英语国家概况复习范围

英美概况课后习题

Chapter 1 The Land (P8)

I. Choose the correct answer and circle the letter before it.

(B)1. The full and official name of Great Britain changed into its present-day form in the year of

B .

A. 1920

B. 1927

C. 1914

D. 1945

(B)2. The highest mountain peak in Britain is in _B____.

A. England

B. Scotland

C. Wales

D. Northern Ireland

(A)3. The longest river in Britain is the ___A__ River.

A. Severn

B. Thames

C. Mersey

D. Humber

(D)4. The largest lake in Britain is located in __D___.

A. England

B. Scotland

C. Wales

D. Northern Ireland

(A)5. The highest mountain peak in Britain is called __A___.

A. Ben Nevis

B. Cross Fell

C. Snowdon

D. Scafell

(D)6. The Lake District is well-known for __D___.

A. its wild and beautiful scenery

B. its varied lakes

C. the lake Poets

D. all of the above three

(A)7. Which of the following is NOT the feature of British climate?A

A. coldness

B. more rainy days

C. changeability

D. more fogs

(C) 8. The leading anthracite coalfields in Britain are in ______C_____.

A. Scotland

B. England

C. Wales

D. the North Sea

IV. Translate the following into Chinese

1.Greenwich 格林威治

13.The Thames River 泰晤士河

14.The Severn River 塞汶河

https://www.360docs.net/doc/782054200.html,ke Neigh 讷湖

https://www.360docs.net/doc/782054200.html,ke District 湖区

18.Edinburgh 爱丁堡

19.Cardiff 加的夫

Chapter 2 The People (P17)

I. Choose the correct answer and circle the letter before it.

(C)2. The English people are descendants of C .

A. Celts

B. Romans

C. Anglo-Saxons

D. Danes

(C)3. Middle English took shape about a century after the C Conquest.

A. Roman

B. Anglo-Saxon

C. Norman

D. Danish

(A)6. The established church of Britain is A .

A. The Church of England

B. Free church

C. The United Reformed Church

D. The Church of Scotland

(A)7. Which of the following religious sects does not belong to Free Churches?A

A. the Roman Catholic Church

B. Quakers

C. Methodists

D. Baptists

(A)8. Easter is kept, commemorating the D of Jesus Christ.

A. Coming

B. Birth

C. Death

D. Resurrecting

IV. Translate the following into Chinese

1.Middle English 中期英语

2.Modern English 现代英语

3.The Church of England 英格兰圣公会

6.Christmas 圣诞节

7.Easter 复活节

8.Westminster Abbey 西敏寺大教堂

11.Poets' Corner 诗人角

Questions

1.Shakespeare

Great Tragedies

a)Hamlet

b)Othello

c)King Lear

d)Macbeth

Great Comedies

e)The Merchant of Venice

f)The Twelfth Night

g) A Midsummer Night’s Dream

h)As you Like It

Chapter 4 Parliament and Government (P35)

I. Choices

1.Which of the following statement is NOT true of British political system?B

A.Britain has no codified constitution.

B.Britain is a federal state.

C.Britain still keeps an old-fashioned government.

D.British government is established on the basis of constitutional monarchy.

3. A bill that deals with finance is always introduced _____C_____.

A. by the Chancellor of the Exchequer

B. in the House of Lords.

C. in the House of Commons

D. in the Privy Council

4. In Britain, government cannot spend any money without the permission of ___C________.

A. the Queen

B. the Prime minister

C. the House of Commons

D. the House of Lords

5. The British government ministers are responsible to _____B______ for the work of their department.

A. the House of Lords

B. Parliament

C. the Cabinet

D. the Privy Council

6. All the government ministers of Britain must be members of _____D_____.

A. the House of Lords

B. the House of Commons

C. the Privy Council

D. Parliament

8. Civil servants who are concerned with administration are forbidden ______B___________.

A. to be voters at elections

B. to be candidates for parliament

C. to continue their work when government changes

D. to compete with others for a higher rank

II. Blank Filling

1. The British government is established on the basis of constitutional monarchy.

2. The present sovereign of Britain is Queen Elisabeth II, and Prince Charles is the heir to the throne.

4. Parliament is the supreme legislative authority in Britain.

5. Parliament consists of the Sovereign, the House of Lords and the House of Commons.

6. The president of the House of Lord is the Lord Chancellor, and the presiding officer of the House of Commons is “Mr. Speaker”.

