2020年英语四级阅读冲刺练习及答案(5)
大学英语英语4级考试(答案) (5)
大学英语四级试练习卷一、阅读理解Passage1Work and PlayWhat do we mean by leisure,and why should we assume that it represents a problem to be solved by the arts?The great ages of art were not conspicuous for their leisure—at least,art was not an activity associated with leisure.It was a craft like any other,concerned with the making of necessary things.Leisure,in the present meaning of the word,did not exist.Leisure,before the Industrial Revolution,meant no more than"time"or"opportunity";"If your leisure served,I would speak with you."says one of Shakespeare's characters.Phrases which we still use,such as"at your leisure",preserve this original meaning. But when we speak of leisure nowadays,we are not thinking of securing time or opportunity to do something;time is heavy on our hands,and the problem is how to fill it.Leisure no longer signifies a space with some difficulty secured against the pressure of events:rather it is a pervasive emptiness for which we must invent occupations.Leisure is a vacuum,a desperate state of vacancy—a vacancy of mind and body.It has been commandeered(强占)by the sociologists and the psychologists:it is a problem.Our diurnal existence is divided into two phases,as distinct as day and night.We call them work and play.We work so many hours a day,and,when we have allowed the necessary minimum for such activities as eating and shopping,the rest we spend in various activities which are known as recreations,an elegant word which disguises the fact that we usually do not even play in our hours of leisure,but spend them in various forms of passive enjoyment or entertainment—not football but watching football matches;not acting,but theatre-going;not walking,but riding in a motor coach.We need to make,therefore,a hard-and-fast(不能变通的)distinction not only between work and play but,equally,between active play and passive entertainment.It is,I suppose,the decline of active play—of amateur sport—and the enormous growth of purely receptive entertainment which has given rise to a sociological interest in the problem.If the greater part of the population,instead of indulging in sport,spend their hours of leisure"viewing"television programmes,there will inevitably be a decline in health and physique.And,in addition,there will be a psychological problem,for we have yet to trace the mental and moral consequences of a prolonged diet of sentimental or sensational spectacles on the screen.There is,if we are optimistic,the possibility that the diet is too thin and unnourishing to have much permanent effect on anybody.Nine films out of ten seem to leave absolutely no impressionon the mind or imagination of those who see them:few people can give a coherent account of the film they saw the week before last,and at longer intervals they must rely on the management to see that they do not sit through the same film twice.We have to live art if we would be affected by art.We have to paint rather than look at paintings,to play instruments rather than go to concerts, to dance and sing and act ourselves,engaging all our senses in the ritual and discipline of the arts.Then something may begin to happen to us: to work upon our bodies and our souls.It is only when entertainment is active,participated in,practiced,that it can properly be called play,and as such it is a natural use of leisure. In that sense play stands in contrast to work,and is usually regarded as an activity that alternates with work.It is there that the final and most fundamental error enters into our conception of daily life. Work itself is not a single concept.We say quite generally that we work in order to make a living:to earn,that is to say,sufficient tokens which we can exchange for food and shelter and all the other needs of our existence.But some of us work physically,cultivating the land, minding the machines,digging the coal;others work mentally,keeping accounts,inventing machines,teaching and preaching,managing and governing.There does not seem to be any factor common to all these diverse occupations,except that they consume our time,and leave uslittle leisure.We may next observe that one man's profession or work is often another man's recreation or play.The merchant at the weekend becomes a hunter (he has not yet taken to mining);the clerk becomes a gardener;the machine-tender becomes a breeder of bull-terriers(叭喇狗）There is, of course，a sound instinct behind such transformations.The body and mind are unconsciously seeking compensation—muscular coordination, mental integration.But in many cases a dissociation is set up and the individual leads a double life—one half Jekyll,the other half Hyde(有善恶双重性格的人)-There is a profound moral behind that story of Stevenson's,for the compensation which a disintegrated personality may seek will often be of an anti-social nature.The Nazi party,for example, in its early days was largely recruited from the bored—not so much from the unemployed as from the street-corner society of listless hooligans. Scientific studies have been made of street-corner society,out of which crime,gangsterdom,and fascism inevitably develop.It is a society with leisure—that is to say,spare time—and without compensatory occupation. It does not need a Satan to find mischief for such idle hands.They will spontaneously itch to do something:muscles have a life of their own unless they are trained to purposeful actions.Actions,or rather activities,are the obvious reflex to leisure;they consume it,and leave the problem solved.But work is also activity,and if we reach the conclusion that all our time must be filled with one activity or another,the distinction between work and play becomes rather meaningless,and what we mean by play is merely a change of occupation.We pass from one form of activity to another;one we call work,and for that we receive pay;the other we call play,and for that we receive no pay—on the contrary,we probably paya subscription.1.The Industrial Revolution brought about a change in the nature of people's work as well as in the amount of time it took.2.Passive entertainment,which has increased in our age,leads to a decline in health and may also create psychological problems.3.The division of activities into work and play is unsatisfactory