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Part I Each of the following statements below is followed by four alternative answers、Choose the one that would best complete the statement、
1、In American literature, the eighteen century was the age of the Enlightenment、__C_______ was the dominant spirit、
A、Humanism
B、Rationalism
C、Revolution
D、Evolution
2、Which statement about Franklin is not true? A
A、He instructed his countrymen as a printer、
B、He was a scientist、
C、He was a master of diplomacy、
D、He was a Puritan、
3、What is regarded as the first American prose epic? A
A、Nature
B、The Scarlet Letter
C、Walden
D、Moby-Dick
4、The Romanic Period of American literature started with the publication of Washington Irving's __A______ and ended with Whiteman's Leaves of Grass、
A、The Sketch Book
B、Tales of a Traveler
C、The Alhambra
D、A history of New York
5、In Hawthorne's The Scarlet Letter, "A" may stand for__D______、
A、Adultery
B、Angel
C、Amiable
D、All the above
6、In the middle of 19th century, America witnessed a cultural flowering which is called “_B____”。
A、the English Renaissance
B、the Second Renaissance
C、the American Renaissance
D、the Salem Renaissance
7、As a philosophical and literary movement, the main issues involved in the debate of Transcendentalism are generally concerning _A_____、
A、nature, man and the universe
B、the relationship between man and woman
C、the development of Romanticism in American literature
D、the cold, rigid rationalism of Unitarianism
8、In the history of American literature, ___C___ is usually agreed to be the summit of the American Romanticism、
A、the Harlem Renaissance
B、England Transcendentalism
C、New England Transcendentalism
D、New Transcendentalism
9、The period before the American Civil War is generally referred to as__C_________ 、
A、the Naturalist Period
B、the Modern Period
C、the Romantic Period
D、the Realistic Period
10、The Age of Realism is the literary history of the United States refers to the period from to_____A____、
A、1861 – 1914
B、1863 – 1918
C、1865 – 1914
D、1865 – 1918
11、Mark Twain, one of the greatest 19th century American writers, is well known for his__C______、
A、international theme
B、waste-land imagery
C、local color
D、symbolism
12、The impact of Darwin's evolutionary theory on the American thought and the influence of the nineteenth-century French literature on the American men of letters gave rise to yet another school of realism: American____B_______ 、
A、modernism
B、naturalism
C、vernacularism
D、local colorism
13、The great sea adventure story Moby-Dick is usually considered__B____、
A、a symbolic voyage of the mind in quest of the truth and knowledge of the universe
B、an adventurous exploration into man’s relationship with nature
C、a simple whaling tale or sea adventure
D、a symbolic voyage of the mind in quest of the artistic truth and beauty
14、In his poems, Walt Whitman is innovative in the terms of the form of his poetry, which is
called “_____A___、”
A、free verse
B、blank verse
C、alliteration
D、end rhyming
15、Which of the following is right about Emily Dickinson’s poems about nature？C
A、In them, she expressed her general affirmation about the relationship between man and nature、
B、Some of them showed her disbelief that there existed a mythical bond between man and nature、
C、Her poems reflected her feeling that nature is restorative to human beings、
D、Many of them showed her feeling of nature’s inscrutability and indifference to the life and interests of human beings、
Part II Read the quoted parts carefully and answer the questions in English、
16.Standing on the bare ground, --my head bathed by the blither air and uplifted into the infinite
space, --all mean egotism vanishes、I become a transparent eyeball; I am nothing; I see all; the currents of the Universal Being circulated though me; I am part or particle of God、
A.Which work is this fragment taken from?
Nature
B.How do you understand the philosophical ideas in these words?
