商务英语Business English Vocab
商务英语教程第一课基础工作词汇Business English Course 01
Lesson 1: Essential Job Vocabulary第1课：基本工作词汇Welcome to Lesson 1 of the Business English Course - Essential Job Vocabulary.欢迎学习第1课-基本工作词汇Where do you w ork?你在哪里工作Let's begin by answering the question, "Where do you work?" This seems like a simple question, but there are many ways to answer it:•I work at...•I work in...•I work for...•I work with...You're going to learn when to use each preposition.您将学习何时使用每个介词。
I work at/for... (name of company)我在XX（公司名称）工作/我为XX工作（公司名称）For example, "I work at Espresso English" or "I work for Nike." You can also use "for" if you work directly for a famous person: "I work for Tom Cruise. I'm his public relations manager.”例如，“我在Espresso English工作”或“我为耐克工作”。
如果您直接为一个名人工作，也可以使用“ for”：“我为Tom Cruise工作。
我是他的公共关系经理。
”I work in...我在XX(一个地方)工作...a place:一个地方：•I work in an o ffice. 我在办公室工作。
商务英语记单词
商务英语记单词English:When it comes to learning business English vocabulary, it is important to prioritize words and phrases that are commonly used in the business world. This includes terms related to finance, marketing, management, and communication. It can be helpful to focus on functional vocabulary that will be useful in various business situations, such as negotiating deals, presenting proposals, and discussing business strategies. It is also essential to learn industry-specific vocabulary for different sectors, as well as idiomatic expressions and phrasal verbs that are frequently used in professional settings. Additionally, staying updated with the latest business trends and news can provide opportunities to expand and reinforce business English vocabulary.中文翻译:学习商务英语词汇时，重要的是优先考虑那些在商业领域中常用的词语和短语。
这包括与财务、营销、管理和沟通相关的术语。
Bus English√
BUSINESS ENGLISH VOCABULARY1 ADVERTISING1 advertising agency n. company specializing in producing and placing advertisements for clients2 advertisement n. item of publicity for a product or service, in magazine, on TV, etc.3 classified ads n. small advertisements in magazine or newspaper categorized by subject4 double-page spread n. advertisement printed across 2 pages in a magazine or newspaper5 features n. special characteristics of a product, usually leading to certain benefits6 U.S.P. abbr. Unique Selling Proposition; what makes a product different from others7 coupon n. part of a printed advertisement used for ordering goods, samples, etc.8 circulation n. average number of copies of a magazine sold in a particular period9 billboard n. signboard, usually outdoors, for advertising posters; hoarding10 eye-catcher n. something that especially attracts one's attention11 commercial n. paid advertisement on radio or TV12 prime time n. hours on radio and TV with largest audience, especially the evening hours13 slot n. specific time in a broadcasting schedule, when a commercial may be shown14 poster n. large sheet of paper, usually illustrated, used as advertisement15 promote v. to increase sales of a product by publicizing and advertising it16 target n. objective; what one is aiming at, e.g., target audience17 benefit n. advantage of a product or service, usually derived from its features2 MARKETING1 trademark n. special symbol, design, word, etc., used to represent a product or firm2 brand n. a particular make of product3 label n. small piece of paper, metal, etc., on a product giving information about it4 registered adj. registered or officially recorded as a trademark5 product n. something made to be sold; merchandise [includes services]6 develop v. to create a new product or improve an existing one7 cost v. to estimate the price of making a product8 launch v. to introduce a new product, with publicity, etc.9 image n. the concept or perception of a firm or product held by the general public10 sponsor n. firm supporting an organization in return for advertising space11 end-user n. the person, customer, etc., who is the ultimate user of a product12 consumer n. the person who buys and uses a product or service13 market research n. study of consumers' needs & preferences, often for a particular product14 distribution n. the delivering of products to end-users, including advertising, storing, etc.15 mail order n. the selling of goods by post16 point of sale n. the place where a product is actually sold to the public17 public