because it conceals the important distinction between active entertainment and passive entertainment.4.Mental work is more beneficial to one's psychology than physical work.5.The Nazi party was mostly enrolled from the jobless. programs should be abandoned because they entertain viewers passively.7.The word"leisure"has completely changed its original meanings.8.Danger may arise if work and play are not______coordinated.9.When entertainment is active,play can serve as an activitythat______work.10.One man may perceive another man's recreation as______. Passage2Ever since humans have lived on the11,they have made use of various forms of communication.Generally,this expression of thoughts and feelings has been in the form of12speech.When there is a language barrier,communication is"13through sign language in which motions14for letters,words,and ideas.Tourists and the people unable to hear or speak have had to15to this form of expression.Many of these symbols of whole words are very16and exact and can be used17; spelling,however,cannot.Body language18ideas or thoughts bycertain actions,eitherintentionally or unintentionally.A wink can be a way of indicating that the party is only joking.A nod signifies approval,while shaking the head indicates a19reaction.Other forms of nonlinguistic language can be found in Braille(a system of raised dots read with the fingertips),signal flags,Morse code,and smoke signals.Road maps and20signs also guide,warn,and instruct people.While language is the most common form of communication,other systemsand techniques also express human thoughts and feelings.A.pictureB.oralC.standD.worldE.internationallyF.optionalG.resortH.vividI.earth J.accomplished K.transmits L.representM.negative N.intelligently O. translatesPassage3The future population will be older than today,and this in turn will change the patterns of social demands.However,Mexico will still be far from the"aging societies"that will most likely prevail(占优势)in the industrialized countries.In less than25years,the country will have to add almost as much infrastructure as it has already built up to now,simply to maintain services and production at the current levels. This will be a tremendous challenge,although a similar one was faced successfully in the recent past,when available infrastructure was doubled in two decades or so.It is no wonder that much has been said about the need to reduce or preferably halt Mexico's population control which is taken for granted as both good and necessary.It has also gained supporters in the developing world,and Mexico is no exception.But thearguments about population are complicated,as the following discussion illustrates.Even if Mexico's population reaches125million by the year2010,its population density is still smaller than the1985population density of some50countries.By international standards Mexico will still not be overpopulated by the year2010.If wealth is generated by people,the more individuals there are,the greater the wealth that potentially could be generated.Why should Mexico control its population at density levels below those of the richer countries if more population represents the possibility of generating more wealth?On the other hand,it is often pointed out that once sustainability(支撑力)limits are near or are reached,there are decreasing productivity gains(or,perhaps more accurately,increasing productive losses),and people become a cost rather than an asset.If we assume that there are sustainability limits and that we are close to reaching these limits at a world level,then it is appropriate to check population growth.21.According to the passage,the population argument is focused on_______.A.whether more people are a property or a costB.whether Mexico should control its population growth or notC.whether the density of population in Mexico is large or smallD.what the standard international sustainability limit is22.Which of the following is TRUE according to the first paragraph?A.Mexico has stepped into an aging society.B.It is not necessary for Mexico to control its population.C.Mexico population is younger than that of developed countries.D.It is not necessary for Mexico to develop its infrastructure.23.By"infrastructure"(Para.2)the author means_______.A.buildingsB.the basic framework of a country,such as schools,services,etc.C.social demandsD.services and production24.It may be inferred from the3rd paragraph that_______.A.it isn't necessary for Mexico to control its population growthB.population is likely to grow at a slower pace than in the pastC.the more people there are,the greater the wealth people could generateD.Mexico should control its population growth because she belongs to the developing countries25.To check population growth is necessary when_______.A.there are decreasing productivity gainsB.there are increasing productivity lossesC.we are close to reaching the sustainability limits at a world levelD.people become a costPassage4In many traditional societies a woman's role is restricted to that of mother(for the continuation of the race),and she is confined to family and household activities,including help out in the field and market. In some ethnic(种族的)communities in Indonesia,even today,women are supposed to do the hard labor in the rice fields,while men take it easy in their coffee shops.When I visited the island of Timor in eastern Indonesia in1987,I was told by friends that in the interior of the islands,where roads are still non-existent,villagers traveled to market either on foot or on horseback. It was a common sight to see the husband riding a horse,with his wife walking behind him carrying a heavy bundle of produce on her head to the market.On the island of Alor,also in eastern Indonesia,I met an old man aged about80years,proudly boasting to me that he had nine wives. "But you are a Catholic,"I said to him."How could you have nine wives?" He smiled,and said:"I married only once in church,but the other eight wives I married according to our traditional laws."In many ethnic communities in Indonesia the good woman or wife is one who obey her husband,who does not go around gossiping,who cleans her home and cooks good food for the family,who is diligent in the field,who does not visit friends