21世纪大学英语 综合教程第1单元正文
Language Points:1. chipper— a. happy and activeExamples:Yo u’re looking very chipper this morning.你今天早上看起来很愉快。
He is deeply in love with the girl, her humor and her chipper smile.他深爱着那个女孩，深爱着她的幽默和爽朗的笑容。
2.host—v. to provide the place and everything that is needed for the people invited or for an organized eventExamples:Which country is going to host the next World Cup？哪个国家将会举办下一届世界杯？In China, the wedding is generally hosted by the groom’s family.3. Our communal looks acknowledged to one another that we had experienced minor problems and disturbances before.Paraphrase:Since we had experienced some small problems and unexpected situations when we traveled by air, we exchanged our looks to each other to show we were quite understanding and accustomed to what happened just now.4. grave— a. looking or sounding quiet and serious, especially because sth. important or worrying has happenedExamples:The patient was clearly in an extremely grave condition.显然，这位病人的情况十分严重。
His face was grave as he told them about the accident.他神情严肃地向他们讲述了那场事故.5. announcement— n. an important or official statementExamples:David made the announcement at a news conference.戴维在新闻发布会上发出了公告。
He’ll make an official announce ment later after visiting troops in Iraq.在对驻伊部队的访问结束后，他将发表正式声明。
6. be out of order— be in the wrong order; go wrongExamples:The elevator was out of order, so we had to walk to the tenth floor of the building.由于电梯发生故障，我们只好徒步爬上十楼。
As the floods had put the telephone out of order, we could not find out how they were managing. 由于洪水造成了电话中断，我们无法了解他们的情况。
7．on board.— on a ship, train, plane or other vehiclesExamples:We had a pleasant time on board both ships.我们在两艘船上都度过了快乐的时光。
The captain refused to leave his sinking ship while there were others on board.在船上还有其他人的时候，船长拒绝离开正在下沉的船。
8. No sight has ever been so sobering as that fuel, hundreds of gallons of it, streaming past my window out of the plane’s tanks.Paraphrase:Hundreds of gallons of fuel were dumped from the plane’s tank. The fuel streamed past my window. I have never seen a scene as sobering as this before.9. comfort— v. to make sb. feel less worried, unhappy, or upset, for example by saying kind things to them or touching themExample:Her mother’s words of love comforted the sobbing child妈妈充满爱心的话使哭泣的孩子得到安慰。
— n. a feeling of freedom from worry or disappointmentExample:They love nice things and like to live in comfort他们喜欢美好的东西，过舒适的生活。
10. hysterical—a. unable to control one’s behavior or emotions because of extreme excitement, anger, etc. Examples:He is hysterical at the sight of the photo.他一看到那张照片就异常激动。
You are getting hysterical, maybe you should try to calm down.你越来越激动了，也许你应该试着冷静下来。
11. fellow— n. people that you work with, study with, or who are in the same situation as you Examples:You must not let fellow workers take advantage of your fine talents.不要让你的同事利用你的才能。
He was a bright little fellow with a fresh-looking face他是一个聪明的小伙子，有着鲜活帅气的面容。
12. be stunned by— be shocked byExamples:She was stunned by the news of he r son’s death.她儿子的死讯令她震惊。
He was too stunned by what had happened to say anything.他对所发生的事情感到十分震惊，一时说不出话来。
13. grim— a. looking or sounding very serious; making you feel worriedExamples:He has to acknowledge the grim fact.他不得不承认这无情的事实。
Given these grim realities, how should the effort at reform be pursued?考虑到这些严酷的现实，改革的努力又应如何继续呢？14. composure— n. the state of feeling or seeming calmExamples:I did my best to regain my composure.我尽了最大的努力恢复镇静。
She maintained her composure, though with difficulty, throughout the trial?尽管十分困难，她在审讯中还是尽力保持冷静？15. tremor— n. a slight shaking or trembling movementExamples:Her behavior caused a great tremor in the society.她的行为在社会上引起了极大震动。
There had been a tremor so slight that I did not even feel it.发生的震动十分轻微，我甚至都没有感觉到。
16. clench—v. to hold one’s hands, teeth, etc. together tightly, usually out of anger or determination Examples:He clenched his teeth and refused to tell anything.他咬紧牙关，什么也不肯说。
The boy clenched his fists, ready to defend himself.小男孩攥紧拳头，准备保护自己。
