英语构词法讲解及专项练习
高中英语词汇构词法分析练习题40题
高中英语词汇构词法分析练习题40题1<背景文章>Prefixes are an important part of English word formation. A prefix is a group of letters that is added to the beginning of a word to change its meaning. For example, the prefix "un-" means "not." So, "happy" becomes "unhappy" which means not happy. Prefixes can also change the part of speech of a word. For instance, the prefix "re-" can turn a verb into another verb with the meaning of "again." As in "build" and "rebuild." There are many common prefixes in English such as "pre-," "post-," "mis-," "dis-," and "over-." Each prefix has its own specific meaning and usage. Prefixes help us expand our vocabulary and understand the meanings of words more easily.1. The prefix "pre-" means ______.A. afterB. beforeC. wrongD. again答案：B。
2024新高考英语复习构词法
悲伤的:sorrow—sorrowful
高雅的:grace—graceful
可耻的:shame—shameful
-less
无,不
无成效的:fruit—fruitless
无意义的:meaning—meaningless
不痛的:pain—painless
坐立不安的:rest—restless
无望的:hope—hopeless
2.形容词转换为副词
后缀 -ly
意义 以……方式
例词
绝对地:absolute—absolutely
仅仅:bare—barely
真诚地:sincere—sincerely
事实上,真实地:actual—actually
最后:eventual—eventually
很少:rare—rarely
批评性地:critical—critically
具有……特 性的;与…… 有关的
实际的:practice—practical
偶然的:accident—accidental
符合逻辑的:logic—logical
职业的:profession—professional
面部的:face—facial
金融的:finance—financial
有益的:benefit—beneficial
系统的:system—systematic 有同情心的:sympathy—sympathetic
戏剧性的:drama—dramatic
悲观的:pessimism—pessimistic
热心的:enthusiasm—enthusiastic
乐观的:optimism—optimistic
科学的:science—scientific
英语构词法讲解及相关练习
英语构词法讲解及相关练习⾼中英语构词法讲解与练习在英语中，词的构成⽅式主要有三种：派⽣、合成、和转化。
⼀、派⽣Derivation注意：-ese, -ian, -ist 既可以构成名词，⼜可以构成形容词。
⽅式：1. 直接写在⼀起。
2. ⽤连字符(-)连接。
3. 由两个分开的词构成。
(5)合成代词whoever,, whatever, everyone, nobody, myself, something, anything,三、转化Conversion: 指⼀个词不变化词形，⽽由⼀种此类转化为另⼀种词类或⼏种词类。
1. 名词和动词之间的转化telephone电话——打电话, mirror镜⼦——像镜⼦⼀样反映, drink喝——饮料, record录⾳——记录, name, date, hand, study,2. 形容词转化为动词perfect完美的——使完善3.名词转化为形容词(副词) front前⾯——前⾯的4.形容词转化为名词chief 主要的——⾸领巩固练习Ⅰ⽤适当的形式填空。
1. The mother didn’t know why her daughter was crying _______. (noise)2. He was one of the best _______ in yesterday’s football match. (play)3. Look! How ______ Kate is laughing! (happy)4. It snowed _____ last night and now the streets are covered with snow. (heavy)5. Edison was a great ______. During his life he had many ______. (invent)6. More and more _____ have come to visit China over these years. （foreign）7. We want _________ reasons for your failure to help. (satisfy)8. Please give me some reference work. It will ______ my task. (simple)9. The doctor said that Mary’s mother needed an _______.(operate)10. Thank you for your _________. (kind)11When in Rome, do as the _____ do. (Rome)12. The teacher was pleased with her _______. (honest)Ⅱ.单选1. That man was ________enough not to tell the manager that he would not do the job.A. careB. carefulC. carelessD. carelessness2. The soldier died for saving the child，so his________ is heavier than Mount Tai.A. dieB. deadC. diedD. death3. The three- ________chair isn’t suitable for a young child. He may fall off.A. leggingB. leggedC. legsD. leged4.When the teacher praised him for working out the maths problem，Jack looked________about at his classmates. A. proud B. proudly C. pride D. pridely5.To everyone’s ________，the girl finished the job quite well.A. satisfiedB. satisfactoryC. satisfyingD. satisfaction6.—What are you doing here?—Oh，my teacher asked me to write a passage about ________in English.—You can write________passage in English?A. 600 words；a 600-wordsB. 600-word；a 600-wordsC. 600 words；a 600-wordD. 