高中英语必修四语法教材

高中英语必修四语法教材Unit 11.achievementa sense of achievementachieve achieve one’s goal achieve one’s aim achieve nothing achieve success2.have something in commonhave a lot/ little/nothing in common in common with sb/sth in common eg. Sometimes I really wonder how I could make friends with a man who has so little (common ) with me.3. drive….out of…put sb to deathbeat / sentence/ starve /shoot/ burn/ sb to death be frozen to death4. condition living/ housing/working/ conditions in/ under war contionsbe in good/ poor/excellent conditions be in condition be out of conditionon condition thateg.如果我丈夫能和我一起去，我就出国。

I will go abroad5. a. concern oneself with be concerned in sth be concerned about/forshow/express concern about as/so far as…be concernedb. concerning about Lucy, the teacher called her parents to find out whyshe was so often absent from class.(concern)6. connection in connection with have connections with connect A with Bbe connected with7. agree (not) to do sthI agree not to expect anything from you.8. try to do sth try doing stheg. The boy quietly slipped out of the ball, to be noticed by the teacher. (try)9. groupa. The research group is ready to start its work..b. Our group are all for the plan.10. have/has done sth+ for many years/ for a log time /since then/since last month /allthe time/ all day/so far/ in the past/ last few yearseg. –I remember you were a talented pianist at college. Can you play the piano for me？—Sorry, I the piano for years.(not play)11. behave behaviorI’m sorry about what I did last night—I behaved like a child.behave well/badly behave oneselfeg. Tom, yourself. Did you forget the school rules? (behave)12. Why did you leave the guests standing there? He left a few questions unanswered.eg. When he woke up, he found the coat he had left over the fire had got burnt. (hang)13. a. mean/stop/try/remember / regret to do sth mean/stop/try/remember / regret doing sth14. a way of doing sth = a way to do stha. Could you tell me the best way to learn English?b. This is the right way of solving this problem.c. I don’t like the way (that/ in which) he speaks to others.15. warn They warned him to stay away.a. warn sb of/ against sthb. warn sb not to do sth = warn sb against doing sth Thedoctor warned him not tosmoke/against smoking.c. warn sb that-claused. without warning give/ send a warning to sbeg. Mrs Smith warned her daughter after drinking .(never drive)16. worthwhile worth worthya. worthwhile It is worthwhile doing/ to do sthI think it worthwhile discussing/ to discuss the question.b. worth Sth be (well) worth doing be worth + money be worth +noun It isworth doingsthc. be worthy of sth be worthy of being done=be worthy to be done be worthy to do sth17. observe vt. We must strictly observe the traffic rules. Some people observeChristmas here.observation nObserve sb to do/ doing sth observe sth done observe + that-clause 18. Only when the war was over was he able to return to his homeland.Only he knew the truth.eg. Only after Marry read her composition the second time the spelling mistake. (notice)19. work outa. I can’t work out the meaning of the poem.b. We’ll have to work out hoe much food we’ll need for the party.c. work out a pland. The plan worked out well in practice.e. I work out regularly to keep fit.f. Can you work out on the map where we are now.20. respect vt.a. respect sb for sth have/ show respect for sb win/gain/earn/the respect ofsb treat sb/ sth with respectb. in one’s respect/ in some respects/ in every respectc. with respect torespects n. Give your parents my respects.respectable adj a respectable personrespectful a respectful bow21. argue with sb about/over sth argue for/against sth argue sb into/ out ofdoing sth argue that-clauseEg. All his friends tried to argue him leaving his job, but he insisted onhaving a change. （into out of）22. lead a …life Peasants lived a miserable life in old days.23. c r owd in Dear memories crowded in upon him.crowded adj a crowded train crowded citiesa crowd of follow/ go with the crowd in crowds be crowded with24. inspire vt.inspire sb to do sth inspire sb with=inspire…in sb inspire sb toThe teacher inspired me with confidence.