[实用参考]2014年考研英语二真题及答案解析

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2014年考研英语真题

2014年考研英语（二）真题大小作文解析2014-01-04 20:35:06[答案]2014年考研英语答案[解析]2014年考研英语真题答案名师解析[下载]2014年考研英语真题及答案下载英语二小作文：Suppose you are going to study abroad and share an apartment with john a local student ,writehim an email to1)tells him, about your living habit ,and2)ask for advice for living thereDo not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Li Ming” instead.Do not write the address. (10 Points)小作文解析：今年小作文不出预料，考到了介绍信和询问信这一综合性的书信。

我们跨考老师在课上就曾预测过今年考查综合性书信的可能性极大。

今年考题的Direction 要求给你未来的舍友写一封信介绍下自己的生活习惯以求更好两人能够更好地相处;其次，希望对方就如何适应当地的生活给自己一些建议。

根据题目的要求，我们可以判断本文为私人信函，可以写成非正式语域，即可以出现缩写、省略问句或者口语表达。

称呼：Dear John,注意称呼中，所有实词首字母全部大写，Dear John后面的逗号不可丢，也不能写成冒号。

正文：第一段：写作内容需涵盖两点：自我介绍，写信目的。

文章开头开门自我介绍部分用到了这样的表达：I am Li Ming who will go to study in your university and live together with you in one department. 其中的“I am …who…”这个句型来自于建议信的表达，放在这里也十分贴切;接下一句话表明了写信目的：Now I am writing this letter to tell you some of my habits and ask you for some suggestions to adapt myself there.第二段：写作内容为习惯介绍以及寻求建议。