1) He regards nature as the purest, and the most sanctifying moral influence on man, and
advocates a direct intuition of a spiritual and immanent God in nature、In this connection, Emerson’s emotional experiences are exemplary in more ways than one、2) Now this a moment of “conversion” when one feels completely merged with the outside world, when the soul has gone beyond the physical limits of the body to share the omniscience of the Over-soul、Emerson sees spirit pervading everywhere, not only in the soul of man, but behind nature, throughout nature、
17.The dominant spirit, however, that haunts this enchanted region, and seems to be
commander-in-chief of all the powers of the air, is the apparition of a figure on horseback, without head、It is said by some to be the ghost of a Hessian trooper, whose head had been carried away by a cannon-ball, in some nameless battle Revolutionary War、
A.Identify the work and the author、
B.The author also wrote another famous story that is about a henpecked man、Please identify
it and elaborates on the political standpoint of the author、
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名词解释： Imagism: It’s a poetic movement of England and the U.S. flourished from 1909 to 1917.The movement insists on the creation of images in poetry by “the direct treatment of the thing” and the economy of wording. The leaders of this movement were Ezra Pound and Amy Lowell. Beat generation: The term was coined by Jack Kerouac in 1948 to refer to a group of disillusioned writers following World War Two. Later, this literary and cultural movement continued into the 1960s. The Beat Generation must not be confused with the Lost Generation of writers. Spokesmen and representatives of the Beat Generation were Jack Kerouac, Allen Ginsberg and others. They revolted against an America that was materialistic, belligerent and frustrating. Social, intellectual and sexual freedom was advocated. Traditional culture and normal social behavior were attacked and violated. Many of them were drug addicts wearing long hair and dirty clothes. They were fond of slangs and jazz. Masterpieces created by writers of this g roup include Kerouac’s On the Road and Ginsberg’s Howl and Other Poems, which were regarded as pocket Bibles of that generation. Other prominent Beats include William S. Burroughs, Lawrence Ferlinghetti, Gregory Corso, Michael McClure, and Neal Cassady. The Beat Generation, had greatly influenced the countercultural movements of the 1960s and the adolescents and adults in other countries. In England, the “angry young men” made an echo and imitated the American “beatnik.” 二、1. Ralph Waldo Emerson: Nature: it is generally regarded as the Bible of New England Transcendentalism. The American Scholar:it has been regarded as “America’s Declaration of Intellectual Independence”. 2. Henry David Thoreau: Walden 3. Nathaniel Hawthorne: The Scarlet Letter: 主题：Hawthorne focuses his attention on the moral, emotional, and psychological effects or consequences of the sin on the people in general and those main characters in particular, so as to show us the tension between society and individuals. To Hawthorne, everybody is potentially a sinner, and great moral courage is therefore indispensable for the improvement of human nature. 4. Herman Melville: Moby Dick A. 作品分析： （1）Moby Dick represents the sum total of Melville’s bleak view of the world in which he lived. It is at once godless and purposeless. The loss of faith and the sense of futility and meaningless which characterize modern life of the West were expresse d in Melville’s work so well that the twentieth century has found it both fascinating and great. (2) One of the major themes of this novel is alienation, which exists in the life of Melville on different levels, between man and man, man and society, and man and nature. 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Parallelism and phonetic recurrence at the beginning of the lines contribute to the musicality of his poems. (3) Most of the pictures he painted with words are honest, undistorted images of different aspects of America of the day. (4) Whitman’s language is relatively simple and even rather crude. Another characteristic in Whitman’s language is his strong tendency to use oral English. Whitman’s vocabulary is amazing. He would use powerful, colorful, as well as rarely-used words. Leaves of Grass的分析： (1). Grass, the most common thing with the greatest vitality, is an image of the poet himself, a symbol of the then rising American nation and an embodiment of his ideals about democracy and freedom. (2). In this giant work, openness, freedom, and above all, individualism are all that concerned him. (3). In this book he also praises nature, democracy, labor and creation, and sings of man’s dignity and equality, and of th e brightest future of mankind. 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Indian Camp The title indicates that the material is contemporary and to some extent, representative of the early twentieth-century experience A reference to the well-know phrase from the Book of Common Prayer:" Give us peace in our time, O Lord," the title is very ironic because there is no peace at all in the stories In a chronological order, introduces Nick Adams to readers from his childhood to adolescence and manhood Nick watches his father deliver an Indian woman of a baby by Caesarian section, with a Jack-knife and without anesthesia. This incident brings the boy into contact with something that is perplexing and unpleasant, and is actually Nick's initiation into the pain and violence of birth and death. Most of Hemingway's later works are merely variations of the Nick Adams stories in In Our Time The Hemingway code heroes and grace under pressure They have seen the cold world, and for one cause, they boldly and courageously face the reality. They have an indestructible spirit for his optimistic view of life. Whatever the result is, they are ready to live with grace under pressure. No matter how tragic the ending is, they will never be defeated. Finally, they will be prevailing because of their indestructible spirit and courage. The iceberg technique Hemingway believes that a good writer does not need to reveal every detail of a character or action. The one-eighth is presented will suggest all other meaningful dimensions of the story. Thus, Hemingway’s language is symbolic and suggestive.