辨析before和since

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英语介词知识总结归纳

英语介词知识总结归纳

英语介词知识总结归纳英语介词知识总结归纳篇一一、表示时间的介词时间介词有in , on,at,after,since,during,by,before,after,until等,前三个介词用法有个口诀:at午夜、点与分,上午、下午、晚用in。

年、月、年月、季节、周,之前加上介词in。

将来时态多久后,这些情形亦用in。

日子、日期、年月日,星期之前要用on。

其余几组常见的时间介词辨析如下辨析如下:1、时间介词in与after的用法辨析介词in +一段时间用于一般将来时。

如:We’ll go to school in two weeks.介词after +一段时间用于一般过去时。

如:My mother came home after half an hour.介词after +时间点常用于一般将来时。

如:We’ll go out for a walk after supper.2、时间介词for与since的用法辨析介词for表示一段时间如:I have been living here for 10 years.介词since表示从过去某一时间以来如:I have been living here since 2000.3、时间介词before与by的用法辨析介词before表示“在…之前”如:He won’t e back before five .介词by表示“到…时为止,不迟于…”如:The work must be finished by Friday.4、时间介词during与for的用法辨析当所指的时间起止分明时用介词during如:He swims every day during the summer.如果一段时间不明确则用介词for如:I haven’t seen her for years.5、时间介词till与until用法的异同till和until用在肯定句中,均可表示“直到…为止”,如:I will wait till(until)seven o#39;clock.till和until用在否定句中,均可表示“在…以前”或“直到…才”。

时间状语从句Before-After-Until-Since.doc

时间状语从句Before-After-Until-Since.doc

时间状语从句Before/After/Until/Since1、时间状语从句(二)由before和after引导的时间状语从句的区别用法▲before引导的从句不再用否定式的谓语,并且当before 引导的从句位于主句之后,有时译成“就,才”。

还要注意主句和从句之间的时间关系。

当主句用将来时,从句总是用现在时;如果before引导的从句谓语用的是过去时,则主句动词多用过去完成时,这样以便体现动作发生的先后。

如:It will be four days before they come back. (主将从现,一一对应)他们要过四天才能回来。

Einstein almost knocked me down before he saw me. (几乎同时发生)爱因斯坦几乎把我撞倒才看到我。

My father had left for Canada just before the letter arrived. (主过完从过)我父亲恰好在信到之前去加拿大了。

They hadnotbeen married four months before they were divorced.他们结婚还不到四个月就离婚了。

▲after表示主句动作发生在从句动作之后。

主句和从句的动作的时间关系正好与before引导的从句相反。

如:After you think it over, please let me know what you decide.你仔细考虑过以后,告诉我你是怎样决定的。

After we had finished the work, we went home.完成工作之后,我们回家了。

(从句用过去完成时,主句用一般过去时)(三)till或until引导的时间状语从句的区别till和until 一般情况下两者可以互换,但是在强调句型中多用until。

但要注意的是:①如果主句中的谓语动词是瞬时动词时,必须用否定形式;②如果主句中的谓语动词是延续性动词时,用肯定或否定形式都可以,但表达的意思不同。

before/ago,since用法

before/ago,since用法

before和ago都能表示在一段时间以前,但是二者的内涵和具体用法有明显的区别:1. before表示从过去或将来某一时间算起多少时间以前,由于与这一时间状语连用的行为先发生在过去或将来某一时刻之前,因此往往出现在过去完成时态或将来完成时态中。

例如:①I called him up last night,but his mother told me he had left for Wuhan two days before.②She said that she had married him five years before.2.如果不具体表明多少时间以前,before意为"从前;以前",表示从现在开始追溯到过去一段时间,或者主句的谓语动词表示的是经常、反复发生的行为,以副词的形式置于句末,可以用在现在完成时态中。

例如:①I have never been to Beijing before.②Have you ever seen a tiger before?③I often go over the lessons that I have learned a few days before.注意:before前的时间状语如果是特定的,含义不一样。

试比较:He said he had arrived here a day before. (一天前)He said he had arrived here the day before. (前一天)3. ago指的是从现在起到过去时间的某一点的一段时间。

这个时间状语常与一般过去时态或过去进行时态连用。

例如:①I graduated from the college twenty years ago.②I was asked what I was doing a month ago.4. 表示在某一时间点或事件以前时,只能用before,不用ago。

It is +时间+since when before

It is +时间+since when before

It+be+时间+before/since/when/that句型辨析I since1. 翻译“It is/has been+时间段+since从句”(1)当从句谓语动词为非延续性动词时,表示这段时间从该动作开始时算起,即“自从做……以来已经多久了”。

(2)当从句谓语动词为延续性动词时,表示这段时间从动作结束时算起,即“自从不做……以来已经多久了”。

It is two years since he joined the army.他参军两年了。

(从参军那一刻算起)It is two years since he was a soldier.他退役两年了。

(从他不再是士兵算起)2. 时态主句为现在时(一般或完成),从句都是一般过去时。

主句为过去式(一般性都用was就够了),从句都是过去完成时II before1. 翻译It was/will be+时间段+before...过多长时间将发生某动作或事情;或过了多久发生了某事或动作。