历年考研英语二真题及答案

2014年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二）试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:R ead the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on ANSWER SHEET.(10points)Thinner isn‘t always better.A n u mber of studies have__1that normal-weight people are in fact at higher risk of some diseases c o mp a r ed to those who are overweight.And there are health conditions for which being overweight is actually2.For example,heavier women are less likely t o develop calcium deficiency than thin women.3among the elderly,being somewhat overweight is o ften an4of good health.Of even greater5is the fact that obesity turns out t o be very difficult t o define.It is often defined6body mass index,or BMI.BMI7body mass divided by the squar e of height.An adult with a BMI of18t o25is o ften consideredt o be normal weight.Between25and30is overweight.And over30is considered obese.Obesity,8,can be divided into moderately obese,severely obese,and very severely obese.While such numerical standards seem9_,they are not.Obesity is probably less a matter of weight than body fat.Some people with a high BMI are in fact extremely fit,10others with a low BMI may be in po or11.For example, many collegiate and professional football players12as obese,though their per centage body fat is low.Conversely,someone with a small frame may have high body fat bu t a13BMI.T oday we have a(an)14t o label obesity as a disgrace.The overweight are sometimes15in the media with their faces covered.S tereotypes16 with obesity include laziness,lack of will power,and lower prospects for success. T eachers,employers,and health professionals have been shown t o harbor biases against the obese.17very young children t e nd t o look d own on the overweight, and teasing abo ut body build has long been a pr oblem in schools.Negative attitudes toward obesity,18in health concerns,have stimulated a n u mbe r of anti-obesity19.My own hospital system has bannedsugary drinks from its facilities.Many employers have instituted weight loss and fitness initiatives.Michelle Obama has launched a high-visibility campaign20 childhood obesity,even claiming that it represents our greatest national security threat.1.[A]denied[B]conduced[C]doubled[D]ensur ed2.[A]protective[B]danger ous[C]sufficient[D]troublesome3.[A]Instead[B]However[C]Likewise[D]Therefore4.[A]indicator[B]objective[C]origin[D]example5.[A]impact[B]relevance[C]assistance[D]concern6.[A]in terms of[B]in case of[C]in favor of[D]in of7.[A]measur es[B]determines[C]equals[D]modifies8.[A]in essence[B]in contrast[C]in turn[D]in part9.[A]complicated[B]conservative[C]variable[D]straightforward10.[A]so[B]while[C]since[D]unless11.[A]shape[B]spirit[C]balance[D]taste12.[A]start[B]quality[C]retire[D]stay13.[A]strange[B]changeable[C]normal[D]constant14.[A]option[B]reason[C]opportunity[D]tendency15.[A]employed[B]pictured[C]imitated[D]monitored16.[A]c o mp ar e d[B]combined[C]settled[D]associated17.[A]Even[B]Still[C]Y et[D]Only18.[A]despised[B]corrected[C]ignored[D]grounded19.[A]discussions[B]businesses[C]policies[D]studies20.[A]for[B]against[C]with[D]without―Section II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:R ead the following four texts.Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B,C or D.Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET.(40points)T ext1What would you do with590m?This is now a question for Gloria Mackenzie,an 84-year-old widow who recently emerged from her small,tin-roofed house in Florida t o collect the biggest undivided lottery jackpot in history.If she ho pes her new-found for tune will yield lasting feelings of fulfillment,she could do worse than r ead Happy Money by Elizabeth Dumn and Michael Norton.These two academics use an array of behavioral research t o show that the most rewarding ways to s pen d money can be counterintuitive.Fantasies of gr eat wealtho ften involve visions of fancy cars and extravagant homes.Y et satisfaction with these material purchases wears off fairly quickly what was once exciting and new becomes old-hat;regret creeps in.It is far better to s pen d money on experiences,say Ms Dumn and Mr Norton,like interesting trips,unique meals or even going to the cinema.These purchases often become mor e valuable with time-as stories or memories-particularly if they involve feeling mo r e connected t o others.This slim volume is pack ed with tips t o help wage slaves as well as lottery winners g e t the mos t"happiness bang for your buck."It seems mos t people would be better off if they could shorten their c o mmu t es to work,s pen d mo r e time with friends and family and less of it watching television(something the average American spends a whopping two mon ths a year doing,and is hardly jollier for it).Buying gifts or giving t o charity is often mo r e pleasurable than purchasing things for oneself,and luxuries are most enjoyable when they are co nsu me d sparingly.This is apparently the reason MacDonald's restricts the availability of its popular McRib-a marketing trick that has turned the pork sandwich into an object of obsession.R eaders of Happy Money‖are clearly a privileged lot,anxious a bo u t fulfillment, no t hunger.Money may no t quite buy happiness,bu t people in wealthier countries are generally happier than those in poor ones.Y et the link betw een feeling good and spending money on others can be seen among rich and poor people ar ound the world,and scarcity enhances the pleasure of mos t things for most people.Not everyone will agree with the authors‘policy ideas,which range from mandating more holiday time t o reducing tax incentives for American homebuyers.But mos t people will c o me away from this book believing it was money well spent.21.According t o Dumn and Norton,which of the following is the most rewarding purchase?[A]A big house[B]A special tour[C]A stylish car[D]A rich meal22.The author‘s attitude toward Americans‘watching TV is[A]critical[B]supportive[C]sympathetic.[D]ambiguous23.Macrib is mentioned in paragraph3t o show that[A]consumers are sometimes irrational[B]popularity usually comes after quality[C]marketing tricks are after effective[D]rarity generally increases pleasure.24.According t o the last paragraph,Happy Money_[A]has left much room for readers‘criticism[B]may prove t o be a worthwhile purchase[C]has predicted a wider income gap in the us[D]may give its readers a sense of achievement25.This text mainly discusses how t o.[A]balancefeeling good and spending money[B]spend largesums of money won in lotteries[C]obtain lastingsatisfaction from money spent[D]become mo r ereasonable in spending on luxuries.― ―an I IT ext 2An article in Scientific America has pointed ou t that empirical research says that,actually, you think you‘re more beautiful than you are. We have a deep -seated need to feel good abo u t ourselves and we naturally employ a nu mber of self -enhancing strategies t o research into what the call the above average effec t‖, or illusory superiority‖, and shown that, for example, 70% of us rate ourselves as above average in leadership, 93% in driving and 85% at getting on well with others —all obviously statistical impossibilities.W e rose tint our memories and pu t ourselves into self -affirming situations. W ebecome defensive when criticized, and apply negative stereotypes t o others to boos t our own esteem, we stalk around thinking we‘re hot stuff.Psychologist and behavioral scientist Nicholas Epley oversaw a key studyinginto self -enhancement and attractiveness. Rather that have people simply rate their beauty compress with others, he asked them to identify an original ph o t o gr a gh of themselves‘ from a lineup including versions that had been altered t o appear mo r e and less attractive. Visual recognition, reads the study , is ― automatic psychological process occurring rapidly and intuitively with little or no app ar ent conscious deliberation‖. If the subjects quickly chose a falsely flattering image - which must did- they genuinely believed it was really how they looked. Epley found no significant gen der difference in responses. Nor was there any evidence that, those who self- enhance the must (that is, the participants who t hou ght the most positively doctor ed picture were real) were doing so to mak e up for pr o found insecurities. In fact thosewho th ough t that the images higher up the attractiveness scale were real directly corr esponded with those who sh ow e d other mak e rs for having higher self -esteem. ― don‘t think the findings that we having have are any evidence of personal delusion‖, says Epley. ―t‘s a reflection simply of people generally thinking well of themselv es‘. If you are depressed, you won‘t be self -enhancing. Knowing the results of Epley ‗s study ,it makes sense that why people heat phot ographs of themselves Viscerally-on one level , they don‘t even recognize the person in the picture as themselves, Face book therefore ,is a self- enhancer‘s paradise, where people can share only the most flattering photos, the cream of their wit ,style ,beauty, intellect and lifestyle it‘s not that people‘s profiles are dishonest, says Catalina toma of Wiscon—Madison university ,‖but they portray an idealized version of themselves.26.According t o the first paragraph, social psychologist have found that.[A] our self -ratings are unrealistically high―[B] illusory superiority is baseless effect[C] our need for leadership is unnatural [D] self -enhancing strategies are ineffective27.Visual recognition is believed t o be people‘s.[A]rapid watching[B]conscious choice [C]intuitive r esponse [D]automatic self -defence28.Epley found that people with higher self -esteem tended to.[A] underestimate their insecurities[B] believe in their attractiveness [C] cover up their depressions [D] oversimplify their illusions29.The word Viscerally ‖ (Line 2,para.5) is closest in meaning t o.