翻译-Peak_Broadening_with_notes
高三英语二轮专题复习1-6动词与动词短语

第1章专题6动词与动词短语1.(2011·全国卷,10)Mary, I ________ John of his promise to help you.A.told B.remindedC.warned D.advised答案:B。
句意:玛丽,约翰承诺要帮助你,我提醒过他。
tell“告诉”;remind“提醒”;warn“警告”;advise“建议”。
2.(2011·湖北卷,26)Knowledge and learning are important if we want to be successful,but they may also ________ our thinking.A.direct B.limitC.change D.improve答案:B。
本题考查动词辨析。
句意:如果我们想要成功,知识与学习很重要,但也可能会限制我们的思维。
前句中提到important,而but一词又表示出两者之间的反差,而与其形成对比关系的只有B:限制。
3.(2011·湖北卷,27)The minister said,“We are ready for discussions with any legal parties,but we'll never ________ with criminals.”A.negotiate B.quarrelC.argue D.consult答案:A。
本题考查动词辨析。
句意:部长说道:“我们可以与任何一个合法的团队讨论,但不会与犯罪分子协商。
”根据语境,需要选择一个与discussion一词相近的词,而选项A与D都有商量的意思,但consult为及物动词,不需要跟介词搭配。
4.(2011·湖北卷,28)Clinical evidence began to ________,suggesting that the new drugs had a wider range of useful activities than had been predicted from experiments in animals.A.operate B.strengthenC.approve D.accumulate答案:D。
学术英语(社科)Unit7原文及翻译.doc

Introduction: Understanding the Impact of New Media on Journalism 1Journalism is undergoing a fundamental transformation, perhaps the most fundamental since the rise of the penny press of the mid-nineteenth century. In the twilight of the twentieth century and the dawn of the twenty-first, there is emerging a new form of journalism whose distinguishing qualitiesinclude ubiquitous news, global information access, instantaneous reporting, interactivity, multimedia content, and extreme content customization. In many ways this represents a potentially better form of journalism because it can reengage an increasingly distrusting and alienated audience. At the same time, it presents many threats to the most cherished values and standards of journalism. Authenticity of content, source verification, accuracy, and truth are all suspect in a medium where anyone with a computer and a modem can become a global publisher.2Although the easy answer is to point to the Internet, the reasons for the transformation of journalism are neither simple nor one-dimensional. Rather, a set of economic, regulatory, and cultural forces, driven by technological change, are converging to bring about a massive shift in the nature of journalism at the millennium.3The growth of a global economic system, made up of regional economies, all interrelated (witness the volatility in the world‟s financial markets in August 1998, when drops in Asian and Russian markets triggered drops in European and U.S. markets) and increasingly controlled by multinational corporate behemoths, has rewritten the financial basis for journalism and the media in general. Deregulation, as outlined in the U.S. Telecommunications Act of 1996 and简介:了解新媒体对新闻的影响1新闻业正在发生根本性的变革,或许最根本的变革是十九世纪中叶的便士报的崛起。
英语作文五带中文翻译

英语作文五带中文翻译Title: The Importance of Learning a Second Language。
标题,学习第二语言的重要性。
Learning a second language has become increasingly important in today's globalized world. With the rise of international trade, travel, and communication, being able to speak more than one language has become a valuable skill that can open up new opportunities in both personal and professional life. In this article, we will explore the benefits of learning a second language and why it is worth the time and effort.在当今全球化的世界中,学习第二语言变得越来越重要。
随着国际贸易、旅游和交流的增加,能够说多种语言已成为一项有价值的技能,可以在个人和职业生活中开辟新的机会。
在本文中,我们将探讨学习第二语言的好处以及为什么值得投入时间和精力。
Firstly, learning a second language can improvecognitive abilities and brain function. Research has shown that bilingual individuals have better memory, problem-solving skills, and overall cognitive flexibility. This is because learning a new language requires the brain to process and store information differently, which can leadto increased neural connections and improved cognitive function.首先,学习第二语言可以提高认知能力和大脑功能。
外研版九年级下Module5阅读理解专题练习及答案

2018-2019学年英语外研版九下M5阅读理解专题练习及答案第一部分(选自2019中考模拟题中的阅读理解)。
阅读下列短文,从每小题所给的选项中选出最佳选项。
Tu Youyou, an 84-year-old female(女性)scientist, became the first Chineseto win a Nobel Prize in science on Oct 5. Before that, she ever won the 2011 Lasker Award for finding out Artemisinin (Qinghaosu), which saved millions of lives. She was grateful(感激的)for the Lasker prize, but said, “It is just a scientist’s duty. I will go on fighting for the health of all humans.”Tu kept her work in the 1960s and 1970s. In that age, Malaria (疟疾) could took away people’s health. Scientists all over the world had already tried over 240,000 times but failed. Tu Youyou, a member of the Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, began to study Chinese herbs(中草药).Before 2011, people didn’t know Tu very much. Many friends played jokes with her “the Professor of Three None's” : no degree(学位), no study experience abroad, not a member of any Chinese national colleges. But she is hard-working. She read a lot of traditional Chinese medicine books and did a lot of researches on the disease.In February, 2012, Tu was named National Outstanding Females (One of the Ten) Tu is now a model of Chinese medical workers.1、Artemisinin is used to ________.A. make medicineB. make foodC. get awardD. do the experiment2. In the 1960s and 1970s________ could find ways to stop the Malaria.A. Scientists in ChinaB. only Tu YouyouC. Scientists all over the worldD. no scientist3. Tu Youyou became very famous _________.A. in the 1960sB. in 1970C. before 2011D. after 20124. From Tu Youyou's story, we know that she is a _______ woman.A. friendlyB. kindC. cleverD. hard-working5. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?A. Tu Youyou was the winner of 2011 Lasker Award.B. Tu Youyou was a professor of much experience abroad.C. Tu Youyou is the finder of Artemisinin.D. Tu Youyou was one of the ten “National Outstanding Females”.