600 words；a 600-words7. No one should enter the spot without the________of the police.A. permitB. permissionC. permittingD. permittence8. You must come with us to the police ________.Our head is waiting for you.A. headquartersB. headlineC. headmasterD. headache9.Letting that animal escape was no accident；you did it ________.A. intendB. intentionC. intentionallyD. intentional10. The shop owner welcomed all the guests with a________smile.A. practiceB. practiceC. practicalD. practiced11. My TV is out of order. Can you tell me what is the________news about Iraq War?A. latelyB. latestC. laterD. latter12. Canada is mainly an________country.A. English-speakingB. speak-EnglishC. spoken-EnglishD. English-spoken13. How________ he is! He is always acting________.He is really a ________.A. foolish；foolishly；foolB. fool；foolish；foolC. foolish；fool；foolD. foolishly；foolish；fool14. The necklace that she lost is very expensive. It’s of great ________.15. We have to learn ________technology from other countries.A. advanceB. advancingC. advantageD. advanced16. The children live in a village ________.They come here almost every day.A. nearbyB. nearC. nearlyD. near by17.You’d better give up smoking if you want to keep ________.A. healthB. healthyC. healthilyD. healthier18.________ speaking，I di dn’t do it on purpose.A. HonestlyB. HonestC. HonestyD. DishonestⅢ.根据上下⽂语境和提⽰的⾸字母，在划线处写出⼀个合适的词。
高中英语词汇构词法分析练习题50题带答案
高中英语词汇构词法分析练习题50题带答案1.The blackboard is in the front of the classroom. “blackboard” is a(n) _____.posite wordpound wordC.blended wordD.derived word答案：B。
解析：“blackboard”是由“black”（黑色）和“board”（板）两个独立的词组合而成的复合词（compound word）。
A 选项composite word 一般指合成词，范围比较宽泛；C 选项blended word 指混合词，是通过把两个词的部分组合在一起形成的新单词；D 选项derived word 是派生词，通过加前缀或后缀形成。
2.The football player is very strong. “football” is a(n) _____.posite wordpound wordC.blended wordD.derived word答案：B。
解析：“football”是由“foot”（脚）和“ball”（球）两个词组合而成的复合词。
A 选项composite word 一般指合成词，范围比较宽泛；C 选项blended word 指混合词，是通过把两个词的部分组合在一起形成的新单词；D 选项derived word 是派生词，通过加前缀或后缀形成。
3.The bookcase is made of wood. “bookcase” is a(n) _____.posite wordpound wordC.blended wordD.derived word答案：B。
解析：“bookcase”是由“book”（书）和“case”（箱子）两个词组合而成的复合词。
A 选项composite word 一般指合成词，范围比较宽泛；C 选项blended word 指混合词，是通过把两个词的部分组合在一起形成的新单词；D 选项derived word 是派生词，通过加前缀或后缀形成。
第18讲 构词法(课件)-中考英语一轮复习讲练测(全国通用)_1
夯基·必备基础知识
转化法: 在词行不变的情况下，一个单词由一种词性转换成 另一种词性，称为转换(conversion)。转换后的词义与转换前 的词义通常有密切的联系，但有时差异也很大。 缩写和简写：是一个单词或短语的缩写形式，去掉一些字母 或只使用每个单词的第一个字母。
photo-photograph,USA -The United States of America
前 意义
例子
缀
ly 以…… happily高兴地，quickly迅速地，
方式 freely自由地，politely有礼貌地
- 表示方 northward(s)向北，downward(s)向下
war 向
，forward(s)向前
d(s)
ed 状况、心 情等
ing 描述事物
al 与……有 关的
ic ……的 ical en 表示材料 ern 表示方位
复合形容词 worldwide全世界的，homesick想家的，handmade手工制作的 ，kindhearted热心肠的，easygoing随和的，goodlooking好看的 ，hardworking勤勉的，wellknown著名的，newlybuilt新建的
复合动词 复合副词 复合代词
overcome克服，underline画线，oversleep睡过头，sleepwalk梦 游 upstairs在楼上，indoors在室内，outdoors在室外，however无 论如何
uncover, untie, unlock, undress
加在形容词或其派生 的名词或副词前
inexpensive, incomplete, irregular, impolite, impossible.
构词法知识要点与练习
Chapter 4 Word FormationPart I：知识要点The expansion of vocabulary in modern English depends chiefly on word-formation.Not all the words that are produced by applying the rules are acceptable.Rules only provide a constant set of models from which new words are created from day to day.现代英语词汇的扩充主要依靠构词法。
并不是所有应用规则产生的单词都是可接受的。
规则只提供了一组固定的模型，从这些模型中可以日复一日地创建新单词。
Rules themselves are not fixed but undergo changes.affixation 30%-40%，compounding 28%-30%，conversion 26%，shortening 8%-10% ，(clipping and acronymy) blending and others 1%-5%1.AffixationAffixation (也叫Derivation)：the formation of words by adding word forming or derivational affixes to stems. ( derivative 派生词)According to their position，affixation falls into：prefixation (前缀法)and suffixation (后缀法). I.l. Prefixation ----------- t he formation of new words by adding prefixes to stems. Itdoes not change the word-class of the stem but change its meaning.通过在词干上加前缀来形成新词。
第07讲 构词法(练习)(解析版)
【解析】考查副词。句意：人们相信，通过适当布置事物，可以和谐自然界的能量。此处需要一个副词修饰动词arranging，因此使用appropriately“适当地”，作状语。故填appropriately。
3.（2024·辽宁六校联考）Apart from this, existing examples of ancient Chinese architecture are also(wide) praised for its elegant outlines and various features, such as overhanging eaves(屋檐), upturned roof corners, and different shapesof roofs.
