教师资格证考试英语学科知识与教学能力(初级中学)真题2012年下半年
教师资格证考试英语学科知识与教学能力(初级中学)真题2012年下半年(总分：150.01，做题时间：120分钟)一、单项选择题(本大题共30小题，每小题2分，共60分)(总题数：22，分数：60.00)1.__________River Ganges is the most sacred river to Hindus and is also a lifeline to millions of Indians who live along its course and depend 6n it for their daily needs．A.The √B.／C.AD.An解析：River Ganges“恒河”，属于江河湖海这一类名词，故前面要加定冠词the，所以选择A项。
2.This is the first time l__________her sin9，and I hope it is the last．A.hearB.had heardC.heardD.have heard √解析：本题考查的是现在完成时的用法。
This is／was the first(second， third．…)time that．．．结构，后面的谓语动词要用现在完成时／过去完成时。
3.__________Kelly likes to sin9，her twin sister prefers to dance．A.AsB.While √C.SinceD.Although解析：本题句意为：凯利喜欢唱歌，而她的双胞胎妹妹喜欢跳舞。
while在此作连词，表示对比，意为“然而”。
故选择B项。
4.Being a direct relative of the deceased，her claim to the estate was__________ ．A.optionalpulsoryC.1egitimate √D.prominent解析：本题句意为：作为死者的直系亲属，她继承遗产是合法的。
A项意为“可选择的”；B项意为“义务的”；C项意为“合法的，正当的”；D项意为“突出的，显著的”，故选择C项。
5.The lexical relation between damp and m0／st is__________．A.synonymy √B.antonymyC.hyponymyD.homonymy解析：本题句意为：damp和moist的词汇关系是同义关系。
A项意为“同义关系”：B项意为“反义关系”；C项意为“上下位关系”；D项意为“同音异义”，damp和moist都有“潮湿的”之意，所以选择A项。
6.The mode of operation in passing laws in the U．S．Congress has many__________，but there is no attempt being made to improve it．A.optionsB.solutionsC.advantagesD.drawbacks √解析：本题句意为：美国议会中制定法律的模式有很多的弊端，但没人设法去改进。
A项意为“选择”；B项意为“解决方案”；C项意为“优势，特点”；D项意为“缺点，弊端”，所以选择D项。
7.Which of the following sets of English sounds differs only in one distinctive feature?A.／f／／θ／／s／／∫／√B.／f／／θ／／z／／∫／C.／f／／θ／／z／／3／D.／f／d／／z／／3／解析：A项所有音标都是清辅音。
8.Which of the following correctly describes the word stress?A.Origin，Original，OriginalityB.ORigin，oRiginal，oRiginalityC.Origin，oRiginal，origiNAlity √D.ORigin，oRiginal，originality解析：9.In attempting to investigate the complex nature of second language learnin9，we have to appealto ideas not only from linguistic analysis，but from all the following fields EXCEPT__________．cationB.psychologyC.sociologyD.mythology √解析：A项意为“教育学”；B项意为“心理学”；C项意为“社会学”；D项意为“神话学”，“神话学”是指关于神话故事的科学研究，与二语学习无关，所以选择D项。
10.Which of the following is a slip of tongue?A.Black shoes．B.Black holes．C.Black bloxes．√D.Black boxes．解析：题干的意思是：以下哪一个属于口误?A、B、D三项都不是口误，C项想表达的是黑色的盒子，即black boxes，属于口误，所以选择C项。
11.A teacher handed out a list of twenty“if’’sentences and asked students to discuss and find out the grammatieal rules．What is the teacher’s grammar teaching method?A.Deduction √B.PresentationC.ConsolidationD.Induction解析：演绎法是英语语法教学中常用的一种方法，一般是老师写出很多例句，然后引导学生分析语法规则。
A项意为“演绎法”；B项意为“描述法”；C项意为“巩固法”；D项意为“归纳法”。
所以选择A 项。
12.When you focus on“utteI'OXICe function”and“expected response”by using examples like “apology／acceptance．inform／acknowledge”，you ale probably teaching language atthe__________.A.lexical levelB.discourse level √C.story levelD.grammatical level解析：A项意为“词汇上”；B项意为“语篇上”；C项意为“故事上”；D项意为“语法上”，根据题干表述可知，通过apology(道歉)／acceptance(接受)，inform(通知)／ac-knowledge(收到)的例子来集中探讨“言语功能”以及“期待反应”时，属于语篇的教学。
所以选择B项。
13.Asking students to explain new words in a text with known words is NOT all actof__________.A.elicitationB.reinforcementC.management √D.production解析：“管理”不是用已知词汇解释新词汇的一种手法。
A项意为“启发”；B项意为“强化”；C项意为“管理”；D项意为“再现”，所以选择C项。
14.Which of the following is an accuracy-oriented speaking activity?A.Identifying particular phonemes on the tape √B.Acting out the roles in the classroomC.Greeting people informally in pairsD.Having discussion in groups解析：A项意为“识别录音中的特殊语音”B项意为“在课堂上扮演不同的角色”；C项意为“两人一组用非正式的方式打招呼”；D项意为“分组讨论”，识别录音中的特殊语音属于听力的准确性，所以选择A项。
15.Which of the following is NOT suitable pre-listening activity?A.Writing a similar text．√B.Discussing a relevant picture．C.Writing questions about the topic．D.Learning vocabularies about the topic．解析：[解析】A项意为“写一篇相关的文章”；B项意为“讨论相关的图片”：C项意为“写与话题相关的问题”；D项意为“读与话题相关的问题”。
听前活动指的是在听材料之前让学生做好听音准备的各种教学活动。
一般有学习新单词、观看相关图片、提出启发性问题或介绍相关背景知识等活动。
写一篇相关的文章，时间太长，不属于听前准备活动。
所以选择A项。
16.Writing exercises such as completion，reproduction，compression，and translation are mainly the type of exercises used in__________．A.incentive writingB.guided writing √C.free writingD.creative writing解析：A项意为“激励性写作”；B项意为“指导性写作”；C项意为“自由写作”；D项意为“创造性写作”。
写作练习，例如完整的范丈，复制，压缩，转化，这些主要都是指导性写作中会用到的练习步骤。
所以选择B项。
17.Student：I’m very down．My dad get seriously ill last week，and l’m… Teacher：N0．Not get．Say got because it’S in the past．The conversation above shows that theteacher__________．A.focuses on accuracy only √B.1acked confidence in the studentC.had a good rapport with the studentD.failed to understand what the student said解析：根据题干表述可知，该教师只强调了表述的准确性，而没有对学生提供的其他信息作出应有回应。
2012年下半年教师资格证考试《教育知识与能力》(中学)真题(解析)
2012年下半年教师资格证考试《教育知识与能力》（中学）真题（解析）1本题考查对调查方法的理解情况。
个案调查是对一个人、一个群体、一件事、一个社会集团或一个社区所进行的深入全面的调查。
为获取相关资料而对一所学校或一个学生进行的专门调查属于个案调查。
故D项正确。
A项：全面调查是指国家统计系统和各个业务部门为了定期取得系统的、全面的基本统计资料，按一定的要求和表式自上而下统一布置、自下而上提供资料的一种统计调查方法。
与题干不符，排除。
B项：重点调查是指在全体调查对象中选择一部分重点单位进行调查，以取得统计数据的一种非全面调查方法，对这部分重点单位进行调查所取得的统计数据能够反映社会经济现象发展变化的基本趋势。
与题干不符，排除。
C项：抽样调查是根据随机的原则从总体中抽取部分实际数据进行调查，并运用概率估计方法，根据样本数据推算总体相应的数量指标的一种统计分析方法。
与题干不符，排除。
故正确答案为D。
2本题考查对教育家的认知情况。
马卡连柯是苏联杰出的教育家、作家，苏联十月革命胜利后，专门从事流浪犯罪儿童教育。
其主要著作有《教育诗》《1930年进行曲》《塔上旗》《父母必读》《儿童教育讲座》《论共产主义教育》以及许多教育论文和讲演等。
故C项正确。
A项：克鲁普斯卡娅，苏联杰出的教育家，无产阶级政治活动家，列宁的夫人和亲密战友。
她一生致力于研究马克思主义的教育科学，并担任苏维埃教育领导工作，做出了突出贡献。
其代表作是《国民教育和民主主义》《克鲁普斯卡娅教育文选》等。
与题干不符，排除。
B项：加里宁，苏联政治家、革命家、早期的国家领导人，提出“教师是人类灵魂的工程师”。
其代表作有《论共产主义教育和军事义务（言论选集）》《未来属于你们》《论共产主义觉悟的教育》等。
与题干不符，排除。
D项：凯洛夫，苏联著名的教育家，主要著作有《教育学》。
与题干不符，排除。
故正确答案为C。
3本题考查对学生身心发展的影响因素的理解情况。
影响人格和身心发展的因素有生物遗传、社会文化、家庭、学校教育和个体主观。
2012下半年教师资格《中学教育知识与能力》真题及答案解析
2012下半年教师资格《中学教育知识与能力》真题及答案解析2012年(下半年)全国教师资格考试《教育知识与能力》(初、高中)真题一、单项选择题(本大题共21小题，每小题2分，共42分。
在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的，请用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案字母按要求涂黑。
错选、多选或未选均元分。
)1．在教育调查研究中，为获取相关资料而对一所学校或一个学生进行的专门调查属于（）。
A．全面调查B．重点调查C．抽样调查D．个案调查2．苏联十月革命胜利后，专门从事流浪犯罪儿童教育，著有《教育诗》、《论共产主义教育》的教育家是（）。
A．克鲁普斯卡娅B．加里宁C．马卡连柯D．凯洛夫3．在外部条件大致相同的课堂教学中，每个学生学习的需要和动机不同，对教学的态度和行为也各式各样，这反映了（）因素对学生身心发展的影响。
A．遗传素质B．家庭背景C．社会环境D．个体能动性4．在教育目的价值取向问题上，主张教育是为了使人增长智慧、发展才干、生活更加充实幸福的观点属于（）。
A．个人本位论B．社会本位论C．知识本位论D．能力本位论5．当前我国九年制义务教育学制年限划分采取的是（）。
A．“六三”制B．“五四”制C．九年一贯制D．多种形式并存A．发扬积极因素与克服消极因素相结合B．理论与实践相结合C．集体教育与个别教育相结合D．严格要求与尊重学生相结合12．王老师讲课时，迟到的钱冰突然推门而人，同学们不约尔同地把目光投向了他。
学生的这种心理活动属于（）。
A．无意识记B．有意识记C．无意注意D．有意注意13．如右图所示，这个图形虽不是封闭的，但我们知觉它时，通常不会把它知觉成四条分割的线段，而把它知觉成完整的图形，这反映的是知觉的（）特性。
A．整体性B．选择性C．理解性D．恒常性14．耶克斯和多德森在研究动机强度与学习效率之间的关系时发现（）。
A．动机越低，学习效率越高B．动机越高，学习效率越高C．任务难度不同，其最佳动机强度不同D．任务难度不同，其最佳动机强度相同15．方雨认为社会法制应符合社会大众权益，当它不符合时就应该修改。
[职业资格类试卷]2012年下半年中学教师资格认定考试(初级英语学科知识与教学能力)真题试卷.doc