Questions

2.The Privy Council

The Privy Council was formerly the chief source of executive power in the state and give private advice to the King. So the Privy Council was also called the King’s Counci l in history. Today its role is largely formal, advising the sovereign to approve certain government decrees.

Chapter 5 Party Politics and Judiciary (P35)

I．Choices

1.The conservative and the Labour parties have been in power by turns ever since

______C_______.

A. the end of the 19th century

B. the end of the First World War

C. the end of the Second World War

D. the end of 1960s

2.The general election in Britain is held every _________C___ year.

A. 3

B. 4

C. 5

D. 6

7. The party that has the majority of seats in _______A__ will form the government in Britain.

A. the house of Commons

B. the House of Lords

C. the privy Council

D. the Cabinet

14. The Famous “Scotland Yard” refers to ________B____.

A. CIA

B. CID D. New Scotland Yard D. House of Parliament

Chapter 6 Early Man and the Feudal Society (P54)

I. Choose the correct answer and circle the letter before it.

(C) 1. The earliest settlers on the British Isles were the _____C______.

A. Celts

B. Gaels

C. Iberians

D. Brythons

(B) 2. From 700 B.C., the Celts came from the _____B___ and began to inhabit British isles.

A. Iberian Peninsula

B. Upper Rhineland

C. Lower Rhineland

D. Scandinavian countries

(B) 3. In 43 A.D., Roman under ___B____ conquered Britain.

A. Julius Caesar

B. Claudius

C. Augustine

D. the Pope

(B) 4.Roman Britain lasted until the year of ___B___ when all Roman troops went back to the

continent.

A.400 A.D.

B. 410 A.D.

C.445 A.

D. D.449 A.D.

(D) 5.Which of the following was NOT a thing of value left behind by Roman? D

A.Welsh Christianity

B. the Roman Roads

C. cities

D. enormous wealth (A) 6.In the middle of fifth century, Anglo-Saxons came from the region of ___A__ and the low

Countries and settled in Britain.

A.Denmark

B. Norway

C. Germany

D. Holland

(D) 8.Which of the follow kingdoms was NOT set up by Angle? D

A. Northumbria

B. Mercia

C. East Anglia

D. Kent

(A) 9.Which of the follow kingdoms was set up by the Jutes? A

A. Kent

B. Sussex

C. Wessex

D. Essex

(C) 13. “Doomsday Book” was in fact a record of each man’s _________C____.

A. experience

B. behavior

C. property

D. reputation

(B) 15.The Great Charter was made in the interest of ____B___.

A. the King

B. the feudal lords

C. the townsmen

D. the merchants

(B)The first British parliament was summoned in the year of______.

A.1215 B 1265 C.1295 D.1343

Chapter 7 Decline of Feudalism and the Bourgeois Revolution (P65) I. Choose the correct answer and circle the letter before it.

(C) 1. _____C__ launched the Hundred Years’ War.

A. Edward Ⅰ

B. Edward Ⅱ

C. Edward Ⅲ

D. Henry Ⅲ

(C) 2. Which of the following statements is NOT true?C

A. The Hundred Years War was a feudal war.

B. The Hundred Years War was a trade war.

C. The Hundred Years War lasted for one hundred years.

D. The Hundred Years War is one of the historical events that marked the decline of

feudalism in Britain.

(D) 4.Black Death to some extent brought ____D___ to villains.

A.Higher wages

B. greater freedom

C. better life

D. both A and B

(D) 7.War of Roses were fought ____D_ between the Lacastrians and the Yorkists from 1455 to

1485.

A. constantly

B. irregularly

C. continuously

D. intermittently

(D) 9.The House of Tudor was founded in ____D_.

A. 1455

B. 1465

C. 1475

D. 1485

(C) 10.The British Bourgeois Revolution took place in the ___C___ century.

A. 15th

B. 16th

C. 17th

D. 18th

(A) 11. Which of the following statements about the Renaissance is NOT true? A

A. the Renaissance was a revival of interest in many things that the early Middle Ages had

cared about.

B. the Renaissance was a cultural movement by humanists.

C. the Renaissance spread into England under the Tudor.

D. During the Renaissance, the theatre attained great popularity under Elizabeth.

(A）16.The King’s men at the beginning of the first Civil War were called ______A_____.