too much,and who gives birth of lots of children,especiallyboys.In Indonesia many years ago the wives of government workers or members of the armed forces were organized into women's organizations.The leadership of these women's organizations was set up according to the hierarchical positions of the members'husbands.For example,the organization of women of personnel of a government ministry would automatically have as its chairperson the wife of the minister at the national level,and the chairperson of the provincial organization would be the wife of the governor,and so on to the lower administrative levels. It is amazing how a woman who may have an interest in being a leader nevertheless automatically becomes a chairperson because of the official position of her husband.When the husband is no longer minister or governor,she also automatically loses her position.Many of these women have complained to me that they feel this is a straitjacket(约束物) imposed on them,but they feel they have to accept the role for the sake of safeguarding their husbands'careers.26.In some ethnic districts in Indonesia women should_______.A.do household activitiesB.give birth of childrenC.do the hard labor in the fieldsD.all of the above27.In the2nd paragraph"roads"means_______.A.some roadsB.high waysC.country roadsD.heavy roads28.What does the question"How could you have nine wives?"imply?A.The old man is too old to have nine wives.B.The old man shouldn't have had nine wives.C.The old man could marry only once because he is member of the Church of Rome.D.The old man could have only a wife for he is a Christian.29.Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to Paragraph3?A.Women's organizations were set up in the government administrative levels and the armed forces.B.The head of the women's organization of a province must be the wife of the governor.C.All the leaders of the woman's organizations enjoyed their roles.D.The wife of a governor loses her leading position for the sake of her husband.30.The closest restatement of the last sentence in,the3rd paragraph is______.A.many women would hate to be the chairperson without considering their husband's careersB.many governors'wives complain they have to accept the chairperson rolesC.many women are forced to become the leaders of women's organizations in order to protect their husband's professionD.many governors'wives feel it necessary to accept the roles二、完型填空Exercise is good for you,but most people really know very little about how to exercise properly.1when you try,you can runsintostrouble.Many people2that when specific muscles are exercised,the fat in the neighbouring area is“3up”.Yet the4is that exercise burns fat from all over5.Studies show muscles which are not6lose their strength very quickly.To regain it needs48to72hours and exercise every other day will7a normal level of physical strength.To8weight you should always “work up a good sweat”when exercising.9sweating only10body temperature to prevent over heating.This is11water loss.12You replace the liquid,you replace the13.Walking is the best and easy-to-do exercise.It helps the circulation of blood14the body,and has a direct 15on your overall feeling of health.Experience says that20minutes’1617is minimun amount.18your breathing doesn’t return to normal state within minutes after you finish19,you’ve done20.1.A.While B.When C.As D.So2.A.understand B.believe C.hope D.know3.A.built B.burned C.piled D.grown4.A.reply B.possiblility C.truth D.reason5.A.arm B.leg C.stomach D.body6.A.exercised B.examined C.protected D.cured7.A.lose B.raise C.burn D.keep8.A.lose B.gain C.keep D.burn9.A.Certainly B.No C.Fortunately D.Probably10.A.raises B.reduces C.destroys D.keeps up11.A.how B.why C.nothing but D.more than12.A.While B.Once C.As D.Whenever13.A.weight B.muscle C.sweat D.strength14.A.over B.around C.throughout D.with15.A.effect e age D.affectcation B.sleep C.exercise D.rest17.A.one day B.a day C.everyday D.someday18.A.But if B.But C.If D.And if19.A.working B.walking C.exercising D.breathing20.A.enough B.much C.too much D.much too三、翻译1、他用所有的积蓄为儿子买了一辆自行车。
四级仔细阅读冲刺练习题及答案
四级仔细阅读冲刺练习题及答案In the 1960s, medical researchers Thomas Holmes and Richard Rahe developed a checklist ofstressful events.They appreciated the tricky point that anymajor change can be stressful.Negativeevents like “serious illness of a family member” were high on the list, but so weresome positive life-changing events, like marriage. When you takethe Holmes-Rahe test youmust remember thatthe score does not reflect how you dealwith stress—it only shows howmuch you have to deal with. And we now know that the way you handle these eventsdramatically affects your chances of stayinghealthy.By the early 1970s, hundreds of similar studies had followed Holmes and Rahe. And millions ofAmericans who work and live under stress worried over the reports. Somehow, the research gotboileddown to a memorable message. Women’s magazines ran headlines like “Stress causesillness!” If you want to stay physicallyand mentally healthy, the articles said, avoid stressfulevents.But such simplistic advice is impossible to follow. Even if stressful events are dangerous,many—like thedeath of a loved one—are impossible to avoid. Moreover, any warning to avoidallstressful events is a prescription 处方 for staying away from opportunities as well astrouble. Since any change can be stressful, a person who wanted to be completely free ofstress would nevermarry, have a child, take a new job or move.The notion that all stress makes you sick also ignores a lot of what we know about people. Itassumes we’re all vulnerable 脆弱的 and passive in the face of adversity 逆境. But whatabout humaninitiative and creativity? Many come through periods of stress with morephysical and mental vigor than they had before.We also know that a longtime without changeor challenge can lead toboredom, and physical and metal strain.1. The result of Holmes-Rahe’s medical research tells us ________.A. the way you handle major events may cause stressB. what should be done to avoid stressC. what kind of event would cause stressD. how to cope with sudden changes in life22. The studies on stress in the early 1970’s led to ________.A. widespread concern over its harmful effectsB. great panic over the mental disorder it could causeC. an intensive research into stress-related illnessesD. popular avoidance of stressful jobs23. The score of the Holmes-Rahe test shows ________.A. how much pressure you are underB. how positive events can change your lifeC. how stressful a major event can beD. how you can deal with life-changing events24. Why is “such simplistic advice” Line 1, Para. 3 impossible to follow?A. No one can stay on the same job for long.B. No prescription is effective in relieving stress.C. People have to get married someday.D. You could be missing opportunities as well.25. According to the passage people who have experienced ups and downs maybecome ____.A. nervous when faced with difficultiesB. physically and mentally strainedC. more capable of coping with adversityD. indifferent toward what happens to them1.[C] 事实细节题。
