管理学]管理信息系统英文版课程及答案
Major League Baseball Hits a Home Run with Information Systems
❖ Problem: Declining revenue from traditional sales channels, declining customer base, increasing costs.传统销售渠道的收益降低，客 户群减少，成本升高
Chapter 1
Business Information Systems
in Your Career
OBJECTIVES
• Explain why information systems are so essential in business today.
• Define an information system from both a technical and a business perspective, and distinguish between computer literacy and information systems literacy. 从技术和企业角度定义信息系统，区 分计算机文化和信息系统文化。
❖ TAL可以将衬衫从市场测试到产品上架的周期减少到4个月。
❖ TAL的系统在目前产品价格竞争激烈、制造成本上升和利润 率不断降低的情况下，保持了令人惊讶高效率和低成本。
The Role of Information Systems in Business Today
How Information Systems Are Transforming Business
❖ 之前杰西.潘尼要使其仓库保持6个月的库存量，门店要保持3个 月的库存量。其销售预测系统基于过时的信息和数据。
❖ 交给TAL生产其衬衫后，其库存量为零。
❖ 杰西.潘尼的仓库工人要花29美分/衬衫的成本处理订单，而 TAL减少到14美分/衬衫。
❖ TAL运用其强大的信息系统进行新款衬衫的产品设计和市场 测试。
• Apply a four-step method for business problem solving to solve information system-related problems.
OBJECTIVES (Continued)
• Assess how information systems will affect business careers in accounting, finance, management, marketing, operations management, and information systems and identify the information systems skills and knowledge essential for all business careers. 评估信息系统对财 务会计、市场影响、管理、运营管理等职业的 影响以及各职业需要的信息系统的相关知识和 技能。
❖ 顾客在杰西.潘尼的门店购买衬衫后，其销售记录会传递到香 港的TAL服装公司（通过收集其衬衫POS数据）
❖ 之后TAL公司运行其计算机模型决策生产衬衫尺寸、型号及颜 色。
❖ TAL的销售预测系统决定每种衬衫的理想库存量并指导其台湾 的制造商生产杰西.潘尼每个门店需要的数量。
❖ 制造商直接将衬衫发往杰西.潘尼的各个门店，不需经过杰西. 潘尼的仓库。
❖ SAS customer analysis software and Web site tracking tools help identify good sales prospects（潜在顾客）.
❖ Demonstrates IT’s role in reducing cost, opening new sales channels, and building community with customers.
J.C.PENNEY STORE(USA)
POS数据
TAL (HK)
产品
订单
MANUFATURER (TAIWAN)
❖ 通过条码等技术杰西.潘尼可以进入TAL的系统查询生产和运输 信息以得到Байду номын сангаас存信息。发送精确率达到100%
❖ TAL是世界上最大的衬衫生产商。
❖ 大牌零售商倾向于将其关键的生产和库存功能移交给像TAL这 样的外包商因为他们会做的更好。
❖ Illustrates the emerging digital firm landscape where businesses can use tools to analyze critical data.
Case J.C. PENNEY’S INVISIALE SUPPLIER
❖ (杰西.潘尼）
❖ Solutions: MLB Web sites and cell phone ticketing enable electronic ticketing and delivery of online information and games, which increase sales.
Major League Baseball Hits a Home Run with Information Systems（continue）
• In 2005, more wireless phone accounts were opened than telephone land lines installed
• More than 35 million people receive their news online; 32 million Americans read blogs
• Internet advertising continues to grow at more than 30 percent per year
• New laws require businesses to store more data for longer periods
管理信息系统英文版精要版第十一版课程设计
Management Information Systems: Essential Version11th EditionCourse DesignIntroductionManagement Information Systems (MIS) is a course that focuses on the application of information technology in organizations. The course covers the design, development, implementation, and management of information systems. It provides an understanding of how information systems can transform business operations, increase efficiency, and create new opportunities. This course design ms to provide a comprehensive outline for the MIS course based on the 11th edition of the Management Information Systems: Essential Version textbook.Course ObjectivesBy the end of this course, students should be able to: - Understand the role and importance of information systems in organizations - Analyze and evaluate business processes to determine the need for information systems - Develop and design information systems to meet business needs - Implement and manage information systems effectively - Understand the ethical and social implications of information systems Course OutlineThe following is a detled outline of the topics to be covered inthis course.Chapter 1: The Importance of MIS•Definition of MIS•Types of information systems•Business processes and information systems•Competitive advantage through information systems Chapter 2: Business Processes, Information Systems, and Information •Business processes•Types of information systems•Information as a resourceChapter 3: Organizational Strategy, Information Systems, and Competitive Advantage•Competitive strategies•Value chn•Strategic use of information systemsChapter 4: Hardware and Software•Computer hardware•Computer software•Open-source softwareChapter 5: Data and Databases•Data and information•Database design•Database management systemsChapter 6: Networks and Cloud Computing•Network fundamentals•Cloud computing•Virtual private networksChapter 7: Electronic Commerce•E-commerce fundamentals•Online marketplaces•Mobile commerceChapter 8: Ethics, Privacy, and Security•Information systems security•Ethical issues in information systems•Privacy concernsChapter 9: System Development•System development life cycle•Agile development•Project managementChapter 10: Social Media and Information Systems •Social media platforms•Enterprise social media•Social media analyticsChapter 11: Business Intelligence and Analytics •Business intelligence•Analytics tools•Data visualizationGradingThe grading criteria for this course will be as follows: - Class participation: 10% - Assignments: 30% - Midterm exam: 30% - Final exam: 30%ConclusionThis course design provides a comprehensive outline of the topics to be covered in the MIS course based on the 11th edition of the Management Information Systems: Essential Version textbook. The course ms to provide students with an understanding of the role and importance of information systems in organizations and equip them with the skills necessary to develop, implement, and manage these systems effectively. Moreover, the course ms to create awareness of the ethical and social implications of information systems and ensure that students understand how to design information systems in an ethical and secure manner.。
管理信息系统(第9版)精要版原书英文版题库答案第2章
Essentials of Management Information Systems, 9e (Laudon/Laudon)Chapter 2 Global E-Business and Collaboration1) Senior management is responsible for directing the day-to-day activities of the business. Answer: FALSEDiff: 1 Page Ref: 44-45AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension2) Operational-level manufacturing systems deal with the firm's long-term manufacturing goals, such as where to locate a new plant.Answer: FALSEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 45AACSB: Analytic SkillsCASE: Analysis in terms of categorize, differentiate3) Transaction processing systems are most commonly encountered at the senior management level of an organization.Answer: FALSEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 47AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension4) TPS help managers monitor the firm's relations with the external environment.Answer: TRUEDiff: 3 Page Ref: 48AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension5) A hotel reservation system is a typical example of a management information system. Answer: FALSEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 48-49AACSB: Analytic SkillsCASE: Analysis in terms of categorize6) The decision to grant credit to a customer is normally made by a senior manager. Answer: FALSEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 47AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension7) Transaction processing systems are the basic business systems that serve the operational level of the organization.Answer: TRUEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 47AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension8) Management information systems primarily support nonroutine decision making. Answer: FALSEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 49AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension9) Most MISs use sophisticated mathematical models or statistical techniques.Answer: FALSEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 49AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension10) Deciding whether to introduce a new product line is the responsibility of an operational manager.Answer: FALSEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 45AACSB: Analytic SkillsCASE: Analysis in terms of categorize11) Decision-support systems help managers make decisions that are unique, rapidly changing, and not easily specified in advance.Answer: TRUEDiff: 1 Page Ref: 49AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension12) Decision-support systems often use information from external sources.Answer: TRUEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 50AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension13) ESSs are designed to serve the middle management of the organization.Answer: FALSEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 51AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension14) ESSs are designed to incorporate data about external events, but they also draw summarized information from internal MIS and DSS.Answer: TRUEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 51AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension15) ESSs are designed primarily to solve specific problems.Answer: FALSEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 51AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension16) Information supplied by an enterprise system is structured around cross-functional business processes.Answer: TRUEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 54AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension17) Supply chain management systems are more externally oriented than enterprise systems. Answer: TRUEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 55AACSB: Analytic SkillsCASE: Analysis in terms of compare18) Knowledge management systems are used to gather and distribute the firm's essential operational data, such as sales reports.Answer: FALSEDiff: 1 Page Ref: 55AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension19) Cell phones are one of the tools firms use to support teamwork and collaboration. Answer: TRUEDiff: 1 Page Ref: 60AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension20) The five basic entities that make up any business are suppliers, customers, employees, products and services, and:A) its environment.B) manufacturing and production.C) sales and marketing.D) invoices and payments.Answer: DDiff: 2 Page Ref: 42AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension21) Promoting the organization's products or services is a responsibility of the ________ function.A) finance and accountingB) human resourcesC) manufacturing and productionD) sales and marketingAnswer: DDiff: 1 Page Ref: 43AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension22) Checking for product quality is an activity associated with the ________ function.A) finance and accountingB) human resourcesC) manufacturing and productionD) sales and marketingAnswer: CDiff: 1 Page Ref: 43AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension23) Which of the following is a cross-functional business process?A) Hiring an employeeB) Identifying a customerC) Fulfilling a customer orderD) Creating an invoiceAnswer: CDiff: 2 Page Ref: 44AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension24) Employees that assist with paperwork at all levels of the firm are called:A) data workers.B) knowledge workers.C) operational management.D) service workers.Answer: ADiff: 1 Page Ref: 45AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension25) The three principal levels of hierarchies within a business organization are:A) management, knowledge workers, and service workers.B) senior management, middle management, and operational management.C) management, data workers, and operational management.D) senior management, operational management, and workers.Answer: BDiff: 2 Page Ref: 45AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension26) Key forces in a business's immediate environment include:A) regulations.B) technology.C) economy.D) politics.Answer: ADiff: 3 Page Ref: 45-46AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension27) Engineers and architects are examples of:A) senior management.B) production workers.C) knowledge workers.D) middle management.Answer: CDiff: 1 Page Ref: 45AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension28) Which of the following is an example of a key force in a firm's broader, less immediate environment?A) stockholdersB) regulationsC) shipping firmsD) economic trendsAnswer: DDiff: 3 Page Ref: 46AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension29) A computerized system that performs and records the daily dealings necessary to conduct business is classified as a(n):A) executive support system.B) management-level system.C) decision support system.D) transaction-processing system.Answer: DDiff: 1 Page Ref: 47AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension30) Which type of system would you use to change a production schedule if a key supplier was late in delivering goods?A) ESSB) TPSC) MISD) DSSAnswer: BDiff: 2 Page Ref: 47-48AACSB: Analytic SkillsCASE: Analysis in terms of differentiate and appraise31) A relocation control system that reports summaries on the total moving, house-hunting, and home financing costs for employees in all company divisions would fall into the category of:A) knowledge management systems.B) transaction support systems.C) executive-support systems.D) management information systems.Answer: DDiff: 3 Page Ref: 48AACSB: Analytic SkillsCASE: Analysis in terms of categorize32) The term "management information systems" designates a specific category of information systems serving:A) integrated data processing throughout the firm.B) transaction process reporting.C) senior managementD) middle management functions.Answer: DDiff: 1 Page Ref: 48AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension33) These systems are designed to summarize and report on the company's basic operations.A) Management information systemsB) Decision-support systemsC) Executive information systemsD) Transaction processing systemsAnswer: ADiff: 2 Page Ref: 48AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension34) ________ support making decisions that are unique, rapidly changing, and not easily specified in advance.A) Management information systemsB) Transaction processing systemsC) Executive support systemsD) Decision-support systemsAnswer: DDiff: 1 Page Ref: 49AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension35) Which type of system would you use to determine the five suppliers with the worst record in delivering goods on time?A) ESSB) TPSC) MISD) DSSAnswer: CDiff: 2 Page Ref: 48-49AACSB: Analytic SkillsCASE: Analysis in terms of differentiate and appraise36) These systems are especially suited to situations in which the procedure for arriving at a solution may not be fully predefined in advance.A) Management information systemsB) Transaction processing systemsC) Decision-support systemsD) Knowledge management systemsAnswer: CDiff: 2 Page Ref: 49AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension37) Which type of system would you use to forecast the return on investment if you used new suppliers with better delivery track records?A) ESSB) TPSC) MISD) DSSAnswer: DDiff: 2 Page Ref: 49-50AACSB: Analytic SkillsCASE: