2019-2020同步外研英语选修七新突破课时分层作业：8 Section Ⅲ、Ⅳ
课时分层作业(八) Section Ⅲ、Ⅳ[语言知识练习固基础]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．The method seems good，but it needs to be tried out．2．While walking(walk) along the street，I heard my name called.3．We are trying to form a harmonious(harmony) society to meet people's need.4．Please keep your things together.They are not in good order.5. I'll just get these dishes washed(wash) and then I'll come.6．The judge praised the firefighters for their bravery and devotion(devote) to duty.7．It's difficult to keep pace with the rapid change of the situations.8．Far from helping(help) the situation，you have just made it worse.9．We tried in vain to persuade him not to smoke，and he continued to smoke when we were not at home.10．I love sailing on the lake.It's so refreshing (refresh) to feel the wind in my hair and water on my face.Ⅱ.单句改错1．The singer told us that her new album would be come out the next month.去掉be 2．Every effort has been devoted to study the origin of cancer.study→studying 3．I advised him to think twice before deciding to quit from school.去掉from 4．Misunderstanding arisen from the lack of communication can be cleared up.arisen→arising 5．She encourages us to think carefully every time when she puts forward questions.去掉when[高考题型练习提能力]Ⅰ.阅读理解AKendrick Lamar，who was born on June 17，1987 in Compton，California，has won the 2018 Pulitzer Prize for Music.He is the first winner who is not a classical or jazz musician.Columbia University awards the music prizes each year，which are a great mar also got $15，000.Farah Griffin，a teacher at the school，was in the group that picked Lamar's album for the Pulitzer Prize.“It's big for hip hop.I think it's also big for our country and for music，”she said，“But it's big for the Pulitzer Prize，too.”Lamar's album is called “DAMN”，which includes words that adults may not want kids to hear.He uses rhymes to tell stories about black life.His songs are about race，social justice and problems with police.But they are also about love and hope.Music experts love the album.Music buyers do，too.That is something new as past Pulitzer Prize winners have been loved by experts，but they have not always sold a lot of albums.Griffin said she thought some people “wouldn't like the idea”of giving the prize to a rapper.She thought some might be angry.But she was surprised.“I haven't heard a lot of that，”she said.Regina Carter was also in the group that picked the album.“If a work is great enough，you can't deny(否认)it，”she said.The first Pulitzer Prizes were given in 1917，and music started to be honored in 1943.Awards used to go only to writers of classical music because it is more formal and it came from Europe.The Pulitzer Prizes have not always honored AfricanAmerican musicians.Some wanted to give a special prize in 1965 to Duke Ellington，who was a great jazz artist，but he did not get a Pulitzer.A prize did not go to a jazz work until 1997.There is now more popular music among the prizes.LinManuel Miranda wrote the hip hop musical “Hamilton” and he won the Pulitzer Prize for Drama in 2016.【语篇解读】 本文是记叙文。
文章介绍了在2018年获得普利策音乐奖的说唱歌手——肯德里克·拉马尔。
1．What can we learn about Lamar from the text?A．He put out his first album in 2018.B．He learned hip hop from Farah Griffin.C．He is a graduate of Columbia University.D．He has made history by winning a Pulitzer Prize.D [细节理解题。
根据第一段中的He is the first winner who is not a classical or jazz musician可知，肯德里克·拉马尔是第一个荣获普利策音乐奖的说唱歌手，所以他创造了历史。
]2．What is special about Lamar's album “DAMN”？A．It is a bad seller.B．It is given a great honor.C．It is unaccepted by adults.D．It aims to tell his own stories.B [细节理解题。
根据第四段的内容可知，肯德里克·拉马尔的专辑“DAMN”不仅获得了专家的认可，而且在市场上非常畅销，由此可知，人们非常认可他的专辑。
]3．What made Griffin surprised?A．Other music experts' opposition.B．Some people being angry with rappers.C．People's attitude toward Lamar's winning.D．Regina Carter not wanting to pick “DAMN”C [推理判断题。
根据倒数第三段的内容可知，Griffin以为让一位说唱歌手获得普利策音乐奖会使有些人生气，但是事实并非如此，大家对他获奖一事持支持态度，这让Griffin很惊讶。
]4．Why did the author mention LinManuel Miranda?A．To speak highly of hip hop musicians.B．To introduce a worldfamous popular star.C．To show the Pulitzer Prize has changed over time.D．To present the winner of the Pulitzer Prize for Drama.C [推理判断题。
根据最后一段中的Awards used to go only to writers of classical music及There is now more popular music among the prizes...won the PulitzerPrize for Drama in 2016可知，以前的普利策音乐奖都是颁给古典乐的，而随着时代的进步，越来越多的流行音乐也获此殊荣，作者提到创作嘻哈音乐的LinManuel Miranda获得普利策戏剧奖是为了说明普利策奖在随着时代的进步而变化。
2019-2020同步外研英语选修八新突破课时分层作业7+Learning+about+Langua