[A]instinctively[B]occasionally [C]particularly [D]aggressively30.It can be inferred that F acebook is self-enhancer‘s paradise because people can.[A] present their dishonest profiles[B]define their traditional life styles [C]share their intellectual pursuits [D]withhold their unflattering sidesT ext3（暂缺）T ext4When the government talks a bo u t infrastructure contributing t o the economy the focus is usually on roads,railways,broadband and energy.Housing is seldom mentioned.Why is that?T o some extent the housing sector must shoulder the blame.W e have n ot been good at communicating the real value that housing can contribute t o economic growth.Then there is t he scale of the typical housing project.It is har d to shove for attention among multibillion-pound infrastructure project,so it is inevitable that the attention is focused elsewhere.But perhaps the mos t significant reason is that the issue has always been so politically charged.Nevertheless,the affordable housing situation is desperate.Waiting lists increase all the time and we are simply no t building enough new homes.The comprehensive spending review offers an opportunity for the government t o help rectify this.It n ee ds to pu t historical prejudices t o one side and take some stepst o address our ur gent housing need.There are some indications that it is preparing to do just that.The communities minister,Don Foster,has hinted that George Osborne,Chancellor of the Exchequer, may introduce mo r e flexibility t o the current cap on the amount that local authorities can borrow against their housing stock debt.Evidence shows that60,000extra new homes could be built over the next five years if the cap were lifted,increasing GDPby0.6%.Ministers should also look at creating greater certainty in the rental environment, which would have a significant impact on the ability of registered providers t o fund new developments from revenues.But it is no t just do wn to the government.While these measur es would be welcome in the short term,we must face up to the fact that the existing£4.5bn pr o gr amme of grants to fund new affordable housing,set to expire in2015,is unlikelyt o be extended bey ond then.The Labour party has recently a nnounc ed that it will retain a large part of the coalition‘s spending plans if returns to power.The housi sector nee ds to accept that we are very unlikely to ever return to era of large-scale public grants.We need to adjust t o this changing climate.36.The author believes that the housing sector[A]has attracted much attention[B]involves certain political factors[C]shoulders too much responsibility[D]has lost its real value in economy37.It can be learned that affordable housing has[A]increased its home supply[B]offered spending opportunities[C]suffered government biases[D]disappointed the government38.According t o P aragraph5,George Osborne may_.[A]allow greater government debt for housing[B]stop local authorities from building homes[C]pr epar e t o reduce housing stock debt[D]release a lifted GDP growth forecast39.It can be inferred that a stable rental environment would.[A]lower the costs of registered providers[B]lessen the impact of government interference[C]contribute to funding new developments[D]relieve the ministers of responsibilities.40.The author believes that after2015,the government may[A]implement m o r e policies to support housing[B]review the need for large-scale public grants[C]renew the affordable housing grants pr o g r a mme[D]stop gener ous funding t o the housing sector―PartBDirections:R ead the following text and answer the questions by finding information from the left columnthat corresponds to each of the mark ed details given in the right column. There are two extrachoices in the right column. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEERT 1.(10 points)Uncommon Ground –Land Art in BritainThe term Land Art brings to mind epic interventions in the land such as R obert Smith son‘sSpiral Jetty, 6,500 tons of basalt, earth and salt projecting into Utah‘s Great Salt Lake, or RodenCrater , an extinct volcano in Arizona, which James T urrell has been transforming into an immense nak ed-eye observatory since 1979.Richard Long‘s A Li ne Made By Walking, however , involved nothing more strenuous than a20-minute train ride from W aterloo. Having got off some wher e in suburbia, the artist walkedbackwards and forwards over a piece of grass until the sq uashe d turf formed a line – a kind of drawing on the land.Emerging in the late Sixties and reaching a peak in the Seventies, Land Art was one of arange of new forms, including Body Art, P erformance Art, Action Art and Installation Art, whichpushed art bey on d the traditional confines of the studio and gallery . Rather than portraying landscape, land artists u se d the physical substance of the land itself as their medium.The message of this survey of British land art – the most comprehensive to date – is that theBritish variant, typified by Lon g‘s piece, was not only more domestically scaled, but a lot quirkierth an its American counterpart. Indeed, while you might assume that an exhibition of Land Art would consist only of records of works rather than the works themselves, Long‘s photograph of his work is the work. Since his acti on‖ is in the p ast the photograph is its sole embodiment.That might seem rather an obscure point, but it sets the tone for an exhibition that contains alot of black -and-white p h ot og raphs and relatively few natural objects.Long is Britain‘s best -known Land Artist and his S tone Circle, a perfect ring of purplishrocks from P ortishead beach laid out on the gallery floor , represents the elegant, rarefied side ofthe form. The Boyle Family, on the other hand, stand for its dirty, urb an aspect. Comprising artists Mark Boyle and Joan Hills and their children, they recreated random sections of the British landscape on gallery walls. Their Olaf S treet Study , a square of brick -strewn waste ground, is one of the few works here to embrace the mundanity that characterises most of our experience of thelandscape most of the time.―Parks feature, particularly in the earlier works, such as John Hilliard‘s very funny Across thePark, in which a long-haired stroller is variously smiled at by a pretty girl and unwittinglyassaulted in a sequence of images that turn out to be different parts of the same photograph.Generally however British land artists preferred to get away from towns, gravitating towardslandscapes that are traditionally considered beautiful such as the Lake District or the WiltshireD owns. While it probably wasn‘t apparent at the time, much of this work is permeated by a spirit of romantic escapism that the likes of W ordsworth would have readily understood. Derek Jarman‘s yellow -tinted film T owards Avebury, a collection of long, mostly still shots of the Wiltshire landscape, evokes a tradition of English landscape painting stretching from Samuel P almer to Paul Nash.In the case of Hamish Fulton, you can‘t help feeling that the Scottish artist has simply founda way of making his love of walking pay . A typical work, such as Seven Days, consists of a singlebeautiful black -and-white photograph tak en on an epic walk, with the mileage and number of days tak en listed beneath. British Land Art as shown in this well selected, but relatively modestly scaled exhibition wasn‘t about imposing on the landscape, more a kind of landscape -orientated light conceptual art created passing through. It had its origins in the great outdoors, but the results were as gallery-bound as the paintings of T urner and Constable.[A] originates from a long walk that the artist took41. S tone Circle42. Olaf Street Study43. Across the Park 44. T owards Avebury 45. Seven days[B] illustrates a kind of landscape-orientated light conceptual art[C] reminds people of the English landscape painting tradition.[D] represents the elegance of the British land art [E] depicts the ordinary side of the British land art[F] embodies a romantic escape into the Scottish out doors [G] contains images from different parts of the s ame photograph.Section III T ranslation46. Directions:T ranslate the following text from English into Chinese. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET 2. (15 points)Most people would define optimism as endlessly happy, with a glass that‘sperpetually half fall. But that‘s exactly the kind of false deerfulness that positive psychologists wouldn‘t r ecommend. Healthy optimists means being in touch with reality.‖ says T al Ben-Shahar , a Harvard professor , According t o Ben- Shalar ,realistic optimists are these who mak e the best of things that happen,bu t no t those who believe everything happens for the best.Ben-Shalar uses three optimistic exercisers.When he feels down-sag,after giving a bad lecture-he grants himself permission t o be human.He reminds himself that mot every lecture can be a Nobel winner;some will be less effective than others. Next is reconstruction,He analyzes the weak lecture,leaning lessons,for the future abo ut what works and what doesn‘t.Finally,there is perspective,which involves acknowledging that in the ground scheme of life,one lecture really doesn‘t matter.Section IV WritingPart A47.Directions:Suppose you are going to study abr o ad and share an ap artment with John,a local student.Write him t o email t o1)t ell him abo u t your living habits,and2)ask for advice a bo u t living there.Y ou should write a bo u t100words on answer sheet.Do no t use your own name.Part B48.Directions:Write your essay on ANSWER SHEET.(15points)Y ou should1.interpret the chart,and2.give your comments.Y ou should write a bo u t150words on the ANSWER SHEET.(15points)。