relations n. creation and maintenance of a good public image3 SALES1 product n. something made and usually for sale2 retail v. to sell in small quantities (as in a shop to the public)3 in bulk n. in large quantity, usually at a lower price4 wholesale v. to sell in bulk (as to a shop for resale to the public)5 lead n. useful indication of a possible customer to be followed up6 prospect n. a possible or probable customer; prospective customer7 cold call v. to telephone a prospect without previous contact8 customer n. a person who buys goods or services from a shop or business9 buyer n. any person who buys anything; a person employed by a firm to buy10 client n. a person who buys services from a lawyer, architect or other professionals11 discount n. a reduction in the price; a deduction [usually expressed as a percentage (%)]12 guarantee/warranty n. a promise that a product will be repaired or replaced, etc., if faulty13 close v. to finalize a deal or sale; to make a sale14 deal n. a business transaction15 service n. work done usually in return for payment16 follow up v. to continue to follow persistently; to maintain contact [e.g.: after a lead]17 after-sales service n. service that continues after a product has been sold [e.g.: repairs, etc.]4 COMPANY STRUCTURE1 agreement n. an arrangement between two or more people, countries, etc.; contract2 party n. the person or persons forming one side of an agreement3 terms n. conditions or stipulations4 hereinafter adv: in the following part (of this document, etc.)5 heretofore adv: up until now; until the present; before this6 in behalf of in the interests of, or for (person, etc.); on behalf of7 whereas conj: it being the case that; in view of the fact that [in introduction to contracts]8 stipulate v. to specify as an essential condition9 warrant v. to give formal assurance; to guarantee10 article n. a particular statement or stipulation in a contract, etc.; clause11 clause n. a particular statement or stipulation in a contract, etc.; article12 fulfill v: to satisfy a condition; to complete the required task13 arbitration n. settlement of a dispute by a person chosen by both parties14 condition n. anything necessary before the performance of something else15 null and void invalid; without legal force; not binding16 force majeure n. superior, power; unforeseeable event excusing one party from fulfilling contract17 appendix n. additional or supplementary material at end of contract, book, etc.5 MEETINGS1 conference n. formal meeting for discussion, esp. a regular one held by an organization2 videoconference n. conference of people in different locations linked by satellite, TV, etc.3 chairman/president n. the person who leads or presides at a meeting; chairperson; chair4 absent adj. not here; not at the meeting; not present5 apologies n. item on agenda announcing people who are absent; apologies for absence6 proxy vote n. a vote cast by one person for or in place of another7 agenda n. a written program or schedule for a meeting8 minutes n. a written record of everything said at a meeting9 matters arising n. item on agenda for discussion of what has happened as a result of last meeting10 item n. a separate point for discussion [as listed on an agenda]11 consensus n. general agreement12 unanimous adj. in complete agreement; united in opinion13 show of hands n. raised hands to express an opinion in a vote14 vote v. to express opinion in a group by voice or hand, etc.15 cast vote n. a deciding vote (usually by the chairman) when the votes are otherwise equal16 ballot n. a type of vote, usually in writing and usually secret17 decision n. a conclusion or resolution to do something6 PRESENTATIONS1 ambience n. atmosphere of a place2 audience rapport n. smooth relationship of presenter with audience3 body language n. non-verbal communication through facial expressions, body movements, etc.4 voice modulation modulating voice in speaking for effect5 handout n. anything (report, sample, etc.) handed or given to people at a presentation6 whiteboard n. large, flat, white surface or board on which to write or draw with markers7 flip chart n. a pad of large paper sheets on a stand for presenting information8 illustration n. a picture, drawing, or example to clarify or prove something9 marker n. a pen with a