上海市黄浦区2015届高三英语一模试卷及答案(官方版)
上海市黄浦区2015届高三上学期期终调研测试（一模）英语试卷II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.（A）The Problem with Top-School ListsThere are around 4,000 accredited universities and other higher education institution in the United States. They offer an immense range of educational experiences, 25__________large research universities to small, friendly liberal arts colleges. This helps explain 26_________the United States attracts more international students than any other country, says Allan E. Goodman, president of the Institute of International Education, 27___________non-profit group promoting student exchanges to and from American.“While elite(精英) U.S programs are among the top ten in the world,” Goodman says, “the unique strength of the U.S. higher education system is diversity.”There is no official ranking system to indicate which institutions are better than others, 28__________several unofficial rankings are listed by magazines and associations. However, educators urge caution in using a ranking table and emphasize that 29___________(good) choice for one student may be very different for another.Institutions of all types 30___________(spread) across the United States. Some students want a campus that will give them the excitement and rich cultural life of a big city such as New York, Chicago, or Los Angeles. 31__________value the peace and beauty of a rural setting, whether the quiet forests and snowy winters of the Northeast, subtropical Florida, the dry expanse of the West, or the Pacific coast with its seashore and nearby mountains.Many institutions have particular strengths in certain academic areas, 32___________(make) them a good choice for students interested in those fields.（B）An evolving gameAsia has already become a cent er of the women’s professional game, and much of the growth in participation across the world is coming from women’s golf.Family-friendly facilities 33___________(develop) for a new golfing demographic(人群) in the following years, 34__________ more women are playing the game and men and women are increasingly spending their leisure time together.Children’s engagement with the game will increase. In China, golf is recognized as a game 35___________teaches children important life principles. Free golf training is offered to kinder-gartners and some parents are now prepared to spend up to 300,000 yuan a year on lessons for their children.“Asia will play an increasingly vital role in the furture development of golf,” say top players past and present.More top events will be added to the schedule in China and other places in Asia, 36__________ the game is becoming more popular. Back-to-back Open Champion Padraig Harrington agrees: You only37___________ look at the European Tour’s schedule and see how many tourn aments are now being hosted by Asia, whether in the Middle East or Far East,” he says.“Change is the price of survival,” says golf legend Gary Player, one of a handful of players 38__________(achieve) the Career Grand Slam(大满贯). “With the eyes of the spor t now firmly 39___________(focus) on Asia, I can see several of the world’s Top 10 coming from Asia and several more global tournaments hosted there by 2020.”The game will also become more technologically engaged. Advances in digital technology will chang e the face of 40_________(coach) with “smart clubs” which memorizes golfers’s grip and swing, allowing them to analyze their performance and learn from their mistakes.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Do note that there is one word more than you need.A. includingB. creationC. extendedD. prohibitedE. suggestionsF. specialG. linking H. investment I. agreements J. coating K. legalLast week, Verizon and Google proposed a plan they say could keep the Internet open while supporting _____41_____ in high-speed Internet service. Verizon has the nation's biggest wireless network while Google is the biggest Internet search engine. The proposal was a surprise because the two companies have been on opposite sides of the debate over net neutrality. That is the idea that all content on the Web should be treated equally. Internet service providers want to be able to charge more for heavy Internet traffic or users who want _____42 ____ services. The Federal Communications Commission regulates telephone, cable and satellite communications. But its power to regulate Internet service has been questioned in the courts. The new proposal calls for rules barring service providers from preventing users from sending and receiving _____43_____ information of any kind. Users also could not be prevented from _____44_____ any application, service or device they choose to the Web. And broadband Internet providers would be _____45_____ from discriminating against content and would have to be open about their policies. Supporters of net neutrality criticized the proposal for not _____46_____wireless providers. Wireless broadband is among the fastest growing parts of the Internet. Others oppose the _____47_____ of a "two-tiered" system on the Internet in which some content gets a fast lane and other content goes slowly.But Daniel Brenner says such a system already exists. DANIEL BRENNER: "In some ways there are two tiers today. In other words, there's the public Internet which we all use for Web surfing, e-mail and sometimes for voice. And then there are managed networks." Daniel Brenner is a partner at the law firm Hogan Lovells in Washington. He says service providers want to be able to charge more because they build networks out to their customers across the country. Such companies are the so-called "last mile" providers. But, the Internet is really a network of networks which exchange traffic all the time and compete with each other. And not all networks reach the last mile to a customer's door. Paul Kouroupas of Global Crossing says his company wants to make sure _____48_____ between service providers are honored on all networks. That way, a service promised by Global Crossing on its fiber optic network will be _____49_____ all the way to a customer's door — even if another company carries the service that last mile. The Verizon-Google proposal offers _____50_____ for a debate that is not likely to end soon. Daniel Brenner says the FCC needs clearer guidelines from Congress.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Digital fingerprinting, fluctuations（波动）in the dollar exchange rate, and a mass of online information are some of the ways making travel to the United Nations in 2010 a different__51___ for international visitors than it was earlier in the 21st century.These__52___ are evident before the visitors leaves his or her country.In 2004, the U.S. Department of Homeland Security(DHS)——a department of the federal government established by laws and regulations in late 2002, after the September 11, 2001,terrorist attacks——established a new series of security__53__ for the international visitors holding non-U.S. passports or visas.__54__ when these visitors apply for a visa, the officer___55___them reviews their application and supporting papers and collects both digital fingerprints and a digital photograph.Recently, the waiting time for these interviews has been significantly__56__. According to Geoff Freeman, a senior vice president of public affairs of U.S. Travel, the trade organization for the U.S. travel industry, many prospective visa applicants now wait fewer than 30 days for an interview,___57___more than 100 days in the past.The Visa Waiter Program(VWP)——which__58___citizens from countries that meet various security and other requirements from obtaining a visa for visits to the United States of 90 days or fewer for business or pleasure——___59___ 36 countries such as Australia, Austria,Belgium and so on.A traveler from a country__60__ in the VWP must obtain an Electronic System for Travel Authorization(ESTA), an online travel authorization, established by DHS. ESTA determines, before the traveler boards a flight, whether the traveler is___61___to travel to the United States under the VWP and whether such travel poses any law implementation or security risks.When an international traveler arrives in the United States, he or she must subject one of the two__62__ to the U.S. Customs and Boarder Protection(CBP)officer: either a white Form I-94, if the traveler has a visa, or a green Form I-94W, if the traveler is a VWP participant. The CBP officer asks the traveler questions about his or her stay, scans the traveler’s fingerprints, and takes a digital photograph. ___63___, VWP travelers, who are not required to obtain a visa, will soon need to pay a fee. The travelers keeps a portion of the I-94 or I-94W form after the CBP___64___ and returns it to CBP upon departure from the United States.In 2007 Congress authorized the consumption of $40 million on a“Model Ports of Entry”program, designed to improve the ____65____procedures of foreign travelers at the 20 U.S. airports with the highest number of international visitors. The program aims to improve staffing, queue management, signage, and infrastructure at the top 20 U.S. international airports and to hire at least 200 new CBP officers.51.A.experiment B.examination C.experience D.excursion52.A.changes B.fluctuations C.fingerprints munications53.A.explanations B.registrations C.applications D.procedures54.A.Surprisingly B.Specifically C.Hopefully D.Occasionally55.A.inspecting B.instructing C.interviewing D.investigating56.A.reduced B.resolved C.reviewed D.released57.A.owing to pared to C.according to D. added up to58.A.protects B.stimulates C.promises D.relieves59.A.leads to B.applies to C.depends on D.makes up60.A.persevering B.previewing C.participating D.promoting61.A.accessible B.acceptable C.available D.adaptable62.A.participants B.decisions C.documents D.photographs63.A.For instance B.As a result C.In addition D.On the contrary64.A.check B.project C.design D.proposal65.A.queue B.program C.arrival D.departureSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)In 1801, Giuseppe Piazzi discovered a new object in the sky. He thought it was an undiscovered comet. After further observation, he realized that it behaved more like a small planet than a comet. Piazzi named it Ceres after the Sicillian goddess of grain. Ceres remains the largest known asteroids（小行星）in the sky. It means almost 600 miles（1,000 km) in diameter. By the end of the nineteenth century, several hundred other asteroids had been identified.Tens of thousands of asteroids have since been discovered, with thousands more found each year. Asteroids are masses of rock and metal that orbit（绕轨道而行）the sun between Mars and Jupiter. They did not form into planets because the perturbations of Jupiter kept them moving too fast to join together. The total mass of all of the asteroids is less than the size of Earth’s moon.Some of the asteroids move in orbits outside the zone between Mars and Jupiter. Asteroids that come relatively close to Earth are known as near-Earth asteroids(NEAs). Scientists estimate that about 1,000 of these asteroids are 0.6 miles(1km) in diameter. An asteroid of this colliding（碰撞）with Earth would be disastrous.Scientists have found two sites where giant asteroids struck Earth millions of years ago. One asteroid hit Antarctica about 250 million years ago. Another asteroid struck Mexico’s Yucantan Peninsula around 65 million years ago, leaving a hole 112 miles(180km) wide and 1,000 yards (915m) deep. One theory blames the extinction of the dinosaurs on this as teroids’s collision with Earth and the climate change that resulted from its impact.Occasionally, small asteroids strike Earth. These cause little damage. Major collision, such as the one that may have killed the dinosaurs, occur rarely--perhaps only once every 100 million years.Although the chance of an asteroid striking the planet anytime soon is small, scientists continue to study the orbits of asteroids in the sky. They pay particularly close attention to the asteroids whose paths are close to Earth, and have even landed a spacecraft on an NEA named Eros. Their work helps them learn about the formation of the solar system. It may even help them discover ways to avoid an asteroid disaster in the future.66.Which of the following statement is NOT true about asteroids?A. Asteroids are composed of rock and metal.B. Asteroids orbit the sun between Mars and Jupiter.C. Large near-Earth asteroids are sure to strike Earth.D. A large asteroid colliding with Earth would cause a disaster.67.The word “perturbations”(paragraph 2) is closest in meaning to “ ”.A. Formation of rocksB. Disturbance of motionC. Estimation of scientistsD. Influences of size68.What scientists have found implies thatA. two sites of Earth hit giant asteroids millions of years agoB. Antarctica was once struck by an asteroid millions of years agoC. one asteroid left a huge hole in Mexico 250 million years agoD. the extinction of dinosaurs resulted in asteroid’s collision wit h Earth69.Which of the following events happened third according to the passage?A. Giuseppe Piazzi discovered a new object and name it Ceres.B. Scientists had a spacecraft land on Eros to learn more about the solar system.C. Asteroids orbiting the sun failed to form into planets.D. Several hundred asteroids had been identified by the end of the nineteenth century.(B)The Box-Office NumbersThe Motion Picture Association of American (MPAA)* has produced a 24-page report that summarizes box-office data, primarily using bold charts and graphs. To access the entire report, “2009 U.S. Theatrical Market Statistics,”going to /2009-US-Report.pdf.Highlights of the report include●In 2005, the U.S. Movie industry’s box-office revenues(收入) totaled $25.2billion, with just over one-third of that, $9.49 billion, coming from domestic audiences and the rest from international audience. Both domestic and foreign ticket sales increased from 2008, but the foreign revenues grew more.●For the first time in 2009, a film earned more than $400 million domestically70.The Motion Picture Association of America aims to_______A. Conclude box-office data and give reportsB.make full use of bold charts and graphsC.download relative reports from the websitesD.control U.S. Theatrical Market Statistics71.Which of the following is true about the U.S. Movie industry’s box-office revenues?A. The revenues coming from international audiences totaled $8.41 billion in 2005.B. The revenues produces from domestic audiences added up to $25.82 billion in 2009.C. The foreign revenues grew more compared with domestic ticket sales from 2008.D. A film firstly made more than $400 million both at home and abroad in 2009.72.Highlights of the report include the following aspects except______A.the U.S. movie industry’s box-office revenuesB.the numbers of the newly released U.S. MoviesC.the status of film lovers’ go ing to the cinemasD.the U.S. Movie admission to six large studios73.Why does MPAA describe itself as “The Voice and Advocate of the AmericanMotion Picture, Home Video and Television Industries”?A. Because MPAA is an organization with no intention to earn money.B. Because MPAA is made up of all the large studios throughout America.C. Because MPAA devotes itself to working standing for the film industry.D. Because MPAA runs a world-wide web site reflecting the Motion Picture.(C)For age the word has been going around that the dog is the man’s best friend. I agree. A dog can be hardly as a night watchman around the house, as a pointer on a hunting trip, as a guardian and playmate for the children. But I think that having a dog for a pet is so expensive and annoying that I can do without such a friend.Providing for the dog’s needs is so expensive that the animals should be an income tax deduction(扣除). There’s the medical bill for shots to keep the animal healthy. Unless it’s kept in the house 24 hours a day, a female must be given “preventive maintenance” a ten-to twenty-dollar investment. Otherwise, before you know it , you’ll have more “income tax deductions” in your family. And dogs have to eat. Don’t think you can buy a case of Ken-L-Ration and be done with it. A dog can be as particular about food as a French expert. To feed even a Chihuahua, a very small Mexican dog, you’ll spend three to five dollars a week. If you own a big, you need a large dog-house. They’re expens ive. A carpenter will build a luxurious model for about seventy-five dollars. For about thirty dollars’ worth of materials, a weekend’s work, and a smashed thumb, you can build a simple one yourself. And these are only the major costs.A dog is so annoying that no one in his right mind would want to own one. Consider the dog owner blessed with a dog that fetches-slippers, rubber toys, newspapers. Have you eased your bare feet into slippers bitten by dogs, seen a living room destroyed by a toy boxer, tried to read a newspaper chewed to wet pieces by an obedient Boston bull? And dogs make noise. Some huge dogs bark all night. But you aren’t the only one to endure sleepless nights; your neighbors let you know they didn’t sleep either. Policemen are frequent vis itors to dog owners’ homes. They inquire about holes reported dug in neighbors’ flower beds, prize cats injured and bleeding, and pet chickens and ducks sent to their reward. Suspect: your dog! You deny everything, of course. Rex, you assure the officers, was asleep by the door. But you secretly suspect him, because you don’t really know where Pex was all week. And you remember wondering why feathers were floating in his water bowl yesterday. Dogs are annoying. Neither a fire-breathing mother-in-law nor a talkative wife prove more annoying to man than a dog.Dog lovers will, of course, claim my argument one-sides, even exaggerated. They might consider me as cruel as the Russians, who possibly attempting to solve their own canine crisis--shot Fido into orbit. But the fact remains, if our best friends caused us the expense and annoyance our dog does, we’d soon encouraged them to become astronauts.74.Which statement is NOT true about the dog as man’s best friend?A. A dog will help to watch people.B. A dog will guard your house at night.C. A dog will play with your children.D. A dog will serve as a guide for the hunters.75.In paragraph2, “preventive maintenance” meas a measure to_____.A.keep the dog in the house the whole dayB.invest ten to twenty dollars in female pregnantC.prevent a female dog from becoming pregnantD.provide for the food that dogs eat76.Policemen frequently visit dog owners’ homes because______.A.the police station was destroyed by dogsB.neighbor’s domestics pets were killed or injured.’C.they want to ask about neighbor’s flowersD.they can’t stand sleepless nights any more77.From the last two paragraphs, we can learn that______.A.a dog is not as annoying as a fire-breathing mother-in-lawB.it is more difficult for man to cope with a talkative wife than with a dogC.dog lovers prove to be as cruel as the Russians in the argumentD.a dog is a troublemaker that causes its owner the most annoyance.Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.On October 29, 1929, the United States stock market crashed. In the days that followed, banks and businesses closed, the number of the unemployed workers rose to 15million, and many people lost their savings. As the economic crisis wore on, it became known as the Great Depression. It left many people feeling anxious and uncertain about the future.Within days of his inauguration(就职典礼) in 1933, President Franklin Delano Roosevelt(FDR) began taking steps to stabilize the banking system, support the economy, and provide jobs for unemployed workers. To keep the American public informed about the changes that were underway, he gave a series of radio addresses called fireside chats. FDR used these broadcasts to speak about a number of issues. The first of Roosevelt’s fireside chats was delivered on Sunday, March 12,1933. His goal in this message was to explain the bank crisis in the United States.He explained to American why banks had run out of money. Roosevelt assured people that their money was safe and that they could get their money when they really needed it. He said that most of the banks would be open the next day and that others would be open again very soon. His message’s purpose was to restore American’s confidence in their banking system.Roosevelt’s chats to America were popular with the people. Many looked forward to hearing what FDR had to say. The White House did not always tell the public whether a particular radio address was to be regarded as a fireside chat. As a result, there is some question about the exact number of these speeches.Twenty-eight such addresses were definitely identified, and two other radio addresses could have also been chats.Roosevelt delivered his final fireside chat on June 12,1944. The focus was opening a fifth war-loan drive. He complimented the American people for supporting the war effort with the purchase of more than $32 billion of war bonds. He encouraged them to buy more as the war effort continued to cost money every day, money that he confidently predicted would lead to final victory.(Notes:Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)78.______________ led to the Great Depression according to the passage.79. What’s the purpose of Roosevelt’s fireside chats?80. Roosevelt delivered his first fireside chat to assure people of _____________________.81. Why did Roosevelt praise the American people in his final fireside chat?第Ⅱ卷（共47分）Ⅰ.TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.前天，许多物理学家出席了颁奖典礼。
上海市十三校2015届高三第一次联考英语试题含答案
2014年高三调研考英语试卷2014.12考试时间：120分钟满分：150分第I 卷（共103分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. $30. B. $13. C. $35. D. $60.2. A. In the florist’s. B. In the post office. C. In a bakery. D. At a fruit stand.3. A. Sorry. B. Annoyed. C. Disappointed. D. Surprised.4. A. Secretary and boss. B. Student and teacher.C. Patient and nurse.D. Customer and waitress.5. A. A bus driver. B. An airline ticket agent.C. A post office clerk.D. A department store salesperson.6. A. To go to a physical club. B. To work in the office.C. To sleep in bed.D. To go shopping.7. A. Jim looks nice in his new shirt. B. Jim looks nicer in his old shirt.C. Jim does not look nice in his old shirt.D. Jim isn’t well-dressed.8. A. He can teach her that program. B. He is going to ask Dick for help.C. He's busier than Dick.D. He taught himself that program.9. A. The man can speak German. B. The man knows nothing about German.C. The man can read in German.D. The man knows both English and German.10. A. She doesn’t like the get-together. B. The man has told her about the get-together.C. She is ignorant of the get-together.D. A get-together will be held next weekend.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. They could be used everywhere. B. Customers had to pay for things in full.C. They were very popular before the 1920s.D. Everyone could get this kind of credit card.12. A. Because this card could be used at many shops.B. Because they could pay for things a little at a time.C. Because they could spend more money with credit card.D. Because they didn't need to carry a lot of cash with them.13. A. Part of the development of credit cards. B. How to use credit cards.C. How credit cards help businessmen.D. The number of credit card users.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Exactly during the explosion. B. When the plane was full of smoke.C. When the engines were turned off.D. Before the engines sounded scary.15. A. Never to put off anything in life. B. To reach out to people around.C. To see his daughter grow up.D. To be a good father.16. A. An emergency crash-landing guide. B. A speech on one’s air travel experience.C. An introduction of an adventure novel.D. A safety training for air passengers.Section CDirections:In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: A fter reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)Sports is both my work and lifeAmong various events organized by our company, the marathon impresses me most. The most unforgettable scene happened in my first year of work, (25) ______ I witnessed a silver-haired man in his 80s walk slowly toward the finishing line accompanied by two nurses. It was at that moment (26) ______ I was deeply moved. I realized (27) ______ marathon spirit stands for --- perseverance, willpower, self-proving and self-breakthrough.I took part in the Nike Women's Half Marathon in Washington DC this year. It was my first half marathon. (28) ______ ______ I passed over the bridge, runners from the opposite direction gave me high fives with an unspoken understanding, allowing me to forget fatigue and regain energy instantly.There were many times when I wanted to quit. But runners around me, as well as the spectators along the road, always encouraged me. In the last 500 meters, (29) ______ (feel) sick in the stomach because of the cold wind, I slowed my pace and intended to walk. A woman shouted at me: "Hey, you are almost there. Come on girl! You're doing a great job." What amazing power (30) ______ words had! I started to run again. And finally I made it.Running is flesh-and-blood and not just mechanical movements. Thus, I can’t help but (31) ______ (become) more considerate about runners when organizing races. I wish to create a far (32) ______ (favorable) running environment, offer better services and help them achieve the results they expect, happily, conveniently and comfortably.(B)Photo hacking: sex crimeOscar winner Jennifer Lawrence, one of dozens of actresses, models and celebrities whose images have been posted online, spoke about the photo hacking scandal for the first time on Tuesday, saying it is a crime and sexual violation.In an interview with Vanity Fair magazine, Lawrence, 24, said she was frightened after the photos was released last month and worried about the impact it would have(33) ______ her career."Just because I'm an actress and public figure, does not mean that I asked for this." Lawrence, (34)______ won a best actress Academy Award, told the magazine. The star said she considered(35)______ (write) an apology but had been in a loving, four-year relationship and realized she had nothing to say sorry for."It's not a scandal," she said. "It's a sexual violation. The law needs to be changed, (36) ______ it?"Lawrence had been dating British actor Nicholas Hoult but the couple are reported (37) ______ (split up) last summer.Photos of Lawrence, model Kate Upton, actress Kirsten Dunst and other women had apparently been hacked from individual iCloud accounts and were uploaded to the image-sharing forum 4chan.The FBI said it was aware of the release of the photos and (38) ______ (address) the matter. Apple Inc admitted that certain celebrity accounts (39) ______ (offend), but the company said none of the cases (40)______ (investigate) were due to any breach (违反) in Apple's systems including iCloud or Find My iPhone.The iCloud system lets users store photos and other content and to access it from any Apple device.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.In modern society loneliness can be seen as a social phenomenon and people can experience loneliness for many reasons. It is a very common, though normally temporary, 51 of a breakup, divorce, or loss of any important long-term relationship. In these cases, loneliness may result both from the loss of a specific person and from the withdrawal from social circles.The loss of a significant person in one's life will typically initiate a(n) 52 response; in this situation, one might feel lonely, even while in the company of others.Loneliness may also result from any socially disruptive(破裂的) event, such as moving from one's home town into 53 communities leading to homesickness. Loneliness can also occur in places with low population densities in which there are comparatively few people to 54 .There are many different ways used to 55 loneliness. The first step that most doctors recommend to patients is therapy. Short term therapy typically occurs over a period of ten to twenty weeks. During therapy, emphasis is put on understanding the cause of the problem, 56 the negative thoughts, feelings, and attitudes resulting from the problem, and exploring ways to help the patient feel connected. Some doctors also recommend 57 therapy as a means to connect with other sufferers and establish a support system. It may take several attempts before a suitable anti-depressant medication is found. Some patients may also develop a resistance to a certain type of medication and need to 58 periodically.Another treatment is animal-assisted therapy. Studies and surveys indicate that the presence of animal companions such as dogs, cats, rabbits, and guinea pigs can 59 feelings of loneliness or depression among some sufferers. Beyond the companionship the animal itself provides there may also be increased opportunities for 60 with other pet owners. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention there are a number of other health benefits associated with pet ownership, such as lowered blood pressure. In addition, some other alternative approaches may include exercise, dieting, etc, which many patients find have a 61 effect on relieving symptoms. Results of a study also suggest that correcting maladaptive social cognition (认知) offers the best chance of 62 loneliness.Nevertheless, loneliness can sometimes play an important role in the 63 process. In some people, temporary or prolonged loneliness can lead to notable artistic and creative expression, for example, as was the case with poet Emily Dickinson, and numerous musicians. This is not to imply that loneliness itself ensures this creativity, 64 , it may have an influence on the subject matter of the artist and more likely be present in individuals 65 creative activities.51. A. type B. concern C. consequence D. evidence52. A. grief B. emotion C. offence D. horror53. A. informal B. uncertain C. relevant D. unfamiliar54. A. turn to B. interact with C. long for D. share with55. A. release B. observe C. monitor D. treat56. A. reversing B. directing C. measuring D. pursuing57. A. long-term B. sightseeing C. patient D. group58. A. quit B. evolve C. switch D. exercise59. A. confirm B. protest C. enhance D. ease60. A. socializing B. interfering C. comparing D. coping61. A. historic B. restorative C. decisive D. permanent62. A. promoting B. enhancing C. reducing D. striving63. A. creative B. musical C. artistic D. poetic64. A. however B. therefore C. rather D. otherwise65. A. restricted to B. engaged in C. concerned about D. altered bySection BDirections: Read the following four passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.（A）Chimpanzees, long considered reluctant to share, apparently can display selfless tendencies, revealing one more key way our closest living relatives are like humans, scientists find. These findings could shed light on the evolution of altruism in humans.Previously, a belief was widely held that human altruism evolved only after humans split from their ape cousins about 6 million years ago. In recent years, however, research has revealed just how much chimpanzees have in common with us. They can hunt with spears, play with dolls and mourn their partn ers’ death."Most of the earlier studies had presented the apes with a complex implement that helped them deliver food to themselves or others, often so complicated that the experiments tested tool skills rather than social tendencies," De Waal told Live Science. "Ours is the first study that uses no such implement at all."In addition to using complex food-delivery systems, past experiments often placed the chimpanzees so far apart that they might not have realized how their actions benefited others. In these new, simplified experiments, two apes were housed next to each other with a screen through which they could see each other. Then, one chimpanzee had to choose between two differently colored tokens (币) from a bin, one of which represented a pro-social (亲社会的) option, the other a selfish option. The pro-social option would cause both chimpanzees to receive a piece of banana wrapped in paper. The selfish option only rewarded the ape who made the choice.In a study with seven adult female chimps placed into various pairs, the scientists found all the apes showed a definite preference for the pro-social option. "For me, the most important finding is that like us, chimpanzees take into account the needs and wishes of others," researcher Victoria Horner, said.The chimpanzees behaved especially altruistically toward partners who either patiently waited or gently reminded them that they were there by drawing attention to themselves. They were less likely to reward partners who pressured through making a fuss, begging persistently or spitting water at them. This is opposite to a long-standing view that the chimpanzees only share food under pressure.66. The word " altruism " (paragraph 1) is closest in meaning to ______.A. selflessnessB. selfishnessC. willingnessD. reluctance67. Recent researches are performed with less complicated implements mainly to ______.A. test chimps’ social tendencies instead of tool skillsB. see whether chimps are willing to share food with othersC. find out if chimps are likely to reward partnersD. show that chimps are only good at using implements68. What can be learned from the passage?A. Chimps are usually unwilling to share.B. Chimps take others’ needs and wishes into consideration.C. It is more likely that chimps will reward partners who give them pressure.D. Human altruism evolved only after humans separated from their ape relatives.69. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. Evolution History of Altruism in HumansB. Similarities between Chimps and MankindC. Chimps Do Show Selfless BehaviorD. Chimps Only Share Food under Pressure70. We can learn from the passage that______.A. Grade one students in a high school can apply for the programB. i t’s possible for graduates to obtain both a bachelor’s degree and a doctor’s degreeC. graduates are promised to have a chance to work with top biomedical scientistsD. a thesis is not necessary if an undergraduate wants to go to graduate school71. Which of the following is an unnecessary requirement for application?A. A combined SAT I score of 1400.B. A combined SAT II score of 600 in Math and one science.C. Three letters of recommendation from his teachers.D. A letter of recommendation from the principal.72. What's the purpose of this passage?A. To tell the students how to learn well in Biochemistry & Molecular Biology.B. To introduce a very famous university “University of Miami”.C. To attract excellent high school graduates to apply for the Honors Program.D. To give information on how to contact Director of the Honors Program.73. If an applicant wants more information, he can contact Director of the Honors Program except ______.A. by phoneB. in personC. by e-mailD. by fax(C)Exercise may help to safeguard the mind against depression through previously unknown effects on working muscles, according to a new study involving mice.Mental health experts have long been aware that even mild, repeated stress can contribute to the development of depression and other mood disorders in animals and people. Scientists have also known that exercise seems to cushion against depression. But precisely how exercise, a physical activity can lessen someone’s risk for dep ression, a mood state, has been mysterious. So for the new study, researchers at the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm studied the brains and behavior of mice in a complicated and novel fashion.We can’t ask mice if they are feeling cheerful or in low spirits. Instead, researchers have pictured certain behaviors that indicate depression in mice. If animals lose weight, stop seeking out a sugar solution when it’s available — because, probably, they no longer experience normal pleasures — or give up trying to escape from the cold-water zone just freeze in place, they are categorized as depressed. And in the new experiment, after five weeks of frequent but low-level stress, such as being lightly shocked, mice displayed exactly those behaviors. They became depressed.The scientists could then have tested whether exercise blunts (延缓) the risk of developing depression after stress by having mice run first. But, frankly, from earlier research, they wanted to know how, so they bred pre-exercised mice. A wealth of earlier research by these scientists and others had shown that aerobic exercise, in both mice and people, increases the production within muscles of an enzyme (酶) called PGC-1alpha. The Karolinska scientists suspected that this enzyme somehow creates conditions within the body that protect the brain against depression. Then, the scientists exposed the animals, which without exercising, were in high levels of PGC-1alpha to five weeks of mild stress. The mice responded with slight symptoms of worry. But they did not develop