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[职业资格类试卷]2012年下半年中学教师资格认定考试（初级英语学科知识与教学能力）真题试卷一、单项选择题1 ______ River Ganges is the most sacred river to Hindus and is also a lifeline to millions of Indians who live along its course and depend on it for their daily needs. （A）The（B）/（C）A（D）An2 This is the first time I______her sing, and I hope it is the last.（A）hear（B）had heard（C）heard（D）have heard3 ______Kelly likes to sing, her twin sister prefers to dance.（A）As（B）While（C）Since（D）Although4 Being a direct relative of the deceased, her claim to the estate was______.（A）optional（B）compulsory（C）legitimate（D）prominent5 The lexical relation between damp and moist is______.（A）synonymy（B）antonymy（C）hyponymy（D）homonymy6 The mode of operation in passing laws in the U.S. Congress has many______, but there is no attempt being made to improve it.（A）options（B）solutions（C）advantages（D）drawbacks7 Which of the following sets of English sounds differs only in one distinctive feature?（A）/f//θ//s//∫/（B）/f//θ//z//∫/（C）/f//θ//z//3/（D）/f//d//z//3/8 Which of the following correctly describes the word stress?（A）Origin, Original, Originality（B）oRigin, oRiginal, oRiginality（C）Origin, oRiginal, origiNality（D）oRigin, oRiginal, Originality9 In attempting to investigate the complex nature of second language learning, we have to appeal to ideas not only from linguistic analysis, but from all the following fields Except______.（A）education（B）psychology（C）sociology（D）mythology10 Which of the following is a slip of tongue?（A）Black shoes.（B）Black holes.（C）Black bloxes.（D）Black boxes.11 A teacher handed out a list of twenty "if" sentences and asked students to discuss and find out the grammatical rules. What is the teacher's grammar teaching method?（A）Deduction.（B）Presentation.（C）Consolidation.（D）Induction.12 When you focus on "utterance function" and "expected response" by using examples like "apology / acceptance, inform / acknowledge", you are probably teaching language at the______.（A）lexical level（B）discourse level（C）story level（D）grammatical level13 Asking students to explain new words in a text with known words is NOT an actof______.（A）elicitation（B）reinforcement（C）management（D）production14 Which of the following is an accuracy-oriented speaking activity?（A）Identifying particular phonemes on the tape.（B）Acting out the roles in the classroom.（C）Greeting people informally in pairs.（D）Having discussion in groups.15 Which of the following is NOT a suitable pre-listening activity?（A）Writing a similar text.（B）Discussing a relevant picture.（C）Writing questions about the topic.（D）Learning vocabularies about the topic.16 Writing exercises such as completion, reproduction, compression, and translation are mainly the type of exercises used in______.（A）imitative writing（B）guided writing（C）free writing（D）creative writing17 Student: I'm very down. My dad get seriously ill last week,and I'm ... Teacher: No. Not get. Say got because it' s in the past.The conversation above shows that the teacher______.（A）focuses on accuracy only（B）lacked confidence in the student（C）had a good rapport with the student（D）failed to understand what the student said18 If a teacher gets an incorrect answer from students, it is most appropriate for him or her to say "______" in order to encourage them.（A）No. I don't like your answers.（B）Nonsense, it is not what I want!（C）Your answer is far beyond the point.（D）You missed the point, but I'm glad you mentioned another point.19 When a student said in class, "I goed there yesterday." the teacher responded, "Say it again, please." The response is an example of______.（A）recast（B）modification（C）positive feedback（D）postponed feedback20 When students engage in group work, the teacher moves around to provide help if necessary and make sure they are doing the task properly. This is called______.（A）instructing（B）observing（C）monitoring（D）evaluating20 Coasts mark the area where dry land meets oceans or other large bodies of water. They are one of the most active environments found on Earth. The coastal landscape is ever-changing. It reflects the conflicting processes of erosion and deposition. It is a landscape that is affected by the interactions of the Earth, the Moon, and the Sun.Coasts are among the most beautiful and inspiring landscapes on the planet, whether they are scenes of torrential storms or serene calm. Throughout recorded history, humans have sought to live on or near coasts. Although coasts account for only 10 percent of Earth's land surface, they serve as home to two thirds of the world' s human population. Coasts and shore, coastline and shoreline, are commonly used in place of each other. Technically, they are different areas along a coastal landscape. The line that marks the boundary between water and land is the shoreline. It constantly <u>fluctuates</u> because of the regular action of waves and tides. The shore is that strip of ground bordering a body of water that is alternately covered or exposed by waves or tides. The boundaries of the shore are marked by the shoreline at its farthest seaward(low tide)and farthest landward(high tide).Tide is the periodic rising and falling of water in oceans and other large bodies of water in response to the gravitational attraction of the Moon and the Sun upon Earth.Although the Sun is larger than the Moon, the Moon is closer to Earth and, therefore, its gravitational force is approximately 2.2 times greater. The gravitational pull of the Moon creates two types of tides: high and low. A tidal bulge occurs in the oceans on the side of Earth nearest the Moon, at the same time, a second tidal bulge occurs on the opposite side of Earth. This second bulge forms because the force of the Moon's gravity pulls the solid body of Earth slightly away from the water on Earth's far side. These bugles are high tides. The areas between the tidal bulges experience low tide.As Earth rotates, the tides move over its surface. It takes approximately 24 hours and 50 minutes for a given point on Earth to make a complete cycle relative to the Moon, and two lunar tidal cycles occur during this time. Thus, the average time between high tides is 12 hours and 25 minutes. This is a generalized explanation of tides. They do not move evenly and predictably over Earth's surface. Variations in the depth of the oceans and the distribution of landmasses combine with other factors to produce highly complex tidal behavior.The coast and coastline begin where the shore ends at its high tide mark(farthest landward). The line between the coast and the shore at high tide is the coastline. The coast extends landward from the coastline to the first major change in terrain features, which may be miles inland. This could be a highland or a forest or some other type of terrain. Sometimes, the change between the coast and the adjacent terrain is not so distinct.21 All of the following statements are true about coastal landscape EXCEPT______. （A）it is an area of stagnancy（B）it is an area of continuous change（C）it is an area of erosion and deposition（D）it is an area shaped by the interaction of the Earth, the Moon, and the Sun22 How many people live on or near coasts?（A）About 10 percent of human population.（B）About 25 percent of human population.（C）About 67 percent of human population.（D）About 75 percent of human population.23 The underlined word "fluctuate" in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to______. （A）forecast（B）alter（C）stable（D）strike24 The gravitational force of the Sun and the Moon upon Earth depends on______. （A）their size（B）their weight（C）their distance to Earth（D）the depth of the oceans25 One lunar tidal cycle lasts______.