broad, felt tip for writing on whiteboards10 microphone n. electrical instrument that one speaks into for amplification of the voice, etc.11 overhead projector n. device that projects an overhead image onto a screen12 powerpoint n. digitized presentation on a computer13 pointer n. device (rod or electric torch, etc.) for indicating things on a map, screen, etc.14 screen n. large, flat, reflective white surface on which films, slides, etc., are projected15 signal v. to help the audience understand where one is in a presentation16 slide n. small (usually 35mm) photographic transparency17 visual aids n. things that one can look at in a presentation [e.g.: films, maps, charts, etc.]7 EMPLOYMENT1 employer n. person or firm who employs people2 personnel n. the people who work for a firm3 curriculum vitae/resumén. short account of one's education, career, etc.; CV;4 interview v. an oral examination of an applicant for a job5 6 benefitsperkn. rights and prerogatives from employment other than salaryabbr. perquisite; something additional to regular salary [e.g.: free meals; a car]7 maternity leave n. period of absence from work (primarily for a woman) when having a baby8 bonus n. additional pay given to employee as incentive or reward9 prospects n. opportunity for success, promotion, etc.10 recruit n. to look for and employ personnel11 salary n. a fixed, regular payment, usually monthly, made by employer to employee12 staff n. the people who work for a firm or a particular department; employees13 promotion n. advancement in rank or position14 dismiss/fire v. to remove or discharge from employment; to sack [colloq.]15 notice n. advance warning of intention to resign16 resign v. to give up a job17 retire v. to leave employment, esp. because of age8BANKING1 branch n. local office or bureau of a bank2 checkbook n. book containing detachable checks3 check n. written order to a bank to pay the stated sum from one's account4 current account n. bank a/c from which money may be drawn at any time; checking account5 deposit account n. bank a/c on which interest is paid; savings account6 balance n. the difference between credits and debits in an account7 statement n. a record of transactions in a bank account8 credit n. money in a bank a/c; sum added to a bank a/c; money lent by a bank9 credit card n. (plastic) card from a bank authorizing the purchasing of goods on credit10 debit n. a sum deducted from a bank account11 interest n. money paid for the use of money lent12 loan n. money lent by a bank, etc., and repaid with interest13 overdraft n. deficit in a bank account caused by withdrawing more money than is paid in14 pay in v. to deposit or put money in to a bank account15 payee n. person to whom money is paid16 withdraw v. to take money out of a bank account17 standing order n. an instruction to a bank to make regular payments9 MONEY1 banknote n: a piece of paper money; bill2 legal tender n: currency that cannot legally be refused in payment of a debt3 A.T.M. abbr. Automated Teller Machine; cash dispenser4 cash n. coins or bank notes; actual money paid (not credit)5 currency n. the money in general use or circulation in any country6 petty cash n. a cash fund for small, everyday expenses7 coin n: a piece of metal money8 soft currency n. currency that will probably fall in value and is not readily accepted9 hard currency n. currency that is steady in value and is readily accepted10 black market n. illegal traffic in officially controlled commodities such as foreign currency11 exchange rate n. the rate at which one currency can be exchanged for another12 cashier n. person dealing with cash transactions in a bank, store, etc.13 transaction n. a (usually commercial) exchange; a deal14 foreign exchange n: the currency of other countries15 invest v. to put money for profit into business, land, etc.16 speculate v. high risk buying of foreign currency, land, etc. for rapid gain17 PIN abbr. Personal Identification Number10 FINANCIAL TERMS1 corporation n. a group of peoplelegally authorized to act as a single entity.2 By-laws n. rules made by a company or society to control the actions of its members3 Certificate of incorporation n. a document attesting to the legal composition of a body4 equity n. the value of a stock issued by a corporation5 stocks n. capital