Analysis in terms of categorize38) Decision-support systems are also referred to as:A) business information systems.B) business intelligence systems.C) executive support systems.D) business model systems.Answer: BDiff: 2 Page Ref: 50AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension39) Executive support systems are information systems that support the:A) long-range planning activities of senior management.B) knowledge and data workers in an organization.C) decision-making and administrative activities of middle managers.D) day-to-day processes of production.Answer: ADiff: 1 Page Ref: 51AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension40) ESS are specifically designed to serve the ________ level of the organization.A) operationalB) end-userC) middle managementD) senior managementAnswer: DDiff: 1 Page Ref: 51AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension41) Which type of system would you use to determine what trends in your supplier's industry will affect your firm the most in five years?A) ESSB) TPSC) MISD) DSSAnswer: ADiff: 2 Page Ref: 51AACSB: Analytic SkillsCASE: Analysis in terms of categorize42) ________ systems often deliver information to senior executives through a portal.A) Transaction processingB) Executive supportC) Management informationD) Decision-supportAnswer: BDiff: 2 Page Ref: 51AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension43) A POS system, such as the one selected by Johnny's Lunch in the chapter case study, falls into which category of information system?A) TPSB) KWSC) MISD) DSSAnswer: ADiff: 3 Page Ref: 52AACSB: Analytic SkillsCASE: Analysis in terms of categorize44) These systems are designed to support organization-wide process coordination and integration.A) Decision-support systemsB) Management information systemsC) CRMD) Enterprise applicationsAnswer: DDiff: 1 Page Ref: 53AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension45) A(n) ________ collects data from various key business processes and stores the data in a single comprehensive data repository, usable by other parts of the business.A) transaction processing systemB) enterprise systemC) automatic reporting systemD) management information systemAnswer: BDiff: 2 Page Ref: 54AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension46) What is the most important benefit of an enterprise application?A) Enabling speed of communicating.B) Enabling business functions and departments to share information.C) Enabling a company to work collaboratively with customers and suppliers.D) Enabling cost-effective, e-business processes.Answer: BDiff: 3 Page Ref: 53-54AACSB: Analytic SkillsCASE: Evaluation in terms of appraise, evaluate47) ________ systems integrate and share information from suppliers, manufacturers, distributors, and logistics companies.A) Collaborative distributionB) Supply-chain managementC) Reverse logisticsD) Enterprise planningAnswer: BDiff: 1 Page Ref: 54AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension48) ________ systems provide information to coordinate all of the business processes that deal with customers in sales, marketing, and service to optimize revenue, customer satisfaction, and customer retention.A) CRMB) MISC) ESSD) CPSAnswer: ADiff: 1 Page Ref: 55AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension49) Which type of information system would an intranet be most easily adapted to?A) CRMB) MISC) TPSD) KMSAnswer: DDiff: 3 Page Ref: 55AACSB: Analytic SkillsCASE: Synthesis in terms of bringing information together50) Which of the following types of system could be used to enable different firms to work collaboratively on a product?A) intranetB) extranetC) KMSD) CRMAnswer: BDiff: 2 Page Ref: 55AACSB: Analytic SkillsCASE: Analysis in terms of appraise51) You manage the Information Systems department at a small startup Internet advertiser. You need to set up an inexpensive system that allows customers to see real-time statistics such as views and click-throughs about their current banner ads. Which type of system will most efficiently provide a solution?A) CRMB) Enterprise systemC) ExtranetD) IntranetAnswer: CDiff: 2 Page Ref: 55AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Evaluation in terms of assess, choose52) Buying or selling goods over the Internet is called:A) e-commerce.B) e-business.C) an intranet.D) an extranet.Answer: ADiff: 1 Page Ref: 56AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension53) The use of digital technology and the Internet to execute the major business processes in the enterprise is called:A) e-commerce.B) e-business.C) enterprise applications.D) MIS.Answer: BDiff: 1 Page Ref: 56AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension54) You work for a highly successful advertiser that is just about to expand nationally. Of utmost importance will be finding a way to store and disseminate their client's frequently updated branding and style guides to all of their branches. The guides include multiple image files and text documents. What system will best serve these needs?A) A wikiB) An extranet with KMS capabilitiesC) A TPS with KMS capabilitiesD) An ESS with collaboration capabilitiesAnswer: BDiff: 3 Page Ref: 54-65AACSB: Analytic SkillsCASE: Synthesis in terms of bringing information together55) Interaction jobs are those jobs which:A) are in the service sector and require close coordination, and collaboration.B) involve knowledge that can't be put into an information system.C) are performed typically by operational-level employees.D) require intense levels of interaction with clients.Answer: ADiff: 2 Page Ref: 57AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension56) You have been hired by Inspiration Inc, to help improve their profit margin. Inspiration Inc. is a business communications consultancy that services many clients in different industries throughout the U.S. The end products of the company are customized recommendations for the best use of a client's existing resources for improving internal communications, typically delivered via documentation in different media. The company has approximately 100 consultants all of whom are located in their central headquarters in Chicago. What system do you recommend to improve the company's business processes and increase their profit margin?A) Extranet, to enable quick collaboration over the Internet, minimize the time spent communicating with the client, and minimize the amount of paperwork neededB) CRM, to maintain easily accessible customer records to minimize the time spent looking for client dataC) KMS, for minimizing redundant work on similar clientsD) Video conferencing system, for improving collaborationAnswer: ADiff: 3 Page Ref: 55-61AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Synthesis in terms of bringing information together57) In a business environment, the focus of collaboration is to:A) accomplish the task at hand.B) provide a sense of community.C) foster better communication.D) prevent miscommunication.Answer: ADiff: 2 Page Ref: 56AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension58) Which of the following statements is NOT true about collaboration in a business setting?A) Collaboration may be a short-lived activity, lasting just a few minutes.B) Collaboration is a many-to-many activity as opposed to a one-to-one or one-to-many activity.C) Meaningful collaboration requires a supportive business firm culture and the right, decentralized structure.D) The evidence of the business benefits of collaboration are largely anecdotal.Answer: BDiff: 2 Page Ref: 56-59AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension59) Which of the following tools is NOT one of the most important 15 types of collaboration software tools?A) screen sharingB) video streamingC) video conferencingD) e-mail and instant messagingAnswer: BDiff: 2 Page Ref: 60AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension60) A wiki is a type of:A) social networking site.B) blogging.C) video conferencing.D) Web site designed for collaborative writing and editing.Answer: DDiff: 1 Page Ref: 61AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension61) Second Life is an example of a:A) virtual world.B) wiki.C) social networking site.D) mind mapping tool.Answer: ADiff: 1 Page Ref: 61AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension62) The most widely used collaboration software tool used by very large firms is:A) Lotus Notes.B) Microsoft SharePoint.C) Google Apps.D) Onehub.Answer: ADiff: 2 Page Ref: 65AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension63) What analytical framework discussed in the chapter helps understand and evaluate the benefits and uses of collaboration tools?A) cost/use matrixB) task/time matrixC) space/cost matrixD) time/space matrixAnswer: DDiff: 2 Page Ref: 67AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension64) Which of the following collaboration tools would be appropriate for participants in separate locations who need to collaborate synchronously?A) blogB) team roomC) electronic meeting softwareD) group calendarAnswer: CDiff: 2 Page Ref: 67AACSB: Analytic SkillsCASE: Analysis in terms of compare65) The ________ is responsible for ensuring that the company complies with existing data privacy laws.A) CPOB) CKOC) CIOD) CIPAnswer: ADiff: 2 Page Ref: 68AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension66) The principal liaison between the information systems groups and the rest of the organization is a(n):A) programmer.B) information systems manager.C) systems analyst.D) CIO.Answer: CDiff: 2 Page Ref: 68AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension67) A ________ is a senior manager who oversees the use of IT in the firm.A) CEOB) CFOC) CIOD) CITAnswer: CDiff: 1 Page Ref: 68AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension68) Development and support services for a firm's business systems are provided by:A) IT educational services.B) IT management services.C) Application software services.D) IT standards services.Answer: CDiff: 3 Page Ref: 69AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension69) Policies that determine which information technology will be used, when, and how are provided by:A) IT educational services.B) IT management services.C) Application software services.D) IT standards services.Answer: DDiff: 3 Page Ref: 69AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension70) A(n) ________ is a set of logically related activities for accomplishing a specific business result.Answer: business processDiff: 1 Page Ref: 42AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension71) A firm depends heavily on its ________ to supply capital, labor, customers, new technology, services and products, stable markets and legal systems, and general educational resources. Answer: environmentDiff: 2 Page Ref: 45AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension72) The ________ function is responsible for attracting, developing, and maintaining the firm's workforce.Answer: human resourcesDiff: 1 Page Ref: 43AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension73) Managers need ________ systems to monitor the status of internal operations and the firm's relations with the external environment.Answer: transaction processingDiff: 2 Page Ref: 48AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension74) A(n) ________ is used by middle management to support nonroutine decision making. Answer: decision-support system/DSSDiff: 1 Page Ref: 49AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension75) ________ applications span the entire firm, integrating information from multiple functions and business processes to enhance the performance of the organization as a whole.Answer: EnterpriseDiff: 1 Page Ref: 53AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension76) Supply chain management systems are one type of ________ system because they automate the flow of information across organizational boundaries.Answer: interorganizationalDiff: 3 Page Ref: 55AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension77) ________ are highly trained technical specialists who write the software instructions for computers.Answer: ProgrammersDiff: 1 Page Ref: 68AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension78) ________ are representatives of departments outside of the information systems group for whom applications are developed.Answer: End usersDiff: 2 Page Ref: 69AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension79) ________ technology allows a videoconference participant to give the appearance of being present at a location other than his or her true physical location.Answer: TelepresenceDiff: 3 Page Ref: 61AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension80) Identify the different types of systems used for the different levels of management in a business.Answer: The types of information systems used for different levels of management are transaction processing systems (TPS), management information systems (MIS), decision-support systems (DSS), and executive support systems (ESS). TPS, such as payroll or order processing, track the flow of the daily routine transactions that are necessary to conduct business. They are used by operational managers to manage day-to-day operations. MIS summarize and report on the c ompany’s basic operations using data supplied by TPS. They provide middle managers with reports on the organization’s current performance and are not highly analytical. DSS also support middle management decisions when these decisions are unique, rapidly changing, and not specified easily in advance. They use advanced analytical models and data analysis capabilities and often draw on information from external as well as internal sources. ESS support senior management by providing data of greatest importance to senior management decision makers. ESS provide a generalized computing and communications capacity that can be applied to a changing array of problems. ESS present graphs and data from many sources through an interface that is easy for senior managers to use, often a portal.Diff: 1 Page Ref: 47-51AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Synthesis in terms of generalize81) In your opinion, what are at least three factors that contribute to the difficulty of integrating systems for different organizational levels and functions within an organization? Support your answer.Answer: An example answer is: Three factors that can contribute include different computing environments; different data kept; and employee resistance. Different computing environments can make it difficult in terms of programming to connect the systems together. If the systems have kept different types of data and different records, this may also be a hindrance. For example, if some elements in a database are recorded differently, such as a customer ID not being the same in one area as another, this would make consistency a problem and may contribute to redundant information. There may also be resistance to adopting new, integrative systems that are more efficient because these may change business processes and the functions of employees. People working in an organization may