参考答案1—5、ADDDBKnives and forks areused for most food.finger foodRUDE!!!1. What time do western people usually have dinner?A. About midday.B. At 5:00 in the afternoon.C. Around 7 p.m. or even later.D. Before 7:00 in the afternoon.2. Most food in the West is eaten with ______________.A. spoonsB. chopsticksC. fingersD. knives and forks3. What will a host probably say to a guest at the start of a meal?A. “Can I help you?”B. “Eat slowly!”C. “Help yourself!”D. “Could you serve me?”4. When might people want to say, “I’m sorry, I can’t eat this.”?A. If they’ve been given something they don’t like.B. If they are full.C. If the hosts keep offering a lot of food to them.D. If they are not hungry.5. Which o f the following is helpful when you’re in the West according to the poster?A. You can leave as soon as you’ve finished eating.B. If you don’t know what to do, just watch the others and do as they do.C. You can’t eat chicken legs with your finge rs.D. The fork is held in your right hand and the knife in your left.参考答案1—5、CDCAB第二部分(选自2016中考模拟)阅读理解。
5月翻译资格英语高级口译实务试卷及答案

5月翻译资格英语高级口译实务试卷及答案Part ADirections: In this part of the test, you will hear 2 passages in English. After you have heard each paragraph, interpret in into Chinese. Start interpreting at the signal… and stop it at the signal… you may take notes while you are listening. Remember you will hear the passages only once. Now let’s begin Part A with the first passage.Passage 1:Since the early 1990’s, information technologies have fundamentally changed and will continue to change the world in which we live, work, study and communicate. Today, on the threshold of the 21st century, the global Information Revolution has become a reality. The accelerated development of information technologies is having an increasing impact on the global economic activity and social structures. More significantly, the nature of information technologies is undergoing a profound revolution. The multimedia information exchange has become digital, wireless, mobile, and interactive. Advanced electronic networks, particularly in the field of electronic commerce, are now allowing people to make the best use of business opportunities that are never before imagined.(参照答案)自从九十年代初以来,信息技术已经从根本上改变了并且继续改变着世界,改变着人们的居住、工作、学习和交际(方式)。
海南省高一英语上册2024-2025学年达标试题及答案

海南省高一英语上册2024-2025学年达标试题班级:________________ 学号:________________ 姓名:______________一、听力题(每题3分)Question 1:You will hear a conversation between a student and a teacher about an upcoming test.Conversation:Teacher: Remember, the math test is scheduled for next Tuesday, not Monday.Student: Oh, I thought it was Monday. Thanks for letting me know.Question: When is the math test?A. Monday.B. Tuesday.C. Wednesday.D. Thursday.Answer: BQuestion 2:Listen to a dialogue between two friends discussing their weekend plans.Conversation:Friend 1: What are you doing this weekend?Friend 2: I’m going hiking with my family in the mountains. How about you?Friend 1: I’m staying in to study for my English exam.Question: What is Friend 1 planning to do this weekend?A. Go hiking.B. Visit a museum.C. Study for an exam.D. Watch a movie.Answer: CQuestion 3:You will hear a short announcement about a library closure. Announcement:Attention, the school library will be closed tomorrow, Friday, due to maintenance work. It will reopen on Monday morning as usual.Question: When will the library reopen?A. Saturday.B. Sunday.C. Monday.D. Tuesday.Answer: CQuestion 4:Listen to a conversation in a restaurant between a customer and a waiter. Conversation:Customer: Can I have the steak well-done, please?Waiter: Of course, would you like any sides with that?Customer: Just a salad and a glass of water.Question: What did the customer order as a side dish?A. Fries.B. Soup.C. Salad.D. Bread.Answer: CQuestion 5:You will hear a short exchange between a student and a librarian about a book.Conversation:Student: Excuse me, do you have a copy of “The Great Gatsby” by F. Scott Fitzgerald?Librarian: Yes, we do. It’s on the shelf labeled “Classic Literature.”Question: Where can the student find the book “The Great Gatsby”?A. In the science section.B. On the classic literature shelf.C. In the children’s area.D. At the reference desk.Answer: B二、单选题(每题3分)1.Which of the following is NOT a type of sentence structure in English?A. Simple SentenceB. Compound-Complex SentenceC. Imperative SentenceD. Conjunctive SentenceAnswer: D2.The book,_______I borrowed from the library last week, is very interesting.A. whatB. whichC. whomD. whereAnswer: B3.She insisted that she_______the truth, no matter what the consequences might be.A. toldB. had toldC. tellD. would tellAnswer: C4.If I_______you, I would apologize to her for being late.A. amB. wereC. wasD. beAnswer: B5.The film was so_______that many people fell asleep in the cinema.A. excitingB. boredC. boringD. excitedAnswer: C三、多选题(每题4分)Question 1:Which of the following are characteristics of effective listening in English language learning?A) Maintaining eye contact with the speaker.B) Responding immediately without processing the information.C) Avoiding interrupting and allowing the speaker to finish.D) Focusing solely on vocabulary without considering context.E) Taking notes to remember key points.Answers: C, EQuestion 2:The following are examples of non-verbal communication except:A) Facial expressions.B) Tone of voice.C) Written messages in emails.D) Body language.E) Gestures.Answers: B, C (Note: While tone of voice can influence meaning, it is often considered a para-verbal communication aspect rather than purely non-verbal. Written