of a corporation from subscription through shares6 real estate n. property consisting of land and/or buildings7 labor n. difficult work, often, physical; the social class that gets paid for manual efforts8 dividend n. a sum paid by a company as earnings or profit to stockholders9 bridge loan n. a sum of money lent by a bank to cover an interval between two transactions10 accounts payable/receivable n. money owed by a company to its creditors/debtors11 checking account n. a bank account that can be withdrawn with checks12 mutual funds n. a diversified investment program of shareholders professionally managed13 prime rate n. the lowest rate of interest money is commercially borrowed14 income statement n. periodic summary of earnings15 overhead adj. cost or expense incurred in running a business16 Treasury Bond n. government bond issued by the US treasury17 merchandise trade n. goods and services bought and sold11 CONTRACTS1 agreement n. an arrangement between two or more people, countries, etc.2 party n. the person or persons forming one side of an agreement3 terms n. conditions or stipulations4 hereinafter adv: in the following part (of this document, etc.)5 heretofore adv: up until now; until the present; before this6 in behalf of in the interests of (person, etc.); for (person, etc.); on behalf of7 whereas conj: it being the case that; in view of the fact that [in introduction to contracts]8 stipulate v. to specify as an essential condition9 warrant v. to give formal assurance; to guarantee10 article n. a particular statement or stipulation in a contract, etc.11 clause n. a particular statement or stipulation in a contract, etc.12 fulfill v: to satisfy a condition; to complete the required task13 arbitration n. settlement of a dispute by a person chosen by both parties14 condition n. anything necessary before the performance of something else15 null and void invalid; without legal force; not binding16 force majeure n. superior, power; unforeseeable event excusing one party from fulfilling contract17 appendix n. additional or supplementary material at end of contract, book, etc.12 LAW1 attorney n. a person appointed to act for or represent another;2 lawyer/barrister n. a person trained in law and who advises or represents others3 case n. statement of the facts in a trial, esp. the argument of one side4 brief n. instructions to a barrister; written statement of facts5 contract n. a formal agreement, usually in writing, between two or more parties6 sue v. to start legal action against someone in a court of law7 lawsuit n. a trial at court between two private parties8 trial n. a formal examination of a case in a court of law9 court of law n. the place where law cases are heard and decided10 judge n. official with authority to hear and decide cases in a court of law11 jury n. a group of people chosen to hear the evidence of a case and give a decision12 plead v. to defend a law case; to declare oneself to be guilty or not guilty13 evidence n. information presented to a court to prove or support a point in question14 sum up v. to summarize & review the evidence of a case15 sentence n. decision of a court, esp. as to the punishment16 verdict n. the formal decision or finding of a judge or jury17 guilty adj. responsible for wrong; culpable13 INSURANCE1 insurance broker n. agent who arranges insurance; middleman between insurer & policyholder2 policy n. a contract of insurance [e.g.: a product liability policy]3 actuary n. a person who calculates risks for insurance companies4 assessor n. a person who calculates the value of something [e.g.: a building, car, etc.]5 comprehensive n. [of an insurance policy] all-inclusive; providing complete protection6 premium n. a payment, usually monthly, yearly etc., for an insurance policy7 goods in transit n. property, merchandise or any goods in the process of being transported8 risk n. chance or possibility of injury, loss, etc.; person or thing causing risk9 claim n. an application for payment under an insurance policy10 consequential loss n. a loss that happens as a consequence of or as a result of another11 employer's liability n. liability or responsibility of a firm for damage caused to one of its employees12 liability n. the state of being liable; anything for which a person is liable13 liable