高中英语句子种类语法PPT课件
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初高中衔接 英语句子成分 课件(共36张PPT)
二、谓语 谓语在主语后，只能由动词充当
谓语是对主语动作的陈述和说明，一般在主语之后。表明主语“做
什么”、“是什么”、“怎么样”。有时态、语态的变化，与主语在人
称和数上保持一致。
He likes cold milk. He works hard.
简单谓语
I shall answer your questions after class.
we should do exercise every day.
名词短语 代词
动名词 不定式 宾语从句
四、表语 表语是说明主语「是什么」或「怎么样」的词语，也可以说是说 明主语的情况，或者主语状态的词语。 表语放在连系动词后。 Lily is a Chinese girl. 名词 Five and five is ten. 数词 Mr. Li is over there. 介词 The book is mine. 代词 She looks beautiful in white. 形容词 This is where I first met him. 从句
What is 连系动词？ （1）be动词：am，is，are，was，were （2）感官动词：look，smell，sound，taste，feel （3）变化动词：become，get，go，grow，turn （+adj. 译为“变得”） （4）保持：keep，stay，remain （+adj. 译为“保持”） （5）无实义动词：seem，prove，appear （+adj. 无实际含义，功能类比be动词，译为“是”）
一、主语 主语是一个句子的主题，是句子表达的主体。表示句子所说是“什 么人”“什么事”是动作的发出者。 主语放在谓语动词前 American country music becomes more and more popular. 名词 We often speak English in class. 代词 One-third of the students in this class are girls. 数词 To swim in the river is a great pleasure. 不定式 Smoking does harm to the health. 动名词 When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.
高中基础语法知识--英语句子种类 共14张PPT
二、 委婉陈述人们在陈述事实的时候，为了礼貌或者为了在说话时留有余地，常常在说话时采用委婉陈述方 be, I think, too much for him. 我想那会使他受不了的。
（二）采用情态动词或半助动词来软化口气 He might be right. 他也许是对的。 She seems to be unhappy. 她似乎不快活。
Don't let him go. / Let him not go. 别让他走。
感叹句: what和how引导的感叹句
一、由感叹词what引导的感叹句。(修饰名词) 1.What+a/an+（形容词）+单数可数名词+主语+谓语！
如: What a fine day it is! 2. What+(形容词）+可数名词复数或不可数名词+主语+谓语!
疑问句： 分为一般疑问句和特殊疑问句
一般疑问句：be动词/助动词/情态动词开头的疑问句。 回答：yes/no。 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句。 回答：根据相关的句子意思进行相应的回答即可。
将陈述句变为 一般疑问句
1.带be动词的陈述句： she is a student 注意：I am a student
2.表转折关系的 but, however，while，still, yet The film is not perfect,still,it's good.
3.表选择关系的 or, either...or..., not...but... Take the chance,or you will regret it.
英语中千变万化的句子归根结底都是由以上五种基本句型组合、扩展、变化而来的
（二）采用情态动词或半助动词来软化口气 He might be right. 他也许是对的。 She seems to be unhappy. 她似乎不快活。
Don't let him go. / Let him not go. 别让他走。
感叹句: what和how引导的感叹句
一、由感叹词what引导的感叹句。(修饰名词) 1.What+a/an+（形容词）+单数可数名词+主语+谓语！
如: What a fine day it is! 2. What+(形容词）+可数名词复数或不可数名词+主语+谓语!
疑问句： 分为一般疑问句和特殊疑问句
一般疑问句：be动词/助动词/情态动词开头的疑问句。 回答：yes/no。 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句。 回答：根据相关的句子意思进行相应的回答即可。
将陈述句变为 一般疑问句
1.带be动词的陈述句： she is a student 注意：I am a student
2.表转折关系的 but, however，while，still, yet The film is not perfect,still,it's good.
3.表选择关系的 or, either...or..., not...but... Take the chance,or you will regret it.