17. assure— v. to make certain of; be careful or certain to do sthExamples:Halfway through the survey, he began assuring me there was only “one last question”.调查进展到一半时，他努力使我相信只剩下“最后一个问题了”。
Instead, you can earn her trust by assuring her that you will do your work to her specifications. 相反，你可以通过向她保证你会按照她的要求做事来赢得她的信任。
18. chaos— n. a situation in which everything is happening in a confused way and nothing is organized or arranged in orderExamples:Chaos in one area is likely to spread to another.在一个地区发生的骚乱很有可能扩散到另一地区。
21世纪大学实用英语综合教程(第二册)课文翻译及课后习题答案unit-1
Unit 1误会佚名他头发蓬乱，衣着肮脏，口袋里只有35美分。
在马里兰州的巴尔的摩，他登上一辆公共汽车并径直走向了洗手间。
他想如果他躲在洗手间里，便可以不付钱就乘车去纽约。
但是坐在公共汽车后面的一位乘客看见了他。
她拍了拍她前面那位乘客的肩膀说：“洗手间里有个流浪汉。
告诉公共汽车司机。
”那位乘客轻轻地拍了一下坐在他前面的人，说道：“告诉公共汽车司机，洗手间里有个流浪汉。
这口信通过一个又一个的乘客传到了公共汽车的前边。
但在这一过程的某个环节，口信变了。
当它传到公共汽车司机那儿时，已经不是“洗手间里有个流浪汉”，而是“洗手间里有颗炸弹”。
司机马上在公路边停下车来并用无线电通知了警察。
当警察到达时，他们让乘客下车并且远离汽车。
然后他们关闭了那条公路。
那很快就造成了15英里长的交通堵塞。
警察在警犬的帮助下，在公共汽车上搜查了两个小时。
当然，他们没有发现什么炸弹。
两个发音相似的英语单词给一个想从洛杉矶飞往加利福尼亚州奥克兰的人也造成了麻烦。
他的问题始于洛杉矶机场。
他以为听到广播中宣布了他的航班，所以他走向登机门，出示了机票并登上了飞机。
起飞20分钟后，这人开始担心起来。
奥克兰在洛杉矶的北边，但是飞机似乎正在向西飞，而当他向窗外望去时，他所能看到的全是大海。
“这架飞机是去奥克兰吗?”他问航班服务员。
航班服务员倒抽了一口冷气，“不，”她说。
“我们去奥克兰——新西兰的奥克兰。
”因为有这么多英文单词发音相似，讲英语者之间的误会并不罕见。
并非所有的误会都会导致公路关闭或乘客飞错大陆。
大多数误会远没有这么严重。
每天讲英语的人会相互问这样的问题:“你是说七十还是十七?”“你是说你能来还是不能来?”发音相似的单词对把英语作为第二语言的人来说，特别容易让人混淆。
一天早晨，一位生活在美国的韩国妇女到上班地点时，她的老板问她：“你拿到盘子了吗?” “没有……”她回答说，心里却在纳闷，不知道他到底是什么意思。
她在办公室工作。
老板为什么问她盘子的事呢？一整天她都对老板的怪问题感到纳闷，但又不好意思开口问他。
21世纪大学实用英语综合教程第二册Unit1(可编辑修改word版)
教案授课单元21世纪大学实用英语综合教程第二册Unit 1本（章）节授课方式课堂讲授（√）实践课（）教学时数6本（章）节教学目标After studying this unit, the students are expected to1.master the basic language and skills necessary to ask for and giveclarification;2.understand the main ideas of Text A, Text B and Text C, and master theuseful sentence structures and words and expressions found in the exercises relevant to the first two texts;3.know how to write a letter of invitation;4.know how to use V+V-ing;5.guess the meaning of unknown words in context.授课要点教学重点和难点Teaching focus:1. Master the basic language and skills necessary to make requests2. Explain some language points to the Ss.3. Explain some grammar points to the Ss.Teaching difficulties:1. How to improve Ss’ speaking ability.2. How to improve Ss’ listening ability.思考题或作业1.Review the key expressions from the previous lesson.2.Read Text B of this unit, and deepen the understanding of the theme in this unit. -Share reflections on this theme in class.3.Review the new words and phrases of this text. Try to use them in daily life.4.Finish the reading and listening tasks of this unit.教学内容与组织安排1st period Text A (Global Reading)2nd period Text A (Detailed Reading)3rd period Grammar Review4 th period Practical Writing5th period Text B6th period Improve Your Reading Skills1st period Text A (Global Reading)1 Background InformationEnglish LanguageThe English language is the most widely spoken language in the world. It is used as either a primary or secondary language in many countries.During the 1500s, fewer than 2 million people spoke English. All of them lived in what is now Great Britain. Through the centuries, as the result of various historical events, English spread throughout the world. Today, about 400 million people speak English as their native language. Most of them live in Australia, Canada, Great Britain, Ireland, New Zealand, South Africa, and the United States.Another 100 million people living chiefly in Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, and in many African countries speak English in addition to their own language. An additional 200 million people probably know at least some English. (From the 1998 World Book Multimedia Encyclopedia)Characteristics of EnglishVocabulary. English has a larger vocabulary than any other language. There are more than 600,000 words in the largest dictionaries of the English language.Some English words have been passed on from generation to generation as far back as scholars can trace. These words, such as woman, man, sun, hand, love, go, and eat, express basic ideas and feelings. Later, many