adj. legally obliged to pay for damage, injury, etc.; responsible14 loss n. death, injury, damage, etc., that is the basis for a claim15 product liability n. liability or responsibility of a firm for damage caused by one of its products16 public liability n. responsibility of a firm for damage caused to a member of the public17 reinsurance n. the insuring of risk by one insurance company with another14 IMPORT-EXPORT1 shipping agent n. a person acting for or representing a ship or ships at a port2 ship v. to send or transport by land, sea or air3 quay n. a solid, artificial landing place for (un)loading ships; wharf4 freight n. goods being transported; cargo5 packing list n. a document that is sent with goods to show that they have been checked6 pro forma invoice n. an invoice or request for payment sent in advance of goods supplied7 letter of credit n. a letter from a bank authorizing a person to draw money from another bank8 certificate of origin n. a document that shows where goods come from9 bill of lading n. list of goods and shipping instructions; waybill10 cargo n. goods or products that are being transported or shipped11 merchandise n. things bought and sold; commodities; wares12 container n. huge box to hold goods for transport13 f.o.b. abbr. free on board: includes loading onto ship14 waybill n. list of goods and shipping instructions; bill of lading15 customs n. government tax or duty on imported goods; officials who collect this tax16 declare v. to make a statement of taxable goods17 irrevocable adj. that cannot be undone; unalterable(Part of speech designation - n., v., adj., adv., etc.,- is not meant to be exclusive, or limiting.)。
商务英语 背单词
商务英语背单词English:When learning business English vocabulary, it's essential to prioritize words that are commonly used in professional contexts. Start by focusing on terms related to your specific industry or field, as these will be the most relevant to your work. Additionally, pay attention to words that frequently appear in business communication, such as "negotiation," "strategy," "marketing," and "budget." Understanding these terms will not only improve your comprehension of business documents and conversations but also enhance your ability to participate effectively in meetings and discussions. To reinforce your learning, create flashcards or use vocabulary-building apps that allow you to review and practice regularly. Furthermore, seek opportunities to apply newly acquired vocabulary in real-world situations, whether through writing emails, participating in presentations, or engaging in discussions with colleagues. Consistent practice and exposure to business English vocabulary will gradually enhance your language proficiency and boost your confidence in professional settings.中文翻译:在学习商务英语词汇时，重点应放在在职业环境中常用的词汇上。
体验商务英语第一册课件U
Business Telephone Communication Skills
电话礼仪
在商务场合中，正确的电话礼仪是非常重要的。使用礼貌的语言，清晰地表达，以及在合适的时候结束通话，都是电话礼仪的基本要素。
有效倾听
在电话交流中，有效的倾听是关键。要确保你完全理解对方的意思，不要打断对方，等他们说完再回应。
提问技巧
在商务电话中，提问的技巧同样重要。使用开放性问题来获取更多信息，避免是或否的封闭式问题。
商务电子邮件应该简洁明了，直接进入主题。避免使用冗长的句子和复杂的词汇。
清晰简洁
正式语言
结尾礼貌用语
使用正式的语言是商务电子邮件的基本要求。避免使用口语化和随意的语言。
在电子邮件的结尾，使用礼貌用语可以增加你的专业形象。例如，"Best regards," "Sincerely," 等。
Contract Terms
Ensuring that both parties comply with the terms of the contract and handling any breaches or disputes that may arise.
Contract Performance
Business Protocol
Understanding and respecting different business etiquette and protocol, such as greetings, gift-giving, and dining etiquette.
Conflict Resolution
Signing and Performance of Business Contracts
Business English商务英语课件
The format of a letter: P. 21
Text 4. Summaries, notes, reports Vocabulary
trade exhibition/fair company stand enquiry sales manager sales representative discount
Business English
Text 1. Face to Face First impression… What impression do you try to give to the people you deal with in business? I try to be: pleasant, sincere, efficient, alert, distinct, friendly, confident, calm, honest, skillful, intelligent, nice, helpful, polite…
P. 55-56 P. 58, 59 P. 63
No.4
Text 6. International trade Vocabulary: consignment (on consignment) warehouse deliver/delivery enquire v. (make an enquiry) redundancy
homework: 1. text book: P.43, 44, 46, 48 2. workbook: P31-35 (5.1; 5.2; 5.art One Memo, note（上级写给下级）, email（可以 是上级写给下级也可以是同级的同事）
No.2