=Inspiring adj inspired adj inspiration n.Eg. an speech an artist25. support sb in sth support oneself strongly support in support ofIs the dridge strong enough to support heavy lorries.Eg A scientist must produce evidence a theory. (support)26. In the last few years thousands of films all over the world.27. You should your elders and teachers. （respect）28. a. look down upon/onlook back onlook forward tolook on/upon … as…look out forlook up tob. Refer to the dictionary when you don’t know hoe to spell a word.You can look up to this word in the vocabulary.c. refer to Teachers are always referred to as gardeners for the children.Eg. I insisted that the thief to should be put into prison. (refer)29. a. Ten miles isn’t a long distance.b. Either my sister or my mother is coming.c. Police people cattle clothes goods +areThe cattle are kept on his farm.d. clothing poetry baggage luggage furniture machinery scenery jewellery equipment +isAll the furniture in the room is covered with dust.e. population The population of China is very large, and one third of thepopulation are farmers.f. war and peace iron and steel truth and honesty a watch and chain aknife and fork a cart and horse +is…..War and peace is a constant theme in history.g. each every no many a +is Each boy and each girl was given a gift. Manya boy and (many a) girl likes it.h. or nor either…or…neither… nor…not only… but also…not…but…eg. Not only the students but also the teacher is going to see the film.Not the child but the parents are to blame.i Twenty pounds isn’t so heavy.30. all of some of half of most of none of lots of plenty of therest ofEg Three –fourths of the surface of the earth is covered by water.One in/ out of +is/ singleOnly one in ten students has passed the exam.31. more than one/ many aMore than one student was late for school this morning.Many a young person has got into the habit of smoking.One and a half bananas is left on the table.A student or two has failed the exam.32. Large quantities of food were wasted.= A large quantity of food was wasted. Large amounts of money were spent on the bridge.= A large amount of money was spent on the bridge.33. each either another the otherEach book/ each of the book costs five yuan.Neither suggestion is good.34. as well as with along with along with together with but like rather than except in addition toEg. My father as well as his workmates has gone to Beijing.35. What the boys wanted were some books.What the soldiers needed was water.What he says and what he thinks have nothing to do with me.What I say and do is my own affairs.36. a. This pair of shoes is made in Beijing.b. a kind/type/sort of +None a series of +None + singlec. you, not I, are right.Eg All the work and no play Jack a dull boy. (make)I, who (be) your close friend, will try my best to help you out of trouble.Many a boy and many a girl like this film.The children in this class each has a new schoolbag.37. do research on We badly need to do some research on the world oil market..38. by chance= by accident on purpose= by intentionby any chance take a chance/chances This is a chance(that)…=Chances are (that)…come across run into meet with I came across your mother in the park.Come about come out come to come upon come upEg. a. It’s already 10 o’clock. I wonder how it that she was two hours late on such a short trip.b. I some old photos in the drawer.c. His new novel will next month.39. rate The car was going at the rate of 60 miles an hour.thebirth/death/unemployment/divorce/crime/success/failure rate the high/low rate ofthe rate of exchange= the exchange rateat the rate of40. catch sb’s eye All of a sudden a red object caught his eyes.keep one’s eye on sblook sb in the eyekeep an eye onkeep an eye upon41. care for care about42. intend to do/doing sth intention by intentionIntend sb to do sth He intends his son to manage the company.Intend sth for sb be intended for sb/sthThis book is intended for beginners.Had intended to do sth= intended to have done sthHe had intended to go, but on second thoughts, he gave up the idea.43. reach an agreement/a conclusion/a goalReach out for sthAs far as the eye can reachBeyond /out of one’s reachWithin one’s reachWithin easy reach ofEg. Always remember to put such dangerous things as knives of children’s .