（A）24 hours and 50 minutes（B）12 hours and 25 minutes（C）a month（D）half a month25 Respect is not included in the marriage vows. No illustrated books show how to achieve it. And yet it is central to a lasting, satisfying marriage.What is this thing called respect? It is not the same as admiration. "When you fall in love, you admire the other." says Dr. Alexander Symonds, associate clinical professor of psychiatry" at the New York University School of Medicine, "You look up to someone—much the way a child idealizes a parent".Such romantic admiration thrives and even depends on the illusion that he or she is "perfect for you." That's why it doesn't last. You come to see that the person you married isn't exactly what you expected," says Francine Gaborone, "There are differences of personality, of approaches to life, different ways of doing things".You can try to change your mate back into your fantasy. But for the marriage to last and grow it's better to <u>agree to disagree</u>, to learn to let each other be. Only by taking this path can you begin to develop real respect toward each other."I have one patient whose husband loves sports, especially tennis," says Dr. Symonds. "She would prefer to go to the theatre, or to stay at home and read. She could simply say, 'We have different tastes.' Instead, she says, ' How can he waste his time and money that way? ' She puts him down."The put-down is the chief symptom—and weapon—of lack of respect, or contempt. "Contempt is the worst kind of emotion." says Symonds. "You feel the other person has no worth."We've all seen marriages in which one or both partners attack the other quite savagely in the guise of "It's for your own good." Any "good" is <u>undone</u> by the hostile tone. A wife nags her husband to be more ambitious and makes him feel like a failure because he prefers craftsmanship or community projects to the competitive business world. Or a husband accuses his wife of wasting time whenever she gets together with a friend: "Why isn't she doing something productive?In good marriage partners nurture each other's self-esteem. They may experience humorous incomprehension of one another's preferences, but they never make their loved person feel like an idiot. "Marty's idea of a vacation is to go down to basement on a sunny day and spend time woodworking ," says Dr. Alexander Symonds of her husband, psychiatrist and surgeon Martin Symonds.But there' s fondness in the gibes and firm support for the other' s right to be himself. Respect is expressed in words like, "Sure, I'll come with you. Just don't be mad if I fall asleep."That' s the paradox of a good marriage: only by respecting each other as you are do you open the door to change. The root meaning of the word respect is "to look at". Respect is a clear yet loving eye. It sees what is there, but it also sees what is potentially there and helps bring it to fruition. Respect is the art of love by which married couples honor what is unique and best in each other.26 According to the author, respect______.（A）means accepting each other's faults（B）means valuing each other's differences（C）should be included in the marriage vows（D）is as important to a satisfying marriage as admiration27 According to the author, which of the following is the most harmful to a marriage? （A）Admiration of your partner.（B）Idealization of your partner.（C）Contempt of your partner.（D）Disillusion of your partner.28 The underlined phrase "agree to disagree" in Paragraph 4 means that______.（A）one should realize that no two people are the same（B）one should be keen to find out his or her partner's merits（C）one should face the reality that his or her partner is not a perfect person（D）one should realize that he or she should appreciate differences on the part of his or her partner29 The passage suggests that if you respect your partner, you will______.（A）help him or her to improve（B）change yourself to tolerate him or her（C）change him or her into what you expect（D）show your incomprehension of his hobbies in a humorous way30 The underlined word "undone" in Paragraph 7 suggests that .（A）what you said reversed what you meant（B）what you said was not what you meant（C）what you said meant nothing to your partner（D）what you said failed to touch the heart of your partner二、简答题31 “My friend s peaks very well English．”是某学生的语误。
初中英语教师资格考试学科知识与教学能力试卷及答案指导
教师资格考试初中英语学科知识与教学能力复习试卷及答案指导一、单项选择题（本大题有30小题，每小题2分，共60分）1、What is the main purpose of using the present perfect tense in a lesson on English grammar for junior high school students?A. To introduce the past tense.B. To describe actions that started in the past and continue to the present.C. To talk about future possibilities.D. To express a general truth.答案：B解析：The present perfect tense is often used to describe actions that have started in the past and continue to the present or have a present result. Therefore, the main purpose of using it in a junior high school English grammar lesson is to describe actions that started in the past and continue to the present (Option B). The other options are incorrect because they describe different uses of tenses (past tense, future possibilities, and general truths).2、In a reading comprehension exercise, students are asked to identify the main idea of a passage. Which of the following is the most effective strategy to help students understand the main idea?A. Summarizing each paragraph separately.B. Asking students to write a brief summary of the passage.C. Discussing each detail mentioned in the passage in detail.D. Providing a list of keywords from the passage for students to use in their summary.答案：B解析：The most effective strategy to help students understand the main idea of a passage is to ask them to write a brief summary (Option B). Writing a summary requires students to focus on the central message and ignore less important details, which helps them grasp the main idea. Summarizing each paragraph separately (Option A) might lead to a collection of details rather than the main idea. Discussing each detail in detail (Option C) can sidetrack students from identifying the main idea. Providing a list of keywords (Option D) can be helpful but is not as effective as asking for a summary, which requires synthesis and comprehension skills.3、Which of the following activities is most effective for improving students’ speaking skills in English?A、Reading aloud passages to the class.B、Writing essays on given topics.C、Answering questions in small groups and then reporting to the class.D、Matching vocabulary words with their correct definitions.Answer: CExplanation: Group work promotes interaction among students, encouraging them to communicate and articulate their thoughts in English, which is essential for developing speaking skills. Though the other activities can be useful, they do not focus directly on the oral interaction and critical listening skills that speaking proficiency requires.4、What is the primary goal of employing formative assessment in an English classroom?A、To evaluate students’ cumulative knowledge at the end of a unit.B、To assign final grades to students.C、To provide ongoing feedback to facilitate learning.D、To compare students’ performance against a standard or criterion.Answer: CExplanation: Formative assessment is designed to provide continuous feedback during the learning process, helping students understand their progress and areas for improvement. Its main goal is to support learning and adjust teaching methods accordingly. Evaluating knowledge at the end of a unit (A) and assigning final grades (B) are more aligned with summative assessment. C omparing students’ performance against a standard (D) is also a goal of formative assessment, but not its primary purpose.5、A teacher prepares an English lesson plan for a fifth-grade class. According to Bloom’s Taxonomy, which level of cognitive domain should the teacher focus on when creating activities that involve students in research andanalysis?A)KnowledgeB)ComprehensionC)ApplicationD)Analysis答案：D解析：Bloom’s Taxonomy levels the cognitive domain from lowest to highest: Knowledge, Comprehension, Application, Analysis, Synthesis, and