2021年6月英语四级真题答案(卷一)
2021年6月英语四级真题答案(卷一)Part I WritingReturn to the societyPart II Reading comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)1. What is the reason that we fail to attend to our family financial well-being?[D] We think it needn’t be dealt with immediately.2. We work out a budget in order to .[A] avoid unnecessary spending3. What is the advantage of the retirement savings?[B] Employees can get money as the retirement savings from their employers.4. It’s good for us to have some cash on hand to .[C] cope with sudden and serious situations5. Which group of people is advised to hold a health insurance?[D] Those who are less than 65 years old.6. The money you get from the disability insurance through the employee benefits plan is .[A] not enough for a decent living7. What can a life insurance do to a child?[B] It offers timely money for the funeral if the child dies.8. According to Karin Barkhorn, the government has to decide how to arrange a person’s assets if he dies without a will.9. Once a person loses the ability to do things, a living will is a reliable document for required medical measures.10. Under your durable power of attorney, if you are unable,a person can be given the authority to make financial decisions for you.Part III Listening ComprehensionSection A11. [A] Play the music more quietly.12. [B] The professor may change his mind13. [D] She can’t go on the trip because of academic reasons.14. [D] It’s not certain whether the trip will take place.15. [D] The woman is applying a job.16. [A] She is unhappy with the man’s promises.17. [B] He wants to make sure that Mr. Smith will see him.18. [D] The man is unwilling to take a look at the houses for sale.19. [A] She needs some information.20. [C] Home-made candy.21. [B] Tuesday.22. [D] Priority service.23. [D] taking a quick look at an exhibit before lunch.24. [A] Through signs.25. [C] His social status.Section BPassage One26. [C] People differ from each other in facial features.27. [B] Learn to recognize human faces.28. [A] Movie actors.29. [D] People differ in their behaviors and physical characteristics.Passage Two30.[B]**************.nz.31. [C] $8,000.32. [D] See a doctor at the school Medical Centre.Passage Three33. [D] Human beings can make anything stand for anything by agreement.34. [B] Our culture determines what a symbol stands for.35. [C] Words are not necessarily connected with the thingsthey stand for.Section C36. variety37. response38. usual39. approach40.discovered41. lengthy42. surveyed43. possible44. A list is then presented to the advisory committee which meets about once a month45. If the committee likes the list, it sends it up to the board of directors which makes the final decision46. So there’s a possibility that a stamp might be designed, but still never actually go into circulationPart IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) Section A47. [N] mystery48. [B] sounds49. [J] upon50. [E] combined51. [I] down52. [L] or53. [G] associations54. [M] filled55. [C] longer56. [H] recallPassage One57. What do we learn about African elephants from the passage?[A] It is difficult for people to tame them.58. Thailand was once called “Land of the White Elephant”because .[D] white elephant was a national symbol until the 1920s59. According to the passage, why is the Thai elephant “out of work”?[C] The elephants are no longer useful to their owners.60. What is said about Thailand’s elephant population at various times?[B] Today the elephant population is estimated at 5,150.61. The passage is most probably from .[C] a research reportPassage Two62. What does Wordsworth mean by “habit rules the unreflecting herd” (Line 2, Para.1)?[C] Habit is characterized by being mechanical.63. What have the researchers discovered about the formation of new habits?[D] They can be guided.64. The word “ruts”(Line 1, Para.4) has closest meaning to .[A] tracks65. Dawna Markova would most probably agree that .[D] curiosity activates creative minds66. Ryan’s comments suggest that the practice of standard testing .[B] prevents new habits from being formedThe human brain is the most complex structure on the universe. It contains 67roughly 100 billion nerve cells, each of 68which has thousands of connections with each other. Their interaction 69controls each of the body’s functions, allows thoughts, perceptions, memories, feelings, and also movement and 70communication. Understanding just how the brain works, in health or in sickness, is one of the 71greatest challenges of our time. What is determined by genes, what is formed byexperience? Scientists are investigating all 72aspects of the nervous system. Great progress can be 73expeeted in visualizing and modeling brain functions, as well as in research into their biological basis. Today, it is 74assumed that 30 to 50 percent of human genes exercise their function 75chiefly in the brain. This gives an 76indication of the complexity of the genetic control and 77development. The cause of many nerve diseases lies in 78defects in genes that play a role in development. Half of all genetic 79diseases affect the nervous system. The brain can only reach its full 80capability through interaction with its 81surroundings. Researchers are examining the interaction of genes and 82experiences with regard to the expression and 83fine-tuning of nerve circuits in the brain. How do nerve cell 84processes find their goal? How do different brain areas develop? How do perceiving85 functions mature? Thanks to research, the prevention and cure of may brain diseases seems possible for the first time. Better knowledge of the way the brain processes 86information could, moreover, make new computers possible.Part VI Translation87. Frankly speaking, I’d rather you didn’t do anything about it (别为这做任何事) for the time being.88. The letter will have been finished (信已经写完了) by the time you come back.89. If he had know this would happen, he would have acted differently (也许会以不同方式行事).90. He was punished lest he make the same mistake again (再次犯同样的错误) .91. Reading between the lines (从字里行间), I would say that the government are more worried that they will admit.。
2021年六月英语四级真题答案
2021年英语四级真题翻译写作答案四级写作解析01第一套写作【题目】Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay titled “Are people becoming addicted to technology?”. The statement given below is for your reference. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Numerous studies claim that addiction to technology is real and it has the same effect on the brain as drug addiction.【破题思路】首段：引出话题和观点中间段：叙述两个科技上瘾的表现，并给出两点解决办法尾段：呼吁人们尽力避免对科技上瘾【范文】Are People Becoming Addicted to Technology?With modern technologies being innovated at a rapid speed, numerous digital gadgets are changing people’s lives in dramatic ways. However, this has indeed led to some people’s addiction to digital products.The people’s addiction to technology is mainly reflected in two ways. First, people depend on digital devices because they bring convenience to daily life. For example, people can make payment on smartphones just by scanning QR codes, which saves them the trouble of carrying a wallet. Second, some video games are too engaging that people with little self-control can hardly drag themselves away from the screen. These people, most of whom are unable to acquire equal level of happiness elsewhere, are more susceptible to technology addiction.As for how to avert such an unwanted trend, we should put forward efficient regulations to encourage a more sensible and controlled use of digital products. Moreover, children should be limited, if not forbidden, to use smartphones and tablets to prevent addiction.In conclusion, over-dependence on digital products is seemingly inescapable yet we should strive to avoid it as much as possible.【范文译文】人们正在对科技上瘾吗？随着现代技术的飞速创新，许多数码设备正在极大程度地改变着人们的生活。
2021年6月大学英语四级真题及答案(全套详解)
2021年6月大学英语四级真题及答案（全套详解）2021年6月大学英语四级真题及答案(多套题及翻译）CET4Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the following topic. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.题目一：Suppose a foreign friend of yours is coming to visit your campus, what is the most interesting place you would like to take him/her to see and why?假设你的一位外国朋友来参观你的校园，你最感兴趣的地方想带他/她去看?为什么?题目二：Suppose a foreign friend of yours is coming to visit your hometown, what is the most interesting place you would like to take him/her to see and why?假设你的一位外国朋友来参观你的家乡，你最感兴趣的地方想带他/她去看?为什么?题目三：Suppose a foreign friend of yours is coming to visit China, whatis the most interesting place you would like to take him/her to see and why?假设你的一位外国朋友来参观中国，你最感兴趣的地方想带他/她去看?为什么?Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes) Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questionswill be asked about what was said. Both theconversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
2021年6月大学英语四级真题及答案(3套全)
2021年6月大学英语四级真题（第1套）Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay titled "Are people becoming addicted to technology?" The statement given below is for your reference. You should write atleast 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)两套听力原文、题目及答案在21页开始。
Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passagethrough carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line throughthe centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Social isolation poses more health risks than obesity or smoking 15 cigarettes a day, according to research published by Brigham Young University. The 26 is that loneliness is a huge, if silent, risk factor.Loneliness affects physical health in two ways. First, it produces stress hormones that can lead to many health problems. Second, people who live alone are less likely to go to the doctor 27, to exercise or to eat a healthy diet.Public health experts in many countries are 28 how to address widespread loneliness in our society. Last year Britain even appointed a minister for loneliness. "Loneliness 29 almost every one of us at some point," its minister for loneliness Baroness Barran said. "It can lead to very serious health 30 for individuals who become isolated and disconnected."Barran started a "Let's Talk Loneliness" campaign that 31 difficult conversations across Britain. He is now supporting 32 benches, "which are public seating areas where people are encouraged to go and chat with one another. The minister is also 33 to stop public transportation from being cut in ways that leave people isolated More than one-fifth of adults in both the United States and Britain said in a 2018 34 hat they often or always feel lonely.More than half of American adults are unmarried, and researchers have found that even among those who are married, 30% of relationships are 35 strained. A quarter of Americans now live alone, and as the song says, one is the loneliest number.A) abruptly E) dimensions I) implication M) splittingB) appointments F) friendly J) pushing N) surveyC) consequences G) hindered K) severely O) touchesD) debating H) idiom L) sparkedSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statementcontains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which theinformation is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is markedwith a letter. Answer the question by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.What happens when a language has no words for numbers?[A] Numbers do not exist in all cultures. There are numberless hunter-gatherers embedded deep in Amazonia,living along branches of the world s largest river tree. Instead of using words for precise quantities, these people rely exclusively on terms analogous to “a few” or “some.”In contrast, our own lives are governed by numbers. As you read this, you are likely aware of what time it is, how old you are, your checking account balance, your weight and so on. The exact (and exacting) numbers we think with impact everything from our schedules to our self-esteem.[B] But, in a historical sense, numerically fixated people like us are the unusual ones. For the bulk of ourspecies’approximately 200,000-year lifespan, we had no means of precisely representing quantities.What’s more, the 7,000 or so languages that exist today vary dramatically in how they utilize numbers. [C] Speakers of a numeric, or numberless, languages offer a window into how the invention of numbersreshaped the human experience. In a new book, I explored the ways in which humans invented numbers, and how numbers subsequently played a critical role in other milestones, from the advent of agriculture to the genesis of writing. Cultures without numbers, or with only one or two precise numbers, include the Munduruku and Piraha in Amazonia. Researchers have also studied some adults in Nicaragua who were never taught number words. Without numbers, healthy human adults struggle to precisely differentiate and recall quantities as low as four. In an experiment, a researcher will place nuts into a can one at a time, then remove them one by one. The person watching is asked to signal when all the nuts have been removed. Responses suggest that anumeric people have some trouble keeping track of how many nuts remain in the can, even if there are only four or five in total.[D] This and many other experiments have converged upon a simple conclusion: When people do not havenumber words, they struggle to make quantitative distinctions that probably seem natural to someone like you or me. While only a small portion of the world s languages are anumeric or nearly anumeric, they demonstrate that number words are not a human universal.[E] It is worth stressing that these anumeric people are cognitively normal, well-adapted to the environs theyhave dominated for centuries. As the child of missionaries, I spent some of my youth living with anumeric indigenous people, the aforementioned Piraha who live along the sinuous banks of the black Maici River. Like other outsiders, I was continually impressed by their superior understanding of the ecology we shared. Yet numberless people struggle with tasks that require precise discrimination between quantities. Perhaps this should be unsurprising. After all, without counting, how can someone tell whether there are, say, seven or eight coconuts in a tree? Such seemingly straightforward distinctions become blurry through numberless eyes.[F] This conclusion is echoed by work with anumeric children in industrialized societies. Prior to beingspoon-fed number words, children can only approximately discriminate quantities beyond three. We must be handed the cognitive tools of numbers before we can consistently and easily recognize higher quantities. In fact, acquiring the exact meaning of number words is a painstaking process that takes children years. Initially, kids learn numbers much like they learn letters. They recognize that numbers are organized sequentially, but have little awareness of what each individual number means. With time, they start to understand that a given number represents a quantity greater by one than the preceding number.This "successor principle" is part of the foundation of our numerical cognition, but requires extensive practice to understand.[G] None of us, then, is really a "numbers person." We are not predisposed to handle quantitative distinctionsadroitly. In the absence of the cultural traditions that infuse our lives with numbers from infancy, we would all struggle with even basic quantitative distinctions. Number words and written numerals transform our quantitative reasoning as they are coaxed into our cognitive experience by our parents, peers and school teachers. The process seems so normal that we sometimes think of it as a natural part of growing up, but it is not. Human brains come equipped with certain quantitative instincts that are refined with age, but these instincts are very limited. For instance, even at birth we are capable of distinguishing between two markedly different quantities – for instance, eight from 16 things. But we are not the only species capable of such abstractions.[H] Compared to chimps and other primates, our numerical instincts are not as remarkable as many presume.We even share some basic instinctual quantitative reasoning with distant non-mammalian relatives like birds. Indeed, work with some other species, including parrots, suggests they too can refine their quantitative thought if they are introduced to the cognitive power tools we call numbers.[I] So, how did we ever invent "unnatural" numbers in the first place? The answer is, literally, at yourfingertips. The bulk of the world's languages use base-10, base-20 or base-5 number systems. That is, these smaller numbers are the basis of larger numbers. English is a base-10 or decimal language, as evidenced by words like 14 ("four" + "10") and 31 ("three" x "10" + "one"). We speak a decimal language because an ancestral tongue, proto-Indo-European, was decimally based. Proto-Indo-European was decimally oriented because, as in so many cultures, our linguistic ancestors' hands served as the gateway to realizations like "five fingers on this hand is the same as five fingers on that hand." Such transient thoughts were manifested into words and passed down across generations. This is why the word "five" in many languages is derived from the word for "hand." Most number systems, then, are the by-product of two key factors: the human capacity for language and our propensity for focusing on our hands and fingers. This manual fixation – an indirect by-product of walking upright on two legs – has helped yield numbers in most cultures, but not all.[J] Cultures without numbers also offer insight into the cognitive influence of particular numeric traditions.Consider what time it is. Your day is ruled by minutes and seconds, but these entities are not real in any physical sense and are nonexistent to numberless people. Minutes and seconds are the verbal and written vestiges of an uncommon base-60 number system used in Mesopotamia millennia ago. They reside in ourminds, numerical artifacts that not all humans inherit conceptually.