depression. They continued to seek out sugar and fought to get out of the cold-water zone. Their high levels of PGC-1alpha appeared to make them depression-resistant. Finally, to ensure that these findings are relevant to people, the researchers had a group of adult volunteers complete three weeks of frequent endurance training, consisting of 40 to 50 minutes of moderate cycling or jogging. The scientists conducted muscle biopsies (活体检查) before and after the program and found that by the end o f the three weeks, the volunteers’ muscle cells contained substantially more PGC-1alpha than at the study’s start.The finding of these results, in the simplest terms, is that “you reduce the risk of getting depression when you exercise,” said Maria Lindsk og, a researcher at the Karolinska Institute.74. The researchers at the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm conducted the new study hoping toknow______.A. if exercise cushions against depressionB. what can lead to depression in animals and peopleC. if stress can contribute to the development of depressionD. how exercise contributes to reducing someone’s risk for depression75. We can infer from the new experiment conducted by researchers at the Karolinska Institute that mice aredepressed except when ______.A. they stand still in placeB. they stop searching for the sugar waterC. they attempt to escape from the cold-water zoneD. they can’t experience normal pleasures any longer76. Researchers asked a group of adult volunteers to complete three weeks of frequent endurance training inorder to ______.A. know if exercise can help to safeguard the mind against depressionB. know if they can endure 40 to 50 minutes of moderate cycling or joggingC. confirm the findings above are also relevant to peopleD. ensure they can lose weight after moderate cycling or jogging77. It can be concluded from the passage that______.A. the enzyme called PGC-1alpha helps to ease depressionB. athletes are more likely to develop depression than ordinary peopleC. the mice with high levels of PGC-1alpha are easier to develop depressionD. in the past mental health specialists didn’t know exercise could help reduce depressionSection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.By 2050, half of the world’s population will reside（居住）in the tropics—the relatively warm belt that circles the globe—according to State of the Tropics, a report released today. Rapid population growth, along with eco nomic growth, means that the region’s influence will grow in coming decades, the authors of the 500-page work predict.The project, initially launched in 2011, aimed to answer one significant question: Is life in the tropics improving? To find out, the researchers analyzed environmental, social, and economic indicators collected over 6 decades. It finds that the region has made “extraordinary progress” in many areas. For example, there’s been a 14% increase in the proportion of the population with access t o safe drinking water, and the number of protected areas is increasing. The tropics also have outperformed (胜过) the rest of the world in economic growth over the past 30 years; it now represents approximately 18.7% of global economic activity, up from 14.5% in 1980.Nevertheless, some challenges remain. Investment in research and development, for example, has increased modestly, but tropical nations still invest less than the rest of the world. “As a proportion of GDP the Rest of the World invests almost fo ur times as much in research and development than the Tropics,” concludes the report.The report also includes a new analysis of how climate change will affect the region. Many plant and animal species are moving poleward in an attempt to stay within their preferred environmental conditions in the tropics, the authors write. However, some organisms may not be able to keep pace with the changing conditions, they predict. As a result, they can experience population declines or go extinct.In addition, an expanded tropical zone also threatens health and safety issues, the authors warn. As regions become more suitable to insects such as mosquitoes and ticks, the prevalence of insect-bornediseases such as malaria, dengue, and Lyme disease could rise, causing a burden to human health and the economy.Bruna, a researcher, says he sees a lot to be concerned about in the report. “While we’ve made incredible advances in some areas, I think the risks for the tropics that are highlighted in this report are things that we really need to be concerned about.”(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS)78. The growth of both __________ displays that the influence of the tropics will increase in the future.79. What was the original purpose of the project State of the Tropics?80. According to the report, some organisms can experience population drop and extinction because of their __________.81. An expanded tropical zone will threaten health and safety issues; apart from that, what are the other existing challenges mentioned in the passage?第II卷 (共47分)I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentence into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 你今晚能去参加李教授的讲座吗? (likely)2. 各国科学家正加强合作，寻求节能的有效方法。
2015届上海黄浦区高考英语阅读专题测试(3)附答案.doc
完形填空。
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。
I first went to hear a live rock concert when I was eight years old. My brother and his friends were all ___1____ of a heavy metal group called Black Wednesday. When they ___2____ that Black Wednesday were going to perform at our local theatre, they all bought ____3___ for performance. However, at the last minute, once of the friends couldn’t go, so my brother __4____ me the ticket. I was really ___5____!I remember the buzz (嘈杂声) of excitement inside the theatre as we all found our _6___ . After a few minutes, the lights went down and everybody became __7___. I could barely make out the stage in the 8___. We waited. Then there was a roar from the crowd, like an explosion, as the first members of the band _9___ the stage. My brother leaned over and shouted something in my ear, but I couldn’t ___10__ what he was saying. The first song was already starting and the music was as ____11__ a jet engine. I could ___12__ the drum beats and bass notes in my stomach.I can’t recall any of the songs that the band played. I just _13 that I really enjoyed the show and didn’t want it to _14 _. But in the end, after three encores (加演), the show finished. We left the 15 _ and walked unsteadily out onto the pavement. I felt a little dizzy, as if I had just 16 _from a long sleep. My ears were still 17 _with the beat of the last song.After the 18 , I became a Black Wednesday fan too for a few years before getting into other kinds of music. Once in a while, 19 _, I listen to one of their songs and 20 _I’m back at that first show.( ) 1. A. members B. friends C. fans D. volunteers( ) 2. A. guessed B. discovered C. thought D. predicted( ) 3. A. flowers B. drinks C. clothes D. tickets( ) 4. A. booked B. offered C. returned D. found( ) 5. A. relaxed B. embarrassed C. excited D. encouraged ( ) 6. A. seats B. entrance C. spots D. space( ) 7. A. comfortable B. quite C. serious D. nervous( ) 8. A. silence B. noise C. darkness D. smoke( ) 9. A. fell upon B. got through C. broke into D. stepped onto ( ) 10. A. forget B. hear C. repeat D. bear( ) 11. A. loud B. heard C. sweet D. fast( ) 12. A. feel B. touch C. enjoy D. digest( ) 13. A. realize B. understand C. believe D. remember ( ) 14. A. continue B. delay C. finish D. change ( ) 15. A. party B. theatre C. opera D. stage( ) 16. A. escaped B. traveled C. benefited D. woken( ) 17. A. aching B. burning C. ringing D. rolling( ) 18. A. competition B. performance C. interview D. celebration ( ) 19. A. through B. otherwise C. instead D. besides( ) 20. A. decide B. regret C. conclude D. imagine【文章大意】讲述的是作者回忆18岁的往事，作者通过对自己美好童年的回忆，对音乐会现场的描述，生动了体现了作者和当代90后们一样的对于音乐的狂热之情。
上海市黄浦区2015届高三英语一模试卷及答案(官方版)
XX市黄浦区2015届高三上学期期终调研测试（一模）英语试卷II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.（A）The Problem with Top-School ListsThere are around 4,000 accredited universities and other higher education institution in the United States. They offer an immense range of educational experiences, 25__________large research universities to small, friendly liberal arts colleges. This helps explain 26_________the United States attracts more international students than any other country, says Allan E. Goodman, president of the Institute of International Education, 27___________non-profit group promoting student exchanges to and from American.“While elite(精英) U.S programs are among the top ten in the world,” Goodman says, “the unique strength of the U.S. higher education system is diversity.”There is no official ranking system to indicate which institutions are better than others, 28__________several unofficial rankings are listed by magazines and associations. However, educators urge caution in using a ranking table and emphasize that 29___________(good) choice for one student may be very different for another.Institutions of all types 30___________(spread) across the United States. Some students want a campus that will give them the excitement and rich cultural life of a big city such as New York, Chicago, or Los Angeles. 31__________value the peace and beauty of a rural setting, whether the quiet forests and snowy winters of the Northeast, subtropical Florida, the dry expanse of the West, or the Pacific coast with its seashore and nearby mountains.Many institutions have particular strengths in certain academic areas, 32___________(make) them a good choice for students interested in those fields.（B）An evolving gameAsia has already become a cent er of the women’s professional game, and much of the growth in participation across the world is coming from women’s golf.Family-friendly facilities 33___________(develop) for a new golfing demographic(人群) in the following years, 34__________ more women are playing the game and men and women are increasingly spending their leisure time together.Children’s engagement with the game will increase. In China, golf is recognized as a game 35___________teaches children important life principles. Free golf training is offered to kinder-gartners and some parents are now prepared to spend up to 300,000 yuan a year on lessons for their children.“Asia will play an increasingly vital role in the furture development of golf,” say top players past and present.More top events will be added to the schedule in China and other places in Asia, 36__________ the game is becoming more popular. Back-to-back Open Champion Padraig Harrington agrees: You only37___________ look at the European Tour’s schedule and see how many tourn aments are now being hosted by Asia, whether in the Middle East or Far East,” he says.“Change is the price of survival,” says golf legend Gary Player, one of a handful of players 38__________(achieve) the Career Grand Slam(大满贯). “With the eyes of the spor t now firmly 39___________(focus) on Asia, I can see several of the world’s Top 10 coming from Asia and several more global tournaments hosted there by 2020.”The game will also become more technologically engaged. Advances in digital technology will chang e the face of 40_________(coach) with “smart clubs” which memorizes golfers’s grip and swing, allowing them to analyze their performance and learn from their mistakes.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Do note that there is one word more than you need.Last week, Verizon and Google proposed a plan they say could keep the Internet open while supporting _____41_____ in high-speed Internet service. Verizon has the nation's biggest wireless network while Google is the biggest Internet search engine. The proposal was a surprise because the two companies have been on opposite sides of the debate over net neutrality. That is the idea that all content on the Web should be treated equally. Internet service providers want to be able to charge more for heavy Internet traffic or users who want _____42 ____ services. The Federal Communications Commission regulates telephone, cable and satellite communications. But its power to regulate Internet service has been questioned in the courts. The new proposal calls for rules barring service providers from preventing users from sending and receiving _____43_____ information of any kind. Users also could not be prevented from _____44_____ any application, service or device they choose to the Web. And broadband Internet providers would be _____45_____ from discriminating against content and would have to be open about their policies. Supporters of net neutrality criticized the proposal for not _____46_____wireless providers. Wireless broadband is among the fastest growing parts of the Internet. Others oppose the _____47_____ of a "two-tiered" system on the Internet in which some content gets a fast lane and other content goes slowly.But Daniel Brenner says such a system already exists. DANIEL BRENNER: "In some ways there are two tiers today. In other words, there's the public Internet which we all use for Web surfing, e-mail and sometimes for voice. And then there are managed networks." Daniel Brenner is a partner at the law firm Hogan Lovells in Washington. He says service providers want to be able to charge more because they build networks out to their customers across the country. Such companies are the so-called "last mile" providers. But, the Internet is really a network of networks which exchange traffic all the time and compete with each other. And not all networks reach the last mile to a customer's door. Paul Kouroupas of Global Crossing says his company wants to make sure _____48_____ between service providers are honored on all networks. That way, a service promised by Global Crossing on its fiber optic network will be _____49_____ all the way to a customer's door — even if another company carries the service that last mile. The Verizon-Google proposal offers _____50_____ for a debate that is not likely to end soon. Daniel Brenner says the FCC needs clearer guidelines from Congress.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Digital fingerprinting, fluctuations（波动）in the dollar exchange rate, and a mass of online information are some of the ways making travel to the United Nations in 2010 a different__51___ for international visitors than it was earlier in the 21st century.These__52___ are evident before the visitors leaves his or her country.In 2004, the U.S. Department of Homeland Security(DHS)——a department of the federal government established by laws and regulations in late 2002, after the September 11, 2001,terrorist attacks——established a new series of security__53__ for the international visitors holding non-U.S. passports or visas.__54__ when these visitors apply for a visa, the officer___55___them reviews their application and supporting papers and collects both digital fingerprints and a digital photograph.Recently, the waiting time for these interviews has been significantly__56__. According to Geoff Freeman, a senior vice president of public affairs of U.S. Travel, the trade organization for the U.S. travel industry, many prospective visa applicants now wait fewer than 30 days for an interview,___57___more than 100 days in the past.The Visa Waiter Program(VWP)——which__58___citizens from countries that meet various security and other requirements from obtaining a visa for visits to the United States of 90 days or fewer for business or pleasure——___59___ 36 countries such as Australia, Austria,Belgium and so on.A traveler from a country__60__ in the VWP must obtain an Electronic System for Travel Authorization(ESTA), an online travel authorization, established by DHS. ESTA determines, before the traveler boards a flight, whether the traveler is___61___to travel to the United States under the VWP and whether such travel poses any law implementation or security risks.When an international traveler arrives in the United States, he or she must subject one of the two__62__ to the U.S. Customs and Boarder Protection(CBP)officer: either a white Form I-94, if the traveler has a visa, or a green Form I-94W, if the traveler is a VWP participant. The CBP officer asks the traveler questions about his or her stay, scans the traveler’s fingerprints, and takes a digital photograph. ___63___, VWP travelers, who are not required to obtain a visa, will soon need to pay a fee. The travelers keeps a portion of the I-94 or I-94W form after the CBP___64___ and returns it to CBP upon departure from the United States.In 2007 Congress authorized the consumption of $40 million on a“Model Ports of Entry”program, designed to improve the ____65____procedures of foreign travelers at the 20 U.S. airports with the highest number of international visitors. The program aims to improve staffing, queue management, signage, and infrastructure at the top 20 U.S. international airports and to hire at least 200 new CBP officers.51.A.experiment B.examination C.experience D.excursion52.A.changes B.fluctuations C.fingerprints D munications53.A.explanations B.registrations C.applications D.procedures54.A.Surprisingly B.Specifically C.Hopefully D.Occasionally55.A.inspecting B.instructing C.interviewing D.investigating56.A.reduced B.resolved C.reviewed D.released57.A.owing to B pared to C.according to D. added up to58.A.protects B.stimulates C.promises D.relieves59.A.leads to B.applies to C.depends on D.makes up60.A.persevering B.previewing C.participating D.promoting61.A.accessible B.acceptable C.available D.adaptable62.A.participants B.decisions C.documents D.photographs63.A.For instance B.As a result C.In addition D.On the contrary64.A.check B.project C.design D.proposal65.A.queue B.program C.arrival D.departureSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)In 1801, Giuseppe Piazzi discovered a new object in the sky. He thought it was an undiscovered comet. After further observation, he realized that it behaved more like a small planet than a comet. Piazzi named it Ceres after the Sicillian goddess of grain. Ceres remains the largest known asteroids（小行星）in the sky. It means almost 600 miles（1,000 km) in diameter. By the end of the nineteenth century, several hundred other asteroids had been identified.Tens of thousands of asteroids have since been discovered, with thousands more found each year. Asteroids are masses of rock and metal that orbit（绕轨道而行）the sun between Mars and Jupiter. They did not form into planets because the perturbations of Jupiter kept them moving too fast to join together. The total mass of all of the asteroids is less than the size of Earth’s moon.Some of the asteroids move in orbits outside the zone between Mars and Jupiter. Asteroids that come relatively close to Earth are known as near-Earth asteroids(NEAs). Scientists estimate that about 1,000 of these asteroids are 0.6 miles(1km) in diameter. An asteroid of this colliding（碰撞）with Earth would be disastrous.Scientists have found two sites where giant asteroids struck Earth millions of years ago. One asteroid hit Antarctica about 250 million years ago. Another asteroid struck Mexico’s Yucantan Peninsula around 65 million years ago, leaving a hole 112 miles(180km) wide and 1,000 yards (915m) deep. One theory blames the extinction of the dinosaurs on this as teroids’s collision with Earth and the climate change that resulted from its impact.Occasionally, small asteroids strike Earth. These cause little damage. Major collision, such as the one that may have killed the dinosaurs, occur rarely--perhaps only once every 100 million years.Although the chance of an asteroid striking the planet anytime soon is small, scientists continue to study the orbits of asteroids in the sky. They pay particularly close attention to the asteroids whose paths are close to Earth, and have even landed a spacecraft on an NEA named Eros. Their work helps them learn about the formation of the solar system. It may even help them discover ways to avoid an asteroid disaster in the future.66.Which of the following statement is NOT true about asteroids?A. Asteroids are composed of rock and metal.B. Asteroids orbit the sun between Mars and Jupiter.C. Large near-Earth asteroids are sure to strike Earth.D. A large asteroid colliding with Earth would cause a disaster.67.The word “perturbations”(paragraph 2) is closest in meaning to “ ”.A. Formation of rocksB. Disturbance of motionC. Estimation of scientistsD. Influences of size68.What scientists have found implies thatA. two sites of Earth hit giant asteroids millions of years agoB. Antarctica was once struck by an asteroid millions of years agoC. one asteroid left a huge hole in Mexico 250 million years agoD. the extinction of dinosaurs resulted in asteroid’s collision wit h Earth69.Which of the following events happened third according to the passage?A. Giuseppe Piazzi discovered a new object and name it Ceres.B. Scientists had a spacecraft land on Eros to learn more about the solar system.C. Asteroids orbiting the sun failed to form into planets.D. Several hundred asteroids had been identified by the end of the nineteenth century.