英语中千变万化的句子归根结底都是由以上五种基本句型组合、扩展、变化而来的
高中英语句子成分总结(共87张PPT)
The play has three acts.
This is her first trip to Europe. (代词、数词、不定式)
China is a developing country. (现在分词)
I have nothing to eat. (不定式)
Those who want to go to Tibet are to sign their names here. (定语从句)
school. ② She found it difficult to do the work. ③ They call me Lily sometimes. ④ I saw Mr. Wang get on the bus.
指出下列句中的状语 ①There was a big smile on her face. ②Every night he heard the noise
句子成分 与句子基本类型
句子
句子是由词按照一定的语法结构组成 的, 是表达一个完整概念的语言单位。
句子开头的第一个字母要大写；结尾 要有句号“.”、问号“?”或感叹号 “﹗”。
Tom likes rock music.
What are you doing now?
How beautiful it is！
(结果状语) Tsinhgeisntgudaenndtsdacnamcinegi.n(t伴o t随he状cl语as)sroom, If he goes, so will I. (条件状语)
句子成分之 同位语 放在名词后面, 与前面的名词指的是
同一人或物。代词、名词、数词和从 句都可以做同位语。
There is a baby. 这里有个小孩。
This is her first trip to Europe. (代词、数词、不定式)
China is a developing country. (现在分词)
I have nothing to eat. (不定式)
Those who want to go to Tibet are to sign their names here. (定语从句)
school. ② She found it difficult to do the work. ③ They call me Lily sometimes. ④ I saw Mr. Wang get on the bus.
指出下列句中的状语 ①There was a big smile on her face. ②Every night he heard the noise
句子成分 与句子基本类型
句子
句子是由词按照一定的语法结构组成 的, 是表达一个完整概念的语言单位。
句子开头的第一个字母要大写；结尾 要有句号“.”、问号“?”或感叹号 “﹗”。
Tom likes rock music.
What are you doing now?
How beautiful it is！
(结果状语) Tsinhgeisntgudaenndtsdacnamcinegi.n(t伴o t随he状cl语as)sroom, If he goes, so will I. (条件状语)
句子成分之 同位语 放在名词后面, 与前面的名词指的是
同一人或物。代词、名词、数词和从 句都可以做同位语。
There is a baby. 这里有个小孩。
上外版2020高中英语必修第一册Unit-2单元语法课件(句子成份及简单句五种类型)
3 定语用在主宾前，谓前为状谓后为补
4 还有助词的地得，帮助区分定状补
主 语
The sun rises in the east.
名词
Twenty years is a short time in history. 数词
He likes dancing.
代词
Seeing is believing.
动名词
To see is to believe. What he needs is a book.
不定式 主语从句
It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree.
It 作形式主语
可以做主语的有：名词，数词，代词，动名词 不定式，主语从句，It （形式主语）
名词 数词 代词 形容词 副词 介词
The boys playing football are in Class 2. 现在分词
The trees planted last year are growing 过去
well now.
分词
The girl that has yellow hair is my sisiter.
三、主语+及物动词+宾语
S+Vt+O
谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动作。
谓语动词不能表达完整的意思，必须跟一个宾语
这类动词叫及物动词
Eg：Who knows the answer？
双宾 语
结构
Mr Johnson taught us German last year. Mother told me an interesting story last night. Would you please pass me the dictionary.. He showed the ticket to the conductor.
高中英语语法汇总课件(共184张PPT)
Eg. Either my father or my brothers are coming. Either my brothers or my father is coming. 3.2 there be 的存在句型中,主谓一致采用“就近原则”
Eg. There are desk. There is desk.
Eg. What caused the accident is a complete mestery. 2.6 不定式和动名词做主语,谓语动词用单数.
就近原则
3.1 遇到or, nor, either…or…, neither… nor…, not only… but also…等,谓语动词采用“就近原则”.
My husband, ,more than anyone else in the family, is anxious to go there again.