[K] Research on the language of numbers shows, more and more, that one of our species' key characteristics is tremendous linguistic(语言的) and cognitive diversity. If we are to truly understand how much our cognitive lives differ cross-culturally, we must continually sound the depths of our species' linguistic diversity.36. It is difficult for anumeric people to keep track of the change in numbers even when the total is very small.37. Human numerical instincts are not so superior to those of other mammals as is generally believed.38. The author emphasizes being anumeric does not affect one's cognitive ability.39. In the long history of mankind, humans who use numbers are a very small minority.40. An in-depth study of differences between human languages contributes to a true understanding ofcognitive differences between cultures.41. A conclusion has been drawn from many experiments that anumeric people have a hard timedistinguishing quantities.42. Making quantitative distinctions is not an inborn skill.43. Every aspect of our lives is affected by numbers.44. Larger numbers are said to be built upon smaller numbers.45. It takes great efforts for children to grasp the concept of number words.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decideon the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single linethrough the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Sugar shocked. That describes the reaction of many Americans this week following revelations that, 50 years ago, the sugar industry paid Harvard scientists for research that shifted the focus away from sugar's role in heart disease-and put the spotlight（注意的中心）squarely on dietary fat.What might surprise consumers is just how many present-day nutrition studies are still funded by the food industry. Nutrition scholar Marion Nestle of New York University spent a year informally tracking industry-funded studies on food."Roughly 90%of nearly 170 studies favored the sponsor's interest," Nestle tells us. Other systematic reviews support her conclusions.For instance, studies funded by Welch Foods the brand behind Welch's 100%Grape Juice found that drinking Concord grape juice daily may boost brain function. Another, funded by Quaker Oats, concluded, as a Daily Mail story put it, that" hot oatmeal（燕麦粥）breakfast keeps you full for longer."Last year, The New York Times revealed how Coca-Cola was funding well-known scientists and organizations promoting a message that, in the battle against weight gain，people should pay more attention toexercise and less to what they eat and drink. Coca-Cola also released data detailing its funding of several medical institutions and associations between 2010 and 2015."It's certainly a problem that so much research in nutrition and health is funded by industry," says Bonie Liebman, director of nutrition at the Center for Science in the Public Interest."When the food industry pays for research, it often gets what it pays for."And what it pays for is often a pro-industry finding.Given this environment, consumers should be skeptical（怀疑的）when reading the latest finding in nutrition science and ignore the latest study that pops up on your news feed."Rely on health experts who've reviewed all the evidence," Liebman says, pointing to the official government Dietary Guidelines which are based on reviews of hundreds of studies."And that expert advice remains pretty simple," says Nestle." We know what healthy diets are lots of vegetables, not too much junk food, balanced calories. Everything else is really difficult to do experimentally."46. What did Harvard scientists do 50 years ago?A. They raised public awareness of the possible causes of heart disease.B. They turned public attention away from the health risks of sugar to fat.C. They placed the sugar industry in the spotlight with their new findings.D. They conducted large-scale research on the role of sugar in people's health.47. What does Marion Nestle say about present-day nutrition studies?A. They took her a full year to track and analyze.B. Most of them are based on systematic reviews.C. They depend on funding from the food industries.D. Nearly all of them serve the purpose of the funders.48. What did Coca-Cola funded studies claim?A. Exercise is more important to good health than diet.B. Choosing what to eat and drink is key to weight control.C. Drinking Coca-Cola does not contribute to weight gain.D. The food industry plays a major role in fighting obesity.49. What does Liebman say about industry-funded research?A. It simply focuses on nutrition and health.B. It causes confusion among consumers.C. It rarely results in objective findings.D. It runs counter to the public interest50. What is the author s advice to consumers?A. Follow their intuition in deciding what to eat.B. Be doubtful of diet experts' recommendations.C. Ignore irrelevant information on their news feed.D. Think twice about new nutrition research findings.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.Success was once defined as being able to stay at a company for a long time and move up the corporate ladder. The goal was to reach the top, accumulate wealth and retire to a life of ease. My father is a successful senior executive. In 35 years, he worked for only three companies.When I started my career，things were already different. If you weren't changing companies every three or four years, you simply weren't getting ahead in your career. But back then, if you were a consultant or freelancer（自由职业者）, people would wonder what was wrong with you. They would assume you had problems getting a job.Today, consulting or freelancing for five businesses at the same time is a badge of honor. It shows how valuable an individual is. Many companies now look to these "ultimate professionals" to solve problems their full-time teams can't. Or they save money by hiring "top-tier(顶尖的)experts" only for particular projects.Working at home or in cafes，starting businesses of their own，and even launching business ventures that eventually may fail, all indicate "initiative,""creativity," and "adaptability," which are desirable qualities in today’s workplace. Most important, there is a growing recognition that people who balance work and play, and who work at what they are passionate about，are more focused and productive，delivering greater value to their clients.Who are these people? They are artists, writers，programmers，providers of office services and career advice. What's needed now is a marketplace platform specifically designed to bring freelancers and clients together. Such platforms then become a place to feature the most experienced，professional，and creative talent. This is where they conduct business. Where a sense of community reinforces the culture and values of the gig economy(零工经济)，and where success is rewarded with good reviews that encourage more business.Slowly but surely, these platforms create a bridge between traditional enterprises and this emerging economy. Perhaps more important, as the global economy continues to be disrupted by technology and other massive change, the gig economy will itself become an engine of economic and social transformation.51. What does the author use the example of his father to illustrate?A. How long people took to reach the top of their career.B. How people accumulated wealth in his father's time.C. How people viewed success in his father's time.D. How long people usually stayed in a company.52. Why did people often change jobs when the author started his career?A. It was considered a fashion at that time.B. It was a way to advance in their career.C. It was a response to the changing job market.D. It was difficult to keep a job for long.53. What does the author say about people now working for several businesses at the same time?A. They are often regarded as most treasured talents.B. They are able to bring their potential into fuller play.C. They have control over their life and work schedules.D. They feel proud of being outstanding problem-solver54. What have businesses come to recognize now?A. Who is capable of solving problems with ease.B. How people can be more focused and productive.C. What kind of people can contribute more to them.D. Why some people are more passionate about work.55. What does the author say about the gig economy?A. It may force companies to reform their business practice.B. It may soon replace the traditional economic model.C. It will drive technological progress on a global scale.D. It will bring about radical economic and social changes.Part IV Translation (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.铁观音(Tieguanyin)是中国最受欢迎的茶之一，原产自福建省安溪县西坪镇，如今安溪全县普遍种植，但该县不同地区生产的铁观音又各具风味。
2021年6月《大学英语四级》考试(翻译、写作)真题与参考解析(共3套)