课时分层作业(七)[语言知识练习固基础]单句语法填空1．We must value the time at class.Every second counts(count)．2．The president's visit established a link between the two countries.3．We should treat the treasures that our ancestors(ancestor) left us carefully.4．There is no doubt that what matters(matter) is not the speed, but the quality of the product.5．John, as well as his parents, has(have) been to Sanya during their holidays.6．The problem should be solved instantly(instant)．7．A girl lay on the ground，her face barely recognisable (recognise)．8．The problem he raised yesterday is under debate.9．The way out lies in education.10．The blind can not tell light from darkness.[高考题型练习提能力]Ⅰ.阅读理解Much has been written about the differences between British English and American English.French French and Quebec French have a similar relationship.However，nothing quite matches Australian English for its lively colorful phrases.Some words and expressions are quite naturally taken from British slang.Some words have completely more different meanings in Australia than in Anglophone countries north of the Equator.A number of commonly-used words have been shortened considerably.Other words are indigenous (本土的) to Australia and derived from Aboriginal terms，such as “boomerang”and “kangaroo”．In general，however，the wonderful slang of Australian English is primarily because Australians take English as a game to be played，and they love to have fun with it.Some of the words and expressions are readily understandable but others can be incredibly obscure in their meanings and derivations.In addition to the slang, Australian pronunciation can be peculiar．To the casual listener it sounds similar to Cockney pronunciation，but it differs in many ways.Australian speech also tends to be more contracted，with some sounds and even entire syllables omitted.Australian pronunciation has slight regional variations，and city speech tends to be faster than country speech.Some oversimplified rules of Australian speech are to speak slightly nasally，to contract any word of more than 2 syllables and to convert terms into diminutives wherever possible.Most obvious in Australian speech are the “I”sound for “A”and “Ah”for “R”．These can best be illustrated with exa mples of pronunciations such as “egg nishner” ＝“air conditioner”，“G'dye，myte”＝“Good day，mate”“Strine”＝“Australian”，or “Wyne chevva cold share”＝“Why don't you have a cold shower”，(American English has some similar examples，as in the phrase“Jeet jet”＝“Did you eat yet？”)．In general, the differences in Australian English are more amusing than irritating，despite the occasional confusion that may result.Give it a burl！(＝Please have a try! )【语篇解读】这篇文章主要讲的是澳大利亚英语的不同之处。
20192020同步外研英语选修七新突破课时分层作业：5sectionⅰ、ⅱ版含解析
课时分层作业(五) Section Ⅰ、Ⅱ[语言知识练习固基础]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1. Charles Dickens was a great novelist(novel) in British history and wrote lots of works.2．Some experts have spoken in support of the ban of drunk driving.3．To keep healthy(health)，there are at least three things we can do every day.4．The children eagerly(eager) learn something new from the teacher every day.5．He lay in bed alone with his eyes staring(stare) at the ceiling，thinking about what happened in the day.6．How beautifully she sings! I have never heard a better(good) voice.7．My relative has three part-time jobs，because he has a wife and three children to feed(feed)．8．His cruelty(cruel) to the cat in the video made the netizens quite angry.9．It's easy to pick out my car from others in the parking lot; it has a picture of Mickey Mouse on the back.．10．Mary was presented with a gold medal as a reward for her good service(serve)Ⅱ.单句改错(每句仅有1处错误)1．No sooner had the teacher finished her speech when the students started cheering.when→than 2．I hammered a tack (大头钉) into the wall and hanged a small picture from it.hanged→hung 3．Butterflies feed with the flowers of garden plants.with→on 4．They sat on the sofa，talking in whisper.in后加a或whisper→whispers 5．Not until I got home I realize I'd lost my wallet.home之后加did[高考题型练习提能力]Ⅰ.阅读理解Mo Yan has become the first Chinese citizen to winthe Nobel Prize in Literature in 2012 for his work Frogs.Many got to know of Mo through directorZhang Yimou's film，Red Sorghum(《红高粱》)．It wasadapted from his 1986 novel of the same name and filmed inGaomi，bringing to life a visual landscape of red sorghum fields and a fiery setting sun.His most famous works include Big Breasts and Wide Hips，Sandalwood Penalty and the 1985 novel R edTransparent Radish.Mo dropped out of school and became a cattle herder when he was a child.At 20，he left his hometown and joined the army.Mo left the army in 1997 and gradually developed a writing style of his own.Gaomi County is where most of Mo's stories happen.It's a place that has inspired him throughout his 31-year writing career.