words were borrowed from other languages, including Arabic, French, German, Greek, Italian, Latin, Russian, and Spanish. For example, algebra is from Arabic, fashion from French, piano from Italian, and canyon from Spanish.A number of words, such as doghouse and splashdown, were formed by combining other words. New words were also created by blending words. For example, motor and hotel were blended into motel. Words can be shortened to form new words, as was done with history to form story. Words called acronyms are formed by using the first letter or letters of several words. The word radar is an acronym for radio detection and ranging.Pronunciation and spelling in English sometimes seem illogical or inconsistent. Many words are spelled similarly though pronounced differently. Examples include cough, though, and through. Other words, such as blue, crew, to, too, and shoe, have similar pronunciations but are spelled differently. Many of these variations show changes that occurred during the development of English. The spelling of some words remained the same through the centuries, though their pronunciation changed.Grammar is the set of principles used to create sentences. These principles define the elements used to assemble sentences and the relationships between the elements. The elements include parts of speech and inflections.Parts of speech are the word categories of the English language. Scholars do not all agree on how to describe the parts of speech. The traditional description listseight classes: nouns, pronouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, prepositions, conjunctions, and interjections. The most important relationships of the parts of speech include subject and verb, verb and predicate, and modifier and the word modified.English has fewer inflections than most other European languages. An English noun has only two inflections, the plural and the possessive. Inflections are used to change the tense and number of a verb or the case of a pronoun. Inflections can change adjectives to the comparative or the superlative — for example, big, bigger, biggest.American EnglishAmerican English is a variety of the English language spoken in the United States. Although all Americans do not speak the same way, their speech has enough in common that American English can be recognized as a variety of English distinct from British English, Australian English, and other national varieties. American English has grown up with the country. It began to diverge from British English during its colonial beginnings and acquired regional differences and ethnic flavor during the settlement of the continent.Today it influences other languages and other varieties of English because it is the medium by which the attractions of American culture — its literature, motion pictures, and television programs — are transmitted to the world.Characteristics of American EnglishA. PronunciationIn broad terms, Canadian and American speakers tend to sound like one another. They also tend to sound different from a large group of English speakers who sound more British, such as those in Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa. For example, most Canadians and Americans pronounce an r sound after the vowel in words like barn, car,and farther, while speakers from the British English group do not. Also, some British English speakers drop h sounds at the beginning of words, so that he and his are pronounced as if they were spelled ee and is. The English spoken in Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa sounds more like British English than American English does because these varieties have had less time to diverge from British English. The process of separate development began later in these countries than in North America.In some cases there are differences between American English and British English in the rhythm of words. British speakers seem to leave out a syllable in words like secretary, as if it were spelled secretry, while Americans keep all the