名词性从句提纲

名词句从句名词性从句：在句子中起名词作用的句子。

Henry,an American businessman,was an honest man so he received one million pound bank note.名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组，它在复合句中能担任能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词性从句又可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句。

一、名词性从句的引导词分为三类：连接词、连接代词、连接副词连接词：引导名词性从句的连接词有as，as if，because，that，whether，if。

that与whether/if在从句中不充当任何成分，只起到引导从句的功能。

that没有实际意义，whether/if意为“是否”。

That prices for vegetables will go up is certain.(that引导主语从句，不作成分）He said that he had already known the news.(that引导宾语从句，不作成分）He asked if Mr.Gilbert’s operation had been successful and the doctor told him that it had been. (if引导宾语从句，不作成分）Whether you win or not doesn’t matter.(whether引导主语从句，不作成分)Whether和if的区别：Whether/if均为“是否”的意思。

但在下列情况下，whether不能被if替代。

1.Whether引导主语从句并置于句首时Whether he can come to the party on time depends on the traffic.2.引导表语、同位语从句时The question is whether we can get in touch with her.3.引导介词后的宾语从句时I’m thinking about whether I should quit my present job.4.后紧跟不定式或or not时I don’t know whether or not he arrives.She didn’t know whether to laugh or to cry.2.连接代词连接代词既指具有代词的特点，同时又能引导从句的词，主要有what，whatever，who，whoever，whom，whose，which，whichever。

这些词在从句中既作特定的成分，又有具体的含义，不能省略。

What we should do with the problem is undecided.What worries us most is who let out the secret.3.连接副词连接副词既指具有副词的特点，同时又能引导从句的词，主要有when，where，how，why，whenever，wherever。

这些词在从句中既作特定的成分，又有具体的含义，不能省略。

When we shall meet again is unknown.I don’t know how I can get out of such trouble.一、表语从句在句中作表语的从句称为表语从句。

可以引导表语从句的连接词主要有that，whether，wh-类连接词，as,as if, as though,because等1.that引导的表语从句The point is that we can’t convince the court of his guilt.特别提示：主语是表示“计划，建议，要求，命令”的词，如suggestion,advice,order,demand,等时，表语从句的谓语动词常用should+动词原形，should可以省略。

My advice is that you(should)think it over before you make a decision.2.Whether引导的表语从句The point is whether we can convince the court of his guilt.3.wh-类连接词引导的表语从句Wh-类连接词包括连接代词（who，whom，whose，what）和连接副词（when，where，how，why）The problem is who we can get to replace her.This is what I am interested in.4.as if,as though引导的表语从句此类表语从句常跟在特定动词后面，如seem,appear,look,taste,sound,feel等。

It sounds as if someone is knocking at the door.It seemed as if the world was at an end.提示：as if和as though引导表语从句时，表示与事实不符时可用虚拟语气。

It looks as if she were drunk.It appeared as if he hadn’t met her.5.Because引导的表语从句That’s because he didn’t understand me.It’s just because he doesn’t know her.6.主语是reason,表语从句用that引导，不用why或because.The reason why I’m phoning you is that they want to invite you to a party.One reason why/for which Hamlet is such a successful play is that it appeals to many different people.The reason why something happens is that+从句The reason I’m phoning you is that they want to invite you to a party.One reason why/that Hamlet is such a successful play is that it appeals to many different people.二、宾语从句在句子中起宾语作用的从句称为宾语从句。

宾语从句可以分为三类：动词的宾语从句、介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。

一、动词后的宾语从句I expect(that)your team will win.He told me(that)he would come to the wedding party.Can you figure out what the poet really means in this poem.Make sure that there are no mistakes in your papers before you turn them in.We should keep it in mind that sports can help us develop both our bodies and characters.特别提示：在动词find,feel,think,consider,make,believe,guess,suppose等后有宾语补足语时，则需要用it作形式宾语，而将that宾语从句后置。

I think it necessary that we take plenty of boiled water every day.I have made it a rule that I keep diaries.2.动词hate,like,take,have,rely on,take for granted(理所当然）等表示“喜欢，痛恨，认为”的词或短语和see to（注意，留意）后不能直接跟宾语从句，需先用it做形式宾语，然后再接宾语从句。

I hate it when they talk with their mouth full of food.When you start the engine,you must see to it that the car is in neutral.Some students just take it for granted that they will pass the exams.二.介词后的宾语从句介词后一般常用wh-类连接词引导宾语从句She is always thinking of how she can do more for others.We are talking about whether we admit students into our club.三、形容词后的宾语从句sure，certain,glad,pleased,happy,afraid,surprised,satisfied,sorry等表示“态度，情感”的形容词后也可带宾语从句。

We are all pleased that we have once again overcome the difficulty.I’m sure that they will make it in spite of the terrible weather.I am extremely sorry that I have troubled you so much.宾语从句的注意事项：宾语从句需要用陈述语序I am wondering if you could help me.He asked me when we would start out the next day.2.宾语从句中引导词that不可省略的情况（1）介词except,but,besides,in等后跟that引导的宾语从句时in that因为except that除了…之外besides that此外but that要不是，若非The Swede stood quite still,except that his lips moved slightly.The little girl would have fallen into the river but that the policeman caught her.I was lucky in that I was able to find a good baby-sitter.（2）that引导的宾语从句和主句之间有插入语时I think,first of all,that we must believe in ourselves.（3）当it作形式宾语，that引导的宾语从句后置时We have made it clear that we will learn to deal with various difficult problems.（4）当that引导的宾语从句是以that（this)作主语时，常不可省略。