(reach)44. hit Suddenly it hit me that he was asking me to marry him.Sth hit/ struck sbIt hit/struck sb that…Hit/ take/ pull/seize/ pat/ tap sb + prep+ the NoneA bullet hit him on the leg.The area was hit by the flood.45. be second only to sth be second to noneColin’s career was second only to his family.46. consideration N. considerate adj considering adj considerable adja. under consideration give sth your full considerationb. take sb into full considerationc. out of consideration ford. show consideration for47. carry on doing sth / carry on with sth carry outa. we can carry on our discussion after discussionb. the group of soldiers carried out a secret military action on the other day.48.Dr. Black has devoted many years to carrying out research the cause of cancer. (prep)49.The factory used 65 percent of the raw materials, the rest of which savedof other purposes. (be)50. the party will be held in the garden, weather .(permit)51. The president spoke at the business meeting for nearly an hour without(refer) his notes.52.The story took place in Europe in the days before automobiles everyoneused horses.Unit 21. if any if ever if possible if necessarya. There are few, if any, mistakes in the books.b. If I failed/ were to fail/ should fail, I would /should try again.c. Maybe if I science, and not literature then, I would be ableto give yourmorehelp.(study)2. workThe medicine doesn’t work on me. He worked the farm with great success. Please tell me how to work the machine.3. She showed the visitors around the museum, the construction had taken more than three years. (which)4. struggle A bird was caught in the net and was struggling to get free.Struggle to do sthStruggle for sthStruggle againstStruggle withStruggle to one’s feet5. the first/ the last to do sthHe was always the first to come and the last to leave.Astronaut Zhai Zhigang has become the first Chinese in space. (walk)6. make / feel/ find/ take/ think/ believe/ consider it +adj./n+to doI’ve made it a rule never to hurry.We feel it our duty to make our country a better place.7. hunger n. vt.He has a hunger for / after knowledge.have a hunger for/ after hunger to do sth hunger for sthgo hungry be hungry forif the crops fail again this year thousands of people will go . （hungry）8. Heat expands metal.Why not try expanding your story into a novel.expand…into…expand on expansionThe tourists season extends from May till October.The rumour spread quickly all over the town.The long white beaches stretch for miles along the coast.9. search sb for sth search some place for sb/sthsearch though in search forThey searched the man all over for a map.10. circulate vt circulation n.The heart circulates blood round the body.in circulation be taken out of circulation put the new coins into circulation11. a. battle for /against sthThe two leaders are battling for control of the government.b. to be killed in battle battle with/against sb/sth battle for sth12. thanks to because of as a result of on account of owing to due toHis lateness was due to the very traffic on the motorway.13.a. rid… of…further measures will be taken to rids our streets of crime.b. rid sb /some place of sb/sth be /get rid of sb/sth=be / become free of14. remind /inform/cure/rob sb of sth.15. half/ a quarter/twice/ three times + as +adj / adv +as…According to statistics, a man is more than twice as likely to die of skin cancer a woman.a.The Yangtze River is almost three times longer than the Pearl River.b.This room the three times the sixe of that one.c.The college is twice what it was 5 years ago.16. be satisfied/content/pleased with…Satisfied adj satisfying adj satisfaction n.― Well done !‖the teacher patted the shoulder of the student, with a smile on his face.(satisfy)17. feel like doing sth.Lydia doesn’t feel like abroad. Her parents abroad. (study)18. would rather (not) do sth.would rather do than do = would do… rather than do…=prefer to do …rather than do= rather than do …would do…Rather than ask my parents for money, I would borrow money from my friends.I’d rather you met her at the airport tomorrow morning.I’d rather(that)you hadn’t told him about it that day.Would rather(not)have done.Eg.Look! What has happened! I’d rather y ou______her about the bad news.(tell) I’d rather_______the basketball match last night. Otherwise, I would have finished my paperwork by now.