syllables. The opposite is true of other words, such as specialty, which Americans pronounce with three syllables (spe-cial-ty) while British speakers pronounce it with five syllables (spe-ci-al-i-ty). Vowels and consonants may also have different pronunciations. British speakers pronounce zebra to rhyme with Debra, while American speakers make zebra rhyme with Libra. Canadian and British speakers pronounce the word schedule as if it began with an sh sound, while Americans pronounce it as if it began with an sk sound.B. WordsThe most frequently used words are shared by speakers of different varieties of English. These words include the most common nouns, the most common verbs, and most function words (such as pronouns, articles, and prepositions). The different varieties of English do, however, use different words for many words that are slightly less common — for example, British crisps for American potato chips, Australian billabong for American pond, and Canadian chesterfield for American sofa. It is even more common for the same word to exist with different meanings in different varieties of English.Corn is a general term in Britain, for which Americans use grain, while corn in American English is a specific kind of grain. The word pond in British English usually refers to an artificial body of water, whereas ponds also occur naturally in North America. British English chemist is the same as American English drugstore, and in Canada people go to the druggist. Many of the words most easily recognized as American in origin are associated with aspects of American popular culture, such as gangster or cowboy.C. SpellingAmerican English spelling differs from British English spelling largely because of one man, American lexicographer Noah Webster. In addition to his well-known An American Dictionary of the English Language (1828), Webster published The American Spelling Book (1783, with many subsequent editions), which became one of the most widely used schoolbooks in American history. Webster’s books sought to standardize spelling in the United States by promoting the use of an American language that intentionally differed from British English. The development of a specifically American variety of English mirrored the newcountry’s separate political development. Webster’s most successful changes were spellings with or instead of our (honor, labor for the British honour, labour); with er instead of re (center, theater for the British centre, theatre); with an s instead of a c (defense, license for the British defence, licence); with a final ck instead of que (check, mask for the British cheque, masque); and without a final k (traffic, public, now also used in British English, for the older traffick, publick). Later spelling reform created a few other differences, such as program for British programme. Canadian spelling varies between the British and American forms, more British in eastern Canada and more American in western Canada.2. Group DiscussionHave you ever had an experience in which you are misunderstood or have failed to understand others? Misunderstandings can result from the spoken form or written form of the language that you use.2nd period Text A (Detailed Reading)Words and Expressions & Difficult Sentences1) misunderstanding: n. (an example of) wrong understanding 误解，误会e.g. Her poor French often leads to misunderstandings when she visits France. misunderstand: vt. understand wrongly 误解e.g. I’m sorry, I misunderstood you.It seems that you have misunderstood what I said at the meeting.2) get on: board (a bus, a train, etc.)登上（公共汽车、火车等）e.g. When I got on the bus, I found all the seats were occupied.They felt worried when they realized that they had got on the wrong train.3) head for: go towards 向…走去；朝…行进e.g. The ship was heading for Britain.He headed for the bus stop.4) … he could ride to New York without paying.介词without 解释为“不、未”，其后跟动词时，须用V-ing形式。
21世纪大学实用英语综合教程1练习及课文翻译答案
21 世纪大学实用英语综合教程（第一册）课后答案及课文翻译Text A 大学——我一生中的转折点佚名作为一名一年级新生初进大学时，我害怕自己在学业上搞不好。