(B)70.The Motion Picture Association of America aims to_______A. Conclude box-office data and give reportsB.make full use of bold charts and graphsC.download relative reports from the websitesD.control U.S. Theatrical Market Statistics71.Which of the following is true about the U.S. Movie industry’s box-office revenues?A. The revenues coming from international audiences totaled $8.41 billion in 2005.B. The revenues produces from domestic audiences added up to $25.82 billion in 2009.C. The foreign revenues grew more compared with domestic ticket sales from 2008.D. A film firstly made more than $400 million both at home and abroad in 2009.72.Highlights of the report include the following aspects except______A.the U.S. movie industry’s box-office revenuesB.the numbers of the newly released U.S. MoviesC.the status of film lovers’ go ing to the cinemasD.the U.S. Movie admission to six large studios73.Why does MPAA describe itself as “The Voice and Advocate of the AmericanMotion Picture, Home Video and Television Industries”?A. Because MPAA is an organization with no intention to earn money.B. Because MPAA is made up of all the large studios throughout America.C. Because MPAA devotes itself to working standing for the film industry.D. Because MPAA runs a world-wide web site reflecting the Motion Picture.(C)For age the word has been going around that the dog is the man’s best friend. I agree. A dog can be hardly as a night watchman around the house, as a pointer on a hunting trip, as a guardian and playmate for the children. But I think that having a dog for a pet is so expensive and annoying that I can do without such a friend.Providing for the dog’s needs is so expensive that the animals should be an income tax deduction(扣除). There’s the medical bill for shots to keep the animal healthy. Unless it’s kept in the house 24 hours a day, a female must be given “preventive maintenance” a ten-to twenty-dollar investment. Otherwise, before you know it , you’ll have more “income tax deductions” in your family. And dogs have to eat. Don’t think you can buy a case of Ken-L-Ration and be done with it. A dog can be as particular about food as a French expert. To feed even a Chihuahua, a very small Mexican dog, you’ll spend three to five dollars a week. If you own a big, you need a large dog-house. They’re expens ive. A carpenter will build a luxurious model for about seventy-five dollars. For about thirty dollars’ worth of materials, a weekend’s work, and a smashed thumb, you can build a simple one yourself. And these are only the major costs.A dog is so annoying that no one in his right mind would want to own one. Consider the dog owner blessed with a dog that fetches-slippers, rubber toys, newspapers. Have you eased your bare feet into slippers bitten by dogs, seen a living room destroyed by a toy boxer, tried to read a newspaper chewed to wet pieces by an obedient Boston bull? And dogs make noise. Some huge dogs bark all night. But you aren’t the only one to endure sleepless nights; your neighbors let you know they didn’t sleep either. Policemen are frequent vis itors to dog owners’ homes. They inquire about holes reported dug in neighbors’ flower beds, prize cats injured and bleeding, and pet chickens and ducks sent to their reward. Suspect: your dog! You deny everything, of course. Rex, you assure the officers, was asleep by the door. But you secretly suspect him, because you don’t really know where Pex was all week. And you remember wondering why feathers were floating in his water bowl yesterday. Dogs are annoying. Neither a fire-breathing mother-in-law nor a talkative wife prove more annoying to man than a dog.Dog lovers will, of course, claim my argument one-sides, even exaggerated. They might consider me as cruel as the Russians, who possibly attempting to solve their own canine crisis--shot Fido into orbit. But the fact remains, if our best friends caused us the expense and annoyance our dog does, we’d soon encouraged them to become astronauts.74.Which statement is NOT true about the dog as man’s best friend?A. A dog will help to watch people.B. A dog will guard your house at night.C. A dog will play with your children.D. A dog will serve as a guide for the hunters.75.In paragraph2, “preventive maintenance” meas a measure to_____.A.keep the dog in the house the whole dayB.invest ten to twenty dollars in female pregnantC.prevent a female dog from becoming pregnantD.provide for the food that dogs eat76.Policemen frequently visit dog owners’ homes because______.A.the police station was destroyed by dogsB.neighbor’s domestics pets were killed or injured.’C.they want to ask about neighbor’s flowersD.they can’t stand sleepless nights any more77.From the last two paragraphs, we can learn that______.A.a dog is not as annoying as a fire-breathing mother-in-lawB.it is more difficult for man to cope with a talkative wife than with a dogC.dog lovers prove to be as cruel as the Russians in the argumentD.a dog is a troublemaker that causes its owner the most annoyance.Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.On October 29, 1929, the United States stock market crashed. In the days that followed, banks and businesses closed, the number of the unemployed workers rose to 15million, and many people lost their savings. As the economic crisis wore on, it became known as the Great Depression. It left many people feeling anxious and uncertain about the future.Within days of his inauguration(就职典礼) in 1933, President Franklin Delano Roosevelt(FDR) began taking steps to stabilize the banking system, support the economy, and provide jobs for unemployed workers. To keep the American public informed about the changes that were underway, he gave a series of radio addresses called fireside chats. FDR used these broadcasts to speak about a number of issues. The first of Roosevelt’s fireside chats was delivered on Sunday, March 12,1933. His goal in this message was to explain the bank crisis in the United States.He explained to American why banks had run out of money. Roosevelt assured people that their money was safe and that they could get their money when they really needed it. He said that most of the banks would be open the next day and that others would be open again very soon. His message’s purpose was to restore American’s confidence in their banking system.Roosevelt’s chats to America were popular with the people. Many looked forward to hearing what FDR had to say. The White House did not always tell the public whether a particular radio address was to be regarded as a fireside chat. As a result, there is some question about the exact number of these speeches.Twenty-eight such addresses were definitely identified, and two other radio addresses could have also been chats.Roosevelt delivered his final fireside chat on June 12,1944. The focus was opening a fifth war-loan drive. He complimented the American people for supporting the war effort with the purchase of more than $32 billion of war bonds. He encouraged them to buy more as the war effort continued to cost money every day, money that he confidently predicted would lead to final victory.(Notes:Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)78.______________ led to the Great Depression according to the passage.79. What’s the purpose of Roosevelt’s fireside chats?80. Roosevelt delivered his first fireside chat to assure people of _____________________.81. Why did Roosevelt praise the American people in his final fireside chat?第Ⅱ卷（共47分）Ⅰ.TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.前天，许多物理学家出席了颁奖典礼。
上海市各区2015届高三英语一模试卷分类汇编：选词填空
2014-2015学年高三英语一模汇编---- 选词填空Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once.Officials at Boston College have made what may be a critical decision: they’ve stopped giving out new email accounts to incoming students. The officials realized that the students had already established digital__41_ _ by the time they entered college, so the new email address were just not being used, but, 42 , the college will offer forwarding(转发) services.Starting next year, freshman 43 at Boston College won’t be given an actual email account complete with login and inbox, just an email address. This address, in the format of johnsmith@ will simply forward mail to the students already_ 44 inbox, be it Gmail, Windows Live Mail, Yahoo Mail, AOL, or whatever else they may be using.The college reached a smart decision after first looking into outsourcing（外包）their email to the cloud. While the Boston College decision may have been made for 45 reasons more than anything, we can easily imagine this as being the start of a new trend.Can you even imagine a U.S. college students who didn’t have an email address of their own by the time they were a freshmen? It’s 46 unheard of Today’s students are digital 47 immersed(浸润) in technology form the day they were born. It simply doesn’t make sense to give them yet another account to manage when they enter college.By going this 48 , there are still some challenges to overcome, though. For example, a student who changes their email carrier will probably forget to 49 the institution to the change and could then miss out on 50 messages from the university with regard to their courses, scholarship, safety information, ect.In the end, we think the decision Boston College made could easily be the start of a new trend. We’re sure students like it, too.【答案】41. C 42. F 4 3.J 44.G 45. D 46. H 47.B 48.I 49. E 50. KSection BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once.Last week, Verizon and Google proposed a plan they say could keep the Internet open while supporting 41 in high-speed Internet service. V erizon has the nation's biggest wireless network while Google is the biggest Internet search engine. The proposal was a surprise because the two companies have been on opposite sides of thedebate over net neutrality. That is the idea that all content on the Web should be treated equally. Internet service providers want to be able to charge more for heavy Internet traffic or users who want 42 services. The Federal Communications Commission regulates telephone, cable and satellite communications. But its power to regulate Internet service has been questioned in the courts. The new proposal calls for rules barring service providers from preventing users from sending and receiving 43 information of any kind. Users also could not be prevented from 44 any application, service or device they choose to the Web. And broadband Internet providers would be 45 from discriminating against（歧视）content and would have to be open about their policies. Supporters of net neutrality criticized the proposal for not 46 wireless providers. Wireless broadband is among the fastest growing parts of the Internet. Others oppose the 47 of a "two-tiered"（两极分化的）system on the Internet in which some content gets a fast lane and other content goes slowly. But Daniel Brenner says such a system already exists. Daniel Brenner is a partner at the law firm Hogan Lovells in Washington. He says service providers want to be able to charge more because they build networks out to their customers across the country. Such companies are the so-called "last mile" providers. But, the Internet is really a network of networks which exchange traffic all the time and compete with each other. And not all networks reach the last mile to a customer's door. Paul Kouroupas of Global Crossing says his company wants to make sure 48 between service providers are honored on all networks. That way, a service promised by Global Crossing on its fiber optic network will be 49 all the way to a customer's door —even if another company carries the service that last mile. The Verizon-Google proposal offers 50 for a debate that is not likely to end soon. Daniel Brenner says the FCC needs clearer guidelines from Congress. And that's the VOA Special English Economics Report, written by Mario Ritter. I'm Steve Ember.【答案】41.H 42.F 43.K 44.G 45.D 46.A 47.B 48.I 49.C 50.ESection BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once.Most individuals experience some form of test anxiety when they take an important examination. This anxiety can 41 itself in physical symptoms like nausea or sweaty palms, or in emotional symptoms like panic and irritability. Often, individuals will become nervous long before the exam date because they feel 42 by the amount of material they must master. The first step in 43 this anxiety is realizing that test anxiety is a natural reaction, and that it can be 44 . In order to regain control over anxiety, one should break the exam 45 into smaller sections. It will seem much easier to master a series of small subjects than to handle a huge subject all at once.Test-takers should make a study schedule weeks or months ahead of the exam, and give themselves a small amount to learn each period. When the exam day 46 arrives, anxiety will be reduced by the feeling of preparedness. Apart from that, anxiety can be lessened in a few easy ways. First, avoid having any excessively stimulating foods, such as those 47 caffeine or sugar, on the day of the exam. Getting a good night's sleep and a little bit of exercise will 48 one's brain and allow for easy 49 of the learned material. During theexam, breathe deeply and sit in a comfortable position. On exams where this is possible, many people find comfort in going through and answering all of the easy questions before 50 the more difficult ones.【答案】41.B 42.K 43.D 44.G 45.F 46.J 47.E 48.I 49.A 50.C【答案】41.D 42.F 43.C 44.E 45.I 46.H 47.K 48.A 49.B 50.JSection BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can be only be used once.Primarily a farming community, the Amish was attracted to the fertile farmlands in the eastern United States. The largest concentration of Amish today is in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, and 41 important groups are in Ohio, Indiana, and Ontario, Canada.The Amish are best known for their simple way of life. They are easily recognized by their 42 Clothing. The men wear wide-brimmed black hats, collarless black coats, and black trousers. These homemade clothes are fastened with 44 and eyes instead of with buttons or zippers. Those who are strict 44 of Amish customs do not wear neckties or belts. In fact, anything which is considered to be a part of modern, worldly life is 45 .the men have beards but ni mustaches. Their long hair is parted in the middle and drawn back over their ears.The women’s clothing is black, 46 they wear white prayer caps. They wear hats and long, high-necked dresses, long black coats, and black shoes and stockings. They wear their hair parted in the middle and tied behind in a bun. An Amish woman wears no jewelry of any kind.The Amish have 47 separated themselves from the modern technological world. They prefer to live according to the 48 of their 17th century European ancestors. Often called the Plain People, the Amish live in simple homes without mirrors, pictures, curtains and carpets. Somehow they manage to get along without radios, telephones, and electric lights. They do not own cars, 49 to travel by horse. The Amish are excellent farmers, yet they refused to buy tractors or other modern farm machinery. They work the land with horse-drawn plows.Because the Amish are largely self-sufficient and fairly 50 from other communities, they have resisted social change.【答案】41.K 42.I 43.J 44.B 45.E 46.D 47.F 48.A 49.G 40.CSection BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box．