1.6 主语 + as well as /in addition to /with /along with /together with /execpt, 谓语动词形式随主语本身而定.(考 点:通常主语是单数第三人称, 所以谓语用单数) Eg. The father, as well as his son,is going to travel.
Eg. He is the only one of those boys who is willing to help the little girl.
1.5 主语 + as mush as /rather than /more than /no less than, 谓语动词形式视主语本身单复数而定.(考点:通常该主语是 单数第三人称, 所以谓语用单数) Eg. His brother rather than his parents is to blame.
Eg. There are desk. There is desk.
Eg. What caused the accident is a complete mestery. 2.6 不定式和动名词做主语,谓语动词用单数.
就近原则
3.1 遇到or, nor, either…or…, neither… nor…, not only… but also…等,谓语动词采用“就近原则”.
My husband, ,more than anyone else in the family, is anxious to go there again.
1.6 主语 + as well as /in addition to /with /along with /together with /execpt, 谓语动词形式随主语本身而定.(考 点:通常主语是单数第三人称, 所以谓语用单数) Eg. The father, as well as his son,is going to travel.
Eg. He is the only one of those boys who is willing to help the little girl.
1.5 主语 + as mush as /rather than /more than /no less than, 谓语动词形式视主语本身单复数而定.(考点:通常该主语是 单数第三人称, 所以谓语用单数) Eg. His brother rather than his parents is to blame.
高中英语语法-句子成分讲解课件
句子分类 简单句 复合句 并列复合句 主从复合句
五大基本句型 主谓 主系表 主谓宾 主谓宾宾补 主谓间宾直宾
2.2 谓语
定义：主语的动作或主语所具的特征和状态, 一般在主语之后。
2.2 谓语
I can swim.
She has finished the homework 分类 简单谓语：由一个动词I 或do动n’词t 短lik语e a构pp成les.
He likes reading.
复合谓语： 情态动词或其他助动词+动词原形
the parade.
形容词
He followed the order to walk along the street. 动词不定式
2 总结：句子成分
句子成分
主语 谓语 宾语 宾语补足语
表语
定语 状语
同位语
3.句子分类
My brother and I like apples.(并列主语) I like apples and dislike bananas.(并列谓语)
形容词 现在分词 过去分词
动词不定式 介词短语 副词 名词
2.5表语
定义：又叫主语补足语。 用于说明主语的身份、特征或状态。 一般位于系动词之后。
2.5表语
作表语的成分 I am a student It's hers. Time is precious. The war was over. Five plus two is seven. They seem to know the truth My hobby is reading.
介词短语
I waited to see you.
动词不定式
His parents died,leaving him an orphan. 分词 He was late because he got up late. 从句
五大基本句型 主谓 主系表 主谓宾 主谓宾宾补 主谓间宾直宾
2.2 谓语
定义：主语的动作或主语所具的特征和状态, 一般在主语之后。
2.2 谓语
I can swim.
She has finished the homework 分类 简单谓语：由一个动词I 或do动n’词t 短lik语e a构pp成les.
He likes reading.
复合谓语： 情态动词或其他助动词+动词原形
the parade.
形容词
He followed the order to walk along the street. 动词不定式
2 总结：句子成分
句子成分
主语 谓语 宾语 宾语补足语
表语
定语 状语
同位语
3.句子分类
My brother and I like apples.(并列主语) I like apples and dislike bananas.(并列谓语)
形容词 现在分词 过去分词
动词不定式 介词短语 副词 名词
2.5表语
定义：又叫主语补足语。 用于说明主语的身份、特征或状态。 一般位于系动词之后。
2.5表语
作表语的成分 I am a student It's hers. Time is precious. The war was over. Five plus two is seven. They seem to know the truth My hobby is reading.
介词短语
I waited to see you.