我害怕独自一人在外，因为我是第一次远离家人。
这里周围都是我不认识的人，而他们也不认识我。
我得和他们交朋友，或许还得在我要学的课程上跟他们在分数上进行竞争。
他们比我更聪明吗？我跟得上他们吗？他们会接受我吗？我很快就认识到，我的生活现在就取决于我自己了。
如果我要在学业上取得成功，我就必须制定一份学习计划。
我必须调整花在学习上的时间和花在社交上的时间。
我必须决定什么时候上床睡觉，什么时候吃什么，什么时候喝什么，对什么人表示友好。
这些问题我都得自己回答。
开始时，生活有点艰难。
我在怎样利用时间上犯了错误。
我在交朋友上花的时间太多了。
我还在怎样选择大学里的第一批朋友上犯了一些错误。
然而不久，我就控制住了自己的生活。
我做到了按时上课，完成并交上了第一批作业，而且以相当好的成绩通过了前几次考试。
此外，我还交了一些朋友，跟他们在一起我感到很自在，我能把我担心的事告诉他们。
我建立了一种真正属于我自己的常规——一种满足了我的需要的常规。
结果，我开始从一个不同的视角看待我自己了。
我开始把自己看作是一个对自己负责也对朋友和家人负责的人。
凡事自己做决定并看到这些决定最终证明是明智的决定，这种感觉很好。
我猜想这就是人们所说的“成长”的一部分吧。
我未来的生活将会怎样呢？在人生的这一阶段，我真的不能确定我的人生之路最终将会走向何方，我真的不知道在以后的几年中我会做什么。
但我知道，我能应对未来，因为我已经成功地跃过了我生命中的这一重要障碍：我已经完成了从一个依赖家人给予感情支持的人向一个对自己负责的人的过渡。
Practice 51. smart2. succeed3. shortly4. managed5. share6.fear7. responsible8. however9. enter 10. surrounded 11.handle 12. comfortablePractice 61. is up to2. keep up with3. under control4. at first5. grew up6. make friends with7. turned out8. as a result9. set up 10. in addition Practice 71. how to play the game2. where I wanted to go3. whether they would accept him or not4. what to do and how to do it5. whom to love and whom not to6. when he made that decision Practice 81. I see Li Ming as my best friend. We share the same hobbies and interests.2. They looked upon their math teacher as their best teacher.3. We think of this place as our home.4. They looked on their college life as their happiest years in their life. Practice 91. John is both smart and responsible. He likes to make friends with other people.2. I have made the decision to compete for the new post. You cancompete for it, too. It’s up to you.3. Shortly after the doctor came, he managed to have my father ’s illness under control.4. As freshmen, most of us do not know what college life has in store for us, but we all know that we must do well in our studies.5. To succeed in college, we must keep up with the other students and set up a routine that meets out needs.6. Though the assignments last week turned out to be more difficult than I thought, I handed them in on time.Text B 我希望从大学教育中得到什么亚历克西斯?沃尔顿中学毕业后，我计划做几件事。
21世纪大学实用英语(综合教程)第一册Unit1-6课文翻译与课后答案
21世纪大学实用英语(综合教程)第一册Unit1-6课文翻译与课后答案21世纪大学实用英语综合教程（第一册）Unit1~6课文翻译及课后答案第一单元Text A 大学——我一生中的转折点佚名作为一名一年级新生初进大学时，我害怕自己在学业上搞不好。
我害怕独自一人在外，因为我是第一次远离家人。
这里周围都是我不认识的人，而他们也不认识我。
我得和他们交朋友，或许还得在我要学的课程上跟他们在分数上进行竞争。
他们比我更聪明吗？我跟得上他们吗？他们会接受我吗？我很快就认识到，我的生活现在就取决于我自己了。
如果我要在学业上取得成功，我就必须制定一份学习计划。
我必须调整花在学习上的时间和花在社交上的时间。
我必须决定什么时候上床睡觉，什么时候吃什么，什么时候喝什么，对什么人表示友好。
这些问题我都得自己回答。
开始时，生活有点艰难。
我在怎样利用时间上犯了错误。
我在交朋友上花的时间太多了。
我还在怎样选择大学里的第一批朋友上犯了一些错误。
然而不久，我就控制住了自己的生活。
我做到了按时上课，完成并交上了第一批作业，而且以相当好的成绩通过了前几次考试。
此外，我还交了一些朋友，跟他们在一起我感到很自在，我能把我担心的事告诉他们。
我建立了一种真正属于我自己的常规——一种满足了我的需要的常规。
结果，我开始从一个不同的视角看待我自己了。
我开始把自己看作是一个对自己负责也对朋友和家人负责的人。
凡事自己做决定并看到这些决定最终证明是明智的决定，这种感觉很好。
我猜想这就是人们所说的“成长”的一部分吧。
我未来的生活将会怎样呢？在人生的这一阶段，我真的不能确定我的人生之路最终将会走向何方，我真的不知道在以后的几年中我会做什么。
但我知道，我能应对未来，因为我已经成功地跃过了我生命中的这一重要障碍：我已经完成了从一个依赖家人给予感情支持的人向一个对自己负责的人的过渡。
Practice 51. smart2. succeed3. shortly4. managed5. share6. fear7. responsible 8. however 9. enter 10. surrounded 11. handle 12. comfortablePractice 61. is up to2. keep up with3. under control4. at first5. grew up6. make friends with7. turned out8. as a result9. set up 10. in additionPractice 71. how to play the game2. whereI wanted to go3. whether they would accept him or not4. what to do and how to do it5. whom to love and whom not to6. when he made that decisionPractice 81. I see Li Ming as my best friend. We share the same hobbies and interests.2. They looked upon their math teacher as their best teacher.3. We think of this place as our home.4. They looked on their college life as their happiest years in their life.Practice 91. John is both smart and responsible. He likes to make friends with other people.2. I have made the decision to compete for the new post. You can compete for it, too.3. Shortly after the doctor came, he managed to have my father’s illness under control.4. As freshmen, most of us do not know what college life has in store for us, but we all know that we must do well in our studies.5. To succeed in college, we must keep up with the other students and set up a routine thatmeets out needs.6. Though the assignments last week turned out to be more difficult than I thought, I handed them in on time.Text B 我希望从大学教育中得到什么亚历克西斯·沃尔顿中学毕业后，我计划做几件事。