A. Cavaliers

B. roundheads

C. Puritans

D. Presbyterians

(D) 19. Which of the following statements is NOT true of the Commonwealth period? D

A. Cromwell suppressed the diggers.

B. Cromwell killed Levelers in the army.

C. Cromwell conquered Ireland.

D. Cromwell restored the House of Stuart.

(D) 20.The “glorious revolution” of 1688 put ___D_ on the throne.

A. Charles Ⅰ

B. Charles Ⅱ

C. James Ⅱ

D. William of Orange

Questions

8. Restoration of the Stuart 斯图亚特王朝的复辟

Chapter 8 The Industrial Revolution and the Chartist Movement (P74) Ⅰ.Choose the best answer and circle the letter before it.

(B)1. The British Industrial Revolution first began in the B industry.

A. iron and steel

B. textile

C. coal-mining

D. ship-building

(A)2. A invented the “spinning Jenny.”

A. James Hargreaves

B. Richard Arkwright

C. Edmund Cartwright

D. James Watt

(D)3. As a result of the Industrial Revolution, which of the following statements is NOT true? D

A. Productivity was greatly increased.

B. Unskilled workers were employed.

C. Many new cities sprang up.

D. Workers’ living and worki ng conditions were improved.

Questions

10. What were the consequences(结果) of the British Industrial Revolution?

A: First, the industrial bourgeoisie(工业资产阶级) gained supremacy(最高权力,霸主地位) in the 1840s not only in the economic but also in the political life of the country. Second, productivity was greatly increased. Third, as a result of the growth of industry, population was more and more concentrated in towns and cities.

Chapter 9 The British Empire and British Imperialism (P84)

Ⅰ.Choose the correct answer and circle the letter before it.

(B)1. The first British colony was B.

A. New England

B. Newfoundland

C. West Indies

D. India

(C)5. Which of the following is NOT the feature of imperialism c ?

A. foreign territorial expansion

B. export of capital

C. free competition

D. monopoly

(B)6. Which is NOT the member country of the Triple Alliance b ?

A. Germany

B. France

C. Austria-Hungary

D. Italy

(D)7. Which was NOT the member country of the Triple Entente d ?

A. Britain

B. France

C. Russia

D. Italy

(D)8. Which of the following is NOT true of the depression in1930s d ?

A. Factories closed

B. Banks failed

C. Foreign trade shriveled

D. Unemployment rate was low

(C)9.In 1930s,the League of Nations was controlled by __C__

A. Russia and the US

B. Britain and the US

C. Britain and France

D. Germany and Britain

(C)11. In which year did Japan attack Pearl Harbor c ?

A. 1939

B. 1940

C. 1941

D.1942

(D) 12. The British Commonwealth of Nations is a ________D______ organization.

A. military A. cultural C. economic D. phony

(B) 14. The underlying aim of Thatcherism is _____b_____.

A. nationalization

B. denationalization

C. cutting wages

D. increasing public expenditure (C)15. Mrs. Thatcher failed to win the general election in1990 mainly because of c .

A. the slow development of the British economy

B. the high inflation

C. the high rate of unemployment

D. the high rate of taxes

(C)16. China and Britain established the diplomatic relations at the ambassadorial rank in the year of c .

A. 1950

B. 1954

C. 1972

D. 1997

Chapter 10 The Land (P97)

I. Choose the best answer and circle the letter before it.

(B)1. The continental Unite States is situated in the _C__ part of North America.

A. northern

B. southern

C. central

D. eastern

(B)2. The United States is the ___B___ largest country in the world in terms of area.

A. third

B. forth

C. fifth

D. sixth

(C)3.__C___ is the largest state of the United States in area.

A. Hawaii

B. Texas

C. Alaska

D. Pennsylvania

(D)9. River ____D___ flows through New York City.

A. Missouri

B. St. Lawrence

C. Colorado

D. Hudson

(B)10. Of the five Great Lakes, Lake ____B___ is wholly within the US.

A. Superior

B. Michigan

C. Huron

D. Erie

(C)11. Niagara Falls is located on the US Canadian boundary between____C_____.

A. Lake Michigan and Lake Huron.

B. Lake Huron and Lake Erie.

C. Lake Erie and Lake Ontario.

D. Lake Superior and Lake Michigan

（D）17. the deposits of ________D_____ in the US rank the first in the world.

