英语学位论文写作课-示范课件-Research Paper Writing(4)
1989.
---.Textual Power: Literary Theory and the Teaching of English. New Haven: Yale UP, 1985.
Scholes, Robert, and Robert Kellogg, The Nature of Narrative. New York: Oxford UP, 1966.
Example:
Encyclopedia of Virginia. New York:
Somerset, 1993.
A Guide to Our Federal Lands. Washington:
Natl. Geographic Soc., 1984.
New York Public Library American History Desk Reference. New York: Macmillan, 1997.
The three hyphens are never used when you cite the same person as part of a different authorship:
Scholes, Robert. Protocols of Reading. New Haven: Yale UP,
York: Viking, 1996.
How to Compile a Bibliography
If your writing refers primarily to the versions of translation, you’ll have to cite the translator’s name in the place of the author’s name:
How to Compile a Bibliography
Example:
Dostoevsky, Feodor. Crime and Punishment. Trans.
Jessie Coulson. Ed. George Gibian. New York: Norton, 1964.
Homer. The Odyssey. Trans. Robert Fagles. New
Example:
Gilman, Sander, et al. Hysteria beyond Freud.
Berkeley: U of California P, 1993.
Quirk, Randolph, et al. A Comprehensive Grammar of the English Language. London:
Quirk, Randolph, Sidney Greenbaum, Geoffrey Leech,
and Jan Svartvik. A Comprehensive Grammar of the English Language. London: Longman, 1985.
How to Compile a Bibliography
How to Compile a Bibliography
Example:
Borroff, Marie. Language and the Past: Verbal Artistry in Frost, Stevens, and Moore. Chicago:
U of Chicago P, 1979.
Introduction to Research Paper Writing
How to Compile a Bibliography
Two or More Works by the Same Author: --- Give the name in the first entry only. --- In place of the name, type three hyphens. --- If the person named edited, translated or compiled the book, place a comma (not a period) after three hyphens. --- And write the appropriate abbreviation (ed., trans., or comp.) before giving the title.
Acad., 1992.
Public Agenda Foundation. The Health Care Crisis: Containing Costs, Expanding Coverage. New York:
McGraw, 1992.
How to Compile a Bibliography
How to Compile a Bibliography
A Translation: --- To cite a translation, state the author’s name first if you refer primarily to the work itself. --- Give the translator’s name, precede by trans., after the title. --- If the book also has an editor, give the editor’s name with appropriate abbreviations, in the order in which they appear on the title page:
D. Olander, eds. No Place Else: Explorations in Utopian and Dystopian Fiction. Carbondale:
Southern Illinois UP, 1987.
How to Compile a Bibliography
A Work by More than Two Authors: --- If there are more than three authors, you may name only the first and add “et al.” .
Longman, 1985.
How to Compile a Bibliography
You may also give all names in full:
Gilman, Sander, Helen King, Roy Porter, George
Rousseau, and Elaine Showalter. Hysteria beyond Freud. Berkeley: U of California P, 1993.
--- Alphabetize the entry by the title, ignoring any initial article “A”, “An”, or “The”. --- You will have to empty the space of the author’s name.
How to Compile a Bibliography
American Medical Association. The American Medical Association Encyclopedia of Medicine. New York:
Random, Bibliography
National Research Council. China and Global Change: Opportunities for Collaboration. Washington: Natl.
A Book by a Corporate Author: --- A corporate author may be a commission, an association, a committee, or any other group whose individual members are not identified on the title page. --- In this case, cite the corporate author directly:
---, trans. Sir Gawain and the Green Knight. New
York: Norton, 1967.
---, ed. Wallace Stevens: A Collection of Critical Essays. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice, 1963.
Hawkes, David, trans. The Story of the Stone. London: Penguin, 1980.
Yang Xianyi and Gladys Yang, trans. The Dream of Red Mansions. Beijing: Foreign Languages Press, 1978.
How to Compile a Bibliography
A Work by Two or More Authors: --- Give their names in the same order as on the title page --- not necessarily in alphabetical order. --- Reverse only the name of the first author, add a comma, --- and give the other name or names in normal form.