21世纪大学实用英语综合教程1练习及课文翻译答案
21世纪大学实用英语综合教程1练习及课文翻译答案21世纪大学实用英语综合教程（第一册）课后答案及课文翻译texta大学――我一生中的转折点佚名做为一名一年级新生_大学时，我惧怕自己在学业上诺艾莱县。
我惧怕独自一人出外，因为我就是第一次入离家人。
这里周围都就是我不重新认识的人，而他们也不重新认识我。
我得和他们交朋友，或许还得在我要学的课程上跟他们在分数下行竞争。
他们比我更聪明吗？我跟上他们吗？他们可以编解我吗？我很快就认识到，我的生活现在就┚鲇谖易约毫恕ｈ绻我要在学业上┑贸晒γ我就必须制定一а习计划。
我必须调整花在学习上的时间和花在社交上的时间。
我必须决定什么时候上床睡觉，什么时候吃什么，什么时候喝什么，对什么人表示友好。
这些问题我都得自己回答。
已经开始时，生活有点艰困。
我在怎样利用时间常犯了错误。
我在交朋友上花的时间太多了。
我还在怎样挑选大学里的第一批朋友常犯了一些错误。
然而不久，我就控制住了自己的生活。
我做到了按时上课，完成越簧狭说谝慌作业，而且以相当好的成绩通过了前几次考试。
此外，我还交了一些朋友，跟他们在一起我感到很自在，我能把我担心的~告诉他们。
我建立了一种真正属于我自己的常_――一种满足了我的需要的常_。
结果，我已经开始从一个相同的视角对待我自己了。
我已经开始把自己看做就是一个对自己负责管理也对朋友和家人负责管理的人。
凡~自己搞同意钥吹秸庑┚龆ㄗ钪舱盖っ陈胡敲打髦的同意，这种感觉较好。
我悖论这就是人们所说的“蜕变”的一部分吧。
我未来的生活将可以怎样呢？在人生的这一阶段，我真的无法确认我的人生之路最终将可以迈向何方，我真的不晓得在以后的几年中我会搞什么。
但我晓得，我能够应当对未来，因为我已经成功地跃过了我生命中的这一重要障碍：我已经完成了从一个依赖家人给予感情支持的人向一个对自己负责的人的过渡。
practice51.isupto2.keepupwith3.undercontrol4.atfirst5.grewup6.makefriendswith7.turnedout8.asaresult9.setup10.inadditionpractice71.howtoplaythegame2.whereiwantedtogo3.whethertheywouldaccepthimornot4.whattodo andhowtodoit5.whomtoloveandwhomnotto6.whenhemadethatdecisionpractice81.iseelimingasmybestfriend.wesharethesamehobbiesandinterests.2.theylookedupontheirmathteacherastheirbestteacher.3.wethinkofthisplaceasourho me.4.theylookedontheircollegelifeastheirhappiestyearsintheirlife.practice91.johnisbothsmartandresponsible.helikestomakefriendswithotherpeople.3.shortlyafterthedoctorcame,hemanagedtohavemyfather’sillnessundercontrol.4.asfreshmen,mostofusdonotknowwhatcollegelifehasinstoreforus,butweallknowthatw emustdowellinourstudies.5.tosucceedincollege,wemustkeepupwiththeotherstudentsandsetuparoutinethatmeets outneeds.6.thoughtheassignmentslastweekturnedouttobemoredifficultthanithought,ihandedth eminontime.textb我期望从大学教育中获得什么亚历几滴魉?沃尔顿中学毕业后，我计划做几件~。
全新版大学英语综合教程-1-Unit1-课文正文电子书及翻译
When we are writing we are often told to keep our readers in mind, to shape what we say to fit their tastes and interests. But there is one reader in particular who should not be forgotten. Can you guess who? Russell Baker surprised himself and everyone else when he discovered the answer.我们写作时常常被告诫，脑子里要有读者，笔者所云一定要符合读者的口味和兴趣。
但有一位读者特别不该忘记。
你能猜出是谁吗？当拉塞尔·贝克找到这个问题的答案时，他自己和别人都感到大为惊讶。
Writing for MyselfRussell Baker 1 The idea of becoming a writer had come to me off and on since my childhood in Belleville, but it wasn't until my third year in high school that the possibility took hold. Until then I've been bored by everything associated with English courses. I found English grammar dull and difficult.I hated the assignments to turn out long, lifeless paragraphs that were agony for teachers to read and for me to write.为自己而写拉塞尔·贝克从孩提时代，我还住在贝尔维尔时，我的脑子里就断断续续地转着当作家的念头，但直等到我高中三年级，这一想法才有了实现的可能。
21世纪英语综合教程课后答案(第一册和第二册全)
第一单元_E/Xk!Text A Tax Competition Spurs GlobalizationeKey to the exercisesM@<J1. Reading comprehensioni+(1) The economic forces behind globalization include rising trade and investmentCRv flows, greater labor mobility, and rapid transfers of technology. Those trendsulshave been stimulated by the deregulation of financial markets, reductions in trade#f5ap barriers, and lower communication costs._>(:(2) Most economists support globalization because it raises the incomes of people<qy worldwide. Another lesser noticed benefit is that it makes it harder forA$6 governments to sustain excessively high tax rates. When economic integration_ increases, individuals and businesses gain the freedom to take advantage of lowvytax rates abroad.|F"(3) It shows that some smart nations like Ireland are treating international tax?oQ competition as an opportunity, not a threat.?qLS[h(4) First, high tax countries have urged international organizations to reduceD.ip7B tax competition. Second, many nations are adding layers of complex rules onWw.H NxmyNmbusinesses to discourage them from investing abroad, rather than reducing tax7burdens so that businesses want to invest at home.