It was three years before he finished the work.他花了三年才完成这项工作.It will be three years before he finishes the work.他得花三年才能完成这项工作. 2.It won't be/take long before...不久就会…It won't be long before he finishes the work.他不久就会完成这项工作.2. 时态主句为过去式(一般性都用was就够了),从句用过去时主句为将来时,从句用现在时(用一般现在时表示将来)III when1. 翻译It is + 时间点+ when…当发生什么的时候是什么时候…It was one o’clock when he came in .2. 时态主句是什么时态,从句就是什么时态3.常考与强调句的区别It was five o'clock when we arrived at the small mountain village.It was at five o'clock that we arrived at the small mountain village.强调句去掉it、be和that,余下的部分仍是一个完整的句子。

时间状语从句before 和 since的用法

时间状语从句before 和 since的用法

时间状语从句before 和since的用法before 和since的用法1.连词before表示“还未...就...;不到...就...;...才...;趁...还没...”Before they reached the station, the train had gone.他们(还没)到达火车站前,火车已经开走了。

We hadn’t run a mile before he felt tired.我们跑了还不到一英里他就累了。

Please write it down before you forget it.趁你现在没忘把它记下来。

2.before的句型:It will be +时间段+before从句,表示“多久之后才”。

It won't be long +before从句,表示“不久之后将...”It will be half a year before I come back.半年后我才回来。

(一般现在时表将来)It won’t be long before we meet again.不久后我们将再见面。

3.since的句型:It is/has been+时间段+since从句。

若从句的谓语为非延续性动词,表示“自从动作开始以来有多久了”;若从句的谓语为延续性动词,表示“自从动作结束/完成...有多久了”,常译为“自从不...有多久了”。

It is three years since the war broke out.战争爆发以来,有三年了。

It is twenty years since I've seen her. 我已经二十年没见她了。

五、every time, each time, next time, the first time, any time, all the time 的用法这些短语用来引导时间状语从句,表示“每当..;每次...;下次...”等。

易错点10 并列句和状语从句(2大陷阱)-备战2024年高考英语考试易错题(解析版)

易错点10  并列句和状语从句(2大陷阱)-备战2024年高考英语考试易错题(解析版)

易错点10 并列句和状语从句目录01 易错陷阱(2大陷阱)02 举一反三【易错点提醒一】并列句易混易错点【易错点提醒二】状语从句易混易错点03 易错题通关易错陷阱1:并列句易混易错点。

【分析】1. 逻辑关系和句式结构判断法;2. 连词词义需牢记。

【高考链接】1.(2023年新高考I卷)To eat one, you have to decide whether to bite a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), ________ to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue.【答案】or【详解】考查连词。

句意:吃小笼包的时候,你必须要决定是先咬一个小口流出汤汁,还是把整个小笼包放进嘴里,让热汤在舌头上爆炸。

whether...or... “是……还是……”,固定搭配,根据句意,故填or。

【规律总结】示原因的从属连词because连用。

“或者”为表示选择关系的连词,or还可译为“否则”,可用于句型:“祈使句+or+陈述句”。

both... and..., neither... nor..., not only...but also..., either...or..., not...but...特殊搭配解题。

作并列连词。

when表示“在那时,突然”;while表示“然而,而”,表对比或转折关系。

并列连词when常用于以下句型中:...was/were doing ...when ……正在做……突然……...was/were about to do ...when ... ……刚要做……突然……...was/were on the point of doing ...when ... ……刚要做……突然……...had just done ...when ... ……刚/一……就……I had just finished my homework when Tom came to me.我刚写完作业,Tom就来找我了。

Since before的用法

Since before的用法

since的用法主要有两点:一是表示“自从……以来”,二是表示“既然”之意。

但如果只了解词的含义,而不了解其用法,在使用时就会造成错误。

例如:I have not heard from him since I lived in Shanghai.不少人会望文生义,将该句译为:“自从我住在上海以来,就再也没有收到他的信了。

”而实际上这个句子的译文并非如此,那么正确的含义是什么呢?下面谈谈since作连词引导时间状语从句的用法。

一、若since引导的状语从句的谓语动词是终止性的过去时,则从句表示的时间是“从动作开始的那一时刻起”。

如:He has studied very hard since he came to our school.自从他来到我们学校,他学习就非常努力。

We have been missing them since they left here自从他们离开这里,我们就一直很想念他们。

这是最常见的一种用法,此处不再多述。

二、若since引导的状语从句的谓语动词是持续性动词或表示状态的动词的过去时时,则从句表示的时间是“从那持续动作或状态结束时算起”。

如:I haven’t heard any noise since I slept. Sleep 为持续性动词,sleep的动作结束时,即“醒来”时,这句应译为“我醒后还未听到任何声音”。