“I grew up in an environment full of folk culture，which comes into my novels when I pick up a pen to write.This has definitely affected，even decided，my works' artistic style，”Mo told a group of reporters in his hometown of Gaomi，Shandong，shortly after he won the award.“I really didn't see this coming，”Lu Jiande，director of the Institute of Literature at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences，told 21st Century.“I know Mo Yan pretty w ell and one thing a lot of people don't kno w is ho w beautiful his w ords are.His w riting is surprisingly beautiful.In his w riting，he can make w ords live and breathing，”Lu said.“He is far ahead of other Chinese in the sense that he takes the critical perspective inside first，starting from criticizing himself instead of the outside w orld.”Some critics point out that Mo's w orks have a tendency to w ard vulgarity (粗俗)．In an interview w ith South China Morning Post，Professor Xiao Ying of Tsinghua Univ ersity said “the aw ard is out of my expectation，as Mo Yan's w orks are still short of the idealism of pursuing humanity，w hich marks previous Nobel literature prize w inners”．【语篇解读】 本文对莫言及其作品和外界对其作品的评价作了简要介绍。
2019-2020同步人教英语新课标选修七课时分层作业：8 Section Ⅱ
课时分层作业(八) Section Ⅱ[语言知识练习固基础]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．He got up and dragged (drag) his chair towards the table.2．He ran towards the seaside and dived into the water.3．He spent six months in prison before fleeing (flee) the country.4．When I saw him last time，he was in the depth (deep) of despair about losing his parents.5．Abandoned (abandon) to smoking，he suffered from lung cancer.6．It was once a time when I had no interest in study and wanted to drop out of school.7．He was about to say something more when a boy rushed in，gun in hand.8．The man anxiously urged the taxi driver to drive (drive) faster so that he could catch up with the last flight.9．Mr Watson earns $20，000 annually (annual)，which supports the whole family expenses.10．The lawyer was questioning the old man who was one of the witnesses(witness) of the murder committed last week.Ⅱ.完成句子1．随着考试的来临，老师敦促我们努力学习。
2019-2020同步外研英语必修二新突破课时分层作业：8 Module 4 Section Ⅲ、Ⅳ Word版含解析
课时分层作业(八) Section Ⅲ、Ⅳ[语言知识练习固基础]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1. Tony and Sara had put off their wedding ceremony until September.2．He asked each of us to describe how alcohol had affected our lives in turn.3．From his facial expression(express), we can see he is very happy.4．He sent a series of stamps to me as my birthday gift.5．The destructive(destroy) power of modern weapons was far beyond our imagination.6．The students were taken to the exhibition(exhibit) of advanced technology on Sunday.7. I regret to tell(tell) you that you are not invited to the meeting to be held next week.8．She thanked me, and told me she wished to see(see) me again.9．Try knocking(knock) at the back door and see whether he is in or not.10．You may have trouble sleeping(sleep) if you have a heavy meal just before you go to bed.Ⅱ.完成句子1．你认为我们英语老师的课怎么样？What do you think of our English teacher's lessons？(think)2．由于天气不好，运动会将被推迟到下周。
2019-2020同步外研英语选修七新突破课时分层作业11 Section+Ⅰ、Ⅱ+Word版含解析
课时分层作业(十一)Section Ⅰ、Ⅱ[语言知识练习固基础]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．At minus 130℃，a living cell can be preserved(preserve) for a thousand years.2．He was there at the request of his manager.3．One of her fellow passengers came to her assistance(assist) when she was in trouble.4．Not only his parents but also he is(be) going to attend the party.5．When you are in danger，the important thing is never to keep calm.6．The doctor recommended that the patient (should) be fed(feed) liquid food.7．Based on the agreement(agree)，all payments shall be made by the end of the month.8．Immigrants have contributed to British culture.9．Apart from providing(provide) financial aid，the company also cooperate with the small factory.10．Those girls' behavior is difficult to understand(understand)．What are they aiming at?Ⅱ.单句改错(每句仅有1处错误)1．Our few measures contributed to preserve animals without effect.preserve→preserving 2．He made a proposal that we will raise all the people's awareness of protecting the environment.will去掉或改为should 3．The boy was requested to going boating with his schoolmates.going→go 4．As far as I'm concerned，your advice is of great useful to my study.useful→use 5．Not only his classmates but also his teacher think highly of him.think→thinks[高考题型练习提能力]Ⅰ.阅读理解Dussehra is one of the main festivals of India.It is mainly celebrated by Hindus around September or October.The celebration of Dussehra continues for almost ten days in some parts of India.The festival celebrates the victory of good over evil(邪恶)．