`k(5) Because there are more opportunities and lower taxes in cities such as+>vicbLondon.@g:!V')blPX(6) The author cites the case of Ireland to show that with the reduction of taxes,G>N&yBa large number of immigrants are attracted, and people at home are unwilling top:%0_X=migrate out. The lower one country’s tax is, the more skille d people arewin%4W [-attracted.z1'+(7) Because market competition encourages production efficiency. Tax competition8zvprovides an incentive to improve government efficiency. For example, the FederalUIM74@ f$}?}kgovernment is no longer a monopoly—Americans now are able to invest abroad,rb eR!,retire in a low tax Caribbean country, or move their business to low taxc:7 $ v\HIreland. Accordingly, the Federal government needs to reform the tax code andep n?qF.kprovide services more efficiently to encourage Americans and their money to staylHq E_Ea@at home.MC`(8) Tax competition among countries should be a win win policy, as it restrains}urWS}vx3governments and helps spur global economic growth.2. V ocabularyT|a:H(1) d(2) g(3) k(4) i(5) b(6) m(7) c(8) f(9) n(10) a3. ParaphraseEqz@I[g5u(1) Until now, basic economic forces have gone beyond political efforts to makeE782|Fdthis trend slow. Efforts to oppose economic globalization have extended from anti_+q.{ }%3globalization protests to Congressional law making to prevent American< S$companies from building subsidiary business in foreign countries.Y{6]A^(2) Some nations are treating tax competition as a useless and disadvantageous]M?a^n{thing. High tax countries have urged international organizations, such as the)=%` vVjZvborganization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), to ease tax%+9yo t!competition.Fy5MG{Chq(3) And many nations are formulating a series of complex rules on businesses so asI=7scCxp$to try to keep them from investing abroad, instead of reducing tax burdens so thatP_0N :[businesses are willing to invest at home.%]3!"(4) The U.S. is divided into this group because it has one of the highest3*i~Ocorporate tax rates. Nevertheless, America continues to put off reforming taxH"$VXv t~$Ybopolicies, which is expected for a long time.[b9(T'DKY(5) International investors have been affected easily by changes and differencesTDdO/`tOtbetween national tax rates as their investment choices have increased.bl`bU _W(6) Another noticeable issue is that many businesses used to invest in foreignX8T]X.h-country only want to take the opportunity for fixed resources, such as oilC6i7S vdeposits. Today, many industries-such as finance and services-are free to invest90 k@8C<\and can set up new firms anywhere.&//sIY~5(7) For example, in recent year Canadian policymakers have to consider angT/Jimportant issue that a group of skilled and talented people from technologyI:N, t*-industries in Canada have emigrate to its lower tax southern neighbor, the U.S.oLV~kj _y(8) For many years, young Irish people went to America and other foreign(countries, and tried to find a way to live a better life. But after Irelandkj?W@Rpreduced individual tax and then quickly cut corporate tax, the pattern of6WKWpWout migration was changed around completely in this country.H\Mbe9r(9) To keep the skilled labor from leaving their own country to other countries,C[2governments had to direct spending and tax levels to satisfy local residents. InDm Dvwhich country Individuals chose to reside according to their demand for publicu%P $mjgoods relative to local tax levels.!0|MB1O;m(10) If the U.S. makes progress in tax reform, other nations would probably reform6NC/yHQ*\+their taxes in the same way, as they did when the U.S. reduced rates in the:78>u,3&1980s.sKg9_W$Zf=4. ClozeC`e8>}=~J(1) and(2) understand(3) about(4) sides(5) what(6) bad(7) nor(8) properly(9)(-p&7o0M#-destroy(10) says(11) which(12) stronger(13) behind(14) up(15) While(16) unique(17)+js pRdark(18) benefits(19) from(20) rule5. Translationw@xcI'A. Translate the following paragraphs into Chinese.^sXh&w~由于殖民地与许多海外地区的大量贸易，所有欧洲重要商业国以及它们在西半球领地的金银铸D7F\">UJP币在北美东海岸都可以自由交换。