Workbook: Text 1 Vocabulary: crash course keep…confidential (confidence) subsidiary /branch slot / position
商务英语常用单词
商务英语常用单词Business English Common VocabularyIn the realm of international business, a strong command of English is often essential for effective communication. Below is a curated list of common business English words that are frequently used in professional settings:1. Management and Leadership- CEO (Chief Executive Officer)- COO (Chief Operating Officer)- CFO (Chief Financial Officer)- HR (Human Resources)- Manager- Team Leader- Strategic Planning- Leadership2. Finance and Accounting- Budget- Revenue- Profit- Loss- Assets- Liabilities- Equity- Invoice- Tax3. Marketing and Sales - Marketing- Sales- Brand- Product- Promotion- Customer Service- Advertising- Campaign4. Operations and Logistics - Supply Chain- Inventory- Distribution- Logistics- Procurement- Production- Quality Control5. Information Technology- IT (Information Technology) - Software- Hardware- Network- Data Analysis- Cybersecurity- Cloud Computing6. Project Management - Project- Deadline- Milestone- Task- Risk Assessment- Stakeholder- Budgeting7. Human Resources- Recruitment- Interview- Resume- Salary- Benefits- Training- Performance Review8. Legal and Compliance - Contract- Agreement- Licensing- Regulation- Compliance- Patent- Intellectual Property 9. International Trade - Export- Import- Tariff- Quota- Customs- Free Trade Agreement (FTA)- World Trade Organization (WTO)10. General Business Terms- Meeting- Presentation- Collaboration- Innovation- Efficiency- Sustainability- Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)Mastering these terms can significantly enhance one's ability to participate in business discussions and negotiations. It's important to not only know the definitions but also to understand the context in which they are used to ensure clear and professional communication.。
bec商务英语单词
bec商务英语单词Business English Vocabulary。
Business English vocabulary is essential for anyone who wants to succeed in the global business world. Whether you are a student, a job seeker, or a professional, having a strong command of business English vocabulary will give you a competitive edge and open up a world of opportunities. In this article, we will explore some key business English words and phrases that you need to know in order to communicate effectively in a professional setting.1. Communication。
Effective communication is the cornerstone of any successful business. In order to communicate effectively, you need to be able to express yourself clearly and confidently. This requires a strong grasp of business English vocabulary, including words and phrases related to meetings, negotiations, presentations, and written communication. For example, you should be familiar with words such as "agenda," "proposal," "conclusion," "feedback," and "action plan."2. Leadership。
Business English 商务英语
Unit 1 Big Names★Speaking –Listen and fill in the blanks with what you hear.ECONOMICS REPORT - Fortune 500 ListFor fifty years, the business magazine Fortune has published a list of the five-hundred biggest companies in the United States. The new Fortune five-hundred list has come out. For the third year, the magazine names Wal-Mart the biggest company in America.Wal-Mart is known for low prices in its stores. The company had sales of about two-hundred-fifty-nine-thousand-million dollars last year. Wal-Mart is first on the Fortune five-hundred list by revenue, or the total amount of money it received. Second is Exxon Mobil.But Exxon Mobil is first in profit among the five-hundred companies listed by Fortune magazine. The company recorded earnings of more than twenty-one-thousand-million dollars in two-thousand-three. Wal-Mart had a profit of nine-thousand-million dollars. That puts Wal-Mart in eighth place on the list of the most profitable companies in America.The new Fortune five-hundred list rates General Motors as the third largest company in the nation, down from second place last year. The Ford Motor Company is fourth. And fifth is General Electric.Two more oil companies are sixth and seventh on the list. Like Exxon Mobil, high oil prices helped sales at ChevronT exaco and ConocoPhillips last year.Citigroup is eighth on the Fortune five-hundred list by revenue. But