2014-2018年考研英语(二)真题及答案合集

2014 年考研英语二真题及答案Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numberedblank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Thinner isn’t always better. A number of studies have 1 that normal-weight people are in fact at higher risk of some d iseases compared to those who are overweight. And there are health conditions for whichbeing overweight is actually 2 . For example, heavier women are lesslikely to develop calcium deficiency than thin women. 3 among the elderly, being somewhat overweight is often an 4 of good health.Of even greater 5 is the fact that obesity turns out to be verydifficult to define. It is often defined 6 body mass index, or BMI. BMI 7 body mass divided by the square of height. An adult with a BMIof 18 to 25 is often considered to be normal weight. Between 25 and 30is overweight. And over 30 is considered obese. Obesity, 8 ,can be divided into moderately obese, severely obese, and very severely obese.While such numerical standards seem 9 , they are not. Obesity isprobably less a matter of weight than body fat. Some people with a highBMI are in fact extremely fit, 10 others with a low BMI may be in poor11 .For example, many c ollegiate and professional football players 12 as obese, though their percentage body fat is low. Conversely, someone w ith a small frame may have high body fat but a 13 BMI.Today we h ave a(an) _14 _ to label obesity as a disgrace.The overweight are sometimes_15_in the media with their faces covered. Stereotypes _16_ with obesity include laziness, lack of will power,and lower prospects for success.Teachers,employers,and health professionals have been shown toharbor biases against the obese. _17_very young children tend to look down on the overweight, and teasing about body build has long been a problemin schools.1.[A] denied [B] conduced [C] doubled [D] ensured2.[A] protective [B] dangerous [C] sufficient [D]troublesome3.[A] Instead [B] However [C] Likewise [D] Therefore4.[A] indicator [B] objective [C] origin [D] example5.[A] impact [B] relevance [C] assistance [D] concern6.[A] in terms of [B] in case of [C] in favor of [D] in of7.[A] measures [B] determines [C] equals [D] modifies8.[A] in essence [B] in contrast [C] in turn [D] in part9.[A] complicated [B] conservative [C] variable [D] straightforward10.[A] so [B] unlike [C] since [D] unless11.[A] shape [B] spirit [C] balance [D] taste12.[A] start [B] quality [C] retire [D] stay13.[A] strange [B] changeable [C] normal [D] constant14.[A] option [B] reason [C] opportunity [D] tendency15.[A] employed [B] pictured [C] imitated [D] monitored16.[A] [B] combined [C] settled [D] associated17.[A] Even [B] Still [C] Yet [D] Only18.[A] despised [B] corrected [C] ignored [D] grounded19.[A] discussions [B] businesses [C] policies [D] studies20.[A] for [B] against [C] with [D] withoutSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each textby choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. (40 points) Text 1What would you do with 590m? This is now a question for GloriaMackenzie, an 84-year-old widow who recently emerged from her small,tin-roofed house in Florida to collect the biggest undivided lotteryjackpot in history. If she hopes her new-found for tune will yield lasting feelings of fulfillment, she could do worse than read Happy Money byElizabeth Dumn and Michael Norton.These two academics use an array of behavioral research to show that the most rewarding ways to spend money c an be counterintuitive. Fantasies of great wealth often involve visions of fancy cars and extravagant homes. Yet satisfaction with these material purchases wears off fairly quicklywhat was once exciting and new becomes old-hat; regret creeps in. It isfar better to spend money o n experiences, say Ms Dumn and Mr Norton, like interesting trips, unique meals or even going to the cinema. Thesepurchases often become more valuable with time-as stories ormemories-particularly if they involve feeling more connected to others.This slim volume is packed with tips to help wage slaves as well aslottery winners get the most "happiness bang for your buck." It seems most people would be better off if they could shorten their commutes to work,spend more time with friends and family and less of it watching television (something the average American spends a whopping two months a year doing, and is hardly jollier for it).Buying gifts or giving to charity is oftenmore pleasurable than purchasing things for oneself, and luxuries are most enjoyable when they are consumed s paringly. This is apparently the reason MacDonald's restricts the availability of its popular McRib - a marketing trick that has turned the pork sandwich into an object of obsession.Readers of “HappyMoney”are clearly a privileged lot, anxious about fulfillment, not hunger.Money may not quite buy happiness, but people in wealthier countries are generally happier than those in poor ones. Yetthe link between feeling good and spending money on others can be seenamong rich and poor people around the world, and scarcity enhances thepleasure of most things for most people. Not everyone will agree with the authors’ policy ideas, which range from mandating more holiday time toreducing tax incentives for American homebuyers. But most people will come away from this book believing it was money well spent。

