Oscar Wilde 英文
OscarWilde英文
Literary achievements
01
Wild's most common works include "The Picture of Dorian Gray" and "The Importance of Being Earnest"
02
The Picture of Dorian Gray is a dark and decaying tale about a young man who sells his soul to retain young and beautiful "The Importance of Being Earnest" is a playful pleasure about the importance of being one self
After graduation from Oxford, Wild moved to London where he started writing and quickly became one of the most popular playwrights of his generation
His flamboyant style and witty repartee made him a sensation in the city, but his downfall camera when he was founded with unity of homogeneity and presence to two years hard labor
01 Introduction to Oscar Wilde
Brief account of the author's life
Oscar wilde 一生英语
Sayings
Wilde's tomb
• · are all in the gutter，but some of we us are looking at the staring. • · 我们都在阴沟里,但仍有人在仰望星空
•
Plays
The Duchess of Padua，1893年 《帕都瓦公爵夫人》 Salomé，1893年 《莎樂美》 （原著用法語 寫成） A Woman of No Importance,1892年 《無足 輕重的女人》 （1893年Theatre Royal Haymarket首演
Poetry
Lord Alfred Douglas and Oscar Wilde
His Works
Novel The Picture of Dorian Gray，1891年 《道林· 格雷的畫像》 Fairy Tale The Happy Prince and Other Tales，1888年 《快樂王子和其他故事》 A House of Pomegranates，1891年 《石榴屋》
His homosexual tendencies brought into
open by his involvement with Alfred（阿俄伏雷德） Douglas（哥拉丝）. In 1895, Marquess（候爵）of Queensberry（困丝波里）, father of Alfred, accused （控告）Wilde of sodomy（同性恋）. While in prison he wrote The Ballad of Reading Gaol and De Pro fundis, which recorded （记录）his humiliation（耻辱） and despair. Released from prison in 1897 and penniless（贫穷）, he went to France and die within three years; he was forty-six.
英国文学选读Oscar Wilde奥斯卡 王尔德
Oscar Wilde
(1854-1900)
About Oscar Wilde
• Name: Oscar Wilde (奥斯卡 王尔德) • Nationality: English • Date of Birth: 16 October 1854, Dublin, Ireland • Date of Death: 30 November 1900, Paris, France • Profession: A gifted poet, playwright, and wit
Poems: 《诗集》（Poems，1881年） 《斯芬克斯》（Sphinx，1894年） 《里丁狱之歌》（The Ballad of Reading Gaol，1898 年） Drama: 《温德米尔夫人的扇子》（Lady Windermere`s Fan，1892 年。 《帕都瓦公爵夫人》（The Duchess of Padua，1893年） 《莎乐美》（Salomé，1893年）（原著用法语写成） 《认真的重要性》（The Importance of Being Earnest， 1895年） 《理想的丈夫》（An Ideal Husband，1895年。） 《一个无足轻重的女人》（A Woman of No Importance, 1893） Essays The Soul of Man Under Socialism《社会主义下人的灵魂》 Letters De Profundis《深渊书简 》
《夜莺与蔷薇》(The nightingale and the rose) 《自私的巨人》(The selfish Giant) 《忠实的朋友》(the devoted friend) 《了不起的火箭》(the remarkable rocket ) 《石榴屋》（A House of Pomegranates，1891年）
名家资料英文介绍：奥斯卡·王尔德 Oscar Wilde
Oscar Wilde (1854-1900), Irish poet and dramatist whose reputation rests on his comic masterpieces Lady Windermere's Fan温夫人的扇子(1892) and The Importance of Being Earnest认真的重要性(1895). Among Wilde's other best-known works are his only novel The Picture of Dorian Gray多利安•格雷的画像(1891) and his fairy tales especially "The Happy Prince."Wilde was born on October 16, 1854 in Dublin to unconventional parents - his mother Lady Jane Francesca Wilde (1820-96), was a poet and journalist. His father was Sir William Wilde, an Irish antiquarian古物研究者,收集古物者（antiques）, gifted writer, and specialist in diseases of the eye and ear. Wilde studied at Portora Royal School, Enniskillen, County Fermanagh (1864-71), Trinity College, Dublin (1871-74) and Magdalen College, Oxford (1874-78).In 1878 Wilde received his B.A. and in the same year he moved to London. His lifestyle and humorous wit soon made him the spokesman forAestheticism(唯美主义), the late 19th century movement in England that advocated art for art's sake. He worked as art reviewer (1881), lectured in the United States and Canada (1882), and lived in Paris (1883). Between the years 1883 and 1884 he lectured in Britain. From the