21世纪大学英语综合教程第1单元正文
21世纪大学英语综合教程第1单元正文授课题目Unit One——Hero and CourageMain Reading: Text A What Courage Looks Like教学进程Leading-in: Warm-up ExercisesPut the following words and expressions to the correct categories.courageous gloomy calm hystericalfurious assuring fragile collectedsteady anxious panic soberpeaceful grimWords and expressions describing negative feelings in an emergency :____________________________________Words and expressions for describing positive feelings in an emergency :____________________________________Cultural notes:1. Martin Luther King, Jr. (January 15, 1929 – April 4, 1968) was an American clergyman, activist and prominent leader in the African-American civil rights movement. King's efforts led to the 1963 March on Washington, where King delivered his "I Have a Dream" speech. There, he raised public consciousness of the civil rights movement and established himself as one of the greatest orators in U.S. history.2. Horatio Nelson (29 September 1758 – 21 October 1805) was a flag officer famous for his service in the Royal Navy, particularly during the Napoleonic Wars. The English admiral and naval hero was noted for his bravery and for his victories, including the decisive Battle of Trafalgar. He ranks as the lastgreat naval hero of a proud seafaring nation.3. Joan of Arc, nicknamed ―The Maid of Orléans‖ (1412 – 30 May 1431), is a folk heroine of France and a Roman Catholic saint.A peasant girl born in what is now eastern France who claimed divine guidance, she led the French army to several important victories during the Hundred Years' War, which paved the way for the coronation of Charles VII of France.4. Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi(2 October 1869 –30 January 1948), commonly known as Mahatma Gandhi, was the preeminent leader of Indian nationalism in British-ruled India. Employing non-violent civil disobedience, Gandhi led India to independence and inspired movements for non-violence, civil rights and freedom across the world.Language Points:1. chipper— a. happy and activeExamples:Yo u’re looking very chipper this morning.你今天早上看起来很愉快。
21世纪大学实用英语综合教程1单元
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Time Contents
Plan
3 periods
Text A & textrelated exercises
1) Starter
After a brief explanation of the instructions, the teacher asks each student to recount an unforgettable thing that his or her parents did to him or her, and what he or she will do on Mother’s Day; (half a period)ter studying this unit, the students are expected to be able to
1. grasp the language for expressing gratitude; 2. understand the main ideas of Texts A and B, and master
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1 period Practical Writing
Plan
2) Practical Writing
The teacher tells the students how to fill in an English application form by explaining Ex.11 of Practical Writing, and then the students should complete the form in Ex.12 and do Ex.13 with the help of the teacher in class.
全新版大学英语综合教程-1-Unit2-课文正文电子书及翻译
All the Cabbie Had Was a LetterFoster Furcolo1He must have been completely lost in something he was reading because Ihad to tap on the windshield to get his attention. 出租车司机拥有的就剩一封信福斯特 ?弗克洛他准是完全沉浸在所读的东西里了，因为我不得不敲挡风玻璃来引起他的注意。
2"Is your cab available?" I asked when he finally looked up at me. He nodded, then said apologetically as I settled into the back seat, "I'm sorry, but I was reading a letter." He soundedas if he had a cold or something. 他总算抬头看我了。
“你出车吗？”我问道。
他点点头，当我坐进后座时，他抱歉地说：“对不起，我在读一封信。
”听上去他像是得了感冒什么的。
3 "I'm in no hurry," I told him. "Go ahead and finish your letter." “我不着急，”我对他说，“你接着把信读完吧。
”4 He shook his head. "I've read it several times already. I guess I almost know it by heart." 他摇了摇头。
“我已经读了好几遍了。
我想我都能背出来了。
”5"Letters from home always mean a lot," I said. " At least they do with mebecause I'm on the road so much." Then, estimating that he was 60 or 70 years old,I guessed: "From a child or maybea grandchild?" “家书抵万金啊，”我说。