How to Compile a Bibliography
Example:
Eggins, Suzanne, and Diane Slade. Analyzing Casual Conversation. London: Cassell, 1997.
---.Textual Power: Literary Theory and the Teaching of English. New Haven: Yale UP, 1985.
Scholes, Robert, and Robert Kellogg, The Nature of Narrative. New York: Oxford UP, 1966.
Example:
Encyclopedia of Virginia. New York:
Somerset, 1993.
A Guide to Our Federal Lands. Washington:
Natl. Geographic Soc., 1984.
New York Public Library American History Desk Reference. New York: Macmillan, 1997.
The three hyphens are never used when you cite the same person as part of a different authorship:
Scholes, Robert. Protocols of Reading. New Haven: Yale UP,
York: Viking, 1996.
How to Compile a Bibliography
If your writing refers primarily to the versions of translation, you’ll have to cite the translator’s name in the place of the author’s name:
How to Compile a Bibliography
Example:
Dostoevsky, Feodor. Crime and Punishment. Trans.
Jessie Coulson. Ed. George Gibian. New York: Norton, 1964.
Homer. The Odyssey. Trans. Robert Fagles. New
Example:
Gilman, Sander, et al. Hysteria beyond Freud.
Berkeley: U of California P, 1993.
Quirk, Randolph, et al. A Comprehensive Grammar of the English Language. London:
Quirk, Randolph, Sidney Greenbaum, Geoffrey Leech,
and Jan Svartvik. A Comprehensive Grammar of the English Language. London: Longman, 1985.
How to Compile a Bibliography
How to Compile a Bibliography
Example:
Borroff, Marie. Language and the Past: Verbal Artistry in Frost, Stevens, and Moore. Chicago:
U of Chicago P, 1979.
Introduction to Research Paper Writing
How to Compile a Bibliography
Two or More Works by the Same Author: --- Give the name in the first entry only. --- In place of the name, type three hyphens. --- If the person named edited, translated or compiled the book, place a comma (not a period) after three hyphens. --- And write the appropriate abbreviation (ed., trans., or comp.) before giving the title.
Acad., 1992.
Public Agenda Foundation. The Health Care Crisis: Containing Costs, Expanding Coverage. New York:
McGraw, 1992.
How to Compile a Bibliography
How to Compile a Bibliography
A Translation: --- To cite a translation, state the author’s name first if you refer primarily to the work itself. --- Give the translator’s name, precede by trans., after the title. --- If the book also has an editor, give the editor’s name with appropriate abbreviations, in the order in which they appear on the title page:
D. Olander, eds. No Place Else: Explorations in Utopian and Dystopian Fiction. Carbondale:
Southern Illinois UP, 1987.
How to Compile a Bibliography
A Work by More than Two Authors: --- If there are more than three authors, you may name only the first and add “et al.” .
Longman, 1985.
How to Compile a Bibliography
You may also give all names in full:
Gilman, Sander, Helen King, Roy Porter, George
Rousseau, and Elaine Showalter. Hysteria beyond Freud. Berkeley: U of California P, 1993.
--- Alphabetize the entry by the title, ignoring any initial article “A”, “An”, or “The”. --- You will have to empty the space of the author’s name.
How to Compile a Bibliography
American Medical Association. The American Medical Association Encyclopedia of Medicine. New York:
Random, Bibliography
National Research Council. China and Global Change: Opportunities for Collaboration. Washington: Natl.
A Book by a Corporate Author: --- A corporate author may be a commission, an association, a committee, or any other group whose individual members are not identified on the title page. --- In this case, cite the corporate author directly:
---, trans. Sir Gawain and the Green Knight. New
York: Norton, 1967.
---, ed. Wallace Stevens: A Collection of Critical Essays. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice, 1963.
Hawkes, David, trans. The Story of the Stone. London: Penguin, 1980.
Yang Xianyi and Gladys Yang, trans. The Dream of Red Mansions. Beijing: Foreign Languages Press, 1978.