mid-1880s he was a regular contributor for Pall Mall Gazette and Dramatic View. In 1884 Wilde married Constance Lloyd (died 1898), and to support his family Wilde edited in 1887-89 Woman's World. In 1888 he published The Happy Prince and Other Tales, fairy-stories written for his two sons. Wilde's marriage ended in 1893. He had met a few years earlier Lord Alfred Douglas, an athlete and a poet, who became both the love of the author's life and his downfall.Wilde made his reputation in the theatre world between the years 1892 and 1895 with a series of highly popular plays. Lady Windermere's Fan (1892) dealt with a blackmailing divorce driven to self-sacrifice by maternal love. In A Woman of NoImportance一个无足轻重的女人(1893) an illegitimate son is torn between his father and mother. An Ideal Husband (1895) dealt with blackmail, political corruption and public and private honor. The Importance of Being Earnest (1895) was about two fashionable young gentlemen and their eventually successful courtship. Before his theatrical success Wilde produced several essays. His two major literary-theoretical works were the dialogues "The Decay of Lying"谎言的衰朽(1889) and "The Critic as Artist"作为艺术家的批评家(1890).Although married and the father of two children, Wilde's personal life was open to rumors. His years of triumph ended dramatically, when his intimate association with Alfred Douglas led to his trial on charges of homosexuality (then illegal in Britain). He was sentenced to two years hard labor for the crime . Wilde was first in Wandsworth prison, London, and then in Reading Gaol. During this time he wrote De Profundis (1905), a dramaticmonologue and autobiography, which was addressed to Alfred Douglas.After his release in 1897 Wilde in Berneval, near Dieppe. He wrote "The Ballad民谣of Reading Gaol 监狱"累丁狱之歌, revealing his concern for inhumane prison conditions. Wilde died of cerebral meningitis(脑膜炎) on November 30, 1900, penniless, in a cheap Paris hotel at the age of 46.Oscar Wilde (1854-1900), Irish poet and dramatist whose reputation rests on his comic masterpieces Lady Windermere's Fan(1892) and The Importance of Being Earnest (1895). Among Wilde's other best-known works are his only novel The Picture of Dorian Gray(1891) and his fairy tales especially "The Happy Prince."Wilde was born on October 16, 1854 in Dublin to unconventional parents - his mother Lady JaneFrancesca Wilde (1820-96), was a poet and journalist. His father was Sir William Wilde, an Irish antiquarian（antiques）, gifted writer, and specialist in diseases of the eye and ear. Wilde studied at Portora Royal School, Enniskillen, County Fermanagh (1864-71), Trinity College, Dublin (1871-74) and Magdalen College, Oxford (1874-78).In 1878 Wilde received his B.A. and in the same year he moved to London. His lifestyle and humorous wit soon made him the spokesman for Aestheticism(唯美主义), the late 19th century movement in England that advocated art for art's sake. He worked as art reviewer (1881), lectured in the United States and Canada (1882), and lived in Paris (1883). Between the years 1883 and 1884 he lectured in Britain. From the mid-1880s he was a regular contributor for Pall Mall Gazette and Dramatic View. In 1884 Wilde married Constance Lloyd (died 1898), and to support his family Wilde edited in 1887-89 Woman's World. In 1888 hepublished The Happy Prince and Other Tales, fairy-stories written for his two sons. Wilde's marriage ended in 1893. He had met an few years earlier Lord Alfred Douglas, an athlete and a poet, who became both the love of the author's life and his downfall.Wilde made his reputation in the theatre world between the years 1892 and 1895 with a series of highly popular plays. Lady Windermere's Fan (1892) dealt with a blackmailing divorce driven to self-sacrifice by maternal love. In A Woman of No Importance (1893) an illegitimate son is torn between his father and mother. An Ideal Husband (1895) dealt with blackmail, political corruption and public and private honor. The Importance of Being Earnest (1895) was about two fashionable young gentlemen and their eventually successful courtship. Before his theatrical success Wilde produced several essays. His two major literary-theoretical works were the dialogues "The Decay of Lying" (1889) and "The Critic as Artist" (1890).Although married and the father of two children, Wilde's personal life was open to rumors. His years of triumph ended dramatically, when his intimate association with Alfred Douglas led to his trial on charges of homosexuality (then illegal in Britain). He was sentenced to two years hard labor for the crime . Wilde was first in Wandsworth prison, London, and then in Reading Gaol. During this time he wrote De Profundis (1905), a dramatic monologue and autobiography, which was addressed to Alfred Douglas.After his release in 1897 Wilde in Berneval, near Dieppe. He wrote "The Ballad民谣of Reading Gao 监狱l", revealing his concern for inhumane prison conditions. Wilde died of cerebral meningitis(脑膜炎) on November 30, 1900, penniless, in a cheap Paris hotel at the age of 46.。
Oscar Wilde(奥斯卡 王尔德)
• Wilde full confidence and extraordinary talent, though his old age is very down and out, but his artistic achievements still makes him the world's classic artists. His fairy tale also won the readers the favor Wilde and therefore known as the “fairy tale prince.”
Oscar Wilde's sayings
王尔德语录
love
• The only difference between a caprice(随意) and a life-long passion is that the caprice lasts a little longer. • 逢场作戏和终身不渝之间的区别只在于逢场作戏稍微长一些。 • When one is in love, one always begins by ving one’s self, and one always ends by deceiving others. • 恋爱总是以自欺开始，以欺人结束。 • The very essence of romance is uncertainty. • 浪漫的精髓就在于它充满种种可能。
• Wilde lived through legend（传奇）, because the gay lover Alfred Douglas (Lord Alfred Douglas) for up to four years in prison contacts were reported. Left England to settle in France after his release until November 30, 1900 due to meningitis（脑膜炎） in Paris hotel Alsace (Alsace) died.
奥斯卡王尔德英文名言带中文翻译
奥斯卡王尔德英文名言带中文翻译奥斯卡王尔德英文名言带中文翻译1、对于毫无关系的人，不可能经常带有好意——王尔德2、每个人生下来都是王，而大多数人却在放逐中死去。
——王尔德3、恶大莫过于浮浅。
——王尔德《自深深处》4、It is only shallow people who do not judge by appearances. 只有肤浅的人才不会以貌取人——Oscar Wilde 《the picture of Dorian Gray》5、"I like to do all the talking myself. It saves time, and prevents arguments. 我喜欢自言自语，因为这样节约时间，而且不会有人跟我争论。
——王尔德"6、What is the chief cause of divorce? Marriage. 什么是离婚的主要原因？结婚。
——王尔德7、No man is rich enough to buy back his own past. -An Ideal Husband (1895) 没有人富有到可以赎回自己的过去。
——王尔德《理想的丈夫》8、The very essence of romance is uncertainty. 浪漫的本质是不确定性。
——王尔德9、人想恢复青春，只消重演过去干的蠢事就够了。
——王尔德《道林·格雷的画像》10、人真正的完美不在于他拥有什么，而在于他是什么。
——王尔德11、The public is wonderfully tolerant. It forgives everything except genius. 公众惊人地宽容。
他们可以原谅一切，除了天才。
——王尔德12、不幸的是，我在你的身上花去了一生。
——王尔德13、良心和胆怯其实是一回事，良心不过是胆怯的商号名称罢了。
——奥斯卡·王尔德《道连·葛雷的画像》14、要是我对什么人骨子里喜欢了，我无论如何都不会把他们的名字告诉别人。
奥斯卡·王尔德的生平
Birth and Early Life
Oscar Wilde was born at Westland, Dublin. He was the second son of Sir William Wilde and his wife Jane Francesca Wilde. Jane Wilde wrote poetry for the revolutionary Young Irelanders in 1848 and was a life-long Irish nationalist. William Wilde was Ireland's leading surgeon and was knighted in 1864 for his services to medicine. Wilde's parents were successful Dublin intellectuals. Their son became fluent in French and German early in life. Oscar Wilde was educated at home until he was nine. He then attended Portora Royal School.