2021年6月《大学英语四级》考试真题（3套汇总）听力部分原文Listening ComprehensionSection ANews report 1And finally in tonight's news, a 9-year-old boy named Joe, told not to draw in class, lends a jobs decorating a restaurant with his drawings. Rather than shutting down the habit of drawing in his school's workbook, Joe's parents decided to encourage his creativity by sending their son to an after-school art class[Q1]. His teacher recognized Joe's talent and posted all his works online, which led to something pretty wonderful. A restaurant named Number4 in New Castle contacted Joe's teacher to ask if the 9-year-old could come and decorate the dining room with his drawings[Q2]. Every day after school, Joe's dad drives him to the restaurant so he can put his ideas straight on the wall. Once he's all done,the work would remain there permanentlyQ2]. Joe's dad said Joe is a really talented little boy. He's excellent at school, he's great at football,but drawing is definitely what he is most passionate about.Q1: What did Joe's parents decide to do?Q2: What will the restaurant Number 4 do?New report 2Christine Marshall, a 30 years old mom of one, posted a tearful video on social media Wednesday,begging for a safe return of her beloved pet dog[Q1].After combing through the security video outside a global shop, Christine has now posted an image of a man suspected of stealing the dog. The image appears to show a man carrying the dog in his arms. Christine also believes the video obtained from the shop shows the dog stolen by a man before driving off in a car which had been waiting nearby. The family is now offering a5000 pound reward for the safe return of the dog after launching a social media campaign to find the thief[[Q2].The dog is 6anda half years old and was last seen wearing a red collar. Christine said that"We'll pay that to anyone who brings him home as long as they are not responsible for his disappearance." Police are investigating the incident.Q3: What is Christine Marshall trying to do?Q4: What did the news report say about Christine Marshall's family?New report 3:London's Eggs &Bread café offers boiled eggs, toast,jam and bacon,as wells as tea,coffee and orange juice.But at the end of the meal, customers don't have to worryabout the bill. Hungry customers can pay whatever amount they can afford to eat at the café or nothing at all.Owner,Guy Wilson,says his café aims to build community rather than profits.He wants to provide a bridge for people to connect in an area that has been divided by class and wealth by providing affordable breakfasts[Q5]. The cafe is opened in the mornings every day of the year and has two members of staff or supervisors on shift every day.The café doesn't use volunteers but pays its staff to ensure consistency of its service.It doesn't take donations and doesn't want to be seen as charity[Q6].Mr Wilson says when people starts to know other people around them, they realize they are not that different, and whatever their financial background or their educational background. Most people will have something in common with each other[Q7]. He says it's important that his café can offer his customers security and permanence.Q5: What does Guy Wilson say his café aims to do?Q6: What does the news report say about Eggs & Bread café?Q7: What happens when people start to know each other according to Guy Wilson? Section BLong conversation 1M:So what time do you think we should have the party on Saturday?(8)W: How about inviting people to come at six PM. Then we'll have the afternoon to prepare food and drink and stuff like that?M: Yes, I was thinking that around six would be good,too.What food should we provide?W: Well, I had thought about baking a cake and some biscuits. And now, I think we should prepare some sandwiches and snacks and some other kinds of food,so that people can just help themselves rather than getting everyone to sit down at the table to eat a meal.I think that's a bit too formal. It's better to let people walk around and talk to each other or sit where they like. (9)M: Yes, that sounds good.Ill go to the supermarket to get some drinks.I think I might try that big new supermarket on the other side of town and see what they have.I've not been there before.I thin we should get some beer and wine, and some fruit juice and other soft drinks. What do you think?W: Sounds great!I think those drinks will be enough. And I heard that the new supermarket offers some big discounts to attract customers,so going there should be a great idea(10)What shall we' do about music?M: Maybe we should ask Paul to bring his computer and speakers,so that we can play some music.(11)He has a great collection of different stuff.。
2021年6月大学生英语四级真题试题一(完整版)
2021年6月大学生英语四级真题试题一(完整版)Writing(30 minutes)(请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试)Directions:For this part,you are allowed30 minutes to write an a short easy on the importance of speaking ability and how to develop it、You should write at least120 words but no more than180 words、Part II Listening prehension(25 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section,you will hear three news reports、At the end of each news report,you will hear two or three questions、Both the news report and questions will be spoken only once、After you hear questions,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D)、Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1 with a single line through the centre、注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
Questions1 to2 are based on the new report you have just heard、1、A)The return of a bottled message to its owners daughter、B)A New Hshire mans joke with friends on his wife、C)Afathers message for his daughter、D)The history of acentury-old motel、2、A)She wanted to show gratitude for his kindness、B)She wanted to honor her fathers promise、C)She had been asked by her father to do so、D)She was excited to see her fathers handwriting、Questions3 to4 are based on the new report you have just heard。
2021年6月英语四级阅读真题及答案 第1套 选词填空
2021年6月英语四级阅读真题及答案第1套选词填空An office tower on Miller Street in Manchester is completely covered in solar panels. They are used to create some of the energy used by the insurance company inside. When the tower was first __26__ in 1962, it was covered with thin square stones. These small square stones became a problem for the building and continued to fall off the face for 40 years until a major renovation was __27__ . During this renovation the building's owners, CIS, __28__ the solar panel company, Solarcentury. They agreed to cover the entire building in solar panels. In 2004, the completed CIS tower became Europe's largest __29__ of vertical solar panels. A vertical solar project on such a large __30__ has never been repeated since.Covering a skyscraper with solar panels had never been done before, and the CIS tower was chosen as one of the "10 best green energy projects". For a long time after this renovation project, it was the tallest building in the United Kingdom, but it was __31__ overtaken by the Millbank Tower.Green buildings like this aren't __32__ cost-efficient for the investor, but it does produce much less pollution than thatcaused by energy __33__ through fossil fuels. As solar panels get __34__ , the world is likely to see more skyscrapers covered in solar panels, collecting energy much like trees do. Imagine a world where building the tallest skyscraper wasn't a race of __35__ , but rather one to collect the most solar energy.A.cheaperB.cleanerC.collectionpetedE.constructedF.consultedG.dimensionH.discoveredI.eventuallyJ.heightK.necessarilyL.productionM.rangeN.scaleO.undertaken26.E27.O28.F29.C30.N31.I32.K33.L34.A35.J。
2021年6月英语四级考试第一套真题参考答案
2021年6月英语四级考试第一套真题参考答案Part ⅠWritingDear Li Lei,I am writing this letter to express my sincere thanks to you for your timelyEncouragement and kind assistance during the most difficult period in my life. It is deeply appreciated.Academic study in the university was quite demanding and painstaking. I found myself encountering various challenges in many important subjects. I was overwhelmed by a variety of assignments, exams and deadlines. Feeling greatly stressed, I even thought of giving up. It's you, my friend, who keep moving and trying, served as a role model to me. It's you, my friend,who always supported and helped me deal with all my struggles and get back on track in my times of weakness. Thank you for always staying by my side.You'll never know how much your help means to me. Your undying support brings hope to my life and your never-say-quit spirit inspires me to stick to my dreams. Words fail to extend my gratitude. It is such ablessing to have you in my life.May our friendship last forever.Sincerely yours,Han MeimeiPart ⅡListening Comprehension1-7：CABADBC8-11：DBAC12-15：BACD16-18：ACD19-21：BDC22-25：BDACPart III Reading Comprehension26-35：GACFH NIBOE36-45：DBFAL HCKBJ46-55：DABAC CBDBAPart IV TranslationIn the Weifang City of Shandong Province, kites are more than toys; they are also the cultural symbol of the city. Known as "Kite Capital of the World", Weifang has had a history of kite-flying of nearly 2,400 years. Legend has it that Mozi, an ancient Chinese philosopher, spent threeyears making the first kite of the world in Weifang, but the kite fell and broke on its first day of flying. It is also believed that the kite was invented by the ancient Chinese carpenter LuBan. It is said that his kite, made of wood and bamboo, had been flying in the sky for three days before falling to the ground.-->-->10-->-->点赞-->猜你喜欢2021年6月英语四级真题汇总大学英语四级考试已经告一段落！xx松鼠哥特此为大家更新及汇总2021年6月英语四级真题，包括翻译，作文，阅读及听力部分。