2020年英语四级(CET4)考试冲刺阅读提高训练(2)
2020年英语四级(CET4)考试冲刺阅读提高训练(2) Next time that you think you’re having a bad dayThe average cost of rehabilitate one seal after the Valdez oil spill in Alaska was $80,000. At a special ceremony, two of the most expensively-saved animals were released into the wild amid cheers and applause from onlookers. A minute later, a killer whale ate them both.In 1992, Frank Perkings in Los Angeles made an attempton the world flagpole-sitting record. Suffering from the flu, he came 8 hours shorter than the 400-day record; his sponsor has gone bust, his girlfriend had left him and his phone and electricity had been cut off.A woman came home to find her husband in the kitchen, shaking frantically with what looked like a wire running from his waist towards the electrical kettle. Intending to jolthim from the deadly current, she whacked him with a handyplank of wood by the back door, breaking his arm in two places. Until that moment, he had been happily listening tohis walkman.参考译文：当你觉得自己倒霉时，看看这个…阿拉斯加瓦尔迪兹发生石油泄漏以后，救援每只海豹的平均费用达到8万美元。
2020年公共英语考试四级阅读强化训练（五）
2020年公共英语考试四级阅读强化训练（五）2020年公共英语考试四级阅读强化训练（五）If ambition is to be well regarded, the rewards of ambition —wealth, distinction, control over one’s destiny —must be deemed worthy of the sacrifices made onambition’s behalf. If the tradition of ambition is to have vitality, it must be widely shared; and it especially must be highly regarded by people who are themselves admired, the educated not least among them. In an odd way, however, it is the educated who have claimed to have given up on ambition as an ideal. What is odd is that they have perhaps most benefited from ambition —if not always their own then that of their parents and grandparents. There is a heavy note of hypocrisy in this, a case of closing the barn door after the horses have escaped — with the educated themselves riding on them.Certainly people do not seem less interested in success and its signs now than formerly. Summer homes, European travel, BMWs —the locations, place names and name brands may change, but such items do not seem less in demand today than a decade or two years ago. What has happened is that people cannot confess fully to their dreams, as easily and openly as once they could, lest they be thought pushing, acquisitive and vulgar. Instead, we are treated to fine hypocritical spectacles, which now more than ever seem in ample supply： the critic of American materialism with a Southampton summer home; the publisher of radical books who takes his meals in three-star restaurants; the journalist advocating participatory democracy in all phases of life, whose own children are enrolled in private schools. For such people and many more perhaps not so exceptional, theproper formulation is, “Succeed at all costs but avoid appearing ambitious.”The attacks on ambition are many and come from various angles; its public defenders are few and unimpressive, where they are not extremely unattractive. As a result, the support for ambition as a healthy impulse, a quality to be admired and fixed in the mind of the young, is probably lower than it has ever been in the United States. This does not mean that ambition is at an end, that people no longer feel itsstirrings and promptings, but only that, no longer openly honored, it is less openly professed. Consequences follow from this, of course, some of which are that ambition is driven underground, or made sly. Such, then, is the way things stand：on the left angry critics, on the right stupid supporters, and in the middle, as usual, the majority of earnest people trying to get on in life.1. It is generally believed that ambition may be well regarded if ____.A. its returns well compensate for the sacrificesB. it is rewarded with money, fame and powerC. its goals are spiritual rather than materialD. it is shared by the rich and the famous2. The last sentence of the first paragraph most probably implies that it is ____.A. customary of the educated to discard ambition in wordsB. too late to check ambition once it has been let outC. dishonest to deny ambition after the fulfillment of the goalD. impractical for the educated to enjoy benefits from ambition3. Some people do not openly admit they have ambitionbecause ____.A. they think of it as immoralB. their pursuits are not fame or wealthC. ambition is not closely related to material benefitsD. they do not want to appear greedy and contemptible4. From the last paragraph the conclusion can be drawn that ambition should be maintained ____.A. secretly and vigorouslyB. openly and enthusiasticallyC. easily and momentarilyD. verbally and spiritually参考答案：ACDB。
大学英语专业四级阅读冲刺练习附答案