2014年考研英语二真题答案及解析

2014年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语(二)答案详解SectionⅠUse of English文章分析本文是一篇关于肥胖与健康关系新说法的议论文。

第一段引出作者对身材的看法：并不是越瘦就证明人越健康。

第二段中作者介绍了一种定义肥胖症的指标BMI。

第三段中作者指出BMI其实揭示的是人体的脂肪量，并不是说明身材好坏的指数。

第四段中讲述了整个社会其实会给肥胖者贴上消极标签，无论是在电视节目中还是在孩子们的心目中，胖人的形象总是与消极联系起来。

最后一段讲述了人们以健康的角度去考虑肥胖的影响，和已经采取的一些对抗肥胖的种种策略。

试题解析Thinner isn't always better.A number of studies have__1__that normalweight people are in fact at higher risk of some diseases compared to those who are overweight.And there are healthy conditions for which being overweight is actually__2__.For example,heavierwomen are less likely to develop calcium deficiency than thin women.__3__, among the elderly,being somewhat overweight is often an__4__of good health.【译文】太瘦也不总是好事。

一些研究已经得出结论：正常体重的人实际上比一些超重的人更容易患上某些疾病。

有些肥胖对健康还有保护作用。

例如稍微超重的女性跟消瘦的女性相比，不易受到钙质缺乏的影响。

同样的，在老年人中，一定程度上超重是身体健康的标志。

1.[A]denied否认[B]concluded得出结论[C]doubled两倍，加倍努力[D]ensured确保【答案】B【考点】词义辨析【直击答案】空格所在句意为“一系列的研究已经________，事实上，正常体重的人患病风险要高于超重的人”。

2014考研英语二作文

2014考研英语二作文1) describe the drawing briefly,。

2) explain its intended meaning, and。

3) give your comments.范文：The cartoon depicts a scene where a boy is sitting in front of a computer with a sad expression on his face, while his father is standing behind him, looking at the computer screen with a surprised expression. The caption reads “The computer is not the only teacher”.The intended meaning of this cartoon is to warn parents that relying solely on technology to educate their children is not enough. In recent years, with the development of technology, many parents have turned to online courses and educational software to supplement or even replacetraditional teaching methods. However, this cartoonsuggests that such an approach may not be effective, as it neglects the importance of human interaction and guidancein the learning process.In my opinion, while technology can certainly be auseful tool for learning, it should not be seen as a substitute for human teachers. Teachers play a crucial role in not only imparting knowledge but also inspiring students, fostering critical thinking skills, and providing emotional support. These are all things that technology cannot replicate. Therefore, parents should be cautious about relying too heavily on technology and should instead prioritize finding high-quality, well-trained teachers for their children.In conclusion, this cartoon serves as a timely reminder that technology should be used as a supplement, not a replacement, for traditional teaching methods. As we continue to integrate technology into education, we mustnot forget the vital role that human teachers play in shaping the minds and hearts of our children.。

2015年[全套]考研英语二真题和答案解析详解

2014年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语(二）试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections：Read the following text. Choose the best word（s） for each numbered blank and mark A, B， C or D on ANSWER SHEET. （10 points）Thinner isn't always better。

A number of studies have __1___ that normal—weight people are in fact at higher risk of some diseases compared to those who are overweight. And there are health conditions for which being overweight is actually ___2___。

For example, heavier women are less likely to develop calcium deficiency than thin women。

___3___ among the elderly, being somewhat overweight is often an ___4___ of good health。

Of even greater ___5___ is the fact that obesity turns out to be very difficult to define。

It is often defined ___6___ body mass index， or BMI。

BMI ___7__ body mass divided by the square of height. An adult with a BMI of 18 to 25 is often considered to be normal weight。