How to Compile a Bibliography
A Work by Two or More Authors: --- Give their names in the same order as on the title page --- not necessarily in alphabetical order. --- Reverse only the name of the first author, add a comma, --- and give the other name or names in normal form.
How to Compile a Bibliography
Example:
Eggins, Suzanne, and Diane Slade. Analyzing Casual Conversation. London: Cassell, 1997.
合集下载
写作 Unit5 Research Paper writing--by WHZ
• of finding research papers in many subject areas today, abstracts have become increasingly important. So everything relevant to potential readers should be in the abstract.
Writing the paper
Write a rough draft; Revise the draft as often as necessary; Edit the format of the text, citations, notes and bibliography according to the requirements of a journal you want to contribute this paper.
A Sample outline
I. Introduction II. Body A. Weight control 1. Aids self-control 2. Burns calories 3. Encourages a healthy diet 4. Suppresses appetite B. Psychological well-being 1. Aids sleep 2. Inhibits depression 3. Intensifies vitality III. Conclusion
• Figures (graphs, tables and diagrams) • Generalization of the results • Comments or explanations of the results
英文论文的写作English for writing research paper
§11.7What words should I capitalize?
capitalize each initial letter, apart from articles capitalize the first letter of the first word, and then to have all the other words in lower case
Preparation
§11.2 How can I make my title more dynamic?
(example) Similar words that are often redundant are: inquiry, analysis, evaluation, and assessment.
use an Advanced Scholar Search to check how frequently a word in your title is used.
§11.10 Will adjectives such as innovative and novel attract attention?
§1.6 Identify what the editor is looking
for
§1.7 Choose one paper as a model and note down useful phrases
That is written by a native English speaker, and that you enjoyed reading. As you read your model paper, note down some useful English phrases that the author uses.
how_to_write_a_research_paperPPT教学课件
Abstract
It provides an overview of the paper. The overview should present the main story and a few essential details. It should be neither vague and general, nor fussily detailed. Rather, it should be specific and selective.
How to write a research paper?
The basic components of a research paper
Text (正文)
• Title (标题) • Author (作者) • Abstract and Key Words (摘要和关键词) • Introduction (引言) • Materials and Methods (材料和方法) • Results (结果) • Discussion (讨论) • Acknowledgements (致谢) • Reference (参考文献)
Materials and Methods
This part tells the reader what was done and how it was done. It should provide sufficient details to allow a trained scientist to evaluate the study or to repeat the experiments exactly as thls who contributed substantively(实质上) to design and perform this study and to write this paper. The listing of authors should include those, and only those, who actively contributed to the overall design and execution of the experiments. Further, the authors should normally be listed in order of importance to the experiments.
英语学术论文写作 ppt课件
meaning and theme, thus striking the reader as having some deliberate and
unique artistic values in the novel and reinforce the theme of the novel with an
• William Faulkner (1897-1962 )
• TOPIC
• The repetition of certain nouns in the sound and the fury
• QUESTION
• What is the function of repetition in the novel?
学士论文的结构
• TITLE • ABSTRACT • ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS • CONTENTS • LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES (IF ANY) • INTRODUCTION • MAIN BODY • CONCLUSION • BIBLIOGRAPHY • APPENDICES ( IF ANY)
important.
• 优：because solvent reorganization is a potential contributor, the selection of data is very
important.
• B) 用“AND” 或 “OR” 时含义要明确，避免用斜线符号（/）。 • 劣：hot / cold extremes will damage the samples. • 优：hot and cold extremes will damage the samples.
• THESIS
unique artistic values in the novel and reinforce the theme of the novel with an
• William Faulkner (1897-1962 )
• TOPIC
• The repetition of certain nouns in the sound and the fury
• QUESTION
• What is the function of repetition in the novel?
学士论文的结构
• TITLE • ABSTRACT • ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS • CONTENTS • LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES (IF ANY) • INTRODUCTION • MAIN BODY • CONCLUSION • BIBLIOGRAPHY • APPENDICES ( IF ANY)
important.
• 优：because solvent reorganization is a potential contributor, the selection of data is very
important.