大学英语专业四级阅读冲刺练习附答案大学英语专业四级阅读冲刺练习附答案No garden without its weeds.以下是店铺为大家搜索整理的大学英语专业四级阅读冲刺练习附答案，希望能给大家带来帮助!Most young people enjoy some form of physical activity. It may be walking, cycling or swimming, or in winter, skating or skiing. It may be a game of some kind—football, hockey, golf, or tennis. It may be mountaineering.Those who have a passion for climbing high and difficult mountains are often looked upon withastonishment. Why are men and women willing to suffer and hardship, and to take risks on high mountains? This astonishment is caused probably by the difference between mountaineering and other forms of activity to which men give their leisure.Mountaineering is a sport and not a game. There are no man-made rules, as there are for such games as golf and football. There are, of course, rules of a different kind which it would be dangerous to ignore, but it is this freedom from man-made rules that makes mountaineeringattractive to many people. Those who climb mountains are free to use their own methods.If we compare mountaineering and other more familiar sports, we might think that one big difference is that mountaineering is not a "team game". We should be mistaken in this. There are, it is true, no " matches" between "teams" of climbers, but when climbers are on a rock face linked by a rope on which their lives may depend, there is obvious teamwork.The mountain climber knows that he may have to fight forces that are stronger and more powerful than man. He has to fight the forces of nature. His sport requires high mental and physicalqualities.A mountain climber continues to improve in skill year after year. A skier (滑雪手) is probably past his best by the age of thirty, and most international tennis champions are in their early twenties. But it is not unusual for a man of fifty or sixty to climb the highest mountains in the Alps. They may take more time than younger men, but they probably climb with more skill and less waste of efforts, and they certainly experience equal enjoyment.1. Mountaineering involves_______.A. coldB. hardshipC. physical riskD. all of the above2. The difference between a sport and a game has to do with the kind ofA. activityB. rulesC. uniformD. participants3. Mountaineering can be called a team sport becauseA. it is an Olympic eventB. teams compete against each otherC. mountaineers depend on each other while climbingD. there are 5 climbers in each team4. Mountaineers compete against_______.A. natureB. each otherB. other teams D: international standards5. The best title for the passage is_______.A. Mountaineering Is Different from Golf and FootballB. Mountaineering Is More Attractive than Other SportsC. MountaineeringD. Mountain Climbers答案：1.D2.B3.C4.A5.C。
2020年12月英语四级阅读冲刺试题及答案
2020年12月英语四级阅读冲刺试题及答案Section CDirections：There are 2 passages in this section．Each passage isfollowed by some questions or unfinished statements．For each ofthem there are four choices marked A.，B.，C.andD.．You should decide on the best choice and markthe corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre．Passage OneQuestions 56 to 60 are based on thefollowingpassage．They say that sticks and stones may break your bones，but words will never hurt you．Yet childhood bullying really can damage your long-term health．Gone are the days when bullying was considered aninevitable and ultimately harmless part of growing up—iustlast month we learned that childhood bullying can lead to poorer mental health even into middle age．Now William Copeland at Duke University in Durham，North Carolina，and his colleagues have shown that it can have lingering physiological effects too．They tracked 1420 9-year-olds right through their teens．Each child was seen upto nine times during the study and quizzed aboutbullying．The team then measured levels of C-reactive protein in their blood．CRP is a marker of inflammation(炎症)linkedto higher risk of cardiovascular disease (心血管疾病)and problems like diabetes．“Because we were collecting biological samples throughout，we were able to look at CRP levels in subjects prior to their bullying involvement．”says Copeland．“This really gives us an idea of the changes bullying brings about．”Although CRP levels naturally rise in everyone during adolescence，levels were highest in children who reported being tormented by bullies．Even at the ages of 1 9 and 2 1，children who had once been bullied had CRP levels about 1．4 times higher than peers who were neither perpetrators nor victims．In a cruel twist，the bullies had the lowest levels of all．s uggesting they didn’t suffer the same health risks． They may even see a benefit from theirbehavior,though Copeland stresses it doesn’t vindicate(辩护)their actions．“The goal would instead be to find other ways to produce this protective effect without it being at someone else’s expense，”he says．Andrea Danese at King’s College London has previously shown that maltreatment during childhood can lead to higll levels of inflammation in adult life．“This new study is a helpful addition in showing that these effects extend to another important childhood stressor,”he says．He suggests that care workers could monitor levels of CRP in children having psychotherapy to see if it is helping to soothe the stress of being bullied．56．What do you know about CRP?A.It is a symbol of the inflammation．B.It is a symbol of cardiovascular．C. It relates directly to diabetes．D.It is a symbol of physiological effects caused by bullying．57．What does Copeland mean by saying“prior to their bullying involvement”(Line 2，Para．4)?A.Before the children bullied others．B.Before the children were bullied．C.In preference to the children’s bullying behavior．D.In preference to the children’s being bullied．58．What can be learned from paragraph 5?A. The levels of CRP of the children being bullied are much higher than their peers．B. CRP levels naturally rise along with the increase of age．C.The bullies are not blamed for the health risks of the bullied．D. Copeland intends to defend the benefit of the bullies’a ctions．59．What does Andrea Danese suggest about childhood maltreatment?A. It has nothing to do with inflammation in adult life．B.Copeland’s study shows nothing related to it．C.CRP is the marker of childhood abuse．D. It has an influence on Children’s CRP levels．60．What is the main idea of this passage?A.Bullying is harmless to children’s growth．B.CRP levels reflect the risks of poorer health．C.Bullying does harm to a person all through his life．D.Children once bullied have higher CRP levels than peers who are not．Passage TwoQuestions 61 to65 are based on thefollowingpassage．Here’s a case study for would-be MBAs to consider：the success of H Mart．an international supermarket chain basedin New Jersey(the“H”in H Mart stands for Han Ah Reum．which means“one arm full of groceries”in Korean)．Tlle first H Mart opened in Queens，New York in 1982，as a corner shop．Now there are stores in 11 states，Canada andBritain．A new one recently opened in Cambridge．Massachusetts，an affluent city outside Boston．