messages are explicitly verbal communication.)Question 3:Which grammatical structures are used to express future actions in English?A) “I am going to” + verb.B) “I will” + verb.C) “I am” + verb-ing for all future actions.D) “By the time” + future time, + present perfect tense.E) “In the future” + simple present tense.Answers: A, B, DQuestion 4:Identify the literary devices used in the following sentence: “The moon, a silent witness to the world’s sorrows, cast a gentle glow upon the weary traveler.”A) PersonificationB) AlliterationC) MetaphorD) SimileE) HyperboleAnswers: A, CQuestion 5:Which of the following strategies can help improve reading comprehension in English?A) Scanning the text for specific information.B) Underlining or highlighting key words and phrases.C) Reading only the first and last sentences of each paragraph.D) Summarizing the main idea after reading each paragraph.E) Ignoring unfamiliar vocabulary and guessing its meaning from context.Answers: A, B, D, E四、阅读理解(每题4分)Title: The Benefits of Reading for TeenagersReading has always been considered a valuable activity, especially for teenagers who are at a crucial stage of their cognitive development. Not only does it enrich theirvocabulary and improve their writing skills, but it also has profound effects on theiremotional intelligence, imagination, and critical thinking abilities.•Reading exposes teenagers to diverse perspectives and cultures, broadening their horizons and fostering empathy.•It helps develop patience and focus, essential qualities in today’s fast-paced world.•Stories and novels stimulate the imagination, encouraging creative thinking and problem-solving skills.•Non-fiction texts, such as history and science books, provide factual knowledge and foster critical analysis.Questions:1.What is the main benefit of reading for teenagers mentioned in the passage? (4points)•Answer: It enriches their vocabulary and improves their writing skills, while also having profound effects on their emotional intelligence, imagination, and critical thinking abilities.2.How does reading contribute to teenagers’ understanding of different cultures? (4points)•Answer: Reading exposes teenagers to diverse perspectives and cultures, broadening their horizons and fostering empathy, thereby enhancing theirunderstanding of different cultures.3.What quality does reading help develop in teenagers that is crucial in today’ssociety? (4 points)•Answer: Reading helps develop patience and focus, which are essential qualities in today’s fast-paced world.4.How does fiction literature contribute to teenagers’ cognitive development? (4points)•Answer: Fiction literature, such as stories and novels, stimulates the imagination, encouraging creative thinking and problem-solving skills, which are crucial forcognitive development.5.Give an example of a non-fiction text that can enhance critical analysis skills amongteenagers. (4 points)•Answer: History and science books are examples of non-fiction texts that provide factual knowledge and foster critical analysis skills among teenagers.This section demonstrates how to create a reading comprehension passage withaccompanying questions and answers, tailored to the level and subject matter of asenior high school English class in China.五、作文(30分)Title: “The Importance of Perseverance in Pursuing Dreams”Instructions:Write an essay of no less than 150 words on the topic “The Importance of Perseverance in Pursuing Dreams.” In your essay, include your personal views, examples from real life or history, and how perseverance can help overcome obstacles in achieving goals.Example Essay:In the tapestry of life, perseverance stands as the golden thread that weaves together the fragments of our dreams into a coherent and meaningful pattern.It is the unwavering commitment to our aspirations, the unyielding spirit that refuses to be cowed by adversity. The importance of perseverance in pursuing dreams cannot be overstated, for it is the fuel that propels us forward when the road ahead seems treacherous and uncertain.History is replete with examples of individuals who triumphed over seemingly insurmountable odds through unrelenting perseverance. Consider Thomas Edison, whose relentless pursuit of a practical electric light bulb led to thousands of failed attempts. Yet, he famously remarked, “I have not failed.I’ve just found 10,000 ways that won’t work.” This indomitable spiritnot only illuminated the world but also serves as a beacon of hope for all who aspire to greatness.In our own lives, perseverance is equally crucial. It is the quiet determination that sees us through the long nights of studying for exams, the relentless practice that transforms a hobby into a mastery, and the unwavering faith that sustains us during moments of self-doubt. Without it, our dreams would remain mere fantasies, flickering like candles in the wind, easily extinguished by the first sign of adversity.Moreover, perseverance fosters resilience and character. It teaches us that success is not a destination but a journey filled with setbacks and challenges. Each obstacle we overcome strengthens our resolve, making us more capable and resilient in the face of future difficulties. It shapes us into individuals who are not afraid to fail, for we know that every failure is a step closer to success.In conclusion, perseverance is the cornerstone upon which dreams are built. It is the compass that guides us through the labyrinth of life, ensuring that we never lose sight of our aspirations. As we embark on our individual journeys, let us embrace perseverance as our most valuable companion, for it is the key that unlocks the doors to our dreams.。