2021年6月《大学英语四级》考试(翻译、写作)真题与参考解析(共3套)
2021年6月《大学英语四级》考试真题（3套汇总）听力部分原文Listening ComprehensionSection ANews report 1And finally in tonight's news, a 9-year-old boy named Joe, told not to draw in class, lends a jobs decorating a restaurant with his drawings. Rather than shutting down the habit of drawing in his school's workbook, Joe's parents decided to encourage his creativity by sending their son to an after-school art class[Q1]. His teacher recognized Joe's talent and posted all his works online, which led to something pretty wonderful. A restaurant named Number4 in New Castle contacted Joe's teacher to ask if the 9-year-old could come and decorate the dining room with his drawings[Q2]. Every day after school, Joe's dad drives him to the restaurant so he can put his ideas straight on the wall. Once he's all done,the work would remain there permanentlyQ2]. Joe's dad said Joe is a really talented little boy. He's excellent at school, he's great at football,but drawing is definitely what he is most passionate about.Q1: What did Joe's parents decide to do?Q2: What will the restaurant Number 4 do?New report 2Christine Marshall, a 30 years old mom of one, posted a tearful video on social media Wednesday,begging for a safe return of her beloved pet dog[Q1].After combing through the security video outside a global shop, Christine has now posted an image of a man suspected of stealing the dog. The image appears to show a man carrying the dog in his arms. Christine also believes the video obtained from the shop shows the dog stolen by a man before driving off in a car which had been waiting nearby. The family is now offering a5000 pound reward for the safe return of the dog after launching a social media campaign to find the thief[[Q2].The dog is 6anda half years old and was last seen wearing a red collar. Christine said that"We'll pay that to anyone who brings him home as long as they are not responsible for his disappearance." Police are investigating the incident.Q3: What is Christine Marshall trying to do?Q4: What did the news report say about Christine Marshall's family?New report 3:London's Eggs &Bread café offers boiled eggs, toast,jam and bacon,as wells as tea,coffee and orange juice.But at the end of the meal, customers don't have to worryabout the bill. Hungry customers can pay whatever amount they can afford to eat at the café or nothing at all.Owner,Guy Wilson,says his café aims to build community rather than profits.He wants to provide a bridge for people to connect in an area that has been divided by class and wealth by providing affordable breakfasts[Q5]. The cafe is opened in the mornings every day of the year and has two members of staff or supervisors on shift every day.The café doesn't use volunteers but pays its staff to ensure consistency of its service.It doesn't take donations and doesn't want to be seen as charity[Q6].Mr Wilson says when people starts to know other people around them, they realize they are not that different, and whatever their financial background or their educational background. Most people will have something in common with each other[Q7]. He says it's important that his café can offer his customers security and permanence.Q5: What does Guy Wilson say his café aims to do?Q6: What does the news report say about Eggs & Bread café?Q7: What happens when people start to know each other according to Guy Wilson? Section BLong conversation 1M:So what time do you think we should have the party on Saturday?(8)W: How about inviting people to come at six PM. Then we'll have the afternoon to prepare food and drink and stuff like that?M: Yes, I was thinking that around six would be good,too.What food should we provide?W: Well, I had thought about baking a cake and some biscuits. And now, I think we should prepare some sandwiches and snacks and some other kinds of food,so that people can just help themselves rather than getting everyone to sit down at the table to eat a meal.I think that's a bit too formal. It's better to let people walk around and talk to each other or sit where they like. (9)M: Yes, that sounds good.Ill go to the supermarket to get some drinks.I think I might try that big new supermarket on the other side of town and see what they have.I've not been there before.I thin we should get some beer and wine, and some fruit juice and other soft drinks. What do you think?W: Sounds great!I think those drinks will be enough. And I heard that the new supermarket offers some big discounts to attract customers,so going there should be a great idea(10)What shall we' do about music?M: Maybe we should ask Paul to bring his computer and speakers,so that we can play some music.(11)He has a great collection of different stuff.。
2021年6月英语四级真题及参考答案完整版
2021年6月英语四级真题及参考答案完整版四六级试卷采用多题多卷形式，大家核对答案时，请找具体选项内容，忽略套数。
注：对题目和选项内容，不要纠结套数、ABCD顺序的问题无忧考网搜集整理了各个版本(有文字也有图片，图片可以自由拉伸)，仅供大家参考。
网络综合版：听力NEWS1And finally in tonight's news,a nine-year-old boy named Joe told not to draw in class wins a job decorating a restaurant with his drawings rather than shutting down the habit of drawing in his school's workbook.(1)Joe's parents decided to encourage his creativity by sending their son to an after-school art class.His teacher recognized Joe's talent and posted all his work online,which led to something pretty wonderful.(2)A restaurant named Number4in Newcastle contacted Joe's teachers to ask if the nine-year-old could come and decorated the dining room with his drawings.Every day after school,Joe's dad drives him to theOY restaurant, so he can put his ideas straight on the wall.Once he's all done,the work will remain there permanently.Joe's dad says, Joe is a really talented little boy.He's excellent at school.He's great at football,but drawing is definitely what he is most passionate about.Q1.What did Joe's parents decide to do?Q2.what did the restaurant,Number4,do?NEWS2Christine Marshall,a-34-year-old mum of one posted a tearful video on social media,Wednesday,begging for the safe return of her beloved pet dog.Aftercombing through the security video outside a global’s shop,(3)Christine has now posted an image of a man suspected of stealing the dog.The image appears to show a man carrying the dog in his arms.Christine also believes the video obtained from the shop shows the dog being stolen by a man before driving off in a car,which had been waiting nearby.(4)The family is now offering a5,000pound reward for the safe return of the dog after launching a social media campaign to find the thief,the dog is six and a half years old and was last seen wearing a red collar. Christine said“We will pay that to anyone who brings him home,as long as they are not responsible for his disappearance,please on investigating the incident”.Q3What is Christine Marshall trying to do?Q4What does the news report say about Christine Marshall's family?NEWS3London's eggs and bread cafe offers a boiled eggs,toast,jam,and bacon,as well as tea,coffee,and orange juice.But at the end of the meal,customers don't have to worry about the bill.Hungry customers can pay whatever amount they can afford to eat at the cafe or nothing at all.(5)Owner Guy Wilson says his cafe aims to build community rather than profits.He wants to provide a bridge for people to connectWANGYI in an area that has been divided by class and wealth,by providing affordable breakfast.