The future looks bright for Asian supermarkets like H Mart．Eamings of Asian-American households outpace the American average．Their spending exceeds all other groups，too，according to Geoscape，a consultancy．And they spend more of their money on groceries than the average America household．But Asian delicacies can be hard to come by：few Americans are likely to see durian or bamboo shoots in their local shop．Some specialty ingredients are only to be foundat a premium(高价)in up-market grocery stores，or miles away,in ethnic markets in older Asian neighborhpods．Americans have developed greater appetite for cooking and eating Asian foods，t00．In 2020 non．restaurant sales of Asian foods topped $1．5 billion，according to Mintel Group．a market．research firm．Though Latin foods are a bigger market，the popularity of Asian foods is growing faster．Once strange．seeming imports like seaweed and sashimi are now fashionable eats．Though the rate of growthis expected to fall，sales are likely to keep rising．Yet most Asian grocers have not made efforts to reach new customers，says Jeffrey Cohen，an analyst at IBIS World,an industries watcher．Many shops are located in minority enclaves，and do little to market themselves to other Americans．Cramped car parks and dingy interiors fend off customers used to the bright fluorescence(荧光)of mainstream supermarkets．Ingredients labeled with poorly-translated English Can leave shoppers bamed．A few Asian grocery chains have caught on，opening stores in more diverse suburbs，paying attention to cosmeticniceties(细节)and marketing more widely．Other than H Mart，there are Califomian chains such as 99 Ranch Market and Shun Fat Supermarket，which have been expanding to the American southwest．The former was even featured in a humorous YouTube music vide—“Asians Eat Weird Things”—which has attracted more than 900，000 hits．Those weird things may not seem so weird after all．61.What makes the future ofAsian supermarkets so bright?A.High income and spending ofAsian-AmeriCalls．B. High income ofAsians and unreachable Asian foods in local American shops．C.High expenditures of Asians on grocery．D.Low earnings of the other groups．62．What are the benefits ofAmericans’growing appetite for Asian foods?A. The increasing sales and popularity ofAsian foods．B.The expansion of Latin food market．C.The growing fondness of cooking．D.The AmeriCans’good cooking skills ofAsian foods．63．Whhat are the reasons for the unreachability ofAsian groceries to Americans?A. AmeriCans’dislike to Asian foods．B. Asians’unwillingness to do business with AmeriCans．C. The poor shopping environment and confusing English introduction of the goods．D. Americans’dislike to the English introduction of the goods．64．What do Asian do to develop their groceries?A. Open stores in suburbs and improve shopping environment．B. Market shops to more AmeriCans．C. Make use of the mass media．D.All ofthe above．65．What call be inferred fi'om this passage?n supermarkets will become more and more popular．B. Latin foods are less popular than Asian foods．C.Americans’incomes are lower than the Asians’．D.H Mart is all American international supermarket chain．56．What do you know about CRP?关于CRP你知道些什么?A.It is a symbol ofthe inflammation．它是炎症的标志物。
大学英语英语四级练习卷(最后含答案) (5)
大学英语四级试练习卷一、阅读理解阅读理解（一）Trees should only be pruned when there is a good and clear reason for doing so and,fortunately,the number of such reasons is small.Pruning involves the cutting away of obergrown and unwanted branches,and the inexperienced gardener can be encouraged by the thought that more damage results from doing it unnecessarily than from leaving the tree to grow in its own way.First,pruning may be done to make sure that trees have a desired shape or size.The object may be to get a tree of the right height,and at the same time to help the growth of small side branches which will thicken its appearance or give it a special shape.Secondly, pruning may be done to make the tree healthier.You may cut diseaed or dead wood,or branches that are rubbing against each other and thus cause wounds.The health of a tree may be encouraged by removing branches that are blocking up the centre and so preventing the free movement of air. One result of pruning is that an open wound is left on the tree and this provides an easy entry for disease,but itis a wound that will heal.Often there is a race between the healing and the desease as to whether the tree will live or die,so that there is a period when the tree is at risk. It should be the aim of every gardener to reduce which has been prunedsmooth and clean,for healing will be slowed down by roughness.You should allow the cut surface to dry for a few hurs and then paint it with one of the substances available from garden shops produced especially for this purpose.Pruning is usually without interference from the leaves and also it is very unlikely that the cuts yu make will bleeD.If this does happen,it is,of course,impossible to paint them properly.1.Pruning should be done to______.A.make the tree grow tallerB.improve the shape of the treeC.get rid of the small branchesD.make the small branches thicker2.Trees become unhealthy if the gardener______.A.allows too many branches to grow in the middleB.does not protect them from windC.forces them to grow too quicklyD.damages some of the small side branches3.Why is a special substance painted on the tree?A.To make a wound smoothB.To prevent disease entering a woundC.To cover a rough surfaceD.To help a wound to dry4.A good gardener prunes a tree______.A.at intervals throughout the yearB.as quickly as possibleC.occasionally when necessaryD.regular every winter5.What was the author's purpose when writing this?A.To give pratical instruction for pruning a tree.B.To give a general description of pruningC.To explain how trees develop diseasesD.To discuss different methods of pruning.