必修二module 5单词课文翻译
M5headline n ['hedlain]['hɛd,laɪn](新闻报道等的)标题photograph n ['fəutəgrɑ:f]['fotə,græf]照片celebrity n [si'lebriti][sɪ'lɛbrətɪ]名人economy n [i'kɔnəmi][ɪ'kɑnəmɪ]经济politics n ['pɔlitiks]['pɑlətɪks]政治photographer n [fə'tɔgrəfə][fə'tɑgrəfɚ]摄影师cosmonaut n ['kɔzmənɔ:t]['kɑzmə,nɔt]宇航员navigator n ['nævi,geitə]['nævə,getɚ]领航员;(飞机的)驾驶员taikonaut n 太空人;宇航员universe n ['ju:nivə:s]['junə,vɝs]宇宙sailor n ['seilə]['selɚ]船员;水手orbit n ['ɔ:bit]['ɔrbɪt]轨道,vt 绕轨道飞行capsule n ['kæpsju:l]['kæps!]太空舱flight n [flait][flaɪt]飞行;班机congratulation n[kən,grætju'leiʃən][kən,grætʃə'leʃən]祝贺aboard adv [ə'bɔ:d][ə'bord]在船(飞机、火车、公共汽车)上welcome vt ['welkəm]['wɛlkəm欢迎historical adj [his'tɔ:rikəl][hɪs'tɔrɪk!]历史性的achievement n [ə'tʃi:vmənt][ə'tʃivmənt]成就;功业;伟绩replace vt [ri'pleis][rɪ'ples]代替;取代alien n ['eiljən]['elɪən]外星人amateur adj ['æmətə:]['æmə,tʃur]业余的astronomer n [ə'strɔnəmə][ə'strɑnəmɚ]天文学家autograph n ['ɔ:təgrɑ:f]['ɔtə,græf]亲笔签名delighted adj [di'laitid][dɪ'laɪtɪd]高兴的;快乐的fan n [fæn][fæn](电影等的)迷spaceship n['speisʃip]['spes,ʃɪp]宇宙飞船telescope n ['teliskəup]['tɛlə,skop]望远镜actor n['æktə]['æktɚ]演员backstage adv ['bæk'steidʒ]['bæk'stedʒ]在后台part n [pɑ:t][pɑrt]角色politician n [,pɔli'tiʃən][,pɑlə'tɪʃən]政治家belief n [bi'li:f][bɪ'lif]信念;信条disbelief n [,disbi'li:f][,dɪsbə'lif]不信;怀疑;疑惑evidence n ['evidəns]['ɛvədəns]证据cultural adj ['kʌltʃərəl]['kʌltʃərəl]文化的financial adj [fai'nænʃəl][faɪ'nænʃəl]金融的review n [ri'vju:][rɪ'vju]评论royal adj ['rɔiəl]['rɔɪəl]皇家的;皇室的found vt [faund][faund]创立;建立produce vt [prə'dju:s][prə'djus]创作MODULE 5 Newspapers and MagazinesChinese Taikonaut Back on Earth! 2 While he was travelling in space, Yang spoke to two astronauts aboard the International Space Station, which is orbiting the earth, American astronaut Edward Lu and Russian cosmonaut Y uri Malenchenko. Lu, whose parents were born in China, spoke to Yang in Chinese during his flight.“Welcome to space,”” he said. Malenchenko said, “I'm glad there is somebody else in space with us.It's great work by thousands and thousands of people from China.”” 3 Many countries around the world sent messages of congratulations. Sean Keefe from the NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) in the US said that Yang's space flight was “a n important historical achievement and NASA wishes China continuing success with its space flight programme”.United Nations Secretary?General Kofi Annan called the fight“a step forward for the whole world”.1. China's first taikonaut Lieutenant Colonel Yang Liwei landed safely this morning in the Shenzhou V capsule in Inner Mongolia, 300 kilometres northwest of Beijing.Yang was in space for twenty-one and a half hours and made 14 orbits of the earth."It is a great moment in the history of China—and also the greatest day of my life," said Yang.When he was orbiting in the capsule, he took photographs of planet earth."Our planet is so beautiful," he said.The Beijing Space Control Centre said the flight was a "complete success". When Yang landed, Premier Wen Jiabao telephoned the Control Centre to offer his congratulations.When Yang took off from Jiuquan in northwest China at 9 am yesterday, China became the third nation to send a man into space. Yang is the 438th person to travel in space, including astronauts from 32 countries.In total, these astronauts have spent more than 26,000 days in space.2. While he was travelling in space, Yang spoke to two astronauts aboard the International Space Station, which is orbiting the earth, American astronaut Edward Lu and Russian cosmonaut Yuri Malenchenko.Lu, whose parents were born in China, spoke to Yang in Chinese during his flight."Welcome to space," he said. Malenchenko said, "I am glad there is somebody else in space with us.It's great work by thousands and thousands of people from China." 3.Many countries around the world sent messages of congratulations.Sean O'Keefe from NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) in the US said that Yang's space flight was "an important historical achievement and NASA wishes China continuing success with its space flight programme".United Nations Secretary-General Kofi Annan called the flight "a step forward for the whole world".在太空旅行期间,杨跟在不断绕地球运转的太空站里的两位宇航员对了话,他们是美国宇航员爱德华.卢和俄罗斯宇航员尤里?马林年科。
学术英语写作杨新亮课文翻译
学术英语写作杨新亮课文翻译In recent years there has been considerable interest in explorin g the nature of expert performance across domains ( e.g.,Ericsson, Hoffman,Charness,Feltovich.2006;Ericsson Williams, 2007).For example,scientists with an interest in sports have analyzed the perceptualcognitive skills underpinning anticipation in this domain and identified how these processes are acquired through prolonged engagement in practice (for reviews, see Hodges, Huys, Starkes, 2O 07: Williams Ford. 2008 : Williams Ward, 2007 ).The scientific study of skill acquisition has along history in experimental psychology,dating back to the early st udies of Bryan and Harter (1899).In more recent times, Poulton (19 57) was the firstto systematically discriminate between different types of anticipati on judgements using experimetal methods common to this discipl ine. The scientific study of anticipation as a field of inquiry in its ow n right in sport psychologyhas a much shorter history, emergingprimarily in 1970s ( far a historical overview, see Williams. Davids. Williams, 1999).The majority of sport psychologists work in multi_d isciplinary departments where research in traditional discipline area s,such as physiology. psychology. and biomechanics, often develops somewhat independently of academic endeavour within the main disciplines themselves. The empirical findings that have been reported on anticipation in the field of sport psychology could therefore contribute to the generation of new knowledge on this topic in the parent discipline area, and part icularly in applied cognitive psychology.近年来,在探索专家性能的跨域的性质得到了相当大的兴趣(例如,爱立信,霍夫曼,feltovich查尼斯, 2006;爱立信威廉姆斯,2007)。