not want to lose the responsibilities they have and the functions they understand.Diff: 3 Page Ref: 53AACSB: Analytic SkillsCASE: Evaluation in terms of assess, compare82) Discuss at least three reasons why collaboration and teamwork are more important today than ever.Answer: Collaboration and teamwork are more important today than ever for a variety of reasons. For one, the nature of work has changed from factory manufacturing andpre-computer office work. Today, the kinds of jobs we have require much closer coordination and interaction among the parties involved in producing the service or product. Another reason is that the organization of work has changed. For most of the industrial age, work was organized in a hierarchical fashion. Orders came down the hierarchy, and responses moved back up the hierarchy. Today, work is organized into groups and teams, who are expected to develop their own methods for accomplishing the task. Senior managers observe and measure results, but are much less likely to issue detailed orders or operating procedures. Another reason is the need to manage work from global locations: The work of the firm has changed from a single location to multiple locations - offices throughout a region, a nation, or even around the globe. Global competition also places a premium on innovation. Innovation is a group and social process, and most innovations derive from collaboration among individuals in a lab, a business, or government agencies. Strong collaborative practices and technologies are believed to increase the rate and quality of innovation. Overall, most research on collaboration supports the notion that diverse teams produce better outputs, faster, than individuals working on their own.Diff: 2 Page Ref: 57-58AACSB: Analytic SkillsCASE: Synthesis in terms of propose83) Identify and describe at least four business benefits of collaboration? Which do you feel is the most important and why?Answer: Business benefits from collaboration are (1) productivity; (2) quality; (3) innovation;(4) customer service; and (5) financial performance. Collaboration helps productivity because people working together on a task can complete the task more quickly. It helps quality because people working together will be more able to correct each other's mistakes. It helps innovation because people working in groups come up with more ideas than those working in isolation. It helps customer service because teams can solve customer complaints more quickly together rather than working in isolation. And as a result of all of these benefits, collaboration helps finance, because collaborative firms have superior sales, sales growth, and financial performance. Student evaluations will vary: for example, the most important of the benefits might be: innovation, because new products, services, and means of production are at the heart of being able to outperform your competitors.Diff: 2 Page Ref: 58-59AACSB: Analytic SkillsCASE: Evaluation in terms of compare, assess。
管理信息系统（第9版）精要版原书英文版题库答案第12章
管理信息系统（第9版）精要版原书英⽂版题库答案第12章Essentials of Management Information Systems, 9e (Laudon/Laudon)Chapter 12 Ethical and Social Issues in Information Systems1) Advances in data storage have made routine violation of individual privacy more difficult. Answer: FALSEDiff: 1 Page Ref: 422AACSB: Use of ITCASE: Comprehension2) Professionals take on special rights and obligations because of their special claims to knowledge, wisdom, and respect. Answer: TRUEDiff: 1 Page Ref: 426AACSB: Ethical Understanding and Reasoning AbilitiesCASE: Comprehension3) Privacy is the right to be left alone when you want to be, without surveillance or interference from other individuals or organizations.Answer: TRUEDiff: 1 Page Ref: 426AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension4) The last step in analyzing an ethical issue should be to identify the stakeholders - people who have a vested interest in the outcome of the decision.Answer: FALSEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 425AACSB: Ethical Understanding and Reasoning AbilitiesCASE: Comprehension5) A cookie is a small file containing information about you and your Web activities that is deposited on your hard disk by a Web site.Answer: TRUEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 429AACSB: Use of ITCASE: Comprehension6) Spyware is software that comes hidden in downloaded applications and can track your online movements.Answer: TRUEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 430AACSB: Use of ITCASE: Comprehension7) Most Internet businesses do very little to protect the privacy of their customers. Answer: TRUEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 430AACSB: Use of ITCASE: Comprehension8) P3P encrypts or scrambles e-mail or data so that it cannot be read illicitly.Answer: FALSEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 431AACSB: Use of ITCASE: Comprehension9) Protection for trade secrets is enforced at the federal level.Answer: FALSEDiff: 3 Page Ref: 432AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension10) Copyright is the legal protection afforded intellectual property, such as a song, book, or video game.Answer: TRUEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 433AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension11) The Copyright Office began registering software programs in the 1990s.Answer: FALSEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 433AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension12) The drawback to copyright protection is that the underlying ideas behind the work are not protected, only their reproduction in a product.Answer: TRUEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 433AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension13) According to the courts, in the creation of software, unique concepts, general functional features, and even colors are protectable by copyright law.Answer: FALSEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 433AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension14) The key concepts in patent law are originality, novelty, and value.Answer: FALSEDiff: 3 Page Ref: 433AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension15) Despite the passage of several laws defining and addressing computer crime, accessing a computer system without authorization is not yet a federal crime.Answer: FALSEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 439AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension16) Spam is unsolicited e-mail.Answer: FALSEDiff: 1 Page Ref: 439AACSB: Use of ITCASE: Comprehension17) The European Parliament has passed a ban on unsolicited commercial messaging. Answer: TRUEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 440AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension18) The most common type of computer-related RSI is CTS.Answer: TRUEDiff: 1 Page Ref: 443AACSB: Use of ITCASE: Comprehension19) Technostress is a computer-related malady whose symptoms include fatigue.Answer: TRUEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 443AACSB: Use of ITCASE: Comprehension20) Most American and European privacy law is based on a set of five principles called COPPA. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 427AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension21) Which of the following best describes how new information systems result in legal gray areas?A) They work with networked, electronic data, which are more difficult to control than information stored manually.B) They result in new situations that are not covered by old laws.C) They are implemented by technicians rather than managers.D) They are created from sets of logical and technological rules rather than social or organizational mores.Answer: BDiff: 2 Page Ref: 420AACSB: Ethical Understanding and Reasoning AbilitiesCASE: Evaluation in terms of assess22) The introduction of new information technology has a:A) dampening effect on the discourse of business ethics.B) ripple effect raising new ethical, social, and political issues.C) beneficial effect for society as a whole, while raising dilemmas for consumers.D) waterfall effect in raising ever more complex ethical issues.Answer: BDiff: 2 Page Ref: 420, 421AACSB: Ethical Understanding and Reasoning AbilitiesCASE: Comprehension23) In the information age, the obligations that individuals and organizations have concerning rights to intellectual property fall within the moral dimension of:A) property rights and obligations.B) system quality.C) accountability and control.D) information rights and obligations.Answer: ADiff: 1 Page Ref: 421AACSB: Ethical Understanding and Reasoning AbilitiesCASE: Comprehension24) In the information age, the obligations that individuals and organizations have regarding the preservation of existing values and institutions fall within the moral dimension of:A) family and home.B) property rights and obligations.C) system quality.D) quality of life.Answer: DDiff: 2 Page Ref: 421AACSB: Ethical Understanding and Reasoning AbilitiesCASE: Comprehension25) The four key technical trends responsible for current ethical stresses related to information technology are (1) doubling of computer power every 18 months, (2) data analysis advances, (3) declining data storage costs, and (4) ________.A) advances in wireless networkingB) international standards for data protectionC) networking advances and the InternetD) increased ease in file sharing and copyingAnswer: CDiff: 1 Page Ref: 422AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension26) The U.S. Department of Commerce developed a ________ framework in order to enable U.S. businesses to legally use personal data from EU countries.A) COPPAB) P3PC) PGPD) safe-harborAnswer: DDiff: 2 Page Ref: 429AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension27) The use of computers to combine data from multiple sources and create electronic dossiers of detailed information on individuals is called:A) profiling.B) phishing.C) spamming.D) targeting.Answer: ADiff: 1 Page Ref: 422AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension28) NORA is a:A) profiling technology used by the EU.B) federal privacy law protecting networked data.C) new data analysis technology that finds hidden connections between data in disparate sources.D) sentencing guideline adopted in 1987 mandating stiff sentences on business executives. Answer: CDiff: 2 Page Ref: 423AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension29) Which of the five moral dimensions of the information age do the central business activities of ChoicePoint raise?A) Property rights and obligationsB) System qualityC) Accountability and controlD) Information rights and obligationsAnswer: DDiff: 3 Page Ref: 422AACSB: Ethical Understanding and Reasoning AbilitiesCASE: Analysis in terms of appraise30) Accepting the potential costs, duties, and obligations for the decisions you make is referred to as:A) responsibility.B) accountability.C) liability.D) due process.Answer: ADiff: 2 Page Ref: 424AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension31) The feature of political systems in which a body of laws is in place that permits individuals to recover the damages done to them by other actors, systems, or organizations is referred to as:A) accountability.B) responsibility.C) due process.D) liability.Answer: DDiff: 2 Page Ref: 424AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension32) The feature of social institutions that means mechanisms are in place to determine responsibility for an action is called:A) due process.B) accountability.C) the courts of appeal.D) the judicial system.Answer: BDiff: 2 Page Ref: 424AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension33) The process in law-governed societies in which laws are known and understood and there is an ability to appeal to higher authorities to ensure that the laws are applied correctly is called:A) liability.B) due process.C) the courts of appeal.D) accountability.Answer: BDiff: 2 Page Ref: 424AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension34) Which of the following is not one of the five steps discussed in the chapter as a process for analyzing an ethical issue?A) Assign responsibility.B) Identify the stakeholders.C) Identify the options you can reasonably take.D) Identify and clearly describe the facts.Answer: ADiff: 2 Page Ref: 424-425AACSB: Ethical Understanding and Reasoning AbilitiesCASE: Comprehension35) A colleague of yours frequently takes for his own personal use small amounts of office supplies, noting that the loss to the company is minimal. You counter that if everyone were to take the office supplies, the loss would no longer be minimal. Your rationale expresses which historical ethical principle?A) Kant's Categorical ImperativeB) The Golden RuleC) The Risk Aversion PrincipleD) The "No free lunch" ruleAnswer: ADiff: 3 Page Ref: 425AACSB: Ethical Understanding and Reasoning AbilitiesCASE: Analysis in terms of categorize36) A classic ethical dilemma is the hypothetical case of a man stealing from a grocery store in order to feed his starving family. If you used the Utilitarian Principle to evaluate this situation, you might argue that stealing the food is:A) acceptable, because the grocer suffers the least harm.B) acceptable, because the higher value is the survival of the family.C) wrong, because the man would not want the grocery to steal from him.D) wrong, because if everyone were to do this, the concept of personal property is defeated. Answer: BDiff: 2 Page Ref: 425AACSB: Ethical Understanding and Reasoning AbilitiesCASE: Analysis in terms of categorize37) Immanuel Kant's Categorical Imperative states that:A) if an action cannot be taken repeatedly, then it is not right to be taken at any time.B) one should take the action that produces the least harm or incurs the least cost.C) one can put values in rank order and understand the consequences of various courses of action.D) if an action is not right for everyone to take, it is not right for anyone to take.Answer: DDiff: 2 Page Ref: 425AACSB: Ethical Understanding and Reasoning AbilitiesCASE: Comprehension38) The ethical "no free lunch" rule states that:A) if an action cannot be taken repeatedly, then it is not right to be taken at any time.B) one should take the action that produces the least harm or incurs the least cost.C) one can put values in rank order and understand the consequences of various courses of action.D) everything is owned by someone else, and that the creator wants compensation for this work. Answer: DDiff: 2 Page Ref: 425AACSB: Ethical Understanding and Reasoning AbilitiesCASE: Comprehension39) According to the ________, you should take the action that produces the least harm.A) Categorical ImperativeB) Risk Aversion PrincipleC) Utilitarian PrincipleD) Golden RuleAnswer: BDiff: 2 Page Ref: 425AACSB: Ethical Understanding and Reasoning AbilitiesCASE: Comprehension40) Which U.S. act restricts the information the federal government can collect and regulates what they can do with the information?A) Privacy Act of 1974B) Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act of 1999C) Freedom of Information ActD) HIPAA of 1996Answer: ADiff: 2 Page Ref: 427AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension41) FIP principles are based on the notion of the:A) accountability of the record holder.B) responsibility of the record holder.C) mutuality of interest between the record holder and the individual.D) privacy of the individual.Answer: CDiff: 2 Page Ref: 427AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension42) The Federal Trade Commission FIP principle of Notice/Awareness states that:A) customers must be allowed to choose how their information will be used for secondary purposes other than the supporting transaction.B) data collectors must take responsible steps to assure that consumer information is accurate and secure from unauthorized use.C) there is a mechanism in place to enforce FIP principles.D) Web sites must disclose their information practices before collecting data.Answer: DDiff: 2 Page Ref: 428AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension43) Which of the following U.S. laws gives patients access to personal medical records and the right to authorize how this information can be used or disclosed?A) HIPAAB) Gramm-Leach-Bliley ActC) Privacy Protection ActD) Freedom of Information ActAnswer: ADiff: 2 Page Ref: 428AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension44) European privacy protection is ________ than in the United States.A) less far-reachingB) less liable to lawsC) much less stringentD) much more stringentAnswer: DDiff: 2 Page Ref: 428AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension45) U.S. businesses are allowed to use personal data from EU countries if they:A) have informed consent.B) create a safe harbor.C) develop equivalent privacy protection policies.D) make their privacy protection policies publicly available.Answer: CDiff: 2 Page Ref: 428AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension46) When a cookie is created during a Web site visit, it is stored:A) on the Web site computer.B) on the visitor's computer.C) on the ISP's computer.D) in a Web directory.Answer: BDiff: 2 Page Ref: 429AACSB: Use of ITCASE: Comprehension47) The Online Privacy Alliance:A) encourages self-regulation to develop a set of privacy guidelines for its members.B) protects user privacy during interactions with Web sites.C) has established technical guidelines for ensuring privacy.D) is a government agency regulating the use of customer information.Answer: ADiff: 2 Page Ref: 430AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension48) A(n) ________ model of informed consent permits the collection of personal information until the consumer specifically requests that the data not be collected.A) opt-inB) opt-outC) P3PD) PGPAnswer: BDiff: 2 Page Ref: 430AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension49) P3P stands for:A) Privacy for Personal Protection.B) Platform for Privacy Preferences.C) Personal Privacy Policy.D) Personal Privacy Protection.Answer: BDiff: 2 Page Ref: 431AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension50) The P3P standard is concerned with:A) controlling pop-up ads based on user profiles and preventing ads from collecting or sending information.B) allowing users to surf the Web anonymously.C) scrambling data so that it can't be read.D) blocking or limiting cookies.Answer: DDiff: 2 Page Ref: 432AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension51) The limitation of trade secret protection for software is that it is difficult to prevent the ideas in the work from falling into the public domain when:A) the courts become involved.B) hackers are able to break into the source code.C) the software is widely distributed.D) a new version of the software is released.Answer: CDiff: 2 Page Ref: 433AACSB: Analytic SkillsCASE: Analysis in terms of appraise52) Intellectual property can best be described as:A) intangible property created by individuals or corporations.B) unique creative work or ideas.C) tangible or intangible property created from a unique idea.D) the expression of an intangible idea.Answer: ADiff: 3 Page Ref: 432AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension53) What legal mechanism protects the owners of intellectual property from having their work copied by others?A) Patent protectionB) Intellectual property lawC) Copyright lawD) Fair Use DoctrineAnswer: CDiff: 2 Page Ref: 433AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension54) "Look and feel" copyright infringement lawsuits are concerned with:A) the distinction between tangible and intangible ideas.B) the distinction between an idea and its expression.C) using the graphical elements of another product.D) using the creative elements of another product.Answer: BDiff: 2 Page Ref: 433AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension55) The strength of patent protection is that it:A) puts the strength of law behind copyright.B) allows protection from Internet theft of ideas put forth publicly.C) is easy to define.D) grants a monopoly on underlying concepts and ideas.Answer: DDiff: 3 Page Ref: 433AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension56) One of the difficulties of patent protection is:A) that only the underlying ideas are protected.B) digital media cannot be patented.C) preventing the ideas from falling into public domain.D) the years of waiting to receive it.Answer: DDiff: 3 Page Ref: 433AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension57) Which of the following adjusts copyright laws to the Internet age by making it illegal to circumvent technology-based protections of copyrighted materials?A) Digital Millennium Copyright ActB) Privacy ActC) Freedom of Information ActD) Electronic Communications Privacy ActAnswer: ADiff: 3 Page Ref: 434AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension58) In general, it is very difficult to hold software producers liable for their software products when those products are considered to be:A) part of a machine.B) similar to books.C) services.D) artistic expressions.Answer: BDiff: 2 Page Ref: 435AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension59) ________ are not held liable for the messages they transmit.A) Regulated common carriersB) Private individualsC) Organizations and businessesD) Elected officialsAnswer: ADiff: 2 Page Ref: 435AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension60) It is not feasible for companies to produce error-free software because:A) any programming code is susceptible to error.B) it is too expensive create perfect software.C) errors can be introduced in the maintenance stage of development.D) any software of any complexity will have errors.Answer: BDiff: 2 Page Ref: 436AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension61) The most common source of business system failure is:A) software bugs.B) software errors.C) hardware or facilities failures.D) data quality.Answer: DDiff: 2 Page Ref: 436AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension62) Which of the following is not one of the three principal sources of poor system performance?A) Software bugs and errorsB) Hardware or facility failures caused by natural or other causesC) Insufficient integration with external systemsD) Poor input data qualityAnswer: CDiff: 2 Page Ref: 436AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension63) The "do anything anywhere" computing environment can:A) make work environments much more pleasant.B) create economies of efficiency.C) centralize power at corporate headquarters.D) blur the traditional boundaries between work and family time.Answer: DDiff: 2 Page Ref: 437AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension64) The practice of spamming has been growing because:A) telephone solicitation is no longer legal.B) it is good advertising practice and brings in many new customers.C) it helps pay for the Internet.D) it is so inexpensive and can reach so many people.Answer: DDiff: 2 Page Ref: 440AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension65) The U.S. CAN-SPAM Act of 2003:A) makes spamming illegal.B) requires spammers to identify themselves.C) has dramatically cut down spamming.D) does not override state anti-spamming laws.Answer: BDiff: 2 Page Ref: 440AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension66) Which of the five moral dimensions of the information age does spamming raise?A) Quality of lifeB) System qualityC) Accountability and controlD) Information rights and obligationsAnswer: ADiff: 2 Page Ref: 440AACSB: Ethical Understanding and Reasoning AbilitiesCASE: Evaluation in terms of assess67) Re-designing and automating business processes can be seen as a double-edged sword because:A) increases in efficiency may be accompanied by job losses.B) increases in efficiency may be accompanied by poor data quality.C) support for middle-management decision making may be offset by poor data quality.D) reliance on technology results in the loss of hands-on knowledge.Answer: ADiff: 2 Page Ref: 440AACSB: Ethical Understanding and Reasoning AbilitiesCASE: Evaluation in terms of assess68) The term "________ divide" refers to large disparities in access to computers and the Internet among different social groups and different locations.A) computerB) technologyC) digitalD) electronicAnswer: CDiff: 1 Page Ref: 442AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension69) CVS refers to:A) eyestrain related to computer display screen use.B) carpal vision syndrome.C) wrist injuries brought about by incorrect hand position when using a keyboard.D) stress induced by technology.Answer: ADiff: 2 Page Ref: 443AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension70) ________ can be induced by tens of thousands of repetitions under low-impact loads.A) CTSB) CVSC) RSID) TechnostressAnswer: CDiff: 2 Page Ref: 442-443AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension71) The principles of right and wrong that can be used by individuals acting as free moral agents to make choices to guide their behavior are called ________.Answer: ethicsDiff: 1 Page Ref: 420AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension72) The moral dimension of ________ is concerned with the standards that data and systems should achieve in order to protect individual rights and the safety of society.Answer: system qualityDiff: 2 Page Ref: 421AACSB: Ethical Understanding and Reasoning AbilitiesCASE: Comprehension73) Descartes' rule of change, that if an action cannot be taken repeatedly, it is not right to take at all, is also known as the________ rule.Answer: slippery-slopeDiff: 2 Page Ref: 425AACSB: Ethical Understanding and Reasoning AbilitiesCASE: Comprehension74) ________ refers to the existence of laws that permit individuals to recover damages done to them by other actors, systems, or organizations.Answer: LiabilityDiff: 2 Page Ref: 424AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension75) The ethical principle called ________ asks you to put yourself in the place of others, and think of yourself as the object of the decision.Answer: the Golden RuleDiff: 3 Page Ref: 425AACSB: Ethical Understanding and Reasoning AbilitiesCASE: Comprehension76) ________ is permission given with knowledge of all the facts needed to make a rational decision.Answer: Informed consentDiff: 2 Page Ref: 428AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension77) A(n) ________ is a tiny graphic file embedded in e-mail messages and Web pages that is designed to monitor online Internet user behavior.Answer: Web bugDiff: 2 Page Ref: 430AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension78) The ________ model prohibits an organization from collecting any personal information unless the individual specifically takes action to approve information collection and use. Answer: opt-inDiff: 2 Page Ref: 430AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension79) A(n) ________ grants the owner an exclusive monopoly on the ideas behind an invention for 20 years.Answer: patentDiff: 2 Page Ref: 433AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension80) The commission of acts involving the computer that may not be illegal but are considered unethical is called ________. Answer: computer abuseDiff: 2 Page Ref: 439AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension81) List and describe the five moral dimensions that are involved in political, social, and ethical issues. Which do you think will be the most difficult for society to deal with? Support your opinion.Answer: The five moral dimensions are:(1) Information rights and obligations. What rights do individuals and organizations have with respect to information pertaining to them?(2) Property rights. How can intellectual property rights be protected when it is so easy to copy digital materials?(3) Accountability and control. Who will be held accountable and liable for the harm done to individual and collective information and property rights?(4) System quality. What standards of data and system quality should we demand to protect individual rights and the safety of society?(5) Quality of life. What values should be preserved? What institutions must we protect? What cultural values can be harmed?Individual answers for determining the most difficult for society to deal with will vary. One answer might be: Quality of life issues will be most difficult for society to deal with in societies that are comprised of many different cultural and ethnic groups, such as the United States. It is difficult to regulate concerns that are based on subjective values.Diff: 2 Page Ref: 421AACSB: Analytic SkillsCASE: Evaluation in terms of assess82) Discuss at least three key technology trends that raise ethical issues. Give an example of an ethical or moral impact connected to each one.Answer: Key technology trends include the following: (1) Computer power doubling every 18 months: ethical impact -because more organizations depend on computer systems for critical operations, these systems are vulnerable to computer crime and computer abuse; (2) Data storage costs are rapidly declining: ethical impact - it is easy to maintain detailed databases on individuals -- who has access to and control of these databases?; (3) Data analysis advances: ethical impact -vast databases full of individual information may be used to develop detailed profiles of individual behavior; and (5) Networking advances and the Internet: ethical impact - it is easy to copy data from one location to another. Who owns data? How can ownership be protected?。
管理信息系统(第9版)精要版原书英文版题库答案第9章