Evaluation. Since the question asks for activities involving students in research and analysi s, the teacher should focus on the “Analysis” level, which requires students to break information into parts, compare and contrast it, and identify patterns and components. This stage is more complex than comprehension and involves evaluating and interpreting the content.6、Which of the following methods is most appropriate for assessing students’ speaking and listening skills in a classroom setting?A)Essay testB)Multiple-choice quizC)Oral testD)Writing assignment答案：C解析：When assessing speaking and listening skills, which are interpersonal and responsive skills that require real-time interaction, the most appropriate method is usually an oral test or assessment. This allows students to demonstratetheir communication skills directly, which is not possible in written assessments such as essay tests, multiple-choice quizzes, or writing assignments. oral tests can provide immediate feedback and allow the teacher to evaluate the student’s pronunciation, fluency, and comprehension.7、Which of the following words is formed by blending?A. SmogB. BookC. ClockD. FogAnswer: A. SmogExplanation: The word ‘smog’ is a blend of ‘smoke’ and ‘fog’. Blending is a word formation process where parts of two or more words are combined to form a new word. In this case, ‘smog’ represents the polluted air that results from a mixture of smoke and fog. Options B, C, and D are not blends; they are standalone words without any blending involved in their formation.8、In a communicative language teaching classroom, which activity would best encourage students to use language creatively and spontaneously?A. Reciting a dialogue from memoryB. Role-playing a conversation at a restaurantC. Copying sentences from a textbookD. Filling in the blanks with the correct verb formsAnswer: B. Role-playing a conversation at a restaurantExplanation: Role-playing activities, such as simulating a conversation at a restaurant, require students to think on their feet and produce language in real-time, which promotes creativity and spontaneity. This type of activity is a hallmark of Communicative Language Teaching (CLT), which emphasizes interaction as both the means and the ultimate goal of learning a language. In contrast, reciting dialogues, copying sentences, and filling in blanks are more controlled and less conducive to spontaneous communication.9、The teacher uses the following sentence to introduce a new vocabulary word in a lesson. Which sentence structure is being used?A. “The students will learn about the word ‘sustainability’ today.”B. “We are going to talk about ‘sustainability’ in the next class.”C. “In this lesson, we will explore the meaning of ‘sustainability’.”D. “Today’s lesson is about ‘sustainability’, which means…”Answer: DExplanation: The sentence structure in option D is a definition or explanation of the new vocabulary word “sustainability,” which is typical of introducing new terms in a lesson. The other options are more about the action or plan for the lesson rather than the structure used to introduce the new word.10、Which of the following teaching strategies is most effective for promoting critical thinking skills among middle school students?A. Direct instructionB. Guided discoveryC. Cooperative learningD. RecitationAnswer: BExplanation: Guided discovery is a teaching strategy where students explore a topic or problem under the guidance of the teacher, encouraging them to think critically and discover concepts for themselves. This approach is known to promote higher-order thinking skills more effectively than direct instruction (A), cooperative learning (C), or recitation (D), which are more passive in nature.11、Which of the following sentence patterns is often used to express a completed action in the past with a result in the present?A. If I had studied harder, I would be a teacher.B. I have studied harder to become a teacher.C. I studied so hard that I am a teacher now.D. I would have been a teacher if I had studied harder.Answer: CExplanation: The sentence pattern in option C, “I studied so hard that I am a teacher now,” is used to express a completed action in the past (studied) that has a result in the present (am a teacher now). This is an example of a result clause.12、What is the main purpose of using a vocabulary list in an English lesson?A. To as sess students’ knowledge at the end of the term.B. To provide a variety of activities about the vocabulary.C. To memorize the words through repetition.D. To facilitate the teaching of new vocabulary and provide understanding.Answer: DExplanation: The main purpose of using a vocabulary list in an English lesson is to facilitate the teaching of new vocabulary and help students understand their meanings and usage. This supports the learning process and enhances comprehension and application in context.13.The teacher wants to introduce a new vocabulary word to the students. Which of the following activities is most effective for helping students understand and remember the word?A. Reading a long story related to the word.B. Asking students to create a sentence using the word.C. Showing a video clip involving the word in context.D. Giving a lecture about the etymology of the word.Answer: BExplanation: Asking students to create a sentence using the new vocabulary word encourages active learning and immediate practice, which helps with understanding and retention. Reading long stories (A) might be time-consuming and not directly related to th e word’s meaning. While showing a video (C) can provide real-life context, the activity of creating a sentence is more focused and practical for词汇学习. A lecture about etymology (D) might be helpful butis less engaging and interactive compared to the other options.14.In a lesson on using prepositions correctly, the teacher uses “Yes/No” questions to check understanding. Which of the following “Yes/No” questions is least appropriate?A. “Can the students find the book on the table?”B. “Is the key under the bed?”C. “Are the students sitting at their desks?”D. “Did you place the book on the shelf or in your bag?”Answer: DExplanation: The least appropriate “Yes/No” question in this context is option D. The question “Did you place the book on the shelf or in your bag?” introduces two locations and requires a multi-choice answer rather than a simple “Yes” or “No.” The other questions (A, B, and C) are single-directional and straightforward, which is appropriate for checking whether students understand the correct preposition usage.15、What teaching method emphasizes the use of authentic materials and focuses on communicative competence?A)Grammar-Translation MethodB)Audio-Lingual MethodC)Communicative Language Teaching (CLT)D)Total Physical Response (TPR)Answer: C) Communicative Language Teaching (CLT)Explanation: Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) is an approach tolanguage instruction that emphasizes interaction as both the means and the ultimate goal of learning a language. It aims to develop communicative competence in learners so that they can use the language effectively in real-life situations. Authentic materials, which are texts or resources created for native speakers, are often used to provide students with exposure to real-world language usage.16、Which of the following activities is most likely to help students