(watch)19. Is your teacher or your parents against your decision?Making more money or being famous means very little to him.20. He is an explorer rather than a sailor.I rather than you ____ to blame.Other than or rather more thanThe form cannot be signed by anyone______ yourself.21.equip…with equip…for sth. / to do sth. be well / poorly equippedEquipment office equipment sports equipment a piece of equipmentOur classroom_____ _____ _____ a computer , a TV and a taperecorder.Your education will____ ___ _____ a job.(equip)With the hope ofHe went to Beijing with the hope of getting a good job there.In hopes of / in the hope ofIn the hope that…We returned to the park in hopes of / in the hope of finding her wallet.22. nationality dual nationality nation national23. occupation occupy occupy oneself in / be occupied inPlease state your name, address and occupation.She was born in France during German occupation.She is an architect by profession.By occupation she is a housewife.By occupation in occupation of24. make a difference (between)Exercise can make a great difference to your state of health.Make a big / great / no / some difference(to sb./ sth.)Make all the difference25. If we _____ adequate preparations, the conference wouldn’t have been sosuccessful.(make)26. be free of / from be free with sth./sb. be free to do sth. free of charge=for free set sb. freeThe book will be sent free of charge.27. for sale on saleThis ten-dollar hat is now on sale for five.The furniture on display here is not ____ sale, but just ____curiosity, how much would you offer?28. Meet withDo the plans meet with your approval?29. in need ofHe is badly in need of / in great need of money.He helped me when I was in need.There s no need (for sb.)to do sth.Many Chinese universities provided scholarships for students in need of financial aid.30. confuse sb.get becom e confused confuse…with / and …confused confusing confusion.I’m always John Paul.All our changes of the plan have made me totally .The instructions on the box are .31. try outJim could hardly wait to try out his new bike.a.try sth. out on sb./sth.b.try out forc.try sth. onThe drug has not been tried out on humans yet.32 . a. regret doing sth./having done sth.b. regret to say/tell//inform…that…c. regret +that clauseI regret to say that I connot come.She regretted that she had missed the train.d. with great/deep regrete. to one’s regretf. feel regret forg. regrets Please accept my regrets.They failed to pass the exam last time, I regretted (not beable to) 33. not +v-ingWould you mind her not being on time?No parking.34. It is a waste of time doing sth,It is/was no good /use doing sth.It is / was hardly/scarcely worth doing sth.There no doing sth.Eg. Talking mends no holes.He said, ― To go on like this is no use.‖35.a. can’t help doing sth. can’t help to do sth.The child can’t hel p laughing when he saw the monkey.The medicine can’t help to get rid of your cold.b. be used to doing sth be used to do sthHe has been used to getting up early.Wood is used to make paper.36.a there is no sense/ point/ use (in) doing sth.b. be busy (in) doing sth.c. spend… (in) doing sth.d. have difficulty / trouble (in) doing sth.e. waste time / money (in) doing sth.f. have a good/ hard time (in) doing sth.g. lose no time (in) doing sth.37. I can’t stand with Jane in the same office. She just refuses talking while she works. ( work stop)38. --- Do you think there’s any possibility of the new educational programmenext year?（carry out）---quite possible, according to some well-informed persons.39. welcome vt. She didn’t welcome the suggestion.Welcome n./ adj. a welcome changeEg. I feel greatly honoured into their society. ( welcome)Eg. You may use my bike. You use my bike.40. have/ has/ had been doing sthTom has been working in the library every night over the last three months.41. bya. You can book tickets by telephone. They always addressed each other bytheir Christian name.b. by + the +n. ( hour/ day/ week/ month/ year/ kilogram/ yard/ metre)I was paid by the hour.c. by +n. (volume/ weight/ length/ width/ height/ depth)Vegetables are sold by weight.d.His horse won by a nose.---It’s said that John will be in a job paying over $ 60000 year.