Lord Rama killed Ravana because he had taken Sita，Rama's wife，away by force.Hanuman helped Lord Rama to reach the kingdom of Ravana and save Sita from his captivity(监禁)．Hanuman set Ravana's kingdom on fire with his tail.Lord Rama had a fierce battle with Ravana and finally managed to kill him.Therefore，this day is celebrated as Dussehra.Ram Lila is an important part of Dussehra.It is organized at different places.Different events from the life of Lord Rama are made into plays and presented on stage.The actors play the roles of Lord Rama，Sita，Hanuman，Ravana and other characters from Ramayana，a great long poem telling of the adventures of Rama.Parents usually take their children to watch such plays.It is a big source of amusement during this festival.Sometimes，a fair is organized alongside for the event.People can enjoy tasty food and delightful rides.On Dussehra，people decorate their houses and make sweets and other delicious foods.They love to wear new clothes on this day.On the day of Dussehra，huge models of Ravana，Kumbhakarna and Meghnad are put up.These models are filled with crackers(爆竹)．In the evening，the public gathers around these models at a distance.Then，the person who performs the role of Rama shoots a fiery arrow(燃烧着的箭)at Ravana and the models start burning one by one.The crackers inside these models start bursting with a loud noise.In no time，the models are turned into ashes.People happily return to their homes and exchange greetings with each other.The day teaches us an important lesson that good always wins and evil loses.【语篇解读】本文是说明文。
2019-2020同步外研英语选修七新突破课时分层作业：1 Section Ⅰ、Ⅱ
课时分层作业(一)Section Ⅰ、Ⅱ[语言知识练习固基础]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．What is the difference between an amateur team and a professional(profession) team?2．A child has the right to grow up in a healthful and caring environment.3．When he was in danger，two friends came to his defence(defend)．4．Edison was the first scientist to build(build) a modern research and development center.5．The stronger the motivation(motivate)，the more quickly a person will learn a foreign language.6．The firemen rescued a baby from the burning house at the risk of their lives.7．These gifts made by hand are more valued/valuable(value) than the ones bought in stores.8．We must preserve our forests and woodlands for future generations(generation)．9．Talented(talent) as he is，he does not work hard.10．There is much doubt whether China's post-90s generation is strawberry generation.Ⅱ.单句改错(每小题仅有一处错误)1．Let us respond.Let us rise as one man in the defence of our motherland.去掉the 2．I can't go out with you tonight because I have an urgent thing to attend.attend后加to 3．The old doctor deserved be honoured for a lifetime of unselfish work.be前加to 4．I would be the last to attempting to answer the question.attempting→attempt 5．Above average，Mr.Kelly works out four days a week for at least an hour at a time.Above→On[高考题型练习提能力]Ⅰ.阅读理解A good cry can often make us feel better.Now，a new study has suggested that the benefits of crying depend totally on the what，where and when of a particular cry.The University of South Florida psychologists Jonathan Rottenberg and Lauren Bylsma，with their colleagues analyzed the detailed accounts of more than 3，000 crying experiences.The researchers found that most of the participants (参与者) reported improvements in their mood after crying.However，one third of the survey participants reported no improvement in mood and a tenth felt worse after crying.The survey also showed that criers who received social support during their crying were the most likely to feel better.Studies have not always produced a clear picture of the benefits of crying，because the results often seem to depend on how crying is studied.The researchers noted several challenges in accurately studying crying behavior in a laboratory.V olunteers who cry in a laboratory setting often do not describe their experiences as making them feel better.Rather，crying in a laboratory setting often results in the study participants feeling worse；this may be due to the stressful conditions of the study，such as being recorded or watched by research assistants.However，these laboratory studies have provided interesting findings about the physical effects of crying.Criers do show calming effects，but they also experience a lot of unpleasant stress.What is interesting is that bodily calming usually lasts longer than the unpleasant arousal (激发)．The calming effects may occur later and overcome the stress reaction.This would explain why people tend to remember mostly the pleasant side of crying.Research has shown that the effects of crying also depend on who is weeping tears.For example，individuals with anxiety are least likely to experience the positive effects of crying.Also，the researchers found that people who lack insight (洞察力) into their emotional lives actually feel worse after crying.【语篇解读】一项有关哭的最新研究表明：哭后情绪是否好转完全取决于哭的原因、哭的地点以及哭的时间。