After leaving jail in 1897, Wilde emigrated to France, where he lived out the last three years of his life under an assumed name. Before his departure from England he had been divorced and declared a bankrupt.
王尔德英文介绍
王尔德英文介绍Oscar Wilde, born on October 16, 1854, in Dublin, Ireland, was a renowned playwright, poet, and author. He is best known for his witty and satirical plays, such as "The Importance of Being Earnest" and "An Ideal Husband." Wilde was a prominent figure in the aesthetic and decadent movements of the late 19th century, advocating for art for art's sake and the pursuit of beauty above all else.In addition to his plays, Wilde was also a prolific writer of essays, short stories, and poems. His only novel, "The Picture of Dorian Gray," is a classic of gothic literature and explores themes of vanity, morality, and the pursuit of pleasure. Wilde's writing is characterized byits sharp wit, clever wordplay, and keen observations of society and human nature.Despite his literary success, Wilde's personal life was fraught with scandal and controversy. In 1895, he was famously tried and convicted for "gross indecency" due tohis homosexual relationships, which were illegal at the time. The trial and subsequent imprisonment had a devastating impact on Wilde's reputation and career, leading to his exile from England and eventual death in 1900.Wilde's legacy as a writer and thinker has endured long after his death. His works continue to be studied and performed around the world, and his ideas on art, beauty, and individualism remain influential in modern culture. Wilde's aphorisms and quotes are often cited for their wit and wisdom, and his life story continues to fascinate and inspire readers and scholars alike.In recent years, there has been a renewed interest in Wilde's life and work, with biographies, adaptations, and critical studies shedding new light on his contributions to literature and society. Wilde's exploration of gender, sexuality, and social norms in his writing continues to resonate with contemporary audiences, making him a timeless and relevant figure in the history of literature. Despite the challenges and controversies he faced in his lifetime,Wilde's enduring legacy as a literary icon and cultural provocateur remains undiminished.。
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Photographs of Oscar Wilde & Lord Alfred DouglDate: summer 1893
Date: probably 1892 Place: Oxford Date: summer 1893
Homosexuality " I am true Love, I fill the hearts of boy and girl with mutual flame. Then sighing, said the other, 'Have thy will, I am the love that dare not speak its name. " excerpted from Tow Loves
Oscar Wilde
• Poetry:
Works
Poems, 1891 The Ballad（民谣） of Reading Gaol, 1898
• Fairy tales:
• Novel: • Plays:
The Happy Prince and other Tales,1888 The House of Pomegranates（石榴）,1891
Oscar Wilde (1854-1900)
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Oscar Wilde
• He was born in Dublin in1854, studied classics at Trinity College（三圣学 院），and then went to Oxford University, where he distinguished himself as a classical scholar and poet. • His Father was Ireland’s leading eye and ear surgeon and his mother was a poet and author.
Oscar Wilde and Lord Alfred Douglas in the 1890s
• He died in Paris in 1900.
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Lord Alfred Douglas
his same-sex partner
Directed by Albert Lewin (1945)
Oscar Wilde
Dorian Gray: a modern version of Dr. Faust
• A temptation is placed before Dorian: a potential ageless（永恒的） beauty. • Lord Henry‘s cynical见利忘义 attitude is in keeping with the devil‘s role in Dr Faust. • Lord Henry acts as the ―Devil advocate‖. • The picture stands for the dark side of Dorian‘s personality.
• http://www.funshion. com/subject/play/88 315/1
A scene from Oliver Parker’s Dorian Gray (2009).
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The Picture of Dorian Gray (1890)
Estheticism
• Wilde believed that the artist should hold forth higher ideals(The artist = the creator of beautiful things),and that pleasure and beauty would replace utilitarian (功利的) ethics（道德 标准）.
Oscar Wilde
The picture of Dorian Gray
• 1890 first appeared in a magazine. • 1891 revised and extended. • It reflects Oscar Wilde’s personality. • It was considered immoral by the Victorian public.