【答案】magnificently
【解析】考查副词。句意：这艘船出来时气势恢宏，其形状和特征具有闽北特色。提示词修饰动词短语comes out，用副词magnificently作状语，意为“壮丽地，宏伟地”。故填magnificently。
6.（2024·江西九江·二模）In 2005, the pattern was(successful)selected as the symbol of China’s cultural heritage to showcase the ancient Chinese people’s wisdomand aspirations.
【答案】globally
【解析】考查副词。句意：展望未来，我们将抓住机遇，继续走在共建“一带一路”前列，为全球提供更多高水平绿色能源。分析句子可知，空处修饰动词provide，用副词作状语。故填globally。
2.（2024·浙江·二模）It is believed that by arranging things(appropriate), one can haronize the energies of the natural world.
高中语法：12-构词法(含答案)
CONTENTS
1
第十二讲 构词法
01 转化法 02 派生法 03 合成法 04 其他法 05 针对训练
1. 动词转化为名词 | 2.名词转化为动词 | 3. 形容词 转化为动词 | 4. 形容词转化为名词
1. 前缀 | 2. 后缀
1. 合成名词 | 2. 合成形容词 | 3. 合成动词 | 4.合成 副词
7
目录
PART TWO
派生法
8
二、派生法
在词根前面加前缀或在词根后面加后缀构成一个与原单词意义相近或截然相反的新 词叫作派生法。除少数前缀外，前缀一般改变单词的意义，不改变词性；后缀一般 改变词类，很少引起词义的变化。
9
目录
二、派生法
1 前缀
(1)表示否定意义的前缀
常见的有dis，un-，im-，in-，il，ir，mis，non 等，在单词的前面加这类前缀常
1. 截短法 | 2. 混合法 | 3. 首字母缩略法
I. 单句语法填空 | II. 单句改错 | III. 翻译句子 | IV. 语法填空 | V. 短文改错
目录
转化法
PART ONE
2
一、 转化法
英语中，有的名词可作动词，有的形容词可作副词或动词，这种把一种词性用 作另一种词性而词形不变的方法叫做转化法。
28
目录
针对训练
29
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空
1．Recent studies show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks ___r_e_g_u_l_a_rl_y____ (regular)．(2016·全国卷Ⅱ) 2．In addition to their simple beauty，what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their _____a_b_il_it_y_____ (able) to “air condition” a house without using electric equipment.(2015·全国卷Ⅱ) 3 ． The river was so polluted that it ____a_c_t_u_a_ll_y____ (actual) caught fire and burned.(2014·全国卷Ⅰ) 4．There were many people waiting at the bus stop，and some of them looked very anxious and __d_is_a_p_p_o_i_n_t_e_d__ (disappoint)．(2014·全国卷Ⅱ) 5．___O__b_v_io_u_s_l_y___ (obvious)，the story is not true，but the festival is interesting.
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构词法WordFormation
在英语中，词的构成方式主要有三种：合成、转化和派生。
一、合成Compounding两个或更多的词合成一个词。
方式：1.直接写在一起。
2.用连字符(-)连接。
3.由两个分开的词构成。
(5)合成代词whoever,,whatever,everyone,nobody,myself,something,anything,
二、派生Derivation
三、转化Conversion:指一个词不变化词形，而由一种此类转化为另一种词类或几种词类。
1.名词和动词之间的转化
telephone电话——打电话,mirror镜子——像镜子一样反映,drink喝——饮料,record录音——记录,name,date,hand,study,
2.形容词转化为动词perfect完美的——使完善
3.名词转化为形容词(副词)front前面——前面的
4.形容词转化为名词chief主要的——首领
语法填空之构词法专项练习
）
uck)
12.Thebigearthquakemadethousandsofpeople________(home).
13.I'mverycarefulnottogiveoutmy________(person)information.
14.Tohis______(puzzle),hissonwas___(happy)hammeringdents(凹痕)intotheshinypaintofthetruck.
15.WhileyourIQtellsyouhow______(intelligence)youare,……
16.Dietandexerciseare__________(equal)important.
17.Ifeltagreatsenseof___________（achieve）whenIreachedthetopofthemountain.
18.ThepolicesuccessfullyarrestedRichardMatt,whowasoneofthecountry’
h.
e)
ent)?
（foreign）?
27.?We?want?_________?reasons?for?your?failure?to?help.?(satisfy)?
28.?The?doctor?said?that?Mary’s?mo ther?needed?an?_______.(operate)?
29.?The?teacher?was?pleased?with?her?_______.?(honest)?
30.?The?police?have?_______?a?plot?against?the?President.?(cover)。