2019-2020同步外研英语选修九新突破课时分层作业+8+Word版含解析
课时分层作业(八)Ⅰ.单词拼写1．The chart shows an up________(趋势) of meat prices.2．The parents________(记录) every step of their child's development.3．So far Internet has become the main channel through which the computer________(病毒) spread.4．Sometimes an________(附件) with a nice name in your mail can be very dangerous.5．If your computer shows such information, it warns you that you are________(感染)．6．The young teacher infected the whole class with her________(热情)．7．Patience combined with________(勤奋) is necessary to success.8．Soon he was________(淹没，消失) up in the noisy crowd.9．He has finished the reading of the book, but he has not________(消化) it.10．England is________(接壤) on the north by Scotland.【答案】 1.trend 2.documented 3.viruses 4.attachment 5.infected 6.enthusiasm 7．diligence8.swallowed9.digested10.boundedⅡ.阅读理解Talking plants might sound like characters in a fairy tale.But recent scientific studies have shown that plants communicate with each other and with other living things in a surprising number of ways.To understand them, scientists say, we just have to learn their language.Farmers are especially interested in what plants have to say.“Plants are able to communicate with all sorts of organisms(有机体)．They can communicate with giant bacteria, with other plants and with insects.They do this chemically，” said Cahill, an Ecology Professor of the University of Alberta in Canada.Plant scientists are just beginning to understand this chemical “language”．Cahill says studies have shown, for example, that plants can evaluate conditions in their immediate environment and take appropriate actions.Plants have an ability, for example, to signal pain or discomfort caused by anything from temperature extremes to an insect attack.Jack Schultz, a professor of chemical ecology at the University of Missouri sayswhen a plant senses that it's being eaten, it cannot walk away from trouble; on the contrary, it will release a chemical vapor that alerts other plants nearby.“Their language is a chemical language, and it involves chemicals that move through the air, which are easily to be changed, and most of all are smells that we are familiar with, ” Schultz explained.“All plants responded to the attack by changing their chemistry to defend themselves, ” Schultz recalled.“But we were quite surprised to find that nearby plants also changed their chemistry to defend themselves, even though they were not part of the experiment.”Studies have also shown that plants under attack release pleasant chemicals.Those chemicals attract friendly insects that attack the pests eating the plant.In the end, plants' ability to communicate their needs－and our ability to understand them－could help farmers reduce the use of poisonous chemicals, cut operating costs and limit damage to the environment.【语篇解读】本文是一篇科普文。
2019-2020同步外研英语选修七新突破课时分层作业：7 Section Ⅰ、Ⅱ Word版含解析
课时分层作业(七) Section Ⅰ、Ⅱ[语言知识练习固基础]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．The reasons for its popularity are its fast pace and rhythmic(rhythm) beat.2．We should take advantage of the trade fair to advertise our products.3．In case of emergency(emerge)，break the glass and press the button.4．He，rather than you，is(be) on duty today.5．Many firms apply modern techniques(technique) to a traditional craft.6．I want to see him the moment he arrives.7．Bored(bore) with the blankness of the long winter，he moved to Florida.8．There was a sudden movement(move) in the undergrowth.9．He offered the girl some coffee，but she declined(decline) politely.10．We danced to the music at the party and enjoyed ourselves very much that evening.Ⅱ.单句改错(每句仅有1处错误)1．In playing volleyball you have the advantage over being tall.over→of 2．The company is on decline because of falling demand.on后加the 3．We walked in the street shoulder by shoulder.by→to 4．A new approach to teach the English language is being used here in our school.teach→teaching 5．They prefer to go with us rather than to stay here alone.去掉第二个to[高考题型练习提能力]Ⅰ.阅读理解When Gina was about two，she hadn't started to speak.Her doctors did tests and decided that Gina had autism (孤独症)．Autism caused Gina to dislike making eyecontact with others.She was afraid in public.Gina started therapies (治疗) right away.One was music therapy，which used songs to help her learn words.She began by humming (哼) pieces of music，and in time，she added the words to the songs.Gina's family was on cloud nine．