动词不定式
His parents died,leaving him an orphan. 分词 He was late because he got up late. 从句
高中英语语法大全ppt课件
1.Everybody could see what happened and that Tom was frightened.(and连接两个宾语从句，that宾语从句放在and的后面 时，that不能省略。)大家都会看出所发生的事情并知道Tom非常 害怕。
2.know nothing about him except that he is from the south.(that引 导的宾语从句作介词宾语时，that不能省略。)对他我一无所知， 只知道他是南方人。 3.That he ever said such a thing I simply don’t believe.(that从句位于 句首时，that不可省略。)我简直不相信他曾说过这样的话。
have been doing/
1)不定式的一般式 不定式的一般式所表示的动作通常与主要谓语的 动作同时或几乎同时发生，或是在它之后发生。如：They invited us to go there this summer.他们邀请我们今年夏天去那儿。He stood aside for me to pass.他站到一边让我通过。
注：从属连词if一般不用来引导表语从句，但 as if却可引导表语从句，如：All this was over twenty years ago , but it's as if it was only yesterday. 这都是20多年前的事了，但宛如昨天一样。
4
能跟表语从句的谓语动词一般为系动词be,seem,look等。 如：It looked as if it was going to rain.看起来天要下雨了。 (3)连接代词who , whom , whose , what , which , whoever , whatever , where ,whichever 连接副词 。如：The problem is who we can get to replace her.问题是我们能找到谁去替 换她呢。The question is how he did it.问题是他是如何做此 事的。That was what she did this morning on reaching the attic.那就是她今晨上了阁楼干的。
2.know nothing about him except that he is from the south.(that引 导的宾语从句作介词宾语时，that不能省略。)对他我一无所知， 只知道他是南方人。 3.That he ever said such a thing I simply don’t believe.(that从句位于 句首时，that不可省略。)我简直不相信他曾说过这样的话。
have been doing/
1)不定式的一般式 不定式的一般式所表示的动作通常与主要谓语的 动作同时或几乎同时发生，或是在它之后发生。如：They invited us to go there this summer.他们邀请我们今年夏天去那儿。He stood aside for me to pass.他站到一边让我通过。
注：从属连词if一般不用来引导表语从句，但 as if却可引导表语从句，如：All this was over twenty years ago , but it's as if it was only yesterday. 这都是20多年前的事了，但宛如昨天一样。
4
能跟表语从句的谓语动词一般为系动词be,seem,look等。 如：It looked as if it was going to rain.看起来天要下雨了。 (3)连接代词who , whom , whose , what , which , whoever , whatever , where ,whichever 连接副词 。如：The problem is who we can get to replace her.问题是我们能找到谁去替 换她呢。The question is how he did it.问题是他是如何做此 事的。That was what she did this morning on reaching the attic.那就是她今晨上了阁楼干的。
高中英语语法-句子成分ppt课件
• Children who live by the sea usually begin to swim at an early age.
定语：限定或修饰名词或相当于名词的词
常由形容词或相当于形容词的短语
或从句担任，形容词位于名词之前
短语或从句置于名词之后。
最新版整理ppt
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句子成分
• The parents named their baby Tony.
谓语
宾语
状语
宾语：及物动词的动作对象和介词所联系
的对象，常由名词或相当于名词的
词担任，位于动词或介词之后
最新版整理ppt
4
句子成分
• My brother teaches English at a school.
主语
谓语
宾语
状语
状语：修饰动词，形容词，副词以及全句
常由副词或相当于副词的词组担任
可置于动词之前或之后
补语：用来补充主语和宾语的意义 一般都着重说明主语或宾语的身份
或特征
最新版整理ppt
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句子基本结构
1. Day dawns. 天亮了。
主语S
谓语V
2. Tom is a professor.
主语S 连系动词L
表语P
最新版. Ruth understands French.
句子成分：主干+枝叶
主、谓、宾（直接宾语和间接宾语）定、状、 补（主补和宾补）、表。
最新版整理ppt
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句子成分
• My brother teaches English at a school.
主语
谓语
宾语
状语
主语：一句话的主体，英语句子中不可
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We are having an English class.
Mr Wang will attend the lecture.