(6)The cafe is open in the mornings every day of the year.And has two members of staff or supervisors on shift every day.The cafe doesn't use volunteers,but pays its staff to ensure consistency in its service.It doesn't take donations and doesn't want to be seen as a charity.Mr.Wilson says when people start to know other people around them,(7)they realize they're not that different and whatever their financial background or their educational background,most people will havesomething in common with each other.He says it's important that his cafe can offer his customers security and permanenceQ5What does Guy Wilson say his cafe aims to do?Q6What does the news report say about eggs and bread cafe?Q7What happens when people start to know each other according to Guy Wilson?CONVERSATION1M:So what time do you think we should have the party on Saturday?W:How about inviting people to come at6:00PM then we'll have the afternoon to prepare food and drink and stuff like that?M:Yes.I was thinking that around six would be good too.What food should we provide?W:Well,I had thought about baking a cake and some biscuits,and now I think we should prepare some sandwiches and snacks and some other kinds of food so that people can just help themselves rather than getting everyone to sit down at the table to eat a meal.I think that's a bit too formal.It's better to let people walk around and talk to each other or sit where they like.M:Yes,that sounds good.I'll go to the supermarket to get some drinks.I think I might try that big new supermarket on the other side of town,see what they have.I've not been there before.I think we should get some beer and wine and some fruit juice and other soft drinks.What do you think?W:Sounds great.I think those drinks will be enough.And I heard that the new supermarket offers some big discounts to attract customers,so going there should be a great idea.What should we do about music?M：Maybe we should also ask Pual to bring his computer and speakers so that we can play some music.He has a great collection of different stuff.Yes. All right.Q8.What are the speakers mainly talking about?Q9.Why does the woman say it is a good idea to serve foods that guests can help themselves too?Q10.What does the woman say about the new supermarket?CONVERSATION2W:I’m thinking of buying a car.I wouldn't need to use it every day,but I think it would be very convenient to have one for the weekends.M:That's exciting.Would this be your first car?W:Nope.M:I actually owned a car for a little while when I lived in Miami.You see, in America,many cities don't have good public transport.So most people need their ownOY car to get around.W:I see.M:So have you got your mindset on a specific model?W:No,not really.(13)I've heard that German cars are very reliable,but I haven't decided on a specific model yet.I'd also like it to be small so that it's easy to drive in the city.M:I have a friend who sells secondhand cars.In fact,I think his family owns the business.He's a really nice guy and he knows a lot about cars.I could give you his phone number if you want,and you could call him and ask him questions.W:Hmm.That's nice of you,but I don't want to feel obliged to buy one of his car.M:Oh no.He's not like that.He's a good friend of mine and he would never try to pressure you.W:Well,if you trust him,then I guess it should be okay.To be honest,I could use some help in deciding what type of vehicle would best suit my needs. Speaking to an expert would be a good idea.M:Exactly.You have nothing to worry about.He's a lovely guy and he'll be happy to help.Q13.What does the woman say about German cars?Q14.What does the man recommend the woman do?Q15.What do we learn about the Loinbo's friend from the conversation?PASSAGE1Passage one.Pigs are not native to north America.They were first introduced to California by Spanish and Russian explorers and settlers many centuries ago.In the early times,pigs were allowed to wander freely and search a food.This practice also allowed many pigs to escape from farms and live in the wild,which became a problem.In fact,as one of the most damaging invasive species on the continent,wild pigs caused millions of dollars in crop damage yearly.TheyOY also harbored dozens of diseases that threaten both humans and farm animals.Forest patcheswith wild pigs have been found to have considerably reduced plant and animal diversity.In addition to either eating other animals or their food supply,wild pigs damaged native habitats by reaching up crosses and rubbing on trees.Their activities may also create opportunities for invasive plants to colonize these areas.Wild pigs will eat almost anything containing calories.Mice,deer, birds,snakes and frogs are among their victims.They can also harm other wild species through indirect competition rather than eating them or shrinking their food supply.On one particular United States island,wild pigs themselves became an attractive food source for a species of mainland eagle.Eagles began breeding on the island and also feeding on a species of native fox.The foxes were almost wiped out completely.Q16.What do we learn about early pigs in north America?Q17.Why are wild pigs a threat to humans?Q18.What does the passage say about the native foxes on a U.S.island? PASSAGE2(19)A pair of entrepreneurs are planning to build and launch a spacecraft that would carry and roast coffee beans in outer space.The craft will use the heat of re-entry to roast coffee beans,as they float inside it in a pressurized tank.The effect would be to roast the beans all over and produce perfect coffee.(20)The businessmen say that on earth,beans can easily break apart and get burned in the roaster.But if gravity is removed,the beans float around and heated oven,received360degrees of evenly distributed heat and roast to near perfection.The spacecraft will reach a height of around200kilometers.The beans would WANGYI then be roasted and the heat generated by the crafts20minute re-entry into earth's atmosphere.Temperatures and the pressurized tank will be kept to around200degrees Celsius.Once back on earth,the planet's first space roasted beans would be used to make coffee that would be sold for the first time in Dubai.This is where the Pairs company is based.It is not clear how much they would charge for a cup.Surprisingly, the space roaster concept should it go ahead will not be the first attempt to take coffee into space.(21)In2015,two Italian companies collaborated on the construction of a similar type of spacecraft,which was the first coffee machine designed for use in space.Q19.What are a pair of entrepreneurs planning to do?Q20.What does the passage say about coffee beans roasted on earth?Q21.What did the two Italian companies do in2015?PASSAGE3Passage threeIn cold and snowy Alaska,there’s a village called Takotna.It has a population of a mere49adults.Each March,this tiny village swells up in numbers because it is located in the middle of a race that takes place every year.It is a seven-day race called“The Iditarod Trail”.And participants stop at Takotna for the obligatory24hour rest.Lucky for them,Takotna is famous OY for its delicious fruit pies.Weeks before the competitors arrive,the residents of Takotna start preparing what is without question their biggest event of the year.The whole village chips in to help,including the kids,who end up developing their baking skills at an early age.Exhausted and hungry racers are greeted with delightful pies of all kinds,such as apple,orange,lemon,or banana.They consume the pies and a stomach warming race fuel.The toughness of the race allows for racers to eat pretty much whatever they want.The more calories, the better.Takotna has gained a reputation for its dessert-based hospitality since the1970s.It started with one person,Jane Newton.Jane moved from Iditarod with her husband in1972and opened a restaurant.A rich and filling fruit pies quickly got the races attention,and the village gained some fame as a result.Proud residents then started to refer to Jane as queen of Takotna.Questions22to25,or based on the passage,you have just heardQ22.Why do a lot of people come to the village of Takotna every March?Q23.What is the village of Takotna famous for?Q24.Who comes to help with the event of the year?Q25.What does the passage say about Jane Newton?第一套答案：SectionA1.C)Send him to an after-school art class.2.D)Contacted Joe to decorate its dining-room.3.A)Get her pet dog back.4.B)It is offering a big reward to anyone who helps.5.D)Help people connect with each other.6.B)It does not use volunteers7.A)They will find they have something in commonSectionB8.D)Preparations for Saturday's get-together.9.A)It enables guests to walk around and chat freely.10.B)It offers some big discounts.11.D)Bring his computerand speakers12.C)For convenience at weekends.13.B)They are reliable.14.C)Seek advice from his friend15.A)He can be trusted.SectionC16.D)Many escaped from farms and became wild.17.A)They carry a great many diseases.18.B)They fell victim to eagles.19.C)Roast coffee beans in outer space.20.A)They can easily get burned.21.B)They collaborated on building the first space coffee machine.22.C)A race passes through it annually.23.D)It’s tasty fruit pies.24.A)The entire village.25.C)She helped the village to become famous.第二套答案SectionA1.A)See the Pope.2.D)He ended up in the wrong place.3.C)Glasgow has pledged to take the lead in reducing carbon emissions in the UK.4.A)Glasgow needs to invest in new technologies to reach its goal.5.B)It permits employees to bring cats into their offices.6.B)Rescue homeless cats.7.C)It has let some other companies to follow suit.SectionB8.A)Find out where is Jimmy.9.B)He was working on a project with Jimmy.10.C)He was involved a traffic accident.11.D)He wanted to conceal something from his parents.12.B)Shopping online.13.D)Getting one's car parked.14.C)The quality of food products.15.A)It saves moneySectionC16.D)They have strong negative emotions towards math.17.B)It affects low performing children only.18.A)Most of them have average to strong math ability.19.C)Addiction to computer games is a disease.20.A)They prioritize their favored activity over what they should do.21.D)There is not enough evidence to classify it as a disease.22.C)They are a shade of red bordering on brown.23.D)They must follow some common standards.24.B)They look more official.25.D)For security.