---right, he will also get paid by week.42. wash off Wash that dirt off your hands.Wash away wash down wash up43. bring up come up give up make up pick up turn up take upuse up set up put upeg. Born into a family with three brothers, David was to value the sense of sharing.44.a. lead to= result inSuccess lies in hard work and laziness can lead to failure.b. where does this road lead(to)?c. lead sb. to do sth.This path can lead you to the foot of the mountain.d. lead sb. to do sth.what lead him to resign?e. lead sb. in doing sth.The party leads us in building socialism.Eg. Look over there---there’s a long winding path up to the hous e. (lead) 45. turn to turn one’s back to turn off turn away turn downturn out turn over turn in turn up---you look upset .What’s the matter?--- I had my proposal again.46. a. reduce… to…We persuaded them to reduce the price to $ 1000.b. reduce …by…pro duction costs have been reduced by one third.---If you could reduce the price $ 20, I could increase my order.--- I’m afraid the best I can do is $ 22.47. focus on many firms are focusing on increasing their markets overseas.a. focus one’s eyes / atten tion/ mind/ thoughts/ efforts onb. focus the camera/ telescope onc. concentrate on centre on fix one’s attention/ mind oneg The man stood there with his eyes on the picture. ( focus)48. prefer Which do you prefer, coffee or tea?a. Prefer sth.b. Prefer to do / doing sthc. Prefer sb. to do sth.d. Prefer to do… rather than do…e. Prefer (doing ) sth. to (doing) sth.f. Prefer + that sb. ( should) do sth.eg. Mary prefers renting movies to watch them at home to the cinema.(go)eg. He would rather walk home than take a bus.He prefers home a bus.take a bus he walk home.49. rich/ high/ low in…50. a. keep … free from/ of…Eg. Constant exercise can keep you free from the cold.b. protect…from/ against…guard… from…c. keep sb. from doing sth.keep oneself from doing sth.keep sth. from sb.51. root n. Money is the root of all evils.be lie/ at the root ofroot cause It is the root cause of poverty.get to the root ofhas its root in Jazz has its rot in the fork songs of the southern states of the US.put down roots52. prevent… from doing stop…(from) doing sth. keep… from doing sth.A belt can prevent / keep you from being hurt.The policeman stopped the children ( from) playing football in the street.Eg. This is the best way you thought of into the dangerous areas.(prevent people from getting)Eg To prevent seedlings , we have to take measures to keep the cattle away from the field. (damage)53. summary n. make a summary in summaryEg. In summary, the two universities have some things in common.summarize v.54. comment n. vi.a. make a comment/ comments on/ aboutb. make no comments on/ aboutc. comment on/ aboutd. comment + that-clausee. No comment!Eg. I read your comments his new book but disagree them.55. Tom asked the candy makers if they could make the chocolate easier intosmall pieces. ( break)56. Helping others is a habit, you can learn even at an early age. ( that,what, it, one)57. Nowadays some hospitals refers to patients name, not cause the number.58. A modern city has been set up in was a wasteland ten years ago.(whatwhere)59. ---What do you you think of bacteria? Are they good or bad？--- to say, but one thing is certain: without bacteria, the world would be quite different from what it is. (hard)60. (punish) made the student (lose ) interest in his studies.Unit 31.Contenta. feel / be content with…Eg. People should be chontend with what they have.b. john contended himself with two glasses of beer for each meal.c. content contents a content contentswe can swim in the river to our hearts’ content.Show me the contents of your suitcase.e.be content to do sth.