Essentials of Management Information Systems, 9e (Laudon/Laudon)Chapter 9 E-commerce: Digital Markets, Digital Goods1) E-commerce refers to the use of any networking technologies to transact business. Answer: FALSEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 305AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension2) Retail consumer e-commerce is still growing at double-digit rates.Answer: FALSEDiff: 3 Page Ref: 305AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension3) The Internet shrinks information asymmetry.Answer: TRUEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 310AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension4) Information asymmetry exists when one party in a transaction has more information for the transaction than the other party.Answer: TRUEDiff: 1 Page Ref: 310AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension5) All previous mass media in modern history, including the printing press, use a broadcast model where content is created in a central location by experts.Answer: TRUEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 310AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension6) Disintermediation provides major benefits to the distributor.Answer: FALSEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 313AACSB: Analytic SkillsCASE: Evaluation in terms of assess7) In general, for digital goods, the marginal cost of producing another unit is about zero. Answer: TRUEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 313AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension8) An example of the service provider business model is Flickr, a photo management and sharing Web site.Answer: TRUEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 316AACSB: Analytic SkillsCASE: Analysis in terms of categorize9) An example of the content provider business model is , a retailer of printed books.Answer: FALSEDiff: 1 Page Ref: 316AACSB: Analytic SkillsCASE: Analysis in terms of categorize10) Podcasting allows subscribers to listen to live, streaming radio and other audio content. Answer: FALSEDiff: 1 Page Ref: 316AACSB: Analytic SkillsCASE: Analysis in terms of examine11) Intellectual property refers to all forms of human expression, both tangible and intangible. Answer: FALSEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 316AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension12) The goal of behavioral targeting is to increase the size of the audience to whom the advertiser can market a product.Answer: FALSEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 322AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension13) Advertising networks track user behavior at a multitude of popular Web sites in order to build profiles of each user.Answer: TRUEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 322AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension14) uses Web personalization as a major marketing tool.Answer: TRUEDiff: 3 Page Ref: 309-310AACSB: Analytic SkillsCASE: Analysis in terms of appraise15) EDI standards that take advantage of network communications have yet to be fully implemented at the industry level.Answer: FALSEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 325AACSB: Use of ITCASE: Comprehension16) In general, the cost of hardware, software, and telecommunications for building and operating a Web site has fallen by over 50 percent since 2000.Answer: TRUEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 332AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension17) Net marketplaces may either support contractual purchasing based on long-term relationships with designated suppliers or short-term spot purchasing.Answer: TRUEDiff: 3 Page Ref: 327AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension18) Exchanges have become one of the most popular types of Net marketplace because they encourage competitive bidding that drives prices down.Answer: FALSEDiff: 3 Page Ref: 327AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension19) Automobile manufacturing is an example of a vertical market.Answer: TRUEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 327AACSB: Analytic SkillsCASE: Analysis in terms of categorize20) Because of outsourcing and increased automation, the costs of system maintenance and content creation have fallen and typically make up less than a quarter of Web site budgets. Answer: FALSEDiff: 1 Page Ref: 332AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension21) Through what channel did e-commerce first evolve?A) Online advertising salesB) Internet portalsC) Online book salesD) Internet service providersAnswer: ADiff: 3 Page Ref: 305AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension22) Based on your reading of the chapter, e-commerce is:A) still in a revolutionary phase.B) widely accepted by consumers, although technology is still quickly changing.C) not yet fully accepted by consumers, although much of its driving technology is firmly in place.D) well entrenched as a form of modern commerce.Answer: ADiff: 2 Page Ref: 306AACSB: Analytic SkillsCASE: Evaluation in terms of assess23) The quality of ubiquity, as it relates to e-commerce, is illustrated by:A) the same set of standards being used across the globe.B) the spread of plentiful, cheap information.C) the enabling of commerce worldwide.D) the availability of the Internet everywhere and anytime.Answer: DDiff: 2 Page Ref: 308AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension24) A marketplace extended beyond traditional boundaries and removed from a temporal and geographic location is called a(n):A) exchange.B) marketspace.C) online marketplace.D) e-hub.Answer: BDiff: 2 Page Ref: 306-308AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension25) In which of the following Internet business models does a merchant create an online digital environment that enables people with like interests to share information or buy and sell goods?A) Community providerB) Service providerC) Market creatorD) Transaction brokerAnswer: ADiff: 2 Page Ref: 317AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension26) Which of the following is not a recent development in e-commerce?A) Wireless Internet connections grow rapidly.B) Social networking sites become a new platform for e-commerce.C) The music recording industry is disrupted as music creation and distribution become decentralized.D) Online entertainment business models surge.Answer: CDiff: 3 Page Ref: 307AACSB: Analytic SkillsCASE: Analysis in terms of examine27) How is the Internet and e-commerce causing severe disruption to the existing advertising business model?A) Ties between customer and businesses are being rethought.B) Technology players such as Yahoo! seek to dominate online advertising and expand into offline ad brokerage.C) New methods of advertising, such as blog advertising, are emerging.D) The market entry costs for online advertising services are extremely low.Answer: BDiff: 3 Page Ref: 307AACSB: Analytic SkillsCASE: Evaluation in terms of assess28) Which of the following is not one of the unique features of e-commerce technology?A) Information densityB) TransparencyC) RichnessD) Social technologyAnswer: BDiff: 2 Page Ref: 308AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension29) The act of engaging consumers in a dialog that dynamically adjusts the experience to the individual describes which dimension of e-commerce technology?A) UbiquityB) Personalization/customizationC) RichnessD) InteractivityAnswer: DDiff: 2 Page Ref: 308, 309AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension30) The integration of video, audio, and text marketing messages into a single marketing message and consumer experience describes which dimension of e-commerce technology?A) UbiquityB) Personalization/customizationC) RichnessD) InteractivityAnswer: CDiff: 2 Page Ref: 308, 309AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension31) The effort required to locate a suitable product is called:A) price discrimination.B) search costs.C) menu costs.D) shopping costs.Answer: BDiff: 2 Page Ref: 309AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension32) The lowered costs of information storage, processing, and communication, along with the improvement of data quality, has resulted in which unique quality of e-commerce?A) Information densityB) RichnessC) CustomizationD) InteractivityAnswer: ADiff: 2 Page Ref: 308-309AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension33) Information density refers to the:A) richness–complexity and content–of a message.B) total amount and quantity of information delivered to consumers by merchants.C) total amount and quantity of information available to all market participants.D) amount of information available to reduce price transparency.Answer: CDiff: 2 Page Ref: 309AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension34) Selling the same goods to different targeted groups at different prices is called:A) cost customization.B) cost optimization.C) price gouging.D) price discrimination.Answer: DDiff: 1 Page Ref: 309AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension35) Information ________ exists when one party in a transaction has more information that is important for the transaction than the other party.A) transparencyB) asymmetryC) complexityD) discriminationAnswer: BDiff: 1 Page Ref: 310AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension36) The cost to a merchant of changing the price of a product is called a ________ cost.A) pricingB) dynamic pricingC) menuD) switchingAnswer: CDiff: 2 Page Ref: 310AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension37) Varying a product's price according to the supply situation of the seller is called ________ pricing.A) menuB) flexibleC) dynamicD) asymmetricAnswer: CDiff: 2 Page Ref: 310-312AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension38) Compared to digital markets, traditional markets have:A) lower search costs.B) stronger network effects.C) higher delayed gratification effects.D) higher transaction costs.Answer: DDiff: 3 Page Ref: 314AACSB: Analytic SkillsCASE: Analysis in terms of compare39) Reducing the business process layers in a distribution channel is called:A) disintermediation.B) BPR.C) market segmentation.D) network effects.Answer: ADiff: 2 Page Ref: 313AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension40) Digital goods are goods that are:A) produced digitally.B) sold over digital networks.C) delivered digitally.D) used with digital equipment.Answer: CDiff: 2 Page Ref: 313AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension41) Compared to traditional goods, digital goods have:A) greater pricing flexibility.B) lower marketing costs.C) higher production costs.D) higher inventory costs.Answer: ADiff: 3 Page Ref: 314AACSB: Analytic SkillsCASE: Analysis in terms of compare42) Compared to traditional markets, digital markets have:A) lower distributed delivery costs.B) higher marginal costs per unit.C) equivalent copying costs.D) similar inventory costs.Answer: ADiff: 3 Page Ref: 314AACSB: Analytic SkillsCASE: Analysis in terms of compare43) Which of the following Internet business models does use?A) Content providerB) PortalC) Market creatorD) E-tailerAnswer: DDiff: 2 Page Ref: 315AACSB: Analytic SkillsCASE: Analysis in terms of categorize44) Which of the following businesses utilizes the content provider Internet business model?A) B) C) D) Answer: CDiff: 2 Page Ref: 316AACSB: Analytic SkillsCASE: Analysis in terms of categorize45) Transaction brokers:A) generate revenue from advertising or from directing buyers to sellers.B) save users money and time by processing online sales transactions.C) provide a digital environment where buyers and sellers can establish prices for products.D) sell physical products directly to consumers or individual businesses.Answer: BDiff: 1 Page Ref: 316AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension46) Market creators:A) save users money and time by processing online sales transactions.B) provide a digital environment where buyers and sellers can establish prices for products.C) create revenue by providing digital content over the Web.D) sell physical products directly to consumers or individual businesses.Answer: BDiff: 2 Page Ref: 317AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension47) Which of the following best illustrates the sales revenue model?A) EBay receives a small fee from a seller if a seller is successful in selling an item.B) Epinions receives a fee after steering a customer to a participating Web site where he or she makes a purchase.C) Flickr provides basic services for free, but charges a premium for advanced services.D) Apple accepts micropayments for single music track downloads.Answer: DDiff: 2 Page Ref: 319-320AACSB: Analytic SkillsCASE: Analysis in terms of categorize48) Which of the following best illustrates the affiliate revenue model?A) EBay receives a small fee from a seller if a seller is successful in selling an item.B) Epinions receives a fee after steering a customer to a participating Web site where he or she makes a purchase.C) Flickr provides basic services for free, but charges a premium for advanced services.D) Apple accepts micropayments for single music track downloads.Answer: BDiff: 2 Page Ref: 320AACSB: Analytic SkillsCASE: Analysis in terms of categorize49) Which of the following best illustrates the transaction fee revenue model?A) EBay receives a small fee from a seller if a seller is successful in selling an item.B) Epinions receives a fee after steering a customer to a participating Web site where he or she makes a purchase.C) Flickr provides basic services for free, but charges a premium for advanced services.D) Apple accepts micropayments for single music track downloads.Answer: ADiff: 2 Page Ref: 320AACSB: Analytic SkillsCASE: Analysis in terms of categorize50) In a phenomenon called ________, some argue that large numbers of people can make better decisions about a wide range of topics or products than a single person or even a small committee of expertsA) the wisdom of crowdsB) outsourcingC) crowdsourcingD) social networkingAnswer: ADiff: 2 Page Ref: 321AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension51) Netflix's public announcement of a reward for a technology solution to its movie recommendation system is an example of:A) prediction marketsB) behavioral targetingC) long-tail marketingD) crowdsourcingAnswer: DDiff: 2 Page Ref: 321AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension52) EBay is an example of:A) C2C e-commerce.B) B2B e-commerce.C) B2C e-commerce.D) M-commerce.Answer: ADiff: 2 Page Ref: 315AACSB: Analytic SkillsCASE: Analysis in terms of categorize53) Selling products and services directly to individual consumers via the Internet best describes:A) B2B e-commerce.B) C2C e-commerce.C) M-commerce.D) B2C e-commerce.Answer: DDiff: 1 Page Ref: 315AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension54) Consumers selling goods and services electronically to other consumers best describes:A) disintermediation.B) C2C e-commerce.C) M-commerce.D) B2C e-commerce.Answer: BDiff: 1 Page Ref: 315AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension55) Exposing an individual to ads that are chosen and based on the recorded and analyzed online behavior of the individual is referred to as:A) clickstream advertising.B) behavioral targeting.C) online profiling.D) long tail marketing.Answer: BDiff: 2 Page Ref: 322AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension56) Which of the following was the leading advertising format in 2009?A) Display adsB) E-mailC) ClassifiedsD) Search engineAnswer: DDiff: 3 Page Ref: 323AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension57) Which of the following statements about B2B commerce is not true?A) Eighty percent of online B2B e-commerce is still