2014考研英语二真题和答案及解析

2013考研英语（二）真题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Given the advantages of electronic money, you might think that we would move quickly to the cashless society in which all payments are made electronically. ___1___ a true cashless society is probably not around the corner. Indeed, predictions have been___2___for two decades but have not yet come to fruition. For example, Business Week predicted in 1975 that electronic means of payment would soon "revolutionize the very ___3___ of money itself," only to___4___ itself several years later. Why has the movement to a cashless society been so___5___in coming?Although electronic means of payment may be more efficient than a payments system based on paper, several factors work___6___the disappearance of the paper system. First, it is very___7___to set up the computer, card reader, and telecommunications networks necessary to make electronic money the___8___form of payment Second, paper checks have the advantage that they___9___receipts, something that many consumers are unwilling to___10___. Third, the use of paper checks gives consumers several days of "float" - it takes several days___11___ a check is cashed and funds are___12___from the issuer's account, which means that the writer of the check can cam interest on the funds in the meantime. ___13___electronic payments arc immediate, they eliminate the float for the consumer.Fourth, electronic means of payment may___14___security and privacy concerns. We often hear media reports that an unauthorized hacker has been able to access a computer database and to alter information___15___there. The fact that this is not an ___16___ occurrence means that dishonest persons might be able to access bank accounts in electronic payments systems and___17___from someone else's accounts. The___18___of this type of fraud is no easy task, and a new field of computer science is developing to___19___security issues. A further concern is that the use of electronic means of payment leaves an electronic___20___that contains a large amountof personal data. There are concerns that government, employers, and marketers might be able to access these data, thereby violating our privacy.1. [A] However [B] Moreover [C] Therefore [D] Otherwise2. [A] off [B] back [C] over [D] around3. [A] power [B] concept [C] history [D] role4. [A] reward [B] resist [C] resume [D] reverse5. [A] silent [B] sudden [C] slow [D] steady6. [A] for [B] against [C]with[D] on7. [A] imaginative [B] expensive [C] sensitive [D] productive8. [A] similar [B] original [C] temporary [D] dominant9. [A] collect [B] provide [C] copy [D] print10. [A] give up [B] take over [C] bring back [D] pass down11. [A] before [B] after [C] since [D] when12. [A] kept [B] borrowed [C] released [D] withdrawn13. [A] Unless [B] Until [C] Because [D] Though 14. [A] hide [B] express [C] raise [D]ease15. [A] analyzed [B] shared [C] stored [D] displayed16. [A] unsafe [B] unnatural [C] uncommon [D] unclear17. [A] steal [B] choose [C] benefit [D] return 18. [A] consideration [B] prevention [C] manipulation [D] justification19. [A] cope with [B] fight against [C] adapt to [D] call for20. [A] chunk [B] chip [C] path [D] trailSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1In an essay entitled “Making It in America”, the author Adam Davidson relates a joke from cotton about just how much a modern textile mill has been automated:The average mill only two employees today,” a man and a dog. The man is there to feed the dog is there to keep the man away from the machines.”Davidson’s article is one of a number of pieces that have recently appeared making the point that the reason we have such stubbornly high unemployment and declining middle-class incomes today is also because of the advances in both globalization and the information technology revolution, which are more rapidly than ever replacing labor with machines or foreign worker.In the past, workers with average skills, doing an average job，could earn an average lifestyle ,But ,today ,average is officially over. Being average just won’t earn you what it used to. It can’t when so many more employers have so much more access to so much more above average cheap foreign labor, cheap robotics, cheap software, cheap automation and cheap genius. Therefore, everyone needs to find their extra-their unique value contribution that makes them stand out in whatever is their field of employment.Yes, new technology has been eating jobs forever, and always will. B ut there’s been an acceleration. As Davidson notes,” In the 10 years ending in 2009, [U.S.] factories shed workers so fast that they erased almost all the gains of the previous 70 years; roughly one out of every three manufacturing jobs-about 6 million in total -disappeared.There will always be changed-new jobs, new products, new services. But the one thing we know for sure is that with each advance in globalization and the I.T. revolution, the best jobs will require workers to have more and better education to make themselves above average.In a world where average is officially over, there are many things we need to do to support employment, but nothing would be more important than passing some kind of G.I.Bill for the 21st century that ensures that every American has access to poet-high school education.21. The joke in Paragraph 1 is used to illustrate_______.[A] the impact of technological advances[B] the alleviation of job pressure[C] the shrinkage of textile mills[D] the decline of middle-class incomes22. According to Paragraph 3, to be a successful employee, one has to______[A] work on cheap software[B] ask for a moderate salary[C] adopt an average lifestyle[D] contribute something unique23. The quotation in Paragraph 4 explains that ______[A] gains of technology have been erased[B] job opportunities are disappearing at a high speed[C] factories are making much less money than before[D] new jobs and services have been offered24. According to the author, to reduce unemployment, the most important is_____[A] to accelerate the I.T. revolution[B] to ensure more education for people[C] to advance economic globalization[D] to pass more bills in the 21st century25. Which of the following would be the most appropriate title for the text?[A] New Law Takes Effect[B] Technology Goes Cheap[C] Average Is Over[D] Recession Is BadText 2A century ago, the immigrants from across the Atlantic included settlers and sojourners. Along with the many folks looking to make a permanent home in the United States came those who had no intention to stay, and 7millin people arrived while about 2 million departed. About a quarter of all Italian immigrants, for example, eventually returned to Italy for good. They even had an affectionate nickname, “uccelli di passaggio,” birds of passage.Today, we are much more rigid about immigrants. We divide newcomers into two categories: legal or illegal, good or bad. We hail them as Americans in the making, or our broken immigration system and the long political paralysis over how to fix it. We don’t need more categories, but we need to change the way we think about categories. We need to look beyond strict definitions of legal and illegal. To start, we can recognize the new birds of passage, those living and thriving in the gray areas. We might then begin to solve our immigration challenges.Crop pickers, violinists, construction workers, entrepreneurs, engineers, home health-care aides and physicists are among today’s birds of passage. They are energetic participants in a global economy driven by the flow of work, money and ideas .They prefer to come and go as opportunity calls them , They can manage to have a job in one place and a family in another.With or without permission, they straddle laws, jurisdictions and identities with ease. We need them to imagine the United States as a place where they can be productive for a while without committing themselves to staying forever. We needthem to feel that home can be both here and there and that they can belong to two nations honorably.Accommodating this new world of people in motion will require new attitudes on both sides of the immigration battle .Looking beyond the culture war logic of right or wrong means opening up the middle ground and understanding that managing immigration today requires multiple paths and multiple outcomes. Including some that are not easy to accomplish legally in the existing system.26 “Birds of passage” refers to those who____.[A] immigrate across the Atlantic[B] leave their home countries for good[C] stay in a foreign temporarily[D]find permanent jobs overseas27 It is implied in paragraph 2 that the current immigration system in the US ____.[A] needs new immigrant categories[B] has loosened control over immigrants[C] should be adopted to meet challenges[D] has been fixed via political means28 According to the author, today’s birds of passage want___[A] financial incentives.[B] a global recognition.[C] opportunities to get regular jobs.[D]the freedom to stay and leave.29 The author suggests that the birds of passage today should be treated __[A] as faithful partners.[B] with economic favors.[C] with regal tolerance.[D]as mighty rivals.30 which is the best title of the passage?[A] come and go: big mistake[B] living and thriving : great risk[C] with or without : great risk[D]legal or illegal: big mistakeText 3Scientists have found that although we are prone to snap overreactions, if we take a moment and think about how we are likely to react, we can reduce or even eliminate the negative effects of our quick, hard-wired responses.Snap decisions can be important defense mechanisms; if we are judging whether someone is dangerous, our brains and bodies are hard-wired to react very quickly, within milliseconds. But we need more time to assess other factors. To accurately tell whether someone is sociable, studies show, we need at least a minute, preferably five. It takes a while to judge complex aspects of personality, like neuroticism or open-mindedness.But snap decisions in reaction to rapid stimuli aren’t exclusive to the interpersonal realm. Psychologists at the University of Toronto found that viewing a fast-food logo for just a few milliseconds primes us to read 20 percent faster, even though reading has little to do with eating. We unconsciously associate fast food with speed and impatience and carry those impulses into whatever else we’re doing, Subjects exposed to fast-food flashes also tend to think a musical piece lasts too long.Yet we can reverse such influences. If we know we will overreact to consumer products or housing options when we see a happy face (one reason good sales representatives and real estate agents are always smiling), we can take a moment before buying. If we know female job screeners are more likely to reject attractive female applicants, we can help screeners understand their biases-or hire outside screeners.John Gottman, the marriage expert, explains that we quickly “thin slice” information reliably only after we ground such s nap reactions in “thick sliced” long-term study. When Dr. Gottman really wants to assess whether a couple will stay together, he invites them to his island retreat for a muck longer evaluation; two days, not two seconds.Our ability to mute our hard-wired reactions by pausing is what differentiates us from animals: doge can think about the future only intermittently or for a few minutes. But historically we have spent about 12 percent of our days contemplating the longer term. Although technology might chan ge the way we react, it hasn’t changed our nature. We still have the imaginative capacity to rise above temptation and reverse the high-speed trend.31. The time needed in making decisions may____.[A] vary according to the urgency of the situation[B] prove the complexity of our brain reaction[C] depend on the importance of the assessment[D] predetermine the accuracy of our judgment32. Our reaction to a fast-food logo shows that snap decisions____.[A] can be associative[B] are not unconscious[C] can be dangerous[D] are not impulsive33. To reverse the negative influences of snap decisions, we should____.[A] trust our first impression[B] do as people usually do[C] think before we act[D] ask for expert advice34. John Gottman says that reliable snap reaction are based on____.[A] critical assessment[B]‘thin sliced’ study[C] sensible explanation[D] adequate information35. The author’s attitude toward reversing the high-speed trend is____.[A] tolerant[B] uncertain[C] optimistic[D] doubtfulText 4Europe is not a gender-equality heaven. In particular, the corporate workplace will never be completely family—friendly until women are part of senior management decisions, and Europe’s top corporate-governance positions remain overwhelmingly male. Indeed, women hold only 14 percent of positions on Europe corporate boards.The Europe Union is now considering legislation to compel corporate boards to maintain a certain proportion of women-up to 60 percent. This proposed mandate was born of frustration. Last year, Europe Commission Vice President Viviane Reding issued a call to voluntary action. Reding invited corporations to sign up for gender balance goal of 40 percent female board membership. But her appeal was considered a failure: only 24 companies took it up.Do we need quotas to ensure that women can continue to climb the corporate Ladder fairy as they balance work and family?“Personally, I don’t like quotas,” Reding said recently. “But i like what the quotas do.” Quotas get action: they “o pen the way to equality and they break through the glass ceiling,” according to Reding, a result seen in France and other countries with legally binding provisions on placing women in top business positions.I understand Reding’s reluctance-and her frustra tion. I don’t like quotas either; they run counter to my belief in meritocracy, government by the capable.Bur, when one considers the obstacles to achieving the meritocratic ideal, it does look as if a fairer world must be temporarily ordered.After all, four decades of evidence has now shown that corporations in Europe as the US are evading the meritocratic hiring and promotion of women to top position—no matter how much “soft pressure ” is put upon them. When women do break through to the summit of corporate power--as, for example, Sheryl Sandberg recently did at Facebook—they attract massive attention precisely because they remain the exception to the rule.If appropriate pubic policies were in place to help all women—whether CEOs or their children’s ca regivers—and all families, Sandberg would be no more newsworthy than any other highly capable person living in a more just society.36. In the European corporate workplace, generally_____.[A] women take the lead[B] men have the final say[C] corporate governance is overwhelmed[D] senior management is family-friendly37. The European Union’s intended legislation is ________.[A] a reflection of gender balance[B] a reluctant choice[C] a response to Reding’s call[D] a voluntary action38. According to Reding, quotas may help women ______.[A] get top business positions[B] see through the glass ceiling[C] balance work and family[D] anticipate legal results39. The author’s attitude toward Reding’s appeal is one of _________.[A] skepticism[B] objectiveness[C] indifference[D] approval40. Women entering top management become headlines due to the lack of ______.[A] more social justice[B] massive media attention[C] suitable public policies[D] greater “soft pressure”Part BDirections:You are going to read a list of headings and a text. Choose the most suitable heading from the list A-F for each numbered paragraph (41-45).Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET1. (10 points)The hugely popular blog the Skint Foodie chronicles how Tony balances his love of good food with living on benefits. After bills, Tony has £60 a week to spend, £40 of which goes on food, but 10 years ago he was earning £130,000 a I year working in corporate communications and eating at London's betft restaurants'" at least twice a week. Then his marriage failed, his career burned out and his drinking became serious. "The community mental health team saved my life. And I felt like that again, to a certain degree, when people responded to the blog so well. It gave me the validation and confidence that I'd lost. But it's still a day-by-day thing." Now he's living in a council flat and fielding offers from literary agents. He's feeling positive, but he'll carry on blogging - not about eating as cheaply as you can - "there are so many people in a much worse state, with barely any money to spend on food" - but eating well on a budget. Here's his advice for economical foodies.[A] Live like a peasant[B] Balance your diet[C] Shopkeepers are your friends[D] Remember to treat yourself[E] Stick to what you need[F] Planning is everything[G] Waste not, want not41._____________________Impulsive spending isn't an option, so plan your week's menu in advance, making shopping lists for your ingredients in their exact quantities. I have an Excel template for a week of breakfast, lunch and dinner. Stop laughing: it's not just cost effective but helps you balance your diet. It's also a good idea to shop daily instead of weekly, because, being-human, you'll sometimes change your mind about what you fancy.42____________________________________________________________This is where supermarkets and their anonymity come in handy. With them, there's not the same embarrassment as when buying one carrot in a little greengrocer. And if you plan properly, you'll know that you only need, say, 350g of shin of beef and six rashers of bacon, not whatever weight is pre-packed in the supermarket chiller. 43_________You may proudly claim to only have frozen peas in the freezer - that's not good enough. Mine is filled with leftovers, bread, stock, meat and fish. Planning ahead should eliminate wastage, but if you have surplus vegetables you'll do a vegetable soup, and all fruits threatening to "go off' will be cooked or juiced.44___________________________________Everyone says this, but it really is a top tip for frugal eaters. Shop at butchers, delis and fish-sellers regularly, even for small things, and be super friendly. Soon you'll feel comfortable asking if they've any knuckles of ham for soups and stews, or beef bones, chicken carcasses and fish heads for stock which, more often than not, They will let you have for free.45__________________You won't be eating out a lot, but save your pennies and once every few months treat yourself to a set lunch at a good restaurant - £ 1.75 a week for three months gives you £21 - more than" enough for a three-course lunch at Michelin-starred Arbutus. It's £16.95 there - or £12.99 for a large pizza from Domino's: I know which I'd rather eat.Section III TranslationDirections:Translate the following text from English into Chinese. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET 2. (15 points)I can pick a date from the past 53 years and know instantly where I was, what happened in the news and even the day of the week. I’ve been able to do this since I was four.I never feel overwhelmed with the amount of information my brain absorbs my mind seems to be able to cope and the information is stored away reatly. When I think of a sad memory, I do what everyone does- try to put it to one side. I don’t think it’s harder for me just because my memory is clearer. Powerful memory doesn’t make my emotions any more acute or vivid. I can recall the day my grandfather died and the sadness I felt when we went to the hospital the day before. I also remember that the musical play Hair opened on the Broadway on the same day- they both just pop into my mind in the same way.Section IV Writing47. Suppose your class is to hold a charity sale foe kids in need of help. Write your classmates an email to1) inform them about the details and encourage them to participate .2) Don’t use your own name, use “Li Ming” instead. Don’t write your address.(10 points)48 write an essay based on the following chart. In your writing, you should1)interpret the chart and2)give your commentsYou should write about 150 words2013考研英语（二）答案Section I use of English1．【答案】A（However）【解析】空前作者讲到“鉴于电子货币的优势,你也许会认为,我们将快速步入非现金社会,实现完全电子支付。