develop their listening skills?A)Writing a summary of a textB)Completing a crossword puzzleC)Listening to a dialogue and answering questions about itD)Role-playing a conversation from memoryAnswer: C) Listening to a dialogue and answering questions about itExplanation: Listening to a dialogue and then answering questions about it is a direct way to practice and assess listening comprehension. This activity requires students to focus on understanding spoken language, which is crucial for developing listening skills. The other options may be beneficial for developing other language skills but do not primarily target listening ability.17、The teacher is planning a lesson on the present perfect tense. Which of the following activities is most suitable for helping students understand the concept of “has/have + past participle”?A)Role-playing a conversation where the present perfect tense is used to describe pastactions with present relevance.B)Writing a short story with only the present perfect tense, without any past tensereferences.C)Listening to a recorded story and identifying the present perfect tense usage.D)Completing a multiple-choice quiz about the rules of the present perfect tense.Answer: A)Explanation: Role-playing is a highly effective activity for language learning as it allows students to practice using the language in a real-life context. By engaging in a conversation that uses the present perfect tense, students can see and hear how the tense is used naturally, which is more beneficial for understanding than simply writing or listening to it in isolation.18、In a lesson on “The Weather,” the teacher wants to encourage critical thinking and student interaction. Which of the following teaching strategies is best suited for this objective?A)Presenting a list of weather-related vocabulary and asking students to match wordswith images.B)Showing a weather forecast video and asking students to predict the weather for thenext week.C)Distributing weather maps and asking students to identify different weatherpatterns.D)Facilitating a group discussion where students compare their experiences withdifferent weather conditions.Answer: D)Explanation: Facilitating a group discussion encourages critical thinking as students must reflect on their personal experiences and compare them with those of their peers. Thisinteractive approach fosters communication skills and promotes a deeper understanding of the topic, making it the most suitable strategy for encouraging student interaction and critical thinking.19、Which of the following is a common teaching strategy that incorporates real-world applications to enhance students’ understanding of the subject matter?A) Lecture methodB) Narrative storytellingC) Real-life applicationD) Drill and practiceAnswer: C) Real-life application解析: 实际生活应用是一种常用的教学策略，它通过将学科知识与现实生活中的实际应用相结合，来增强学生对知识的理解。
教师资格考试初中英语学科知识与教学能力试卷与参考答案
教师资格考试初中英语学科知识与教学能力复习试卷与参考答案一、单项选择题（本大题有30小题，每小题2分，共60分）1.题目：初中英语教学中，以下哪项是关于词汇教学的正确方法？A. 要求学生死记硬背单词表B. 通过语境和实例教授词汇C. 要求学生独立翻译课文以巩固词汇D. 仅通过语法规则教授词汇答案：B. 通过语境和实例教授词汇解析：在初中英语教学中，词汇教学应当结合语境和实例进行，帮助学生理解并记忆词汇的用法。
死记硬背单词表并不利于长期记忆和词汇的实际应用。
独立翻译课文无法直接体现学生对词汇的实际掌握情况。
仅通过语法规则教授词汇是片面的，缺乏实际应用场景的训练。
因此，正确答案是B。
2.题目：在英语教学中，如何有效地提高学生的口语能力？A. 鼓励学生观看英语电影以提高听力水平B. 组织英语角活动，鼓励学生参与交流C. 仅通过教科书中的对话练习进行口语训练D. 要求学生背诵大量英语文章以提高语感答案：B. 组织英语角活动，鼓励学生参与交流解析：提高口语能力需要实际的语言交流和互动。
观看英语电影可以提高听力水平，但不一定直接提高口语能力。
仅通过教科书中的对话练习是单向的学习方式，缺乏真实的交流环境。
背诵大量英语文章有助于语感的提高，但口语能力的提升还需要实际的语言运用和交流。
组织英语角活动能够提供一个真实的交流环境，鼓励学生参与交流是提高口语能力的有效方法。
因此，正确答案是B。
3.The main purpose of the primary English language education curriculum is to enablestudents to:A. Develop basic reading and writing skills.B. Enhance their ability to understand and use a foreign language.C. Improve their listening and speaking abilities.D. All of the above.Answer: D. All of the above.Explanation: The primary English language education curriculum aims to develop students’ basic reading and writing skills, enhance their understanding and use of a foreign language, and improve their listening and speaking abilities. These goals are interrelated and collectively contribute to the development of students’ overall language proficiency.4.In the context of teaching English as a second language, the term “languageacquisition” refers to:A. The process of learning a new language.B. The process of understanding a new culture.C. The process of learning about the world.D. The process of learning about oneself.Answer: A. The process of learning a new language.Explanation: Language acquisition refers specifically to the process by which individuals learn and develop their abilities to use a new language. This process involves various cognitive, social, and emotional factors that work together to enable learners to produce and understand language in a new linguistic and cultural context. While understanding a new culture, learning about the world, and learning about oneself can all be important aspects of language learning, they are not synonymous with language acquisition.5.Which of the following is the main purpose of the teaching plan in a middle schoolEnglish class?A. To evaluate students’ language skillsB. To assess students’ understanding of the subject matterC. To plan and organize classroom activitiesD. To determine students’ readiness for the next grade levelAnswer: C. To plan and organize classroom activitiesExplanation: The teaching plan in a middle school English class serves as a roadmap for teachers to organize and structure their lessons effectively. It includes specific objectives, activities, and assessments to ensure that students are learning the content and skills appropriate for their grade level.6.What is the most important criterion for a teacher to consider when designing alesson about the topic “Cultural Differences”?A. The level of difficulty of the vocabularyB. The cultural relevance to students’ backgroundsC. The teacher’s personal interestsD. The availability of multimedia resourcesAnswer: B. The cultural relevance to students’ backgroundsExplanation: When designing a lesson about cultural differences, it is crucial for teachers to consider the cultural background of their students. This helps to ensure that the material is relevant and meaningful to students, fostering an appreciation and understanding of different cultures.7、关于初中英语课程中的语法教学，以下哪种观点是正确的？• A. 语法教学应当放在教学首位，学生必须熟练掌握。
2012年下半年教师资格证考试《教育知识与能力》(中学)真题和答案
下列各题的备选答案中，只有⼀项是最符合题意的，请把这个答案选出。
（本⼤题共21⼩题，每⼩题2分，共42分）在教育调查研究中，为获取相关资料而对一所学校或一个学生进行的专门调查属于（ ）。
全面调查重点调查抽样调查个案调查苏联十月革命胜利后，专门从事流浪犯罪儿童教育，著有《教育诗》、《论共产主义教育》的教育家是（ ）。
克鲁普斯卡娅加里宁马卡连柯凯洛夫在外部条件大致相同的课堂教学中，每个学生学习的需要和动机不同，对教学的态度和行为也各式各样。
这反映了下列哪种因素对学生身心发展的影响？（ ）遗传素质家庭背景社会环境个体能动性在教育目的价值取向问题上，主张教育是为了使人增长智慧、发展才干、生活更加充实幸福的观点属于（ ）。
个人本位论社会本位论知识本位论能力本位论当前我国九年制义务教育学制年限划分采用的是（ ）。
“六三”制“五四”制九年一贯制多种形式并存在教材编写过程中，课程内容前后反复出现，且后面内容是对前面内容的扩展和深化。
这种教材编排方式是（ ）。
直线式螺旋式分科式综合式主张课程内容的组织以儿童活动为中心，提倡“做中学”的课程理论是（ ）。
学科课程论活动课程论社会课程论要素课程论保加利亚学者洛扎诺夫在20世纪60年代创立的一种利用联想、情境、音乐等强化教学效果的方法是（ ）。
纲要信号教学法探究发现教学法暗示教学法范例教学法我国古代教育文献《学记》中要求“学不躐等”“不陵节而施”，提出“杂施而不孙，则坏乱而不修”。
这体现了教学应遵循（ ）。
启发性原则巩固性原则循序渐进原则因材施教原则教师引导学生选择有针对性的格言、箴言作为座右铭以自励、自律，使其获得教益的德育方法是（ ）。
说服教育法个人修养法环境陶冶法品德评价法德育过程中，体现了马克思主义“一分为二”辩证法认识学生的德育原则是（ ）。
发扬积极因素与克服消极因素相结合理论与实践相结合集体教育与个别教育相结合严格要求与尊重学生相结合王老师讲课时，迟到的钱冰突然推门而人，同学们不约而同地把目光投向了他。
教师资格考试初级中学英语学科知识与教学能力试题与参考答案
