li Hua 3. Good morning, ladies and gentlemen, Some of us are having problems about our parents, as they often look into our school bags or read our diaries. I fully understand why we are comfortable about it, but it is no need to feel too sadly. Our parents are checking in our bags or diaries to make sure we’re not getting into troubles. They have probably heard of some horrible stories about other kids and thinking we might do the same. Or perhaps they just want to connect with us and are doing it all wrong. My suggestion is: Tell them we want them to trust us as many as we’d like to trust them. If you don’t think you can talk to them, write them a letter and leave it lie around --- they are bound to read it. Thank you! 4. We spend two weeks in London last year. We went there in the autumn .We think it is the best season to visit England. The weather is usually good but there aren’t too many tourists in October. We stayed in a small h otel in the West End .It was convenient as we did most of our traveling by foot. We went to look at the places where all tourists see. We saw Buckingham Palace and the National Gallery. We went to shopping in Oxford Street and spent too many money .What we liked most, though, was going to theatre. We don’t have the chance to see so wonderful plays at home .A lot of people say English food is very badly. We didn’t think so. It’s true that most of the restaurants are French or Italian or Chinese, but we had some very good meal.
中考英语专题：主谓一致考点讲解和
2011届中考英语专题复习十：主谓一致考点讲解和训练 【考点直击】 1.语法一致的原则 2.意义一致的原则 3.邻近一致的原则 【名师点睛】 谓语受主语支配，须和主语在人称和数上保持一致，这叫做主谓一致。主谓一致一般遵循三条原则：语法一致原则，意义一致原则和就近一致原则。 1.语法一致的原则 （1）以单数名词或代词，动词不定式短语作主语时，谓语动词要用单数;主语为复数时，谓语用复数，例如： He goes to school early every morning. The children are playing outside. To work hard is necessary for a student. （2）由and或both……and连接的并列成分作主语时，谓语动词用复数。例如：Both he and I are right. Mr Black and Mrs Black have a son called Tom. 但并列主语如果指的是同一人，同一事物或同一概念，谓语动词用单数。例如： His teacher and friend is a beautiful girl. The poet and writer has come.
（3）由and连接的并列单数主语之前如果分别由each,every修饰时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。例如： Inourcountryeveryboyandeverygirlhastherighttoreceiveeducation.Each man and each woman is asked to help. （4）主语是单数时，尽管后面跟有but,except,besides,with等介词短语，谓语动词仍用单数。例如： The teacher with his students is going to visit the museum. Nobody but two boys was late for class. Bread and butter is a daily food in the west. （5）一些只有复数形式的名词，如people,police,cattle,clothes等作主语时，谓语动词要用复数。例如： A lot of people are dancing outside. The police are looking for lost boy. （6）由each, some, any, no, every构成的复合代词作主语时，谓语动词都用单数。 例如： Is everybody ready? Somebody is using the phone. （7）有两部分构成的物体的名词，如glasses, shoes, trousers, chopsticks,scissors等作主语时，谓语动词用复数。例如： Where are my shoes? I can’t find them. Your trousers are dirty. You’d better change them. 如果这类名词前用了a pair of等，则往往用作单数，谓语动词的单复数形式往往取决于pair的单复数形式。例如：
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文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改. 增加：在缺词处增加个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词. 删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉. 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词. 注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分. 2016年高考英语短文改错专项训练1
1. I can’t swim b ut I have a strong fear of water. Look back at my childhood, I think that three reasons might explain fear. Firstly, I am not allowed to go near the water when I was a child, as my mother had an unreasonable fear of it. Therefore, I was taught to see to the water as something danger. Secondly, my eyes became bad when I was five. If I took off my glass in the water, I couldn’t see something, and this increased my fear. What’s worse, for a child I once saw a neighbor drowned. Since then I have been more frighte ning. 2. Boys and girls, May I have your attention, please? I have anything important to tell you. Next Sunday afternoon , our class was going to hold an English story-telling competition in lecture hall. Everybody is required to take part in the activity. Two foreign teacher will be invited to act as judges. The activity will benefit from you in many ways. For example, it will give us a good chance to practicing your oral English and train your communication skills. However, it will inspire your interest at English. The requirements are as follows. First, the story can be original. That is, the story must be made up by yourself. Second, the story must be . presented in English. Finally, your story must be finished within three minutes. That’s all, thank you 3. Dear Jack, I am pleasing to hear from you and know that you had a greatly time working part-time in a fast-food restaurant. Now I would like to share your working experiences with you during the past summer. In the beginning of the summer vacation, I was hired as shopping guide in a big supermarket. I stood for ten hours a day and smiled to everyone I have met. Sometimes I was laughed at, and most of the time, I was praised for my wonderful works by many people. Half a month passed quickly after I knew it, and I learned how to deal with different people. Above all, I have learned that smile is the key to solve any problem. Best wishes, Yours Sincerely, Li Ming