based on EDI.B) B2B e-commerce represents approximately three-quarters of the overall B2B marketplace.C) B2B e-commerce only includes commercial transactions between firms.D) B2B e-commerce revenues in 2009 were over $3 trillion.Answer: BDiff: 3 Page Ref: 324-325AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension58) Goods that are involved in the actual production process are referred to as:A) raw materials.B) direct goods.C) purchasing goods.D) indirect goods.Answer: BDiff: 1 Page Ref: 327AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension59) Which of the following statements about m-commerce is not true?A) In 2009, m-commerce represented less than 10 percent of all e-commerce.B) M-commerce is the fastest growing form of e-commerce.C) M-commerce applications are especially popular in Europe, Japan, and South Korea.D) In 2009, the top-grossing category of m-commerce was e-book sales.Answer: DDiff: 2 Page Ref: 327-328AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension60) The system functionalities of an e-commerce site are best described as the:A) general capabilities wanted.B) information systems capabilities wanted.C) information elements needed.D) software and hardware required.Answer: BDiff: 2 Page Ref: 330AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension61) EDI is:A) the use of Internet technologies for electronic data transactions.B) the exchange between two organizations of standard transactions through a network.C) electronic data invoicing.D) electronic delivery infrastructure.Answer: BDiff: 2 Page Ref: 325AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension62) The process of sourcing goods and materials, negotiating with suppliers, paying for goods, and making delivery arrangements is called:A) procurement.B) e-procurement.C) SCM.D) sourcing.Answer: ADiff: 2 Page Ref: 325AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension63) An extranet that links a large firm to its suppliers and other key business partners is called a(n):A) e-hub.B) marketspace.C) exchange.D) private industrial network.Answer: DDiff: 2 Page Ref: 326AACSB: Use of ITCASE: Comprehension64) E-hubs are more ________ than private industrial networks.A) transaction-orientedB) collaborativeC) independentD) supply-chain orientedAnswer: ADiff: 3 Page Ref: 326-327AACSB: Analytic SkillsCASE: Evaluation in terms of assess65) Net marketplaces:A) focus on continuous business process coordination between companies for supply chain management.B) are industry owned or operate as independent intermediaries between buyers and sellers.C) are geared towards short-term spot purchasing.D) are more relationship oriented than private industrial networks.Answer: BDiff: 3 Page Ref: 326-327AACSB: Analytic SkillsCASE: Evaluation in terms of assess66) A third-party Net marketplace that connects many buyers and suppliers for spot purchasing is called a(n):A) exchange.B) vertical market.C) private exchange.D) e-hub.Answer: ADiff: 2 Page Ref: 327AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension67) Which of the following is not one of the categories of services that are popular form-commerce?A) location-based servicesB) financial services.C) games and entertainment.D) retail shopping.Answer: DDiff: 1 Page Ref: 328-329AACSB: Analytic SkillsCASE: Evaluation in terms of assess68) In the United States, m-commerce:A) has become widely adopted.B) is still in its infancy.C) now represents a major fraction of total e-commerce transactions.D) is growing slowly.Answer: BDiff: 2 Page Ref: 327-328AACSB: Analytic SkillsCASE: Analysis in terms of appraise69) You are planning the requirements for a site tracking and reporting system for your company Web site. Which of the following information requirements would not be essential for this function?A) Number of unique visitorsB) Pages visitedC) Products purchasedD) Secure credit card clearingAnswer: DDiff: 2 Page Ref: 330AACSB: Analytic SkillsCASE: Synthesis in terms of build, model70) In which of the following revenue models does a Web site charge a fee for access to some or all of its offerings on a continual, regular basis?A) SubscriptionB) Free/freemiumC) Transaction feeD) SalesAnswer: ADiff: 2 Page Ref: 320AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension71) Content providers use ________ systems to process large amounts of very small monetary transactions cost-effectively.Answer: micropaymentDiff: 2 Page Ref: 320AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension72) ________refers to the ability of consumers to discover what merchants actually pay for products.Answer: Cost transparencyDiff: 2 Page Ref: 309AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension73) ________ are the merchants' costs of changing prices.Answer: Menu costsDiff: 2 Page Ref: 310AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension74) Online ________ marketing is like traditional word-of-mouth marketing except that it is spread via online communities.Answer: viralDiff: 3 Page Ref: 321AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension75) The Internet enables ________ marketing, by leveraging the fact that there is always some demand, however small, for a product.Answer: long-tailDiff: 3 Page Ref: 322AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension76) A(n) ________ is another term for a private industrial network.Answer: private exchangeDiff: 2 Page Ref: 326AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension77) The ________ targeting of ads results in consumers responding ten times more frequently than when delivered ads randomly.Answer: behavioralDiff: 3 Page Ref: 323AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension78) ________ goods, such as office supplies, are those not involved firsthand in the production process.Answer: IndirectDiff: 2 Page Ref: 327AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension79) In Web server ________, a firm purchases or leases a Web server but locates the server in a vendor’s physical facility.Answer: co-locationDiff: 2 Page Ref: 332AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension80) Before building an e-commerce site, business objectives and functionalities must be translated into a set of precise information ________.Answer: requirementsDiff: 2 Page Ref: 330AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension81) What is the most profound way in which e-commerce and the Internet has changed the relationship between companies and their customers? Support your answer.Answer: Student answers will vary. A sample answer is: The most profound way in whiche-commerce and the Internet has changed this relationship is in the shrinking of information asymmetry. An information asymmetry exists when one party in a transaction has more information that is important for the transaction than the other party. That information helps determine their relative bargaining power. In digital markets, consumers and suppliers can "see" the prices being charged for goods, and in that sense digital markets are said to be more "transparent" than traditional markets. For example, until auto retailing sites appeared on the Web, there was a pronounced information asymmetry between auto dealers and customers. Only the auto dealers knew the manufacturers' prices, and it was difficult for consumers to shop around for the best price. Auto dealers' profit margins depended on this asymmetry of information. Today's consumers have access to a legion of Web sites providing competitive pricing information, and three-fourths of U.S. auto buyers use the Internet to shop around for the best deal. Thus, the Web has reduced the information asymmetry surrounding an auto purchase. The Internet has also helped businesses seeking to purchase from other businesses reduce information asymmetries and locate better prices and terms.Diff: 2 Page Ref: 305-332AACSB: Analytic SkillsCASE: Evaluation in terms of assess82) List and describe at least five different Internet business models. Which of these models do you think would be the most risky for a startup business today? Support your answer. Answer: Internet business models include: e-tailer, transaction broker, market creator, content provider, community provider, portal and service. The choice of riskiest model will depend on the individual student. A sample answer is: Today the riskiest model would be a content-provider, because most if not all of the major offline entertainment and content producers such as television networks and newspapers are online. They would be your competitors, and already have the means for content creation and distribution in place. All of the other business models do not have the risk of creating brand new content.Diff: 1 Page Ref: 315-317AACSB: Analytic SkillsCASE: Evaluation in terms of assess83) "Knowledge increases exponentially" is a phrase with which we are all familiar. How does this concept apply to electronic business and the emergence of the digital firm? Support your contentions.Answer: Student answers will vary. A sample answer is: The exponential increases of knowledge refer to shared information. For example, once the concept of a wheel is established, inheritors of that knowledge do not have to "reinvent the wheel." The Internet is a tool similar to the wheel: it is based on shared standards and universal tools. The Internet and shared networking technologies are allowing new techniques for attracting customers and selling customers to be developed and adapted very quickly. For example, although early Internet retailers had difficulty setting up secure credit card transactions and payment systems, today there are many systems in place as vendors step in to create shared tools for doing this. The Internet is fostering shared knowledge and as such propagating ever greater increases in that knowledge.Diff: 3 Page Ref: 305-332AACSB: Analytic SkillsCASE: Synthesis in terms of bringing information together84) Describe the use of personalization and customization in e-commerce. What business value do these techniques have?Answer: In personalization, merchants can target their marketing messages to specific individuals by adjusting the message to a person's name, interests, and past purchases. For example, greets each logged in user with their user name. With customization, merchants can change the delivered product or service based on a user's preferences or prior behavior.The Wall Street Journal Online allows you to select the type of news stories you want to see first and gives you the opportunity to be alerted when certain events happen. The ability of Internet technology to track customer behavior at Web sites, along with records of purchases and other behavior, allows merchants to create a detailed profile of a customer. These profiles can be used to create unique personalized Web pages that display content or ads for products or services of special interest to each user, improving the customer's experience and creating additional value. The business value of personalization is reduced marketing costs, as you spend only the money to target customers that are more likely to be receptive and are more profitable, and improved sales results, from increased customer response to personalized sites that better server their own purposes and shopping needs.Diff: 2 Page Ref: 309-310AACSB: Analytic SkillsCASE: Evaluation in terms of assess。
信息管理系统专业英语第二版参考问题详解
Unit 1【Ex1.】根据课文容，回答以下问题。
1．In human terms and in the broadest sense, information is anything that you are capable of perceiving. 2．It includes written munications, spoken munications, photographs, art, music, and nearly anything that is perceptible.3．If we consider information in the sense of all stimuli as information, then we can’t really find organization in all cases.4．No.5．Traditionally, in libraries, information was contained in books, periodicals, newspapers, and other types of recorded media. People access it through a library’s catalog and with the assistance of indexes, in the case of periodical and newspaper articles.6．puterized “information systems〞.7．The problem for most researchers is that they have yet to discover the organizing principles that are designed to help them find the information they need.8．For library materials, the organizing principle is a detailed subject classification system available for searching in an online “catalog〞.9．The one thing mon to all of these access systems is organization.10．No, it isn’t.【Ex2.】根据给出的汉语词义和规定的词类写出相应的英语单词。
管理信息系统课后习题答案
管理信息系统课后习题答案一、名词解释1. 管理信息系统（Management Information System，MIS）：管理信息系统是一种旨在提高组织管理效率、决策质量和业务流程的集成信息系统。
它通过计算机技术、通信技术和数据库技术，对组织内部和外部信息进行有效管理和利用。
2. 数据库管理系统（Database Management System，DBMS）：数据库管理系统是一种用于管理数据库的软件，它提供数据的定义、创建、维护、查询和更新等功能。
3. 决策支持系统（Decision Support System，DSS）：决策支持系统是一种辅助决策者进行决策的信息系统，它通过分析、模拟和预测等功能，为决策者提供有价值的信息。
二、选择题1. 以下哪个选项不属于管理信息系统的功能？A. 数据采集B. 数据处理C. 数据存储D. 数据传输答案：D2. 以下哪个选项不是数据库管理系统的基本功能？A. 数据定义B. 数据创建C. 数据维护D. 数据加密答案：D三、简答题1. 简述管理信息系统的特点。
答：管理信息系统具有以下特点：（1）面向管理：管理信息系统以提高组织管理效率、决策质量和业务流程为目标。
（2）集成性：管理信息系统将组织内部和外部信息进行集成，形成一个统一的信息系统。
（3）实时性：管理信息系统可以实时处理和传递信息，满足管理活动的实时需求。
（4）动态性：管理信息系统可以根据组织发展和外部环境的变化，不断调整和优化。
（5）安全性：管理信息系统具有严格的安全保障措施，确保信息的保密性、完整性和可用性。
2. 简述决策支持系统的组成。
答：决策支持系统主要由以下几部分组成：（1）数据库：存储与决策相关的数据，为决策者提供数据支持。
（2）模型库：存储各种决策模型，用于分析、模拟和预测。
（3）知识库：存储与决策相关的知识，如专家经验、领域知识等。
（4）用户界面：为用户提供交互式操作界面，方便用户使用决策支持系统。
管理信息系统(第9版)精要版原书英文版题库答案第4章