• B) 用“AND” 或 “OR” 时含义要明确，避免用斜线符号（/）。 • 劣：hot / cold extremes will damage the samples. • 优：hot and cold extremes will damage the samples.
• THESIS
WRITING RESEARCHPAPERS
(George Watson, Writing a Thesis. Sichuan University Press, 2003. P.7.)
研究问题， 研究问题，必须 “充分了解学术界在某一方的已有成 就” “充分掌握关于某一问题的所有资料” 充分掌握关于某一问题的所有资料”
张岱年，《谈学术论文的基本要求》，王力等，《怎样写学术论 文》，北京大学出版社1981年，第48-49页。
Research teaches the basic ingredients of argument: a research paper requires you to make a claim and support it with reasons and evidence.
A thesis is not a self-expressive activity, since a scholar does not write to express himself. He writes to contribute to a scholarly dialogue already under way, and one where his contribution will inevitably be viewed as part of a larger whole, …
WRITING RESEARCH PAPERS
--WORKING THROUG WRITING PROCESS Shi Jian (Stan) stanlyshi@ April, 2007
Write a paper that explores the former Berlin Wall as a symbol; What are you curious about? Find a problem, question, or issue that piques your interest and that requires research; Defend the contributions to American society of a famous but controversial person, such as Martin Luther King.
研究问题， 研究问题，必须 “充分了解学术界在某一方的已有成 就” “充分掌握关于某一问题的所有资料” 充分掌握关于某一问题的所有资料”
张岱年，《谈学术论文的基本要求》，王力等，《怎样写学术论 文》，北京大学出版社1981年，第48-49页。
Research teaches the basic ingredients of argument: a research paper requires you to make a claim and support it with reasons and evidence.
A thesis is not a self-expressive activity, since a scholar does not write to express himself. He writes to contribute to a scholarly dialogue already under way, and one where his contribution will inevitably be viewed as part of a larger whole, …
WRITING RESEARCH PAPERS
--WORKING THROUG WRITING PROCESS Shi Jian (Stan) stanlyshi@ April, 2007
Write a paper that explores the former Berlin Wall as a symbol; What are you curious about? Find a problem, question, or issue that piques your interest and that requires research; Defend the contributions to American society of a famous but controversial person, such as Martin Luther King.
写作Unit5ResearchPaperwriting--byWHZ-文档资料
Steps to a research paper
• Choosing the topic Specific topics make better papers than very broad or general ones. A broad topic: The Importance of Economics A specific topic: International Cooperation as Exemplified by the World Bank
Overview of a Research Paper
The front matter The body The end matter
The front matter
• Title: Research theme • Author’s name(s) • Abstract: Conceptional description (the scope); Procedures and methodology; Main findings, conclusion and implications or suggestions • key words : Terms to generalize research concerns
• It is aimed to tell other people your findings and claims on a selected topic.
Collecting information
Bibliographical information
When gathering second-hand information, jot down full bibliographical information (author, title, place of publication, publisher, date of publication, page numbers, URLs, creation or modification dates on Web pages, and your date of access) on your work sheet for later retrieval.
英语学位论文写作课-示范课件Research Paper Writing(1)
--- Thesis, Dissertation and Paper
Research Paper as a Form of Exploration:
--- Exploration of an idea, probation of an issue, solution of a problem or the making of an argument, all compel us to turn to outside help.
Basic Ideas
--- P.R. is the study of a subject through firsthand observation and investigation.
--- P.R. usually includes primary sources of statistic data in its analyzing a literary or historical text, scientific experiments, or survey of the interview.
Joseph Gibaldi, MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers (5th Edition), Shanghai Foreign Language
Education Press, 2001.
George Watson, Writing a Thesis, Sichuan University
Basic Ideas
c. dictionaries / encyclopedias / yearbooks d. biographical sources / statistical data, etc. Compiling a working bibliography: --- As you discover information and opinions on your topic, you should keep track of sources that you may use for your paper. --- A record of such sources is called a working bibliography. --- evaluating sources --- taking notes Edition of Citation and Bibliography:
Research Paper as a Form of Exploration:
--- Exploration of an idea, probation of an issue, solution of a problem or the making of an argument, all compel us to turn to outside help.