历年考研英语二真题及答案解析

考研英语(二)真题解析+答案[完整版]Directions:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)In our contemporary culture, the prospect of communicating with – or even looking at – a stranger is virtually unbearable. Everyone around us seems to agree by the way they cling to the phones, even without a __1__ on a subway.It’s a sad reality – our desire to avoid interacting with other human beings –because there’s __2__ to be gained from talking to the stranger standing by you. But you wouldn’t know it, __3__ into your phone. This universal protection sends the __4__:”Please don’t approach me.”What is it that makes us feel we need to hide __5__ our screens?One answer is fear, according to Jon Wortmann, an executive mental coach. We fear rejection, or that our innocent social advances will be __6__ as “weird.” We fear we’ll be __7__. We fear we’ll be disruptive.Strangers are inherently__8__to us, so we are more likely to feel__9__when communicating with them compared with our friends and acquaintances. To avoid this uneasiness, we_ 10_ to our phones.” Phones become our security blanket,” Wortmann says.”They are our happy glasses that protect us from what we perceive is going to be more __11___”But once we rip off the band-aid, tuck our smartphones in our pockets and look up, it doesn’t ___12___so bad. In one 2011 experiment, behavioral scientists Nicholas Epley and Juliana Schroeder asked commuters to do the unthinkable: Start a __13___. They had Chicago train commuters talk to their fellow __14___.”When Dr. Epley and Ms.Schroeder asked other people in the same train station to __15___how they would feel after talking to a stranger, the commuters thought their __16___ would be more pleasant if they sat on their own,” The New York Times summarizes. Though the participants didn’t expect a positive experience, after they __17__with the experiment,” not a single person reported having been embarrassed”__18__, these commutes were reportedly more enjoyable compared with those without communication, whichmakes absolute sense, ___19___human beings thrive off of social connections. It’s that ___20___: Talking to strangers can make you feel connected.选项及答案：1. [A]signal [B]permit [C]ticket [D]record2. [A]nothing [B]little [C]another [D]much3. [A]beaten [B]guided [C]plugged [D]brought4. [A]sign [B]code [C]notice [D]message5. [A]under [B]behind [C]beyond [D]from6. [A]misapplied [B]mismatched [C]misadjusted [D]misinterpreted7. [A]replaced [B]fired [C]judged [D]delayed8. [A]unreasonable [B]ungrateful [C]unconventional [D]unfamiliar9. [A]comfortable [B]confident [C]anxious [D]angry10. [A]attend [B]point [C]take [D]turn11. [A]dangerous [B]mysterious [C]violent [D]boring12. [A]hurt [B]resist [C]bend [D]decay13. [A]lecture [B]conversation [C]debate [D]negotiation14. [A]passengers [B]employees [C]researchers [D]trainees15. [A]reveal [B]choose [C]predict [D]design16. [A]voyage [B]ride [C]walk [D]flight17. [A]went through [B]did away [C]caught up [D]put up18. [A]In turn [B]In fact [C]In particular [D]In consequence19. [A]unless [B]since [C]if [D]whereas20. [A]funny [B]logical [C]simple [D]rare[page]原文及答案：While the subway's arrival may be ambiguous, one thing about your commute is certain: No one wants to talk to each other. In our contemporary culture, the prospect of communicating with -- or even looking at -- a stranger is virtually unbearable. Everyone around us seems to agree by the way they fiddle with their phones, even without a 1 signal underground.It's a sad reality -- our desire to avoid interacting with other human beings -- because there's 2 much to be gained from talking to the stranger standing by you. But you wouldn't know it,3 plugged into your phone. This universal armor sends the 4 message: 'Please don't approach me.'What is it that makes us feel we need to hide 5 behind our screens?One answer is fear, according to Jon Wortmann, executive mental coach and author of 'Hijacked by Your Brain: How to Free Yourself When Stress Takes Over.' We fear rejection, or that our innocent social advances will be 6 misinterpreted as 'creepy,' he told The Huffington Post. We fear we'll be 7 judged. We fear we'll be disruptive.Strangers are inherently8 unfamiliar to us, so we are more likely to feel 9 anxious when communicating with them compared with our friends and acquaintances. To avoid this anxiety, we 10 turn to our phones. 'Phones become our security blanket,' Wortmann says. 'They are our happy glasses that protect us from what we perceive is going to be more 11 dangerous.'But once we rip off the bandaid, tuck our smartphones in our pockets and look up, it doesn't12 hurt so bad. In one 2011 experiment, behavioral scientists Nicholas Epley and Juliana Schroeder asked commuters to do the unthinkable: Start a 13 conversation. The duo had Chicago train commuters talk to their fellow14 passengers. 'When Dr. Epley and Ms. Schroeder asked other people in the same train station to15 predict how they would feel after talking to a stranger, the commuters thought their16 ride would be more pleasant if they sat on their own,' the New York Times summarizes. Though the participants didn't expect a positive experience, after they17 went through with the experiment, 'not a single person reported having been snubbed.'18 In fact, these commutes were reportedly more enjoyable compared with those sans communication, which makes absolute sense, 19 since human beings thrive off of social connections. It's that 20 simple: Talking to strangers can make you feel connected. The train ride is a fortuity for social connection -- 'the stuff of life,' Wortmann says. Even seemingly trivial interactions can boost mood and increase the sense of belonging. A study similar in hypothesis to Eply and Schroder's published in Social Psychological & Personality Science asked participants to smile, make eye contact and chatwith their cashier. Those who engaged with the cashier experienced better moods -- and even reported a better shopping experience than those who avoided superfluous conversation.分析：文章节选自2014.5.16 赫芬顿邮报，难度与2014/2013持平，明显比模考时的文章容易。