Essentials of Management Information Systems, 9e (Laudon/Laudon)Chapter 4 IT Infrastructure: Hardware and Software1) IT infrastructure technology is the set of physical devices required to operate the entire enterprise.Answer: FALSEDiff: 1 Page Ref: 117AACSB: Use of ITCASE: Comprehension2) Today, most system and application software is custom built by in-house programmers. Answer: FALSEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 118AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension3) Systems integration means ensuring the legacy systems work with new elements of the infrastructure.Answer: TRUEDiff: 1 Page Ref: 119AACSB: Use of ITCASE: Comprehension4) One of the main benefits of moving to mobile business computing platforms is the dramatically lower costs of hardware.Answer: FALSEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 145AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension5) Today most business firms have discontinued operating their legacy systems, and they have been extremely inexpensive to replace with newer technology.Answer: FALSEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 119AACSB: Use of ITCASE: Comprehension6) A mainframe is a type of legacy workstation.Answer: FALSEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 119AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension7) Client/server computing is the most widely used form of centralized processing. Answer: FALSEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 120AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension8) In two-tiered client/server architecture, the processing is split between the two types of machines.Answer: TRUEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 120-121AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension9) Application server software is responsible for locating and managing stored Web pages. Answer: FALSEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 121AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension10) Autonomic computing is implemented primarily with enterprise or ISP servers. Answer: FALSEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 127AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension11) A computer language translation program is an example of system software. Answer: TRUEDiff: 3 Page Ref: 130AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension12) Java software is designed to run on any computer or computing device, regardless of the specific microprocessor or operating system it uses.Answer: TRUEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 137AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension13) Web services can exchange information between two different systems regardless of the operating system or programming languages on which the systems are based.Answer: TRUEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 138-139AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension14) Hypertext markup language specifies how text, graphics, video, and sound are placed on a document.Answer: TRUEDiff: 1 Page Ref: 138AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension15) XML is limited to describing how data should be presented in the form of Web pages; HTML can perform presentation, communication, and storage of data.Answer: FALSEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 139AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension16) The collection of Web services that are used to build a firm’s software systems constitutes what is known as a service-oriented architecture.Answer: TRUEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 139AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension17) Allowing departments to make their own software and hardware purchases increases efficiency and minimizes the need for centralized support.Answer: FALSEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 143AACSB: Use of ITCASE: Comprehension18) Total cost of ownership components include costs for downtime, training and support. Answer: TRUEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 143AACSB: Use of ITCASE: Comprehension19) SaaS providers deliver and provide Web-based, remote access to storage.Answer: FALSEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 142AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension20) Software localization refers to the entire process of converting software to operate in a second language.Answer: TRUEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 145AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension21) Software that organizes, manages, and processes business data, such as data concerned with inventory, customers, and vendors, is called:A) system software.B) application software.C) data management software.D) network software.Answer: CDiff: 2 Page Ref: 118AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension22) Software that manages the resources of the computer is called:A) system software.B) application software.C) data management software.D) network software.Answer: ADiff: 1 Page Ref: 118AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension23) Software used to apply the computer to a specific task for an end user is called:A) system software.B) application software.C) data management software.D) network software.Answer: BDiff: 2 Page Ref: 118AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension24) Legacy systems are still in use today because:A) they can only be run on the older mainframe computers.B) they are too expensive to redesign.C) many integrate well using new Web services technologies.D) they contain valuable data that would be lost during redesign.Answer: BDiff: 2 Page Ref: 119AACSB: Use of ITCASE: Comprehension25) In co-location, a firm:A) purchases and owns their Web server but locates the server in the physical facility of a hosting service.B) contracts with an external vendor to run their computer center and networks.C) off-loads peak demand for computing power to remote, large-scale data centers.D) utilizes an external, distributed computing grid.Answer: ADiff: 2 Page Ref: 144AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension26) What would be a reason for using a workstation rather than a personal computer?A) When you need more powerful computational abilitiesB) When you need to access a networkC) When you need to serve applications and data to client computersD) When you need to share resourcesAnswer: ADiff: 2 Page Ref: 119AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension27) Which of the following types of computer is used for weather forecasting?A) MainframeB) ServerC) MinicomputerD) SupercomputerAnswer: DDiff: 2 Page Ref: 120AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension28) Connecting geographically remote computers in a single network to create a "virtual supercomputer" is called:A) co-location.B) cloud computing.C) grid computing.D) autonomic computing.Answer: CDiff: 2 Page Ref: 120AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension29) The use of multiple computers linked by a communications network for processing is called:A) grid computing.B) distributed processing.C) client/server computing.D) centralized processing.Answer: BDiff: 2 Page Ref: 120AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension30) The business case for using grid computing involves all of the following except:A) cost savings.B) centralized maintenance.C) speed of computation.D) reliability.Answer: BDiff: 2 Page Ref: 120AACSB: Use of ITCASE: Comprehension31) In a multitiered network:A) the work of the entire network is centralized.B) the work of the entire network is balanced over several levels of servers.C) processing is split between clients and servers.D) processing is handled by multiple, geographically remote clients.Answer: BDiff: 2 Page Ref: 121AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension32) A client computer networked to a server computer, with processing split between the two types of machines, is called a(n):A) service-oriented architecture.B) on-demand architecture.C) multitiered client/server architecture.D) two-tiered client/server architecture.Answer: DDiff: 2 Page Ref: 121AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension33) The primary storage technologies are:A) storage networks, magnetic tape, magnetic disk, and optical disk.B) hard drives, magnetic tape, magnetic disk, and optical disk.C) storage networks, magnetic disks, hard disks, and optical disks.D) hard drives, removable drives, storage networks, and magnetic tape.Answer: ADiff: 2 Page Ref: 121AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension34) Which of the following is a type of optical disk storage?A) CD-ROMB) Hard driveC) USB Flash driveD) Magnetic tapeAnswer: ADiff: 1 Page Ref: 122AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension35) Which of the following storage technology stores data sequentially?A) CD-ROMB) RAIDC) Magnetic disksD) Magnetic tapeAnswer: DDiff: 2 Page Ref: 122AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension36) A high-speed network dedicated to storage that connects different kinds of storage devices, such as tape libraries and disk arrays so they can be shared by multiple servers best describes:A) SSN.B) ASP.C) LAN.D) SAN.Answer: DDiff: 2 Page Ref: 122AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension37) Which of the following is a device used to collect data directly from the environment for input into a computer system?A) SensorB) Touch screenC) Audio inputD) TrackballAnswer: ADiff: 3 Page Ref: 123AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension38) What type of device gathers data and converts them into electronic form for use by the computer?A) Output deviceB) Input deviceC) Optical storageD) Magnetic storageAnswer: BDiff: 2 Page Ref: 122AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension39) Which of the following is not a type of output device?A) SpeakersB) Cathode ray tubeC) Ink jet printerD) KeyboardAnswer: DDiff: 1 Page Ref: 124AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension40) The main challenge coming to Microsoft's Office software suite will be:A) open-source, Linux-based suites such as StarOffice.B) Web-based productivity software such as Google Apps.C) mobile software.D) in-house, custom software created using open-source Web services.Answer: BDiff: 2 Page Ref: 137AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension41) A widget is a(n):A) combination of two Web-based software applications.B) Ajax-enabled Web app.C) small software program that can be added to Web pages or placed on the desktop.D) Java applet that is downloadable over the Internet.Answer: CDiff: 1 Page Ref: 141AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension42) Microsoft Word is an example of:A) open-source software.B) word-processing software.C) software productivity suite.D) data management software.Answer: BDiff: 1 Page Ref: 135AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension43) An example of autonomic computing is:A) virus protection software that runs and updates itself automatically.B) software programmed to run on any hardware platform.C) cell phones taking on the functions of handheld computers.D) programming languages that allow non-programmers to create custom applications. Answer: ADiff: 2 Page Ref: 127AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension44) An industry-wide effort to develop systems that can configure, optimize, tune, and heal themselves when broken, and protect themselves from outside intruders and self-destruction is called:A) grid computing.B) utility computing.C) cloud computing.D) autonomic computing.Answer: DDiff: 2 Page Ref: 127AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension45) Linux plays a major role in back office operations, with about ________ of the U.S. server market.A) 10 percentB) 25 percentC) 50 percentD) 80 percentAnswer: BDiff: 3 Page Ref: 133AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension46) Microsoft Excel is an example of:A) data management software.B) spreadsheet software.C) presentation graphics.D) word processing software.Answer: BDiff: 1 Page Ref: 136AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension47) Which of the following types of computer would you use to support a computer network?A) ServerB) MainframeC) WorkstationD) PCAnswer: ADiff: 1 Page Ref: 130AACSB: Use of ITCASE: Comprehension48) The interactive, multiuser operating system developed by Bell Laboratories in 1969 to be highly supportive of communications and networking is:A) Unix.B) Linux.C) Mac OS.D) COBOL.Answer: ADiff: 2 Page Ref: 131AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension49) Which is the most recent Windows operating system?A) Windows 2010B) Windows VistaC) Windows 7D) Windows XPAnswer: CDiff: 2 Page Ref: 131AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension50) In client/server computing, the client is:A) the computer that acts as the user point of entry.B) the location of the bulk of the processing.C) software program used for logging on to the network.D) the computer that firsts asks for services.Answer: ADiff: 2 Page Ref: 120AACSB: Use of ITCASE: Comprehension51) Which of the following is not one of the most important four programming languages for business?A) JavaB) C++C) COBOLD) Visual BasicAnswer: ADiff: 3 Page Ref: 132AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension52) Linux is:A) primarily concerned with the tasks of end users.B) designed for specific machines and specific microprocessors.C) an example of open-source software.D) especially useful for processing numeric data.Answer: CDiff: 2 Page Ref: 133AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension53) Languages that enable a user to make requests using conversational commands resembling human speech are called:A) query languages.B) natural languages.C) fourth-generation languages.D) nonprocedural languages.Answer: BDiff: 2 Page Ref: 134AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension54) A report generator is a type of:A) procedural language.B) second-generation language.C) graphics language.D) fourth-generation language.Answer: DDiff: 3 Page Ref: 135AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension55) Two categories of fourth-generation languages are:A) graphics language and application software package.B) utility software and computer language translation software.C) Java and C++.D) SOAP and WSDL.Answer: ADiff: 2 Page Ref: 135AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension56) Which type of software provides more control over text and graphic placement in the layout of a page than word processing software?A) Desktop publishing softwareB) Spreadsheet softwareC) Graphics softwareD) Presentation softwareAnswer: ADiff: 2 Page Ref: 136AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension57) A software suite:A) includes capabilities for presentation graphics as well as text-editing and spreadsheets.B) provides functions to support the collaborative activities of workgroups, including software for group writing, information-sharing, and electronic meetings.C) includes full-featured versions of application software bundled as a unit.D) combines the functions of important PC software packages.Answer: CDiff: 2 Page Ref: 137AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension58) Running a Java program on a computer requires:A) a Java Virtual Machine to be installed on the computer.B) a Java Virtual Machine to be installed on the server hosting the Java applet.C) a miniature program to be downloaded to the user’s computer.D) no extra or specialized software, as Java is platform-independent.Answer: ADiff: 2 Page Ref: 138AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension59) Which technology allows a client and server to exchange small pieces of data behind the scene so that an entire Web page does not have to be reloaded each time the user requests a change?A) XMLB) SOAPC) JavascriptD) AjaxAnswer: DDiff: 2 Page Ref: 138AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension60) What is the foundation technology for Web services?A) HTMLB) XMLC) SOAPD) UDDIAnswer: BDiff: 2 Page Ref: 139AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension61) A set of self-contained services that communicate with each other to create a working software application is called:A) Web services.B) enterprise integration.C) SOA.D) SOAP.Answer: CDiff: 2 Page Ref: 139AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension62) , which combines Google Maps with crime data for the city of Chicago, is an example of:A) cloud computing.B) SOA.C) a widget.D) a mashup.Answer: DDiff: 2 Page Ref: 141AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension63) Software applications that combine different online software applications are referred to as:A) integrated software.B) widgets.C) mashups.D) grid computing.Answer: CDiff: 2 Page Ref: 141AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension64) To