Each word can only beWith its wonderful Georgian and Victorian architecture, and winding medieval str eets, it’s easy to see why Edinburgh has been listed as a World Heritage Site.The 41 of Edinburgh is fascinating. Edinburgh Castle dominates the urban skyline, lying on the cliff of an ancient volcano right in the center of the city. Yet Edinburgh is no 42 in the past. And neither is it all about bagpipes, shortbread, whisky and tartan.In fact, the city is one of the most vibrant, international cities in Europe and is 43 voted as one of the most desirable places to live in the world. The capital is 44 with arts, culture, sports and attractions and is famous for playing host to the world’s largest arts festival. After dark Edinburgh has a lively nightlife with 45 bars and pubs, restaurants, clubs and live entertainment to rival any European city.In Edinburgh, there’s plenty of open space too, with a large number of public parks and greenspaces 46 in the busy city center. For active types, there’s a(n)47 and varied choice of activities and sports in Edinburgh and the surrounding area. Or if you just want to 48 your wallet, the capital is a great place to shop. This is a city that knows how to be both 49 and modern.The capital of Scotland is a great place to live and study in, with a wide range of theatres, galleries, clubs and shops to 50 , not to mention the plenty of arty bars and cafes.【答案】41.G 42.H 43.C 44.D 45.J 46. I 47.B 48.E 49.F 50.ADirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only beA long red bridge stretches out across water. It runs across the Golden Gate. This is not the _ 41__to some sacred land, but it is just as _42__. The Golden Gate is where San Francisco Bay _43 __the Pacific Ocean, and at night the scene of the bridge _ 44__up over the water takes your breath away.Welcome to San Francisco, a place famous for its beautiful parks, hilly streets and lovely beaches. But the bridge is undoubtedly the most well-known symbol of the city. Before the foggy weather, powerful winds, and _45_ _ocean currents in the city. However, despite the difficult conditions, the bridge was built in no more than four years. Its total length is nearly 2 kilometers.San Francisco 46___first on Lonely Planet’s list of the best cities to visit in 2013. According to the world’s largest travel publisher, it came top as a result of its_47__mix.According to the US 2010 census（人口普查），21 percent of the city's population was made up of Chinese people. San Fran cisco’s Chinatown is the largest outside of Asia and the oldest in North America. Two traditional festivals, the Spring Festival and Mid-Autumn Festival, are the biggest events of the year on the city’s _ 48__.If yellow cabs are a key part of New York c ity life, then the cable car is San Francisco’s equivalent. The first cable car came into public service in 1873, and the slow and noisy vehicle has been a symbol of the city ever since. The cable car network was once_ 49__by a serious earthquake but, luckily, it has now recovered and provides better _50_ _than the subway.【答案】41.G 42.A 43.C 44.K 45.E 46.J 47.B 48.I 49.F 50.HSection BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once.A row of cars appears to be stranded on a remote road, while a confused man on the left of the photo looks to be checking a roadside map while he calls for help.The street view cars, each 41 with nine 2.5 meter-highmulti-directional cameras, silently travel around the streets, taking picturesof city centers, side streets and even residential areas.They have 42 captured sunbathing girls, children fighting andeven a man dressed as Paddington Bear waving at the camera, raising43 about invasion of privacy.But these potentially 44 shots, taken near Amsterdam, are thefirst time that the lens(镜头) has been turned on the Google company and its black cars.Google street View, 45 in 2007, allows “armchair explorers” to travel the world with a click of a mouse button. It 46 locations on all seven continents, and its makers claim that 95 percent of the UK has been mapped out on the company’s servers.Some users of the service, who 47 the company’s Google Maps of being 48 , said that the picture showed that you couldn’t always rely on technology. One said: “This is why I still have a map in my car. I often use Google Streetview, but I never rely on it 49 or use it to plan routes.” Another added: “It told me to drive straight through a petrol station on one occasion.”A Google spokesperson denied the 50 . She said: “It doesn’t look to me like they’re lost. The drivers undergo training so they know how to use the equipment and it looks like this might more likely be what they’re doing.”【答案】41. C 42. F 43. K 44. A 45. D 46. H 47. E 48. J 49. I 50.BTen【普陀区】Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.A. adequatelyB. advancesC. neighbourD. colonizeE. concernF. createG. intensivelyH. settlersI. smartJ. journeyK. survive“O nce we spread out into space and establish independent colonies, our future should be safe,”Stephen Hawking says. Stephen Hawking, one of the world’s most important scientists, believes that to ___41__ humans must move into space.Today, the United State s, India, China, and Japan are all planning to send astronauts back to Earth’s closest __42__: the moon. Each country wants to create space stations there between 2020 and 2030. These stations will __43__ prepare humans to visit and later live on Mars or other Earth-like planets.Robert Zubrin, a rocket scientist, thinks humans should __44__space. He wants to start with Mars. Why? There are several advantages: for one, sending people to the moon and Mars will allow us to learn a lot—for example, whether living on other planets is possible. Then, we can eventually __45__ new human societies on other planets. In addition, the __46__ we make for space travel in the fields of science, technology, medicine, andhealth can also benefit us here on Earth.But not everyone thinks sending humans into space is a(n) __47__idea. Many say it’s too expensive to send people, even on a short__48__. And most space trips are not short. A one-way trip to Mars, for example, would take about six months. People travelling this kind of distance face a number of health problems. Also, for many early space __49__, life would be extremely difficult. On the moon’s surface, for example, the air and the sun’s rays are very dangerous. People would have to stay indoors most of the time.Despite these __50__ sending people into space seems certain. In the future, we might see lunar(月球上的) cities and maybe even new human cultures on other planets.【答案】41.K 42.C 43.A 44.D 45.F 46.B 47.I 48.J 49.H 50.EDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can be used only once.Music has been playing a major role in the lives of teenagers for decades and today’s teens are no ____41_____. Teens listen to over 2.5 hours of music per day. Earbuds, Mp3players, and smartphones make it easy for teens to listen to music while they go about much of their daily lives.The digital world also means that parents must face new challenges when it comes to a teen’s music. In the past---when music was ___42_____ through audio tape or CD, it was much easier for parents to be aware of a teen’s musical ___43_____. But mow that teens have free access to millions of songs and music videos through the internet, parents are less likely to be ____44____ of what their teens are listening to.Today, it’s hard to believe that today’s over-50-years people used to be ___45_____ against Elvis Presley’s dance moves. Fast-forward to the present day and the society has certainly become more ____46____ of many strange forms of art.As for parents, music is a powerful tool and certainly music with pro-social or warm lyrics(歌词) can be a(n)___47_____ influence in teens. It’s important to take an active approach when ____48_____ your teen’s musical interests. Get your teen to talk to you. Ask questions without passing ___49_____. Always be curious and inquire about what your teen looks for in music and talk about what ____50____ can be found in certain songs.【答案】41.J 42. A 43.E 44.G 45.F 46.K 47.B 48.D 49.C 50.HSection BDirections:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box．Each word can only be usedThis past National Day holiday saw upwards of half a billion Chinese citizens travelling. While some flew off to international destinations, the ___41___ majority enjoyed the many tourist sites that China has to offer. Ifyou were one of those people who decided to explore China’s scenic spots, you probably realized that it isn’t just the mountain steps that are steep-the entrance fees are, too!The average cost of the highest ___42___ 5A attractions is 109 yuan. This could prove to be a little too steep for some families, who find themselves spending too large a portion of their holiday budget on admission tickets. The 32 5A locations that upped their prices in the past five years experienced an average ___43___ of over 40 percent. The bad news is that these prices are expected to continue to rise. So how does China’s situation compare to other parts of the world? The average fees for cultural and historical sites seem to be on par with(与…同价) international ____44__ It’s quite another story, however, when you compare natural wonders. For example, the cost of a ticket to Zhangjiajie National Forest Park(张家界国家森林公园) hovers around 245 yuan for a three-day tour. This seems ___45 _ high when you consider that a week long pass to America’s Yellowstone National Park (黄石国家公园)is a mere 74 yuan. here are ___46__ benefits to increased revenue(收益) from ticket sales, which support necessary ___47 _ , maintenance and operation costs. This is especially important for sites that must keep visitor numbers down in order to protect the natural environment. However, it must also be ___48 _ that many of China’s tourist attractions are operated by private companies who are ultimately protecting their bottomline(盈亏底线).While the government has put some ___49___ in place, such as only allowing entrance fees to be raised once every three years, they have not ___50___ the upper limit of ticket prices and increases. Further measures to settle the dispute are being considered. In the meantime, some families are forced to re-think if some attractions are really worth the costs.【答案】41.H 42.J 43.B 44.A 45.F 46.G 47.I 48.D 49.E 50.CSection BDirections:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box．Each word can only be used once．Note that there is one word more than you need．and writing—cramming(填鸭式) to complete assignments before 41 back to school. Summer homework has 42 become a popular tool used by teachers to bridge the 43 between the end of one school year and the start of another. But some parents worry that the 44 is making summer fun slip away. “I don’t know what good this really does,” said Sheryl, a parent of twin 13-year old girls. “Life isn’t always about a test. I think it’s important for children to be children, to be 45 .” Sheryl said her daughters spent weeks in summer camps and away on vacation before they had a chance to start their summer assignments. “Basically I have the summer reading hanging over my head when I’d to do other 46 ,” said her daughter. She said she enjoyed reading “The Color of Water” by James McBride, but the assignments that go with it—choosing five passages to 47 and analyze—seem redundant（多余的）. Some education experts 48 the “lazy, hazy, crazy” days of summer are over as schools feel increased 49 on accountability for student achievement under the federal No Child Left Behind Act. “It’s really going to focus attention on this period of time when kids aren’t 50 .”said Ron Fairchild,executive director of the Center for Summer Learning at Johns Hopkins University. But parents from Prince George’s County to Salt Lake City are lately fighting back, questioning the usefulness and of teachers on summer reading and math problems.【答案】41.K 42.I 43.E 44.A 45.G 46.J 47.D 48.C 49.H 50.FSection BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.How can English teachers accelerate the language learning of their students? One way is to teach students how to learn more effectively an d efficiently. Learning strategies are “Procedures or 41 that learners can use to facilitate a learning task.” And 42 students of English in learning strategies can help them become better learners. In addition, skill in using learning strategies assists students in becoming 43 , confident learners. Finally, students become more 44 as they begin to understand the relationship between their use of strategies and success in learning English.Students need to develop an awareness of the learning process and strategies that lead to success. Students who 45 on their own thinking are more likely to engage in planning how to proceed with a learning task, monitoring their own performance on an ongoing basis, finding solutions to problems 46 , and evaluating themselves upon task completion. These activities may be difficult for students 47 to having a teacher who solves all their learning problems and is the 48 judge of their progress.Teachers need to encourage students to rely more on themselves. Because learning strategies are mental 49 with few observable manifestations, teachers need to find ways to make the strategies as concrete as possible. When students are able to use the strategies their teachers have taught them, and to do so without prompting, then they need to 50 new strategies, new applications, and new opportunities for self-regulated learning.【答案】41. I 42.B 43.E 44.F 45.C 46.D 47.G 48.K 49.J 50.ASection BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Friendly doctors are“bad for their patients’health”，researchers have warned as a new study revealed two thirds of young doctors struggle to be truthful with patients they like．Blurring(使…模糊)the lines between social and professional relationships can 41 the level of care offered and prevent patients from being honest about important side effects．“Doctors should avoid 42 patients as friends on Facebook，they should not hug or allow patients to call them by their first names”．regulators have warned．“Those who break the boundaries will face some punishment．”It comes as a survey of 338 oncologists(肿瘤科医生)under the age of 40，43 in the Lancet Oncology, found 59 per cent said they found it difficult to tell the truth to those patients they liked．Sixty per cent of respondents said if doctors felt too close to their patients，it could prevent them from making 44 decisions about a person’s care．Lesley Fallowfield, of Brighton and Sussex Medical Schoo1．said：“Oncology is a profession that can be enormously 45 but is filled with many challenges．Young oncologists have to master dealing with anxious patients who are facing a life-threatening disease；46 the true prognosis(预后)；discussing the 47 of modern treatments；and explaining the 48 of some drugs，the side-effects of treatment，and likely treatment aims．”But she said，“Those doctors who have entered the profession in the age of the ‘Internet world’ are more likely to fall 49 to blurring the professional boundaries with patients．She said：“The difficulty，if you hug and kiss patients，if you allow them to call you by your first name，is that quickly the relationship can become 50 as a social one rather than a professional one．”【答案】41.F 42.K 43.I 44.B 45.D 46.A 47.C 48.J 49.E 50.GSection BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.It's the customary bedtime practice every parent would feel fearful----being asked to read the same book for many times. But while the 41 repetition might be boring for mum or dad, it is the best way for toddlers to learn new words, according to research.The findings suggest parents are wasting money by spending a fortune on huge book collections in the hope they will inspire their little ones. Instead, a small selection of favourites such as The Very Hungry Caterpillar or The Gruffalo will 42 far more.Dr Jessica Horst, of the University of Sussex’s WORD Lab devised an experiment to check how quickly three-year-olds could recognize and 43 six new words. The children were visited three times in a week. One group heard the same story three times back-to-back each time and another was read three 44 stories. All had the same amount of new words which appeared the same 45 of times.When researchers returned a week later, they found the children who heard the same story over and over had 46 learned 3.6 of the new words. While those 47 to a variety of stories remembered only 2.6.They also noted the ‘repetition’ group learned at a faster rate than those in the‘48 ’ group.微信公众号：上海试卷Dr Horst said: ‘We are showing that less is more, to a point. And,49 , the more times you read to a child and the more books you have will help them. But you don’t need to go crazy and buy every single Thomas the Tank Engine boo k. Reading the same books over and over again helps.’Speaking of the 50 studies, we have found one in three don’t read to their children before putting them to bed. Yet 30 minutes of one-on-one literacy sessions can improve reading age by nearly two years in less than five months.【答案】41.C 42.E 43.B 44.F 45.A 46.K 47.G 48.J 49.H 50.ISection BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Google Inc. is searching for a better way for millions of diabetics (糖尿病患者) to manage their disease by developing a contact lens that 41 glucose (葡萄糖) levels in tears.The “smart” contact lens uses a tiny wireless chip and small glucose sensor that is42 into two layers of soft contact lens material.Google is in 43 with the Food and Drug Administration, the company said. But the contact lenses could be years from 44 the public. The prototype (原型) can bring about a reading once per second, which could be very 45 for diabetics who must pay close attention to their blood sugar and adjust their dose of insulin (胰岛素). Google is also 46 whether the lenses could be an “early warning” for diabetics by equipping them with tiny LED lights that light up when insulin levels get too high or low.“You’ve47 heard that diabetes is a huge and growing problem — affecting one out of every nineteen people on the planet. But you may not be 48 with the daily struggle that many people with diabetes face as they try to keep their blood sugar levels under control. Uncontrolled blood sugar puts people at risk for a range of dangerous, 49 some short-term and others longer-term, including damage to the eyes, kidneys and heart,” Google said in a blog post. “It’s still early days for this technology, but we’ve completed multiple clinical research 50 , which are helping to improve our prototype. We hope this could someday lead to a new way for people with diabetes to manage their disease.”【答案】41.F 42.D 43.J 44.B 45.H 46.I 47.G 48.C 49.E 50.A第11 页/ 共11 页。
上海市各区2015届高三英语一模试卷分类汇编：写作专题
上海市各区2015届高三英语一模试卷分类汇编：写作专题Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.目前，在网上购物的人越来越多，有人说在网上购物比在实体店购物优势多，有人说还是在实体店购物好。
请写一篇文章阐明你的观点。