旅游的英语作文带翻译
旅游的英语作文带翻译(精选10篇)旅游的英语作文带翻译1It was sunny and warm today. I got up early. After breakfast I went to ..Mountain with my friend Li Lei. It took us about an hour to get there by bus. There were thousands of people. We joined them to climbthe mountain as soon as we got there. We felt tired but we kept climbing. It took us about an hour to get to the top of the mountain. The wind was so cool and the scenry was very beautiful. We had a picnic and then we walked down from the mountain. We were very happy that day. In the evening, I surfed the internet and then read an interesting book. Ireally had a meaningful and happy day.今天天气晴朗温暖。
我起得早,吃过早饭后我和朋友“李雷”去登某某山。
乘公共花月一个小时才到那。
那里有成千上万的人。
我们一到那就加入到爬山的队伍。
我们感到很累但仍然继续攀登。
一个小时登上了山顶。
风很凉爽,景色很美。
我们吃完野餐就下山了。
那天我们很快乐。
晚上我上网,然后看了一本非常有趣的书。
我几天过得很有意思很高兴。
旅游的英语作文带翻译2Travel is a very good means of broadening a persons perspective. It makes you come into contact with different cultures, meet people of different colors and go through peculiar rites and ceremonies.Travelling much, you will not only enrich your knowledge and experiences, but also be aware of the vastness of nature.Travel may also relieve person of boredom and gloom. Travel brings you enjoyment and attraction. It gives you a pleasant experience, which will disperse your boredom and make you forget whatever annoys you. Travel broadens your mind and leaves you good memories. Later, you may go over these memories and enjoy your past experiences,thus keeping a fresh and sunny mind.The fields his study, nature was his book.Travelers can choose different modes of transportation which have advantages and disadvantages. Airplanes are the fastest but also the most expensive. Buses and trains are less expensive, but they soon make you feel cramped and uncomfortable. Ships provide you with comfortunless you get seasick. Most people can afford traveling by bicycle, which, although slow, can limber up your muscles and get you closer to nature.旅游也可以缓解厌倦和悲观的人。
初一下册英语第二课上海教育出版社范文
初一下册英语第二课上海教育出版社范文全文共3篇示例,供读者参考篇1My Summer Vacation AdventureThe final bell rang on that warm June afternoon, signaling the wonderful beginning of summer vacation! After a long year of studies, tests, and getting up early, I was really looking forward to some relaxation and fun. Little did I know that this summer would turn into the adventure of a lifetime!The first couple of weeks were pretty typical - sleeping in late, playing video games, and just being a kid without any responsibilities. However, by mid-July I was getting really bored. My parents could sense my restlessness and knew I needed something more constructive to do with my free time. That's when my dad told me about his friend Mr. Wang and the special summer program he ran.Mr. Wang was an interesting elderly man who lived on the outskirts of the city near the mountains. For the last few decades, he had organized summer camps for young students focused on outdoor activities, personal growth, and cultural education. Hebelieved that getting kids away from the city, TV, and video games was crucial for developing important life skills like independence, perseverance, and appreciation for nature. My parents thought this could be a great opportunity for me, so they signed me up for the last two-week session in August.To be honest, I was pretty apprehensive at first about spending half of my precious summer vacation away from home and friends. However, my doubts quickly faded when I arrived at the remote campsite with its rustic log cabins, pristine lake, and towering peaks in the distance. There were about 20 other students, mostly around my age, plus several counselors and instructors. From the moment we stepped off the bus, there was a overwhelming feeling of excitement and adventure in the fresh mountain air.The daily schedule was jam-packed with activities from sunrise to sunset. We started each morning with aerobics and stretching, followed by a delicious campfire breakfast. Then came the learning activities which was my favorite part – we rotated between lessons on wilderness survival skills, native plant and animal species, traditional Chinese cultural activities like calligraphy and martial arts, and lectures from Mr. Wang focusing on ancient philosophies and ethics.The afternoons were for outdoor adventures like hiking, swimming, rock climbing, and orienteering exercises. By nightfall we were pretty exhausted, but still had enough energy for campfires, talent shows, ghoststories, and stargazing. I wasn't used to so much physical activity, but I was amazed at how quickly I built up my endurance and outdoor skills.Looking back now, there were so many incredible memories from those two weeks that I'll never forget. Like the time we got to go on an overnight camping trip, sleeping in tents and cooking meals over the open fire. Or when we climbed all the way up to the mountain peak at sunrise and saw the entire valley below us emerge from the shadows in a symphony of colors. I also remember how terrified I was when we had to do a high ropes challenge, suspending traverses and ZIPlines high up in the trees, but the sense of accomplishment when I faced my fears and completed it is something I'll always cherish.More importantly though, I gained so much more than just memories from the experience. Away from my normal surroundings, free from distractions, and taking on new challenges every