教师资格考试初级中学英语学科知识与教学能力复习试题与参考答案一、单项选择题（本大题有30小题，每小题2分，共60分）1.（）The main purpose of the primary school English curriculum is to develop students’ language skills in listening, speaking, reading, and writing.A. To improve students’ academic performanceB. To enhance students’ cultural awarenessC. To develop students’ language skills in listening, speaking, reading, and writingD. To prepare students for future academic or professional endeavors答案：C解析：该题考查的是小学英语课程的主要目标。
根据题干中的描述，可以确定正确答案为C，即培养学生在听、说、读、写方面的英语语言技能。
选项A、B、D都与此不符。
2.（）Which of the following is NOT one of the four major goals of the new curriculum?A. To develop students’ language skillsB. To improve students’ learning skillsC. To develop students’ critical thinking skillsD. To develop stud ents’ cultural awareness答案：D解析：该题询问新课程的四大目标中不包括哪一项。
根据对新课程标准的了解，可以知道其四大目标包括培养学生的语言技能、学习技能以及跨文化交际能力，而选项D 中的“培养学生文化意识”并不属于这四大目标之一。
2012年下半年全国统考教师资格考试《教育知识与能力(中学)》真题及详解【圣才出品】
2012年下半年全国统考教师资格考试《教育知识与能力（中学）》真题及详解[视频讲解]一、单项选择题（本大题共21小题，每小题2分，共42分）在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的，请用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案字母按要求涂黑，错选、多选或未选均无分。
1．在教育调查研究中，为获取相关资料而对一所学校或一个学生进行的专门调查属于（）。
A ．全面调查B ．重点调查C ．抽样调查D ．个案调查【答案】D【解析】调查研究法按调查对象的选择范围，可以分为：①全面调查；②典型调查；③抽样调查；④个案调查。
为获取相关资料而对一所学校或一个学生进行的专门调查属于个案调查。
2．苏联十月革命胜利后，专门从事流浪犯罪儿童教育，著有《教育诗》、《论共产主义教育》的教育家是（）。
A ．克鲁普斯卡娅B ．加里宁C ．马卡连柯D ．凯洛夫【答案】C【解析】在十月革命胜利后，苏联教育家马卡连柯从事对流浪儿童和少年违法者的教育改造工作，著有《教育诗》、《论共产主义教育》等作品。
集体主义教育是马卡连柯教育思想体系的重要方面，他认为通过组织健全、合理的教育集体来教育学生，是培养社会主义新人的主要方法，同时他又指出教育任务是培养集体主义者，只有在集体中、通过集体和为了集体进行教育，才能完成培养集体主义者的任务。
3．在外部条件大致相同的课堂教学中，每个学生学习的需要和动机不同，对教学的态度和行为也各式各样，这反映了下列（ ）因素对学生身心发展的影响。
A ．遗传素质B．家庭背景C．社会环境D．个体能动性【答案】D【解析】影响个体身心发展的因素主要有：①遗传素质；②环境；③学校教育；④个体主观能动性。
题干表述的是个体能动性对学生身心发展的影响。
个体能动性是指人的主观意识对客观世界的反映和能动作用。
每个学生学习的需要和动机不同，对教学的态度和行为也各式各样，这反映了个体能动性因素对学生身心发展的影响。
4．在教育目的价值取向问题上，主张教育是为了使人增长智慧、发展才干、生活更加充实幸福的观点属于（）。
(完整版)初中英语学科知识与教学能力试题及答案
《英语学科知识与教学能力》（初中）一、考试目标1．英语学科知识与能力具有扎实的英语语言基础知识和语言能力；具备从事初中英语教学所需要的英语语言能力；能理解有关英语国家的语言、历史和文化等相关知识。
2．英语学科教学知识与能力掌握外语教学基本理论、英语教学专业知识与国家英语课程标准内容等学科教学知识，并能用以指导初中英语教学。
3．英语学科教学设计能力能够根据英语学科特点，针对初中学生的认知特点、语言水平和学习需要选择并设计合理的教学内容，形成完整合理的教学方案。
4．英语学科教学实施能力理解初中英语课堂教学实施的基本原则和方法，具备实施语言课堂教学的基本能力；能够根据教学设计，结合教学实际情况，采用恰当的教学手段，引导学生进行有效学习。
5．英语学科教学评价知识与能力了解初中英语课堂教学评价的基本知识和方法，能够对学生的语言学习进行恰当的评价；了解教学反思的基本方法和策略，能够对自己的课堂教学实践进行反思，提出改进的思路。
二、考试模块内容与要求（一）语言知识与能力1．掌握英语语言的基础知识，了解语言研究中与英语教学相关的基本概念和知识，并能在课堂教学中加以运用。
2．具有良好的英语语言运用能力，包括用英语进行书面表达、获取教学资源和信息、表达思想情感和与学生良好沟通的能力；能够筛选并改编适合初中学生英语水平的语言材料。
3．能够在语篇中理解英语国家的语言、历史和文学等相关的社会文化知识。
（二）语言教学知识与能力1．了解外语教学基本理论，理解语言观、语言学习观、语言教学观等对初中英语教学的指导作用。
2．理解《义务教育英语课程标准（2011年版）》的目标内容（语言技能、语言知识、情感态度、学习策略和文化意识），以及课程标准的其他相关知识，并能在教学设计与实施中运用。
3．掌握英语语言知识（语音、词汇、语法、语篇等）的教学基本原则、讲解和练习方法。
4．掌握英语语言技能（听、说、读、写）的教学原则和训练方法。
5．能结合中外社会文化语境，设计并实施英语知识和技能的教学与训练。
教师资格证考试《中学英语学科知识与教学能力》试题及答案
注意事项：1．考试时间为l20分钟;满分为l50分..2．请按规定在答题卡上填涂、作答..在试卷上作答无效;不予评分..一、单项选择题本大题共30小题;每小题2分;共60分在每小题列出的四个备选项中选择一个最佳答案..请用28铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案字母按照要求涂黑..错选、多选或未选均无分..1. Which of the following shows the proper pronunciation of the segment"did you" in connected speech2. How many liaisons of sound are there in the sentence "Tell us all about it"A. oneB. twoC. threeD. four3. The shy girl felt__________ and uncomfortable when she could not answer her teacher's questions.A. amazedB. awkwardC. curiousD. amused4. Most people on this island are recreational fishers; and __________ ; fishing forms an actual part of their leisure time.A. accidentallyB. purposefullyC. obviouslyD. formally5. The Government is anxious to keep the whole __________ out of court.A. exampleB. instanceC. caseD. sample6. Many a boy__________playing basketball.A. likesB. likeC. to likeD. have like7. Nobody but the twins__________some interest in the project till now.A. showsB. showC. have shownD. has shown8. Now that we've discussed our problem; are people happy with the decisions__________A. takingB. takeC. takenD. to take9. Which of the following is a slip of tongueA. No cross; no crown.B. No pains; no gains.C. No sweat without sweet.D. No smoke without fire.10. The phenomenon that words having different meanings have the same form is called__________.A. hyponymyB. synonymyC. polysemyD. homonymy11. Think about when a teacher handed out a list of twenty"Past tense"sentences and asked students to discussand find out the grammatical structures.What is the teacher's grammar teaching methodA. Induction.B. Presentation.C. Consolidation.D. Deduction.12. Which of the following is a suitable pre-listening activityA. Writing a similar text.B. Discussing a relevant picture.C. Writing all the main knowledge about the topic.D. Do some exercises about the difficult vocabulary with the topic.13. There are five components of communicative competence. Which of them refers to one's ability to create coherent written text or conversation and the ability to understand themA. linguistic competenceB. pragmatic competenceC. discourse competenceD. strategic competence14. What is the teacher doing in terms of error correctionS: I go to the theatre last night.T: You go to the theatre last nightA. Correcting the student's mistake.B. Hinting that there is a mistake.C. Encouraging peer correction.D. Asking the student whether he really went to the theatre.15. Which of the following questions can be used in the questionnaire for assessing participationA. Did you get all the questions right in today's classB. Did you finish the task on timeC. Can you use the strategies we have learned todayD. What did you do in your group work today16. Questioning plays an important role for the classroom teaching. Which of the following questions does not belong to comprehension questionsA. What is the main idea of this paragraphB. Can you tell the difference between the two termsC. Can you retell the text we have learned last weekD. Can you paraphrase the sentence in your own words17. What's the teacher doing by saying "Who wants to have a try"A. Controlling discipline.B. Giving prompt.C. Evaluating students' work.D. Directing students' attention to the lesson.18. Which of the following is not an interactive activityA. Looking at the picture below and discussing the questions with your partner.B. Listening to the tape again and retelling the story with the filled chart.C. Discussing the following questions in group.D. Asking another group to give you some advice on improving your work.19. Which of the following activities is the best for training detailed reading A. Drawing a diagram to show the text structure.B. Giving the text an appropriate title.C. Transforming information from the text to a diagram.D. Finding out all the unfamiliar words.20. In PPP method classes or sequences; the teacher presents the context and situation for the language; and both explains and demonstrates the meaning and form of the new language. The students then practice making sentences before going on to another stage in which they talk or write more freely. PPP stands for except__________.A. PresentationB. ProceduresC. ProductionD. Practice请阅读Passage 1;完成第21～25小题..Passage 1It is generally agreed that the first true cities appeared about 5;000 years ago in the food-producing communities of the Middle East. The cities of Sumeria; Egypt and the Indus Valley possessed a number of characteristics that distinguished them as truly urban. The cities were very much larger and more densely populated than any previous settlement; and their function wasclearly differentiated from that of the surrounding villages. In the cities the old patterns of kinship relations were replaced by a complex hierarchy of social classes