4主. _语__+__谓__语__+_间__宾__+_直__宾__(_S_+__V_+O1+O2)
I teach you English.
He offered me his seat.
e.g. The dish _t_a_s_t_e_s__d_e_li_c_i_o_u_s_.
(尝起来好吃)
The story _s__o_u_n_d_s__i_n_te__re_s_t.ing
(听起来有趣).
基本句型 一
Ｓ +Ｖ +Ｐ（主＋系＋表）
此句型的句子有一个共同的特点：句子谓语动词都 不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份 或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。这 类动词叫做连系动词或系动词。
be动词本身没有什么意义,只起连系主语和表语的 作用。而其它系动词仍保持其部分词义 如:stay,prove,remain,stand等。
2. ___主__语___+__谓___语___(S + V)
Our chalk has run out.
On hearing the news, he cheered. ★高考经常考查的不及物动词:
<2>. “看起来”lo__o_k___,s_e__e_m__,_a_p__p_e_ar
“闻起来” s_m__e__
feel
sound
“摸起来” ______ “听起
★系动词的用法: (注意三点)
+____a_d_j_. ____作表语; 无 __宾__语______; 无 __被__动__语__态__;
advising him15. He commanded that I (should) start at once.
英语句子种类
按句子的结构分为三种:
简单句 (simple sentence) 并列句 (compound sentence) 复合句 (complex sentence)
(一).简单句:
13. directions 14. 事实上，实际上
mon practice 2.frequent visitor 3.Thanks to your timely help
4. The only reason why I went was that 9.There/ It is no use
“发生” _h_a_p__p_e_n___; __o_c_c__u_r___; ta_k_e__p__la_c__e_ ; _c_o_m__e__a_b__out _b_r_e_a_k__o__u_t
“用完,用光”r_u_n__o__u_t_; give out
________.....
★不及宾物语动词的用法:被动语态 无 __________, 无_________
只有一个主语(或并列主语) 和 一个谓语(或并列谓语):
<1>.Tom likes rock music. <2>.Tom and John are fond of
rock music. <3>.Tom sat down at his desk and began to do his homework.
<2>. Do you know what w＼as
happened yesterday? (改错)
基本句型 二
Ｓ +Ｖ（主＋谓）
此句型的句子有一个共同特 点，即句子的谓语动词都能表达 完整的意思。
这类动词叫做不及物动词， 后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状 语从句等。
3. _主__语___+__谓__语__+__宾__语___(_S_+V+O)
1. It is a ___(常见的做法)to call your friends before visiting them. 2. The old lady is a ____(常客)to my house. 3. ___(多亏了你及时的帮助), we accomplished our task on time. 4. ____(我去的唯一的理由是)I wanted to meet your friends. 5. 认不出来 6.精通英语 7.充分利用、不充分利用 8.在……方面起重要的作用 9. 劝告他只是白费力气。
e.g. <1>.“过去的几年里我们学校发生了
很大的变化”
Our school ha(s×ta)ken place
great changes in the last few years.
Gre__a_t_c_h__a_n_g__e_s__h_a_v__e_t_a_k__e_n__p_l_ace
in o__u_r_s__c_h_o__o_l_i_n__th__e__la_s__t_f_e_w__y_.ears.
10. There is no such thing as a free lunch.
11.He was more than surprised when he heard the surprising
news. 12.____(理了发 with….), he looked much younger.
5. _主__语__+_谓__语__+_宾__语__+__宾__补__(_S_+_V+O+C)
We should keep our classroom clean and tidy.
I heard them cheering in the next room.
I saw the window broken.
▲
简单句的 五种基本句型
1. _主__语__+__系__动__词__+_表__语__(_S_+_V__+_P_)
It is getting warmer and warmer.
He looks pretty happy today.
★高考经常考查的系动词:
<1>. “变得” _g_e_t___,b_e_c_o__m_e_, _t_u_r_n___, _g_o_____, _g_r_o_w_...
Mr Wang will attend the lecture.