the financial services company is second in profits. Citigroup recorded earnings of nearly eighteen-thousand-million dollars last year. Ninth on the Fortune five-hundred list is International Business Machines, the computer maker known as I.B.M. And the tenth biggest money-maker in the United States is the insurance company American International Group, or A.I.G.The Fortune five-hundred list is part of American business culture. But only public companies appear on the list. Public companies sell their shares of ownership on a stock exchange to any investor. They must also release their financial information.Together, the largest American companies had record sales last year. Low interest rates meant that people and businesses had more money to spend. Fortune also notes the tax cuts and spending increases by the Bush administration. The magazine says few observers had expected such a widespread profit recovery following two years of poor results.★Translation –Write down the Chinese meaning of each abbreviation and its full name.1.Co. 公司、商号（Company）2.Ltd.(Co., Ltd) 股份有限公司Limited liability company）3.Corp. 法人、公司（Corporation）4.Inc. （美）股份有限公司（Incorporated）★Translation –Translate the following.1.建立一家公司build up/set up/establish/found a company2.listed/public company上市公司3.通用汽车公司General Motor Corporation4.accounting firm会计师事务所5.South China House of T echnology Consultants Ltd., 中国南方科技顾问有限公司6.中国电子进出口公司China National Electronics Import and Export Corporation7.Smith等人合办的公司去年盈利十亿美元。
商务英语ppt课件
A language that is necessary for effective communication
in business settings
The Importance of Business English
Enhances career opportunities for individuals
03
Business English communication
Business English communication
• A Business English PowerPoint course is a comprehensive and effective way to learn Business English It typically includes a series of PPT slides and corresponding audio files, as well as supplementary materials to guide learners through the process of mastering Business English
Adopting a professional writing style and using an appropriate format to present the data and information
The structure and layout of common business English documents, such as memories, emails, reports, etc
Business English sentence structure
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Chapter 7International Finance国际金融Aa stock exchange证券交易所a commodity exchange商品交易所act on commission拿佣金authorized to deal in foreign exchange有资格从事外汇交易act as principals in buying and selling 进行买卖的主体appreciate and depreciate增值和贬值at par adv. 与票面价值相等a foreign currency receipt收取外汇a hedge套期保值a speculative transaction投机交易a commercial or financial underlying transaction；隐含的商业或金融交易a single forward purchase or a single forward sale of foreign currency单纯的外汇期货a swap transaction 掉期交易against extreme rate fluctuations免受极端的汇率波动之苦assume确保；采取行动a forward market operation期货业务a period starting three months and ending six months from now三个月后开始的为期三个月的期货an initial public offering (IPO)首次公开募股a lending institution信贷机构a form of debt financing负债融资形式a form of equity financing增股融资形式an automatic right自动获得的权利at an agreed discount以协商的折扣价at full price 以足价(以全价)a registered representative注册代理人automated order systems自动下单系统a chimpanzee(chimp)n.[动]非洲的小人猿, 黑猩猩a panel of experts 一组专家an online-brokerage account网上股票帐户a chartered financial analyst(CFA) 特许金融分析师at the federal level 在联邦法律层次的a registration statement 有价证券申请上市登记表a prospectus n.内容说明书a nationwide electronic system国内电子交系统BBuenos Aires布宜诺斯艾利斯(阿根廷首都)be versed in 精通于be prone to 倾向于brokerage films 经纪公司build their financial future规划金融前景buy and sell investments买卖投资产品buy major goods and services 购买大宗货物和服务beginning operations 实施新项目bond 债券bid买价offer卖价by reference to the spot参照现款交易be versed in精通于buy low, sell high买低，卖高banker’ drafts银行汇bills汇票Ccorporate customers公司客户cheques支票coupons息票：利息单，证券上的代表一定数目利息的可流通证书commercial and personal letters of credit商业和个人信用证cover包括confine限制consist of five numerical figures由五个数字组成C. centC. $ 表示用“分”为单位计算溢价与折扣如0.03（分）= 0.0003（元）cover or hedge existing exchange risks防范存在的外汇交易风险call upon: requirecall for要求credit swap信用交换cover the exchange risks 规避交易风险cash flow现金cereal谷物食品can’t be overemphasied再怎么强调也不过分chief financial officer财务主管(CFO)Goldman Sachs美国一投资银行compete against the experts与专家比赛commission 佣金consensus n. 一致同意, 多数人的意见commit 调配...供使用；指定...