based on the specialization oflabor. Moreover; the need to keep records led to the development of writing and arithmetic; and the increased sophistication of urban society gave a new impetus to artistic expression of every kind.When the basis of city life was established in Europe the urban tradition was drawn from the ancient cities of the Middle East; via the civilization of Greece and Rome. We can trace threemain phases in the growth of the West European city. The first of these is the medieval phase which extends from the beginning of the 1 lth century A.D. to about 1;500 to the beginning of the 19th century. The third is the modern phase extending from the early 19th century to the present day.Every medieval city began as a small settlement; which grew up round a geographical or cultural focal point. This would be a permanent structure such as a stronghold; a cathedral or a large church. In districts where travel and trade were well established; it might be a market; a river crossing; or a place where two or more trade routes met; in studies of urban geography the oldest part of town is referred to as the nuclear settlement. There are many small towns in Europe where it is still possible to trace the outline of the original nuclear settlement. It is; of course;much more difficult to do this in the case if a large modern city which has grown to many times its original size.21. The ancient cities were characterized by all the following except__________.A. larger populationsB. different rolesC. different social classesD. different locations22. Which of the following statements is TRUEA. West European cities established their own urban traditions.B. West European cities grew directly out of those in the Middle East.C. Cities appeared earlier in the Middle East cities went through the same phases.D. West European and Middle East cities went through the same phases.23. Which of the following could be regarded as a geographical focal pointA. A local restaurant.B. A town hall.C. A local theatre.D. An open market.24. It is easier to locate its original nuclear settlement of a small town__________.A. because it began as a small settlementB. because it is less developedC. because of its small sizeD. because of its location25. Which of the following would be the best title of the passageA. The Origin and Development of Cities.B. The Differences Between a Modern City and an Ancient City.C. The Functions of a City.D. The Characteristics of an Ancient City.请阅读Passaqe 2;完成第26～30小题..Passage 2There are two factors which determine an individual's intelligence. The first is the sort of brain he is born with. Human brains differ considerably; some being more capable than others. But no matter how good a brain he has to begin with; an individual will have a low order of intelligence unless he has opportunities to learn. So the second factor is what happens to the individual--thesort of environment in which he is brought up. If an individual is handicapped environmentally; it is likely that his brain will fail to develop and he will never attain the level of intelligence of which he is capable.Theimportanceofenvironmentindetermininganindividual'sintelligencecanbedemonstrated by the case history of the identical twins; Peter and Mark. Being identical; the twins had identical brains at birth; and their growth processes were the same. When the twins were three months old; their parents died; and they were placed in separate foster homes. Peter was raised by parents of low intelligence in an isolated community with poor educational opportunities. Mark was reared in the home of well-to-do parents who had been to college. He was read to as a child; sent to good schools; and given every opportunity to be stimulated intellectually. This environmental difference continued until the twins were in their late teens; when they were given tests to measure their intelligence. Mark's LQ. was 125; twenty-five points higher than the average and fully forty points higher than his identical brother. Given equal opportunities; the twins; having identical brains; would have tested at roughly the same level.26. This selection can best be titled__________.A. Measuring Your IntelligenceB. Intelligence and EnvironmentC. The Case of Peter and MarkD. How the Brain Influences Intelligence27. The best statement of the main idea of this passage is that__________.A. human brains differ considerablyB. the brain a person is born with is important in determining his intelligenceC. environment is crucial in determining a person's intelligenceD. persons having identical brains will have roughly the same intelligence28. According to the passage; the average I.Q. is__________.A. 85B. 100C. 110D. 12529. The case history of the twins appears to support the conclusion that__________.A. individuals with identical brains seldom test at the same levelB. an individual's intelligence is determined only by his environmentC. lack of opportunity blocks the growth of intelligenceD. changes of environment produce changes in the structure of the brain30. This passage suggests that an individual's I.Q. __________.A. can be predicted at birthB. stays the same throughout his lifeC. can be increased by educationD. is determined by his childhood二、简答题本大题1小题;20分根据题目要求完成下列任务;用中文作答..31．什么是教学反思4分教学反思的注意事项有哪些6分请具体说明教学后反思阶段的内容..10分三、教学情境分析题本大题1小题;30分根据题目要求完成下列任务;用中文作答..32．以下是某堂课老师的教学材料：Betty: Hi Mum; can you hear meMum: Yes; I can. Where are youBetty : I' m standing on the Great Wall of China and talking to you.Mum: ReallyBetty: We're on a school trip and we've having lunch. And we're lying in the sun and we' re taking lots of photos.Mum: That's great; Betty. What are the others doingBetty: Well; Tony is eating an ice cream; and Lucy is buying some presents and postcards.And Tom is eating lunch and lying in the sun.Mum: Can you send me a post cardBetty: Yes. Lucy and I are writing postcards. We're enjoying the school trip a lot. Anyway;we're going home now. ByeMum: Bye bye; Betty任务要求：根据材料内容回答以下三个问题..1这份材料属于哪种语篇类型7分2这份材料适合于哪种课堂教学说明理由至少写出两个要点..8分3分析教师选用文本材料时需要考虑的基本要素至少写出三个要点..15分四、教学设计题本大题1小题;40分根据提供的信息和语言素材设计教学方案;用英文作答..33．设计任务：请阅读下面学生信息和语言素材;设计一节英语听说课的教学方案..教案没有固定格式;但须包含下列要点：teaching objectivesteaching contentskey and difficult pointsmajor steps and time allocationactivities and justifications教学时间：45分钟学生概况：某城镇普通中学九年级初中三年级学生;班级人数40人;多数已经达到义务教育英语课程标准2011版四级水平;学生课堂参与积极性一般..语言素材：一、单项选择题二、1．答案A..解析：考查发音规则..dj互相影响;即齿槽爆破浊辅音d与舌面浊辅音有摩擦的j互相妥协..三、2．答案D..解析：考查连读..liaison意为“连音”;当一个单词后面紧跟一个以元音开头的单词时;则该单词最后的原本不发音的辅音就发音;与元音连读..本句中Tell us;us all;all about和about it均为连音;故选D..四、3．答案B..解析：考查形容词辨析..句意为“当这个害羞的女孩回答不上来老师的提问时;她感到很__________和难受”..amazed意为“惊讶的”;awkward意为“窘迫的”;curious 意为“好奇的”．amused意为“消遗的..娱乐的”..根据句意．回答不出来问题;应该感到窘迫;故选B..五、4．答案C..解析：考查副词辨析..句意为“岛上大多数人都是娱乐性的渔夫．__________垂钓已经成为他们休闲生活的一部分..”accidentally“意外地;偶然地”;purposefully“自觉地;有目的地”;obviously“明显地;显然地”;formally“正式地;形式上地”..根据句意应是正常过渡;由前半句可知应用“很明显”连接后半句;故选C..六、5．答案C..解析：考查名词辨析..题中所给出的四个选项均有“例子;事例”之意..example普通用词;指能代表同类事物性质或一般规律的典型例子;instance多指用于说明、支持或反证一般事实或理论的事例;case多指需要加以认真研究的实例;如病例、案例等;sample通常指样品..句意为“政府迫切希望整件案子能在庭外解决”..此处表示正式的案件..故选C..七、6．答案A..解析：考查主谓一致..“many a／an+单数名词”表示的是“许多”;作主语时;谓语动词用单数形式..故选A..八、7．答案D..解析：考查时态和主谓一致..首先根据句意判断;应该用现在完成时;排除A、B..句子主语是nobody;谓语动词用单数形式;故选D..九、8．答案C..解析：考查非谓语动词..这里的decisions是take的宾语;具有动宾关系．因此用过去分词．作后置定语..句意是“既然我们已经讨论了我们的问题;人们对做出的决定满意吗”十、9．答案C..解析：考查英语口误问题..A项的意思是“不经历风雨;怎么见彩虹”;B项的意思是“不劳无获“;C项的正确表达应为“No sweet without sweat”;意为“苦尽甘来”;D 项的意思是“无风不起浪”根据题意可知．