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SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:ReadthefollowingteGt.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankand markA,B,CorDonANSWERSHEET.(10points)Thinnerisn’talwaysbetter.Anumberofstudieshave__1___thatnormal-weightpeoplearei nfactathigherriskofsomediseasescomparedtothosewhoareoverweight.An dtherearehealthconditionsforwhichbeingoverweightisactually___2___.For eGample,heavierwomenarelesslikelytodevelopcalciumdeficiencythanthin women.___3___amongtheelderly,beingsomewhatoverweightisoftenan___ 4___ofgoodhealth.Ofevengreater___5___isthefactthatobesityturnsouttobeverydifficulttodefi ne.Itisoftendefined___6___bodymassindeG,orBMI.BMI___7__bodymassdiv idedbythesquareofheight.AnadultwithaBMIof18to25isoftenconsideredto benormalweight.Between25and30isoverweight.Andover30isconsideredo bese.Obesity,___8___,canbedividedintomoderatelyobese,severelyobese,a ndveryseverelyobese.Whilesuchnumericalstandardsseem9,theyarenot.Obesityisprobablylessa matterofweightthanbodyfat.SomepeoplewithahighBMIareinfacteGtreme lyfit,10otherswithalowBMImaybeinpoor11.ForeGample,manycollegiatea ndprofessionalfootballplayers12asobese,thoughtheirpercentagebodyfatislow.Conversely,someonewithasmallframemayhavehighbodyfatbuta13B MI.Todaywehavea(an)_14_tolabelobesityasadisgrace.Theoverweightaresom etimes_15_inthemediawiththeirfacescovered.Stereotypes_16_withobesity includelaziness,lackofwillpower,andlowerprospectsforsuccess.Teachers,e mployers,andhealthprofessionalshavebeenshowntoharborbiasesagainstt heobese._17_veryyoungchildrentendtolookdownontheoverweight,andte asingaboutbodybuildhaslongbeenaprobleminschools.Negativeattitudestowardobesity,_18_inhealthconcerns,havestimulatedan umberofanti-obesity_19_.Myownhospitalsystemhasbannedsugarydrinksf romitsfacilities.Manyemployershaveinstitutedweightlossandfitnessinitiati ves.MichelleObamalaunchedahigh-visibilitycampaign_20_childhoodobes ity,evenclaimingthatitrepresentsourgreatestnationalsecuritythreat.1.[A]denied[B]conduced[C]doubled[D]ensured、【答案】Bconcluded【解析】题干中，一系列的研究已经_____，事实上，正常体重的人的患病风险要高于超重的人。

根据句义，后面的部分实际上是研究的结论，因此concluded符合题意，其他选项denied(否认)与意义相反，doubled(翻倍)与题意较远，ensured(确保)不符合题意，因为研究不能确保后面的事实，只能得出后面的事实作为结论。

所以正确答案为B。

2.[A]protective[B]dangerous[C]sufficient[D]troublesome、【答案】Aprotective【解析】题干中，对于某些健康情况，超重事实上是有_____。

根据前文研究的结论，超重能减少罹患疾病的风险，说明超重具有一定的保护作用。

Dangerous和文章意思相反，sufficient表示充足，troublesome表示有麻烦，不符合题意，所以正确答案为A。

3.[A]Instead[B]However[C]Likewise[D]Therefore、【答案】Clikewise【解析】第三句话中，较重的女人患缺钙的比例低于较瘦的女人。

_____，在老年人中，一定程度上超重……。

需要填入的是和前半句表示顺接的词语。

A 选项instead表示逆接的句意关系，B选项however也表示逆接，D选项therefore表示因此，只有C选项likewise意为同样地;也，而且。

因此正确答案为C。

4.[A]indicator[B]objective[C]origin[D]eGample、【答案】Aindicator【解析】本句话中，_____，一定程度上超重，经常是健康的_____。

A选项，表示指示器，指标。

B选项objective表示客观;C选项origin表示来源，D选项eGample表示例子。

根据前面的文章内容，已经明确指出超重代表了健康，因此超重是健康的指标。

因此正确答案为A。

5.[A]impact[B]relevance[C]assistance[D]concern、【答案】Dconcern【解析】本句话的句意是，需要更加_____是，很难对肥胖加以定义。

A、impact(印象);B、relevance(相关性);C、assistance(辅助);D、concern(关注)。

前文已经说到肥胖事实上有利健康，但是又面临一个问题，到底如何去定义肥胖，因此需要更加关注的是对肥的定义，其他选项均不符合题意，所以正确答案为D。

6.[A]intermsof[B]incaseof[C]infavorof[D]inof、【答案】Aintermsof【解析】题干中,肥胖经常______体质指数，或称为BMI来定义。

A、intermsof，根据……，就……而言。

B、Incaseof表示在某种情况下，C、infavorof表示赞成，以……来取代，D、inrespectof，关于……。

因此正确答案为A。

在医学研究和临床测试中经常使用BMI作为衡量受试者健康的重要指标，希望考生能够记住这一背景知识，方便日后做题。

7.[A]measures[B]determines[C]equals[D]modifies、【答案】Cequals【解析】本题题干中BMI_____体重除以身高的平方，这里是用文字叙述了BMI指数得出的方法，也就是一个数学公式，所以equal符合题意。

Ameasure(测量)、Bdetermine表示确定;Dmodify(修订)。

句义就是BMI等于体重除以身高的平方。

8.[A]inessence[B]incontrast[C]inturn[D]inpart、【答案】Cinturn【解析】本题题干中，肥胖_____能够分成中度肥胖、重度肥胖和极度肥胖。

A、inessence(事实上、实际上);B、incontrast(相反地);C、inturn(依次);D、inpart(部分地)。

本句是将肥胖依次分级，所以正确答案为C。

9.[A]complicated[B]conservative[C]variable[D]straightforward、【答案】Dstraightforward【解析】题干中，相比之下，这样的数字标准看起来_____，实际上不是的。

A、complicated(复杂);B、conservative(保守)、C、variable(可变的);D、straightforward(直截了当);这里的数字标准指的就是肥胖指数，肥胖指数分为三类，而且算法比较简单，所以A复杂不正确，B选项保守，用于描述一种数学公式，不恰当，一名患者或一名受试者的BMI一般是确定的，因此可变的也不符合题意，D选项straightforward表示直截了当，符合题意，因此正确答案为D。

?????? 10.[A]so[B]unlike[C]since[D]unless【答案】Bwhile【解析】本句中，一些人有很高的BMI，实际上身材正好，_____其他人有较低的BMI指数，可能_____。

从前半句我们可以看出，有些人的BMI指数很高，应该属于体重肥胖的人，事实上身材正好，这里说明的是反常的现象，后半句是其他人的BMI指数较低，而_____较差。

A、so(所以);B、while(而);C、since(因为);D、unless(除非)四个选项中只有while有转折的含义，其他选项均不符合题意，所以正确答案为B。

11.[A]shape[B]spirit[C]balance[D]taste、【答案】Ashape【解析】本题可以简化为：Some…arefit,whileothers…maybeinpoor.不难看出，前后意义相反，且fit(体型健康)与inpoor对应，与之最相关是Ashape(外形)，故为正确答案。

"精神"、"均衡"、"品味"都相差比较远，可以排除。

12.[A]start[B]quality[C]retire[D]stay12、【答案】Bqualify【解析】本题顺应前文意义：有一些人体型很好，有些人体型体型肥胖。