你的文章必须包括：●简要介绍两种购物方式的不同之处●你喜欢那种购物方式？为什么？参考：Shopping online vs. shopping in physical storesAs scientific technologies developed faster and faster, our common lives have changed more and more, one of which is our shopping way.We have been shopping in physical stores, where a salesman may introduce many products to you and give you some advice about which one is the best choice, and you can try those clothes or shoes in person, even change another one if you find it not suitable to yourself.However, a new shopping method sprang up --- shopping online. There appear quantities of various stores on the Internet. You just need to click your mouse, and then you can see different kinds of commodities in them, with colorful pictures and detailed descriptions. If you are not clear about something, you can ask the customer service staff for help, who usually very kind and glad to answer your any question. Moreover, you can compare the same kind of products in different stores at the same time, which is able to save your time and avoid embarrassment.But every coin has two sides. Shopping online is not exceptional, so there are some disadvantages. First, you can never be sure whether the product is exactly what you see in the picture or read in the descriptions. What you receive may be much different from what is in your mind, for instance, strange color, wrong size or bad quality. Secondly, the products may be lost in the express delivery.From my perspective, I prefer shopping online, because I am too busy to have time go shopping in physical stores and goods online are usually cheaper. But I always choose the shops which have good reputation.【答案解析】文中包含题干的两个问题即可。
最新上海市11校联考2015学年第一学期高三英语试卷参考答案
2015学年度第一学期11校联考高三英语试卷参考答案1-10: 10分(每题1分)1. C2. B3. D4. A5. B6. D7. D8. C9.C 10. A11-16:12分(每题2分)11. A 12. B 13. C 14. B 15. D 16. B17-24: 8分(每题1分)17. Electricity 18. singles 19. October 20. transfer21. Education 22. most successful creature23. (incredibly) adaptable 24. their body chemistry25-40: 16分(每题1分)25. the 26. was saved 27. being driven 28. to find 29. Even if 30. that31. both 32. was 33. in 34. carrying 35. Made 36. cost 37. could 38. later39. as if 40. which41-50: 10分(每题1分)41~45 KHIJG 46~50 CADBE51-65: 15分(每题1分)51~55 DDCBA 56~60 BACAD 61~65 BACBD66-77: 24分(每题2分)66~69 CBAA 70~72 DBC 73~77 ABDCA回答问题:8分(每题2分)78. avatar / virtual figure / virtual psychologist / virtual human79. people are more open and honest with an AIVH80. find out what was wrong with them81. Soldiers avoid seeing psychologists.翻译: 22分(4*4*4*5*5)1. The Summer Palace is recognized as one of the most beautiful parks in Beijing.1 1 1 12. The first week of the semester is meant to get students familiar with their school life.1 1 1 13. The person who Tom saw in the living room yesterday morning proved to be his aunt.1 1 1 14. The group members need to complete different tasks, and the three of them are devoted to collecting1 1 1 1 1materials.5. The doctor suggests that I not take any pain-killer, even if it may ease me from the pain.1 1.5 1 1.5写作:25分。
2015届上海黄浦区高考英语阅读专题测试(2)附答案.doc
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阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。
A young man was getting ready to graduate from college, for many months he had ___1__a beautiful sports car in a dealer’s showroom, and _2__his father could well __3__it, he told him that was all he wanted.On the morning of his graduation day his father called him into his own study and told him how __4_ he was to have such a fine son. He handed his son a beautiful gift box. __5_but slightly disappointed , the young man _6__ the box and found a lovely book, __7_ , he raised his voice at his father and said. ”_8__ all your money you give me a book?” And rushed out of the house __9_ the book in the study.He did not contact（联系）his father for a whole year __10__ one day he saw in the street an old man who looked like his father. He __11_ he had to go back home and see his father.When he arrived at his father’s house, he was told that his father had been in hospital for a week. The moment he was about to__12_ the hospital, he saw on the desk the __13__new book ,just as he had left it one _14__ ago, he opened it and began to __15_ the pages. Suddenly, a car key__16__ from an envelope taped behind the book , it had a tag（标签）with dealer’s name, the _17__dealer who had sports car he had __18_ on the tag was the __19__ of his graduation ,and the _20__ PAID IN FULL( ) 1. A. expected B. enjoyed C. admired D. owned( ) 2 A. finding B. proving C. deciding D. knowing( ) 3. A. afford B. offer C. keep D. like( ) 4. A. encouraged B. comfortable C. proud D. moved( ) 5. A. Nervous B. Serious C. Careful D. Curious( ) 6. A. packed B. opened C. picked up D. put aside( ) 7. A. Angrily B. Eagerly C. Calmly D. Anxiously( ) 8. A. At B. From C. With D. To( ) 9. A. toasting B. putting C. forgetting D. leaving( ) 10. A. until B. as C. before D. unless( ) 11. A. learned B. realized C. recognized D. admitted( ) 12. A. get to B. search for C. turn to D. leave for( ) 13. A. much B. still C. hardly D. quite( ) 14. A. year B. month C. week D. day( ) 15. A. clean B. read C. turn D. count( ) 16. A. lost B. came C. appeared D. dropped( ) 17. A. old B. same C. special D. new( ) 18. A. remembered B. desired C. found D. met( ) 19. A. picture B. place C. date D. met( ) 20. A. word B. information C. date D. card36. C他羡慕销售展厅的运动赛车。
2015届上海黄浦区高考英语阅读专题测试(1)附答案.doc
完形填空。
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。
It has been argued by some that gifted children should be grouped in special classes. The 1 has been on the belief that in regular classes these children are held back in their intellectual (智力的) growth by 2 situation that has designed for the 3 children.There can be little doubt that 4 classes can help the gifted children to graduate earlier and take their place in life sooner. However, to take these 5 out of the regular classes may create serious problems.I observed a number of 6 children who were taken out of a special class and placed in a 7 class. In the special class, they showed little ability to use their own judgment, relying 8 on their teachers’ directions. In the regular class, having no worry about keeping up, they began to reflect 9 on many problems, some of which were not on the school program.Many are concerned that gifted children become 10 and lose interest in learning. However this 11 is more often from parents and teachers than from students, and some of these 12 simply conclude that special classes should be set up for those who are 13 . Some top students do feel bored in class, but why they 14 so goes far beyond the work they have in school. Studies have shown that to be bored is to be anxious. The gifted child who is bored is an 15 child. ( ) 1. A. principle B. theory C. arguments D. classification( ) 2. A. designing B. grouping C. learning D. living( ) 3. A. smart B. curious C. mature D. average( ) 4. A. regular B. special C. small D. creative( ) 5. A. children B. programs C. graduates D. designs( ) 6. A. intelligent B. competent C. ordinary D. independent( ) 7. A. separate B. regular C. new D. boring( ) 8. A. specially B. slightly C. wrongly D. heavily( ) 9. A, directly B. cleverly C. voluntarily D. quickly( ) 10. A. doubted B. bored C. worried D. tired( ) 11. A. concern B. conclusion C. reflection D. interest( ) 12. A. students B. adults C. scholars D. teachers( ) 13. A. talented B. worried C. learned D. interested( ) 14. A. believe B. think C. say D. feel( ) 15. A. outstanding B. intelligent C. anxious D. ordinary1.答案：C解析：考查名词，运用原词重现方法。
(完整word版)2015年上海高考英语试卷及答案(word完整精校版)
2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试上海英语试卷（已反复核对，希望最大限度保证准确）考生注意：1. 考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。
2. 本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。
试卷分为第I卷（第1-12页）和第II卷（第13页），全卷共13页。
所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
3. 答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上，在答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名。
第I卷(共103分)I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Impatient. B. Confused. C. Pleased. D. Regretful.2. A. At a bus stop. B. At a laundry. C. At the dentist’s. D. At the chemist’s.3. A. An actor. B. A salesman. C. A translator. D. A writer.4. A. He lost his classmate’s homework. B. He can’t help the woman with her math.C. He broke the woman’s calculator.D. He doesn’t know where the “on” button is.5. A. The woman should go to another counter.B. The woman gives the man so many choices.C. The man dislikes the sandwiches offered there.D. The man is having trouble deciding what to eat.6. A. She has no idea w here to find the man’s exam result.B. She isn’t allowed to tell students their grades.C. Dr. White hasn’t finished grading the papers.D. Dr. White doesn’t want to be contacted while he’s away.7. A. Move to a neat dormitory. B. Find a person to share their apartment.C. Clean the room with the roommate.D. Write an article about their roommate.8. A. Bob won’t take her advice.B. Bob doesn’t want to go abroad.C. She doesn’t think Bob should study overseas.D. She hasn’t talked to Bob since he went abroad.9. A. The snack bar isn’t usually so empty. B. Dessert is served in the snack bar.C. The snack bar is near the library.D. Snacks aren’t allowed in the library.10. A. Take her bicycle to the repair shop. B. Leave her bicycle outside.C. Clean the garage after the rain stops.D. Check if the garage is dry.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. I t helps care for customers’ dogs. B. You have to buy food for dogs.C. None of the dogs are caged.D. There is a dog named Princess.12. A. She likes the food there. B. She enjoys the fun with a pet.C. She can have free coffee.D. She doesn’t like to be alone.13. A. A new kind of café. B. A new brand of coffee.C. A new home for pets.D. A new way to raise pets.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. A trend that high achievers are given a lower salary.B. A view that life quality is more important than pay.C. A dream of the young for fast-paced jobs.D. A new term created by high achievers.15. A. 10% B. 12% C. 6% D. 7%16. A. People are less satisfied with their lives. B. The financial investment may increase.C. Well-paid jobs are not easy to find.D. Unexpected problems may arise.Section CDirections:In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.II. Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A）Gift from a strangerMy local supermarket is always busy. The first parking space I found was convenient, but I’d noticed a woman in a blue car circling for a while. (25) _____ I was in a good mood, I let her have it. On the edge of the car park I backed into the next available spot—it was a tight fit.Pretty soon I’d made my way through the supermarket and was back in the fresh air. Feeling good, I (26) _____ (empty) my purse change into the hands of a homeless man and helped a struggling woman reverse park.Just as I approached my car, I saw the woman I’d let have my car spot earlier. She was giving me (27) _____ odd look—half puzzled, half intent (热切的). I smiled and wished her a pleasant day. As I squeezed back into my car, I saw the same lady (28) _____ (look) in at me. “Hello,” she said, hesitantly. “This (29) _____ sound crazy but I was on my way to drop some of my mother’s things off at the charity bins. You are just so much (30) _____ her. You helped those people, I noticed, and you seemed so happy.” She looked at me meaningfully and passed a box in through the window. “I think she would like you to have it.” (31) _____ (shock), I took it from her automatically. She smiled and walked away.After a pause, I opened the box. Inside was a beautiful gold necklace with a large grey pearl. It was (32) _____ (nice) gift I’d ever received, and it was from a complete stranger. The necklace was around my neck, a warm reminder of human kindness.(B)Ask Helpful HannahDear Helpful Hannah,I’ve got a problem with my husband, Sam. He bought a smartphone a couple of months ago, and he took it on our recent ski vacation to Colorado. It was a great trip except for one problem. He has a constant urge (33) _____ (check) for text messages; he checks his phone every five minutes! He’s so addicted to it that he just can’t stand the idea (34) _____ there may be an important text. He can’t help checking even at inappropriate times like when we are eating in a restaurant and I am talking to him! He behaves (35) _____ _____ any small amount of boredom can make him feel the need to check his phone even when he knows he shouldn’t. The temptation to see (36) _____ is contacting him is just too great. When I ask him to please put down the phone and stop (37) _____ (ignore) me, he says, “In a minute,” but still checks to see if (38) _____ has posted something new on the Internet. Our life (39) _____ (interrupt). If we go somewhere and I ask him to leave the phone at home, he suffers from withdrawal symptoms. Maybe this dependency on his smartphone has become more than an everyday problem.I recently read an article about “nomophobia,” (40) _____ is a real illness people can suffer from: the fear of being without your phone! I am worried that Sam may be suffering from this illness because he feels anxious if he doesn’t have his phone with him, even for a short time.Who would have thought that little devices like these could have brought so much trouble!Sick and Tired Sadie Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Considering how much time people spend in offices, it is important that work spaces be well designed. Well-designed office spaces help create a corporation’s image. They motivate workers, and they make an impression on people who visit and might be potential, or 41 , customers. They make businesses work better, and they are a part of the corporate culture we live in.As we move away from an industrial-based economy to a knowledge-based one, office designers have come up with 42 to the traditional work environments of the past. The design industry has moved away from a fixed office setup and created more flexible “strategic management environment.” These 43 solutions are meant to support better organizational performance.As employee hierarchies（等级制度）have flattened, or decreased, office designers’ response to this change has been to move open-plan areas to more desirable locations within the office and create fewer formal private offices. The need for increased flexibility has also been 44 by changes in workstation design. Offices and work spaces often are not 45 to a given person on a permanent basis. Because of changes to methods of working, new designs allow for expansion or movement of desks, storage, and equipment within the workstation. Another important design goal is communication, which designers have improved by lowering the walls that 46 workstations. Designers have also created informal gathering places, and upgraded employees’47 to heavily trafficked areas such as copy and coffee rooms.Corporate and institutional office designers often struggle to resolve a number of competing and often 48 demands, including budgetary limits, employee hierarchies, and technological innovation（especially in relation to computerization）. These demands must also be balanced with the need to create interiors（内饰）that in some way enhance, establish, or promote a company’s image and will enable employees to 49 at their best.All these 50 of office design are related. The most successful office designs are like a good marriage --- the well-designed office and the employees that occupy it are seemingly made for each other.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.If you studied pictures that ancient people left on rock walls and you tried to determine their meaning, you would not detect a deep interest in romance among the artists. 