= be willing/ ready to do sth.f.Content sb./ oneself with sth.g.To one’s hearts’ contentEg. We should never ourselves book knowledge only. 2.Not that Charlie’s own lif e easy.Eg. Not that it matters, but how did you spend the money I give you.3.Astonish astonished astonishinga.be astonished at/ by sth.b.be astonished to do sth.c.be astonished thatd.astonishment to one;s astonishment in astonishment4. a. such Such is their decision.b. such…that…He is such a good teacher that all his pupils like him.c. such…as…Such a film as you described shouldn’t be shoen.d. such that / as soHis illness is such as to cause anxiety.Their anxiety was they such that could not sleep.e.their is no such person/ thing,etc.5. a .badly off well offWe used to be badly off, but now we are well off.b. Be badly/ well off for sth.c. go from bad to worse to make matters worse= (and ) what is worse6. She had an ordinary dress. We all are orditionary people.Common sense The cold is a common disease in winter.7.bore bored boringBe bored with= be t ired ofBore sb. with sth.Bore sb. to deathEg. My father’s always boring us with his stories about the war.8. entertain sb. with entertain sb. to sth. entertain sb as entertaining Entertainment9. a beatuiful little Chinese wooden bridgethe first beautiful green Chinese milittary jeepeg. I want to buy a wallet for him. ( black,leather,black.)10. wearworn adj a. His coat was worn in several places. b. She was worn out after a day’s walk.worn-out adj You look wear-out!wear out The machine will soon wear out.11. He is so kind a man that we all like him.= So kind a man is he that we all like him.12. as ifa. The man walked as if (he were) runk.b. He talked as if he had been to Canada.c. He talks as if he would be the mannager.13. a. pick out pick sb./sth. out from…It’s easy to pick him out in a crowd because he is very tall.Let’s pick out the bad potatoes from the basket.b. pick upThe bus picks up passengers outside the airport.We picked up signals for help from the burning plane.14. convince vt. convinced adj convining adja.convince sb of sth. We finally convinced them of our adventure.b.convince sb. that…Her smile convinced him that she was happy.c.convince sb. to do sth. We finally convinced them to belive our adventure.15. a. direct sb to do sthb. direct that sb.(should) do sth.c. direct sb to a placed. directly= as soon as Directly the teacher came in evergone was quite.e. direction n in all directions= in every direction under the directionof follow one’s directions. Director16. star in She has started in about thirty films. start sb. in17. be remembered as be remembered for sth.He is remembered as a great actor who could help people with great confidence.18. He found it incresaingly difficult to read, for his eyesight was beginnning to fail.19. be particular about / over sth. in particular= particularly20. occasion. On one occasion, she called me in the middle of the night.a. on this/ that occasionb. on special occasionsc. on occasion(s)d. on one occasione. on several occasionsf.I will not never forget the occasions when my father encouraged me not to loseheart in face of difficulty. There are many occasions on which/ where I can see her.Eg I admire my English teacher. Few occasions can I remember she stoppped working because of illnes.21. budget n. The work has finished on time and wwithin budget.a. over/ under budgetb. balance the budgetc. be on a tight budgetd. make a budget22. keep to They keep to the custom to hold their wedding.Keep to one’s promise keep to the point/ subject23. see sb. do/ doing sth. see sth. done see sth. being doneWhen I arrived, I saw my car being washed.a.On the top of the hill, he could see smoke (rise) from the chimneys.b.Isaw Peter (drive) off about an hour ago.c.in the room various medicines could be seen (arrange) on theshelves.24. slide…into/ out ofShe slide out of the classroom.He had slide into bad habits.He slid a pistol into his pocket.25. I have been writing this report for the last two weeks, but it has to be handed in tomorrow. (occasion)26. the flowers (smell) sweet in the garden attract the vistors to the beauty of nature.27. (occasion), he was found crying in the corner of the classroom.28. a. be amused at/ about/ by/ with….b. amuse oneself with sth./ by doing sth.c. with/ in ammusement29. a. in a whisper= in whispersb. whisper sth. to sb.c. whisper to sb. that…d. it is / was whispered th at…It is whispered that he is in debt.30.a. last + (for/ until/ through) The hot weather lasted until September.b. This good weather won’t last.c. The food will last (us) three days. Eg. I’m not a heavy smoker. A pack of cigarettes usually (last) me three days or more.31. a third timeEg. The book is very interesting, and I want to read a third time.---Can you wait for second? I’m going to collect car.---Sure.。