阅读理解（二）Liberia,the oldest independent Negro state in West A frica,has been struggling for survial ever since its foundation in1822.Progress has been hampered by constant hostility between the American Negroes whose families returned there in the early19th century,and the West Africans whose ancestors never left the continent.Though the two groups are of the same race,they are divided by language and outlook and regard each other with deep suspicion creating a conflict which was not foreseen by Liberia's founders.In addition,neighboring states,nativetribel,disease,and poverty have made life dangerous and difficult.The government has tried desperately,through loans and a trickle of trade,to make ends meet.Anxiety about financial matters lessened somewhat when,in1910,the United States accepted responsibility for Liberia's sruvival.However,not until Harvey Firestone,the American rubber king,decided that the United States must produce itsown rubber----with Liberia as the site of the rubber plantations----did liberia have much hope of paying its debts and balancing its budget.The rubber industry,founded in the1920's,and theactivity that followed it brought both progerss and profit to Liberi A.Before that time Liberia had no roads,no mechanical transport and no good port;its people had little education and few tools.Liberians feel that the country is being ruled by rubber.For this reason,the recent discovery of iron ore is important.Liberian leaders are trying to moderate the power of the ruvver industry and to estaglish the country's political and economic independence.1.Liberia has been in idffculty since its independence mainly because______.A.the american negroes do not want to help the country.B.there have been constant hostillity and suspicion between different tribes in the country.C.there haven been constant hostility and suspicion between two groups of the same tride.D.the goverment has adoped a wrong policy 2."The government has tried desperately,through loans and a trickle of trade,to make ends meet."to make ends meet"means_______.A.the goverment has to borrow money from othersB.the goverment has to lend money to othersC.the goverment doesn't have to borrow or lend moneyD.the goverment has either to borrow or to lend money3.The country's finance began to improve a bit in________.A.1822B.1910C.1920D.1920's4.The Liberians's attitude on to improve a bit in_______.A.a total agreementB.a total disagreementC.a hostilityD.not a totalagreement5.The best title for this is_______.A.American Negroes in West AfricaB.liberia-----a poor countryC.liberia and its developmentD.liberia----a country with rich rubber and iron阅读理解（三）Personality is,to large extent,inherent--A-type parents usually bring about A-type offspring.But the environment must also have a profound effect,since if competition is improtant to the parents,it is likely to become a major factor lives of their children.One place where children soak up A characteristics is school,which is,by its very nature,a highly competitive institution.Too many schools adopt the"win at all costs"moral standard and measure their success by sporting achievements.The current passion for making children compete against their classmates or against the clock produces a two-layer system,in which competitive A types seem in some way better than thier B-type fellows.Being too keen to win can have dangerous consequences:remember that Pheidippides,the first marathonrunner,dropped dead seconds after saying:"Rejoice,we conquer!".By far the worst form of competition in school is the disproportionate emphasis on examinations.It is a rare school that allows pupils to concentrateon those things they do well.The merits of competition by examination are somewhat questionable,but competition in the certain knowledge of failure is positively harmful.Obviously,it is neither practical nor desirable that all A youngsters change into'B's.The would needs types,and schools have an important dutyto try to fit a child's personality to his possible future employment. It is top management.1.Acoording to the author,waht factors contribute to the building of personality?A.inheritanceB.inheritance,competition and environmentpetitionD.environment2.Which of the following statements is not ture according to the author of the?A.Schools usually adopt severe competitive policies.B.Students are often divided by competition results.C.School is place where children cultivate their characteristics.D.The stronger desire for winning,the better.3.The phrase"soak up"is closest in meaning to____.A.pull upB.take upC.take inD.pull in4.What attitude does the author hold toward examinations in schools?A.positiveB.negativeC.doubtfulD.neutral5.what suggestion does the author make concerning the management ofschools?A.All students be made into competitive A types.B.A child's personality be considered in regard to his possible future job.C.All students be changed into B characteristics.D.Schools abolish all forms of examinations.二、完型填空More and more students want to study in“hot”majors.1a result,many students want to2their interests and study in these3such as foreign languages,international business and law,et C.Fewer and fewer students choose scientific majors,4maths,physics and biology,and art majors, 5history,Chinese and philosophy.6students can study in these“hot”majors,because the number of these“hot”majors7limite D.If one8 interest in his work or study,9can he do well?I10this from one of my classmates.He is11the countryside.His parents are farmers.Though he12biology,he chose“international business”.He13to live a life which is different14of his parents.In the end,he found he15in doing business.He found all the subjects to be16.17this wouldn't have happened if he had chosen his major according to his own interests. Choosing a major in university18decide one's whole life.Majors19are not“hot”today may become the“hot”major of tomorrow.Choosing your major according to your own20is the bestway to succee D.1.A.Being B.For C.Having D.As2.A.give up B.appear C.give D.master3.A.place B.room C.areas D.space4.A.for example B.much as C.and so on D.as a result5.A.even B.like C.just D.or6.A.Only a few B.Quite a few C.Perhaps D.Many7.A.is B.are C.would be D.have been8.A.had no B.had C.has no D.has9.A.why B.and what C.how D.and how10.A.suggested B.guessed C.searched D.learned11.A.out of B.off C.in D.from12.A.studied B.likes C.learns D.succeeds to study13.A.wants B.doesn’t want C.enjoys D.doesn’t like14.A.from which B.from that C.for which D.for that15.A.was interested B.was clever C.was not interested D.was not clever16.A.lovely B.rare C.obvious D.tiresome17.A.So B.Then C.Just then D.Maybe18.A.can B.does not C.probably D.perhaps not to19.A.on which B.in which C.which D.——20.A.interests B.experience C.mind D.heart Cloze三、单词拼写1.Mr.Li moved to the seashore in his f______(四十来岁).2.H______(听到)the good news,we all jumped with joy.3.I changed into my sports shoes so that I could walk more c_______(舒服).4.W_______(星期三)is the fourth day of a week.5.Walking every day keep me f_____(健康)than before.参考答案：一、阅读理解：阅读理解（一）答案：BABCA阅读理解（二）答案：CCBDC阅读理解（三）答案：BDCCB二、完型填空1.【答案】D as a result表示“结果(是)……”。