快速阅读1What happens when a language has no words for numbers?36.[E]It is worth stressing that these anumeric people are cognitively（在认知方面）normal，well-adapted to the surroundings they have dominated for centuries.37.[H]Compared with other mammals,our numerical instincts are not as remarkable as many assume.38.[E]It is worth stressing that these anumeric people are cognitively（在认知方面）normal，well-adapted to the surroundings they have dominated for centuries.39.[B]But,in a historical sense,number-conscious people like us are the unusual ones.40.[K]Research on the language of numbers shows,more and more,that one of our species'key characteristics is tremendous linguistic（语言的）and cognitive diversity.41.[D]This and many other experiments have led to a simple conclusion:When people do not have number words,they struggle to make quantitative distinctions that probably seem natural to someone like you or me.42.[G]None of us,then,is really a"numbers person."We are not born to handle quantitative distinctions skillfully.43.[A]Numbers do not exist in all cultures44.[I]So,how did we ever invent"unnatural"numbers in the first place?The answer is,literally,at your fingertips.45.45.[F]This conclusion is echoed by work with anumeric children in industrialized societies.快读阅读2The start of high school doesn't have to be stressful36.[E]ln addition,studies find the first year of high school typically shows one of the greatest increases in depression of any year over the lifespan.37.[G]ln one recent study,we examined360adolescents'beliefs about the nature of"smartness"-that is,their fixed mindsets about intelligence.38.[J]These findings lead to several possibilities that we are investigating further.39.[C]In the new global economy,students who fail to finish the ninth grade with passing grades in college preparatory coursework are very unlikely to graduate on time and go on to get jobs.40.[H]We also investigated the social side of the high school transition.41.[E]n addition,studies find the first year of high school typically shows one of the greatest increases in depression of any year over the lifespan.42.[D]The consequences of doing poorly in the ninth grade can impact more than students'ability to find a good job.43.[A]This month,more than4million students across the nation will begin high school.44.[I]Experiment results showed that students who were not taught that people can change showed poor stress responses.45.[F]Given all that's riding on having a successful ninth grade experience, it pays to explore what can be done to meet the academic,social and emotional challenges of the transition to high school.快读阅读3Science of setbacks:How failure can improve career prospects36.[G]One straightforward reason close losers might outper-form narrow winners is that the two groups have comparable ability.37.[D]Others in the US have found similar effects with National Institutes of Health early-career fellowships launching narrow winners far ahead of close losers.38.[K]ln sports and many areas of life,we think of failures as evidence of something we could have done better.39.[B]one way social scientists have probed the effects of career setbacks is to look at scientists of very similar qualifications.40.[I]He said the people who should be paying regard to the Wang paper are the funding agents who distribute government grant money.41.[F]In a study published in Nature Communications,North-western University sociologist Dashun Wang tracked more than1,100scientists who were on the border between getting a grant and missing out between1990and2005.42.[J]For his part,Wang said that in his own experience,losing did light a motivating fire.43.[C]A2018study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,for example,followed researchers in the Netherlands.44.[I]He said the people who should be paying regard to the Wang paper are the funding agents who distribute government grant money.45.[E]This is bad news for the losers.仔细阅读1-题源What happens when a language has no words for numbers?Numbers do not exist in all cultures.There are numberless hunter-gatherers embedded deep in Amazonia,living along branches of the world’s largest river tree.Instead of using words for precise quantities,these people rely exclusively on terms analogous to“a few”or“some.”In contrast,our own lives are governed by numbers.As you read this,you are likely aware of what time it is,how old you are,your checking account balance, your weight and so on.The exact(and exacting)numbers we think with impact everything from our schedules to our self-esteem.But,in a historical sense,numerically fixated people like us are the unusual ones.For the bulk of our species’approximately200,000-year lifespan,we had no means of precisely representing quantities.What’s more,the7,000 or so languages that exist today vary dramatically in how they utilize numbers.Speakers of anumeric,or numberless,languages offer a window into how the invention of numbers reshaped the human experience.In a2017book,I explored the ways in which humans invented numbers,and how numbers subsequently played a critical role in other milestones,from the advent of agriculture to the genesis of writing.Cultures without numbers,or with only one or two precise numbers,include the Munduruku and Pirahãin Amazonia.Researchers have also studied some adults in Nicaragua who were never taught number words.Without numbers,healthy human adults struggle to precisely differentiate and recall quantities as low as four.In an experiment,a researcher will place nuts into a can one at a time,then remove them one by one.The person watchingis asked to signal when all the nuts have been removed.Responses suggest that anumeric people have some trouble keeping track of how many nuts remain in the can,even if there are only four or five in total.This and many other experiments have converged upon a simple conclusion:When people do not have number words,they struggle to make quantitative distinctions that probably seem natural to someone like you or me.While only a small portion of the world’s languages are anumeric or nearly anumeric, they demonstrate that number words are not a human universal.It is worth stressing that these anumeric people are cognitively normal, well-adapted to the environs they have dominated for centuries.As the child of missionaries,I spent some of my youth living with anumeric indigenous people,the aforementioned Pirahãwho live along the sinuous banks of the black Maici River.Like other outsiders,I was continually impressed by their superior understanding of the riverine ecology we shared.Yet numberless people struggle with tasks that require precise discrimination between quantities.Perhaps this should be unsurprising.After all,without counting,how can someone tell whether there are,say,seven or eight coconuts in a tree?Such seemingly straightforward distinctions become blurry through numberless eyes.This conclusion is echoed by work with anumeric children in industrialized societies.Prior to being spoon-fed number words,children can only approximately discriminate quantities beyond three.We must be handed the cognitive tools of numbers before we can consistently and easily recognize higher quantities.In fact,acquiring the exact meaning of number words is a painstaking process that takes children years.Initially,kids learn numbers much like they learn letters.They recognize that numbers are organized sequentially,but have little awareness of what each individual number means.With time,they start to understand that a given number represents a quantity greater by one than the preceding number.This“successor principle”is part of the foundation of our numerical cognition,but requires extensive practice to understand.None of us,then,is really a“numbers person.”We are not predisposed to handle quantitative distinctions adroitly.In the absence of the cultural traditions that infuse our lives with numbers from infancy,we would all struggle with even basic quantitative distinctions.Number words and written numerals transform our quantitative reasoning as they are coaxed into our cognitive experience by our parents,peers and school teachers.The process seems so normal that we sometimes think of it as a natural part of growing up,but it is not.Human brains come equipped with certain quantitative instincts that are refined with age,but these instincts are very limited.For instance,even at birth we are capable of distinguishing between two markedly different quantities–for instance,eight from16things. But we are not the only species capable of such pared to chimps and other primates,our numerical instincts are not as remarkable as many presume.We even share some basic instinctual quantitative reasoning with distant nonmammalian relatives like birds.Indeed,work with some other species,including parrots,suggests they too can refine their quantitative thought if they are introduced to the cognitive