John is now with his parents in New York, it is already three years since he was a teacher约翰现在和父母一起住在纽约,他不当教师已经三年了。

本文开始出现的那个句子就可以译为“自从我离开上海,就再也没有收到他的信。

”这种译法常被人们误用,我们不妨再多举几个例子看看:How long is it since you lived in Shanghai?你离开(没住在)上海多久了?It is half a month since he was a League member.他退团(不当团员)半个月了。

since和before的用法时态

since和before的用法时态

since和before的用法时态
"Since" 和 "before" 都可以用于表示时间或事件的关系,但它们在句子中所表示的时间关系略有不同。

1. "Since" 在句子中表示自从某个时间点或事件之后一直持续到现在。

通常用于现在完成时或过去完成时等时间时态。

例子:
I have lived in this city since 2010. 我自2010年以来一直住在这个城市。

She had been working in the company since she graduated from college. 她自从大学毕业后一直在这家公司工作。

2. "Before" 在句子中表示在某个特定时间点或事件之前发生的动作。

通常用于过去时或过去完成时等时间时态。

例子:
He left the house before I arrived. 他在我到达之前离开了房子。

She had finished her homework before her parents came back. 她在父母回来之前已经完成了作业。

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辨析before和since
先看下面两道试题:
1、What was the party like?
Wonderful .It’s years I enjoyed myself so much. (NMET93)
A.after
B.before
C.when
D.since
2、She was so interested in the book that she had read it for three bours she realized it.
A.when
B.sunce
C.before
D.until
在1题中,上下文提供人语言环境是:说话个方想询问另一方对晚会飞感受,另一方表达的一丝丝“晚会很精彩,自我上次玩得很开心以来已有好几年了。

”,时间的计算式从since从句飞完成或状态结束时算起。

因此应该选择D。

在2题中,上下文透露的语言信息是:在她意识到时间问题之前,时间已不知不觉飞过了三个小时。

也就是说三小时之后从句中的动作才开始。

答案应该选择C。

一、若表示“还未……就……”“不到……就……”“……才……”,“趁……还没来得及”是,需用连词before,此时从句中的谓语动词不能用否定时。

如We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw land.我们航行了四天四夜才看到陆地。

We hadn’t run a mile he felt tired.我们没跑到一英里,他就累了。

Please write it down before you get in a word, had measued me.我还没来得及插话,他就给我量好了尺寸。

Before they reached the station, the train had gone.他们(还没)到火车站之前,火车已开走了。

二、在“It+be+一段时间十before从句”句型中,如果主句为一般将来时,从句常用一般现在时;如果主句为一般过去时,从句则常用一般过去时。

如:
1、It will be six years before we again.
A.will meet
B.meet
C.met
D.have met (答案为B)
2、It not long before he told us about the af-fair.
A.will be
B.is
C.had been
D.was (答案为D)
除此以外,“It will be + before sb. does”还表示“多久之后才……”。

如:It will be half a year before I come back.我半年后才回来。

It won’t be long before we meet again.不久,我们又会见面的。

三、在“It+be+一段时间+since从句”句型中,如果主句为一般现在时或现在完成时,从句常用一般过去时;如果主句为一般过去时,从句则常用过去完成时。

如:They asked me to have a drink with them. I said it was at least ten years since I a good drink. (MET’88)
A.had enjoyed
B.was enjoying
C.enjoyed
D.had been enjoying (答案为A)
四、在“It is+时间+since从句”句型中,时间的计算根据since从句中的谓语动词的情况进行推算,瞬间动词(如:break out,join,cach等)是从动作发生时算起,延续行动词,(如:smoke,work,live,have等)是从动作结束时算起。

如:It is three years since the War broke our. (从break out 动作发生时算起)战争爆发以来,有三年了。

It is three years since she was in our class.她离开我们班哟三年了。

It is five years since I (have)smoked a cigar.(=since I stopped smoking a cigar.) (从smoke动作结束时算起)我不吸烟有五年了。

如果译成“我不吸烟有五年了”,应为:It is five years since I began to smoke.
五、综合练习
1、The next moment, she had time to realize what was happening,she was hit over the head.
A.when
B.before
C.since
D.as
2、—Why didn’t you try your best to get on the bus?
—I tried to,but I could,it started moving.
A.until
B.when
C.before
D.after
3、Mr.Smith is in good health now for it is quite a long time he smoked.
A.until
B.since
C.before
D.when
4、—It is a long time I saw you last.
—Yes, and what a pity is since it will be a long time we see each
other again.
A.before,since
B.since,before
C.when,when
D.since,when
5、We drove abroue about 200 kilometers we got to the town.
A.before
B.since
C.until
D.while
6、It’s ten years the scientist set out start his work of discovery the valuable chemical.
A.before
B.that
C.since
D.when
7、A man escaped from the prison last might. It was a long time the guards discovered what had hap-pened.
A.before
B.until
C.since
D.when
(答案:1、B 2、C 3、B 4、B 5、A 6、C 7、A)。

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