四级仔细阅读冲刺练习题附答案解析
四级仔细阅读冲刺练习题附答案解析Taste is such a subjective matter that we don't usually conduct preference tests for food.The most you can say about anyone's preference, is that it's one person's opinion. But becausethe two big cola可乐 companies Coca-Cola and Pepsi Cola are marketed aggressively, we'vewondered how big a role taste preference actually plays in brand loyalty. We set up a tastetest that challenged people who identified themselves as either C0ca-Cola or Pepsi fans: Findyour brand in a blind tasting.We invited staff volunteers who had a strong liking for either Coca-Cola Classic 传统型or Pepsi,Diet 低糖的Coke, or Diet Pepsi-These were people who thought they'd have no trouble tellingtheir brand from the other brand. We eventually located 19 regular cola drinkers and 27 dietcola drinkers.We eventually located 19regular cola drinkers and 27diet cola drinkers. Then we fed them fourunidentifiedsamples of cola one at a time, regular colas for the one group, diet versions for theother. We asked themto tell us whether each sample was Coke or Pepsi; then we analyzed therecords statistically to compare the participants 'choices with what mere gum-work would haveaccomplished.Getting all four samples right was a tough test, but not too tough, we thought, for people whobelieved they could recognize their brand. In the end, only 7out of19regular cola drinkerscorrectly identified theirbrand of choicein all four trials. The diet-cola drinkers did a littleworse -only7of27identified all four samples correctly.While both groups did better than chance would predict, nearly half the participants in eachgroup made the wrong choice two or more times. Two people got all four samples wrong.Overall, half the participants did about as well on the last round of tasting as on the first, sofatigue, or taste burn out, was not a factor. Our preference test results suggest that only afew Pepsi participants and Coke fans may really be able to tell their favorite brand by taste andprice.1. According to the passage the preference test was conducted in order to _____.A. find out the role taste preference plays in a person's drinkingB. reveal which cola is more to the liking of the drinkersC. show that a person's opinion about taste is mere guess-workD. compare the ability of the participants in choosing their drinks2. The statistics recorded in the preference tests show _____.A. Coca-Cola and Pepsi are people's two most favorite drinksB. there is not much difference in taste between Coca-Cola and PepsiC. few people had trouble telling Coca-Cola from PepsiD. people's tastes differ from one another3. It is implied in the first paragraph that _____.A. the purpose of taste tests b to promote the sale of colasB. the improvement of quality is the chief concern of the two cola companiesC. the competition between the two colas is very strongD. blind tasting is necessary for identifying fans4. The word "burnout"Line4,Para.5 here refers to the state of _____.A. being seriously burnt in the skinB. being unable to burn for lack of fuelC. being badly damaged by fireD. being unable to function because of excessive use5. The author's purpose in writing this passage is to _____.A. show that taste preference is highly subjectiveB. argue that taste testing is an important marketing strategyC. emphasize that taste and price are closely related to each otherD. recommend that blind tasting be introduced in the quality control of colas1.[A] 第1段第3句提到，由于两大可乐公司的营销如此具有攻击性，我们不由想知道对味道的偏好在品牌忠诚度上起多大的作用，A与之相符。
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2020年英语四级阅读冲刺练习及答案(5) Passage 1
In the old days,children were familiar with birth and death as part of life. This is perhaps the first generation of American youngsters (年轻人)who have never been close by during the birth of a baby and have never experienced the death of a family member.
Nowadays when people grow old, we often send them to nursing homes. When they get sick，we transfer them to a hospital, where children are forbidden to visit terminally
ill patients—even when those patients are their parents. This deprives (剥夺)the dying patient of significant family members during the last few days of his life and it deprives the children of an experience of death, which is an important learning experience.
Some of my colleagues and I once interviewed and followed approximately 500 terminally ill patients in order to find out what they could teach us and how we could be of more benefit,not just to them but to the members of their families as well. We were most impressed by the fact that even those patients who were not told of their serious illness were quite aware of its potential outcome.
It is important for family members, and doctors and nurses to understand these patients'communications in order to truly understand their needs，fears，and fantasies (幻想). Most of our patients welcomed another human being with whom they could talk openly, honestly，and frankly about their trouble. Many of them shared with us their tremendous need to
be informed, to be kept up-to-date on their medical condition，and to be told when the end was near. We found out that patients who had been dealt with openly and frankly were
better able to cope with the approach of death and finally to reach a true stage of acceptance prior to death.
It may be concluded from the passage that__.
A. dying patients are afraid of being told of the
approach of death
B. dying patients should be truthfully informed of their condition
C. most doctors and nurses understand what dying patients need
D. most patients are unable to accept death until it is obviously inevitable
【讲解答案】
B推理题。
文章最后一段表明很多病人要求被告知实情，接受现代化的医疗，并告知其死期。
那些能够公开地坦诚地被告知的患者能更
好地对付死亡的临近，达到接受死亡的境界。
所以a、c、d 均可排除，B为准确答案。