day, I developed a much stronger sense of self-confidence, independence, and appreciation for the beauty of nature. The lessons from Mr. Wang on ethical teachingsopened my eyes to different philosophies on how to live a meaningful life. I made new friends that encouraged me and helped bring out the best in me. By the time I returned home, I felt like a different person - more mature, more capable, and with a new outlook on my priorities and goals.Looking ahead, I know the valuable lessons and growth I experienced at camp will stick with me for many years to come. Whether it's applying the persistence I learned when struggling through diffiicult hiking trails, or the environmental stewardship from understanding our connection to nature, or theself-discipline from practicing martial arts and calligraphy, I have a 'toolkit' of skills that will help me overcome future challenges.I am so grateful that my parents pushed me to try something new and outside my comfort zone that summer. What initially felt like a chore ended up shaping who I want to strive to become - an ethical person of character, willing to take on difficult challenges, while always maintaining awe and appreciation for the natural world around me. I can't wait to go back again next summer!篇2Looking Back on My First Year of Middle SchoolAs the school year comes to an end, I can't help but reflect on my experiences during this first year of middle school. It has been a rollercoaster ride filled with excitement, challenges, and personal growth.The transition from elementary school to middle school was daunting at first. I remember feeling a mix of nervousness and anticipation on the very first day. The campus seemed so vast, and the hallways were bustling with unfamiliar faces. However, it didn't take long for me to realize that I was not alone in this journey. Countless other students were navigating the same uncharted territory, and we quickly formed bonds over our shared experiences.One of the most significant adjustments was the increased academic workload. The subjects became more complex, and the expectations were higher. Initially, I found myself struggling to keep up with the pace. Late nights spent poring over textbooks and assignments became the norm. However, with time and perseverance, I developed better study habits and learned to manage my time more effectively.English class, in particular, posed a unique challenge. As a subject that requires constant practice and immersion, it was difficult to grasp the nuances of the language. I vividly rememberthe frustration I felt during those early days when I stumbled over unfamiliar vocabulary or struggled to construct coherent sentences. Yet, my determination to improve never wavered, and I sought guidance from my teachers and peers whenever I encountered difficulties.Gradually, the language started to feel more natural, and I found myself engaging in class discussions with growing confidence. The texts we studied opened my eyes to diverse cultures and perspectives, broadening my horizons in ways I had never imagined. From analyzing literary works to exploring global issues, each lesson was a fascinating journey into the depths of the English language and its rich tapestry of ideas.Extracurricular activities played a crucial role in shaping my middle school experience as well. I joined the school's drama club, which proved to be an incredible outlet for self-expression and creativity. Stepping onto the stage, reciting lines, and embodying different characters allowed me to break free from my shyness and develop a newfound sense of confidence.The friendships formed during this year were truly invaluable.I found myself surrounded by a diverse group of individuals, each with their own unique personalities and backgrounds. Through shared laughter, struggles, and experiences, we forgedbonds that transcended the classroom walls. These friendships taught me the importance of empathy, understanding, and supporting one another through thick and thin.Of course, the year was not without its challenges. There were moments when the workload seemed overwhelming, and the pressure to perform well weighed heavily on my shoulders. However, these obstacles only served to strengthen my resilience and determination. I learned to seek help when needed, to prioritize self-care, and to celebrate even the smallest victories along the way.As I look back on this incredible journey, I am filled with a sense of pride and gratitude. The lessons I learned extend far beyond the confines of academics. I gained invaluable life skills, such as time management, problem-solving, and the ability to adapt to new situations. Most importantly, I discovered more about myself – my strengths, weaknesses, and the boundless potential that lies within.While the path ahead may be uncertain, I approach the future with renewed confidence and excitement. The challenges and triumphs of this past year have equipped me with the tools and mindset necessary to embrace whatever lies ahead. I ameternally grateful for the experiences and memories that have shaped me into the person I am today.To my fellow classmates, teachers, and support system, thank you for being an integral part of this transformative journey. Here's to the countless adventures and milestones that await us in the years to come!