Music had helped their daughter find her first words.When she was about five，Gina had a CD of songs from a singer she really liked.She listened to it over good at it.One day，Gina saw someone singing at a basketball game on TV.Her mom told her that maybe she could do that one day，too.Gina liked that idea.So when her mom found out that a major league baseball team was holding tryouts (预赛) for singers to perform at their games，Gina，who was six，decided to go for it.She did feel very nervous about singing in front of a lot of people she didn't know.But her whole family and many of her friends showed up to support her.After the tryout，she wasn't nervous any more.Then the team picked her to perform at a game.She did it.Since that first game，Gina has given more than 100 public performances at ball games.As a young star，she shows people a few things about autism and how kids who have it can follow their dreams.Gina has just turned nine，and fight now her dream is to be a singing teacher.As a singing teacher，she' d help kids who need help—those kids who are different，like her.【语篇解读】 患孤独症的女孩Gina在音乐中找到了自己的位置，她也希望将来长大后能帮助像自己一样的孩子们。
2019-2020同步译林英语选修七新突破课时分层作业：8 Unit 3 Section Ⅳ Language Points (Ⅱ)
课时分层作业(八)[语言知识练习固基础]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．His mother abandoned him when he was five years old and the abandoned(abandon) child has grown up.2．I think she is competent to do (do) the task as she has proved her competence to deal with such issues.3．According to the survey，three in ten drivers have experienced an accident for lack of concentration while driving.4．He is confident in his ability to do the job well，but his brother lacks the confidence to get a job.5．Only a small percentage(percent) of students have the chance to apply for scholarship.6．They always clear up their bedrooms before they go out.7．I'd rather you went (go) to visit your teacher next week.8．Nowhere did (do) I go yesterday; I just stayed at home.9．Students should choose their courses and universities basing(base) on their own interest.10．A cook will be immediately fired if he is found smoking(smoke) in the kitchen.Ⅱ.完成句子1．He is supposed to have arrived an hour ago.他本该一小时前就到的。
2019-2020同步外研英语选修九新突破课时分层作业： 7
课时分层作业(七)Ⅰ.单词拼写1．It is (估计) that the damage was over one million dollars.2．The bill comes to 20 pounds (包括) service fee.3．They (预测) that the next year would be a good harvest.4．They were fighting in order to preserve their (独立)．5．Our foreign trade has (扩张) greatly in recent years.6．Money is thought to be the (根源) cause of all evils.7．Some villagers have never been further away than the (邻近的) town.8．As we all know, we have (建立) trade relation with more than 100 countries all over the world.【答案】 1.estimated 2.including 3.predicted 4.independence 5.expanded 6.root 7．neighbouring8.establishedⅡ.阅读理解As more and more people speak the global languages of English，Chinese，Spanish，and Arabic，other languages are rapidly disappearing.In fact，half of the 6,000－7,000 languages spoken around the world today will likely die out by the next century，according to the United Nations Educational，Scientific，and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)．In an effort to prevent language loss，scholars from a number of organizations—UNESCO and National Geographic among them—have for many years been documenting dying languages and the cultures they reflect.Mark Turin，a scientist at the Macmillan Center，Yale University，who specializes in the languages and oral traditions of the Himalayas，is following in that tradition.His recently published book，A Grammar of Thangmi w ith an Ethnolinguistic Introduction to the Speakers and Their Culture，grows out of his experience living，working，and raising a family in a village in Nepal.Documenting the Thangmi language and culture is just a starting point for Turin，who seeks to include other languages and oral traditions across the Himalayan reaches of India，Nepal，Bhutan，and China.But he is not content to simply record these voices before they disappear without record.At the University of Cambridge Turin discovered a wealth of important materials—including photographs，films，tape recordings，and field notes—which had remained unstudied and were badly in need of care and protection.Now，through the two organizations that he has founded—the Digital Himalaya Project and the World Oral Literature Project—Turin has started a campaign to make such documents，found in libraries and stores around the world，available not just to scholars but to the younger generations of communities from whom the materials were originally collected.Thanks to digital technology and the widely available Internet，Turin notes，the endangered languages can be saved and reconnected with speech communities.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。