4主. _语__+__谓__语__+_间__宾__+_直__宾__(_S_+__V_+O1+O2)
I teach you English.
He offered me his seat.
e.g. The dish _t_a_s_t_e_s__d_e_li_c_i_o_u_s_.
(尝起来好吃)
The story _s__o_u_n_d_s__i_n_te__re_s_t.ing
(听起来有趣).
基本句型 一
Ｓ +Ｖ +Ｐ（主＋系＋表）
此句型的句子有一个共同的特点：句子谓语动词都 不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份 或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。这 类动词叫做连系动词或系动词。
be动词本身没有什么意义,只起连系主语和表语的 作用。而其它系动词仍保持其部分词义 如:stay,prove,remain,stand等。
2. ___主__语___+__谓___语___(S + V)
Our chalk has run out.
On hearing the news, he cheered. ★高考经常考查的不及物动词:
<2>. “看起来”lo__o_k___,s_e__e_m__,_a_p__p_e_ar
“闻起来” s_m__e__
feel
sound
“摸起来” ______ “听起
★系动词的用法: (注意三点)
+____a_d_j_. ____作表语; 无 __宾__语______; 无 __被__动__语__态__;
advising him15. He commanded that I (should) start at once.
英语句子种类
按句子的结构分为三种:
简单句 (simple sentence) 并列句 (compound sentence) 复合句 (complex sentence)
(一).简单句:
13. directions 14. 事实上，实际上
mon practice 2.frequent visitor 3.Thanks to your timely help
4. The only reason why I went was that 9.There/ It is no use
“发生” _h_a_p__p_e_n___; __o_c_c__u_r___; ta_k_e__p__la_c__e_ ; _c_o_m__e__a_b__out _b_r_e_a_k__o__u_t
“用完,用光”r_u_n__o__u_t_; give out
________.....
★不及宾物语动词的用法:被动语态 无 __________, 无_________
只有一个主语(或并列主语) 和 一个谓语(或并列谓语):
<1>.Tom likes rock music. <2>.Tom and John are fond of
rock music. <3>.Tom sat down at his desk and began to do his homework.
<2>. Do you know what w＼as
happened yesterday? (改错)
基本句型 二
Ｓ +Ｖ（主＋谓）
此句型的句子有一个共同特 点，即句子的谓语动词都能表达 完整的意思。
这类动词叫做不及物动词， 后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状 语从句等。
3. _主__语___+__谓__语__+__宾__语___(_S_+V+O)
1. It is a ___(常见的做法)to call your friends before visiting them. 2. The old lady is a ____(常客)to my house. 3. ___(多亏了你及时的帮助), we accomplished our task on time. 4. ____(我去的唯一的理由是)I wanted to meet your friends. 5. 认不出来 6.精通英语 7.充分利用、不充分利用 8.在……方面起重要的作用 9. 劝告他只是白费力气。
e.g. <1>.“过去的几年里我们学校发生了
很大的变化”
Our school ha(s×ta)ken place
great changes in the last few years.
Gre__a_t_c_h__a_n_g__e_s__h_a_v__e_t_a_k__e_n__p_l_ace
in o__u_r_s__c_h_o__o_l_i_n__th__e__la_s__t_f_e_w__y_.ears.
10. There is no such thing as a free lunch.
11.He was more than surprised when he heard the surprising
news. 12.____(理了发 with….), he looked much younger.
5. _主__语__+_谓__语__+_宾__语__+__宾__补__(_S_+_V+O+C)
We should keep our classroom clean and tidy.
I heard them cheering in the next room.
I saw the window broken.
▲
简单句的 五种基本句型
1. _主__语__+__系__动__词__+_表__语__(_S_+_V__+_P_)
It is getting warmer and warmer.
He looks pretty happy today.
★高考经常考查的系动词:
<1>. “变得” _g_e_t___,b_e_c_o__m_e_, _t_u_r_n___, _g_o_____, _g_r_o_w_...