用于common stock普通股criteria n.标准condensed version浓缩版本company insiders公司内部人员communist-bloc countries共产主义阵营的国家Cincinnati, Spokane, Salt Lake City 美国城市Ddischarge international obligations履行国际贸易义务demand drafts即期汇票dividend checks分红支票different currencies不同的货币distinction区别, 差别draw注意delivery of currencies货币交割Deutsche mark德国马克$/DM 1.6850~1.6860 一美元兑换DM 1.6850（卖价）～1.6860（买价）decimal十进制数字，小数discount贴现；打折dearer: more expensivedecimal points小数点differential 差价different maturities不同的到期日double deals复式交易detailed scrutiny 严格的审查duration n.持续时间Definition of Foreign Exchange外汇交易的定义Eexecute执行exchange terminology外汇交易术语enter into forward contract签订期货交易契约exposure management闲置货币管理expand businesses扩大企业规模expand operations扩展业务extensive financial disclosure详细公布财务信息extensive financial analyses详细的财务分析emerging small companies新兴的小公司Ffor the purpose of 在…方面foreign bonds外国债券foreign notes and coins外国货币Foreign Exchange Markets外汇市场from the point of view of their countries站在他们自己国家的角度Foreign Exchange Market Transactions外汇市场交易fall on the spot现款交易Forward Transaction: 远期外汇交易Fixed Forwards固定远期外汇交易forward differentials 远期差额Frankfurt法兰克福：德国东部奥得河岸一城市In Frankfurt 在法兰克福证券交易所forward differential 期货差价fixed forward 固定期货floating rate of exchange system浮动汇率制度forward cover远期保护（保险foremost: the most importantfinding long-term finding 找到长期投资资金finance提供资金;Fiberrific 一粮食公司名full disclosure 完全披露file with the SEC 向证券交易委员会递交fluctuation n.波动, 涨跌finalize定案favorable or unfavorable有利的或无利的foreign security外国证券Gguidelines指导方针HHow to Invest in Securities Markets 怎样投资证券市场handle the trading of securities between investors执行投资者之间的交易handle the sales of new securities发行新股票hedging期货保值hedging 规避风险hold a key position 占据主要部分hedge防范hedging against exchange risks外汇风险防范have three tier dealings 有三个层次的交易hedging against inflation防止通货膨胀的措施Iimprisonment坐牢insider n.内部的人, 会员, 知道内情的人insider trading内幕交易inherent adj.固有的, 内在的Invest Online 网上投资institutional investors机构投资者issue corporate bonds发行公司债券(debt债券式)in relation to根据intercompany loans公司间的借贷incur招致in consistent with the market rates根据市场汇率in the case of a “buyer’s option 在由买方选择的情况下inopportune adj.不合适的in such a unified way使用统一的方法in absolute figures绝对数值identical adj.相同的, 同样的in terms of 根据in terms of a variable number of home currency将本国货币单位作为变量in the same sense具有同样的意义in a general way 从广义上讲international finance and exchange国际金融和外汇Llong currency exposure 较长时间闲置货币long-term funding 长期融资liquidity n.流动性learn about and follows了解和跟踪Mmedia介质mail transfers信汇Methods of Quoting Exchange Rates 外汇汇率标价方法the direct quotation method直接标价法the indirect quotation method间接标价法maxim基本原理movements in exchange外汇市场的交易活动maturity date到期日mutual funds <美>互助基金(一种投资公司形式)meet long-term financing needs 满足长期融资的需要mutual funds 互助基金Nno single, physical place没有专门的有形市场national exchanges国内证券交易所Ooperator经营者on their own accounts以自身的账户资金on the standpoint of 站在…的角度看one point 一点One point may be carried to the fourth place to the right of the decimal一点就是小数点后的第四位Option Forwards期权外汇交易outright forward；直接远期外汇交易（单纯远期交易）Option Forwards期权交易option forward contracts(选择)期权交易契约outright exchange risks单纯远期交易的风险offering(股票)上市;(股票或债券的首次)募股offer additional shares增发股份over time 随着时间的过去over-the-counter(OTC) 柜台交易;场外交易Pprincipal adj.主要的pensions checks养老金支票provision of credits提供信贷payment at a distance异地支付per prep. 根据；按照per fixed foreign currency unit 根据每一固定的外币单位premium 溢价pfennig 芬尼，前东德、西德等国的辅币单位，相当于百分之一马克dis. discountpm. premiumpay a foreign currency expenditure支付外汇pinpoint确定price an option forward contract为期权交易契约定价physical and financial assets denominated in foreign currencies以外币计算的有形资产和金融资产prevailing现行的private investors个人投资者perspectives观点, 看法primary market一级市场pension funds保险基金periodically adv.周期性地, 定时性地preferred stock 优先股：在股利或通常为资产的分配上比公司的一般所持股享有优先权的股票provide annual updates每年更新资料privileged information 特许的信息penalties 惩罚purchase memberships or seats购买会员资格或席位Qquote报价Rrates比率ruling 占主流的Remembering that in professional foreign exchange dealings among banks, premium and discount apply to the value of foreign currency, not to that of the domestic currency, and that “premium” is synonymous to “dearer” and “discount” to “cheaper”, so we can readily see that a foreign currency is dearer or cheaper in terms of the domestic currency than the ratio established between them in the spot rate.记住在银行之间专业外汇交易时，溢价和折扣价是针对外国货币而非本国货币的价值的，而且，“溢价”和“更高价”同义，“贴现”是和“打折价“同义的。