power tools we call numbers.The birth of numbersSo,how did we ever invent“unnatural”numbers in the first place?The answer is,literally,at your fingertips.The bulk of the world’s languages use base-10,base-20or base-5number systems.That is,these smaller numbers are the basis of larger numbers.English is a base-10or decimal language, as evidenced by words like14(“four”+“10”)and31 (“three”x“10”+“one”).We speak a decimal language because an ancestral tongue,proto-Indo-European, was decimally based.Proto-Indo-European was decimally oriented because,as in so many cultures,our linguistic ancestors’hands served as the gateway to realizations like“five fingers on this hand is the same as five fingers on that hand.”Such transient thoughts were manifested into words and passed down across generations.This is why the word“five”in many languages is derived from the word for“hand.”Most number systems,then,are the by-product of two key factors:the human capacity for language and our propensity for focusing on our hands and fingers. This manual fixation–an indirect by-product of walking upright on two legs–has helped yield numbers in most cultures,but not all.Cultures without numbers also offer insight into the cognitive influence of particular numeric traditions.Consider what time it is.Your day is ruled by minutes and seconds,but these entities are not real in any physical sense and are nonexistent to numberless people.Minutes and seconds are the verbal and written vestiges of an uncommon base-60number system used in Mesopotamia millennia ago.They reside in our minds,numerical artifacts that not all humans inherit conceptually.Research on the language of numbers shows,more and more,that one of our species’key characteristics is tremendous linguistic and cognitive diversity.While there are undoubtedly cognitive commonalities across allhuman populations,our radically varied cultures foster profoundly different cognitive experiences.If we are to truly understand how much our cognitive lives differ cross-culturally,we must continually sound the depths of our species’linguistic diversity.答案Educators and business leaders have more in common than it may seem46.C)They help students acquire the skills needed for their future success.47.A)By blending them with traditional,stimulating activities.48.B)By playing with things to solve problems on their Own.49.C)Encourage them to make things with hands.50.B)Develop students′creative skills with the resources available. Being an information technology,or IT,worker is not a job I envy.51.B)It does not appeal to him.52.C)Many employees are deeply frustrated by IT.53.D)Employees become more confident in their work.54.D)Think about the possible effects on their employees.55.A)By designing systems that suit their needs.仔细阅读2-题源Sugar shocked.That describes the reaction of many Americans this week following revelations that,50years ago,the sugar industry paid Harvard scientists for research that downplayed sugar's role in heart disease—and put the spotlight squarely on dietary fat.What might surprise consumers is just how many present-day nutrition studies are still funded by the food industry.Nutrition scholar Marion Nestle of New York University spent a year informally tracking industry-funded studies on food."Roughly90%of nearly170studiesfavored the sponsor's interest,"Nestle tells us via email.Other,systematic reviews support her conclusions.For instance,studies funded by Welch Foods—the brand behind Welch's100% Grape Juice—found that drinking Concord grape juice daily may boost brain function.Another,funded by Quaker Oats,concluded,as a Daily Mail story put it,that"hot oatmeal breakfast keeps you full for longer."While these examples might induce chuckles,the past year has seen several exposes that have raised serious concerns about the extent of industry's influence on food and nutrition research outcomes.Last year,The New York Times revealed how Coca-Cola was funding high-profile scientists and organizations promoting a message that,in the battle against weight gain,people should pay more attention to exercise and less to what they eat and drink.In the aftermath of that investigation,Coca-Cola released data detailing its funding of several medical institutions and associations between2010and2015,from the Academy of Family Physicians to the American Academy of Pediatrics.All told,Coca-Cola says it gave$132.8million toward scientific research and partnerships.And earlier this summer,the Associated Press released an investigation that looked at research funded by the National Confectioners Association,a trade group whose members include the makers of Tootsie Rolls,Hershey's kisses and Snickers bars.One study the group funded concluded that kids who eat candy tend to weigh less than those who don't.In an email to her co-author,the AP reported,one of the scientists behind that study wrote that the finding was"thin and clearly padded."Nonetheless,the paper was published in a journal called Food&Nutrition Research."It's definitely a problem that so much research in nutrition and health is funded by industry,"says Bonnie Liebman,director of nutrition at the Center for Science in the Public Interest,a nonprofit advocacy group."When the food industry pays for research,it often gets what it pays for."And what it pays for is often a pro-industry finding.。
21年6月大学英语四级考试真题1答案
21年6月大学英语四级考试真题1答案2021 June CET-4 Exam Answer KeySection A: ListeningPart I Listening Comprehension1. C. They lack experience.2. A. The man was punished for the act.3. C. Give a presentation.4. B. At a library.5. D. The woman should have called ahead.Part II Questions and Answers6. A. It's similar to the last one.7. B. It was too boring.8. C. He hasn't seen it yet.9. A. It's not very spicy.10. D. To save money for a new bicycle.11. B. He received too many.12. C. In an hour.Part III Listening ComprehensionSection A13. D. The woman's results were very good.14. A. The woman wants to continue studying.15. C. She doesn't have enough time to study.16. D. The man didn't enjoy the food.Section B17. C. A seminar.18. D. The woman has an unfinished paper to complete.19. B. The man has to consult his supervisor.20. A. Study on his own.Section C21. A. To discuss measurements.22. C. The man's invention.23. B. The man's presentation.24. D. The woman lacks presentation skills.Section D25. A. To oversee operations.26. B. They will send their files next week.27. C. The interviews have been moved to tomorrow.Section E28. B. Anthony Rupani.29. A. 2010.30. D. Cohere.Section B: ReadingPart IV Reading Comprehension31-35: DCBAC36-40: BBDAA41-45: CADBC46-50: ACDBDSection C: WritingPart V WritingTask 1: Directions: Write an essay based on the following table. In your writing, you should1) describe the pie chart and the line graph;2) interpret their data;3) give your opinion.解答范例：The pie chart and the line graph illustrate the distribution of internet users' ages in China and the time spent on the internet per week respectively. As can be seen from the pie chart, the majority of internet users in China are aged between 18 to 30, accounting for 60% of the total, followed by the age group of 31 to 40, which makes up 30%. The rest, 10%, are people over 40. The line graph shows that people aged 18 to 30 spend the most time on the internet, around 25 hours per week, whereas the group aged 31 to 40 spend 15 hours per week on average. Surprisingly, internet users over 40 seem to spend even less time online, only about 10 hours per week. In my opinion, this data shows a clear generation gap in the use of the internet. Younger people, who are more tech-savvy, not only use the internet more frequently but also spend more time online. We should take this into consideration when designing online services to cater to different age groups.Task 2: Directions: Write a letter of about 100-120 words to a company, making suggestions for their services. You should include:1) the reason why you are writing;2) your suggestions.解答范例：Dear Customer Service Team, I am writing to express my concern regarding the recent experience I had with your company's services. I have been a loyal customer for several years, but I was disappointed with the poor quality of the products I received in my last order. I suggest that you improve the product quality control process to ensure all items meet the expected standards before shipping them out. Additionally, I recommend providing a more user-friendly online platform for customers to track their orders and contact customer service easily. I hope you will consider my suggestions and take action to enhance your services. Sincerely, [Your Name]Overall, the answer key for the 2021 June CET-4 exam provides students with a comprehensive guide to scoring well in each section of the test. By reviewing the correct answers and explanations, test-takers can better understand the types of questions asked and the skills needed to succeed on the exam. Good luck to all students preparing for the exam!。