51 , you would see plenty of animals with people running after them. Life for ancient people seemed to center on hunting and gathering wild foods for meals.In modern times, when food is available in grocery stores, finding love is more 52 to people’s lives. The53 is all around us. It is easy to prepare a list of modern stories having to do with love. An endless number of books and movies qualify as love stories in popular culture.Researchers are studying whether love, a highly valued emotional state, can be 54 . They ask, what is love? Toothpaste companies want us to think attraction is all about clean teeth, but clean teeth go only so far. Scientists wonder how much the brain gets involved. You have probably heard that opposites attract but that 55 attract, too. One thing is certain: The truth about love is not yet set in stone.First ImpressionTo help determine the 56 of attraction, researchers paired 164 college classmates and had them tal k for 3, 6 or 10 minutes so they could get a sense of each other’s individuality. Then students were asked to 57 what kind of relationship they were likely to build with their partners. After nine weeks, they reported what happened.As it turned out, their 58 judgments often held true. Students seemed to 59 at an early stage who would best fit into their lives.The 60 KnowsScientists have also turned to nonhumans to increase understanding of attraction. Many animals give off pheromones — natural chemicals that can be detected by, and then can produce a response in, other animals of the same species. Pheromones can signal that an animal is either ready to fight or is feeling 61 to partnerships. In contrast, humans do not seem to be as 62 as other animals at detecting such chemicals. Smell, however, does seem to play a part in human attraction. Although we may not be aware of chemicals like pheromones consciously, we give and receive loads of information through smell in every interaction with other people.Face ValueBeing fond of someone seems to have a number of factors, including seeing something we find attractive. Researchers had people judge faces for 63 . The participants had 0.013 seconds to view each face, yet somehow they generally considered the images the same as people who had more time to study the same faces. The way we 64 attractiveness seems to be somewhat automatic.When shown an attractive face and then words with good or bad associations, people responded to 65 words faster after viewing an attractive face. Seeing something attractive seems to cause happy thinking.51. A. Instead B. Therefore C. Moreover D. Otherwise52. A. romantic B. stressful C. central D. beneficial53. A. priority B. proof C. possibility D. principle54. A. tested B. imposed C. changed D. created55. A. appearances B. virtues C. similarities D. passions56. A. illustrations B. implications C. ingredients D. intentions57. A. predict B. investigate C. diagnose D. recall58. A. critical B. initial C. random D. mature59. A. memorize B. distinguish C. negotiate D. question60. A. Nose B. Eye C. Heart D. Hand61. A. open B. alert C. resistant D. superior62. A. disappointed B. amazed C. confused D. gifted63. A. emotions B. attractiveness C. individuality D. signals64. A. enhance B. possess C. maintain D. asses65. A. familiar B. plain C. positive D. irritatingSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Look to many of history’s cultural symbols, and there you’ll find an ancestor of Frosty, the snowman in the movie Frozen. It appeared on some of the first postcards, starred in some of the earliest silent movies, and was the subject of a couple of the earliest photos, dating all the way back to the 1800s. I discovered even more about one of humanity’s earliest forms of folk art during several years of research around the world.For example, snowmen were a phenomenon in the Middle Ages, built with great skill and thought. At a time of limited means of expression, snow was like free art supplies dropped from the sky. It was a popular activity for couples to leisurely walk through town to view the temporary works of chilly art. Some were created by famous artists, including a 19-year-old Michelangelo, who in 1494 was appointed by the ruler of Florence, Italy, to build a snowman in his mansion’s courtyard.The Miracle of 1511 took place during six freezing weeks called the Winter of Death. The city of Brussels was covered in snowmen—an impressive scene that told stories on every street corner. Some were political in nature, criticizing the church and government. Some were a reflection of people’s imagination. For the peo ple of Brussels, this was a defining moment of artistic freedom. At least until spring arrived, by which time they were dealing with damaging floods.If you fear the heyday of the snowman has passed, don’t worry: I’ve learned that some explosive snowman history is still being made today. Every year since 1818, the people of Zurich, Switzerland, celebrate the beginning of spring by blowing up a snowman. On the third Monday of April, the holiday Sechseläuten is kicked off when a cotton snowman called the Böögg is stuffed with explosive and paraded through town by bakers and other tradesmen who throw bread to the crowds. The parade ends with the Böögg being placed on a 40-foot pile of firewood. After the bells of the Church of St. Peter have rung six times, representing the passing of winter, the pile is lit. When the snowman explodes, winter is considered officially over—the quicker it is burnt down, the longer summer is said to be.66. According to the passage, why did snowmen become a phenomenon in the Middle Ages?A. People thought of snow as holy art supplies.B. People longed to see masterpieces of snow.C. Building snowmen was a way for people to express themselves.D. Building snowmen helped people develop their skill and thought.67. “The heyday of the snowman” (paragraph 4) means the time when___________.A. snowmen were made mainly by artistsB. snowmen enjoyed great popularityC. snowmen were politically criticizedD. snowmen caused damaging floods68. In Zurich, the blowing up of the Boogg symbolizes__________________.A. the start of the paradeB. the coming of a longer summerC. the passing of the winterD. the success of tradesmen69. What can be concluded about snowmen from the passage?A. They were appreciated in historyB. They have lost their valueC. They were related to moviesD. They vary in shape and size(B)Scary BunnyThe Curse of the Were-Rabbit(2005) is the first full-length feature film made by directors Nick Park and Steve Box with their amazing plasticine (粘土) characters Wallace and Gromit. Itwon an Oscar in 2006, and if you watch it, you’ll understand why. It’s an absolutely brilliant cartoon comedy.Cheese-loving inventor Wallace and his brainy dog Gromit have started a company to protect the town’s vegetables from hungry rabbits. However, just before the annual Giant Vegetable Competition, an enormous rabbit begins terrorising the town. It is attacking all the vegetables and destroying everything in its path. The competition organizer, Lady Tottington, hires Wallace and Gromit to catch the monster alive. But they will have to find the were-rabbit before gun-crazy hunter Victor Quartermaine who is desperate to kill it.The screenplay is witty and full of amusing visual jokes. As usual, the voice of Peter Sallis is absolutely perfect for the role of Wallace, and Gromit is so beautifully brought to life, he can express a huge range of emotions without saying a word. And both Helena Bonham-Carter, who plays the part of Lady Tottington, and Ralph Fiennes as Victor are really funny.To sum up, The Curse of the Were-Rabbit is an amazing film which is suitable for both children and adults. If you liked Wallace and Gromit’s previous adventures and you appreciate the British sense of humour, you’ll love this film. Don’t miss it!70. In the film review, what is paragraph A mainly about?A. The introduction to the leading rolesB. The writer’s opinion of actingC. The writer’s comments on the storyD. The background information71. According to the film review, “the monster” (paragraph B) refers to ______.A. a gun-crazy hunterB. a brainy dogC. a scary rabbitD. a giant vegetable72. Which of the following is a reason why the writer recommends the film?A. It’s full of wit and humour.B. Its characters show feelings without words.C. It is an adventure film directed by Peter Sallis.D. It is about the harmony between man and animals.(C)One of the executives gathered at the Aspen Institute for a day-long leadership workshop using the works of Shakespeare was discussing the role of Brutus in the death of Julius Caesar. “Brutus was not an honorable man,” he said.“He was a traitor（叛徒）. And he murdered someone in cold blood.” The agreement was that Brutus had acted with cruelty when other options were available to him. He made a bad decision, they said—at least as it was presented by Shakespeare—to take the lead in murdering Julius Caesar. And though one of the executives acknowledged that Brutus had the good of the republic in mind, Caesar was nevertheless his superior. “You have to understand,” the executives said, “our policy is to obey the chain of command.”During the last few years, business executives and book writers looking for a new way to advise corporate America have been exploiting Shakespeare’s wisdom for profitable ends. None more so than husband and wife team Kenneth and Carol Adelman, well-known advisers to the White House, who started up a training company called “Movers and Shakespeares”. They are amateur Shakespeare scholars and Shakespeare lovers, and they have combined their passion and their high level contacts into a management training business. They conduct between 30 and 40 workshops annually, focusing on half a dozen different plays, mostly for corporations, but also for government agencies.The workshops all take the same form, focusing on a single play as a kind of case study, and using individual scenes as specific lessons. In Julius Caesar, for example, Cassius’s sly provocation（狡诈的挑唆）of Brutus to take up arms against Caesar was a basis for a discussion of methods of team building and grass roots organising.Although neither of the Adelmans is academically trained in literature, the programmes contain plenty of Shakespeare tradition and background. Their workshop on Henry V, for example, includes a helpful explanation of Henry’s winning strategy at the Battle of Agincourt. But they do come to the text with a few biases (偏向): their reading of Henry V minimizes his misuse of power. Instead, they emphasize the story of the youth who seizes opportunity and becomes a masterful leader. And at the workshop on Caesar, Mr. Adelmans had little good to say about Brutus, saying “the noblest Roman of them all” couldn’t make his mind up about things.Many of the participants pointed to very specific elements in the play that they felt to be related. Caesar’s pride, which led to his murder, and Brutus’s mistakes in leading the traitors after the murder, they said, raise vital questions for anyone serving in a business: when and how do you resist the boss?73. According to paragraph 1, what did all the executives think of Brutus?A. Cruel.B. Superior.C. Honorable.D. Rude74. According to the passage, the Adelmans set up “Movers and Shakespeares” to ________.A. help executives to understand Shakespeare’s plays betterB. give advice on leadership by analyz ing Shakespeare’s playsC. provide case studies of Shakespeare’s plays in literature workshopsD. guide government agencies to follow the characters in Shakespeare’s plays.75. Why do the Adelmans conduct a workshop on Henry V?A. To highlight the importance of catching opportunities.B. To encourage masterful leaders to plan strategies to win.C. To illustrate the harm of prejudices in management.D. To warn executives against power misuse.76. It can be inferred from the passage that ____.A. the Adelmans’ programme proves biased as the roles of characters are maximized.B. executives feel bored with too many specific elements of Shakespeare’s plays.C. the Adelmans will make more profits if they are professional scholars.D. Shakespeare has played an important role in the management field.77. The best title for the passage is _____.A. Shakespeare’s plays: Executives reconsider corporate cultureB. Shakespeare’s plays: An essential key to business successC. Shakespeare’s plays: a lesso n for business motivationD. Shakespeare’s plays: Dramatic training brings dramatic resultsSection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Youth sport has the potential to accomplish three important objectives in children’s development. First, sport programs provide youth with opportunities to be physically active, which can lead to improved physical health. Second, youth-sport programs have long beenconsidered important to youth’s psychosocial development, providing opportunities to learn important life skills such as cooperation, discipline, leadership, and self-control. Third, youth sport programs are critical for the learning of motor skills（运动技能）; these motor skills serve as a foundation for future national sport stars and recreational adult sport participants. When coachers develop activities for youth practices and when sport organizations design youth-sport programs, they must consider the implication of deliberate play and deliberate practice.Research from Telama (2006) states that regular participation in deliberate play or deliberate practice activities during childhood and youth (ages nine to eighteen) increases the likelihood of participation in sports during adulthood by six times for both males and females. Côté(2002) defines deliberate play activities in sport as those designed to maximize enjoyment. These activities are regulated by flexible rules adapted from standardized sport rules and are set up by the children or by an involved adult. Children typically change rules to find a point where their game is similar to the actual sport but still allows for play at their level. For example, children may change soccer and basketball rules to suit their needs and environment (e.g., in the street, on a playing field or in someone’s backyard). When involved in deliberate play activities, children are less concerned with the outcome of their behavior (whether they win or lose) than with the behavior (having fun).On the other hand, Ericsson (1993) suggests that the most effective learning occurs through involvement in highly structured activities defined as deliberate practice. Deliberate practice activities require effort, produce no immediate rewards, and are motivated by the goal of improving performance rather than the goal of enjoyment. When individuals are involved in deliberate play, they experiment with new or different combinations of behaviors, but not necessarily in the most effective way to improve performance. In contrast, when individuals are involved in deliberate practice, they exhibit behavior focused on improving performance by the most effective means available. For example, the backhand skills in tennis could be learned and improved over time by playing matches or by creating fun practice situations. However, players could more effectively improve their backhand performance by practicing drills that might be considered less enjoyable. Although the drills used in deliberate practice might not be the most enjoyable, they might be the most relevant to improving performance.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS) 78. Besides the learning of motor skills, what are the other two important objectives of youth sport?79. If children participate in deliberate play or deliberate practice activities, they are more likely to________________.80. In deliberate play activities, what do children do to maximize enjoyment?81. In contrast to deliberate play, deliberate practice is aimed at____________.第II卷（共47分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1.美食是人们造访上海的乐趣之一。
2015上海高考英语卷及答案
2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试上海英语试卷第I卷（共103分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the questions you have heard.1. A. impatient B. confused C. pleased D. regretful2. A. at a bus stop B. at a laundry C. at the dentist’s D. at the chemist’s3. A. An actor B. A salesman C. A translator D. A writer4. A. He lost his classmate’s hom ework. B. He can’t help the woman with her math.C. He broke the woman’s calculator.D. He doesn’t know where the ―on‖ button is.5. A. The woman should go to another counter. B. The woman gives the man so many choices.C. The man dislike the sandwiches offered there.D. The man is having trouble deciding what to eat.6.A. She has no idea where to find the man’s exam result. B. She isn’t allowed to tell students their grades.C. Dr. White hasn’t finish grading the papers.D. Dr. White doesn’t want to be contacted while he’s away.7. A. Move to a neat dormitory B. Find a person to share their apartmentC. Clean the room with the roommateD. Write an article about their roommate8. A. Bob won’t take her advice B. Bob doesn’t want to go abroadC. She doesn’t think Bob should study overseasD. She hasn’t talked to Bob since he went aboard9. A. The snack bar isn’t usually so empty. B. Dessert is served in the snack bar.C. The snack bar is near the library.D. Snacks aren’t allowed in the library.10. A. Take her bicycle to the repair shop. B. Leave her bicycle outside.C. Clean the garage after the rain stops.D. Check if the garage is dry.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. It helps care for customers’ dogs.B. You have to buy food for dogs.C. None of the dogs are caged.D. There is a dog named Princess.12. A. She likes the food there.B. She enjoys the fun with a pet.C. She can have free coffee.D. She doesn’t like to be alone.13. A. A new kind of cafe.B. A new brand of cafe.C. A new home for pets.D. A new way to raise pets.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. A trend that high achievers are given a lower salary.B. A view that life quality is more important than pay.C. A dream of the young for fast-paced jobs.D. A new term created by high achievers.15. A. 10% B. 12% C. 6% D. 7%16. A. People are less satisfied with their lives.B. The financial investment may increase.C. Well-paid jobs are not easy to find.D. Unexpected problems may arise.Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Section ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form. of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)Gift from a strangerMy local supermarket is always busy. The first parking space I found was convenient, but I'd noticed a woman in a blue car circling for a while. (25) _____ I was in a good mood, I let her have it. On the edge of the car park I backed into the next available spot—it was a tight fit.Pretty soon I'd made my way through the supermarket and was back in the fresh air. Feeling good, I (26) _____(empty) my purse change into the hands of a homeless man and helped a struggling woman reverse park（倒车）.Just as I approached my car, 1 saw the woman I'd let have my car space earlier. She was giving me (27) _____ odd look—half puzzled, half intent (热切的). I smiled and wished her a pleasant day. As I squeezed back into my car, I spotted the same lady (28) _____ (look) in at me. "Hello," she said, hesitantly. "This (29) _____ sound crazy but I was on my way to drop some of my mother's things off at the charity bins.‖ You are just so much (30) _____ her.‖ You helped those people, I noticed, and you seemed so happy.‖ She looked at me meaningfully and passed a box in through the window. ―I think she would like you to have it.‖ (31) _____ (shock), I took it from her automatically. She smiled and walked away.After a pause, I opened the box. Inside was a beautiful gold necklace with a large grey pearl. It was (32) _____ (nice) gift I'd ever received, and it was from a complete stranger. The necklace was around my neck, a warm reminder of human kindness.(B)Ask helpful HannahDear helpful Hannah,I’ve got a pro blem with my husband, Sam. He bought a smart phone a couple of months ago and he took it on our recent ski vacation to Colorado, it was a great trip except for one problem. He has a constant urge (33) (check) for next messages; he checks his phone every five minutes! He’s so addicted to it that he just can’t stand the idea (34) there may be an important text. He can’t help checking even at inappropriate times like when we are eating in a restaurant and I am talking to him! He behaves (35) any small amount of boredom can make him feel the need to check his phone even when he know he shouldn’t. The temptation to see (36) is connecting him is just too great. When I ask him to put down the phone and stop (37) (ignore) me, he say, ―In a minute.