C项属于口误;故选C..十一、10．答案D..解析：考查语义学知识..homonymy指的是语汇中一对对或是一组组的单词;虽然意思不同;但是发音相同;或拼写相同;又或者是发音和拼写都相同..这些一对对一组组的单词我们称之为homonvm同形同音异义词／同形异义词／同音异义词..十二、11．答案A..解析：考查教学法辨析..题目问的是：一位老师列出了二十个与过去时相关的句子．然后请学生讨论并找出过去时的语法结构．这位老师使用了哪种语法教学方法;”语法教学的常用方法有两种演绎法和归纳法：A项的Induction是归纳法；D 项的Deduction是演绎法..本题中的教学方法很明显是归纳法..B项的新课展示和C项的巩固提高;都是教学环节;不是教学方法..因此选A项;、十三、12．答案B..解析：考查听力教学..题目问的是：“下列哪个活动是适合在听前环节活动中进行的”该题考察听力教学中的“听前环节”..听前环节主要包括准备活动；介绍相关背景知识；安排学生通过讨论相关图片．预测文章的内容或学习与该主题相关的词汇..但是A项在听前写相似的文章不合适：而C项“把所有关于文章的主要信息下来”这一活动和D项“做一些练习来突破相关活题的难词汇”的活动适合在while—listening环节做..十四、故选B..十五、13．答案 C..解析：考查交际能力..交际能力有五个主要组成部分：liguistic competence．pragmatic competence．discourse competence;strategic competence;fluency..其中题目中描述的是discourse competence话语能力..十六、14．答案B..解析：考查课堂纠错行为..教师是在暗示学生的话里有错误..十七、15．答案D..解析：考查调查问卷的提问方式..A、B、c三项均为选择性问题;只需回答“是”或“不是”：只有D项是开放性问题．能真正看出学生一天的学习情况..十八、16．答案C..解析：考查课堂提问类型..提问在课堂教学中发挥着重要的作用..课堂教学可以采用多种提问形式..题目中只有C项是回忆性提问;其他三项均是理解性提问..故选C..十九、17．答案B..解析：考查教学活动中教师的角色..教师在此充当课堂教学的推动者.. 二十、18．答案 B..解析：考查互动性活动..“再听一遍录音;并根据已经填好的表格复述听力文章的内容”;这一活动不属于互动性的活动..所以B项错误..二十一、19．答案C..解析：考查阅读训练活动..选项中训练细读的最好办法就是把原文中的信息做成表格..二十二、20．答案B..解析：考查3P教学法..题目问的是：PPP教学模式是教师先通过语境呈现并讲解语言点;后让学生经过反复、大量的操练后再达到自由运用表达的程度..PPP教学模式是什么PPP教学模式是“讲解presentation、操练practice、运用production”这一沿用已久的传统教学模式..在这种“标准”下;中国英语语法教学大体表现为以教师为中心、采取灌输教学法、运用题海战术..我们可以排除B选项..二十三、Passage l二十四、21．答案D..解析：根据题干关键词定位到第一段..第一段中的第三句和第四句分别提到了人口、不同的角色和不同的社会阶层..而文中始终没有提及不同的位置;故选D..二十五、22．答案C..解析：根据第二段的第一句可知;当欧洲城市生活的基础才刚刚开始的时候;中东的城市生活已经从古代城市文明中发展起来了..故选C..二十六、23．答案D..解析：根据题干关键词定位到第三段的第三句“In districts where travel and trade…as the nuclear settlement”;由此可知..市场也是一个很重要的地理标志..故选D..二十七、24．答案C..解析：根据题干关键词定位到第三段最后一句“It is;of course;much more difficult to do this…its original size”;由此可知;一个面积是原先面积很多倍的大型现代城市;是很难再探寻到其原始核心村落的概貌的..故可推断面积不大是容易探寻其原始核心村落的概貌的原因..故选C..二十八、25．答案D..解析：纵观全文可知本文通篇都在讲述古代城市的特点;因此D项“古代城市的特点”最适合作为本文的标题..故选D..二十九、Passage 2三十、26．答案B..解析：文章第一段提到有两个因素影响人的智力;即先天因素及后天的环境因素..之后提到了两者的关系;如果环境不利;大脑也不可能发展到相应的智力水平..第二段举例说明了环境对智力的影响..因此B项作为标题最恰当..三十一、27．答案C..解析：能够体现主旨的最好论述是C项;即环境在决定一个人智力高低上面起关键性作用..三十二、28．答案B..解析：根据第二段“Mark’s LQ．was l25;twenty-five points higher than the average”可知;平均智商是l00;选B..三十三、29．答案 C..解析：由最后一句“Given equal opportunities;the twins;having identical brains;would have tested at roughlv the same level．”可知答案为C;即缺乏机会能阻碍智力的发展..三十四、30．答案C..解析：通过例子可知;一对双胞胎的先天智力是相同的．但是由于受的教育不同;后天智商相差很多;由此可见教育可以提高智商;故选C..三十五、二、简答题三十六、31．参考答案三十七、1教学反思是教师为改进教学而对教学进行反思的行为;包括收集有关教学的数据;对自己的信念、态度、价值观、知识、假设、教学实践以及社会所给予的机会和限制进行批判性思考;从而寻求其他方法以更有效地达到目的和目标..三十八、2注意事项：三十九、①教学反思的内容要具体合理：反思要针对具体的教学环节与设计内容进行;不能过于笼统;也不能从观念与理论上做一些大而无当、空洞无物的说明；不应当套用特定的理论标准或使用过高的、不切实际的标准来反思自己的教学过程..四十、②教学反思的分析与表述要准确：要准确地说明所分析的对象;分析的逻辑要清晰明了;不要使用一些模糊的、自编的;或只是在小范围内熟知的、常用的套话或术语..四十一、③教学反思的要求要客观：要以改进教学效果、提高学生的学习效率为目标;不应当一味地拔高要求;或是无原则地自我批评..四十二、3教学后反思的内容：四十三、教学后反思围绕教学内容、教学过程、教学策略进行..具体为：四十四、①教学内容方面四十五、确定教学目标的适用性；对目标所采取的教学策略做出判断..四十六、②教学过程方面四十七、回忆教学是怎样进行的；对教学目标的反思：是否达到预期的教学效果；对教学理论的反思：是否符合教与学的基本规律；对学生的评价与反思：各类学生是否达到了预定目标；对执行教学计划情况的反思：改变计划的原因和方法是否有效;采用别的活动和方法是否更有效；对改进措施的反思：教学计划怎样修改会更有效..四十八、③教学策略方面四十九、感知环节：教师要意识到教学中存在的问题与自己密切相关；理解环节：教师要对自己的教学活动与倡导的理论;行为结果与期望进行比较;明确问题根源；重组环节：教师要重审教学思想;寻求新策略；验证环节：检验新思想、新策略、新方案是否更有效;形成新感知;发现新问题;开始新循环..五十、三、教学情境分析题五十一、32．参考答案五十二、1语篇指的是实际使用的语言单位;是一次交际过程中的一系列连续的话段或句子所构成的语言整体..五十三、根据韩礼德的观点;语篇是一个语义单位或意义潜势的现实化;任何一个口头或书面语言片段..不论其长短;只要能构成一个语义整体;即表达完整的意思;就可以称之为语篇..根据语篇的概念;该材料属于会话语篇..五十四、2这份材料适合于口语教学..五十五、理由：五十六、①材料语言比较简单;没有生僻词汇;句式偏向口语化;适合用于口语练习；五十七、②选材偏向生活化;有生活气息．适合平时与人交际使用;英语口语的最终目的就是让学生达到沟通交流;因此会话语篇可以提供这样一个交流的环境..五十八、⑧材料以对话形式呈现有问有答;也有连读和吞音部分;对于语音语调的学习都是很好的内容..五十九、3考虑要素：六十、①教学内容要素：教学内容是要完成的教学任务;是实现教学目标的主要载体..因此教师在选择材料时;将教科书作为主要依据;教材分析基本关注教学的重点、难点及考点方面..比较注重显性教材的运用而忽视隐性教材的挖掘和利用;较少关注与学习教材内容有密切关系的认知和心理因素..以及教材对学生能力的要求;而对教学的重点和难点也只是阐述其内容;没有做进一步的分析..在新课改背景下;教学内容分析既要求对显性教材的运用;也要求对隐性教材的挖掘和利用..六十一、②教学对象要素：学生是分析教学任务必须要考虑的因素..分析学生是为了帮助学生解决学习中的困难;完成教学任务..教师应该做到以下两点：一是要了解教学活动开始前学生在认知、情感、态度等方面已经达到了什么样的水平;这一水平标志着学生已经能做什么;说什么;想明白了什么等等即学生的学历和学情..这是学生掌握新的学习任务的起点水平..二是要了解教授了教学材料后预期学生在认知、情感、态度等方面必须达到的状态..对这种状态的把握最终会转化为确定的教学任务与具体的学习目标..只有当教师的心中对教学前和教学后这两种状态的差距做到心中有数时;才能根据学生的实际情况;确定恰当的教学内容..六十二、③教学目标要素：教学目标是教育者在教学过程中;希望受教育者达到的要求或产生的变化结果;也是教师完成教学任务的归宿..新课程标准从关注学生的学习出发;强调学生是学习的主体;教学目标是教学活动中师生共同追求的;而不是由教师所操纵的..因此;教学目标的主体显然应该是学生..教师在选择教学材料的同时也要以学生为出发点;思考需要完成怎样的教学目标或达到怎样的教学效果..六十三、四、教学设计题六十四、33．参考设计六十五、Teaching Content: This lesson contains some new words; phrases; and sentence patterns ot going on vacation.六十六、It will help students to express their past events.六十七、Teaching Objectives ..六十八、 1 Knowledge objective六十九、Students could learn some new phrases and sentence patterns of vacation.七十、 2 Ability objective七十一、Students could talk about their activities during vacation.七十二、 3 Emotional objective七十三、Students could enhance friendship during the class by talking about common interests.七十四、Teaching Key Point:七十五、New phrases and sentence patterns about vacation七十六、Teaching Difficult Points:七十七、How to get the students to talk about the topic actively.七十八、Teaching Aids :七十九、Multimedia; word cards; some related pictures八十、Teaching Procedures :八十一、Step 1 Leading in and Warming up 5 minutes八十二、Greet with students and the teacher will share his / her own story about his / her vacation.八十三、Justifications: It can attract students' interests to learn this lesson.八十四、Step 2 Pre-reading 10 minutes八十五、The teacher will play a video of travelling during vacation. Students review some phrases about going on vacation. Teacher asks "What did you do on your vacation " to enlighten students on talking about their experience.八十六、Justifications: Playing a video can lead in new class. The form of brainstorming is conducive to students'statements. It also paves the next step.八十七、Step 3 Phrases study 10 minutes八十八、Activity 1 : Make use of pictures on Page 1 to predict learning content and learn phrases"went to the beach""visited the museumsstayed at home"; etc.八十九、Activity 2: Students should do exercise in the textbook la; lb.九十、Activity 3 : Students will do some added exercise of vocabulary by listening to the tape. 九十一、Justifications: Students will understand the meanings of new vocabulary andpictures. Exercise from la helps students memorize new content. Listening exercise from lb will recall the key phases to students.九十二、Step 4 Practice 5 minutes九十三、Activity 1 : Students will look at pictures on Page 2 and answer two questions.九十四、Activity 2: Students should complete listening exercise from 2a and 2b.九十五、Justifications: Pictures help students understand listening content better. Exercise from 2a and 2b helps students know what it talks about.九十六、Step 5 Pair work 10 minutes九十七、Three students will work in a group and play conversation practice by imitating Grace; Kevin and Julie according to materials of 2a and 2b.九十八、Justifications: This part helps students consolidate new words and sentence patterns and imitate pronunciation of listening material.九十九、Step 6 Summary and Homework 5 minutes百、Summary: Students will recall what they have learned today. The teacher can repeat them. 百一、Homework: Students will prepare a speech on the topic "The most unforgettable thing during my vacation" after class and speak it out on the next class.百二、Justification: They can help students to consolidate the knowledge what they have learned on the class.百三、Blackboard Design :百四、New sentence patterns:百五、Where did Tina go on vacation百六、She went to the mountains.百七、New phrases :百八、went to the beach百九、visited the museums百十、staved at home。