篇3A Day in My LifeHey there! My name is Li Xiaoming and I'm a 13-year-old student in the 8th grade. Today, I thought I'd give you a glimpse into a typical day in my life. Buckle up, because it's a wild ride!My day starts at the ungodly hour of 6 AM when my alarm clock blares like a siren, jolting me out of my peaceful slumber. I groggily roll out of bed, rubbing the sleep from my eyes, and stumble into the bathroom to freshen up. After a quick shower and brushing my teeth, I put on my school uniform – a crisp white shirt and navy blue trousers.By 7 AM, I'm seated at the dining table, wolfing down a hearty breakfast prepared by my mom. She always makes sure I have a nutritious start to the day, usually consisting of steamed buns, porridge, and some fresh fruit. As I eat, I quickly skimthrough my notes for the day's lessons, trying to cram in as much information as possible.At 7:30 AM sharp, I grab my backpack, which feels like it weighs a ton with all the textbooks and notebooks crammed inside, and head out the door. I live just a few blocks away from school, so I usually walk or ride my trusty bicycle. The streets are bustling with people rushing to work or school, and the air is filled with the familiar sounds of honking cars and rumbling buses.I arrive at school just before the bell rings at 8 AM. My first class is usually English, which I really enjoy. Our teacher, Ms. Wang, is engaging and makes the lessons fun with her interactive activities and role-playing exercises. We're currently learning about different cultures and traditions around the world, which I find fascinating.After English, it's a whirlwind of classes – Math, Chinese, Physics, and History, among others. Each subject brings its own set of challenges, but I try my best to stay focused and participate actively in class discussions. During our breaks, my friends and I like to hang out in the school courtyard, chatting, joking around, and maybe even playing a quick game of basketball or badminton.Lunchtime rolls around at noon, and my rumbling stomach leads me straight to the cafeteria. The aroma of freshly cooked dishes wafts through the air, making my mouth water. I grab a tray and load it up with steaming bowls of rice, vegetables, and a hearty stir-fry. The cafeteria is always a lively place, filled with the chatter of hungry students and the clanging of chopsticks and spoons.After lunch, it's back to the grind with a couple more classes before the final bell rings at 4 PM. As I exit the school gates, I feel a sense of relief wash over me – another day of learning has come to an end! Depending on the day, I might have extracurricular activities like badminton practice or English club meetings, but today, I'm free to head home.Once I'm back home, I kick off my shoes and flop onto the couch for a well-deserved break. I might watch some TV or scroll through my social media feeds for a bit, catching up on the latest news and memes. But before long, it's time to tackle the dreaded homework assignments.I retreat to my room, spread out my books and notebooks on my desk, and get to work. Math problems, Chinese essays, and English comprehension exercises – they all require my undivided attention and perseverance. Sometimes, when I getstuck or frustrated, I take a short break to recharge and come back with a fresh perspective.Around 7 PM, my mom calls me for dinner, and I eagerly put my studies aside for a bit. We gather around the table as a family, sharing stories from our day and enjoying a delicioushome-cooked meal together. It's a precious time for us to connect and bond over good food and laughter.After dinner, I might have a little more homework to finish up or some studying to do for upcoming tests. But by 9 PM, I try to wrap things up and get ready for bed. I take a quick shower, brush my teeth, and then dive back into bed, ready to recharge for another day.As I lie there in the dark, my mind might wander, thinking about the day's events, the things I learned, or the dreams and aspirations I have for the future. But before long, I drift off to sleep, knowing that tomorrow will bring another exciting day filled with new challenges and opportunities.And that's a typical day in the life of a middle school student like me! It's a whirlwind of classes, activities, homework, and precious moments with family and friends. It's not always easy, but I try to make the most of every day, soaking up as much knowledge and experience as I can. After all, these are the yearsthat will shape me into the person I'll become. So, I'll keep pushing forward, one day at a time, embracing the journey and all the adventures that come with it.。
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金属套环不能固定在合适的位置就会发生渗漏。
现在请看我们这里展示的另一个例子[show wrong_connection_too_short.gif]。这里我们会看到管线的探出不够长。这个无用的空隙将产生一个混合腔或死体积,导致很差的峰形。
如果您使用了不同厂家的色谱柱,确保您使用了合适的接头以避免产生混合腔,或是由于金属套环固定位置不恰当带来的问题。
这是另一张图表[insert fitting type chart.jpg],您可以看到您可能用到的多种不同类型的接头,使用哪些取决于您仪器的供应商所能提供的种类。
我们会把这些参考资料放在下载区里供您参考。
Bill:这里我演示一下如何连接一个接头[voiceover with demo]。我首先选择一个对于我将会使用到的接口来说足够长的螺丝接头。注意图例中Valco和Waters螺丝接头的螺纹长度相对稍微长一些。考虑到我将来可能会用到这些商家的配件或色谱柱,我就采用了一个较长的安捷伦螺丝接头装在我的安捷伦仪器上。金属套环的后退安装位置,正如Bill所说的,对于减少接口处的扩散和防止色谱柱接口的损坏十分关键,因此理想的情况就是为将会使用接头的装置准备新接头。因此,装配这个接头时,我们首先要适当滑动螺丝接头到管线末端,再小心滑动金属套环到螺丝接头上面,并用手向接口内拧紧该组装配。[show]然后使用扳手轻轻地进一步旋紧它,这样管线就会被金属套环束缚住。可是不要拧得过紧,因为那将会降低接口的使用寿命。许多人总希望把它拧得很紧,这会导致接口渗漏,甚至是损坏。一旦您确信已经把接口装配完毕,我想您最好松开接口并检查一下金属套环在管线上的位置是否合适。
2)滑动螺丝接头到管线末端
3)小心滑动金属套环到螺丝接头上面,并用手向接口内拧紧该组装配。
4)然后使用扳手轻轻地进一步旋紧它,这就会使管线被金属套环束缚住。可是不要拧得过紧,因为那将会降低接口的使用寿命。
5)一旦您确信已经把接口装配完毕,请松开接口并检查一下金属套环在管线上的位置是否正确,管线只需稍微探出金属套环顶部一点点。
请看这里[indicate instrument with 30 cm column set up, and extra tubing]。运行旧的USP方法的色谱分析人员可能会使用这种配置。此时,额外的管线体积并不是一个很大的问题,因为它并没有超过那个非常大的色谱柱体积。
但是如果这名分析人员想要调整他的方法,使用较短的、更高效的色谱柱,例如Poroshell120色谱柱,这些额外的管线体积将会导致出现非常宽的峰。因此,这里展示的是采用更小色谱柱分析时您希望了解到的管线配置方式[show another instrument, set up with a shorter column and reduced tubing]。看这里[indicate]这些连接是多么短。而且,我们甚至使用了更窄内径的管线,即红色的0.12mm管线。
我们怎么解决这个问题呢?