Basic Ideas
--- P.R. is the study of a subject through firsthand observation and investigation.
--- P.R. usually includes primary sources of statistic data in its analyzing a literary or historical text, scientific experiments, or survey of the interview.
Joseph Gibaldi, MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers (5th Edition), Shanghai Foreign Language
Education Press, 2001.
George Watson, Writing a Thesis, Sichuan University
Basic Ideas
c. dictionaries / encyclopedias / yearbooks d. biographical sources / statistical data, etc. Compiling a working bibliography: --- As you discover information and opinions on your topic, you should keep track of sources that you may use for your paper. --- A record of such sources is called a working bibliography. --- evaluating sources --- taking notes Edition of Citation and Bibliography:
Research-Paper-Writing-(5)
• 3. Statement(s) that indicate the need for more investigation. • In this part, after finishing the review of the literature, you should point out a gap, that is, an important area not investigated by other researchers. Just in there, you can make certain contribution by your research.
• • • • • • •
1. Overview of the experiment 2. Population/sample 3. Location 4. Restrictions/limiting conditions 5. Sampling technique 6. Procedures 7. Materials
• 1. Giving readers background information needed to understand your study. • 2. Assures readers that you are familiar with he important research that carried out • in your field of study. • 3. Establishes the study as one link in a chain of research that is developing and • enlarging knowledge in your field.
• 8. Variables • 9. Statistical treatment • The description of the steps you followed in conducting your study should be written clearly so that a reader in your field could accurately replicate your procedure. The best way, of course, to describe a procedure is step-by-step, or chronologically.
写作Unit5ResearchPaperwriting--byWHZ共47页文档
Research Paper
Chapter 5
Outline
Definition General steps Sections comprising a research paper
Definition
A research paper is a presentation of a researcher’s investigations on a selected topic backed up by the ideas or information of others in the field.
• A brief review of original hypothesis and other researchers’ findings
• Highlights or further explanations of the findings of the present study
Evaluating materials
Analyze, synthesize, sort and digest the information collected.
• Outlining the paper
An outline helps you to think through your topic carefully and organize it logically before you start writing.
Steps to a research paper
• Choosing the topic
Specific topics make better papers than very broad or general ones.
Chapter 5
Outline
Definition General steps Sections comprising a research paper
Definition
A research paper is a presentation of a researcher’s investigations on a selected topic backed up by the ideas or information of others in the field.
• A brief review of original hypothesis and other researchers’ findings
• Highlights or further explanations of the findings of the present study
Evaluating materials
Analyze, synthesize, sort and digest the information collected.
• Outlining the paper
An outline helps you to think through your topic carefully and organize it logically before you start writing.
Steps to a research paper
• Choosing the topic
Specific topics make better papers than very broad or general ones.
写作Unit5ResearchPaperwriting--byWHZ-PPT精品文档47页
A specific topic: International Cooperation
as Exemplified by the World Bank
• It is aimed to tell other people your findings and claims on a selected topic.
• Introduction • method • results or findings • discussion and conclusion
Introduction
• The purpose and background of present study
• The scope and focus to develop the study
• Problems, argumentation and hypothesis
Method
• Theoretical framework or models and research design
• Experimental apparatus and procedures
• Descriptions of data treatment
• Although (the research subject)…, (the related problem)
• …is as yet undetermined. • (The research subject)…; however, (the
related problem)…remains unsolved.
Research Paper
Chapter 5
Outline
Definition General steps Sections comprising a research paper
as Exemplified by the World Bank
• It is aimed to tell other people your findings and claims on a selected topic.
• Introduction • method • results or findings • discussion and conclusion
Introduction
• The purpose and background of present study
• The scope and focus to develop the study
• Problems, argumentation and hypothesis
Method
• Theoretical framework or models and research design
• Experimental apparatus and procedures
• Descriptions of data treatment
• Although (the research subject)…, (the related problem)
• …is as yet undetermined. • (The research subject)…; however, (the
related problem)…remains unsolved.
Research Paper
Chapter 5
Outline
Definition General steps Sections comprising a research paper