A. tin

B. copper

C. gold

D. natural gas

(A) 19. the ____A_____ area rich in nonferrous metal deposits in the US.

A. Western mountain ranges

B. great Plains

C. Central Lowland

D. Appalachian mountain range

(D) 20. Which of the following is NOT in Washington D.C.? D

A. the US Capitol

B. the white House

C. Pentagon building

D. the UN headquarters

Ⅴ. Match the names of the cities in Column A with their features in Column B.

Column A Column B.

1. __c_ Washington D.C. a. the third largest city of the US

2. _ d _ New York b. the film center and the second largest city of the US

3. __a _ Chicago c. the seat of the federal government

4. __b _ Los Angeles d. the largest city in the US

5. _ g_ Philadelphia e. Space City USA”

6. __h _ Detroit f. he largest leather, shoe and wool market

7. __e _ Houston g. the seat of the Continental Congress

8. __j San Francisco h. “Motor City ,USA”

9. _ f__ Boston i. one of Americans top steel-making areas

10. i__ Pittsburgh j. the city that has the largest Chinatown

Chapter 11 The People (P107)

Ⅰ. Choose the best answer and circle the letter before in.

(B)1. The dominant ethnic group in the United States today is __B__.

A. the Black people

B. WASPs

C. Asian Americans

D. Hispanics

(B)2. The __B__ constitute the largest ethnic-racial minority group in the United States.

A. American Indians

B. Hispanics

C. Black

D. Asian Americans

(D)3. Race is different from ethnicity because its basis is _D___.

A. country of origin

B. religion

C. language spoken

D. skin color

(A)4. The _ A _are at the very bottom of the society in the United States.

A. Blacks

B. Hispanics

C. non-WASPs

D. Asians

(D)5. The state of __d_ is the largest in population today.

A. New York

B. Colorado

C. Arizona

D. California

(B)7. Hispanics in the US speak __b___

A. English

B. Spanish

C. French

D. their native languages

(D)9. __D__ outnumber other religious groups in the United States.

A. Methodists

B. Congregationalists

C. Quakers

D. Protestants

Questions

1.Should the United States be a melting pot or a salad bowl?

The United States is a nation of many ethnic groups, making it a “melting pot”, meaning people with different cultural and ethnical backgrounds immigrate to the United States, live together, get mixed and build up this culture that is called American culture today.

America is similar to a Salad Bowl, as every culture can find its position in American society. The immigrants may observe the shared culture of US while keeping their original identities.

Chapter 13 Government System (P122)

I. Choices

(B) 2. The president of the United States exercises the _______b____ power.

A. legislative

B. executive

C. Judicial

D. veto

(A) 4. ______A_____ has the veto power in legislation in the United States.

A. President

B. Vice-president

C. Secretary of State

D. Speaker

(B) 5. Congress can veto the President’s veto by a _______B______ vote of the full membership of both houses.

A. two-fifths

B. two-thirds

C. three-fourths

D. three-fifths

(D) 6. Under the US Constitution, the President has the power to _____D____ without the consent of the Senate.

A. appoint high officials

B. sign a treaty with other nations

C. declare war upon other nations

D. sign an executive agreement with other nations.

(B) 7. The Constitution f the United States says that only _______B______ can declare war upon other nations.

A. the President

B. Congress

C. Department of Defense

D. the national Security Council

(B) 8. The department of ______B_ advises the President on foreign relations.

A. Defense

B. state

C. Commerce

D. Labor

(C) 10. FBI and Federal Prisons are among the responsibilities of the Department of ____C____.

A. state

B. Defense

C. Justice

D. Commerce

(D) 13. The number of representatives from each state is fixed according to the size of

_____D_____ the State has.

A. the territory

B. the economy

C. the voters

D. the population

(B) 14. Representatives in the United Sates are elected ___________B______.

A. annually

B. every 2 years

C. every 3 years

D. every four years

(C) 15. Impeachment of the President should be __________C_____.

A. proposed by the Senate and decided on by the House.

B. Proposed by the House and decided on by the Supreme Court

C. proposed by the House and decided on by the Senate

D. proposed by the Senate and decided on the Supreme Court

II. Blank Filling

1. The constitution of United States follows two principles: the federal system and the “separation of powers”.

5. In the United States treaties signed by the President with other nations and officials appointed by him must be confirmed by the Senate.