analyze the direct and indirect costs and determine the actual cost of specific technology implementations, you would use a:A) total cost of ownership model.B) return on investment model.C) breakeven point.D) cost benefit analysis.Answer: ADiff: 2 Page Ref: 143AACSB: Use of ITCASE: Comprehension65) All of the following place strain on system capacity, except for:A) increased number of users.B) minimized response time for transaction processing.C) increased business volume.D) large numbers of interactive Web pages.Answer: BDiff: 2 Page Ref: 142AACSB: Use of ITCASE: Comprehension66) Which of the following refers to the ability of a computer, product, or system to expand to serve a larger number of users without breaking down?A) ModifiabilityB) ScalabilityC) ExpandabilityD) DisintermediationAnswer: BDiff: 2 Page Ref: 142AACSB: Use of ITCASE: Comprehension67) The contracting of custom software development to outside firms is commonly referred to as:A) outsourcing.B) scaling.C) service-oriented architecture.D) application integration.Answer: ADiff: 2 Page Ref: 143AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension68) In order to manage their relationship with an outsourcer or technology service provider, firms need a contract that includes a(n):A) TCO.B) SOA.C) SLA.D) API.Answer: CDiff: 2 Page Ref: 144AACSB: Use of ITCASE: Comprehension69) Which of the following statements is not true about cloud computing?A) It consists of three types of services: cloud infrastructure, cloud platform, and cloud software.B) It removes the concern about data and systems security for businesses.C) It allows smaller firms to use resources previously unaffordable.D) It relies on the Internet as the platform for delivering services to users.Answer: BDiff: 2 Page Ref: 125-126AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension70) Purchasing computing power from a central computing service and paying only for the amount of computing power used is commonly referred to as:A) grid computing.B) utility computing.C) client/server computing.D) autonomic computing.Answer: BDiff: 3 Page Ref: 126AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension71) A(n) ________ fits on a desktop but has more powerful mathematical andgraphics-processing capabilities than a PC.Answer: workstationDiff: 2 Page Ref: 119AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension72) A(n) ________ interface allows users to interact with a computer by using several fingers to perform gestures on a touch-screen.Answer: multitouchDiff: 2 Page Ref: 132AACSB: Use of ITCASE: Comprehension73) ________ uses individual atoms and molecules to create computer chips and other devices that are thousands of times smaller than current technologies permit.Answer: NanotechnologyDiff: 2 Page Ref: 124AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension74) ________ software is free software created and updated by a worldwide community of programmers.Answer: Open-sourceDiff: 2 Page Ref: 133AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension75) A(n) ________ is a prewritten commercially available set of software programs that eliminates the need for a firm to write its own software programs for certain functions. Answer: software packageDiff: 2 Page Ref: 135AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension76) ________ is an operating system-independent, processor-independent, object-oriented programming language that has become a leading interactive programming environment for the Web.Answer: JavaDiff: 2 Page Ref: 137AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension77) A(n) ________ is an easy-to-use software tool for displaying Web pages and for accessing the Web and other Internet resources.Answer: Web browserDiff: 2 Page Ref: 137AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension78) ________ provides a standard format for data exchange, enabling Web services to pass data from one process to another.Answer: XMLDiff: 3 Page Ref: 139AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension79) ________ is the process of predicting when a computer hardware system becomes saturated. Answer: Capacity planningDiff: 2 Page Ref: 142AACSB: Use of ITCASE: Comprehension80) A(n) ________ maintains a large Web server, or series of servers, and provides fee-paying subscribers with space to maintain their Web sites.Answer: Web hosting serviceDiff: 2 Page Ref: 144AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: Comprehension81) Describe the major components of IT infrastructure.Answer: The major components of IT infrastructure are computer hardware, computer software, data management technology, networking and telecommunications technology, and technology services. Computer hardware consists of technology for computer processing, data storage, input, and output, such as large mainframes, servers, midrange computers, desktop and laptop computers, handheld personal digital assistants (PDAs). Computer software includes both system software and application software. System software, such as Windows XP operating system, manages the resources and activities of the computer. Application software, such as Microsoft Word, applies the computer to a specific task for an end user, such as processing an order or generating a mailing list. Data management technology is specialized software to organize the data and make it available to business users. Networking and telecommunications technology provides data, voice, and video connectivity to employees, customers, and suppliers. Technology services includes the people to run and manage the other infrastructure components and to train employees in how to use these technologies for their work.Diff: 2 Page Ref: 117-119AACSB: Use of ITCASE: Analysis in terms of summarize82) An international ad-hoc group of climatologists and oceanographers needs to set up a system to analyze massive amounts of data on ocean temperatures, collected hourly by hundreds of ships worldwide. What types of hardware might they need for storage and processing? What techniques or software might they use to make their research more efficient and lower costs? Answer: To store their data they will need multiple hard drives in a RAID configuration or a SAN. To process their data, they will need a supercomputer or grid computing. To lower costs, they could look at on-demand or utility computing as well, as well as multicore processors and virtualization. They may want to use some fourth-generation languages to aid in their data reporting and analysis, such as query languages, report generators. If they will be using graphical reporting and analysis they may want a graphics language.Diff: 2 Page Ref: 119-129AACSB: Use of ITCASE: Synthesis in terms of create, design83) You are starting a small market research company with a single business partner, and are planning the hardware and software needs for the two of you. You realize that you will need to make daily backups of your data. What choices do you have as backup media, and what will you choose? Why?Answer: Storage options are: magnetic disks or hard drives, USB flash drives, RAID,CD-ROM, CD-R-W, DVD’s, Magnetic tape, SAN. I would probably choose CD-ROM because the data itself do esn’t need to be updated and CD-ROMs are cheaper than RW.Diff: 1 Page Ref: 121-122AACSB: Use of ITCASE: Synthesis in terms of formulate, Evaluation in terms of compare, judge84) List and describe the major trends in computer hardware. Which of these do you think will create the biggest changes in business information systems, and why?Answer: The major trends in hardware are: the emerging mobile digital platform, nanotechnology, cloud computing, autonomic computing, virtualization, and multicore processors. In the mobile digital platform trend, business computing is increasingly moving to smaller, mobile devices such as cell phones, smartphones, and net books. Nanotechnology uses individual atoms and molecules to create computer chips and other devices that are thousands of times smaller than current technologies permit. In cloud computing, firms and individuals obtain computing resources and software applications over the Internet ("the cloud"). Autonomic computing is an industry-wide effort to develop systems that can configure themselves, optimize and tune themselves, heal themselves when broken, and protect themselves from outside intruders and self-destruction. Virtualization is the process of presenting a set of computing resources (such as computing power or data storage) so that they can all be accessed in ways that are not restricted by physical configuration or geographic location. Server virtualization enables companies to run more than one operating system at the same time on a single machine. A multicore processor is an integrated circuit to which two or more processors have been attached for enhanced performance, reduced power consumption and more efficient simultaneous processing of multiple tasks. Student opinions regarding the effects of the trends will vary. An example answer is: I think mobile computing will create the biggest changes, because this means that the amount of information and types of information being used in business, as well as the locations and hours of business, will increase drastically.Diff: 2 Page Ref: 125-125AACSB: Analytic SkillsCASE: Synthesis in terms of formulate, Evaluation in terms of compare, judge85) You are starting an Internet marketing and data mining company. What types of software you can anticipate needing, and what will these types of software be used for?Answer: I anticipate needing:•Operating system software for computers to run.•Word processing software for communications.•Spreadsheet software for modeling data.•Data management software to combine data downloaded/mined from different sources. •Presentation graphics and desktop publishing software for marketing reports.•E-mail, web-browsers for daily communication and research.•May also want fourth-generation language tools for working and reporting from large amounts of data, most importantly query languages and report generators.Diff: 2 Page Ref: 129-137AACSB: Use of ITCASE: Synthesis in terms of create, design86) Distinguish between Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP), Web Services Description Language (WSDL), and Universal Description, Discovery, and Integration (UDDI) and describe what these protocols enable.Answer: Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) is a set of rules for structuring messages that enables applications to pass data and instructions to one another. Web Services Description Language (WSDL) is a common framework for describing the tasks performed by a Web service and the commands and data it will accept so that it can be used by other applications. Universal Description, Discovery, and Integration (UDDI) enable a Web service to be listed in a directory of Web services so that it can be easily located. Companies discover and locate Web services through this directory much as they would locate services in the Yellow Pages of a telephone book. Using these protocols, a software application can connect freely to other applications without custom programming for each different application with which it wants to communicate. Diff: 3 Page Ref: 139AACSB: Analytic SkillsCASE: Analysis in terms of summarize87) Identify and describe some of the current trends in contemporary software platforms. Answer: Current trends in software include open-source software, cloud-based software tools and services, such as mashups, widgets, and software as a service (SaaS). One of the most influential software trends is the movement towards open source software. Open source software is developed by a community of programmers around the world, who make their programs available to users under one of several different licensing schemes. In cloud-based software, users access software tools and services over the Internet, as in the various Google Apps. Other examples are mashups, and widgets. Mashups combine the capabilities of two or more online applications to create a kind of hybrid that provides more customer value than the original sources alone. Widgets are small software programs that can be added to Web pages or placed on the desktop to provide additional functionality. In SaaS, companies,instead of buying and installing software programs, rent the same functions from third party vendors, paying for the software service either on a subscription or per-transaction basis.Diff: 2 Page Ref: 140-142AACSB: Analytic SkillsCASE: Analysis in terms of summarize。
管理信息系统双语总复习
管 理 信 息 系 统
2. Information system strategies for dealing with competitive forces: ★ ★
Low-Cost leadership(成本领先 成本领先) 成本领先 Product differentiation（产品差异化） （产品差异化） Focus on market niche（集中于市场定位） （集中于市场定位） Strengthen customer and supplier intimacy（增强顾客和供应商的亲 （ 密）
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管理信息系统双语——总复习 3. Information VS Data ★ ★ ★ ★ ★
Information: data that have been shaped into a form that is meaningful and useful to human beings. Data: are streams of raw facts representing events occurring in organizations or the physical environment before they have been organized and arranged into a form that people can understand and use.
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管理信息系统双语——总复习 Systems from a Constituency Perspective: ★ ★ ★
Transaction Processing Systems(TPS), Management Information Systems(MIS),
管 理 信 息 系 统
《信息管理与信息系统》专业外语课后答案
《信息管理与信息系统》专业外语课后答案英译汉英文单词解释Unit 11. Management is the attainment of organizational goals in an effective and efficient manner through planning, organizing, leading, and controlling organizational resources.管理是组织目标通过计划、组织、领导、控制组织资源实现的有效方式。
2. Planning defines where the organization wants to be in the future and how to get there.计划决定了组织将来的发展方向和实现方式。
3. Organization failure can occur when managers are not serious about control or lack control information.组织的失败往往在管理人员不认真对待控制或缺乏控制的信息时发生。
4. The ultimate responsibility of managers is to achieve high performance, which is the attainment of organizational goals by using resources in an efficient and effective manner.管理人员的最终责任是获得高业绩，这是组织目标实现的一种有效的利用资源和有效的方式。
5. There are no “peopleless” organizations, so managers must learn how to motivate, lead and communicate; they must also understandinterpersonal relations and the behavior of groups of people.没有任何“peopleless”组织,所以经理们必须学会如何激励、领导和交流,他们也必须理解人际关系和各种人群的行为。
管理信息系统(双语)Chap0022.2 Chap 002
– Gain a competitive advantage – Reduce a competitive disadvantage – Or meet other strategic enterprise objectives
What implications does this shift in the strategic outlook of IT have for traditional IT workers and the educational institutions that train them?
– How does this change the emphasis on what knowledge and skills the IT person of the future should have?
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Case Study Questions
What business and political challenges are likely to occur as a result of the transformation of IT from a support activity to a partner role?
Business value in customer focus
Focus on customer value
Keeps customers loyal Anticipates their future needs Responds to customer concerns Provides top-quality customer service