A contemporary edition of The Picture of Dorian Gray.
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Estheticism
• Devoted to a school of thought and a mode of sensibility known as estheticism, Wilde believed that art possesses an intrinsic（内在的） value—that it is beautiful and therefore has worth and doesn't need to serve any other purpose, be it moral or political. • The purpose of art was to guide life, and to do this, it must concern itself only with the pursuit of beauty.
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Mephistopheles appearing before Faust in the 1865 edition of Faust by Johann Wolfgang Goethe.
• •
浮士德Faust(1926) - 剧情梗概： 影片改变自歌德的诗剧《浮士德》的第一部分，是关于浮士德和少女玛甘蕾的故事。 天使和魔鬼打了一个赌，倘若他能俘获浮士德的灵魂上帝就奖世界让给他，魔鬼给城 市带来了瘟疫，浮士德想找出解药却找不到，他只能眼睁睁看着他，魔鬼和浮士德订 立契约，魔鬼以仆人身份出现，带着浮士德开始新的人生。条件是浮士德一旦感到了 满足，灵魂便归魔鬼所有。魔鬼在浮士德看见了肉欲狂欢的世界，并设计让少女爱上 了浮士德。而不由自主爱上浮士德的少女去求助马歇姨妈，他们相爱了。马歇姨妈却 因为喝了魔鬼调制的酒变得神经兮兮。少女为了和浮士德幽会给母亲服了过量安眠药， 致使老人死去。而魔鬼挑唆少女哥哥瓦伦丁和浮士德争斗，瓦伦丁死于浮士德剑下。 少女成了镇子的罪人，冬天，她生下了自己的孩子，孩子得不到救助在雪中悲惨地死 去。她被人当成了杀人犯被判火刑，浮士德得知后赶回小镇，冲上火刑台，和少女一 同赴死。感动了上帝也战胜了魔鬼。 返回页顶 打从一开始便透过白天神与黑魔鬼的打赌，去确立正与邪不灭的抗衡，而赌注是智者 浮士德的灵魂。耳熟能详的德意志传统故事，经他一手调弄，有意外惊人的效果。浮 士德寻求解脱民间瘟疫的灵药不果，一气之下出卖灵魂予魔鬼，结果终生与罪孽纠缠。 返回页顶 德国鬼才导演茂瑙的传世杰作，根据歌德经典长诗《浮士德》改编，讲上帝和魔鬼打 赌，看能否改变一个名叫浮士德的老年科学家的命运。于是詹宁斯扮演的靡菲斯托便 跟浮士德提出交换条件，用他的灵魂换取永久的青春、快乐和权力。
Life
Oscar Wilde
• He was one of the most successful playwrights of late Victorian London and one of the greatest celebrities （名人）of his days.
• He suffered a dramatic downfall and was imprisoned（入狱） after been convicted of ―gross indecency （严重猥亵罪）” for homosexual acts.
Lord Alfred Douglas (1894)
Lady Jane Francesca Wilde (Jane Elgee, 1821-1896)
On May 29 in 1884, got married Place：Constance 康士 坦茨湖 They had two sons, Cyril (1885) and Vyvyan (1886). The photo shows Wilde’s wife and his son Cyril in 1889.
Oscar Wilde
Wilde’s estheticism唯美主义
• Oscar Wilde adopted the esthetical ideal: he affirmed “my life is like a work of art”. • His estheticism clashed with（与冲突） the didacticism启蒙主义 of Victorian novels.
The Picture of Dorian Gray, 1891 Lady Windermere’s Fan, 1892 A Woman of no Importance, 1893 The Importance of Being Earnest, 1895 Salomé,（莎乐美） 1893
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• Estheticism is a Victorian literary movement that began in the late 19th century. • Followers of the movement believed that art should not be mixed with social, political, or moral teaching. • Walter Pater‘s statement ―the love of art for its own sake‖ is a good summary of estheticism. • The movement had its roots in France, but it gained widespread importance in England in the last half of the 19th century, where it helped change the Victorian practice of including moral lessons in literature. • Oscar Wilde is one of the best-known "esthetes" of the late nineteenth century.