Questions:

12. What are the two principles followed by the constitution? Explain each.

The federal system means that the states have the right to self-government while the separation of powers means the three branches of the federal government are independent of each other, but each checks the other two (checks and balances).

https://www.360docs.net/doc/782054200.html,ment on the relationship between the President and Congress.

If the president vetoes the bill passed by the congress, his veto may be overruled by a two-thirds vote of both houses of the Congress and the bill became the law.

Chapter 14 State Government and Party Politics (P135)

I. Choices

1. _____B______ is the most important part of a state government.

A. The executive

B. The legislature

C. The Judicial

D. The governor

3. The chief executive of a state is the ___A___________.

A. governor

B. sheriff

C. Supreme Court

D. council

8. Two political parties emerged in the middle of the 19th century united States over the issue of ______A____.

A. slavery

B. the Constitution

C. admission of new states

D. the economic development

11. The General Election in the United States is held every _____B______ years.

A. three

B. four

C. five

D. six

Chapter 15 The Early Colonization (P145)

I. Choose the correct answer and circle the letter before it.

(C)1. Christopher Columbus was a(n) C _ navigator .

A. English

B. French

C. Italian

D. Spanish

(A)2. The New World discovered by Columbus was named after A .

A. Amerigo Vespucci

B. Christopher Columbus

C. Ferdinand Magellan

D. Marco Polo

(B)3. The earliest British settlement on North America was B .

A. Plymouth

B. Jamestown

C. Quebec

D. St. Louis

(B)4. The Puritans’ first settlement on North America was B .

A. Jamestown

B. Plymouth

C. New Orleans

D. Virginia

(11) The Southern Colonies developed a _____C_____ system with the exploitation of slave labor.

A. industrial

B. small farm

C. plantation

D. Slavery

Chapter 16 American Revolution (P155)

I. Choose the correct answer and circle the letter before it .

(C)1.The French and Indian War was a war fought between___C__

A. the French and Indians

B. the English and Indians

C .the French and the English D. The English and the Spanish

(B)2.As a result of the French and Indian War, the __lost all their land in North America.

A. English

B. French

C. Indians

D. Spanish

(C)10. The Second Continental Congress was held in c .

A. New York City

B. Boston

C. Philadelphia

D. Valley Forge

(B)11. Karl Marx called the Declaration of Independence B .

A. the first decision made by the Second Continental Congress

B. the first declaration of the rights of the individual

C. the first Bill of Rights

D. the first Constitution of the United States

(B)12.The victory at ____ was a turning point of the American War of Independence.

A. Trenton

B. Saratoga

C. Valley Forge

D. Yorktown

(C) 13. The Constitutional Convention was held in C in May 1787 .

A. Boston

B. New York

C. Philadelphia

D. Washington D. C.

Questions:

12.Translate the main idea of the Declaration of Independence into Chinese? “We hold these truths to b e self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights, that among these are Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness.”

我们认为下述真理是不言而喻的：人人生而平等，造物主赋予他们若干不可让与的权利，其中包括生存权、自由权和追求幸福的权利。

Chapter 17 American Civil War (P164)

I. Choose the correct answer and circle the letter before it.

(C) 1.The United States purchased Louisiana territory from C in 1893.

A. Indians

B. Spain

C. France

D. Russia

(d)2.The Mexican territories annexed by the United States as a result of the Mexican War include the following present states except__D____.

A. Texas

B. California C Arizona D. Oregon

Questions

18. Translation

We here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain -- that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom -- and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.

我们在此立志宣誓，不能让他们白白死去--要使这个国家在上帝的庇佑之下，得到新生的自由--要使那民有、民治、民享的政府不致从地球上消失。

Chapter 18 US Imperialism (P177)

I. Choose the correct answer and circle the letter before it.

(C) 1.The US imperialism was marked by all the following except c .

A. highly developed industry

B. high concentration of capital

C. free business competition

D. overseas territorial expansion

(B) 4.The Spanish-American War strengthened the US interventions in ____B__.

A. The Far East

B. Americas

C. Europe

D. Africa

(A) 8. Which of the following was NOT the measure of the New Deal? A

A. reducing the public expenditure

B. destroying crops

C. adopting the good neighbor policy towards Latin American countries

D. launching public works

(D)10.The United States and China established diplomatic relations in the year of ____D__

A.1973

B.1972

C.1978

D.1979