‖ but still checks to see if (38) has posted something new on the Internet. Our life (39) (interrupt). If we go somewhere and I ask him to have the phone at home, he suffers from withdrawal symptom. May this dependency on his smart phone has become more than an everyday problem.I recently read an article about ―nomophobia,‖ (40)is a real illness people can’t suffer from the fear of being without your phone! I am worried that Sam maybe suffering from this illnes s because he feels anxious if he doesn’t have his phone with him, even for a short time.Who would have thought that little devices like these could have brought so much trouble!Sick and Tired SadieSection BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only beused once. Note that there is one word more than you need.and they make an impression on people who visit and might be potential, or 41 , customers. They make business work better, and they are a part of the corporate culture we live in.As we move away from an industrial-based economy to a knowledge-based one, office designers have come up with 42 to the traditional work environments of the past. The design industry has moved away from a fixed office setup and created more flexible ―strategic management envir onments.‖ These43 solutions are meant to support better organizational performance.As employee hierarchies (等级制度) have flattened, or decreased, office designers’ response to this change has been to move open-plan areas to more desirable locations within the office and create fewer formal private offices. The need for increased flexibility has also been 44 by changes in workstation design. Offices and work spaces often are not 45 to a given person on a permanent basis. Because of changes to methods of working, new designs allow for expansion or movement of desks, storage, and equipment within the workstation. Another important design goal is communication, which designers have improved by lowering the walls that 46 workstations. Designers have al so created informal gathering places, and upgraded employees’ 47 to heavily trafficked areas such as copy and coffee rooms.Corporate and institutional office designers often struggle to resolve a number of competing and often 48 demands, including budgetary limits, employee hierarchies, and technological innovation (especially in relation to computerization). These demands must also be balanced with the need to create interiors (内饰) that in some way enhance, establish, or promote a company’s image and will enable employees to 49 at their best.All these 50 of office design are related. The most successful office designs are like a good marriage---that well-designed office and the employees that occupy it are seemingly made for each other.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.If you studied pictures that ancient people left on rock walls and you tried to determine their meaning, you would not detect interest in romance among the artists. 51 , you would see plenty of animals with people running aft er them. Life for ancient people’s earned to center on hunting and gathering wild foods for meals.In modern times, when food is available in grocery stores, finding love is more 52 in people’s lives. The 53 is all around us. It is easy to prepare a list of modern stories having to do with love. An endless number of books and movies qualify as love stories in popular culture.Researchers are studying whether love, a highly valued emotional state, can be 54. They ask, what is love? Toothpaste companies want us to think attraction is all about clean teeth, but clean teeth go only so far. Scientists wonder how much the brain gets involved. You have probably heard that opposites attract but that 55 attract, too. One thing is certain: The truth about love is not yet set in stone.First ImpressionTo help determine the 56 of attraction, researchers paired 164 college classmates and had them talk for 3, 6 or 10 minutes so they could get a sense of each other’s individuality. Then students were asked to 57 what kind of relationship they were likely to build with their partners. After nine weeks, they reported what happened.As it turned out, their 58 judgments often held true. Students seemed to 59 at an early stage who would best fit into their lives.The 60 KnowsScientists have also turned to nonhumans to increase understanding of attraction. Many animals give off pheromones — natural chemicals that can be detected by, and then can produce a response in, other animals of the same species. Pheromones can signal that an animal is either ready to fight or is feeling 61 to partnerships. In contrast, humans do not seem to be as 62 as other animals at detecting such chemicals. Smell, however, does seem to play a part in human attraction. Although we may not be aware of chemicals like pheromones consciously, we give and receive loads of information through smell in every interaction with other people.Face ValueBeing fond of someone seems to have a number of factors, including seeing something we find attractive. Researchers had people judge faces for 63. The participants had 0.013 seconds to view each face, yet somehow they generally considered the images the same as people who had more time to study the same faces. The way we 64 attractiveness seem to be somewhat automatic.When shown an attractive face and then words with good or bad associations, people responded to 65 words faster after viewing an attractive face. Seeing something attractive seems to cause happy thinking.51. A. Instead B. Therefore C. Moreover D. Otherwise52. A. romantic B. stressful C. central D. beneficial53. A. priority B. proof C. possibility D. principle54. A. tested B. imposed C. changed D. created55. A. appearances B. virtues C. similarities D. passions56. A. illustrations B. implications C. ingredients D. intentions57. A. predict B. investigate C. diagnose D. recall58. A. critical B. initial C. random D. mature59. A. memorize B. distinguish C. negotiate D. question60. A. Nose B. Eye C. Heart D. Hand61. A. open B. alert C. resistant D. superior62. A. disappointed B. amazed C. confused D. gifted63. A. emotions B. attractiveness C. individuality D. signals64. A. enhance B. possess C. maintain D. assess65. A. familiar B. plain C. positive D. insultingSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Look to many of history’s cultural symbols, and there you’ll find an ancestor of Frosty, the snowman in the movie Frozen. It appeared on some of the first postcards, starred in some of the earliest silent movies, and was the subject of a couple of the earliest photos, dating all the way back to the 1800s. I discovered even more about one of humanity’s earliest forms of life art during several years of research around the world.For example, snowmen were a phenomenon in the Middle Ages, built with great skill and thought. At a time of limited means of expression, snow was like free art supplies dropped from the sky. It was a popular activity for couples to leisurely walk through town to view the temporary works of chilly art. Some were created by famous artists, including a 19-year-old Michelangelo, who in 1494 was appointed by the ruler of Florence, Italy, to build a snowman in his mansion’s courtyard.The Miracle of 1511 took place during six freezing works called the Winter of Death. The city of Brussels was covered in snowmen—an impressive scene that told stories on every street corner. Some were political in nature, criticizing the church and government. Some were a reflection of people’s imagination. For the people of Brussels, this was a defining moment of defining freedom. At least until spring arrived, by which time they were dealing with damaging floods.If you fear the heyday of the snowman has passed, don’t worry: I’ve learned that some explosive snowman history is still being made today. Every year since 1818, the people of Zurich, Switzerland, celebrate the beginning of spring by blowing up a snowman. On the third Monday of April, the holiday Sechselauten is kicked off when a cotton snowman called the Boogg is stuffed with explosive and paraded through town by bakers and other tradesmen who throw bread to the crowds. The parade ends with the Boogg being placed on a 40-foot pile of firewood. After the bells of the Church of St. Peter have rung six times, representing the passing of winter, the pile is lit. When the snowman explodes, winter is considered officially over—the quicker it is burnt down, the longer summer is said to be.66. According to the passage, why did snowmen become a phenomenon in the Middle Ages?A. People thought of snow as holy art supplies.B. People longed to see masterpieces of snow.C. Building snowmen was a way for people to express themselves.D. Building snowmen helped people develop their skill and thought.67. ―The heyday of the snowman‖ (paragraph 4) means the time when___________.A. snowmen were made mainly by artistsB. snowmen enjoyed great popularityC. snowmen were politically criticizedD. snowmen caused damaging floods68. In Zurich, the blowing up of the Boogg symbolizes__________________.A. the start of the paradeB. the coming of a longer summerC. the passing of the winterD. the success of tradesmen69. What can be concluded about snowmen from the passage?A. They were appreciated in historyB. They have lost their valueC. They were related to moviesD. They vary in shape and size(B)Scary BunnyA: The Curse of the Were-Rabbit(2005) is the first full-length feature film made by directors Nick Park and Steve Box with their amazing plasticine(粘土) characters Wallace and Gromit. It won an Oscar in 2006, and if you watch it, you’ll understand why. It’s an absolutely brilliant cartoon comedy.B: Cheese-loving inventor Wallace and his brainy dog Gromit have started a company to protect the town’s vegetables from hungry rabbits. However, just before the annual Giant Vegetable Competition, an enormous rabbit begins terrorising the town. It is attacking all the vegetables and destroying everything in its path. The competition organizer, Lady Tottington, hires Wallace and Gromit to catch the monster alive. But they will have to find the were-rabbit before gun-crazy hunter Victor Quartermaine who is desperate to kill it.C: The screenplay is witty and full of amusing visual jokes. As usual, the voice of Peter Sallis is absolutely perfect for the role of Wallace, and Gromit is so beautifully brought to life, he can express a huge range of emotions without saying a word. And both Helena Bonham-Carter, who plays the part of Lady Tottington, and Ralph Fiennes as Victor are really funny.D: To sum up, The Curse of the Were-Rabbit is an amazing film which is suitable for both children and adults. If you liked Wallace and Gromit’s previous adventures and you appreciate the British sense of humour, you’ll love this film. Don’t miss it!70. In the film review, what is paragraph A mainly about?A. The introduction to the leading rolesB. The writer’s opinion of actingC. The writer’s comments on the storyD. The background information71. According to the film review, ―monster‖ (paragraph B) refers to ______.A. a gun-crazy hunterB. a brainy dogC. a scary rabbitD. a giant vegetable72. Which of the following is a reason why the writer recommends the film?A. It’s full of wit and humour.B. Its characters show feelings without words.C. It is an adventure film directed by Peter Sallis.D. It is about the harmony between man and animals.(C)One of the executives gathered at the Aspen Institute for a day-long leadership workshop using the works of Shakespeare was discussing the role of Brutus in the death of Julius Caesar. ―Brutus was not an honorable man,‖ he said. ―He was a traitor（叛徒）. And he murdered someone in cold blood.‖ The agreement was that Brutus had acted with cruelty when other option s were available to him. He made a bad decision, they said—at least as it was presented by Shakespeare—to take the lead in murdering Julius Caesar. And though one of the executives acknowledged that Brutus had the good of the republic in mind, Caesar was nevertheless his superior. ―You have to endeavor,‖ the executives said, ―our policy is to obey the chain of command.‖During the last few years, business executives and book writers looking for a new way to advise corporate America have been exploiting Shak espeare’s wisdom for profitable ends. None more so than husband and wife team Kenneth and Carol Adelman, well-known advisers to the White House, who started up a training company called ―Movers and Shakespeares‖. They are amateur Shakespeare scholars and Shakespeare lovers, and they have combined their passion and their high level contacts into a management training business. They conduct between 30 and 40 workshops annually, focusing on half a dozen different plays, mostly for corporations, but also for government agencies.The workshops all take the same form, focusing on a single play as a kind of case study, and using individual scenes as specific lessons. In Julius Caesar, sly provocation（狡诈的挑唆） of Brutus to take up arms against the what was a basis for a discussion of methods of team building and grass roots organism.Although neither of the Adelmans is academically trained in literature, the programmes, contain plenty of Shakespeare tradition and background. Their workshop on Henry V, for example, inc ludes a helpful explanation of Henry’s winning strategy at the Battle of Agincourt. But they do come to the text with a few biases (偏向): their reading of Henry V minimizes his misuse of power. Instead, they emphasize the story of the youth who seizes opportunity and becomes a masterful leader. And at the workshop on Caesar, Mr. Adelmans had little good to say about Brutus, saying ―the noblest Roman of them all‖ couldn’t make his mind up about things.Many of the participants pointed to very specific elements in the play that they felt related Caesar’s pride, which led to his murder, and Brutus’s mistakes in leading the after the murder, they said, raise vital questions for anyone serving as a business when and how do you resist the boss?73. According to paragraph 1, what did all the executives think of Brutus?A. Cruel.B. Superior.C. Honourable.D. Rude74. According to the passage, the Adelmans set up ―Movers and Shakespeares‖ to ________.A. help executives to understand Shakespeare’s plays betterB. give advice on leadership by analyzing Shakespeare’s playsC. provide case studies of Shak espeare’s plays in literature workshopsD. guide government agencies to follow the characters in Shakespeare’s plays.75. Why do the Adelmans conduct a workshop on Henry V?A. To highlight the importance of catching opportunities.B. To encourage masterful leaders to plan strategies to win.C. To illustrate the harm of prejudices in management.D. To warn executives against power misuse.76. It can be inferred from the passage that ____.A. the Adelmans’ programme proves biased as the roles of charac ters are maximized.B. executives feel bored with too many specific elements of Shakespeare’s plays.C. the Adelmans will make more profits if they are professional scholars.D. Shakespeare has played an important role in the management field.77. The best title for the passage is _____.A. Shakespeare’s plays: Executives reconsider corporate cultureB. Shakespeare’s plays: An essential key to business successC. Shakespeare’s plays: a lesson for business motivationD. Shakespeare’s plays: Dramatic training brings dramatic resultsSection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Youth sport has the potential to accomplish three important objectives in children’s development. First, sport programs can provide youth with opportunities to be physically active, which can lead to improved physical health. Second, youth sport programs have long been considered important to youth’s psychosocial development, providing opportunities to learn important life skills such as cooperation, discipline, leadership, and self-control. Third, youth sport programs are critical for the learning of motor skills; these motor skills serve as a foundation for future national sport stars and recreational adult sport participants. When coachers develop activities for youth practices and when sport organizations design youth-sport programs, they must consider the implication of deliberate play and deliberate practice.Research from Telama (2006) states that regular participation in deliberate play or deliberate practice activities during childhood and youth (ages nine to eighteen) increases the likelihood of participation in sports during adulthood by six times for both males and females. Côté(2002) defines deliberate play activities in sport as those designed to maximize enjoyment. These activities are regulated by flexible rules adapted from standardized sport rules and are set up by the children or by an involved adult. Children typically change rules to find a point where their game is similar to the actual sport but still allows for play at their level. For example, children may change soccer and basketball rules to suit their needs and environment (e.g. in the street. on a playing field or in someone’s backyard). When involved in deliberate play activities, children are less concerned with the outcome of their outcome of their behavior. (whether they win or lose)than with the behavior. (having fun).On the other hand, Ericsson (1993) suggests that the most effective learning occurs through involvement in highly structured activities defined as deliberate practice. Deliberate practice activities require effort, produce no immediate rewards, and are motivated by the goal of improving performance rather than the goal of enjoyment. When individuals are involved in deliberate play, they experiment with different combinations of behaviors, but not necessarily in the most effective way to improve performance. In contrast, when individuals are involved in deliberate practice, they exhibit behavior. focused on improving performance by the most effective means available. For example, the backhand skills in tennis could be learned and improved over time by playing matches or by creating fun practice situations. However, players could more effectively improve their backhand performance by practicing drills that might be considered less enjoyable. Although drills are used in most effective means available practice might not be the most enjoyable, they might be the most relevant to improving performance.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS) 78. Besides the learning of motor skills, what are the other two important objectives of youth sport?79. If children participate in deliberate play or deliberate practice activities, they are more likely to_____________.80. In deliberate play activities, what do children do to maximize enjoyment?81. In contrast to deliberate play, deliberate practice is aimed at____________ .第II卷（共47分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1.美食是人们造访上海的乐趣之一。