引起峰展宽的原因有很多。一些可能的原因有:
-不合适的接头/连接
-不合理的仪器叠放
-多余的管线体积
-流动相问题
-系统参数设置(数据采集速率)
保证良好的连接
Bill:对于初用者,我们首先讨论正确的连接。我们的技术支持团队告诉我们他们发现导致峰展宽的首要问题是不正确的连接。
连接问题经常被误认为是色谱柱问题。我们推荐您使用Swagelok接头或者更好的手动拧紧接头,因为它们使用更容易。不同的制造商可能会使用不同种类的接头。这是我们推荐的不锈钢和聚合物材料接头的示例。您需要买的各种接头看起来非常相似,这里有个图表展示我们要表达的意思[insertfingertight_ fittings.jpg]。
进样的影响
Mike:现在让我们来讨论一下进样。就这个问题,我在其它内容里已经涉及许多,但是现在,我们只讨论标度您样品的进样体积对您色谱分析的结果是十分重要的。如果您的进样体积太大,色谱柱会超载并导致峰展宽,就像这一系列色谱图所展示的。[insert sample_loading_chromatogram.gif)
Bill:屏幕上我们正在展示一张我们视频记录中也有的图[insert 1260_ stacking.gif],来强调我们推荐的1260 Infinity色谱系统的叠放结构,在本例中,该色谱系统装备了低扩散的毛细管线。
这是另一张图,它详细描述了如果您正在使用一个质谱仪的话,您如何去优化您仪器的摆放[show inverted_setup.gif]。这里的关键是减少您连接组件时使用的管线数量。
Bill:我仅简单的使用零死体积的TCC温控模块。它非常的有用,并且很沉重,不能移动,但当您把住接头时,您可以空出一只手来推动管线。
Mike:这确实需要多出一只手来才能完成…
Bill:是啊…,重要的是您要保证探出金属套环的管线只有一点点。
在这种情况下,不合适的金属套环安装可以导致问题的产生。[showwrong_connection_too_long.gif – note that image is about 1” long]在第一个图中您可以看到管线探出太长了。
好,现在我们观察一下分别使用1、2、5和10µL进样量时的情况,您可以看到色谱峰是如何随着进样体积的增加而展宽的。
另外,样品中稀释溶剂的强度会影响峰形,这也可能是峰展宽的一种原因。
Bill:是的,是那样。请看这个例子[insertstrong_diluent_ example.gif],在低扩散系统中使用这个小规格色谱柱时பைடு நூலகம்进样5µL强溶剂造成了谱带展宽[point to green line]。并且进样10µL时,[point to pink line, and wider gap]峰对称性的损失成为一个显著的问题。这最终限制了检测灵敏度,除非通过蒸发浓缩分析物以支持更小的进样体积。
Bill:但是,我们当然需要知道从各个角度解决问题的有效方式。
Mike:非常正确。
MikeWoodman工作于AgilentMidwest Center of Excellence(安捷伦卓越的中西部中心),并且擅长安捷伦仪器的使用。BillLong是化学品及耗材部的一名资深应用科学家。
为什么会出现峰展宽
我们也将给大家看一个非常有用的管线规格参考表[show tubing_chart.jpg],都附有部件号,帮助您确定不同连接时所需要的管线种类。
这些记录可以下载,或者您可以在我们的网站上搜索“峰展宽视频记录”来获得。
Mike:好,到目前为止我们已经谈到了一些可以导致峰展宽的问题,但是涉及的仍有很多…
好,Mike,你可以开始下一个话题了。
Mike:好的,这是您应该知道的所有关于接头的内容!看起来很简单,但是对许多人来说却是容易出现问题的地方。
良好的线路连接是获得理想分析结果的关键。安捷伦推荐使用Swagelok接头或者更好的手动拧紧接头。
装配一个满意的接头:
1)选择一个对于您将要装配的接口来说足够长的螺丝接头。
金属套环在管线上的后退安装位置是很关键的,因此理想的情况就是为将会使用接头的系统准备接头,那么您就可以确保对于该仪器接口来说,金属套环在管线上的后退位置是合适的。
仪器的叠放和管线体积
Mike:现在,我们转换话题,讨论一下您仪器组件的安排问题。您仪器的安装方式会影响您的色谱分析结果,同时也能影响到您要使用的管线。但许多人并没有意识到这一点。[show examples of improperly stacked instrument and explain]
如果您观察到了峰展宽,您需要关注的另一个设置是流速或更适当的线速度。每种不同粒径的色谱柱填料都有一个最优的线速度,这需要通过试验来获得。[show]
数据采集速率是导致峰展宽的一种常见原因。您应该核查数据采集速率以确保它与您使用的色谱柱最适合。
通过调整检测器设置和/或不降低信噪比的、可能的最大的时间常量值来优化数据采集速率。ChemStation工作站的峰宽控制功能可以使您为分析方法选择适当的峰宽或响应时间参数。
要知道您所有组件的安全摆放非常重要。我们有最新型的LC支架,您可以购买它来帮助您实现最佳的系统叠放。它的部件号是5001-3726。
这样实验室看起来也很整洁。
另外,管线的体积也是您需要关注的,尤其是在您调整分析方法的时候。您仪器上多余的管线数量会随着您使用更高效和更小尺寸的色谱柱而对您仪器性能的影响变得越来越大。
文稿
边栏附注
前言
MichaelWoodman:嗨,大家好!我是MikeWoodman,是一名致力于安捷伦LC仪器性能研究的应用科学家。这是BillLong,是一名在化学品及耗材部工作的资深应用科学家。我们都是在HPLC应用方面工作多年的色谱专家。Bill解决色谱柱方面出现的问题,我更多的是关注仪器的性能。
Mike:如果使用常规的4.6mm内径色谱柱,10µL的进样体积看起来真的很小,但是如果我们希望节省溶剂和联用质谱仪时,所用色谱柱一般会非常小,所以进样体积,就像Bill早先说的,需要与柱体积匹配。
进样是另一个常见的引起峰展宽问题的原因。如果您的进样体积太大,色谱柱会超载并导致峰展宽。
梯度洗脱
Mike:迄今为止,我们仅仅从等度洗脱的角度讨论了峰展宽问题。如果您运行一个梯度洗脱方法,您会发现通常不会遇到那么多的峰展宽问题,因为梯度洗脱通常能减小谱带展宽。不过,如果您的梯度程序设计不合适,您可能会在运行的初始阶段观察到一些峰展宽,因为梯度运行的开始实际上是等度洗脱状态。这是梯度洗脱方法的延迟体积造成的。